Basic Hand Tools & Equipment: Department of Education

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY
TVE (SMAW) – Grade 8

Quarter 1, Week 2
Module 1.2
Basic Hand Tools

& Equipment
Learning Competency:
 Use of Hand Tools and Equipment
TVE_IASMAW8-I-a-b
Address: D. Macapagal Highway, Poblacion, Toledo City

Tel. No.: (032) 322-7770; Fax. No.: (032) 467-8629;
Email Address: toledo.city@deped.gov.ph
Region VII
INTRODUCTION
This module is created for Grade 8 in Technical & Vocational Education – Shielded Metal Arc
Welding. This is intended for those who cannot attend classes online. This shall be answered
with the guidance of a teacher or a learned adult at home.
This is the second of a series of ___ modules which the learner has to go through for a quarter.
Dear student, this is the first common competency that you have to learn as part of the different
competencies in SMAW. In Welding, you must know the different hand tools & equipment
needed. Welding is not just a skill to be acquired, but it needs a lot of different tools and
equipment in order to meet the required competencies.
As you take this Technical and Vocational Education subject in Shielded Metal Arc Welding, you
will perform benchwork, and some preparations before performing welding task. So it is
necessary to familiarize the different tools and equipment needed to do the job requirement.
This time, you are going to identify the different uses of the tools, not only in welding, but also in
general fabrication.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
In this module, you will be able to:
K – Classify the different common tools used in Shielded Metal Arc Welding
S – Explain the uses of different common hand tools.
A – Demonstrate open-mindedness in the use of different hand tools.
V – Display interest on the different hand tools.
You will learn best if you carefully read further and answer the self-check exercises honestly. If
there are words which are new to you, please find their meaning in the glossary on page 17.
If you need somebody to help you, you can ask your elder brother or sister or your father or
mother to go through this module. Before you proceed, please have the following within your
reach:
1. 6 pcs of ¼ sheet of paper
On each ¼ sheet of paper, write the following
1st Line: Module 1.2 – Shielded Metal Arc Welding
2nd Line: your name and section
3rd Line: LRN & contact number
4th Line: Home address
2. 2 clean sheets of paper
3. Ballpoint pen or ball pen
4. Pencil & eraser
5. Ruler
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PRE-ASSESSMENT (What I Know)

Before the lesson proper, please get ¼ sheet of intermediate pad paper and answer the
following test items. This test will tell how familiar you are with the common hand tools and
equipment.
Direction: Match column A with column B.
Column A Column B
1. An equipment fastened to a working table used to secure A. Tong
stock or materials to be cut, grinded, or filed
2. Any tools used to cut materials into different length and B. Layout Tools
sizes
3. An instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is C. Clamp
horizontal or vertical
4. A type of hammer used to remove slag on weld D. File
5. Any tool used to check the squareness, horizontal, E. Chisel
vertical, or diagonal accuracy
6. A tool made of high carbon steel that has rows of teeth F. Screw Driver
used to form, shape, and remove small chips of metal to
smoothen rough edges
7. A wedge-shaped tool used to shear, cut, and chip metal G. Spirit Level
8. Any tool that can hold objects or materials when working H. Driving Tools
9. A tool used for quantifying length or dimension which is I. Measuring Tools
curved or irregular surfaces
10. A tool used to obtain length, thickness, or dimensions of J. Hacksaw
materials
11. A hand tool designed to turn screw K. Chipping Hammer
12. A holding tool used to hold hot metals after performing L. Cutting Tools
weld
13. any tool used for fastening or loosening in either bolts, M. Machinist Vise
nuts, screws with the use of hands
14. A tooth cutting tool usually with solid and adjustable frame N. Pull-push Rule
used to cut metals like pipe, bars, rods, plastics, and
others
15. A device designed to hold work securely while performing O. Holding Tools
grinding, bending, fitting, or cutting of metals
Turn to page 18 for the answers. Please check your answers. After checking, get back here and
go further.
How well did you do in the pre-test? Please don‟t be anxious about your score as it is not
graded. Now, please read ahead for the lesson proper.
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LESSON PROPER 1. REVIEW (What’s in?)

1. What is the biggest hammer operated by hand?
Answer: sledge hammer
2. What are the tools operated and manipulated by our hands?
Answer: hand tools
3. What do you call those tools used for quantifying length, distance, height, diameter, etc.?
Answer: measuring tools
Now, can you answer the next 3 questions?
Priming questions
1. What are those tools used to hold materials in-place while working?
Answer: ________________
2. What type of tools is used to cut metallic or non-metallic materials with the use of toothed
blade?
Answer: ________________
3. What type of wrench is designed to turn threaded pipe and pipe fittings for tightening or
loosening?
Answer: ________________
Go to page 18 to check your answers and be back here to proceed to the lesson proper
LESSON PROPER 2. ACTIVITY (What’s new?)

In your previous module, you have listed the tools that you have at home, right? This time you
may again list all hand tools you have learn previously, based on your module.
Now, based on your list or in your activity, answer the following questions. Keep your answers in
your mind.
1. Is there anything new in this activity?
2. Was there excitement with these new tools?
3. Were you able to do all the listings accordingly?
LESSON PROPER 3. DISCUSSION (What is it?)

You must have found the activity redundant and made you easy and having less time in doing it.
However, your output will surely be correct because you have experienced doing them.
What must have been the reasons behind? Can you tell?
1) Was it easy?
2) Why do we have such activity?
3) Why were you not able to enumerate all the tools?
WE MADE THIS BECAUSE, YOU STILL HAVE TO LEARN MORE TOOLS AND CLASSIFY
THEM ACCORDING TO ITS USES.
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As per mentioned earlier, in Shielded Metal Arc Welding, just like other areas of Technology,
has hand tools and equipment to be use.
Even if you have acquaintance with other tools, it is necessary for you to explore more or shall
we say get familiar other tools. You may found that there were common tools and equipment in
every shop that you have been when you are in your early grade levels.
FOLLOWING ARE THE DIFFERENT COMMON HAND TOOLS ACCORDING TO ITS
CLASSIFICATION.
DRIVING TOOLS
1. Hammer
a. Ballpeen hammer is used for straightening bending and deforming metals. It has two
faces. One is flat in striking cold chisels and punches. The other side the “peen” is
rounded for bending and sharpening metals.
https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/81-OqzieOdL._AC_SL1500_.jpg
b. Chipping hammer is used for removing slags on weld and with two faces, the tapered
from one side and round pointed on the other side.
https://metronwelding.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/SPRING-HANDLE-CHIPPING-HAMMER.jpg
c. Sledge Hammer is a tool with a large, flat, often metal head, attached to a long handle.
The heaviest hammer operated by hand.
https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/71wWsdZAOEL._AC_SL1500_.jpg
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d. Claw Hammer is a tool primarily used for driving nails into, or pulling nails from, some
other object.
https://media.rs-online.com/t_large/F4499858-01.jpg
e. Cross peen Hammer is a hammer used by blacksmiths to complete metal work. The
wedge-shaped end of the hammer allows you to make the metal fuller when used with
heat.
https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/71Czl9SLA%2BL._AC_SL1500_.jpg
2. Wrench
a. Adjustable Wrench is used for loosening and tightening light and heavy nuts and bolts. It
has a movable jaw which makes it adjustable to various sizes of nuts.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Chrome_Vanadium_Adjustable_Wrench.jpg
b. Open-ended Wrench is one that is made to fit one size of nut or bolt. This is the most
inexpensive type of wrench of that quite efficient in ordering situations.
https://5.imimg.com/data5/BH/VP/MY-31294897/double-open-end-wrench-500x500.jpg
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c. Box-ended Wrench is a type of wrench which has ends that enclose the nut.
https://www.albanysteel.com/pub/media/catalog/category/box_wrench2.jpg
d. Combination Wrench is the combination of both box-end and open-end wrench.
https://images.homedepot-static.com/productImages/6d47f2e3-5416-4cb0-bb75-0b34724ca33f/svn/husky-combination-
wrenches-hcw1-64_1000.jpg
e. Pipe Wrench is any of several types of wrench that are designed to turn threaded pipe
and pipe fittings for tightening or loosening.
https://d2t1xqejof9utc.cloudfront.net/screenshots/pics/2e8a60058dcb36e6f11dfffbf733f08b/large.JPG
3. Screwdriver
a. Screw Driver is a hand tool that is designed to turn screws. The blade is made of steel,
attached to one end of which a wooden or plastic handle. The other end is flattened to fit
slots in the heads of screws on bolts.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Screw_Driver_display.jpg
b. Phillips-head Screwdriver is used to turn screws with „cross-shaped‟ heads.
https://images.hdsupplysolutions.com/image/upload/d_no_image.gif,f_auto,fl_lossy,h_600,q_auto,w_600/141701_K_Lg.jp
g
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CUTTING TOOLS
4. Hacksaw
Hacksaw is a tooth cutting tool usually with a solid and adjustable frame. The main parts are
the handle, blade, tightening screw and nuts. The tool is mainly use in cutting metals like
plates, pipes, rods, bars, angle bars, etc. but of minimal thickness, width and length.
FIXED FRAME
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Tool-hacksaw.jpg
ADJUSTIBLE FRAME
https://mangjohnnys.com/pub/media/catalog/product/cache/926507dc7f93631a094422215b778fe0/m/e/me267031.jpg
5. Snips
Tin Snips are hand tools used to cut sheet metal. It is also called Tinner‟s Snip.
https://www.usatco.com/images/items/04-MD10.jpg
6. Chisel
Cold Chisel is a wedge-shape tool used to shear, cut and chip metal.
https://amtechdiy.com/wp-content/uploads/G2610-13.jpg
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https://www.wonkeedonkeetools.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Chisels-1-768x512.jpg
7. File
Files are made of high grade steel hardened and tempered. It has rows of teeth that form,
shape and finish metal by removing small chips and smoothing rough edges of the metal
surface.
a. Mill File is a single-cut file used for filing and finishing brass and bronze.
https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/31xCbpL5eKL._AC_.jpg
b. Flat File is rectangular in shape and tapered slightly in width and thickness. It is one of
the most commonly used files for general work.
https://www.gustharts.com/images/stihl-flat-file-p649-2161_image.jpg
c. Square File is intended for filing square or rectangular holes.
https://3.imimg.com/data3/QI/LY/MY-3598486/square-file-500x500.jpg
d. Round File is used primarily for enlarging holes. It is also known as rattail file.
https://www.workshopheaven.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/1080x720/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e9
5/i/w/iwasaki-round-file-iw-rd100f-handled-323226_1.jpg
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e. Half-round File is used for filing curved or concave surfaces.
https://www.mercerindustries.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/BHRB10-v3-a.jpg
f. Triangular File is used for filing surfaces that meet at least 90º. It is exclusively used for
sharpening wood saws and for smoothening rectangular opening. It is also known as
three-square file.
https://www.canadianoutdoorequipment.com/images/P/cache/Bacho-Saw-File-620x338.jpg
MEASURING TOOLS
8. Pull-Push Rule
Pull-Push Rule is a flexible rule that when extended will support itself, but may also be used
to measure curved in irregular surfaces. Steel tape rule blade is usually ½ inch wide and 72
inches long.
https://cdn-cms.f-static.net/uploads/1974646/800_5c80afeb9bd99.jpg
9. Steel Rule
Steel Rule is the most common tool used in tool room. It is made of tampered steel about
1/8 inch thick and ¾ inch wide and 6 to 12 inches long, same style maybe obtained in length
from 1 to 48 inches.
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/d0/e3/cb/d0e3cbbb42d1855ac782cc46ef3b4044.jpg
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10. Steel Tape

Steel Tape is used to measure long distances.
https://www.sccssurvey.co.uk/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/800x/040ec09b1e35df139433887a97daa66f/f/i/fisco_pace
r_steel_tape_4.jpg
11. Vernier Caliper
Vernier Caliper is an extremely precise measuring instrument; the reading error is 1/20 mm
= 0.05 mm.
https://www.specialized.net/media/catalog/product/cache/568a8e16f7088c39f8fbc503b3b8bd49/0/2/020x200_pli-central-
6420.jpg
LAYOUT TOOLS
12. Try Square
Try Square is an instrument used to measure the squareness of an object.
https://cf.ydcdn.net/latest/images/main/A5trysquare.jpg
13. Combination Square
Combination Square is an instrument combined with 45°, 90° and a protractor.
https://shop.mitutoyo.eu/pim/upload/mitutoyoData/image/bigweb/180-910z_jpg.png
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14. L-Square
L-Square is one of the most basic of the pattern making rulers. This ruler helps to create
accurate 90° angles and straight edges.
https://alexnld.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/SKU1561273.jpg
15. Spirit Level
Spirit Level is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal or vertical.
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/images/full/spiritlevel_161573021_1000.jpg
HOLDING TOOLS
16. Clamp
C-Clamps are made of different sizes and appearance that fitted to its purpose. These
devices have been designed to hold work securely while performing skills through grinding,
bending, fitting and cutting of metals.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/G-clamp.jpg
17. Vise
a. Machinist Vise is a work holding tool that is attached to a table for machining activity.
https://www.yostvises.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/2/0/208swivel.jp
g
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b. Bench Vise is a work-holding device attached to a working table, used to hold materials
while hacksawing, grinding, filing, cutting, and/or other jobs.
https://www.irwin.com/uploads/products/large/bench-vises-1052.jpg
c. Vise Grip is a tool used to grip the stock and tight enough to hold the object.
https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/710ldpdsy%2BL._AC_SL1200_.jpg
18. Tongs
Tongs are used to hold the metal to be forged and it must be held securely while it is being
worked.
https://www.iforgeiron.com/uploads/monthly_2016_11/581b0623bb1cb_BowPliiersorCollaringTongs.JPG.a281055f56482b4278b42
92fca68b4be.JPG
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LESSON PROPER 4. MINI LESSON

By this time, you must already have identified and classified the common hand tools in Shielded
Metal Arc Welding. Further, you must have learned the importance of using them.
Now, would you remember the different classification of tools presented in the previous pages?
Please answer the following questions to find out.
1. How would you classify a wrench?
2. What type of hand tool is used to form, shape and finish metal by removing small chips
and smoothing rough edges of the metal surface?
3. What is a type of tool used to hold materials in-place while working?
4. What is a type of ruler that helps to create accurate 90° angles and straight edges?
5. What do you call the hand tool used to cut thin sheet of metal?
6. What tool is used for loosening and tightening light and heavy nuts and bolts?
7. What type of tool is used to identify the measurement of a material?
8. What is any tool used to check the squareness, horizontal, vertical, or diagonal accuracy
of a material?
9. What hammer intended for straightening, bending or deforming metals?
10. What tool that has jaws and has a reading error of 1/20 mm or 0.05 mm and is used to
get precise measurements?
Go to page 18 to check your answers and get back here to proceed.
How many correct answers did you get? If your score is 8, you can proceed to the next activity.
If your score is below 8, please read again and take this test again then get back here to
proceed.
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LESSON PROPER 5. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY (What’s more?)

Now, let‟s see how much you remember. Following are images of the common tools,
instruments. Identify the respective classification of each tool whether it is Cutting, Driving,
Measuring, or Holding tool. Write your answers on a ¼ sheet of paper.
1. 6. 11.
2. 7. 12.
3. 8. 13.
4. 9. 14.
5. 10. 15.
Please go to page 18 to check your answers and get back here for the concluding part of the
lesson.
What is your score? If you got 12, you can proceed to the next activity. If your score is below 12,
please review the images of the tools, instruments, and equipment and take this test again.
Then get back here to proceed.
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LESSON PROPER 6. GENERALIZATION (What have I learned?)

From the lesson, you must have learned the following:
1) That there are different working a) ______,and b) ______
2) That they are c) ______ according to its d) ______ or e) ______.
3) That they make work; f) ______, g) ______, and) more h) ______.
LESSON PROPER 7. VALUING (What have I valued?)

The different hand tools and equipment in welding with different important uses can be likened
to a community of people who complement each other. A community of all drivers cannot work
without passengers. A community of all carpenters cannot work without the manufacturers of
tools and materials. A community of all teachers cannot function without students. A community
of all businessmen will not prosper without consumers. A community with drivers, carpenters,
teachers, and businessmen cannot survive without a farmer to feed them. So as to welders
cannot work without the tools. Each one of us is diffident to each other.
LESSON PROPER 8. APPLICATION (What can I do?)

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
POST ASSESSMENT
Let us see how much you have learned by answering the following test items.
Direction: Match column A with column B.
Column A Column B
1. A holding tool used to hold hot metals after performing A. Driving Tools
weld
2. Any tool that can hold objects or materials when working B. Holding Tools
3. A hand tool designed to turn screw C. Pull-push Rule
4. A tool made of high carbon steel that has rows of teeth D. Machinist Vise
used to form, shape, and remove small chips of metal to
smoothen rough edges
5. Any tool used to check the squareness, horizontal, E. Cutting Tools
vertical, or diagonal accuracy
6. Any tool used for fastening or loosening in either bolts, F. Hacksaw
nuts, screws with the use of hands
7. An equipment fastened to a working table used to secure G. Spirit Level
stock or materials to be cut, grinded, or filed
8. A tool used to obtain length, thickness, or dimensions of H. Measuring Tools
materials
9. A wedge-shaped tool used to shear, cut, and chip metal I. Chipping Hammer
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10. A tooth cutting tool usually with solid and adjustable frame J. Screw Driver
used to cut metals like pipe, bars, rods, plastics, and
others
11. A type of hammer used to remove slag on weld K. Chisel
12. A tool used for quantifying length or dimension which is L. File
curved or irregular surfaces
13. A device designed to hold work securely while performing M. Clamp
grinding, bending, fitting, or cutting of metals
14. Any tools used to cut materials into different length and N. Layout Tools
sizes
15. An instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is O. Tong
horizontal or vertical
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
- over-
When you are done with this module, place all your outputs in an envelope. With the opening of
the envelope facing you, write the following at the upper left part of the flip:
5th Line: Subject Teacher
Submit your output to your teacher thru your barangay coordinator. If you have a cell phone,
please notify your teacher that you have already submitted your output of this module.
Glossary
1. Tool, n. – a device or an implement, especially one held in the hand, used to carry out a
particular function
2. Instrument, n. – a device or an implement, especially one that is used in measuring
3. Equipment, n. – a large tool or device for a particular purpose
4. Pneumatic, n. – containing or operated by air or gas under pressure
5. Hydraulic, n. – containing or operated by liquid under pressure
6. Layout, n. – the process of setting out material in a work
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References:
Dep-Ed, Competency-Based Learning Material – SMAW NC-1, 2008
MARIO MACAPOBRE
Teacher III
Toledo National Vocational School
Ilihan, Toledo City
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Republic of the Philippines

TVE (SMAW) – Grade 8

Basic Hand Tools

 Use of Hand Tools and Equipment

Address: D. Macapagal Highway, Poblacion, Toledo City

PRE-ASSESSMENT (What I Know)

LESSON PROPER 1. REVIEW (What’s in?)

LESSON PROPER 2. ACTIVITY (What’s new?)

LESSON PROPER 3. DISCUSSION (What is it?)

e. Half-round File is used for filing curved or concave surfaces.

10. Steel Tape

LESSON PROPER 4. MINI LESSON

LESSON PROPER 5. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY (What’s more?)

LESSON PROPER 6. GENERALIZATION (What have I learned?)

LESSON PROPER 7. VALUING (What have I valued?)

LESSON PROPER 8. APPLICATION (What can I do?)

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