1.alternate Visions For Cities: - Arcosanti (Paolo Soleri)
1.alternate Visions For Cities: - Arcosanti (Paolo Soleri)
1.alternate Visions For Cities: - Arcosanti (Paolo Soleri)
Arcosanti is officially listed as a town in Arizona and even has its exit from
the interstate highway through a journey down a dirt road that is still
required to get to the site. It has residential housing and guest units as well
as a campground and a swimming pool. There are offices for planning,
information, and administration, educational classrooms and conference
spaces, and a greenhouse, gardens, and olive orchards. Arcosanti has a
restaurant and community café in the same Crafts III building as the visitor
center and the gallery that sells Soleri wind bells which are produced in a
bronze foundry and ceramics studio on site. There are also many cultural
and artistic events in various public performance spaces, including a public
area under the Vaults, and the Colly Soleri Music Center, which contains an
amphitheater, stage, and smaller music center lounge. Access to nature is
immediately available with hiking trails and riverbeds just off the mesa that
Arcosanti is located on since the site is surrounded by approximately four
thousand acres of undeveloped land.
Arcosanti is designed to contain homes, offices, parks, and a cultural center
and has a mixture of uses so that people work, live, play, and learn in
spaces adjacent to each other. Yet despite these various facilities Arcosanti
could not yet be considered the urban area it aspires to be but is rather
more like a village. There is not yet the complexity or range of services or
the economic and social opportunities found in an existing city, nor is there
extensive ethnic or class diversity. Arcosanti houses a community that is
usually between 50 to 100 people composed of residents, workshop
participants, and visitors. Residents are primarily people who took a
workshop and then decided to stay on for a while to continue to live at
Arcosanti and work on building a sustainable Arcology.
New Urbanism is an urban planning and design movement that began in the United States in the early 1980s. Its goals
are to reduce dependence on the car, and to create livable and walkable, neighborhoods with a densely packed array of
housing, jobs and commercial sites. New Urbanism also promotes a return to the traditional town planning seen in places
such as downtown Charleston, South Carolina and Georgetown in Washington, D.C. These locations are ideal for New
Urbanists because in each one there is an easily walkable "Main Street," a downtown park, shopping districts and a
gridded street system. New Urbanism is an urban design movement which promotes walkable neighborhoods containing
a range of housing and job types. It arose in the United States in the early 1980s, and has gradually reformed many
aspects of real estate development, urban planning, and municipal land-use strategies. New Urbanism is strongly
influenced by urban design standards that were prominent until the rise of the automobile in the mid-20th century; it
encompasses principles such as traditional neighborhood design (TND) and transit-oriented development (TOD).[1]It is
also closely related to regionalism, environmentalism and the broader concept of smart growth. The movement also
includes a more pedestrian-oriented variant known as New Pedestrianism, which has its origins in a 1929 planned
community in Radburn, New Jersey
TRAFFIC
Traffic is the number of vehicles moving along roads, or the amount of aircraft, trains, or ships moving along a route.
Traffic characteristics:
● Road user characteristics - Broadly Classified into four
▫ Physical Characteristics - Vision, hearing, strength and reaction to traffic situation
▫ Mental Characteristics - Knowledge, skill, intelligence, experience, literacy
▫ Psychological Characteristics - Emotional factors such asfear, anger, anxiety
▫ Environmental Factors - traffic stream conditions, atmospheric conditions, facilities to the traffic
locality etc.
● Vehicular characteristics-
▫ Dynamic Characteristics
▫ Static Characteristics
▫ Breaking Characteristics
TRANSPORT
The process of moving an item from point A to point B.
Safe, efficient, reliable, and sustainable movement of persons and goods over time and space.
TRIP
A single movement from Origin to Destination for a particular purpose is called a Trip. People travel to reach their
activities at different destinations.
DESTINATION
The place where someone is going or where something is being sent or taken.
Destination of a trip is defined as the place visited that is central to the decision to take the trip.
DEMAND
Demand refers to the willingness and ability of consumers to purchase a given quantity of a good or service at a given
point in time or over a period in time.In economics, demand is formally defined as ‘effective’ demand meaning that it is
a consumer want or a need supported by an ability to pay – namely a budget derived from disposable income. Income
provides individuals with a purchasing power which they exercise in a market through effective demand.
Road Transport :
Advantages of Road transport
● It is a relatively cheaper mode of transport as compared to other modes.
● Perishable goods can be transported at a faster speed by road carriers over a short distance.
● It is a flexible mode of transport as loading and unloading is possible at any destination.
● It provides door-to-door service.
● It helps people to travel and carry goods from one place to another, in places which are not connected by
other means of transport like hilly areas.
Limitations of Road transport
● Due to limited carrying capacity road transport is not economical for long distance transportation of goods.
● Transportation of heavy goods or goods in bulk by road involves high cost.
Water Transport
Advantages of Water Transport
● It is a relatively economical mode of transport for bulky and heavy goods.
● It is a safe mode of transport with respect to occurrence of accidents.
● The cost of maintaining and constructing routes is very low most of them are naturally made.
● It promotes international trade.
Disadvantages of Water Transport
● The depth and navigability of rivers and canals vary and thus, affect operations of different transport vessels.
● It is a slow moving mode of transport and therefore not suitable for transport of perishable goods.
● It is adversely affected by weather conditions.
● Sea transport requires large investment on ships and their maintenance.
Air Transport:
Advantages of Air Transport:
● It is the fastest mode of transport.
● It is very useful in transporting goods and passengers to the area, which are not accessible by any other
means.
● It is the most convenient mode of transport during natural calamities.
● It provides vital support to the national security and defence
Disadvantages of Air Transport:
● It is relatively more expensive mode of transport.
● It is not suitable for transporting heavy and bulky goods.
● It is affected by adverse weather conditions.
● It is not suitable for short distance travel.
● In case of accidents, it results in heavy losses of goods, property and life.
c.Classification of Roads
The classification of roads is mostly based on following conditions :
● According to traffic.
● According to transported tonnage.
● According to Importance.
● According to location and function.
The classification of roads based on traffic volume or tonnage have been arbitrarily fixed by different agencies and
there may not be a common agreement regarding the limits for each of classification group.
References:
1.https://www.slideshare.net/akshathanandh/paolo-soleri-and-the-cities-of-the-future
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316557549_Arcology_Arcosanti_and_the_Green_Urbanism_Vision
2. https://www.slideshare.net/amitpokhrel2/presentation-of-urban-design-1
3. https://civilengineeringnotes.com/classification-of-roads/
https://www.slideshare.net/Dhwani7887/traffic-transportation-surveys