Te ch02

Resou rce Options • Resou rce Options • Resou rce Options • Resou rce
chapter
2 Inequalities
Section 2A Section 2B
Simple Inequalities Multi-Step and Compound Inequalities
2-1 Graphing and Writing Inequalities 2-4 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Inequalities
2-2 Solving Inequalities by Adding or Subtracting 2-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides
2-3 Solving Inequalities by Multiplying or Dividing Algebra Lab Truth Tables and Compound Statements
2-6 Solving Compound Inequalities
Connecting Algebra to Geometry Triangle Inequality
2-7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities
Pacing Guide for 45-Minute Classes Calendar Planner®
Chapter 2
DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 DAY 4 DAY 5
2-1 Lesson 2-2 Lesson 2-3 Lesson Multi-Step Test Prep 2-4 Lesson
Ready to Go On?
2-5 Lesson Hands-On Lab 2-6 Lesson 2-6 Lesson 2-7 Lesson
2-6 Lesson Connecting Algebra
to Geometry
DAY 11 DAY 12 Day 13 Day 13
2-7 Lesson Multi-Step Test Prep Chapter Review Chapter Test
Ready to Go On?
Pacing Guide for 90-Minute Classes Calendar Planner®
Chapter 2
2-1 Lesson 2-3 Lesson 2-4 Lesson Hands-On Lab 2-6 Lesson
2-2 Lesson Multi-Step Test Prep 2-5 Lesson 2-6 Lesson Connecting Algebra to
Ready to Go On? Geometry
2-7 Lesson
DAY 6 DAY 7
2-7 Lesson Chapter Review
Multi-Step Test Prep Chapter Test
Ready to Go On?
96A Chapter 2
e Options • Resou rce Options • Resou rce Options • Resou rce Options
DIAGNOSE PRESCRIBE
Assess Before the Chapter

Prior Diagnose readiness for the chapter. Prescribe intervention.
Knowledge Are You Ready? SE Are You Ready? Intervention
Before Every Lesson

Diagnose readiness for the lesson. Prescribe intervention.
Warm Up TE Reteach CRB
During Every Lesson

Diagnose understanding of lesson concepts. Prescribe intervention.
Check It Out! SE Reading Strategies CRB
Questioning Strategies TE Success for Every Learner
Think and Discuss SE Lesson Tutorial Videos
Write About It SE
Journal TE
After Every Lesson

Diagnose mastery of lesson concepts. Prescribe intervention.
Formative Lesson Quiz TE Reteach CRB
Assessment Test Prep SE Test Prep Doctor TE
ExamViewTM Assessment Suite Homework Help Online
Before Chapter Testing

Diagnose mastery of concepts in chapter. Prescribe intervention.
Ready to Go On? SE Ready to Go On? Intervention

Multi-Step Test Prep SE Scaffolding Questions TE
Section Quizzes AR Reteach CRB
ExamViewTM Assessment Suite Lesson Tutorial Videos
Before High Stakes Testing

Diagnose mastery of benchmark concepts. Prescribe intervention.
College Entrance Exam Practice SE College Entrance Exam Practice
Standardized Test Prep SE

After the Chapter

Check mastery of chapter concepts. Prescribe intervention.
Multiple-Choice Tests (Forms A, B, C) Reteach CRB
Summative Free-Response Tests (Forms A, B, C) Lesson Tutorial Videos
Assessment Performance Assessment AR
Cumulative Test AR
ExamViewTM Assessment Suite
KEY: SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher’s Edition CRB = Chapter Resource Book AR = Assessment Resources Available online 96B
chapter
2 Lesson Resources
Before the Lesson Practice the Lesson

Prepare Teacher One Stop Practice Chapter Resources
• Editable lesson plans • Practice A, B, C
• Calendar Planner Practice and Problem Solving Workbook
• Easy access to all chapter resources
IDEA Works!® Modified Worksheets and Tests
Lesson Transparencies
• Teacher Tools ExamViewTM Assessment Suite
Homework Help Online
Online Interactivities
Teach the Lesson
Interactive Online Edition
Introduce Alternate Openers: Explorations • Homework Help
Lesson Transparencies Apply Chapter Resources
• Warm Up • Problem Solving
• Problem of the Day
Practice and Problem Solving Workbook
Teach Lesson Transparencies Interactive Online Edition
• Teaching Transparencies • Chapter Project
Know-It NotebookTM
• Vocabulary Project Teacher Support
• Key Concepts
Power Presentations After the Lesson
Lesson Tutorial Videos Reteach Chapter Resources
• Reteach
Interactive Online Edition
• Lesson Activities • Reading Strategies ELL
• Lesson Tutorial Videos Success for Every Learner
Lab Activities
Review Interactive Answers and Solutions
Lab Resources Online Solutions Key
Online Interactivities Know-It NotebookTM
• Big Ideas
TechKeys • Chapter Review
Extend Chapter Resources

• Challenge
Technology Highlights for the Teacher

Power Presentations Teacher One Stop Interactive Online Edition
Dynamic presentations to engage students. Easy access to the chapter resources and This chapter includes Tutorial Videos, Lesson
Complete PowerPoint® presentations for assessments. Includes lesson planning Activities, Lesson Quizzes, Homework Help,
every lesson in this chapter. software. and Chapter Project.
KEY: SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher’s Edition ELL English Language Learners Spanish version available Available online
96C Chapter 2
chapter
Reaching All Learners 2

Teaching tips to help all learners appear throughout the chapter. A few that target specific students are included in the lists below.
All Learners On-Level Learners

Lab Activities Practice B.............................................................................. CRB
Practice and Problem Solving Workbook Problem Solving................................................................... CRB
Know-It Notebook Vocabulary Connections. ........................................................SE
Questioning Strategies............................................................TE
Special Needs Students Ready to Go On? Intervention
Practice A.............................................................................. CRB Know-It Notebook
Reteach................................................................................. CRB Homework Help Online
Reading Strategies. .............................................................. CRB Online Interactivities
Are You Ready?.......................................................................SE
Inclusion. .................................................................................TE Advanced Learners
IDEA Works!® Modified Worksheets and Tests Practice C.............................................................................. CRB
Ready to Go On? Intervention Challenge.............................................................................. CRB
Know-It Notebook Challenge Exercises ................................................................SE
Online Interactivities Reading and Writing Math Extend..........................................TE
Lesson Tutorial Videos Critical Thinking......................................................................TE
Are You Ready? Enrichment
Developing Learners
Ready To Go On? Enrichment English
Practice A.............................................................................. CRB Language
Reteach................................................................................. CRB English Language Learners Learners
Reading Strategies. .............................................................. CRB Reading Strategies. .............................................................. CRB
Are You Ready?.......................................................................SE Are You Ready? Vocabulary....................................................SE
Vocabulary Connections. ........................................................SE Vocabulary Connections. ........................................................SE
Questioning Strategies............................................................TE Vocabulary Review..................................................................SE
Ready to Go On? Intervention English Language Learners.....................................................TE
Know-It Notebook Success for Every Learner
Homework Help Online Know-It Notebook
Online Interactivities Multilingual Glossary
Lesson Tutorial Videos Lesson Tutorial Videos
Technology Highlights for Reaching All Learners

Lesson Tutorial Videos Multilingual Glossary Online Interactivities
Starring Holt authors Ed Burger and Freddie Searchable glossary includes definitions Interactive tutorials provide visually engaging
Renfro! Live tutorials to support every in English, Spanish, Vietnamese, Chinese, alternative opportunities to learn concepts and
lesson in this chapter. Hmong, Korean, and other languages. master skills.
KEY: SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher’s Edition CRB = Chapter Resource Book Spanish version available Available online
96D
chapter
2 Ongoing Assessment
Assessing Prior Knowledge Lesson Assessment

Determine whether students have the prerequisite concepts Provide formative assessment for each lesson of the chapter.
and skills for success in the chapter.
Questioning Strategies............................................................TE
Are You Ready?.......................................................................SE Think and Discuss. ..................................................................SE
Warm Up . ...............................................................................TE Check It Out! Exercises............................................................SE
Write About It. ........................................................................SE
Test Preparation Journal.....................................................................................TE
Provide review and practice for the chapter and standardized Lesson Quiz . ...........................................................................TE
tests. Alternative Assessment...........................................................TE
Multi-Step Test Prep................................................................SE IDEA Works!® Modified Worksheets and Tests
Study Guide: Review...............................................................SE
Test Tackler..............................................................................SE Weekly Assessment
Standardized Test Prep...........................................................SE Provide formative assessment for each section of the chapter.
College Entrance Exam Practice..............................................SE
Multi-Step Test Prep................................................................SE
Countdown to Mastery ...................................................SE Ready to Go On? . ...................................................................SE
IDEA Works!® Modified Worksheets and Tests Section Quizzes . .................................................................... AR
Alternative Assessment
Assess students’ understanding of the chapter concepts Chapter Assessment
and combined problem-solving skills.
Provide summative assessment of the chapter mastery.
Chapter Project. ......................................................................SE
Chapter Test.............................................................................SE
Alternative Assessment...........................................................TE
Chapter Test (Levels A, B, C).................................................. AR
Performance Assessment ...................................................... AR • Multiple Choice • Free Response
Portfolio Assessment . ........................................................... AR Cumulative Test...................................................................... AR
IDEA Works!® Modified Worksheets and Tests
Technology Highlights for Assessment

Use the chapter problem banks to create
assessments and worksheets to print out or
deliver online. Includes dynamic problems.
KEY: SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher’s Edition AR = Assessment Resources Spanish version available Available online
96E Chapter 2
chapter
Formal Assessment 2
Three levels (A, B, C) of multiple-choice and free-response chapter tests, along
with a performance assessment, are available in the Assessment Resources.
A Chapter Test A Chapter Test
C Chapter Test C Chapter Test
Multiple Choice FREE RESPONSE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT

Class __________________ Name ________________________________________
Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________
Date ___________________ Class __________________
Class __________________ Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class __________________ Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class __________________
B Chapter
Chapter
2
Test
Inequalities
Inequalities
Chapter Chapter Test
Test Form B Form A continued
B Chapter
Inequalities Test
Chapter
2
Chapter Test Form B
Chapter
2
Test
Inequalities
Chapter
Performance Assessment Teacher Support

Select the12. A math teacher has budgeted $400 7. Solve 18. 1 Grocery Store Game
nd inequality best answer. m − Natalie
1.5 ≤ 4.and her sister opened savings 1. Describe the solutions of x ≥ 2 in 7. a −
1
>5
3
for solutions
the purchase ofnnew 3 Purpose
1. Describe the of 4 ≤ + 2 calculators for A m ≤ −2.5accounts at the same time. Natalie
C m ≤ 5.5 4 4
in words. the school. The calculators cost $70 deposited $100 and will deposit $10 words. This performance task assesses the student’s ability to write and solve
each. What are the possible numbers of B m ≥ −2.5 each month.D m ≥ 5.5
Her sister deposited $25 ________________________________________ compound inequalities, specifically intersections.
A all real numbers greater than 4 _________________________________________
calculators the math teacher can buy? and willhas
8. Which inequality deposit $25 each month. When
the solutions Time
sents the solutions of B all real numbers greater than or will Natalie have less money in her
shown below?
equal to_________________________________________
2 account than her sister?
_________________________________________ 8. −5 + b ≤ −19 30–45 minutes
5 > 7?
C allSolve each inequality.
real numbers less than 2 Graph each inequality. ________________________________________ Grouping
D all13.
real6tnumbers F p ≥ 7 ________________________________________
H 5>p−2 2. k ≤ −1 Individuals or partners
− 6 > 18less than or
equal to 4 G 5 Solve
< p − 2 each compound
J p≤7 inequality and
9. A store manager is accepting applications Preparation Hints
2. Which graph 9. Mike isgraph
_________________________________________
represents k < −1? the solutions.
on a cross-country trip and 1 for part-time workers. He can hire no
2 3. w > 2 Review the two types of compound inequalities, intersections and unions,
F 14. −2(x − 5) ≤ 4 wants 19. −8 ≤atx least
to drive − 11 <450
−5 miles per day. more than 14 people. So far, he has hired
2 and remind students of some of the application problems where
So far today, he has driven 175 miles. 9 people. Write and solve an inequality to intersections were used to find an unknown value in a given range.
_________________________________________
G Which inequality can be solved to show determine how many more people the
nequality is shown by of miles m that Mike must
15. A principal is choosing between two fieldthe number________________________________________ 4. Write the inequality shown by the manager can hire. Overview
H trips. The first costs $600. The second drive to meet
20. a − his
6 <daily
−4 ORgoal?
a−1>5 graph. This task uses a game from a popular TV show in which contestants try to
costs $240 plus $40 per student. For A 175 + m < 450 C 175 + m > 450 ________________________________________
buy between $20 and $21 of grocery-store items. Compound inequalities
J what number of students is the first trip are used to figure out prices and quantities that would meet the target
B 175 + m ≤ 450 D 175 + m ≥ 450 ________________________________________
8 less expensive? ________________________________________ criteria. Students also use number sense to round appropriately and find
3. Which graph represents b ≥ 5? 10. Solve −28 < 4y. _________________________________________
21. Write the compound inequality shown by ________________________________________ values within the range of the inequality that meet given conditions.
A _________________________________________F y < −7 H y<7 5. Citizens less than 18 years old are
he solution of the graph. not allowed to vote. Define a variable Introduce the Task
Solve each inequality. G y > −7 J y>7 Solve each inequality.
B and write an inequality for the ages of Ask students if they have ever seen the Grocery Game on The Price is
16. 2y + 6 ≤ 2(y + 7) 10. −4x < −64
d citizens who are not allowed to vote. Right. If students are familiar with the games on The Price is Right, ask
<4 11. Solve ≥ 8.
C 2 ________________________________________ ________________________________________ what other games could be described by inequalities. Examples include
<4 _________________________________________ _________________________________________
A d≥4 C d ≥ 16 Cliff Hangers (the sum of differences between guessed prices and actual
he solution of D 1 2 Solve each absolute-value inequality. 4
17. −10 + y > 11. h ≥ −2 prices must be less than $25), the Range Game (the actual price must be
3 3 B d≤4 D d ≤ 16 _________________________________________ 5
22. x − 8 < −4 in a range of $600), and Shopping Spree (the sum of three out of four
4. Which inequality is shown by the graph 12. Cookies are sold in the lunchroom for Solve each inequality and graph the prizes must be greater than a target price).
−18 below? ________________________________________
_________________________________________
$1.50. Ana wants to buy cookies for a ________________________________________ solutions.
−18 group of her friends. If she has $20, Performance Indicators
x − 6can
> −2be solved to show 6. 5 < x + 31
> 18 which 23.
inequality _____ Writes compound inequalities.
F x > −3 H x < −3 the number of cookies c she can buy?
< −18 _________________________________________ _____ Solves compound inequalities.
G x ≥ −3 J x ≤ −3 ________________________________________
F 1.50c < 20 H 1.50c > 20
_____ Explains how to round values given the context of the problem.
5. Which inequality represents the situation G 1.50c ≤ 20 J 1.50c ≥ 20
“no more than 160 students are in the _____ Explains how to graph points and/or inequalities on a number line.
13. Solve −4(x − 1) < 12.
freshman class”? _____ Identifies whole-number or decimal values that satisfy conditions.
A x > −2 C x > −3
A s > 160 C s < 160 Scoring Rubric
B x < −2 D x < −3
B s ≥ 160 D s ≤ 160 Level 4: Student solves problems correctly and gives good explanations.
6. Solve x + 7 > 2. Level 3: Student solves problems but does not give satisfactory
F x > −5 H x>5 explanations.
G x < −5 J x<5 Level 2: Student solves some problems but does not give satisfactory
explanations.
Level 1: Student is not able to solve any of the problems.
of the instructor. Original content Original

Copyrightcontent Copyright
© by Holt © by Additions
McDougal. Holt McDougal. Additions
and changes andoriginal
to the changes to the are
content original content are the
the responsibility responsibility
of the instructor.of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt McDougal Algebra 1 29 Holt

Holt McDougal McDougal
Algebra 1 Algebra 1 35 Holt McDougal Algebra 1 39 Holt McDougal Algebra 1
B Chapter Test
Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class __________________ B Chapter Test
Name ________________________________________
Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________
Date ___________________ Class __________________
Class __________________ Chapter Test Name ________________________________________
Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________
Date ___________________ Class __________________
Class __________________
Inequalities
(continued)
Inequalities
Inequalities
(continued) (continued)
Inequalities
Inequalities
CS10_A1_MEAR710303_C02FRT.indd
Chapter35 3/26/11 4:19:27 AM CS10_A1_MEAR710303_C02PA.indd 39 3/26/11 4:35:42 AM
Chapter29
CS10_A1_MEAR710303_C02MCCT.indd 3/26/11 4:20:12 AM
Chapter
2 2 2
Chapter Test Form B continued ChapterChapter Test
Test Form C Form B continued Chapter
Performance Test Form C
Assessment
3
14. Solve 2 − a > −3(2 − 6). 20. Which graph represents the solutions of Select the
12.best answer.
A designer is creating shirts that each6. Solve 18. Perfect
x + 0.25 Pipes charges $120 plus $40 an
> −8. Game the solutions of (2 − 5) ≤ t
1. Describe
Grocery Store 2
2
7. 1 < −4 + y
−1 + r > 3 OR r + 5 < 2? have
1. Describe the 12 buttons.
solutions of |2 She
− 5| bought
≥n a container hour to make plumbing repairs. No Leaks in words.
Justin is a lucky guy! He has a chance to win a trip on the TV game 3 show
F a < −6 H a < −4 F x > −8.25 H x > −7.75
F in words. of 115 buttons and plenty of fabric. What Here charges $50 plus $60 an hour. For You Can Price Like a Pro. All he has to do is win the Grocery Store Game.
G a > −6 J a > −4 are the possible numbers of shirts she G x < −8.25 x < −7.75
how many Jhours is Perfect Pipes less _________________________________________ ________________________________________
A all real numbers less than or In this game, Justin is shown six grocery-store items without being shown
15. John is considering accepting one of two G can make? 7. Solve 3.3 expensive
≤ m − 4. than No Leaks Here? the prices. He _________________________________________
must buy multiples of items until he has a total between $20
equal to −3
sales positions. ABC Company offers a and $21 inclusive. If he doesn’t reach $20 with his first item, he
B all real_________________________________________
numbers greater than or
A m ≤ −0.7 C m ≤ 7.3
________________________________________ 8. continues
f + 4.5 ≥ |−3.5|
yearly salary of $45,000. XYZ Company H Graph
buying items and each
addinginequality.
to his total, until he either wins or goes over $21.
offers a yearly salary of $38,000 plus equal to −3 B m ≥ −0.7 D m ≥ 7.3
Solve each inequality. Solve each compound inequality and 1. Justin begins by 1buying six bottles of hand lotion. ________________________________________
a 2% annual commission on sales. For J C all real numbers less than or 8. Which inequality has the solutions 2. b ≤ −4
x−3 graph the solutions. 2
what amount of sales s is the salary at equal
13. to 3 ≤ 8 shown below? a. Write a compound inequality to find the range
XYZ Company greater than the salary at 21. Which compound inequality is shown by −7 19. −8 ≤ c + 5 < −1 of prices for one bottle of lotion that would 9. During the track season, Larry tries to
D all real numbers greater than or
ABC Company? the graph below? make Justin win instantly. drink at least 8 cups of water each day.
___________________________________
equal _________________________________________
to 3 ________________________________________ 3. w > − 36
A s > 7000 C s > 70,000 2
F 4>d+7 H 9+d>6 b. Solve the compound inequality. Round each So far today, he drank a 24-ounce bottle
2. Which14.graph represents2 m < −2 ?
−12 + 3x − 3 < 18 G d − 8 < −5 J 2 < −1 + d answer to the hundredths place. of water. Write and solve an inequality
___________________________________
B s > 35,000 D s > 350,000 A x ≥ −3 AND x > 3 F to determine how many more ounces of
20. −a + 8 < −2 OR −3a > −9 c. In 4. Write
your workthe
forinequality shown
part b, you by have
should the graph.
gotten a repeating decimal.�
16. Solve 3(1 + h) ≤ 3h + 9. 9. The
_________________________________________ maximum capacity of a theater
B x ≥ −3 AND x < 3 water Larry must drink to fulfill his daily
is 471 people. So far, 254 people are Explain how you decided whether to round this number up or down.
F h≤1 H no solutions G 15. One salesperson earns $1600 per month. ________________________________________ goal. (Hint: 1 c = 8 oz)
C x ≥ −3 OR x > 3 seated in the theater. Which inequality
A second salesperson earns $500 plus ____________________________________________________________________________________
G h≤2 J all real numbers D x ≥ −3 OR x < 3 H can be solved to show the number of _________________________________________ ________________________________________
5% of their sales per month. For what
3 1 people21. Write
p that thestill
can compound
enter theinequality
theater? shown by d. Explain how you would graph the solutions in part b on a number line.
17. Solve s ≥ s + 8. 22. Which represents the solution of amount of sales would the second 5. It is not safe to walk on ice if it is less
4 4 2x − 5 < −1? J salesperson earn more than the first? A 254 +the
p <graph.
471 C 254 + p > 471 than 4 inches thick. Define a variable
________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
A s≥4 C s ≥ 12 B 254 + p ≤ 471 D 254 + p ≥ 471 and write an inequality for thickness of Solve each inequality.
F x > −2 OR x < 2 3. Which graph represents
_________________________________________ 2. One bottle of lotion actually costs $2.99. That gives Justin a running total �
ice on which it is safe to walk. Graph the
B s≥8 D s ≥ 16 G x < −2 OR x > 2 y ≥ 100 − 64 ? 10. Solve −4 < −3y. of $17.94. He now considers buying packages of gum. 10. 20 > −40x
Solve each inequality.
________________________________________ solutions.
18. Jasmine and her sister are saving to A 3 4 a. Justin guesses that one package of gum costs �
H x > −2 AND x < 2 <
F y Solve H y< ________________________________________
buy MP3 players. Jasmine has $50 and 16. −3(x − 1) > −3x − 2 4 each absolute-value
3 inequality. $0.50._________________________________________
Write a compound inequality to find how
plans to save $10 per week. Her sister J x > 2 AND x < −2 B 22. 3 x − 10 < −4 many packages he should buy. 7d
___________________________________
3 4 11. ≥ −35
has $80 and plans to save $7 per week. 23. Which represents the solution of _________________________________________G y> J y> _________________________________________ 9
4 3 b. Solve your compound inequality from part a.�
In how many weeks will Jasmine have 3 x +3 > 12? C 4 1 ________________________________________
17. x+ ≤ −1 Write your answer as a compound inequality. ___________________________________
________________________________________
more money saved than her sister? 5 3 2
A x > 3 OR x < −3 D + 3 > 18
11. Solve 23.d2≥ x−18. c. Justin
Solvecaneachonlyinequality
buy whole packages
and graph of gum.
the
F 2 weeks H 10 weeks 3
B x < 3 OR x > −3 _________________________________________
Assuming
solutions. each package actually costs $0.50,
G 4 weeks J 11 weeks 4. Which inequality is shown by the graph A d ≥ −27 C d ≥ −12
________________________________________ how many could he buy to win the game? ___________________________________
C x > −3 AND x > 3 below? 6. 21 + x ≤ 21
19. Solve the compound inequality B d ≤ −27 D d ≤ −12 3. Justin plays it safe and buys four packages of gum, and he wins!
D x > −3 AND x < −3
−2 ≤ m + 3 < 13. 12. Shares in stock of a new company are a. Write _________________________________________
a compound inequality to find the range
A −5 ≤ m < 10 selling for $3.75 per share. If an investor of actual prices for one package of gum. ___________________________________
F x > −4.5 H x > −3.5
has $800, which inequality can be
B −2 ≤ m < 13 G x ≥ −4.5 J x ≥ −3.5 b. Solve your compound inequality from part a.
solved to show the number of shares s he
C 1 ≤ m < 16 Don’t round your answers. ___________________________________
5. Which inequality represents the situation or she can buy?
D 6 ≤ m < 39 “no less than 16 people must register”? c. If the actual price of one package of gum ends�
F 3.75s < 800 H 800 < 3.75s
with a 9, what could the price have been? ___________________________________
A p > 16 C p < 16 G 3.75s ≤ 800 J 800 ≤ 3.75s
B p ≥ 16 D p ≤ 16
Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original contentOriginal
Copyrightcontent Copyright
© by Holt © by Holt
McDougal. McDougal.
Additions Additions
and changes to and changescontent
the original to the original
are the content are the
responsibility of responsibility
the instructor.of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
36 HoltAlgebra
McDougal
1 Algebra 1 HoltAlgebra
McDougal
30 Holt McDougal Algebra 1 Holt McDougal 40 Holt McDougal 1 Algebra 1
CS10_A1_MEAR710303_C02MCCT.indd 30 3/26/11 4:20:12 AM CS10_A1_MEAR710303_C02FRT.indd 36 3/26/11 4:19:27 AM

CS10_A1_MEAR710303_C02PA.indd 40 3/26/11 4:35:42 AM
96F
CHAPTER CHAPTER
Inequalities
Reason abstractly
and quantitatively. 2A Simple Inequalities
2-1 Graphing and Writing A.REI.3
Inequalities
SECTION 2A 2-2 Solving Inequalities by A.REI.3
Simple Inequalities Adding or Subtracting
2-3 Solving Inequalities by A.REI.3
Students write, Multiplying or Dividing
solve, and graph
inequalities to model 2B Multi-Step and
the cost of travel, Compound Inequalities
lodging, and entertainment while 2-4 Solving Two-Step and A.REI.3
on a vacation. Multi-Step Inequalities
2-5 Solving Inequalities with A.REI.3
Variables on Both Sides
SECTION 2B
Lab Truth Tables and Compound
Multi-Step and
A.REI.3
Statements
Compound Inequalities 2-6 Solving Compound A.REI.3
Inequalities
Students write,
2-7 Solving Absolute-Value A.REI.3
solve, and graph Inequalities
inequalities to
determine the costs
associated with recording a CD at a
studio.
• Solve multi-step inequalities.
• Write and solve inequalities to solve
problems.
For a Good Cause

You can use the concepts in this
chapter to plan for a fund-raising
event. Inequalities help you determine
how to reach your fund-raising goals.
Chapter Project Online

▼
Interactivities Online
Sam Dudgeon/HMH
96 Chapter 2
Lesson Tutorials Online

Chapter Project Project Resources
A project for this chapter is available online.
CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02CO.indd 96 All project resources for teachers and 4027011 11:11:04 A
students are provided online.
Chapter Project Online
Lesson Tutorial Videos are

available for EVERY example.
96 Chapter 2
chapter
Vocabulary
2
Match each term on the left with a definition on the right.
1. equation B
Organizer
A. mathematical phrase that contains operations, numbers, and/
or variables
2. evaluate E
B. mathematical statement that two expressions are equivalent
3. inverse operations F
C. value of a variable that makes a statement true
Objective: Assess students’
4. like terms D understanding of prerequisite skills.
D. terms that contain the same variables raised to the same powers
5. solution of an
equation C E. to find the value of an expression
F. operations that undo each other
Assessing Prior
Evaluate Expressions Knowledge
Evaluate each expression for a = 2 and b = 6. Intervention
6. b - a 4 7. ab 12 8. b ÷ a 3 9. a + b 8
Diagnose and Prescribe
Use this page to determine
Compare and Order Real Numbers whether intervention is neces-
Compare. Write <, >, or =. sary or whether enrichment is
10. 10 < 21 11. 5.27 > 5.23 12. 20% = 0.2 1 < _
13. _ 2 appropriate.
3 5
Resources
Combine Like Terms Are You Ready?
Simplify each expression by combining like terms. Intervention and
14. 6x + x 7x 15. -8a + 3a -5a Enrichment Worksheets
16. 9x 2 - 15x 2 -6x 2 17. 2.1x + 4.3x 6.4x
Ready to Go On? Online
Distributive Property
Simplify each expression.
18. 2(x + 3) 2x + 6 19. (3 - d) 5 15 - 5d
20. 4(r - 1) 4r - 4 21. 3 (4 + m) 12 + 3m
Solve One-Step Equations

Solve.
22. s - 3 = 8 11 h =6
25. _
23. -7x = 21 -3 24. y + 11 = 2 -9 12
2
y
26. t + 2 = -2 -4 27. 6x = 42 7 28. r - 8 = -13 -5 29. _ = -12 -36
3
Inequalities 97
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02AR.indd 97
NO 2/4/11 11:37:36 PM
yes
Intervene Diagnose and Prescribe enrich
Are You Ready? Intervention, Chapter 2

Prerequisite Skill Worksheets Online Are You Ready?
Enrichment, Chapter 2
Evaluate Expressions Skill 60 Activity 60
Worksheets
Compare and Order Real Numbers Skill 16 Activity 16 Online
Diagnose and
Combine Like Terms Skill 57 Activity 57
Prescribe Online
Distributive Property Skill 56 Activity 56
Solve One-Step Equations Skill 68 Activity 68
Are You Ready? 97

CHAPTER
CHAPTER
Study Guide:
2 Preview
Organizer Key
Vocabulary/Vocabulario
Objective: Help students Previously, you
organize the new concepts they compound inequality desigualdad compuesta
will learn in this chapter.
• learned the properties of
equality. inequality desigualdad
• solved equations by using intersection intersección
Online Edition inverse operations.
solución de una
Multilingual Glossary • solved equations with solution of an inequality
desigualdad
variables on both sides.
union unión
Resources
Multilingual Glossary Vocabulary Connections
To become familiar with some of the
You will study
vocabulary terms in the chapter, consider
Possible answers to • the properties of inequality. the following. You may refer to the chapter,
Vocabulary Connections • how to solve inequalities by the glossary, or a dictionary if you like.
using inverse operations.
1. An inequality states that two 1. The prefix in- means “not.” An equality
• how to solve inequalities with states that two things are equal. Use
things are not equal. variables on both sides. these meanings to write your own
2. A compound inequality is made • how to solve compound definition for the word inequality .
of two or more simple inequalities.
2. The word compound means “consisting
inequalities. of two or more parts.” What do you think
3. The intersection of two graphs is a compound inequality might be?
the place where the two graphs 3. The intersection of two roads is the
overlap. place where the two roads overlap. What
4. Unite, unify, unit, unicycle, uni- do you think the intersection of two
form, universal; each word has You can use the skills in graphs would be?
the word one in its definition. this chapter 4. The word union begins with the root
• in all your future math uni-. List some other words that begin
classes, including Geometry. with uni-. What do all of these words
• in other classes, such as have in common?
Health, Chemistry, Physics,
and Economics.
• in the real world to plan a
budget, to find cost-efficient
services, and to set financial
goals.
98 Chapter 2
The Common Core Standards for Mathematical Practice describe varieties of expertise that
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02PV.indd 98 mathematics educators at all levels should seek to develop in their students. Opportunities to 2/17/11 4:11:02 AM
develop these practices are integrated throughout this program. Some examples are provided below.
1. Make sense of problems and persevere in solving 5. Use appropriate tools strategically. Pages 107, 113,
them. Pages 104–105, 107, 109–110, 115–116, 118, 133
123–124, 129–131, 138–139, 145–146, 148 6. Attend to precision. Pages 110, 117
2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively. Pages 110, 117, 7. Look for and make use of structure. Pages 101, 106,
132, 139–140, 146 111, 112, 113, 142, 143
3. Construct viable arguments and critique the 8. Look for and express regularity in repeated
reasoning of others. Pages 102, 104–105, 109, reasoning. Page 133
110–111, 114, 115–117, 122, 125, 129, 131–132, 137,
139–140, 145, 147
4. Model with mathematics. Pages 102, 103–104, 107,
108, 109, 114, 115, 122, 127, 134, 144
98 Chapter 2
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
2
Organizer
Study Strategy: Use Your Notes Effectively
Objective: Help students apply
Taking notes helps you arrange, organize, and process information from your strategies to understand and retain
textbook and class lectures. In addition to taking notes, you need to use your key concepts.
notes before and after class effectively.
Online Edition
on
10/3 Ap plic atio ns of Pr opo rti Study Strategy: Use
Step 1: Before Class Your Notes Effectively
s are sim ilar ?
• Review your notes How do I know if fig ure
from the last class. Discuss Notes are most helpful
pe, but maybe when they are well organized.
• Then preview the Sim ilar fig ure s— sam e sha Step 3: After Class
next lesson and not sam e siz e Students may wish to divide
• Fill in the holes you
write down any left during class.
their notebooks into sections for
ang les —s am e class notes, definitions, formulas,
questions you have. Co rre spo nd ing sides and • Highlight or circle
rel ative pos itio n. the most important homework, scrap work, review, etc.
ideas, such as Extend Abbreviations can be used
sides are pro por tio nal
Sim ilar fig ure s if cor r. vocabulary, when taking notes to save space
are sam e. formulas, or
Step 2: During Class and cor r. ang les and time. Some students use b/c for
• Write down main procedures.
because or s/t for sometimes. Ask
w fig ure s are sim . • Use your notes to
ideas. Use the sym bol ∼ to sho students to share other abbreviations
quiz yourself.
• If you miss something, they use.
leave a blank and B
keep taking notes. Fill E
AB = _BC = _AC
in any holes later. _ Answers to Try This
DE EF DF
• Use diagrams and
C m∠ A m∠ D 1–2. Check students’ work.
abbreviations. A
Make sure you will
m∠ B m∠ E
understand any
m∠ C m∠ F
F
abbreviations later. D
ABC ∼ DEF
Try This Reading

Connection
1. Look at the next lesson in your textbook. Write down some questions you have
Mathematical Mysteries
about the material in that lesson. Leave space between each question so that you
can write the answers during the next class. by Calvin C. Clawson
Humans began counting at least
2. Look at the notes you took during the last class. List three ways you can improve
35,000 years ago, according to
your note-taking skills.
this fascinating inquiry into the
wonder of numbers. Counting
and ordering numbers allowed
Inequalities 99 early humans to establish that
one set of objects was larger
than another, and the concept of
Standards for Mathematical Content High School inequality was born. The author’s
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02RW.indd 99 2/5/11 12:01:44 AMaccount of the first million years
CREATING EQUATIONS Create equations that describe numbers or relationships LESSON or so of numbers, plus chapters
CC.9-12.A.CED.1 Create equations and inequalities in one variable and use them to solve problems.* 2-3, 2-5, 2-7 on sequences and series, prime
numbers, and a host of other
REASONING WITH EQUATIONS AND INEQUALTIIES Solve equations and inequalities in one variable algebra-related topics make for
CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, entertaining and enlightening
by letters. 2-4, 2-5, Lab reading.
2-6, 2-6, 2-7
Activity Ask students to read,
Chapter 1 “Discovery of the
Number Sequence,” and then
to report on the significance
of a baboon thigh bone with
29 notches found in Africa’s
Lebembo Mountains.
Reading and Writing Math 99

section
2A Simple Inequalities
One-Minute Section Planner
Lesson Lab Resources Materials
Lesson 2-1 Graphing and Writing Inequalities

• Identify solutions of inequalities with one variable.
• Write and graph inequalities with one variable.
□
✔ SAT-10 □ ✔ NAEP □ ✔ ACT □ ✔ SAT □ ✔ SAT Subject Tests
Lesson 2-2 Solving Inequalities by Adding or Subtracting Algebra Lab Activities Optional
• Solve one-step inequalities by using addition. Algebra Lab index cards
• Solve one-step inequalities by using subtraction.
□
✔ SAT-10 □
✔ NAEP □
✔ ACT □
✔ SAT □
✔ SAT Subject Tests
Lesson 2-3 Solving Inequalities by Multiplying or Dividing Technology Lab Activities
• Solve one-step inequalities by using multiplication. Technology Lab
• Solve one-step inequalities by using division.
□
✔ SAT-10 □
✔ NAEP □
✔ ACT □
✔ SAT □
Note: If NAEP is checked, the content is tested on either the Grade 8 or Grade 12 NAEP assessment. MK Manipulatives Kit
Selected Answers in Student Edition
The answers to the following exercises are included in the Selected Answers section at the back of
the Student Edition textbook.
Lesson 1: 1, 3, 5, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 51, 53, 59, 61, 65
Lesson 2: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 35a, 35b, 35c, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45
Lesson 3: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51,
53, 57, 59, 67, 71, 73, 75
All answers for the Check it Out! exercises in each lesson and for the Chapter Study Guide: Review
are included in the Student Edition.
100A Chapter 2
Math Background
INEQUALITIES Consider the inequality a > b. By the Subtraction

Property of Inequality, a - a > b - a or, equivalently,
Lessons 2-1 to 2-2
0 > b - a. Applying the Subtraction Property of
One of the basic building blocks of mathematics is the
Inequality again shows that 0 - b > b - a - b or
Law of Trichotomy. This axiom says that given any two
-b > -a, which is the same as -a < -b. In other words,
real numbers, a and b, exactly one of the following is
when both sides of the inequality are multiplied by -1,
true:
the direction of the inequality is reversed. More gener-
a = b, a < b, or a > b.
ally, the direction of the inequality is reversed when
In the first case, a and b are related by an equality. In both sides of an inequality are multiplied or divided by
the second and third cases, a and b are related by an any negative number.
inequality.
TRANSFORMATIONS
To understand inequalities, it is necessary to under-
stand their connection to the real number line. For Lessons 2-5 to 2-6
example, the inequality -2 < 3, which states that We can use transformations to examine solutions of
-2 is less than 3, means that -2 is to the left of 3 on the inequalities. For example, compare the graph of x < 3
number line. with the graph of x - 2 < 3.
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
A solution of an algebraic inequality is any value of the

variable that makes the inequality true. Thus, the solu- -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
tion set of x < 3 contains every value on the number

line to the left of 3, since any of these values, when Notice that the graphs are identical except that the
substituted in the inequality, result in a true statement. graph of x - 2 < 3 has been shifted 2 units to the right.
This solution set, consisting of infinitely many elements, In general, the graph of x - a < k is the same as that of
can be shown as a ray on the number line. (The empty x < k, but shifted a units to the right (if a > 0) or ⎪a⎥
circle at 3 indicates that x = 3 is not a solution.) units to the left (if a < 0).
The coefficient of x represents the stretching or shrink-

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 ing of the graph. For example, the graph of
6x < 3 is shown below.
SOLVING INEQUALITIES __1
2
Lessons 2-3 to 2-4

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Solving an inequality in one variable is similar to
solving an equation in one variable. The goal is to As compared to the graph of x < 3, the ray is
isolate the variable on one side of the inequality by contracted toward the origin by a factor of 6.
writing a series of equivalent inequalities—that is, a Finally, the graph of -x < 3 is shown below.
series of inequalities with the same solution set.
The Addition and Subtraction Properties of Inequality -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5

are analogous to their counterparts for equations: the
same quantity may be added to or subtracted from
Comparing this to the graph of x < 3 shows that the
both sides of an inequality. For multiplication and
negative sign in front of x reflects the ray about the
division there is an important caveat.
origin.
100B
2-1 Organizer Graphing and Writing
2-1
Pacing: Traditional 1 day
Block __1 day
2
Inequalities
CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented by letters.
Objectives: Identify solutions of
inequalities in one variable. Objectives Who uses this?
Identify solutions of Members of a crew team can use inequalities
Write and graph inequalities in one inequalities in one to be sure they fall within a range of weights.
variable. variable.
(See Example 4.)
Write and graph
inequalities in one
Online Edition variable.
The athletes on a lightweight crew team must
Tutorial Videos, Interactivity weigh 165 pounds or less. The acceptable
weights for these athletes can be described
Vocabulary
using an inequality.
Countdown inequality
solution of an inequality An inequality is a statement that two
quantities are not equal. The quantities
are compared by using one of the
following signs:
Warm Up
Compare. Write <, >, or =.
AB A≤B A≥B A≠B
1. -3 < 2 2. 6.5 > 6.3
A is less A is greater A is less than A is greater A is not equal
1 3 1
3. _ > - _ 4. 0.25 = _ than B. than B. or equal to B. than or equal to B.
2 4 4 to B.
Tell whether the inequality
x < 5 is true or false for the
following values of x. A solution of an inequality is any value of the variable that makes the
inequality true.
5. x = -10 T 6. x = 5 F
1
7. x = 4.99 T 8. x = - _ T EXAMPLE 1 Identifying Solutions of Inequalities
5
Also available online Describe the solutions of 3 + x < 9 in words.
Test values of x that are positive, negative, and 0.
The solutions of the x -2.75 0 5.99 6 6.01 6.1

inequality in Example
3+x 0.25 3 8.99 9 9.01 9.1
1 can be written in
set-builder notation 3+x9 0.25 9 39 8.99 9 99 9.01 9 9.1 9
Q: Why did the Moore family name as {x | x < 6}, which Solution? Yes Yes Yes No No No
their son Lester? is read as “the set
of all real numbers
A: So he could be called either x such that x is less When the value of x is a number less than 6, the value of 3 + x is less than 9.
“Moore” or “Les.” than 6.” When the value of x is 6, the value of 3 + x is equal to 9.
When the value of x is a number greater than 6, the value of 3 + x is
greater than 9.
The solutions of 3 + x < 9 are numbers less than 6.
© Charles Crust
1. Describe the solutions of 2p > 8 in words.
all real numbers greater than 4
100 Chapter 2 Inequalities
CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equa- 1 Introduce

CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L01.indd 100 4027011 11:12:59 AM
tions and inequalities in one variable,
including equations with coefficients
Motivate
E X P L O R AT I O N
represented by letters. Graphing and Writing

Inequalities
You can use a number line to help you see relationships
Make some statements like “There are fewer
among numbers. than 30 students in this class” and “The tempera-
1. Plot the following numbers on the number line:
5, 6, 3.5, 0, 1.5, 2, 7.
ture will be at least 70 degrees tomorrow.” Ask
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 students what the phrases “fewer than” and “at
2. Which of the numbers that you plotted are greater than or
equal to 5? 5, 6, 3.5, 0, 1.5, 2
least” mean. Ask students for other phrases that
3. Name and plot three additional numbers that are greater than
indicate a comparison.
or equal to 5. Possible answer: 1, 4, 9
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Explorations and answers are provided in
4. Draw a ray connecting all the numbers that are greater than
or equal to 5. your online resources.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
State Resources Online THINK AND DISCUSS

5. Describe how the ray would be different if you plot and
connect numbers that are less than or equal to 5. The ray
would point in the opposite direction.
6. Explain how you could draw a ray to show all numbers that
are greater than or equal to 4__ 1. Plot 4_1, and then draw a ray that points
100 2 2
Chapter 2 to the right and has its endpoint at 4_
2
1.
An inequality like 3 + x < 9 has too many
"" Ê ,,",
solutions to list. You can use a graph on £ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä
a number line to show all the solutions. ,/
The solutions are shaded and an arrow shows that the solutions continue past those When students find that x = 6
shown on the graph. To show that an endpoint is a solution, draw a solid circle at the does not make the inequality in
number. To show that an endpoint is not a solution, draw an empty circle. Example 1 true, some students
believe the solution should be num-
Graphing Inequalities bers less than 5. Remind them of
WORDS ALGEBRA GRAPH the numbers between 5 and 6.
All real numbers less x<5

than 5 { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È
All real numbers greater x > -1 Additional Examples

than -1 { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È
All real numbers less 1

x≤_ Example 1
Ó £ÊÚÚ ÊÚÚ ÊÚÚ
than or equal to __
1 2
2 Ê£ÊÊÊ £ Ê£ÊÊÊ ä £
ÊÊÊÊ £ Describe the solutions of
Ó Ó Ó
All real numbers greater x≥0

x - 6 ≥ 4 in words. all real num-
than or equal to 0 { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È bers greater than or equal to 10
Example 2
Graph each inequality.
EXAMPLE 2 Graphing Inequalities
3
A. m ≥ _
4
A b < -1.5
Draw an empty circle at -1.5. -__14 0 __1 __2 __3
4 4 4
1 1__14
£°x
Shade all the numbers less than
{ Î Ó £ -1.5 and draw an arrow B. t < 5(-1 + 3)
ä £
pointing to the left.
B r≥2 Draw a solid circle at 2. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Shade all the numbers greater than
{ Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È 2 and draw an arrow pointing to Also available online
the right.

2a. c > 2.5 2b. 2 2 - 4 ≥ w 2c. m ≤ -3 INTERVENTION
Questioning
Strategies
Questioning Strategies
2a. 2b. 2c.
2.5 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
2 3 3.5 4
EX AM P LE 1
Graphing Inequalities • Why is it important to test values
for the variable that are positive,
To know which direction to shade a graph, I write inequalities with the variable negative, and zero?
on the left side of the inequality symbol. I know that the symbol has to point
to the same number after I rewrite the inequality. EX AM P LE 2
For example, I write 4 < y as y > 4. • How do you decide which way to
Now the inequality symbol points shade the graph?
in the direction that I should draw
Digital Vision/gettyimages
£ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä
Victor Solomos
Palmer High School
the shaded arrow on my graph. Communicating Math
Some people refer to a
solid circle as “closed”
and an empty circle as “open.”
2- 1 Graphing and Writing Inequalities 101
Geometry A ray is a part
of a line that extends
2 Teach tion from
indefinitely in one direc-
an endpoint. Many of the
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L01.indd 101
AM 2/4/11 11:42:51 PM
graphs in these exercises are rays.
Guided Instruction
Review the inequality symbols before iden- Through Cognitive Strategies
tifying solutions of inequalities. Focus on Use the DISC method to graph inequalities:
building an understanding of inequalities,
Draw—Draw a number line and a circle at
rather than solving inequalities. Procedures
the endpoint.
for solving will be addressed in subsequent
lessons. Include?—Look at the inequality sign to
determine whether the circle should be
Reading Math Before solid or empty.
Example 4, have students use the Shade—Shade in the correct direction.
phrases “no more than,” ENGLISH
Check—Substitute a value on the solution
“no less than,” “at most,” and “at LANGUAGE
LEARNERS side into the inequality to check that
least” in everyday sentences.
the inequality is true.
Lesson 2-1 101

EXAMPLE 3 Writing an Inequality from a Graph
Write the inequality shown by each graph.
Additional Examples {°x
A
Example 3 x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
Write the inequality shown by Use any variable. The arrow points to the right, so use either > or ≥.
each graph. The empty circle at 4.5 means that 4.5 is not a solution, so use >.
A. h > 4.5
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
x<2 B
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
B.
Use any variable. The arrow points to the left, so use either < or ≤.
-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
x ≥ -0.5 The solid circle at -3 means that -3 is a solution, so use ≤.
m ≤ -3
Example 4
Ó°x
Ray’s dad told him not to turn 3. Write the inequality
shown by the graph. x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
on the air conditioner unless
x < 2.5
the temperature is at least 85 °F.
Define a variable and write an
inequality for the temperatures EXAMPLE 4 Sports Application
at which Ray can turn on the air The members of a lightweight crew team can weigh no
conditioner. Graph the solutions. more than 165 pounds each. Define a variable and write
an inequality for the acceptable weights of the team
t = temperature in °F; t ≥ 85
members. Graph the solutions.
Let w represent the weights that are allowed.
55 70 85 100 115
“No more than”
means “less than or Athletes may weigh no more than 165 pounds.
Also available online equal to.”
“At least” means w ≤ 165
“greater than or
equal to.” £Èx
INTERVENTION
Questioning w ≤ 165
ä Îä Èä ä £Óä £xä £nä
Strategies
Stop the graph at 0 because a person’s weight must be a positive number.
EX A M P L E 3
• What does an empty or solid circle 4. A store’s employees earn at least $8.25 per hour. Define a
d = amount employee variable and write an inequality for the amount the employees
tell you? What does the direction of can earn per hour; may earn per hour. Graph the solutions.
the arrow tell you? d ≥ 8.25
8.25
EX A M P L E 4
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
• Do you think all the values that THINK AND DISCUSS
were shaded are reasonable 1. Compare the solutions of x > 2 and x ≥ 2.
answers in this situation?
2. GET ORGANIZED Copy
iµÕ>ÌÞ À>«
and complete the graphic
Critical Thinking Discuss ÝÊÊ£
organizer. Draw a graph in
with students what types the first row and write the
of problems might have correct inequality in the x { Î Ó £ ä £
answers that can only be whole second row.
numbers, positive numbers, etc.
3 Close Answers to Think and Discuss

CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L01.indd 102 1. Both graphs include the real numbers 4027011 11:13:21 A
greater than 2. The graph of x ≥ 2 also

Summarize and INTERVENTION includes 2.
Make sure students can describe the solu- Diagnose Before the Lesson 2. See Additional Answers.
tions of inequalities in words. Stress the Warm Up, TE
need to test positive and negative values
as well as zero. Remind students that there
Monitor During the Lesson
are many numbers between consecutive
Check It Out! Exercises, SE
integers.
Questioning Strategies, TE
When graphing inequalities that represent
real-world situations, students should con-
sider which values are reasonable in the Assess After the Lesson
context. Lesson Quiz, TE
Alternative Assessment, TE
102 Chapter 2
2-1 2-1 Exercises
Exercises Homework Help Online
Parent Resources Online
GUIDED PRACTICE Assignment Guide

1. Vocabulary How is a solution of an inequality like a solution of an equation?
A solution of an inequality makes the inequality true when substituted for the variable. Assign Guided Practice exercises
SEE EXAMPLE 1 Describe the solutions of each inequality in words.
as necessary.
2. g - 5 ≥ 6 3. -2 < h + 1 4. 20 > 5t 5. 5 - x ≤ 2
If you finished Examples 1–2
SEE EXAMPLE 2 Graph each inequality.
Basic 18–25, 34–41, 50–53
1
7. c ≥ 3 _ 8. (4 - 2) 3 > m
6. x < -5 9. p ≥ √
17 + 8 Average 18–25, 34–41, 62–64,
2
67
SEE EXAMPLE 3 Write the inequality shown by each graph. Advanced 18–25, 34–41, 62–66
nÊÚÚ
Ê£ÊÊÊÊ
Ó
10. 11. If you finished Examples 1–4
b > -8 _
È x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î {a ≤ -2 n Ç È x { Î Ó £ ä £
1 Basic 18–45, 50–53, 56–61
x°x Ç
12. 13. 2 Average 18–33, 34–48 even,
{ Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x Èc < 5.5 £Ó £ä n È { Ó ä 54–68
d < -7 Advanced 18–33, 38–45, 54–56,
14. 15.
{ Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È e≥3 Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó £{ £È £n 58–69
f ≤ 14
SEE EXAMPLE 4 Define a variable and write an inequality for each situation. Graph the solutions. Homework Quick Check
16. There must be at least 20 club members present in order to hold a meeting. Quickly check key concepts.
m = members present; m ≥ 20 where m is a whole number
17. A trainer advises an athlete to keep his heart rate under 140 beats per minute. Exercises: 18, 22, 28, 32, 40, 42
r = heart rate; r < 140 where r is positive
PRACTICE AND PROBLEM SOLVING Inclusion For exercises

Independent Practice Describe the solutions of each inequality in words. like Exercises 32–33, have
For See
1b≤6 students ask themselves
Exercises Example 18. -2t > -8 19. 0 > w - 2 20. 3k > 9 21. _
2 a question to decide whether the
18–21 1
endpoint is a solution. For example,
22–25 2 Graph each inequality.
1 for Exercise 32, ask “Is 25 miles per
26–31 3 22. 7 < x 23. t ≤ - _ 24. d > 4 (5 - 8) 25. t ≤ 3 2 - 2 2 hour allowed?” Yes, so the graph
32–33 4 2
should have a solid circle.
Extra Practice Write the inequality shown by each graph.
See Extra Practice for ££
26. 27.
more Skills Practice and
Applications Practice { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È £È £{ £Ó £ä n È { Answers
exercises.
u≥5 v < -11 2. all real numbers greater than or
Î°x Î°Î
28. 29. equal to 11
È x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
w > -3.5 3. all real numbers greater than -3
x > -3.3

4. all real numbers less than 4
30. 31. 5. all real numbers greater than or
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó £{ £È £n
y<4 z≥9 equal to 3
Define a variable and write an inequality for each situation. Graph the solutions. 6.
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
32. The maximum speed allowed on Main Street is 25 miles per hour. s = speed; s ≤ 25
where s is nonnegative
33. Applicants must have at least 5 years of experience.
y = years of experience; y ≥ 5

Make sense of problems and persevere
in solving them. Exercises 55, 56
7. 21. all real numbers less than or equal to 12
Construct viable arguments and critique
3 __ 4 __ 22.
1 1
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L01.indd 103
AM
3 4 5 2/4/11 11:43:01 PM
2 2 the reasoning of others. Exercises 54,
8. 5 6 7 8 9
57–58, 69
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
23. Model with mathematics. Exercises
9. -2 -1 __ -1
1
- __
1
0
2 2 16–17, 32–33, 42–45
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 24.
16. -12 -9 -6 -3 0
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25.
140 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
17.
0 40 80 120 160 200 240
32.
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
18. all real numbers less than 4
33.
19. all real numbers less than 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
20. all real numbers greater than 3 State Resources Online
Lesson 2-1 103

Write each inequality in words.
Exercise 55 involves
using inequalities to 34. x > 7 35. h < -5 36. d ≤ 23 37. r ≥ -2
describe how much
Write each inequality with the variable on the left. Graph the solutions.
money can be spent shopping. This
exercise prepares students for the 38. 19 < g g > 19 39. 17 ≥ p p ≤ 17 40. 10 < e e > 10 41. 0 < f f > 0
Multi-Step Test Prep.
Define a variable and write an inequality for each situation. Graph the solutions.
42. t = temperature; 42. The highest temperature ever recorded on Earth was
Answers t ≤ 135.9 135.9 °F at Al Aziziyah, Libya, on September 13, 1922. Europe
34. x is greater than 7. 43. Businesses with profits less than $10,000 per year will
35. h is less than -5. be shut down. p = profits; p < 10,000
Mediterranean Sea
36. d is less than or equal to 23. 44. You must be at least 46 inches tall to ride a roller
coaster at an amusement park. h = height; h ≥ 46 Al Aziziyah
37. r is greater than or equal to -2. Algeria
Libya Egypt
38. 45. Due to a medical condition, a hiker can hike only in
17 18 19 20 21
areas with an elevation no more than 5000 feet above
sea level. e = elevation; e ≤ 5000
39.
15 16 17 18 19
Write a real-world situation that could be described by
40. each inequality.
0 5 10 15 20
46. x ≥ 0 47. x < 10 48. x ≤ 12 49. x > 8.5
41.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Match each inequality with its graph.
135.9
42. 50. x ≥ 5 A A.
Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È Ç n
0 50 100 150 200
43. 51. x < 5 D B.

0 10,000 Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È Ç n
44. 52. x > 5 B C.

44 45 46 47 48 Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È Ç n
45. 53. x ≤ 5 C D.
0 2500 5000 Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È Ç n
46. x represents the distance in
miles between two locations. 54. /////ERROR ANALYSIS///// Two students graphed the inequality 4 > b. Which graph
is incorrect? Explain the error. A is incorrect; it should be drawn with an empty circle.
47. x represents the age in years of a
child at a childcare center when ! "
x is positive.
48. x represents the hour on an
analog clock when x is a natural ä £ Ó Î { x È ä £ Ó Î { x È
number.
55a. 125 - s ≥ 90; s ≤ 35 55b. 55c. s + 15 ≤ 35; s ≤ 20 where s
49. x represents the number of mil-
where s is nonnegative 0 5 15 25 35
is nonnegative
lions of albums sold by a popu-
lar band. 55. a. Mirna earned $125 baby-sitting during the spring break. She needs to save $90 for
the German Club trip. She wants to spend the remainder of the money shopping.
Write an inequality to show how much she can spend.
b. Graph the inequality you wrote in part a.
c. Mirna spends $15 on a bracelet. Write an inequality to show how much money
she has left to spend.
Practice A
© Creatas
Practice C
Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class___________________
LESSON
2-1
Practice B
Practice B 104 Chapter 2 Inequalities
Graphing and Writing Inequalities
Describe the solutions of each inequality in words. Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class___________________ Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class___________________
1. 2m ≥ 6 all real numbers greater than or equal to 3 LESSON

2-x
2-1 Reading Strategies
Reading Strategies
Connecting Words and Symbols
LESSON
2-1
Practice C
Reteach
2. t + 3 < 8 all real numbers less than 5 To write and graph inequalities, you must connect words with symbols. Describe the solutions of each inequality in words.
Look at the information in the table below.
1. t − 1 ≥ 7
3. 1 < x − 5 all real numbers greater than 6 Symbol Words Graph
1
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L01.indd
<
104
“less than”
2. −6 > 2d 2/4/11 11:43:05 PM
4. −10 ≥ c all real numbers less than or equal to −20
2 “less than or equal to” “no 3. −4 < r + 5
≤ 1
more than” “at most” 4. x≤9
Graph each inequality. 2
> “greater than”
5. x > −7 6. p ≥ 23
“greater than or equal to” Graph each inequality.
≥ “no less than” 1
5. k > −12 6. −6 ≤w
“at least” 2
7. 4.5 ≥ r 8. y < − 14 − 5 graph: graph:
Answer each question.
7. b ≤ 23 − 10 8. n < − 2(5) + 6
1. What are three ways to say x ≥ 5 in words?
graph: graph:
Write the inequality shown by each graph. x is greater than or equal to 5
9. 10. Write the inequality shown by each graph.
x is at least 5
9. 10.
a>6 b ≤ −2 x is no less than 5
2. Does the graph of p > 8 have an empty circle or a solid circle? Why?
11. 12. empty; because the value 8 is not a solution
11. 12.
c < 8.5 d ≥ 45 3. Draw the graph of m ≤ −2.
Define a variable and write an inequality for each situation. Graph the
solutions. 4. Write the inequality that represents the graph, once with symbols and Define a variable and write an inequality for each situation.
13. Josephine sleeps more than 7 hours each night. once with words.
13. To qualify for the job, applicants must have more than 3 years of experience in the field.
s = hours of sleep; s > 7;

14. In 1955, the minimum wage in the U.S. was $0.75 per hour. t < 6.5 t is less than 6.5 14. As of Aug. 1996, the speed limit on rural interstates in North Carolina is 70 mph.
5. Mitchell’s goal is to get a grade g of at least 85% on his next Algebra
w = wage; w ≥ 0.75; quiz. Translate these words into symbols. Then graph the inequality. 15. In 2005, the minimum wage in the U.S. was $5.15 per hour.
g ≥ 85 graph:
4 Holt McDougal Algebra 1
104 Chapter 2
Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L01b-a.indd 4 3/2/11 2:22:41 AM
10 Holt McDougal Algebra 1 5 Holt McDougal Algebra 1
56. Critical Thinking Graph all positive integer solutions of the inequality x < 5.
Choices B and C in
57. Write About It Explain how to write an inequality that is modeled by a graph. Exercise 61 include
What characteristics do you look for in the graph? zero as a solution.
58. Write About It You were told in the lesson that the phrase “no more than” means Substitute 0 for t to determine
“less than or equal to” and the phrase “at least” means “greater than or equal to.” whether the inequality is true or false.
a. What does the phrase “at most” mean? less than or equal to
b. What does the phrase “no less than” mean? greater than or equal to Answers
56.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
59. Which is NOT a solution of the inequality 5 - 2x ≥ -3? 57. Look for a solid or empty circle.
0 2 4 5 A solid circle tells you to use ≤
or ≥, and an empty circle tells
60. Which is NOT a solution of the inequality 3 - x < 2? you to use < or >. Then look at
1 2 3 4 the direction of the arrow. An
arrow pointing left tells you to
61. Which graph represents the solutions of -2 ≤ 1 - t? use < or ≤, and an arrow point-
ing right tells you to use > or ≥.
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
Journal
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
The phrase “x is not less than 7”
means that x is greater than or equal
to 7. The algebraic inequality is
CHALLENGE AND EXTEND x ≥ 7. Explain the meaning of the
62. all real numbers Describe the values for x and y that make each inequality true. following statements and write an
62. x + y ≤ ⎪x + y⎥ 63. x 2 < xy 64. x - y ≥ y - x algebraic inequality for each:
any nonzero numbers such that x and y have the same sign and ⎪x⎥ < ⎪y⎥ any numbers such that y is 1) x is not greater than 7.
Complete each statement. Write < or >. less than or equal to x
2) x is not less than or equal to 7.
65. If a > b, then b < a. 66. If x > y and y > z, then x > z.
3) x is not greater than or equal to 7.
67. Name a value of x that makes the statement 0.35 < x < 1.27 true. any number between
0.35 and 1.27
68. yes; infinitely 68. Is __56 a solution of x < 1? How many solutions of x < 1 are between 0 and 1?
many 69. Write About It Explain how to graph all the solutions of x ≠ 5.
Draw an empty circle at 5. Then draw arrows going left and right from 5. Write four inequalities using each of
the following inequality symbols: <,
≤, >, ≥. Then graph each inequality.
2-1
1. Describe the solutions of
7 < x + 4. all real numbers
greater than 3
2. Graph h ≥ -4.75
-5 -4.75 -4.5
Write the inequality shown by

each graph.
Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class___________________
Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class___________________
3.
LESSON
2-x
2-1
Problem Solving
Problem solving
LESSON
2-x
2-1
Challenge
challenge 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Write the correct answer.
Interval Notation
When you graph the solutions of an inequality, you use a solid circle
x ≥ 3
1. A citizen must be at least 35 years old 2. A certain elevator can hold no more than to show an endpoint that is a solution and an open circle to show an
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L01.indd 105
write an
in order to run for the Presidency of the
United States. Define a variable and
inequality for this situation.
2500 pounds. Define a variable and
write an inequality for this situation.
endpoint that is not. You use an arrow pointing to the right to show when
solutions continue toward positive infinity and an arrow pointing to the left 4.
2/4/11 11:43:08 PM
to show when solutions continue toward negative infinity.
w = weight; w ≤ 2500
a = age of person; Interval notation is another way to show solutions
of an inequality. In interval notation, the endpoints
[ or ]
Interval Notation
endpoint is a solution
-6 -5.5 -5
a ≥ 35
3. Approximately 30% of the land on 4. Khalil weighed 125 pounds before he
of the solutions are explicitly written out. Brackets or
parentheses indicate whether or not the endpoints ( or ) endpoint is not a solution x < -5.5
Earth is forested, but this percent is started to gain weight to play football. themselves are solutions. If the solutions continue solutions continue toward
(−∞
decreasing due to construction. Write
and graph an inequality for this situation.
Write and graph an inequality for this
situation.
toward infinity, an infinity symbol is written instead.
The infinity symbol is always used with a parenthesis.
∞)
negative infinity
solutions continue toward
5. A cell phone plan offers free
Here are the graph and interval notation for x ≥ 1. positive infinity
f = percent forested; w = weight; w ≥ 125
f ≤ 30
minutes for no more than 250
The lower endpoint is 1, The solutions continue
minutes per month. Define a
and it is a solution. toward positive infinity.
The Sanchez family is visiting an amusement park. When they enter
the park, they receive a brochure which lists several requirements
variable and write an inequal-
[1, ∞)
ity for the possible numbers
and restrictions. Select the best answer.
5. You must be at least 50 inches tall to 6. Children less than 12 years old must Complete the table. Problems 7–10 preview compound inequalities,
ride The Wild Tornado roller coaster. be accompanied by an adult inside The which you’ll learn more about in Lesson 3–6.
Which of the following inequalities fits
this situation?
Haunted House. Which of the following
inequalities shows the ages of children inequality graph interval notation of free minutes. Graph the
solutions. m ≤ 250 where m
who require an adult inside the house?
A h ≤ 50 C h ≥ 50 1. x>4 (4, ∞)
F y ≤ 12 H y ≥ 12
B h < 50 D h > 50
G 2. x ≤ −2 (−∞,−2]
is nonneg.
y < 12 J y > 12
7. Totland is an area of the amusement 8. The Bumpy Cars will not be turned on if x<3 (−∞, 3)
3.
park set aside for children who are there are 5 or more empty cars. Which
6 years old or younger. Which of the of the following inequalities shows the x ≥ −5 [−5, ∞)
4.
following inequalities represents the possible numbers of empty cars if the
ages of children who are allowed in ride is going to start? x>0 (0, ∞)
5.
Totland? F c≤5 H c≥5 0 250
A a≤6 C a≥6 G c<5 J c>5
6. x ≤ −1 (−∞,−1]
B a<6 D a>6
7. −3 ≤ x ≤ 2 [−3, 2] Also available online
8. 0<x≤3 (0, 3]
9. −4 ≤ x < 5 [−4, 5)
10. −1 < x < 1 (−1, 1)

Lesson 2-1 105
CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L01f-a.indd 9 3/2/11 2:22:47 AM
CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L01e-a.indd 8 3/2/11 2:22:46 AM
2-2 Organizer Solving Inequalities by
2-2
Block __1 day Adding or Subtracting
2 CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented by letters.
Objectives: Solve one-step
inequalities by using addition. Objectives Who uses this?
Solve one-step You can use inequalities to determine
Solve one-step inequalities by inequalities by using how many more photos you can take.
using subtraction. addition.
(See Example 2.)
Solve one-step
inequalities by using
Algebra Lab subtraction.
Tenea has a cell phone that also takes
In Algebra Lab Activities pictures. After taking some photos, Tenea
can use a one-step inequality to determine
how many more photos she can take.
Online Edition
Tutorial Videos Solving one-step inequalities is much like
solving one-step equations. To solve an
inequality, you need to isolate the variable
Countdown using the properties of inequality and
inverse operations.
Properties of Inequality
Addition and Subtraction
Warm Up WORDS NUMBERS ALGEBRA
Write an inequality for each Addition
situation. You can add the same number to 3<8
both sides of an inequality, and the a<b
1. The temperature must be at 3+2<8+2
statement will still be true. a+c<b+c
least -10 ˚F. x ≥ -10 5 < 10
Subtraction
2. The temperature must be no You can subtract the same number 9 < 12
more than 90 ˚F. x ≤ 90 from both sides of an inequality, a, ≥, and ≤.
3. x - 4 = 10 14
4. 15 = x + 1.1 13.9
Also available online EXAMPLE 1 Using Addition and Subtraction to Solve Inequalities
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
A x + 9 < 15
x + 9 < 15 Since 9 is added to x, subtract 9 from both sides to undo
Use an inverse -9 -9 the addition.
operation to “undo” −−− −−−
x < 6
the operation in an
Q: Why did the parents think their inequality. If the
little variable was sick? £ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä
inequality contains
A: The nurse said he had to be addition, use B d - 3 > -6
subtraction to undo
© Mingasson/Getty/HMH
isolated. the addition. d - 3 > -6 Since 3 is subtracted from d, add 3 to both sides to undo
+3 +3 the subtraction.
−−−
−−− −−−
d > -3
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
1 Introduce
CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equa-
including equations with coefficients
Solving Inequalities by
Motivate
represented by letters.
Adding or Subtracting Pose the following situation: Maria’s mother told
Use number lines to graph inequalities and to find patterns.
her that she should practice piano for at least
1. Graph the solutions of x 5 on the number line.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10
45 minutes. She has already practiced for 20 min-
2. Test each value in the table to determine if it is a solution of utes. Ask students how they would determine the
the inequality x 2 7. Record your results.
x 7 5.5 3 1.5 0 2 5 6.5 8

number of minutes that Maria still needs to prac-
Solution of
x 2 7 ? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
tice. Tell students that they could use a one-step
TYes/No E
inequality to solve the problem.
3. Plot the values that are solutions of x 2 7 on the number
line. Then connect the points to form a ray.
10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 Explorations and answers are provided in

4. What do you notice about the solutions you graphed in Step 1
and in Step 3? They are the same. your online resources.
State Resources Online 5. How is the inequality x 2 7 related to the inequality
x 5? 2 was added to both sides of x 5.
THINK AND DISCUSS

6. Explain how the solutions of x 3 are related to the
106 Chapter 2 7 D
solutions of x 7 10. They are the same.
ib h th t th l ti f i lit
"" Ê ,,",
C 0.7 ≥ n - 0.4 ,/
0.7 ≥ n - 0.4 Since 0.4 is subtracted from n, add 0.4 to both sides to
+ 0.4 + 0.4 undo the subtraction. Students may assume that the sym-
−−−− −−−−− bol in the original inequality state-
1.1 ≥ n £°£
ment indicates the direction of the
1a. n ≤ 1.1 x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
0 3 6 9 12 arrow in the graph. Remind students
1b. that this is only true when the vari-
Ê?? Ê?? able is on the left side.

_

1 > -3 + t
1a. s + 1 ≤ 10 s ≤ 9 1b. 2 _ 1c. q - 3.5 < 7.5
1c. 2 t<51 q < 11
2
Since there can be an infinite number of solutions to an inequality, it is not
possible to check all the solutions. You can check the endpoint and the direction Additional Examples
of the inequality symbol.
Example 1
The solutions of x + 9 < 15 are given by x < 6.
x + 9 = 15
Solve each inequality and graph
Step 1 Check the endpoint.
the solutions.
Substitute 6 for x in the related equation x + 9 = 15. 6+9 15
The endpoint should be a solution of the equation. A. x + 12 < 20 x<8
15 15
Step 2 Check the inequality symbol. x + 9 < 15 0 2 4 6 8

Substitute a number less than 6 for x in the original 4 + 9 < 15
inequality. The number you choose should be a B. d - 5 > -7 d > -2
13 < 15
solution of the inequality.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
C. 0.9 ≥ n - 0.3 n ≤ 1.2

EXAMPLE 2 Problem Solving Application
1.2
The memory in Tenea’s camera phone allows
her to take up to 20 pictures. Tenea has already 0 1 2
taken 16 pictures. Write, solve, and graph an
Make sense of problems and inequality to show how many more pictures
persevere in solving them. Example 2
Tenea could take.
Sami has a gift card. She has
1 Understand the Problem already used $14 of the total
The answer will be an inequality and a graph value, which was $30. Write,
that show all the possible numbers of pictures solve, and graph an inequality to
that Tenea can take. show how much more she can
List the important information: spend. 14 + g ≤ 30; g ≤ 16
t 5FOFBDBOUBLFVQUP PSat most, where g is nonneg.
20 pictures.
t 5FOFBIBTUBLFOQJDUVSFTBMSFBEZ 0 4 8 12 16
2 Make a Plan Also available online

Write an inequality.
Let p represent the remaining number of pictures Tenea can take.
Number taken plus number remaining is at most 20 pictures. INTERVENTION

Questioning
© Mingasson/Getty/HMH
Strategies
16 + p ≤ 20
EX AM P LE 1
2- 2 Solving Inequalities by Adding or Subtracting 107

• How is solving inequalities similar
to solving equations?
• How are the solutions of an
2 Teach inequality different from the
solution of an equation?
AM
Guided Instruction EX AM P LE 2
Discuss which operations are used to Through Critical Thinking • What will the solutions represent?
undo addition and subtraction when solv- Have students work in pairs. Each pair • What two things need to be
ing equations. Tell students to solve an should make two sets of index cards: checked when checking the
inequality as they would an equation. one set with one-step inequalities and solutions to an inequality?
Encourage students to always check the another with the corresponding solutions
endpoint and the inequality symbol. and graphs. Have each pair trade cards
with another pair. The students can then
Visual Some students may find work together to match each inequality to
it easier to rewrite the original its graph.
inequality with the variable on
the left, so that when the inequality is
solved, the inequality symbol points in the
direction of the shading.
Lesson 2-2 107
3 Solve
Additional Examples 16 + p ≤ 20 Since 16 is added to p, subtract 16 from both sides to
-16 - 16 undo the addition.
−−−−−− −−−
Example 3 p≤ 4
Mrs. Lawrence wants to buy an
It is not reasonable for Tenea to take a negative or fractional number of
antique bracelet at an auction. pictures, so graph the nonnegative integers less than or equal to 4.
She is willing to bid no more than Tenea could take 0, 1, 2, 3,
$550. So far, the highest bid is or 4 more pictures. ä £ Ó Î { x È
$475. Write and solve an inequal-
ity to determine the amount Mrs. 4 Look Back
Lawrence can add to the bid.
Check Check the endpoint, 4. Check a number less than 4.
Check your answer.
16 + p = 20 16 + p ≤ 20
475 + x ≤ 550; x ≤ 75
16 + 4 20 16 + 2 ≤ 20
Also available online
20 20 ✓ 18 ≤ 20 ✓
Adding 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 more pictures will not exceed 20.
INTERVENTION
Questioning 2. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of iron for a
Strategies
Questioning Strategies female in Sarah’s age group (14–18 years) is 15 mg per day.
Sarah has consumed 11 mg of iron today. Write and solve an
EX A M P L E 3 inequality to show how many more milligrams of iron Sarah
can consume without exceeding the RDA.
• What words in the problem tell you 11 + m ≤ 15; m ≤ 4 where m is nonnegative; Sarah can
which inequality symbol to use? consume 4 mg or less without exceeding the RDA.
EXAMPLE 3 Sports Application
Josh can bench press 220 pounds. He wants to bench press at least 250
pounds. Write and solve an inequality to determine how many more
pounds Josh must lift to reach his goal. Check your answer.
Let p represent the number of additional pounds Josh must lift.
220 pounds plus additional pounds is at least 250 pounds.
220 + p ≥ 250
220 + p ≥ 250 Since 220 is added to p, subtract 220 from both

sides to undo the addition.
- 220 - 220
−−−−−−− −−−−
p≥ 30
Check Check the endpoint, 30. Check a number greater than 30.
220 + p = 250 220 + p ≥ 250
220 + 30 250 220 + 40 ≥ 250
250 250 ✓ 260 ≥ 250 ✓
3. 250 + p > 282; p > 32; Josh must lift at least 30 additional pounds to reach his goal.
Josh needs to bench
press more than 3. What if…? Josh has reached his goal of 250 pounds and now
32 additional pounds to wants to try to break the school record of 282 pounds. Write
break the school record. and solve an inequality to determine how many more pounds
Josh needs to break the school record. Check your answer.
3 Close
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L02.indd 108 2/4/11 11:44:44 PM
Summarize and INTERVENTION
Remind students to solve one-step inequal- Diagnose Before the Lesson

ities by using inverse operations. For the Warm Up, TE
following solutions, ask students what two
values of the variable they would check.
Possible answers:
12 < c 12, 15 Questioning Strategies, TE
d ≥ -3 -3, 0
-7 > b -10, -7 Assess After the Lesson
Lesson Quiz, TE
108 Chapter 2
Answers to Think and Discuss
THINK AND DISCUSS 1.
1. Show how to check your solution to Example 1B. d - 3 = -6 d - 3 > -6
2. Explain how the Addition and Subtraction Properties of Inequality are -3 - 3 -6 0 - 3 > -6
like the Addition and Subtraction Properties of Equality.
-6 -6 -3 > -6
3. GET ORGANIZED Copy and complete the graphic
organizer. In each box, write an inequality that *À«iÀÌiÃÊvÊiµÕ>ÌÞ
2. You can add or subtract the
you must use the specified property to solve. Then same number on both sides of
solve and graph the inequality. ``Ì -ÕLÌÀ>VÌ
an equation or an inequality, and
the statement will still be true.
3. See Additional Answers.
2-2 2-2 Exercises

Exercises

SEE EXAMPLE 1 Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
1. 12 -11 Assign Guided Practice exercises
p>6 w≥1 x ≤ -15 z > -9 as necessary.
SEE EXAMPLE 2 5. Health For adults, the maximum safe water temperature in a spa is 104 °F. The water
temperature in Bill’s spa is 102 °F. The temperature is increased by t °F. Write, solve, and If you finished Examples 1–3
graph an inequality to show the values of t for which the water temperature is still safe. Basic 7–23, 25–31, 34–39
102 + t ≤ 104; t ≤ 2 where t is nonnegative Average 7–25, 30–42
SEE EXAMPLE 3 6. Consumer Economics A local restaurant will deliver food to your house if the
purchase amount of your order is at least $25.00. The total for part of your order Advanced 8–12 even, 13–25,
is $17.95. Write and solve an inequality to determine how much more you must 30–46
spend for the restaurant to deliver your order. 17.95 + d ≥ 25.00; d ≥ 7.05
Homework Quick Check
Quickly check key concepts.
PRACTICE AND PROBLEM SOLVING Exercises: 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 24
Independent Practice Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
For See
10. r + _ 3
1 ≤ _
Exercises Example
7–10 1
7. a - 3 ≥ 2
a≥5
8. 2.5 > q - 0.8
q < 3.3
9. -45 + x < -30
x < 15 4 4
r≤ 1 _ Reading Math Exercise 11
11. Engineering The maximum load for a certain elevator is 2000 pounds. The total 2 requires that students
11 2
weight of the passengers on the elevator is 1400 pounds. A delivery man who weighs understand the phrases
12 3
243 pounds enters the elevator with a crate of weight w. Write, solve, and graph an
“maximum load,” “not exceed,”
Extra Practice inequality to show the values of w that will not exceed the weight limit of the elevator.
1400 + 243 + w ≤ 2000; w ≤ 357 where w is nonnegative and “weight limit.” Have students
See Extra Practice for
more Skills Practice and 12. Transportation The gas tank in Mindy’s car holds at most 15 gallons. She has discuss which phrase ENGLISH
Applications Practice already filled the tank with 7 gallons of gas. She will continue to fill the tank with indicates the inequality LANGUAGE
exercises.
g gallons more. Write and solve an inequality that shows all values of g that LEARNERS
symbol for this problem.
Mindy can add to the car’s tank. 7 + g ≤ 15; g ≤ 8 where g is nonnegative
Write an inequality to represent each statement. Solve the inequality and

graph the solutions.
13. Ten less than a number x is greater than 32. x - 10 > 32; x > 42
14. A number n increased by 6 is less than or equal to 4. n + 6 ≤ 4; n ≤ -2
15. A number r decreased by 13 is at most 15. r - 13 ≤ 15; r ≤ 28

in solving them. Exercises 5–6, 11–12,
Answers 9. 25, 31, 35
0 5 10 15 20
1.
M CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L02.indd 109 4027011 11:15:10 AM
Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 10. Exercise 30
2. - __ __1
1
-1 0 1
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 2 2 Construct viable arguments and critique
11. the reasoning of others. Exercises
3.
0 357 32–34, 46
-20 -15 -10 -5 0
4. 13. Model with mathematics. Exercises
-12 -9 -6 -3 0 40 41 42 43 44 13–15
5. 14. Look for and make use of structure.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Exercise 43–45
7.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 15.
26 27 28 29 30
8. 3.3
State Resources Online
0 1 2 3 4
Lesson 2-2 109

Math Background In 3 <7
Exercise 27, students may 16. x + 4 ≤ 2 17. -12 + q > 39 18. x + _ 19. 4.8 ≥ p + 4
5
need to be reminded that 20. -12 ≤ x - 12 21. 4 < 206 + c 1 >_
22. y - _ 2 23. x + 1.4 ≥ 1.4
subtraction is addition of the opposite. 3 3
Health
24. Use the inequality s + 12 ≥ 20 to fill in the missing numbers.
Exercise 35 involves a. s ≥ 8 b. s + 22 ≥ 30 c. s - 8 ≥ 0
using inequalities to
25. Health A particular type of contact lens can be worn up to 30 days in a row. Alex
describe the number has been wearing these contact lenses for 21 days. Write, solve, and graph an
of miles that can be driven on a trip. inequality to show how many more days Alex could wear his contact lenses.
This exercise prepares students for 21 + d ≤ 30; d ≤ 9 where d is nonnegative
the Multi-Step Test Prep. Solve each inequality and match the solutions to the correct graph.
Special-effects contact
lenses are sometimes 26. 1 ≤ x - 2 A.
x ≥ 3; C x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
Answers part of costumes for
movies. All contact
16. x ≤ -2 lenses should be worn 27. 8 > x - (-5) B.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 under an eye doctor’s x < 3; B x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
supervision.
17. q > 51 28. x + 6 > 9 C.
49 50 51 52 53
x > 3; A x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
2
18. x < 6 _
6 __ 6 __ 6 __ 6 __
5 6
1 2 3 4
7
29. -4 ≥ x - 7 D.
5 5 5 5
x ≤ 3; D x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
19. p ≤ 0.8
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 30. Estimation Is x < 10 a reasonable estimate for the solutions to the inequality
20. x ≥ 0 11.879 + x < 21.709? Explain your answer.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
31. Sports At the Seattle Mariners
Mariners Home Game Seating
21. c > -202 baseball team’s home games, there are
-203 -202 -201 -200 Type of Seat Number of Seats
45,611 seats in the four areas listed in
22. y > 1 the table. Suppose all the suite level Main bowl 24,399
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 and club level seats during a game are Upper bowl 16,022
32. If a scale is filled. Write and solve an inequality to
23. x ≥ 0 Club level 4,254
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 unbalanced and determine how many people p could
the same amount be sitting in the other types of seats. Suite level 936
25. is added to or 32. Critical Thinking Recall that a
0 3 6 9 12 subtracted from balance scale was used to model solving equations. Describe how a balance scale
30. It is a reasonable answer. If you both sides, the scale could model solving inequalities.
round each number to the near- should maintain
Critical Thinking Explain why x + 4 ≥ 6 and x - 4 ≥ -2 have the
(tl), Buzz Orr/The Gazette/AP/Wide World Photos; (cr), PhotoDisc/gettyimages; (bl), © Creatas
the same amount 33.
est integer and then solve the same solutions.
of imbalance.
inequality 12 + x < 22, the solu-
34. Write About It How do the solutions of x + 2 ≥ 3 differ from
tion is x < 10.
the solutions of x + 2 > 3? How do the graphs of the solutions differ?
31. 936 + 4254 + p ≤ 45,611;
5190 + p ≤ 45,611; p ≤ 40,421
where p is nonnegative
35. a. Daryl finds that the distance from Columbus, Ohio, to Washington, D.C., is
33. When you isolate the variable in 411 miles. What is the round-trip distance?
each inequality, you get x ≥ 2 b. Daryl can afford to drive a total of 1000 miles. Write an inequality to show the
and x ≥ 2. number of miles m he can drive while in Washington, D.C.
34–35. See Additional Answers. c. Solve the inequality and graph the solutions on a number line. Show that your
answer is reasonable.
PRACTICE A
PRACTICE C
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________
LESSON
2-x
2-2
Practice B
PRACTICE B 110 Chapter 2 Inequalities
Solving Inequalities by Adding or Subtracting
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________
Reading Strategies Review for Mastery

READING STRATEGIES RETEACH
1. b 8 15 2. t 5 2 LESSON LESSON
2-x
2-2 2-x
2-2
Follow a Procedure Solving Inequalities by Adding or Subtracting
b7 t3
There are two parts to checking solutions to inequalities: checking the The method for solving one-step inequalities by adding is just like the method
endpoint and checking the direction of the inequality symbol. for solving one-step equations by adding.
Check that x 3 represents the solutions to x 4 7. Solve x 2 1 and graph the solution. Solve x 2 1 and graph the solutions.
3. 4 x 1 4. g 8 2 CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L02.indd 110 x21 x21 9/16/11 11:23:22 PM
x 4 7 ½ Write the related equation.
° 2 2 Add 2 to each side. 2 2 Add 2 to each side.
Step 1 3 4 7 ¾ Substitute 3 for x in the related equation.
x5 g 6 7 7 9 °¿ x3 x3
If the statement is true, the value is an endpoint.
x 4 7 ½ Write the original inequality.

°
5. 9 m 9 6. 15 d 19 Step 2 10 4 7 ¾ Substitute a value greater than 3 in the original inequality. Solve 4 a 3 and graph the solution. Solve 4 a 3 and graph the
6 7 9 ¿° If the statement is true, the symbol is correct. solutions.
m0 d 4 Both steps check, so x 3 correctly represents the solutions.

4 a 3 4 a 3
3 3 Add 3 to each side. 3 3 Add 3 to each side.
1 a 1 a
1. Which Step confirms that the endpoint is correct? Step 1
a 1
Answer each question. 2. What is being checked in Step 2?
7. Jessica makes overtime pay when she works the direction of the inequality symbol
more than 40 hours in a week. So far this week 3. Describe Step 1 when checking that 8 m represents the solutions to 14 m 6.
she has worked 29 hours. She will continue to 29 h 40; h 11 Substitute 8 for m in 14 m 6. Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
work h hours this week. Write, solve, and graph 1. b 4 3 2. x 5 2
an inequality to show the values of h that will 4. Give a value that could be used in Step 2 when
allow Jessica to earn overtime pay. checking that 8 m represents the solutions
8. Henry’s MP3 player has 512MB of memory. to 14 m 6. Possible answer: 9 b7 x3
He has already downloaded 287MB and will
continue to download m more megabytes. For each problem, check that the given solutions represent the
Write and solve an inequality that shows how inequality by using the two-step procedure shown above.
many more megabytes he can download. 287 + m 512; m 225 5. t 5 9 Step 1 Step 2 correct? 3. 10 6 x 4. 1 f 3
t 14
9. Eleanor needs to read at least 97 pages of a
book for homework. She has read 34 pages t 5 9 t 5 9 x 4 f4
already. Write and solve an inequality that
14 5 9 13 5 9 no
shows how many more pages p she must read. 34 + p 97; p 63 9 9 8 9
6. b 6 2 Step 1 Step 2 correct?
b8
b62 b62
862 962 yes
22 32
110 Chapter 2
If students have dif-
36. Which is a reasonable solution of 4.7367 + p < 20.1784? ficulty selecting the
15 16 24 25 correct statement in
Exercise 37, remind them that the
37. Which statement can be modeled by x + 3 ≤ 12?
inequality indicates 12 is the greatest
Sam has 3 bottles of water. Together, Sam and Dave have at most value the expression can equal.
12 bottles of water.
In Exercise 38, students who chose
Jennie sold 3 cookbooks. To earn a prize, Jennie must sell at least D may not have remembered that
12 cookbooks.
the less-than symbol means the
Peter has 3 baseball hats. Peter and his brothers have fewer than graph will be shaded to the left of
12 baseball hats. the endpoint.
Kathy swam 3 laps in the pool this week. She must swim more than 12 laps.
38. Which graph represents the solutions of p + 3 < 1? Answers

x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x 40.
2 __ 2 __ 2 __ 2 __
1 2 3 4
2
10 10 10 10
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
41.
39. Which inequality does NOT have the same solutions as n + 12 ≤ 26? 5 __ 5 __ 5 __ 5 __
1 2 3 4
5
10 10 10 10
n ≤ 14 n + 6 ≤ 20 10 ≥ n - 4 n - 12 ≤ 14
42.
- __ __1
1
CHALLENGE AND EXTEND -1
2
0
2
1

40. 6 _9 ≥ 4_4 +x
x ≤ 2 1 41. r - 1 _ 2 ≤3_ 7
r ≤ 5 1 42. 6 _
2 + m > 7_
1
m> 1 _ _ _ Journal
10 5 10 5 10 10 3 6 2
Explain why the solutions to the
Determine whether each statement is sometimes, always, or never true. Explain.
45. Always; a and c inequality x + 3 ≥ 12 are not only
43. a + b > a - b those numbers greater than or equal
are the two greater Sometimes; when b is positive, the inequality is true.
numbers, so their 44. If a > c, then a + b > c + b. to 12.
Always; adding the same number to both sides keeps the statement true.
sum will be greater 45. If a > b and c > d, then a + c > b + d.
than that of the two
lesser numbers. 46. If x + b > c and x > 0 have the same solutions, what is the relationship between
b and c ? b and c are equal.
Have students write a real-world
situation that can be modeled by a
one-step inequality. Ask students to
write, solve, and graph the inequality
and explain the meaning of the solu-
tion in the context of the situation.
2-2

the solutions.
1. 13 < x + 7 x>6
0 2 4 6 8
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________ Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________ 2. -6 + h ≥ 15 h ≥ 21
Problem Solving Challenge
LESSON
2-x
2-2 Problem solving
Solving Inequalities by Adding or Subtracting
LESSON
2-x
2-2 challenge
Solving One-Step Inequalities by Adding and Subtracting
Write the correct answer. Susan has 200 feet of fencing and wants to use it to
1. Sumiko is allowed to watch no more 2. A satellite will be released into an orbit of enclose a rectangular garden. She knows that the formula 15 18 21 24 27
than 10 hours of television each week. more than 400 miles above the Earth. for the perimeter of a rectangle is P = 2(L + W ). Susan
also knows that the area A of a rectangle is found by
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L02.indd 111 2/4/11 11:44:49 PM
3. 6.7 + y ≤ -2.1
She has watched 4 hours of television The rocket carrying it is currently
already. Write and solve an inequality to
show how many more hours of
255 miles above Earth. Write and solve
an inequality to show how much higher
using A = LW.
y ≤ -8.8
Answer the following questions in order to help Susan
television Sumiko can watch. the rocket must climb before it releases
the satellite.
plan how to use the fencing.
1. Susan can either use some or all of the fencing. Write an
-8.8
4 + h ≤ 10; h ≤ 6 m + 255 > 400; m > 145
inequality that describes how much fencing she could use. 0 < P ≤ 200
2. Would a length of 70 feet and a width of 40 feet satisfy
3. Wayne’s homework is to solve at least
20 questions from his textbook. So far,
4. Felix wants to get at least one hour of
exercise each day. Today, he has run
the inequality in Exercise 1? Explain. -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0
he has completed 9 of them. Write,
solve, and graph an inequality to show
for 40 minutes. Write, solve, and graph No; because 2(70 + 40) = 220 feet is greater than 200 feet
an inequality that shows how much
3. a. If Susan decides to use all of the fencing and
4. A restaurant has room for
how many more problems Wayne must longer Felix needs to exercise to reach
complete. his goal. chooses a length of 20 feet, find the width. 80 feet
q + 9 ≥ 20; q ≥ 11 40 + e ≥ 60; e ≥ 20 b.What would the length be if she chooses a
width of 20 feet? 80 feet 120 customers. There are
c. Given these dimensions, find the area
The high school has been raising money for charity and the class that raises
the most will be awarded a party at the end of the year. The table below shows 4.
of the garden.
a. If Susan decides to use all of the fencing and
1600 square feet 72 customers dining. Write
how much money each class has raised so far. Use this information to answer
questions 5−7.
chooses a length of 40 feet, find the width.
b. What would the length be if she chooses
60 feet
and solve an inequality to
5. The school has a goal of raising at least
$3000. Which inequality shows how
Class Amount Raised ($)
a width of 40 feet?
c. Given these dimensions, find the area
60 feet
show how many more people
much more money m they need to raise Seniors 870
2400 square feet
can eat at the restaurant.
of the garden.
to reach their goal? Juniors 650
5. What conclusion can you draw from Exercises 3 and 4?
A m ≥ 215 C m ≤ 215 Sophomores 675
If the dimensions are reversed, the area remains the same.
B m < 215 D m > 2785 First-Years 590
6. a. If Susan would like the length and the width to be as x + 72 ≤ 120; x ≤ 48 where
close to one another as possible and to be whole
6. The juniors would like to raise more
money than the seniors. The seniors
7. A local business has agreed to donate
no more than half as much as the senior
numbers, what might the dimensions be? 50 feet by 50 feet x is a whole number
have completed their fundraising for the class raises. Which inequality shows b. Given her intention in part a, what shape
year. Which expression shows how much how much money b the business will is she trying to achieve? a square
more money j the juniors must raise to contribute?
c. Given your answer to part a, find the
overtake the seniors? 1 1
A (870) ≤ b C (870) ≥ b area of the garden. 2500 square feet
F j ≤ 220 H j ≥ 220 2 2
7. Susan’s friend, Jack, has 160 feet of fencing. He wants to use
G j < 220 J j > 220 B 870 ≤
1
b D 870 ≥
1
b all his fencing to make a garden with the greatest possible area.
2 2 Without using inequalities, what dimensions should he choose? 40 feet by 40 feet
Lesson 2-2 111
Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
2-3 Organizer Solving Inequalities by
2-3
Block __1 day
2
Multiplying or Dividing
Objectives: Solve one-step Also CC.9-12.A.CED.1*
inequalities by using multiplication. Objectives Who uses this?

Solve one-step You can solve an inequality to determine
Solve one-step inequalities by inequalities by using how much you can buy with a certain
using division. multiplication.
amount of money. (See Example 3.)
Solve one-step
inequalities by
Technology Lab using division.
Remember, solving inequalities is similar
In Technology Lab Activities to solving equations. To solve an inequality
Jonny Hawkins/CartoonResource.com
that contains multiplication or division,
undo the operation by dividing or
Online Edition multiplying both sides of the inequality by
Tutorial Videos the same number.
The rules below show the properties of

Countdown inequality for multiplying or dividing by a
positive number. The rules for multiplying “This is all I have, so I’ll take 3 pencils, 3
or dividing by a negative number appear notebooks, a binder, and 0.9 calculators.”
later in this lesson.
Multiplication and Division by Positive Numbers
Warm Up WORDS NUMBERS ALGEBRA

Multiplication
Solve each equation.
You can multiply both sides of an 7 < 12
1. -5a = 30 -6 inequality by the same positive If a 0,
number, and the statement will still 7(3) < 12(3)
2 then ac < bc.
2. - _ x = 4 -10 be true. 21 < 36
5
y -3 7 Division
3. _ = _ 1 _
-5 8 8 You can divide both sides of an 15 < 35
3
4. - _ x = _
6
-_
8 inequality by the same positive
number, and the statement will still
_
15
<_
35
If a 0,
a_ _ b
4 11 11 5 5 then
c
< .
c
be true. 3<7
These properties are also true for inequalities that use the symbols >, ≥, and ≤.
5. x ≥ -10
-15 -10 -5 0
6. x < -3
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 EXAMPLE 1 Multiplying or Dividing by a Positive Number
A 3x > -27
3x > -27 Since x is multiplied by 3, divide both sides by 3 to
_ _
3x -27
>
undo the multiplication.
3 3
x > -9
Q: What did the teacher do to pre-
pare for class?
£ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä
A: She made a “less-than” plan.
(Lesson plan)
1 Introduce
Motivate
including equations with coefficients Solving Inequalities by

Multiplying or Dividing
represented by letters. Investigate what happens when both sides of an inequality
Pose the following situation: “Bradley has $50
CC.9-12.A.CED.1 Create equations
are multiplied by a negative number. of birthday money to spend at a resale store. He
and inequalities in one variable and use
1. Complete each inequality with or .
wants to buy some used video games that cost
2 3 4 7
$11 each.” Ask students how they could deter-
2 1 6 9
them to solve problems.* 2. Complete each inequality with or .
mine the number of video games Bradley can
2 3 2 4 7 1 6 9
3. Describe any patterns that you notice.

buy. Tell students that they could use a one-step
4. Complete each inequality with or .
inequality. Tell students that there are special rules
10 15 10 20 35 5 30 45 when multiplying or dividing both sides of an
5. How do the inequalities in Step 4 compare to those in Step 1? inequality by a negative number.
THINK AND DISCUSS
6. Explain how an inequality changes when you multiply the
State Resources Online two numbers in the inequality by –1. Explorations and answers are provided in
7. Describe a general rule that you can use when multiplying
both sides of an inequality by a negative number. your online resources.
3. The second set of inequalities compares the opposites of the numbers in the first set of
inequalities. The inequality signs are reversed.
4. The numbers that were compared in Step 1 were each multiplied by 5. The inequality
112 Chapter 2
signs are reversed.
6. The inequality sign is reversed.

"" Ê ,,",
B _ 2r<6
3 ,/
1a. 2 r<6
_ Since r is multiplied by __
2
, multiply both sides by
3 3 Students may change the inequal-
__
2
the reciprocal of 3 . ity symbol when any number in
1b.
-18 -16 -14 -12 -10
3 _
_
2 3 ( )
2 r <_3 (6)
2 the inequality is negative. Remind
them that the inequality symbol is
r<9
1c. changed only when multiplying or

dividing both sides by a negative
n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó number.

1a. 4k > 24 k > 6 1b. -50 ≥ 5q 3 g > 27 g > 36
1c. _
4
q ≤ -10 Additional Examples
What happens when you multiply or divide both sides of an inequality by a
Example 1
negative number?
Look at the number line below. the solutions.
-6 -2 0 2 6 A. 7x > -42 x > -6
2 < 6 6 > -2 -8 -6 -4 -2 0
m
-2 -6 Multiply both sides by -1. -6 2 Multiply both sides by -1. B. 2.4 ≤ _ m ≥ 7.2
3
-2 > -6 Use the number line to -6 < 2 Use the number line to
7.2
determine the direction determine the direction
of the inequality. of the inequality.
0 2 4 6 8
3
C. _ r < 12 r < 16
Notice that when you multiply (or divide) both sides of an inequality by a 4
negative number, you must reverse the inequality symbol. This means
there is another set of properties of inequality for multiplying or dividing 0 4 8 12 16
by a negative number.
Multiplication and Division by Negative Numbers
INTERVENTION
Questioning
WORDS NUMBERS ALGEBRA Strategies
Multiplication
If you multiply both sides of an 8 > 4 EX AM P LE 1
inequality by the same negative
8(-2) < 4(-2) If a > b and c < 0,
number, you must reverse the • How do you know whether to mul-
-16 < -8 then ac < bc.
inequality symbol for the statement tiply or divide?
to still be true.
Division
If you divide both sides of an 12 > 4
inequality by the same negative
_
12 < _
4 If a > b and c < 0,
number, you must reverse the
inequality symbol for the statement
-4 -4 then _ _
a b
< .
c c
to still be true. -3 < -1
These properties are also true for inequalities that use the symbols <, ≥, and ≤.
2- 3 Solving Inequalities by Multiplying or Dividing 113
2 Teach
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L03.indd 113
AM 2/4/11 11:47:03 PM
Guided Instruction
Review solving one-step equations using Through Modeling
multiplication and division. Multiply both Draw a number line with 1 and 3 plotted.
sides of a true inequality, like 2 < 6, by
Ask if it is correct to write 1 < 3. yes
both a positive and negative number, to
show that the statement is still true after Multiply both numbers by -1 and plot the
it is multiplied by the positive number, products.
but false after it is multiplied by the nega- Ask if it is correct to write -1 < -3. no Why?
tive number. The false statement becomes -1 is further to the right. Ask if it is cor-
true when the inequality sign is changed. rect to write -1 > -3. yes What changed?
Remind students how to check their the direction of the sign Use similar steps
solutions. to show dividing both sides of a numerical
inequality by -1.
Lesson 2-3 113

EXAMPLE 2 Multiplying or Dividing by a Negative Number
Additional Examples A -8x > 72
Example 2 Do not change the

_
-8x
<_
72 Since x is multiplied by -8, divide both sides by -8.
-8 -8 Change > to <.
direction of the
x < -9
Solve each inequality and graph inequality symbol
B -3 ≤ _
x £x £Ó È Î ä Î
the solutions. just because you see
a negative sign. For -5
A. -12x > 84 x < -7 example, you do not
change the symbol
-5(-3) ≥ -5 _ x
-5 ( ) Since x is divided by -5, multiply both sides by -5.
Change ≤ to ≥.
-7
when solving 15 ≥ x (or x ≤ 15)
£x
4x < -24.
-8 -6 -4 -2 0
Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó £{ £È £n
x
B. -8 ≤ _ x ≤ 24
-3 Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
0 6 12 18 24 2a. 10 ≥ -x x ≥ -10 2b. 4.25 > -0.25h h > -17
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 -19 -18 -17 -16 -15

Example 3
Jill has a $20 gift card to an art EXAMPLE 3 Consumer Application
supply store where 4 oz tubes Ryan has a $16 gift card for a health store where a smoothie costs $2.50
of paint are $4.30 each after tax. with tax. What are the possible numbers of smoothies that Ryan can buy?
What are the possible numbers Let s represent the number of smoothies Ryan can buy.
of tubes that Jill can buy?
$2.50 times number of smoothies is at most $16.00.
0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 tubes
2.50 • s ≤ 16.00
2.50s ≤ 16.00
_
2.50s
≤ _
16.00 Since s is multiplied by 2.50, divide both sides by 2.50.
INTERVENTION
Questioning 2.50 2.50 The symbol does not change.
Strategies
Questioning Strategies s ≤ 6.4 Ryan can buy only a whole number of smoothies.
Ryan can buy 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 smoothies.

EX A M P L E 2
• What must be done to both sides 3. A pitcher holds 128 ounces of juice. What are the possible
of an inequality to make the numbers of 10-ounce servings that one pitcher can fill?
inequality symbol change? 10g ≤ 128; g ≤ 12.8; 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or
12 servings
EX A M P L E 3
• Why would the solutions of the
inequality be graphed as individual THINK AND DISCUSS
points? 1. Compare the Multiplication and Division Properties of Inequality and
the Multiplication and Division Properties of Equality.
2. GET ORGANIZED Copy and complete the graphic organizer. In each
cell, write and solve an inequality.
-Û}ÊiµÕ>ÌiÃÊLÞÊ1Ã}ÊÕÌ«V>ÌÊ>`ÊÛÃ
ÞÊ>Ê*ÃÌÛiÊ ÕLiÀ ÞÊ>Ê i}>ÌÛiÊ ÕLiÀ
Sam Dudgeon/HMH
Ûì
ÕÌ«Þ

CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L03.indd 114 1. They are alike because you can multiply 4027011 11:16:51 A
or divide both sides by a positive num-

Summarize and INTERVENTION ber and the inequality or equation will
Remind students that solving one-step Diagnose Before the Lesson still be true. They are different because
inequalities is like solving one-step equa- Warm Up, TE you have to reverse the inequality sym-
tions, except they must remember to change bol if you multiply or divide both sides
the sign of the inequality when multiplying or by a negative number.
dividing by a negative number. Write the fol- 2. See Additional Answers.
lowing on the board, and ask if the inequality
Questioning Strategies, TE
sign would change when solving.
2x > -10 no
Assess After the Lesson
-3b ≤ 12 yes
Lesson Quiz, TE
5 > -10n yes Alternative Assessment, TE
-16 < 4t no
114 Chapter 2
2-3 2-3 Exercises
Exercises

d >6 Assign Guided Practice exercises
SEE EXAMPLE 1 1. 3b > 27 2. -40 ≥ 8b 3. _ 4. 24d ≤ 6
3 as necessary.
5. 1.1m ≤ 1.21 2k>6
6. _ 7. 9s > -18 4 ≥_
8. _ r
3 5 2 If you finished Examples 1–3
SEE EXAMPLE 2 9. -2x < -10 10. _b ≥8 11. -3.5n < 1.4 12. 4 > -8g Basic 18–60, 64–70
-2 Average 18–56, 61–70, 72
13. _d <_ 1 14. -10h ≥ -6 15. 12 > _t 1 m ≥ -7
16. - _
-6 2 -6 2 Advanced 18–42, 44–50 even,
51–56, 61, 63, 66–77
SEE EXAMPLE 3 17. Travel Tom saved $550 to go on a school trip. The cost for a hotel room, including
tax, is $80 per night. What are the possible numbers of nights Tom can stay at the
hotel? 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 nights Homework Quick Check
Quickly check key concepts.
Exercises: 20, 34, 42, 50, 54, 62
PRACTICE AND PROBLEM SOLVING
Independent Practice Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
For See
18. 10 < 2t 19. _1j≤4 20. -80 < 8c 21. 21 > 3d
Exercises Example 3
18–29 1
30–41 2
w
22. _ ≥ -2
4
h
23. _ ≤ _
4
2
7
24. 6y < 4.2 25. 12c ≤ -144 Answers
42 3 4x≥_ 2 3 b ≤ -2 1. b > 9
26. _ 27. 6b ≥ _ 28. -25 > 10p 29. _ 0 3 6 9 12
5 5 5 8
Extra Practice 1 <_ r y 1
30. -9a > 81 31. _ 32. -6p > 0.6 33. _ > -_ 2. b ≤ -5
See Extra Practice for 2 -3 -4 2 -20 -15 -10 -5 0
1
34. - _ f < 5 35. -2.25t < -9 36. 24 ≤ -10w 37. -11z > 121
Applications Practice
exercises. 6 3. d > 18
0 6 12 18 24 30
3 <_ f 4p
4. d ≤ _
38. _ 39. -k ≥ 7 40. -2.2b < -7.7 41. 16 ≥ - _ 1
5 -5 3
4 0 __1 __2 __3 1
42. Camping The rope Roz brought with her camping gear is 54 inches long. Roz needs 4 4 4
to cut shorter pieces of rope that are each 18 inches long. What are the possible 5. m ≤ 1.1
number of pieces Roz can cut? 0, 1, 2, or 3 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
6. k > 9
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. 0 3 6 9 12
43. -8x < 24 44. 3t ≤ 24 1x<5
45. _ 4 p ≥ -24
46. _
4 5 7. s > -2
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
47. 54 ≤ -9p 1
48. 3t > - _ 3 b > -_
49. - _ 3 50. 216 > 3.6r
2 4 2
8. r ≤ _
8
5 1 __6 __7 __8 __9 2
55. You reverse Write an inequality for each statement. Solve the inequality and graph 5 5 5 5
the symbol only the solutions. 9. x > 5

when you mul- 51. The product of a number and 7 is not less than 21. 7x ≥ 21; x ≥ 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
52. The quotient of h and -6 is at least 5. _ ≥ 5; h ≤ -30

tiply or divide h 10. b ≤ -16
both sides of the -6 _
inequality by the 4
53. The product of - __ and b is at most -16. - b ≤ -16; b ≥ 20
4
-18 -17 -16 -15 -14
54. Ten is no more than the quotient of t and 4. 10 ≤ _ ; t ≥ 40
same negative 55
t
number. 11. n > -0.4
4
55. Write About It Explain how you know whether to reverse the inequality symbol
when solving an inequality. -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2
56. Geometry The area of a rectangle is at most 21 square inches. The width of the rectangle
is 3.5 inches. What are the possible measurements for the length of the rectangle?
≤ 6 in. where is positive
in solving them. Exercises 17, 42, 56,
1
12. g > - _ 21. d < 7 61–62, 65–66
-1 - __ __1
2 1 5 6 7 8 9
0 1
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L03.indd 115
AM 2 2 2/4/11 11:47:10 PM
13. d > -3 22. w ≥ -8
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 -12 -8 -4 0 Exercise 75
__8 Construct viable arguments and critique
14. h ≤ 0.6
23. h ≤ _
8 7
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 the reasoning of others. Exercises 55,
7
15. t > -72 0 1 2 63–64, 70, 76–77
-73 -72 -71 -70 -69 24. y < 0.7 Model with mathematics. Exercises
0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
16. m ≤ 14 51–54
12 13 14 15 16 25. c ≤ -12
18. t > 5 -14 -13 -12 -11 -10
26. x ≥ _
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 1
19. j ≤ 12 2 0 __1 1 1 __
1
2
2 2
0 4 8 12 16
27–41, 43–50. See Additional Answers.
20. c > -10 State Resources Online
-20 -15 -10 -5 0 51–54. For graphs, see Additional Answers.
Lesson 2-3 115

Solve each inequality and match the solution to the correct graph.
Inclusion Some students
may get confused in 57. -0.5t ≥ 1.5 A.
Exercise 59 because the t ≤ -3; C x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
inequality changes direction twice: 1 t ≤ -3

58. _ B.
once when dividing both sides by a 9 x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
negative number, and again when
t ≤ -27; D
rewriting the expression with the 59. -13.5 ≤ -4.5t C.
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
variable on the left. Encourage stu- t ≤ 3; A
Animals
als t ≤ -_
1
dents to write down every step, and 60. _ D.
not to attempt to do two steps at -6 2 t ≥ 3; B {x ÎÈ ÓÇ £n ä
once.
61. Animals A wildlife shelter is home to birds, mammals, and reptiles. If cat chow is
sold in 20 lb bags, what is the least number of bags of cat chow needed for one year
Exercise 66 involves at this shelter?
writing and solving 26 bags
Food Consumed at a Wildlife Shelter per Week
an inequality in
which the reasonable answers are Type of Food Amount of Food (lb)
Orangutans weigh
restricted to natural numbers. This about 3.5 pounds at
Grapes 4
exercise prepares students for the birth. As adults, female Mixed seed 10
Multi-Step Test Prep. orangutans can weigh Peanuts 5
as much as 110 pounds,
and male orangutans Cat chow 10
Answers can weigh up to 300 Kitten chow 5

pounds.
66b.
62. Education In order to earn an A in a college math class, a student must score no
0 1 2 3 4
less than 90% of all possible points. One semester, a student with 567 points earned
an A in the class. Write an inequality to show the numbers of points possible.
p ≤ 630 where p is a whole number
63. Critical Thinking Explain why you cannot solve an inequality by multiplying both
sides by zero. Multiplying both sides of an inequality by zero makes both sides equal
zero, so there is no longer an inequality to solve.
64. /////ERROR ANALYSIS///// Two students have different answers for a homework
problem. Which answer is incorrect? Explain the error.
A is incorrect. Both sides are A B
divided by a positive num- 2f ≥-+0 2f ≥-+0
ber, so the inequality symbol
should not be reversed. 2f ≥ -
XXXX +0
XXXX 2f ≥ -
XXXX +0
XXXX
2 2 2 2
f≤-, f≥-,
65. Jan has a budget of $800 for catering. The catering company charges $12.50 per
guest. Write and solve an inequality to show the numbers of guests Jan can invite.
12.5g ≤ 800; g ≤ 64 where g is a whole number
66. a. The Swimming Club can spend a total of $250 for hotel rooms for its spring trip.
One hotel costs $75 per night. Write an inequality to find the number of rooms
the club can reserve at this hotel. Let n be the number of rooms. 75n ≤ 250
(cl), © Reuters/CORBIS; (bl), © Creatas

b. Solve the inequality you wrote in part a. Graph the solutions on a number line.
Make sure your answer is reasonable. n ≤ 3.33; n must be a natural number.
c. Another hotel offers a rate of $65 per night. Does this allow the club to reserve
more rooms? Explain your reasoning.
Practice A 65n ≤ 250; n ≤ 3.85; no, they still can reserve only 3 or fewer rooms.
Practice C
Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class __________________
LESSON
2-3
Practice B
Solving Inequalities by Multiplying or Dividing
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class __________________ Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class __________________ Name __________
Reading Strategies Reteach

1. 4a > 32 2. −7y < 21 LESSON Reading Strategies LESSON Review for Mastery Rev
a>8 y > −3 2-3 2-3
Recognize Errors Solving Inequalities by Multiplying or Dividing Solv
The rules for solving inequalities are the same as for solving equations, The inequality sign must be reversed when multiplying by a negative number. The inequality
with one exception. Analyze the problems below to avoid common errors. Multiplying by a positive number: Multiplying by a negative number: number. Divid
3
3. 1.5n ≤ −18 4. − c≥9 8>6
8 2<5 True 2<5 True
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L03.indd −4n
116> 2/4/11 11:47:118 PM
−4n > 28 x
≤2 ? ?
n ≤ −12 c ≤ −24 28 −8 3•2 < 3•5 Multiply both sides (−3) • 2 < (−3) • 5 Multiply both >
−2
−4 −4 x by a positive sides by a
(−8) ≤ 2(−8) −4 >? −
n < −7 −8 number. negative number.
y Correct: When dividing by a x ≥ −16 ? ?
5. >4 6. 2s ≤ −3 6 < 15 3 Statement is true. −6 < −15 Statement is false. −4 < −
5 negative number, you must reverse Correct: When multiplying by a
the inequality symbol. Solve 3x > −1
negative number, you must reverse −6 > −15 3 Reverse
y > 20 s ≤ −1.5 the inequality symbol. inequality sign so 3x > −12
statement is true. 3x −1
>
t 3p < −4.5 x x 3 3
≥4 Solve > −2 and graph the solution. Solve ≥ 1 and graph the solutions.
1 z −5 3 p < −4.5 3 −4
7. − b < −6 8. ≥ −0.25 t 3 3
3 −8 (−5) ≥ 4(−5) x x x > −4
−5 p > −1.5 > −2 ≥1
b > 18 z≤2 t < −20 Error: Do not reverse the inequality
3 −4
Error: Don’t drop the “or equal to” symbol just because there is a x x
3• > 3 • (−2) Multiply both sides by 3. (−4) • ≥ (−4) • 1 Multiply both
part of the inequality symbol. negative in the problem. 3 −4
sides by −4.
Write and solve an inequality for each problem.
Answer each question. x > −6
9. Phil has a strip of wood trim that is 16 feet long. He needs 5-foot pieces Reverse
to trim some windows. What are the possible numbers of pieces he can cut? 1. Would you reverse the inequality symbol when solving 2x > −20? Explain. x ≤ −4 inequality sign. Solve each ine
5. −5q ≥ −10
5p ≤ 16; p ≤ 3.2; 0, 1, 2, or 3 pieces No; because you are dividing by a positive number.
10. A teacher buys a 128-ounce bottle of juice and serves it in 2. What are the correct answers for the two errors shown above? q≤2
5-ounce cups. What are the possible numbers of cups she can fill?
t ≤ −20 p < −1.5
5s ≤ 128; s ≤ 25.6; 0 to 25 cups Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
Tell whether the solution for each of the inequalities shown below is x 3 Solve each ine
11. At an online bookstore, Kendra bought 4 copies of the same book 1. ≥ −2 2. − g < −3
correct or incorrect. If incorrect, describe the error. 3 4
for the members of her book club. She got free shipping because her
total was at least $50. What was the minimum price of each book? m 7. −x ≤ 5
3. −2a ≥ −6; a ≤ 3 4.
−2
≤ 9; m > −18 5. 15 > −15t; t < −1 x ≥ −6 g>4
4b ≥ 50; b ≥ 12.50; $12.50 each x ≥ −5
Correct Incorrect Incorrect
≤ was reversed The sign was v 5
3. −1 < 4. m > 10
to >, not −5 6
instead of ≥. reversed. v<5 m > 12
116
CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L03b-a.indd 20
Chapter 2 3/2/11 2:24:25 AM Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Original content Copyrig
CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L03g-a.indd 26 3/2/11 2:24:33 AM CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L03d-a.indd 22 3/2/11 2:24:28 AM

In Exercise 69, stu-
2 y > 4?
67. Which inequality does NOT have the same solutions as - _ dents who chose
3 A or D may understand
12 < -2y -_3y>_ 9
4 2 that the cost per stamp is multiplied
y
_ by the number of stamps, but not
< -12 -3y > 18
2 that the cost must be less than or
68. The solutions of which inequality are NOT equal to $4. Students who chose C
represented by the following graph? x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x may not understand the relationship
x ≥ -2
_ between the cost of the stamps and
3x ≥ -12
2 the number of stamps that can be
-5x ≥ 20 -7x ≤ 28 purchased.
69. Which inequality can be used to find the number of 39-cent stamps you can
purchase for $4.00?
0.39s ≥ 4.00 _ s ≤ 4.00
0.39
0.39s ≤ 4.00 4.00 ≤ s
_
0.39
70. Short Response Write three different inequalities that have the same solutions
as x > 4. Show your work and explain each step.
Possible answer: 2x > 8, 1 x > 1, 3x > 12 _
4
CHALLENGE AND EXTEND Journal
71. g ≤ - 14 _ Solve each inequality.
1 ≤ -_ 5g 2x < 8.25 5m>_ 7 3 f ≥ 14 _
2
Have students explain why someone
5 71. 2 _ 72. _ 73. 2 _ 74. 3 _ might change the direction of the
72. x < 12.375 3 6 3 8 10 5 5 inequality symbol twice when solving
73. m > 4 _ 75. Estimation What is the greatest possible integer solution of the inequality
3.806x < 19.902? x = 5
a one-step inequality with multiplica-
15 tion or division.
74. f ≥ 4 76. Critical Thinking The Transitive Property of Equality states that if a = b and
b = c, then a = c. Is there a Transitive Property of Inequality using the symbol <?
Give an example to support your answer. yes; 2 < 3 and 3 < 4 → 2 < 4
77. Critical Thinking The Symmetric Property of Equality states that if a = b, then
b = a. Is there a Symmetric Property of Inequality? Give an example to support your Have students work in groups to
answer. no; 0 < 1 but 1 ≮ 0 explain solving one-step inequalities.
The report should include using each
property of inequality, at least one
real-world problem, and an explana-
tion of why and when the inequality
symbol is changed.
2-3

the solutions.
1. 8x < -24 x < -3
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
2. -5x ≥ 30 x ≤ -6
Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class __________________ Name ________________________________________ Date ___________________ Class___________________
-8 -6 -4 -2 0
Problem solving
challenge x
3. _
LESSON LESSON
2-3
Solving Inequalities by Multiplying or Dividing 2-x
2-1
Interval Notation      > 4 x > 20
Write and solve an inequality for each situation.
1. Karin has $3 to spend in the arcade. 2. Tyrone has $21 and wants to buy juice
When you graph the solutions of an inequality, you use a solid circle
to show an endpoint that is a solution and an open circle to show an
5
The game she likes costs 50¢ per play. drinks for his soccer team. There are 15 endpoint that is not. You use an arrow pointing to the right to show when
What are the possible numbers of times players on his team. How much can each solutions continue toward positive infinity and an arrow pointing to the left
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L03.indd 117
that she can play? drink cost so that Tyrone can buy one to show when solutions continue toward negative infinity. 2/4/11 11:47:13 PM
drink for each person? Interval notation is another way to show solutions Interval Notation 0 10 20 30 40
of an inequality. In interval notation, the endpoints
0.50g ≤ 3; g ≤ 6 15d ≤ 21; d ≤ 1.40; [ or ] endpoint is a solution
x -3
4. _
      ≤   _   x ≥ 6
of the solutions are explicitly written out. Brackets or
up to $1.40 parentheses indicate whether or not the endpoints ( or ) endpoint is not a solution
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6
4
themselves are solutions. If the solutions continue solutions continue toward
3. A swimming pool is 7 feet deep and is
being filled at the rate of 2.5 feet per
4. Megan is making quilts that require
11 feet of cloth each. She has 50 feet of
toward infinity, an infinity symbol is written instead.
The infinity symbol is always used with a parenthesis.
(−∞
negative infinity -8
hour. How long can the pool be left cloth. What are the possible numbers of solutions continue toward
Here are the graph and interval notation for x ≥ 1. ∞)
unattended without the water quilts that she can make? positive infinity
overflowing?
2.5h ≤ 7; h ≤ 2.8; 11q ≤ 50; q ≤ 4.54; 0 2 4 6 8
up to 2.8 hours 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 The lower endpoint is 1, The solutions continue
Alyssa, Reggie, and Cassie are meeting some friends at the movies and have
stopped at the refreshment stand. The table below shows some of the items
and it is a solution. toward positive infinity.
5. A soccer coach plans to order
more shirts for her team. Each
for sale and their prices. Use this information to answer questions 5–7. [1, ∞)
5. Alyssa has $7 and would like to buy fruit
Menu Item Price($)
snacks for as many of her friends as Complete the table. Problems 7–10 preview compound inequalities,
possible. Which inequality below can be
solved to find the number of fruit snacks f
Popcorn
Drink
3.50
3.00
which you’ll learn more about in Lesson 3–6.
inequality graph interval notation
shirt costs $9.85. She has $77
she can buy?
left in her uniform budget.
Hot Dog 2.50
A 2f ≤ 7 C 7f ≤ 2 Nachos 2.50 1. x>4 (4, ∞)
B 2f < 7 D 7f < 2 Fruit Snack 2.00 x ≤ −2
What are the possible num-
2. (−∞,−2]
6. Reggie brought $13 and is going to buy
7. The movie theater donates 12% of
popcorn for the group. Which answer
its sales to charity. From Cassie’s 3. x<3 (−∞, 3)
bers of shirts she can buy?
below shows the possible numbers
purchases, the theater will donate at
of popcorns p Reggie can buy for his
least $2.15. Which inequality below 4. x ≥ −5 [−5, ∞)
friends?
shows the amount of money m that
G
F 0, 1, or 2 H 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 Cassie spent at the refreshment stand?
A
5. x>0 (0, ∞)
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 shirts
0, 1, 2, or 3 J 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 m ≥ 17.92 C m ≥ 25.80 6. x ≤ −1 (−∞,−1]
B m ≤ 17.92 D m ≤ 25.80
7. −3 ≤ x ≤ 2 [−3, 2] Also available online
8. 0<x≤3 (0, 3]
9. −4 ≤ x < 5 [−4, 5)
10. −1 < x < 1 (−1, 1)

Lesson 2-3 117
CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L03f-a.indd 25 3/2/11 2:24:32 AM CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L01e-a.indd 8 3/2/11 2:22:46 AM
CHAPTER
Make sense of
SECTION 2A
SECTION problems and
2A
persevere in
Simple Inequalities solving them.
Remember the Alamo! The Spanish Club is planning a trip

for next summer. They plan to travel from Fort Worth, Texas, to
Organizer
San Antonio, Texas. They can spend only $550 for the entire trip.
1. The treasurer of the club budgets $60 for gasoline. The current gas
price is $1.95/gallon. The school van gets an average of 20 miles
Objective: Assess students’ per gallon of gasoline. Determine how many miles they can drive
ability to apply concepts and skills on this budget. Round your answer to the nearest mile.
in a real-world format. 2. The distance from Fort Worth to San Antonio is 266 miles. Write
(tl), © Creatas; (br), Scott Vallance/VIP Photographic/HMH

an inequality that can be used to solve for the number of miles
Online Edition m that they can drive while in San Antonio. Solve your inequality
and graph the solutions.
3. The treasurer budgeted $200 for hotel rooms for one night. The club
chose a hotel that charges $58 per night. Write an inequality that can
be used to solve for the number of rooms they can reserve n. What is
the maximum number of rooms that they can reserve in the hotel?
4. Use the maximum number of rooms you found in part 3. How much
will the club spend on hotel rooms? 58(3) = $174
5. The club members plan to
spend $80 on food. They
also want to see attractions
in San Antonio, such as
SeaWorld and the Alamo.
Write an inequality that
can be solved to find the
amount of money available
for seeing attractions. What
is the maximum amount
the club can spend seeing
attractions?
314 + a ≤ 550; a ≤ 236
Answers 6. Write a summary of the
budget for the Spanish
1. 615 mi Club trip. Include
2. 532 + m ≤ 615; m ≤ 83 where the amount they plan to
m is nonnegative spend on gasoline, hotel
rooms, food,
and attractions.
0 83
6. Gasoline $60
3. 58n ≤ 200; n ≤ 3.45; they can Hotel rooms $174
reserve a maximum of 3 rooms.
Food $80
Attractions + $236
−−−−−−
$550

in solving them.
INTERVENTION
Scaffolding Questions
CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02MPa.indd 118 4027011 11:17:55 A
1. What equation relates the number of 5–6. What values do you need to find the
gallons, price per gallon, and total price? amount left for seeing attractions? total
total price = (price per gallon)(gallons) budgeted amount, cost of gas, cost of
2. How can you find the total distance hotel rooms, and cost of food
for the round trip? Double the distance
between the cities.
Extension
Describe any adjustments you would make
3. Should you round your answer up or
to the budget. Possible answer: Transfer
down? Round down, because they don’t
money from the hotel room budget to food
have enough money for 4 rooms.
or attractions. Students may want to make
4. What operation should you use to other changes.
find the cost of the hotel rooms?
State Resources Online multiplication
118 Chapter 2
CHAPTER
SECTION 2A
section
Quiz for Lessons 2-1 Through 2-3
2-1 Graphing and Writing Inequalities

2A
Describe the solutions of each inequality in words.
1. -2 < r 2. t - 1 ≤ 7 3. 2s ≥ 6 4. 4 > 5 - x
Organizer
5. x > -2 1
6. m ≤ 1 _ 7. g < √��
8+1 8. h ≥ 2 3 Objective: Assess students’
2
5. mastery of concepts and skills in
Write the inequality shown by each graph. this section.
x ≥ -3
9. x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x 6.
?? Ê??

Resources

y<5 7.
10. { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È
£°x
Assessment Resources
z ≤ -1.5 Section Quiz
11. È x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { 8.

Write an inequality for each situation and graph the solutions.

12. You must purchase at least 5 tickets to receive a discount. Intervention
13. Children under 13 are not admitted to certain movies without an adult.
Resources
14. A cell phone plan allows up to 250 free minutes per month.
Ready to Go On?
Intervention and
2-2 Solving One-Step Inequalities by Adding or Subtracting Enrichment Worksheets
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Ready to Go On? Online
15. k + 5 ≤ 7 16. 4 > p - 3 17. r - 8 ≥ -12 18. -3 + p < -6
19. Allie must sell at least 50 gift baskets for the band fund-raiser. She already sold 36
baskets. Write and solve an inequality to determine how many more baskets Allie
must sell for the fund-raiser. 36 + b ≥ 50; b ≥ 14; Allie must sell at least 14 more baskets.
20. Dante has at most $12 to spend on entertainment each week. So far this week, he
spent $7.50. Write and solve an inequality to determine how much money Dante can
spend on entertainment the rest of the week.
7.50 + m ≤ 12; m ≤ 4.50; Dante can spend $4.50 at most.
2-3 Solving One-Step Inequalities by Multiplying or Dividing

Answers
21. -4x < 8 x > -2 d ≥ -3 d ≥ -9
22. _ 3 t ≤ 12 t ≤ 16
23. _ 24. 8 > -16c c > -
_1 1–4, 12–18. See Additional Answers.
3 4 2
25. A spool of ribbon is 80 inches long. Riley needs to cut strips of ribbon that are 14 21–24. For graphs, see Additional
inches long. What are the possible numbers of strips that Riley can cut? 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 Answers.
Ready to Go On? 119
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02RGa.indd 119
NO 2/17/11 4:12:20 AM
yes
Ready to Go On? Intervention, Section 2A

Ready to Go On? Ready to Go On?
Worksheets Online
Intervention Enrichment, Section 2A
Lesson 2-1 2-1 Intervention Activity 2-1 Worksheets
Diagnose and Online
Lesson 2-2 2-2 Intervention Activity 2-2
Prescribe Online
Ready to Go On? 119

section
2B Multi-Step and Compound Inequalities

One-Minute Section Planner
Lesson Lab Resources Materials
Lesson 2-4 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Inequalities

• Solve inequalities that contain more than one operation.
□✔ SAT-10 □✔ NAEP □ ✔ ACT □ ✔ SAT □
Lesson 2-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides Algebra Lab Activities Optional
• Solve inequalities that contain variable terms on both sides. Algebra Lab graphing calculator
Technology Lab Activities
□✔ SAT-10 □✔ NAEP □ ✔ ACT □ ✔ SAT □
Technology Lab
Algebra Lab Truth Tables and Compound Statements Algebra Lab Activities
• Determine whether compound statements are true or false. Lab Recording Sheet
□ SAT-10 □ NAEP □ ACT □ SAT □ SAT Subject Tests

Lesson 2-6 Solving Compound Inequalities Optional
• Solve compound inequalities with one variable. blank transparency, yellow and
• Graph solution sets of compound inequalities with one variable. blue transparency markers,
graphing calculator
□✔ SAT-10 □✔ NAEP □ ✔ ACT □ ✔ SAT □
Lesson 2-7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities
• Solve inequalities with one variable involving absolute-value
expressions.
□
✔ SAT-10 □ NAEP □
✔ ACT □
✔ SAT □
Note: If NAEP is checked, the content is tested on either the Grade 8 or Grade 12 NAEP assessment. MK = Manipulatives Kit
Selected Answers in Student Edition
The answers to the following exercises are included in the Selected Answers section at the back of
the Student Edition textbook.
Lesson 4: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51,
53, 55, 57, 59, 61a, 61b, 61c, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75
Lesson 5: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51a,
51b, 51c, 53, 55, 59, 61, 63, 67, 69
Lesson 6: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29a, 29b, 29c, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 47,
49, 51, 53, 55
Lesson 7: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49a, 49b,
51, 53, 55, 57
All answers for the Check it Out! exercises in each lesson and for the Chapter Study Guide: Review
are included in the Student Edition.
120A Chapter 2
Math Background
COMPOUND INEQUALITIES When working with compound inequalities that

Lesson 2-6 involve OR, students may be tempted to combine
A compound inequality is a pair of inequalities linked the two inequalities in a single statement, such as
by the word AND or by the word OR. To understand -2 > x ≥ 4. This is a logical error. (For instance, the
compound inequalities, it is important to understand statement asserts that -2 > 4, which is false.) Many
the logic behind the words AND and OR and to compound inequalities involving AND can be written
recognize the uses of these words in basic set theory. in this shorthand form, but inequalities involving OR
cannot.
Consider the compound inequality x ≥ -2 AND x < 4.
If a value of x is a solution of the compound inequality, ABSOLUTE-VALUE INEQUALITIES
the word AND means that both inequalities must be
Lesson 2-7
true. The first two number lines below show solutions
Absolute-value inequalities may be written using
of the two inequalities; the third number line shows
compound inequalities. Since the absolute value of x
the points that both graphs have in common.
gives the distance of x from 0 on a number line, an
x ≥ -2 inequality such as ⎪x⎥ < 3 represents all points less
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
than 3 units from 0; that is, x > -3 AND x < 3, or
x<4
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-3 < x < 3. Similarly, ⎪x⎥ > 3 is the set of all points
x ≥ -2 AND x < 4
more than 3 units from 0, which is the compound
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 inequality x < -3 OR x > 3.
Thus, the solution set of the compound inequality One of the key ideas of Lesson 2-7 is that absolute-
x ≥ -2 AND x < 4 is the intersection of the solution value inequalities may be used to express a range of
sets of x ≥ -2 and x < 4. Graphically, this intersection values. The absolute value of x - a gives the
is a line segment without one of its endpoints. Note distance between x and a on a number line. Therefore,
that compound inequalities involving AND can often be the absolute-value inequality ⎪x - a⎥ < k states that
written in a shorthand form: -2 ≤ x < 4. the distance between x and a is less than k. In other
words, the inequality represents the set of all values of
Now consider the compound inequality x < -2 OR
x that are less than k units from a.
x ≥ 4. If a value of x is a solution of this compound
inequality, the word OR means that x must be a This idea is useful in a variety of real-world
solution of at least one of the two inequalities. Here applications. For example, suppose that a machine
the solution set is the union of the solution sets of is set to cut pieces of fabric that are 2 meters long.
x < -2 and x ≥ 4. This is shown in the third number For quality-assurance purposes, the pieces of fabric
line below. may differ from this length by at most 3 millimeters
or 0.003 meter. The range of acceptable lengths is
x < -2 expressed by the inequality ⎪x - 2⎥ ≤ 0.003. That is, the
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
distance on a number line from x to 2 is at most 0.003.
x≥4
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
Equivalently, the relationship can be expressed with the
x < -2 OR x ≥ 4
compound inequality -0.003 ≤ x - 2 ≤ 0.003. By the
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 Addition Property of Inequality, it is
permissible to add 2 to each part of the inequality,
which gives the range of acceptable lengths as
1.997 ≤ x ≤ 2.003.
120B
2-4 Organizer Solving Two-Step and
2-4
Block __
1
2
day
Multi-Step Inequalities
Objective: Solve inequalities that Also CC.9-12.A.CED.1*
contain more than one operation. Objective Who uses this?
Solve inequalities that Contestants at a county fair can solve an
contain more than one inequality to find how many pounds a prize-
Online Edition operation.
winning pumpkin must weigh. (See Example 3.)
Tutorial Videos
At the county fair, contestants can enter contests

Countdown that judge animals, recipes, crops, art projects,
and more. Sometimes an average score or average
weight is used to determine the winner of the blue
ribbon. A contestant can use a multi-step inequality
to determine what score or weight is needed in
order to win.
Warm Up Inequalities that contain more than one operation

require more than one step to solve. Use inverse
Solve each equation. operations to undo the operations in the inequality
one at a time.
1. 2x - 5 = -17 -6
2x - 4
2. _ = 8 14 EXAMPLE 1 Solving Multi-Step Inequalities
3
Solve each inequality and graph Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
the solutions. A 160 + 4f ≤ 500
3. 5 < t + 9 t > -4 160 + 4f ≤ 500 Since 160 is added to 4f, subtract 160 from both
- 160 - 160 sides to undo the addition.
−−−−−−− −−−−
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 4f ≤ 340 Since f is multiplied by 4, divide both sides by 4
to undo the multiplication.
_ ≤_
a 4f
4. _ ≥ 4 a ≤ -8 340
-2 4 4
f ≤ 85
-16 -12 -8 -4 0 nx
Also available online ä £ä Óä Îä {ä xä Èä Çä nä ä £ää
B 7 - 2t ≤ 21
7 - 2t ≤ 21 Since 7 is added to -2t, subtract 7 from both sides
-7 -7 to undo the addition.
−−−−−− −−−
-2t ≤ 14
Q: What did the doctor say to the -2t
≥ 14_ _ Since t is multiplied by -2, divide both sides by
multi-step inequality? -2 -2 -2 to undo the multiplication. Change ≤ to ≥.
A: I can solve your problem with a t ≥ -7
few operations. Ç
1a. £Ó £ä n È { Ó

ä
1b.
© Peter Beck/CORBIS
x+5 - 2n ≥ 7
1c. 1a. -12 ≥ 3x + 6 1b. _ > 3 1c. 1_
x ≤ -6 -2x < -11 3 n ≤ -10
1 Introduce
Motivate
including equations with coefficients Solving Two-Step and

Multi-Step Inequalities
represented by letters. Explore the similarities and differences between solving An online movie-rental company has two movie-
equations and inequalities.
1. Consider the following steps in solving the equation
rental plans. Plan A costs $10 per month plus $3
and inequalities in one variable and use
5x 1 7. Fill in the rectangles to explain what was
______
2
done at each step.
for each movie rental. Plan B costs $20 per month
them to solve problems.* 5x 1 7
______
2 Multiply both sides by 2.
for unlimited movie rentals. Discuss with students
5x 1 14
5x 15
Add 1 to both sides. how to determine the number of movie rentals in
Divide both sides by 5.
x3 one month for which plan A is less than plan B.
5x 1 7.
2. Use the same steps to solve the inequality ______
2
5x 1 7 different from
3. How is the solution of the inequality ______
2
Tell students that they could use a two-step
5x 1 7?
the solution of the equation ______
2
4. What would you need to do differently if the inequality
inequality, which they will learn to solve in this
5x 1 7?
was ______
2
lesson.
THINK AND DISCUSS
State Resources Online 5. Explain how solving an inequality is similar to solving an
equation. Explorations and answers are provided in
6. Explain how solving an inequality is different from solving an
equation. your online resources.
2. 5x 1 7; 5x 1 14; 5x 15; x 3
______
2
3. The solution of the inequality is an infinite set of numbers; the solution of the equation is
120 Chapter 2
a single number.
4. Reverse the inequality symbol when multiplying both sides by 2.
To solve more complicated inequalities, you may first need to simplify the

"" Ê ,,",
expressions on one or both sides by using the order of operations, combining
like terms, or using the Distributive Property. ,/
When the variable is on the right
EXAMPLE 2 Simplifying Before Solving Inequalities side of the inequality, some students
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. may have difficulty rewriting it with
the variable on the left. For example,
A -4 + (-8) < -5c - 2
a student might rewrite 2 > c as
-12 < -5c - 2 Combine like terms. Since 2 is subtracted from -5c,
c > 2. Suggest that they choose
+2 +2 add 2 to both sides to undo the subtraction.
−−− −−−−−− a number for c that makes the
-10 < -5c
inequality true. If 2 > 1, then 1 < 2,
_ _
-10
>
-5c Since c is multiplied by -5, divide both sides by -5 so if 2 > c, then c < 2.
-5 -5 to undo the multiplication. Change < to >.
2 > c (or c < 2)
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
Additional Examples
B -3(3 - x) < 4 2
Example 1
-3(3 - x) < 4 2 Distribute -3 on the left side.
-3(3) - (-3)x < 4 2
the solutions.
-9 + 3x < 4 2
-9 + 3x < 16 Simplify the right side. A. 45 + 2b > 61 b>8
-9 + 3x < 16 Since -9 is added to 3x, add 9 to both sides
+9 +9 to undo the addition. 0 4 8 12 16
−−−−−− −−−
3x < 25 Since x is multiplied by 3, divide both sides by
3x 25 _ _ 3 to undo the multiplication. B. 8 - 3y ≥ 29 y ≤ -7
<
3 3
x < 8_1 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4
3
nÊÚÚ
Ê£ÊÊÊÊ
Î Example 2
ä £ Ó Î { x È Ç n £ä Solve each inequality and graph
the solutions.
C _4 x + _1 > _3
5 2 5 A. 2 - (-10) > -4t t > -3
(
4x + _
10 _
5
1 > 10
2 ) (_35 ) Multiply both sides by 10, the LCD of the
fractions.
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
4
( )
10 x + 10 _
_
5
1 > 10
2 () (_35 ) Distribute 10 on the left side. B. -4(2 - x) ≤ 8 x≤4
8x + 5 > 6 Since 5 is added to 8x, subtract 5 from
-5 -5 both sides to undo the addition. -2 0 2 4 6
−−−−− −−−
8x > 1 2 1 1 1
C. _ f + _ > _ f > -_
8x
> 1 _ _ Since x is multiplied by 8, divide both sides 3 2 3 4
8 8 by 8 to undo the multiplication.
x> 1
_ -__1 -__14 0 __1 __1
8 2 4 2
2a.
2b. ÊÚÚ
Ê£ ÊÚÚ
ÊÎÊÊÊÊÊÚÚ
Ê£ ÊÚÚ
Ê£ÊÊÊÊ ä ÚÚÊ£ÊÊÊÊ ÚÚÊ£ÊÊÊÊ ÚÚÊÎÊÊÊ ÚÚÊ£ÊÊÊ ÚÚÊxÊÊÊ ÚÚÊÎÊÊÊ
Ó n { n n { n Ó n {

2c. Ê??

Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. x>21 _
x > -4

m > 10 1 3
2a. 2m + 5 > 5 2
2b. 3 + 2 (x + 4) > 3 2c. _ 3x- _
5 <_ INTERVENTION
Questioning
8 8 4 Strategies
2- 4 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Inequalities 121
EX AM P LE 1
• What operations would you use to
2 Teach solve the inequality? Why?
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L04.indd 121
AM 2/4/11 11:48:27 PM
EX AM P LE 2
Guided Instruction Through Visual Cues
• What is the difference between
Review the properties of inequality and Give students several multi-step inequali-
simplifying and solving?
remind students that the inequality symbol ties. Ask students to identify the operations
must be reversed when multiplying performed on the variable (in order). Ask
or dividing both sides of an inequality by students to identify the steps to solve the
a negative number. Also remind students inequality (in order). They can make a
to check their solution by checking the chart, as shown below.
endpoint and the inequality symbol. Operations Operations
Inequality on Variable to Solve
1. Multiply by 3. 3. Divide by 3.
3p + 2
_
5> 2. Add 2. 2. Subtract 2.
4
3. Divide by 4. 1. Multiply by 4.
Lesson 2-4 121

EXAMPLE 3 Gardening Application
To win the blue ribbon for the Heaviest Pumpkin Crop
Additional Examples at the county fair, the average weight of John’s two
pumpkins must be greater than 819 lb. One of his
Example 3 pumpkins weighs 887 lb. What is the least number
of pounds the second pumpkin could weigh in
To rent a certain vehicle, Rent-A- order for John to win the blue ribbon?
Ride charges $55.00 per day with
Let p represent the weight of the second
unlimited miles. The cost of rent- pumpkin. The average weight of the pumpkins
ing a similar vehicle at We Got is the sum of each weight divided by 2.
Wheels is $38.00 per day plus
$0.20 per mile. For what number
of miles is the cost at Rent-A- (887 plus p) divided by 2 must be greater than 819.
Ride less than the cost at We Got
Wheels? more than 85 miles (887 + p) ÷ 2 > 819

887
_ +p Since 887 + p is divided by 2, multiply both
> 819
2 sides by 2 to undo the division.
INTERVENTION
Questioning
(887 + p
2 _ > 2(819)
2 )
Strategies
Questioning Strategies 887 + p > 1638 Since 887 is added to p, subtract 887 from
- 887 - 887 both sides to undo the addition.
−−−−−−− −−−−
EX A M P L E 3 p > 751
• How do you know which inequality The second pumpkin must weigh more than 751 pounds.
symbol to use? Check Check the endpoint, 751. Check a number greater than 751.
887
_ +p 887
_ +p
= 819 > 819
2 2
887
_ + 751 887
_ + 755
819 > 819
2 2
1638
_ 819 _1642 > 819
2 2
819 819 ✓ 821 > 819 ✓
3. The average of Jim’s two test scores must be at least 90 to make

an A in the class. Jim got a 95 on his first test. What scores can
Jim get on his second test to make an A in the class?
Jim’s score must be at least 85.
THINK AND DISCUSS

1. The inequality v ≥ 25 states that 25 is the ? . (value of v, minimum
value of v, or maximum value of v)
+5
2. Describe two sets of steps for solving the inequality x____
3
> 7.
3. GET ORGANIZED Copy and
Paul Sakuma/AP/Wide World Photos

Solving Multi-Step
complete the graphic organizer. Equations and Inequalities
How are they

How are they alike?
different?

CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L04.indd 122 1. minimum value of v 4027011 11:19:11 A
and INTERVENTION
2. 1. Multiply both sides by 3, and then
Summarize subtract 5 from both sides.
Have students solve and graph the follow- Diagnose Before the Lesson 2. Rewrite the left side as __
x
+ __
5
,
Warm Up, TE 3 3
ing inequalities.
subtract __
5
3
from both sides, and then
8 - 3x < 20 x > -4 multiply both sides by 3.
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 Monitor During the Lesson
Check It Out! Exercises, SE 3. See Additional Answers.
5 - 13 ≥ 16t t ≤ - __
1
-2 -1__1 -1 - __1
2 Questioning Strategies, TE
0
2 2
-2(1 - y) < 42 y<9
0 3 6 9 12 Assess After the Lesson
1
_ 1 2 Lesson Quiz, TE
p - _ >_ p>5
5 3 3 Alternative Assessment, TE
2 3 4 5 6
122 Chapter 2
2-4 2-4 Exercises

Assign Guided Practice exercises
SEE EXAMPLE 1 1. 2m + 1 > 13 2. 2d + 21 ≤ 11 3. 6 ≤ -2x + 2 4. 4c - 7 > 5
as necessary.
4+x - 2x ≤ 7
5. _ > -4 6. 1 < 0.2x - 0.7 7. 3
_ 8. 2x + 5 ≥ 2
3 3 If you finished Examples 1–2
SEE EXAMPLE 2 9. 4 (x + 2) > 6 1x + _
10. _ 3
2 <_ 11. 4 - x + 6 ≥ 21 2 Basic 16–36, 38–49, 51–58
4 3 4 Average 16–36, 38–49, 50–54,
12. 4 - x > 3(4 - 2) 13. 0.2(x - 10) > -1.8 14. 3(j + 41) ≤ 35 68–70
SEE EXAMPLE 3 15. Business A sales representative is given a choice of two paycheck plans. One Advanced 16–36, 38–48 even,
choice includes a monthly base pay of $300 plus 10% commission on his sales. The 50–54, 68–76
second choice is a monthly salary of $1200. For what amount of sales would
the representative make more money with the first plan? sales of more than $9000 If you finished Examples 1–3
Basic 16–49, 51–62, 64–67,
77–86
PRACTICE AND PROBLEM SOLVING Average 16–37, 38–48 even,
Independent Practice Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. 50–70
For See w+3
Exercises Example 16. 4r - 9 > 7 17. 3 ≤ 5 - 2x 18. _ > 6 19. 11w + 99 < 77 Advanced 16–26 even, 28–37,
2
16–27 1 38–48 even, 50–76
28–36 2 1v+3
20. 9 ≥ _ 21. -4x - 8 > 16 2z≤2
22. 8 - _ 1 < -2
23. f + 2 _
2 3 2
37 3 Homework Quick Check
-8 ≥2 5 - 3p
Extra Practice 24. 3n
_ 25. -5 > -5 - 3w 26. 10 > _ 1
27. 2v + 1 > 2 _ Quickly check key concepts.
5 2 3
See Extra Practice for Exercises: 18, 32, 37, 46, 54, 60
more Skills Practice and 28. 4 (x + 3) > -24 29. 4 > x - 3 (x + 2) 30. -18 ≥ 33 - 3h
exercises.
31. -2 > 7x - 2(x - 4) 32. 9 - (9) 2 > 10x - x 33. 2a - (-3) 2 ≥ 13
Math Background There
x +1>_
34. 6 - _ 2 35. 12(x - 3) + 2x > 6 36. 15 ≥ 19 + 2(q - 18)
3 3
is more than one way to
solve problems with frac-
37. Communications One cell phone company offers a plan that costs $29.99 and
tions. Exercise 44 could be solved
includes unlimited night and weekend minutes. Another company offers a plan
by subtracting __1
from both sides
that costs $19.99 and charges $0.35 per minute during nights and weekends. For 6
what numbers of night and weekend minutes does the second company’s plan
and then multiplying both sides by
cost more than the first company’s plan? starting at 29 min -__
3
2
, by subtracting __
1
6
from both sides
and then dividing both sides by -__ 2
3
,
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. or by multiplying both sides by the
2x-5>7 LCD and then solving.
38. -12 > -4x - 8 39. 5x + 4 ≤ 14 40. _
3
41. x - 3x > 2 - 10 42. 5 - x - 2 > 3 43. 3 < 2x - 5(x + 3) Answers
1 -_
44. _ 2m≥_
1 45. 4 - (r - 2) > 3 - 5 46. 0.3 - 0.5n + 1 ≥ 0.4 1. m > 6
6 3 4 0 2 4 6 8
1 p - 10 ≥ 6 - 4
49. _
47. 6 2 > 4(x + 2) 48. -4 - 2n + 4n > 7 - 2 2
4
( ) 2. d ≤ -5
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
50. Use the inequality -4t - 8 ≤ 12 to fill in the missing numbers.
3. x ≤ -2
a. t ≥ -5 b. t + 4 ≥ -1 c. t - -5 ≥ 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
d. t + 10 ≥ 5 e. 3t ≥ -15 f. _t ≥ -5
1■

in solving them. Exercises 15, 37, 59–61
Answers 11. x ≤ 19
17 18 19 20 21 Construct viable arguments and critique
AM 4. c > 3
the reasoning of others. Exercises
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 12. x < -2
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 62–63
5. x > -16
-32 -24 -16 -8 0 13. x > 1
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
8.5
6. x > 8.5 -29 __
1
1 3
0 3 6 9 12 14. j ≤ -29 _
3
7. x ≥ - 9 -30 -29 -28
-12 -9 -6 -3 0
8. x ≥ - _3 16–36, 38–49. See Additional Answers.
2
- __ - __
3 1
-2 -1 0
2 2
1
9. x > - _
2
-2 -1 __ -1 - __
1 1
0
2 2
1 State Resources Online
10. x < _
3 __ 1 __ 2
0 1
3 3
Lesson 2-4 123

Write an inequality for each statement. Solve the inequality and graph the solutions.
Reading Math In
Exercise 53, students 51. One-half of a number, increased by 9, is less than 33.
may incorrectly interpret 52. Six is less than or equal to the sum of 4 and -2x.
the inequality as 4n + 12 ≤ 16.
53. The product of 4 and the sum of a number and 12 is at most 16.
Remind students that the
product of a sum requires 54. The sum of half a number and two-thirds of the number is less than 14.
parentheses.
Solve each inequality and match the solution to the correct graph.
Inclusion In Exercise 60, 55. 4x - 9 ≥ 7 A. x ≥ 4; B
students must write an x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
inequality using the for- 56. -6 ≥ 3(x - 2) B. x ≤ 0; D
mula for the area of a triangle where x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
the height is a sum, __
 12 (  5)( 2x + 3)<
ÚÚ
Î
ÓÊÊÊ
55. Students may distribute 5 and  __ 1
2
 
57. -2x - 6 ≥ -4 + 2 C. x ≤ -2; A
before using inverse operations, or
_3 ; C
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
they may multiply both sides by  __ 2
   
( )
2
5 1 -_
58. _ 1x ≤ _
2 +_
1 D. x≥-
before using inverse operations. 2 3 3 3 2
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
59. Entertainment A digital video recorder (DVR) records television shows on an internal
Exercise 61 involves hard drive. To use a DVR, you need a subscription with a DVR service company. Two
using an inequality companies advertise their charges for a DVR machine and subscription service.
to find the number
of CDs a band can have made. This
exercise prepares students for the
Multi-Step Test Prep.
Answers
1
51.  _    x + 9 < 33; x < 48
2
For what numbers of months will a consumer pay less for the machine and
0 16 32 48 64 subscription at Easy Electronics than at Cable Solutions? 24 months or more
52. 6 ≤ 4 - 2x; x ≤ -1 60. Geometry The area of the triangle shown is less than 55 square inches.
a. Write an inequality that can be used to find x.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
_
60a. 1 (5)(2x + 3) < 55 b. Solve the inequality you wrote in part a. x < 9.5
(2x + 3) in.
2 c. What is the maximum height of the triangle? 22 in.

53. 4(x + 12)≤ 16; x ≤ -8
5 in.
-16 -12 -8 -4 0 61. a. A band wants to create a CD of their last Number Process Cost
1 2
54.  _    x +  _   x < 14; x < 12 concert. They received a donation of $500 to
1 350 + 3 353
2 3 cover the cost. The total cost is $350 plus $3 per
CD. Complete the table to find a relationship 2 350 + 3(2) 356
0 4 8 12 16 between the number of CDs and the total cost. 3 350 + 3(3) 359
b. Write an equation for the cost c of the CDs 10 350 + 3(10) 380
based on the number of CDs n. c = 350 + 3n
n 350 + 3(n)
c. Write an inequality that can be used to
determine how many CDs can be made with 350 + 3(n)
the $500 donation. Solve the inequality and determine how many CDs the band
can have made from the $500 donation.
© Brand X Pictures
350 + 3n ≤ 500; n ≤ 50; 50 CDs or fewer
Practice A
Practice C
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________
LESSON Practice B
2-4
Practice B
Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Inequalities 124 Chapter 2 Inequalities
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________ Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________ Name __________
1. −3a + 10 < −11 2. 4x − 12 ≥ 20

Reading Strategies Review for Mastery Rev
Reading Strategies Reteach
LESSON LESSON
a>7 x≥8 2-4 2-4

Compare and Contrast Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Inequalities Solv
The chart below summarizes the similarities and differences between When solving inequalities with more than one step, use inverse operations to isolate the Solving inequa
multi-step equations and multi-step inequalities when there is a variable variable. The order of the inverse operations is the order of the operations in reverse. You can clearing fractio
2k − 3 1 2 check your solution by substituting the endpoint and another point in the solution back into the inequality by th
3. >7 4. − z+ ≤2 on one side.
−5 5 3 original inequality.
3 1
k < −16 z ≥ −62 CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L04.indd 124 Solve −5x + 3 < 23 and graph the Check: 2/4/11 11:48:33
Solve x PM
2
+
6
3 solutions.
Try −4. Try 6. 3
−5x + 3 < 23 x +
−5x + 3 < 23 −5x + 3 < 23 2
−3 −3
⎛3 1
−5x < 20 Add −3 to each side. ? ? 6⎜ x +
5. 6(n − 8) ≥ −18 6. 10 − 2 (3x + 4) < 11 −5(−4) + 3 < 23 −5(6) + 3 < 23 ⎝2 6
n≥5 x > −11 −5x

<
20
Divide both sides by −5. 20 + 3 < 23
?
−30 + 3 < 23
?
2 −5 −5 ⎛3 ⎞ ⎛1
? ? 6 ⎜ x⎟ + 6 ⎜
23 < 23 −27 < 23 ⎝2 ⎠ ⎝6
x > −4 Reverse the
inequality sign. The endpoint −4 is not a solution. The open 9x +
7. 7 + 2c − 42 ≤ −9 8. 15p + 3(p − 1) > 3 (23) circle on the graph is correct. The value 6
is a solution. The direction of the inequality
1
c≤0 p> 1 symbol is correct.
2
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. 9

c
1. −3e − 10 ≤ −4 2. + 8 > 11
Write and solve an inequality for each problem. 2
9. A full-year membership to a gym costs $325 upfront with no monthly e ≥ −2 c>6
charge. A monthly membership costs $100 upfront and $30 per month.
For what numbers of months is it less expensive to have a monthly membership? Solve each ine
30m + 100 < 325; m < 7.5; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 months 3. 15 ≤ 3 − 4s 4.
3
j +1>4 5
Answer each question. 5. − x+3<
10. The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle must 4 6
be greater than the length of the third side. What are the 1. Why are solutions to inequalities graphed on number lines?
s ≤ −3 j>4
possible values of x for this triangle? to show the infinitely many solutions
x + 5 + 3x > 40; x > 8.75
2. Show what the solution x = 5 looks
like when graphed on a number line. x>3
3. What one value is the solution to the equation 3(x + 4) = 9? −1 2
7. (g + 4) −
3
4. List five values that are solutions to the inequality 3(x + 4) < 9. Possible Answer:
−2,−3, −4, −5, −6
28 Holt McDougal Algebra 1 5. Do −2x + 3 = 7 and −2x + 3 ≥ 7 have any solutions in common? yes g<5
If so, what? −2
124
Chapter 2 3/2/11 2:24:36 AM
Original content Copyrigh

62. Critical Thinking What is the least whole number that is a solution of
For Exercise 66, the
4r - 4.9 > 14.95 ? r = 5
verbal translation
63. Write About It Describe two sets of steps to solve 2 (x + 3) > 10. for the left side of
1. Divide both sides by 2, and then subtract 3 from both sides. the inequality is correct for all four
2. Distribute 2 on the left side, subtract 6 from both sides, and then divide both sides by 2. choices. Choice D can be eliminated
because is means “equal.” “At least”
64. What are the solutions of 3y > 2x + 4 when y = 6? and “at most” both indicate or-equal-
7>x x>7 x > 11 11 > x to symbols.
65. Cecilia has $30 to spend at a carnival. Admission costs $5.00, lunch will cost $6.00,
and each ride ticket costs $1.25. Which inequality represents the number of ride Answers
tickets x that Cecilia can buy? 68–76. For graphs, see Additional
30 - (5 - 6) + 1.25x ≤ 30 30 - (5 + 6) ≤ 1.25x Answers.
5 + 6 + 1.25x ≤ 30 30 + 1.25x ≤ 5 + 6
66. Which statement is modeled by 2p + 5 < 11?

Journal
The sum of 5 and 2 times p is at least 11.
Write about the differences and
Five added to the product of 2 and p is less than 11.
similarities in solving a multi-step
Two times p plus 5 is at most 11. inequality and a multi-step equation.
The product of 2 and p added to 5 is 11. Include a comparison of the solu-
tions and the methods of checking
67. Gridded Response A basketball team scored 8 points more in its second game
than in its first. In its third game, the team scored 42 points. The total number of
the solutions.
points scored in the three games was more than 150. What is the least number of
points the team might have scored in its second game? 59
CHALLENGE AND EXTEND Instruct students to write a real-

Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. world problem that can be modeled
2+x by an inequality that requires at least
68. 3(x + 2) - 6x + 6 ≤ 0 69. -18 > -(2x + 9) - 4 + x 70. _ - (x - 1) > 1
2 two steps to solve. Ask students to
x≥4 x>5 x<2
solve the inequality explaining each
Write an inequality for each statement. Graph the solutions. step. Students should explain the
71. x is a positive number. x > 0 72. x is a negative number. x < 0 meaning of the solution in the con-
73. x is a nonnegative number. x ≥ 0 74. x is not a positive number. x ≤ 0 text of the problem.
75. x times negative 3 is positive. -3x > 0 76. The opposite of x is greater than 2.
-x > 2
2-4

the solutions.
1. 13 - 2x ≥ 21 x ≤ -4
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
2. -11 + 2 < 3p p > -3
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
3. 23 < -2(3 - t) t > 7

Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________ Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________
Challenge
Problem solving
Problem Solving
challenge
LESSON
4 5 6 7 8
LESSON
2-4 2-4
Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Inequalities Solving Multi-Step Inequalities
1 1 2 1  
Write and solve an inequality for each situation. As you have already seen, when you solve a linear equation, you find a
4. _
     n +  _  <  _    n <  _
definite value. If the variable is equal to 3, then the number line is divided
1. Jillene is playing in a basketball 2. Marcus has accepted a job selling cell
into three parts: the number 3, those numbers greater than 3, and those
3 2 3 2
tournament and scored 24 points in phones. He will be paid $1500 plus 15%
numbers less than 3. When you deal with multiple inequalities, you divide
her first game. If she averages over of his sales each month. He needs to
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L04.indd 125for both games, she will
20 points earn at least $2430 to pay his bills. For
the number line into even more parts. 2/4/11 11:48:35 PM
receive a trophy. How many points can what amount of sales will Marcus be able In Exercises 1–3, use the number line below.
Jillene score in the second game and to pay his bills?
-__1 __1
receive a trophy?
1500 + 0.15s ≥ 2430;
p + 24
1. Draw a graph showing the solutions to x ≥ 3 and x < 7. -1 0 1
> 20; p > 16 s ≥ 6200 2 2
2
2. What integers satisfy both of these inequalities? 3, 4, 5, 6
3. A 15-foot-tall cedar tree is growing at a 4. Binh brought $23 with her to the county
rate of 2 feet per year beneath power
lines that are 58 feet above the ground.
fair. She purchased a $5 T-shirt and now
wants to buy some locally grown plants
3. What inequalities describe your response in Exercise 2?
x ≥ 3 and x ≤ 6 where x is an integer. 5. A video store has two movie-
The power company will have to prune or for $2.50 each. What are the numbers of
rental plans. Plan A includes
On a certain freeway, the minimum allowable speed is 40 miles
remove the tree before it reaches the plants that she can purchase with her
per hour, and the maximum allowable speed is 55 miles per hour.
lines. How many years can the power remaining money?
company wait before taking action? Use the information above to answer Exercises 4–6.
15 + 2y < 58; 5 + 2.5p ≤ 23; p ≤ 7.2; 0, 1, 2, 4. Write an inequality for each driving situation. a $25 membership fee plus
y < 21.5 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 plants a. A motorist is driving too fast. x > 55
Benedict, Ricardo, and Charlie are considering opportunities for summer

b. A motorist is driving too slow. x > 0 and x < 40 $1.25 for each movie rental.
5. Is it technically correct to say that the speed limit is exactly 55 miles
work. The table below shows the jobs open to them and the pay for each.
Use this information to answer questions 5–7. per hour? Plan B costs $40 for unlimited
5. Benedict has saved $91 from last year No, since there is a lower limit as well as an upper limit
and would like to baby-sit to earn enough
to buy a mountain bike. A good quality
Job
Mowing Lawns
Pay
$15 per lawn
6. Write multiple inequalities for each situation. movie rentals. For what num-
bike costs at least $300. What numbers a. The driver’s speed is within the speed limits. x ≥ 40 and x ≤ 55
of hours h can Benedict baby-sit to reach
his goal?
Baby-Sitting
Tutoring
$5.50 per hour
$9 per session
b. The driver’s speed is outside of the speed limits. x > 0 and x < 40 or x > 55 ber of movie rentals is plan B
People use multiple inequalities when they deal with real-estate situations.
A h ≥ 14
B h ≥ 23
C h ≥ 38
D h ≥ 71
7. Charlie has agreed to mow his neighbor’s
lawn each week and will also baby-sit
7. John and Marsha would like to buy a house priced at $185,000, plus or
minus $5,000.
less than plan A?
more than 12 movies
6. Ricardo has agreed to tutor for the some hours. If he makes $100 or more
school. He owes his older brother $59 each week, his parents will charge him a. What are the maximum and minimum house price maximum: $190,000;
and would like to end the summer with at rent. How many hours h should Charlie that they are willing to pay? minimum: $180,000
least $400 in savings. How many agree to baby-sit each week to avoid
b. Write a pair of inequalities describing their price range.
sessions s can Ricardo tutor to meet his
goal?
paying rent?
x ≥ $180,000 and x ≤ $190,000 Also available online
A h ≤ 15 C h ≤ 21
8. Use inequalities to describe the following sentence:
F s ≥ 31 H s ≥ 51 B h ≥ 15 D h ≥ 21 “We sell houses priced at $80,000, plus or minus $5,000,
G s ≥ 38 J s ≥ 83 to houses priced at $250,000, plus or minus $5,000.”
x ≥ $75,000 and x ≤ $255,000
Lesson 2-4 125

2-5 Organizer Solving Inequalities with
2-5
Block __
1
2
day
Variables on Both Sides
CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients represented
Objective: Solve inequalities by letters. Also CC.9-12.A.CED.1*
that contain variable terms on both Objective Who uses this?
sides. Solve inequalities that Business owners can use inequalities to
contain variable terms find the most cost-efficient services.
on both sides.
(See Example 2.)
Algebra Lab
In Algebra Lab Activities Some inequalities have variable terms on both
sides of the inequality symbol. You can solve these
Technology Lab inequalities like you solved equations with variables
In Technology Lab Activities on both sides.
Use the properties of inequality to “collect” all the

Online Edition variable terms on one side and all the constant
Tutorial Videos terms on the other side.
Countdown EXAMPLE 1 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides

A x < 3x + 8
x < 3x + 8 To collect the variable terms on one side,
-x -x subtract x from both sides.
−−− −−−−−
Your first step can 0 < 2x + 8 Since 8 is added to 2x, subtract 8 from both
also be to subtract -8 -8 sides to undo the addition.
Warm Up 3x from both sides −−− −−−−−
-8 < 2x
to get -2x < 8.
Solve each equation. When you divide by _
-8
<_
2x Since x is multiplied by 2, divide both sides by 2
a negative number, 2 2 to undo the multiplication.
1. 2x = 7x + 15 x = -3 remember to reverse -4 < x (or x > -4)
the inequality
2. 3y - 21 = 4 - 2y y=5 symbol.
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
3. 2(3z + 1) = -2(z + 3)
z = -1 B 6x - 1 ≤ 3.5x + 4
4. 3(p - 1) = 3p + 2 6x - 1 ≤ 3.5x + 4 Subtract 6x from both sides.
no solution - 6x -6x
−−−−−− −−−−−−−
-1 ≤ -2.5x + 4 Since 4 is added to -2.5x, subtract 4 from
5. Solve and graph
-4 -4 both sides to undo the addition.
5(2 - b) > 52. b < -3 −−− −−−−−−−
-5 ≤ -2.5x
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
_ _
-5
≥
-2.5x Since x is multiplied by -2.5, divide both sides
0 -2.5 -2.5 by-2.5 to undo the multiplication. Reverse
2≥x the inequality symbol.
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
1a. Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
© Ariel Skelley/CORBIS

1a. 4x ≥ 7x + 6 x ≤ -2 1b. 5t + 1 < -2t - 6 t < -1
Q: What did Miss Manners say to the 1b.

inequality symbol?
A: It’s not polite to point.
1 Introduce
Motivate
Solving Inequalities with
including equations with coefficients Variables on Both Sides
represented by letters. Using a graphing calculator, follow the steps below to
Present two ski-ticket plans to students. Plan A
explore the inequality 5x 2x 9.
costs $45 per day and includes equipment and
1. Press . Enter 5X for Y1 and 2X 9
the lift ticket; plan B costs $350 for the season
Y=
and inequalities in one variable and use for Y2.
them to solve problems.* and includes equipment but not the $20 lift ticket.
TABLE
2. Press 2nd GRAPH . Use the arrow keys Discuss with students how to determine the
to scroll up and down the table. For
which values of x is Y1 less number of days for which plan A costs less than
than Y2? for values of x less than 3
3. Substitute several of the x-values from

plan B. 45x < 350 + 20x Tell students that they
step 2 in the inequality 5x 2x 9.
Are they solutions of the inequality? yes
could use an inequality with variables on both
4. What are the solutions of 5x 2x 9? Graph the solutions sides, which they will learn to solve in this lesson.
on a number line. x 3
State Resources Online 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10

THINK AND DISCUSS
5. Discuss whether the table shows all solutions of 5x 2x 9.
No; it only shows integer solutions.
your online resources.
6. Explain how you could use a calculator to find solutions of
126 Chapter 2
the inequality 7x 1 2x 9.
EXAMPLE 2 Business Application
The Daily Info charges a fee of
$650 plus $80 per week to run an Additional Examples
ad. The People’s Paper charges
$145 per week. For how many Example 1
weeks will the total cost at Daily
Info be less expensive than the Solve each inequality and graph
cost at People’s Paper? the solutions.
Let w be the number of weeks the ad runs in the paper. A. y ≤ 4y + 18 y ≥ -6
People’s
Daily $80 is less number -8 -6 -4 -2 0
number Paper
Info plus per times expensive times of
of weeks charge per 9
fee week than weeks. B. 4m - 3 < 2m + 6 m<_
week 2
$650 + $80 · w < $145 · w

__8 __9 __
10 __
11 __
12
2 2 2 2 2
650 + 80w < 145w Example 2

- 80w - 80w Subtract 80w from both sides.
The Home Cleaning Company
−−−−−−− −−−−−
650 < 65w Since w is multiplied by 65, divide both sides by
charges $312 to power-wash
65 to undo the multiplication.
_
650
<_
65w the siding of a house plus $12
65 65 for each window. Power Clean
10 < w charges $36 per window, and the
The total cost at Daily Info is less than the cost at People’s Paper if the ad price includes power-washing the
runs for more than 10 weeks. siding. How many windows must
a house have to make the total
2. A-Plus Advertising charges a fee of $24 plus $0.10 per flyer to cost from The Home Cleaning
print and deliver flyers. Print and More charges $0.25 per flyer. Company less expensive than
For how many flyers is the cost at A-Plus Advertising less than
the cost at Print and More? more than 160 flyers Power Clean?
more than 13 windows
You may need to simplify one or both sides of an inequality before solving it. Example 3
Look for like terms to combine and places to use Distributive Property.
the solutions.
EXAMPLE 3 Simplifying Each Side Before Solving
A. 2(k - 3) > 6 + 3k - 3
k < -9
A 6(1 - x) < 3x
6 (1 - x) < 3x Distribute 6 on the left side of the inequality. -12 -9 -6 -3 0
6(1) - 6(x) < 3x B. 0.9 y ≥ 0.4 y - 0.5 y ≥ -1

6 - 6x < 3x Add 6x to both sides so that the coefficient of
+ 6x + 6x x is positive.
−−−−− −−− -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
6 < 9x
6
<
9x _ _ Since x is multiplied by 9, divide both sides by 9 to Also available online
9 9 undo the multiplication.
2 <x
_
3
INTERVENTION
Questioning
ÊÚÚ
Ê£ÊÊÊÊ ä Ê ÊÚÚ
£
ÊÊÊ ÊÚÚ
Ó
ÊÊÊÊ £ £ÊÚÚ
Ê£ÊÊÊ £ÊÚÚ
ÊÓÊÊÊÊ Ó ÓÊÚÚ
Ê£ÊÊÊÊ ÓÊÚÚ
ÊÓÊÊÊÊ Î Strategies
Î Î Î Î Î Î Î
2-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides 127 EX AM P LE 1

• How do you decide on which side
2 Teach
of the inequality to gather the vari-
able terms?
AM
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L05.indd 127 2/17/11 4:07:07 AM
2
Guided Instruction EX AM P LE
• How do you know which inequality
Before solving inequalities with variables Through Communication
symbol to use?
on both sides, review the steps used to Give students one inequality at a time. For
solve equations with variables on both each, ask the following questions. EX AM P LE 3
sides.
• On which side of the inequality would • How can you tell when an expres-
Visual Cues To help students you gather the variable terms? Why? sion is simplified?
focus on simplifying first, tell • Would the inequality symbol need to be
them to cover up the right side reversed?
of the inequality and simplify the left side. Example: 3x + 1 < 4x
Then cover the left side and simplify the
Possible answers: right, to keep the vari-
right side.
able positive; not unless you rewrite the
solutions of the inequality with the variable
on the left
Lesson 2-5 127
B 1.6x ≤ -0.2x + 0.9
Additional Examples In Example 3B, you 1.6x ≤ -0.2x + 0.9
Since -0.2x is added to 0.9, subtract -0.2x from
can also multiply + 0.2x + 0.2x both sides. Subtracting -0.2x is the same as
−−−−− −−−−−−−−
Example 4 each term in the 1.8x ≤ 0.9 adding 0.2x.
inequality by the
Solve each inequality. same power of 10 _ _
1.8x
≤
0.9 Since x is multiplied by 1.8, divide both sides by 1.8
to clear the decimals. 1.8 1.8 to undo the multiplication.
A. 2x - 7 ≤ 5 + 2x 10(1.6x) ≤ 10(-0.2x) 1
x≤ _
?? ?? ??
all real numbers + 10(0.9) 2
16x ≤ -2x + 9
B. 2(3y - 2) - 4 ≥ 3(2y + 7)
no solutions
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Check your
Also available online answer.
3a. 5(2 - r) ≥ 3(r - 2) r ≤ 2 3b. 0.5x - 0.3 + 1.9x < 0.3x + 6
x<3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
INTERVENTION
Questioning Some inequalities are true no matter what value is substituted for the variable.
Strategies
Questioning Strategies For these inequalities, all real numbers are solutions.
Some inequalities are false no matter what value is substituted for the variable.
EX A M P L E 4 These inequalities have no solutions.
• How can you tell whether the If both sides of an inequality are fully simplified and the same variable term
solution of an inequality is all real appears on both sides, then the inequality has all real numbers as solutions or
numbers or whether the inequality it has no solutions. Look at the other terms in the inequality to decide which is
has no solutions? the case.
EXAMPLE 4 All Real Numbers as Solutions or No Solutions

A x+5≥x+3
x+5≥x+3
The same variable term (x) appears on both sides. Look at the other
terms.
For any number x, adding 5 will always result in a greater number than
adding 3.
All values of x make the inequality true.
All real numbers are solutions.
B 2(x + 3) < 5 + 2x
2x + 6 < 5 + 2x Distribute 2 on the left side.
The same variable term (2x) appears on both sides. Look at the other
terms.
For any number 2x, adding 6 will never result in a lesser number than
adding 5.
No values of x make the inequality true.
There are no solutions.

4a. 4(y - 1) ≥ 4y + 2 4b. x - 2 < x + 1
no solutions all real numbers
3 Close
Have students solve the following and Diagnose Before the Lesson
explain each step. Warm Up, TE
a + 8 > 3a a<4
2(x - 3) > x - 52 x > -19 Monitor During the Lesson
4(1 - t) < -2(2t + 3) no solutions Questioning Strategies, TE

Lesson Quiz, TE
128 Chapter 2
THINK AND DISCUSS 1. Possible answer: Subtract 5c
1. Explain how you would collect the variable terms to solve the inequality from both sides of the inequality
5c - 4 > 8c + 2. so that all variable terms are
Solutions of on the right side. Then subtract
2. GET ORGANIZED Copy and complete the graphic
Inequalities with 2 from both sides so that all con-
organizer. In each box, give an example of an Variables on Both
inequality of the indicated type. stant terms are on the left side.
Sides
All real numbers No solutions
2-5 2-5 Exercises

Exercises

SEE EXAMPLE 1 Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
1. 2x > 4x - 6 x < 3 2. 7y + 1 ≤ y - 5 y ≤ -1
Assign Guided Practice exercises
as necessary.
3. 27x + 33 > 58x - 29 x < 2 4. -3r < 10 - r r > -5
5. 5c - 4 > 8c + 2 c < -2 6. 4.5x - 3.8 ≥ 1.5x - 2.3 x ≥
_1 If you finished Examples 1–2
2 Basic 20–26, 39–42, 44, 49,
SEE EXAMPLE 2 7. School The school band will sell pizzas to raise money for new uniforms. The 52–56, 60
supplier charges $100 plus $4 per pizza. If the band members sell the pizzas for Average 20–26, 42, 44, 49,
$7 each, how many pizzas will they have to sell to make a profit? at least 34 pizzas
52–56, 66
SEE EXAMPLE 3 Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Advanced 20–26, 42, 44, 49,
8. 5(4 + x) ≤ 3(2 + x) x ≤ -7 9. -4(3 - p) > 5(p + 1) p < -17 52–56, 66
10. 2(6 - x) < 4x x > 2 11. 4x > 3(7 - x) x > 3 If you finished Examples 1–4
1f+_
12. _ 3 ≥_ 1f 13. -36.72 + 5.65t < 0.25t t < 6.8 Basic 20–49, 51–58, 60–65
2 4 4
f ≥ -3
Average 20–38, 40–48 even,
SEE EXAMPLE 4 Solve each inequality. 49–51, 56–66
no solutions no solutions
14. 2(x - 2) ≤ -2 (1 - x) 15. 4(y + 1) < 4y + 2 16. 4v + 1 < 4v - 7 Advanced 24, 26, 27–38, 40–48
all real numbers even, 49–51, 56–59,
17. b - 4 ≥ b - 6 18. 3(x - 5) > 3x 19. 2k + 7 ≥ 2(k + 14)
all real numbers no solutions no solutions 61–72
PRACTICE AND PROBLEM SOLVING Homework Quick Check

Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. x>1 Quickly check key concepts.
20. 3x ≤ 5x + 8 x ≥ -4 21. 9y + 3 > 4y - 7 y > -2 22. 1.5x - 1.2 < 3.1x - 2.8 Exercises: 24, 26, 28, 38, 40, 44
23. 7 + 4b ≥ 3b b ≥ -7 24. 7 - 5t < 4t - 2 t > 1 25. 2.8m - 5.2 > 0.8m + 4.8
m>5
26. Geometry For what values of x is the area
of the rectangle greater than the area of the
triangle? x > 8 ÝÊÊÓ £ä
£Ó ÝÊÊ£È
2-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides 129
Answers 8. 21.
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
1.
M CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L05.indd 129 4027011 11:20:43 AM
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 9. 22. in solving them. Exercises 7, 26, 49–51,
2. -19 -18 -17 -16 -15 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
56–57
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 10. 23.
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
3. Exercises 70–71
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 11. 24.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Construct viable arguments and critique
4. the reasoning of others. Exercises
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 12. 25.
58–60, 72
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
5.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 13.
6 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8
6.
__1 20.
0 2
1 1__12 2 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 State Resources Online
Lesson 2-5 129

Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. n < 6
Exercise 51 requires Independent Practice
writing and solving For See 27. 4(2 - x) ≤ 5(x - 2) x ≥ 2 28. -3(n + 4) < 6(1 - n) 29. 9(w + 2) ≤ 12w w ≥ 6
Exercises Example
multi-step inequali- 1r+_
30. 4.5 + 1.3t > 3.8t - 3 t < 3 31. _ 2 ≥_ 1 r r ≥ -4 32. 2(4 - n) < 3n - 7 n > 3
20–25 1 2 3 3
ties in order to solve problems 26 2 33. no solutions
relating cost and profit. This exercise 27–32 3 Solve each inequality. all real numbers all real numbers
prepares students for the Multi-Step 33–38 4 33. 3(2 - x) < -3(x - 1) 34. 7 - y > 5 - y 35. 3(10 + z) ≤ 3z + 36
Test Prep.
36. -5(k - 1) ≥ 5(2 - k) 37. 4(x - 1) ≤ 4x 38. 3(v - 9) ≥ 15 + 3v
Extra Practice
no solutions all real numbers no solutions
Answers more Skills Practice and
exercises. 39. 3t - 12 > 5t + 2 t < -7 40. -5(y + 3) - 6 < y + 3 y > -4
27.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 41. 3x + 9 - 5x < x x > 3 42. 18 + 9p > 12p - 31 p < 16 _1
3
28. 2x≤_ 3x x ≤ 4
4 -_
43. 2(x - 5) < -3x x < 2 44. -_
0 2 4 6 8 5 5 5
29. 45. -2(x - 7) - 4 - x < 8x + 32 x > -2 46. -3(2r - 4) ≥ 2(5 - 3r) all real numbers
0 2 4 6 8
47. -7x - 10 + 5x ≥ 3(x + 4) + 8 x ≤ -6 1 (n + 8) + _
48. -_ 1n≤1-n
n ≤ 11 _
3 3 3
30.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Recreation
ation 49. Recreation A red kite is 100 feet off the ground and is rising at 8 feet per second. A blue
4
49
31. kite is 180 feet off the ground and is rising at 5 feet per second. How long will it take for
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 the red kite to be higher than the blue kite? Round your answer to the nearest second. 27 s
32. 50. Education The table shows the
50
School Enrollment
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 enrollment in Howard High School
and Phillips High School for three Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
39.
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 school years. Howard High School 1192 1188 1184
40. a. How much did the enrollment 961 Phillips High School 921 941
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 change each year at Howard? decreased by 4
41. b. Use the enrollment in year 1 and your answer from part a to write an expression
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 for the enrollment at Howard in any year x. 1192 - 4(x – 1)
42. The
h American
i Kitefliers
i fli
c. How much did the enrollment change each year at Phillips? increased by 20
16 __13 16 __23
16 17 Association has over d. Use the enrollment in year 1 and your answer from part c to write an expression
4000 members in for the enrollment at Phillips in any year x. 921 + 20(x – 1)
43. 35 countries. Kitefliers e. Assume that the pattern in the table continues. Use your expressions from
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 participate in festivals,
competitions, and
parts b and d to write an inequality that can be solved to find the year in which
44. the enrollment at Phillips High School will be greater than the enrollment at
kite-making workshops.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Howard High School. Solve your inequality and graph the solutions.
45. 1192 - 4(x – 1) < 921 + 20( x – 1); x ≥ 13
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 where x is a whole number
46.
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 51. a. The school orchestra is creating a CD of their last concert. The total cost is
$400 + 4.50 per CD. Write an expression for the cost of creating the CDs based on
47. the number of CDs n. 400 + 4.50n
-8 -6 -4 -2 0
b. The orchestra plans to sell the CDs for $12. Write an expression for the amount
48. the orchestra earns from the sale of n CDs. 12n
20 __7 __8 3 __ 11__
10 4 c. In order for the orchestra to make a profit, the amount they make selling the
3 3 3 3
(bl), © Brand X Pictures; (cl), HMH

50e. CDs must be greater than the cost of creating the CDs. Write an inequality that
can be solved to find the number of CDs the orchestra must sell in order to
11 12 13 14 15 16
make a profit. Solve your inequality. 400 + 4.50n < 12n; n > 53 1 ; 54 CDs or more __
3
Practice A
Practice C
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________
Practice B
LESSON
2-5 Practice B
Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________ Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________ Name __________
1. 2x + 30 ≥ 7x 2. 2k + 6 < 5k − 3
Review for Mastery Rev
Reading Strategies
Reading Strategies
Reteach
LESSON LESSON
2-5 2-5
Analyze Choices Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides Solv
x≤6 k>3
When solving an inequality with variables on both sides, you have a choice: Variables must be collected on the same side of an inequality before the inequality can be An inequality w
Collect the variables on the left, or collect the variables on the right. solved. If you collect the variables so that the variable term is positive, you will not have to
There are advantages to each, depending on the inequality. Either way, Solve −2x − 5
3. 3b − 2 ≤ 2b + 1 4. 2(3n + 7) > 5n multiply or divide by a negative number.
you should get the same answer. −2x − 5
Solve x > 8 (x − 7). Solve x > 8 (x − 7).
b≤3 n > −14 x − 7 > 4x + 2 Collect the variables on the left. Collect the variables on the right.
−2x − 5
x − 7 > 4x + 2
−4x −4x −x −x x > 8(x − 7) x > 8(x − 7) +2x
−3x − 7 > 2 −7 > 3x + 2
x > 8x − 56 Distribute. x > 8x − 56 Distribute. −5
+7 +7 −2 −2
5. 5s − 9 < 2(s − 6) 6. −3(3x + 5) ≥ −5(2x − 2) −8x −8x Add −8x to both sides. −x −x Add −x to both sides.
−3 x 9 −9 3x
> > −7x > −56 0 > 7x − 56
3 3
s < −1 x ≥ 25 −3 −3 The solution is
−3 > x −7x −56
x < −3 > Divide both sides +56 +56
−7 −7 An inequality w
x < −3 by −7.
7 1 1 56 > 7x Solve 3(x − 4)
7. 1.4z + 2.2 > 2.6z − 0.2 8. p− ≤ p
8 4 2 Collect variables on the left. x − 7 > 4x + 2 Collect variables on the right. 56 7x
x<8 Reverse the sign. > Divide both sides 3(x − 4
7 7
by 7. 3x − 12
2 Analysis
z<2 p≤ Analysis Notice that if you want to have the
3 With this choice, With this choice, variable on the left to make graphing 8>x −3x
we divide by a the solution is solutions easier, you may still need x<8
to switch the inequality sign, even −12
negative. So we “backwards”.
if you did not multiply or divide by a
must remember We must flip the
Solve each inequality. negative number.
to change the solutions so that we
9. v + 1 > v − 6 10. 3(x + 4) ≤ 3x 11. −2(8 − 3x) ≥ 6x + 2 There are no s
direction of the can read it from
Write the first step you would take to solve each inequality if you
all real numbers no solutions no solution left to right. wanted to keep the variable positive.
inequality symbol.
Solve each ine
Write and solve an inequality for each problem.
12. Ian wants to promote his band on the Internet. Site A offers website
1. 6y < 10y + 1 add −6y to both sides 7. t + 5 < t + 5
hosting for $4.95 per month with a $49.95 startup fee. Site B offers Answer each question.
website hosting for $9.95 per month with no startup fee. For how 1. Kirby often forgets to switch the inequality symbol when dividing by a negative. When
2. 4p − 2 ≥ 3p add −3p to both sides
many months would Ian need to keep the website for Site B to be less solving 3x − 10 ≥ x, should Kirby collect the variables on the left or the right? Why?
expensive than Site A? 3. 5 − 3r ≤ 6r add 3r to both sides
Left; so he divides by a positive number. no solu
9.95m < 4.95 m + 49.95; m < 9.99; for 0 to 9 months Solve each inequality.
13. For what values of x is the area of the rectangle greater than
2. Rewrite the inequality 8 < t so that the variable is on the left. t>8 9. 4y + 3(y − 2
4. 8c + 4 > 4(c − 3) 5. 5(x − 1) < 3x + 10 − 8x 6. −8 + 4a − 12 > 2a + 10
the perimeter? 3. Solve the inequality −2(n + 3) > −4n + 8
by collecting variables on the left, then by
7(x + 2) > 7 + (x + 2) + 7 + (x + 2); x > 0.8 collecting variables on the right.
Which seems better in this case? Why?
n > 7; left; you do not have to switch the inequality symbol. 3 all real n
36 Holt McDougal Algebra 1 c > −4 x< a > 15
2
130
CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L05b-a.indd 36 Chapter 2 3/2/11 2:24:46 AM Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Original content Copyrig

2 x; Write an inequality to represent each relationship. Solve your inequality.
52. 2x + 4 > _ Geometry For Exercise
3 52. Four more than twice a number is greater than two-thirds of the number. 57, the largest angle is
x > -3 already greater than either
53. Ten less than five times a number is less than six times the number decreased
by eight. 5x - 10 < 6x - 8; x > -2 of the other two, so students only
need to check if the sum of the
54. The sum of a number and twenty is less than four times the number decreased
measures of the two smaller angles
by one. x + 20 < 4x - 1; x > 7
55. _3 x ≥ x - 5; 55. Three-fourths of a number is greater than or equal to five less than the number.
(x and x - 1) is greater than the
measure of the largest angle (2x).
4 The problem could also be solved
x ≤ 20 56. Entertainment Use the table to determine how many movies you would have to
rent for Video View to be less expensive than Movie Place. 20 movies or more by writing and solving an equation.
Set the sum of the angle measures
Membership Fee ($) Cost per Rental ($)
equal to 180, solve for x, and then
substitute x back into each expres-
Movie Place None 2.99
sion. One angle is greater than 90°,
Video View 19.99 1.99 so it is not acute.
57. Geometry In an acute triangle, all angles measure less than 90°. Also, the sum of
the measures of any two angles is greater than the measure of the third angle. Can In Exercise 61, tell
the measures of an acute triangle be x, x - 1, and 2x? Explain. students to solve for
either variable. Both
58. Write About It Compare the steps you would follow to solve an inequality to the
steps you would follow to solve an equation. will result in the inequality b < 0.
59. Critical Thinking How can you tell just by looking at the inequality x > x + 1 that In Exercise 63, students who chose
it has no solutions? x can never be greater than itself plus 1. C or D may not have changed
the inequality sign when dividing
60. /////ERROR ANALYSIS///// Two students solved the inequality 5x < 3 - 4x. Which is both sides by a negative number.
incorrect? Explain the error.
Students who chose B chose the
B is incorrect; the student ! " endpoint, which is not included in
should have added 4x to both .q,-q .q,-q the solutions.
sides to undo the subtraction. -q XXXXXXXXXXXX
-q -q XXXXXXXXXXXX
-q
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX
2q, q, Answers
*
qXXXX
, 57. No; the sum of the angle
measures x and x – 1 would
need to be greater than 2x.
x + (x – 1)> 2x:
2x – 1 > 2x has no solutions.
61. If a - b > a + b, which statement is true?
The value of a is positive. The value of a is negative.
58. The steps are identical except
when you multiply or divide both
The value of b is positive. The value of b is negative.
sides of an inequality by a nega-
62. If -a < b, which statement is always true? tive number, when you must
ab a < -b a > -b reverse the inequality symbol.
63. Which is a solution of the inequality 7 (2 - x) > 4 (x - 2)?

-2 2 4 7
64. Which is the graph of -5x < -2x – 6?
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
2-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides 131

LESSON
2-5 Problem solving
Problem Solving
Solving Inequalities With Variables on Both Sides
LESSON
2-5
Challenge
Above and Below
challenge
Write and solve an inequality for each situation. The grid at right shows the graphs of two functions,
1. Rosa has decided to sell pet rocks at an 2. Jamie has a job paying $25,000 and y1 = x + 3 and y2 = 2x − 1. These functions can be
art fair for $5 each. She has paid $50 to expects to receive a $1000 raise each graphed by creating a table of ordered pairs for each
rent a table at the fair and it costs her year. Wei has a job paying $19,000 function and then plotting the ordered pairs. The
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L05.indd$2 to131package each rock with a set of a year and expects a $1500 raise each ordered pairs of each function form straight lines as 2/17/11 4:07:35 AM
instructions. For what numbers of sales year. For what span of time is Jamie shown.
will Rosa make a profit? making more money than Wei?
1. For what value of x is y1 = y2? What happens to
5r > 50 + 2r ; 25,000 + 1000y > 19,000 + the graphs at this x-value?
r > 16 1500y; y < 12 x = 4; the lines intersect

3. Sophia types 75 words per minute and is 4. Keith is racing his little sister Pattie 2. For what values of x is y1 > y2? What happens to
just starting to write a term paper. Patton and has given her a 15 foot head start. the graphs for these x-values?
already has 510 words written and types She runs 5 ft/sec and he is chasing at
8 ft/sec. For how long can Pattie stay x < 4; the line for y1 is above (greater than) the line for y2
at a speed of 60 words per minute. For
what numbers of minutes will Sophia ahead of Keith? 3. The equation y1 = x + 3 tells you that y1 is the same as
have more words typed than Patton? 15 + 5s > 8s ; the expression x + 3. Likewise, y2 = 2x − 1 tells you
that y2 is the same as 2x − 1. Use this information to y1 > y2
75m > 510 + 60m; s<5 rewrite y1 > y2 using the variable x. x + 3 > 2x − 1
m > 34 4. Solve the inequality in problem 3. How do the
The table below shows the population of four cities in 2004 and the amount of
solutions relate to your answer for problem 2? x < 4;
population change from 2003. Use this table to answer questions 5–6. same solutions as problem 2
5. Explain how you could use the graph to solve this
5. If the trends in this table continue, after inequality: 2x − 1 ≥ x + 3.
how many years y will the population of
Manchester, NH, be more than the population
Possible answer: Find the x-values for which the line for y2 is
of Vallejo, CA? Round your answer to the either above (greater than) or intersects (equal to) the line for
nearest tenth of a year. y1. The solutions are x ≥ 4.
A y > 0.2 C y > 34.6 Population 6. Generate ordered pairs for the functions below.
Population For each, plot the points, connect them with
B y > 6.4 D y > 78.6 City
(2004)
Change
(from 2003) straight lines, and label as in the example above.
6. If the trends in this table continue,
for how long x will the population Lakewood, CO 141,301 −830 y1 = x − 3 y2 = −3x − 11
of Carrollton, TX be less than the Vallejo, CA 118,349 −1155 x y x y
population of Lakewood, CO? Carrollton, TX 117,823 +1170
Round your answer to the nearest −4 −7 −4 1
tenth of a year. Manchester, NH 109,310 +261
−2 −5 −3 −2
F x < 11.7 H x < 20.1 0 −3 −2 −5
G x < 14.6 J x < 28.3 2 −1 −1 −8
4 1 0 −11
Use the graph to solve x − 3 ≤ −3x − 11.
x ≤ −2
40 Holt McDougal Algebra 1 Lesson 2-5 131
Possible answer: 65. Short Response Write a real-world situation that could be modeled by the
parking lot A starts with inequality 7x + 4 > 4x + 13. Explain how the inequality relates to your situation.
4 cars and 7 more cars park each hour. Parking lot B starts with 13 cars and 4 more cars park each hour.
The inequality helps you find that parking lot A has more cars than parking lot B after 3 hours.
CHALLENGE AND EXTEND
66. 2 _ 1 + 2_
1 + 2x ≥ 5 _ 1x 67. 1.6x - 20.7 > 6.3x - (-2.2x) x < -3
x ≤ -6
2 2 2
68. 1.3x - 7.5x < 8.5x - 29.4 x > 2 -8 - 37 ≤ _
69. -4w + _ 75 - 3 + 3w
9 9
w ≥ -1 _6
70. Replace the square and circle with numbers so that the inequality has all real 7
numbers as solutions. □ - 2x < - 2x Check students’ work: the number in the
square should be less than the number in the circle.
71. Replace the square and circle with numbers so that the inequality has no solutions.
Journal □ - 2x < - 2x Check students’ work: the number in the square should be
Given n ≥ 4n + 9, have students greater than the number in the circle.
72. Critical Thinking Explain whether there are any numbers that can replace
explain how they decide on which the square and circle so that the inequality has all real numbers as solutions.
side of the inequality to gather □ + 2x < + x No; solving gives x < [ – □] where [ – □] is a real
the variable terms and why. Then number. So no real number greater than or equal to [ – □]
have students solve the inequality, is a solution.
explaining each step.
Career Resources Online
Q: What math classes did you take in high school?

Have students write, solve, and A: Algebra 1, Geometry, and Algebra 2
graph an inequality that has vari-
ables on both sides and that needs Q: What math classes have you taken since high school?
to be simplified before applying A: I have taken a basic accounting class and a business math
inverse operations. class.
Q: How do you use math?

A: I use math to estimate how much food I need to buy. I also
2-5 use math when adjusting recipe amounts to feed large groups
of people.
Solve each inequality and graph Q: What are your future plans?
the solutions. A: I plan to start my own catering business. The math classes I took
Katie Flannigan
1. t < 5t + 24 t > -6 Culinary Arts program will help me manage the financial aspects of my business.
-8 -6 -4 -2 0
2. 5x - 9 ≤ 4.1x - 81
x ≤ -80
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20
3. 4b + 4(1 - b) > b - 9
© Jose Luis Pelaez, Inc./CORBIS

b < 13
11 12 13 14 15
4. Rick bought a photo printer

and supplies for $186.90, 132 Chapter 2 Inequalities
which will allow him to print
photos for $0.29 each. A
photo store charges $0.55 to
print each photo. How many
CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L05.indd 132 9/17/11 11:41:56 AM
photos must Rick print before
his total cost is less than
getting prints made at the
photo store? more than 718
photos
5. 2y - 2 ≥ 2(y + 7)
no solutions
6. 2(-6 r - 5) < -3(4r + 2)
all real numbers
132 Chapter 2
2-6
Truth Tables and Compound Organizer
Statements Use with the lesson
Solving Compound
Inequalities
A compound statement is formed by combining two or more simple Pacing:
statements. A compound statement is either true or false depending on Traditional __
1
2
day
whether its simple statements are true or false. __
1
Block 4 day
Use with Solving
Compound Inequalities Objective: Determine whether
Look for and CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equations
express regularity in and inequalities in one variable, including
compound statements are true or
false.
Activity 1 repeated reasoning. equations with coefficients represented by
letters.
• Let P be “Cindy is at least 17 years old.” • Let Q be “Cindy has a driver’s license.”
Online Edition
If... then P is and Q is so P AND Q is Countdown

Cindy is 18 years old. Cindy has a driver’s license. True True True
Cindy is 17 years old. Cindy does not have a driver’s license. True False False
Cindy is 16 years old. Cindy has a driver’s license. False True False
Resources
Cindy is 15 years old. Cindy does not have a driver’s license. False False False
Algebra Lab Activities
P AND Q is true when ? . both P AND Q are true

Lab Recording Sheet
Teach
Try This Discuss
For each pair of simple statements, tell whether P AND Q is true or false. P and Q are variables that are
replaced by phrases, rather than by
1. P: Many birds can fly; Q: A zebra is an animal. P AND Q is true.
numbers.
Math Background
Activity 2 P AND Q can be written as
P Q. P OR Q can be
• Let P be “Paul plays tennis.” • Let Q be “Paul has brown eyes.” written as P Q.
If... then P is and Q is so P OR Q is Close

Paul plays tennis. Paul has brown eyes. True True True Key Concept
Paul plays tennis. Paul has green eyes. True False True An AND statement is true if both
statements are true. An OR state-
Paul does not play tennis. Paul has brown eyes. False True True
ment is true if at least one of the
Paul does not play tennis. Paul has green eyes. False False False statements is true.
P OR Q is true when ? . either P is true or Q is true

Assessment
Journal Have students explain how
to determine if a compound state-
Try This ment with AND is true, and how to
determine if a compound statement
For each pair of simple statements, tell whether P OR Q is true or false.
with OR is true. Explanations should
2. P : The number 12 is even; Q : The number 12 is a composite number. P OR Q is true. include examples.
2- 6 Algebra Lab 133
Look for and express regularity in

Teacher to Teacher repeated reasoning.
CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02AL.indd 133 4027011 11:21:41 AM
I usually introduce the topic ⎪x⎥ < a (where a > 0)

of truth tables with AND or x > -a AND x < a
OR sentences when working
a units a units CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equations
with inequalities and absolute
and inequalities in one variable, including
values. Students learn that “the -a 0 a
equations with coefficients represented
absolute value of an expres- ⎪x⎥ > a (where a > 0) by letters.
sion is less than a number” is x < -a OR x > a
an AND statement, and “the a units a units
absolute value of an expression
is greater than a number” is an -a 0 a
OR statement. John Remensky

Library, PA State Resources Online
Algebra Lab 133

2-6 Organizer Solving Compound
2-6
Pacing: Traditional 2 days
Block 1 day
Inequalities
CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with
Objectives: Solve compound coefficients represented by letters.
inequalities in one variable. Objectives Who uses this?

Solve compound A lifeguard can use compound
Graph solution sets of compound inequalities in one inequalities to describe the safe
inequalities in one variable. variable.
pH levels in a swimming pool.
Graph solution sets of (See Example 1.)
compound inequalities in
Online Edition one variable.
Tutorial Videos, Interactivity The inequalities you have seen so far are
simple inequalities. When two simple
Vocabulary
inequalities are combined into one
Countdown compound inequality
statement by the words AND or OR, the
intersection
union result is called a compound inequality .
Compound Inequalities
WORDS ALGEBRA GRAPH

Warm Up All real numbers greater than x > 2 AND x < 6
2 AND less than 6 2<x<6
Solve each inequality. ä Ó { È n
All real numbers greater than
1. x + 3 ≤ 10 x≤7 x ≥ 2 AND x ≤ 6
or equal to 2 AND less than or
equal to 6 2≤x≤6 ä Ó { È n
2. 23 < -2x + 3 -10 > x
All real numbers less than 2 OR
x < 2 OR x > 6
Solve each inequality and graph greater than 6 ä Ó { È n
the solutions. All real numbers less than or
equal to 2 OR greater than or x ≤ 2 OR x ≥ 6
3. 4x + 1 ≤ 25 x≤6 equal to 6 ä Ó { È n
0 2 4 6 8
4. 0 ≥ 3x + 3 -1 ≥ x EXAMPLE 1 Chemistry Application

A water analyst recommends that the pH
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 level of swimming pool water be between
7.2 and 7.6 inclusive. Write a compound
Also available online inequality to show the pH levels that are
within the recommended range. Graph the
The phrase “between
solutions.
7.2 and 7.6 inclusive”
(br), Sam Dudgeon/HMH; (tl), Design Pics/Carson Ganci/Getty Images

means that the Let p be the pH level of swimming
numbers 7.2 and 7.6 pool water.
are included in the
solutions. Use a solid
circle for endpoints 7.2 is less than or equal to pH level is less than or equal to 7.6
Q: How does a math teacher get a that are solutions.
compound fracture? 7.2 ≤ p ≤ 7.6
A: She breaks her hAND. 7.2 ≤ p ≤ 7.6
Ç°£ Ç°Ó Ç°Î Ç°{ Ç°x Ç°È Ç°Ç
1 Introduce
Motivate
including equations with coefficients Solving Compound

Inequalities
represented by letters. Using a graphing calculator, follow the steps below to
Read the sentences and follow-up questions below.
find the values of x when 2x 1 is between 3 and 7.
1. Press Y= . Enter 2X 1 for Y1, 3 for Max will take his brother or sister to the concert.
Y2, and 7 for Y3.
2. Press GRAPH
to graph the functions. How many people will Max take? 1 How do you
3. Press TRACE and use the arrow keys to
move the cursor. Find the x-values
know? the word or
where the graph of y 2x 1 crosses
the horizontal lines. Max will take his brother and sister to the concert.
4. For which values of x is 2x 1 between 3 and 7?
TABLE
5. Press 2nd GRAPH to examine these functions in a table. How many people will Max take? 2 How do you
For which values of x is 2x 1 between 3 and 7?
Graph these values on a number line. know? the word and
0 2 4 6 8 10
10 8 6 4 2
The words or and and can be used to represent the
THINK AND DISCUSS
6. Explain how the solution to this problem is different from the solutions of a compound inequality.
State Resources Online solutions to problems you studied earlier in the chapter.
7. Explain how the graph of this solution looks different from
the graphs you studied earlier in the chapter.
3. It crosses y 3 when x 2 and crosses y 7 when x 3. Explorations and answers are provided in
4. for all x-values between 2 and 3
5. for all x-values between 2 and 3 your online resources.
134 Chapter 2 6. Earlier, the solutions were the set of all numbers greater than or less than a number. In
this case the solution is the set of all numbers between two numbers
1. The free chlorine level in a pool should be between 1.0 and 3.0
parts per million inclusive. Write a compound inequality to

"" Ê ,,",
show the levels that are within this range. Graph the solutions. ,/
1.0 ≤ c ≤ 3.0
Students may be confused when
In this diagram, oval A represents some using the shorthand method for
integer solutions of x < 10, and oval B A B AND in Example 2B. When reading
x < 10 1 x>0
represents some integer solutions of x > 0.
The overlapping region represents numbers -4
2
7 12
the expression a < x < b, students
-1 9 15
that belong in both ovals. Those numbers -17 25
can say, “x is greater than a AND
are solutions of both x < 10 and x > 0. x is less than b.” Students can also
say, “a is less than x AND x is less
You can graph the solutions than b.” This shorthand method for
of a compound inequality ÝÊÊ£ä writing a compound inequality exists
involving AND by using the
idea of an overlapping region. only for the AND statement.
ÝÊÊä
The overlapping region is called
the intersection and shows the
äÊÊÝÊÊ£ä
numbers that are solutions of { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó £{ £È
both inequalities.
Additional Examples
EXAMPLE 2 Solving Compound Inequalities Involving AND Example 1

Solve each compound inequality and graph the solutions. The pH level of a popular
A 4≤x+2≤8 shampoo is between 6.0 and
4 ≤ x + 2 AND x + 2 ≤ 8 Write the compound inequality using AND. 6.5 inclusive. Write a compound
-2 -2 -2 -2 Solve each simple inequality. inequality to show the pH levels
−−− −−− −−− −−−
−−− −−−
2≤x AND x ≤ 6 of this shampoo. Graph the
solutions. 6.0 ≤ p ≤ 6.5
Graph 2 ≤ x.
Graph x ≤ 6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5
Graph the intersection by finding Example 2

n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó where the two graphs overlap.
Solve each compound
inequality and graph the
B -5 ≤ 2x + 3 < 9 solutions.
-5 ≤ 2x + 3 < 9 Since 3 is added to 2x, subtract 3 from each part
The statement -3 -3 -3 of the inequality. A. -5 < x + 1 < 2 -6 < x < 1
-5 ≤ 2x + 3 ≤ 9 −−− −−− −−− −−−
-8 ≤ 2x < 6
consists of two
inequalities connected _ _ _
-8
≤
2x
<
6 Since x is multiplied by 2, divide each part of the
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1
by AND. Example 2B 2 2 2 inequality by 2.

-4 ≤ x < 3 B. 8 < 3x - 1 ≤ 11 3<x≤4
shows a “shorthand”
method for
solving this type of Graph -4 ≤ x. 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
inequality.
Graph x < 3. Also available online
2a. 1 < x < 5 Graph the intersection by finding

x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x where the two graphs overlap.

INTERVENTION
Questioning
2b. -3 ≤ n < 2 Strategies
Solve each compound inequality and graph the solutions.

2a. -9 < x -10 < -5 2b. -4 ≤ 3n + 5 < 11
EX AM P LE 1
• How would the solution change if
2- 6 Solving Compound Inequalities 135 the range of given values were not
inclusive?
2 Teach EX AM P LE 2
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L06.indd 135 • How do you write a compound
2/4/11 11:51:37 PM
inequality as two simple

Guided Instruction inequalities?
Review solving multi-step inequalities. Through Kinesthetic Experience
Solve compound inequalities with AND Assign each student a number. (Assign
and then OR, and then discuss the dif- 1–20 to twenty students.) Then have stu-
ferences between the two. Help students dents stand when you read statements that
make the connection between AND and describe their number. For instance:
intersection and between OR and union.
• greater than 15 OR less than 2;
• less than 12 AND greater than or equal to 8;
• greater than or equal to 3 AND less than
or equal to 3;
• greater than 2 OR less than 3
Lesson 2-6 135

In this diagram, circle A represents some integer
solutions of x < 0, and circle B represents some
ÝÊÊä ÝÊÊ£ä
integer solutions of x > 10. The combined shaded
Additional Examples regions represent numbers that are solutions of Çn
{
£ £x
£Ó
{ää
either x < 0 or x > 10. £Ç Óx
Example 3
Solve each compound You can graph the solutions
of a compound inequality ÝÊÊä
solutions. involving OR by using the idea
of combining regions. The ÝÊ£ä
A. 8 + t ≥ 7 OR 8 + t < 2 combined regions are called
t ≥ -1 OR t < -6 the union and show the ÝÊÊäÊ",Ê
numbers that are solutions of { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó £{ £È ÝÊÊ£ä
either inequality.
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
B. 4x ≤ 20 OR 3x > 21 EXAMPLE 3 Solving Compound Inequalities Involving OR

x ≤ 5 OR x > 7 Solve each compound inequality and graph the solutions.
A -4 + a > 1 OR -4 + a < -3
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -4 + a > 1 OR -4 + a < -3
+4 +4 +4 +4 Solve each simple inequality.
−−−−− −−− −−−−− −−−
Example 4 a > 5 OR a< 1
Write the compound inequality
Graph a > 5.
shown by each graph.
A. Graph a < 1.
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2
Graph the union by combining
x ≤ -8 OR x > 0 the regions.
{ Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È
B. 5
B 2x ≤ 6 OR 3x > 12
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
2x ≤ 6 OR 3x > 12
m > -2 AND m < 5 _
2x
≤_ _>_
6 3x 12
Solve each simple inequality.
Also available online 2 2 3 3
x ≤ 3 OR x > 4
Graph x ≤ 3.
INTERVENTION
Questioning
Graph x > 4.
Strategies
Graph the union by combining
EX A M P L E 3 { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È the regions.
• Describe a characteristic of the 3a. Solve each compound inequality and graph the solutions.
graph of the solutions of a com-
3a. 2 + r < 12 OR r + 5 > 19 r < 10 OR r > 14
pound inequality involving OR. 3b.
3b. 7x ≥ 21 OR 2x < -2 x ≥ 3 OR x < -1
EX A M P L E 4
• How do you know whether a graph Every solution of a compound inequality involving AND must be a solution
of both parts of the compound inequality. If no numbers are solutions of both
represents a compound inequality
simple inequalities, then the compound inequality has no solutions.
that involves AND or OR?
The solutions of a compound inequality involving OR are not always two
Reading Math Discuss separate sets of numbers. There may be numbers that are solutions of both
the everyday meanings of parts of the compound inequality.
intersection and union. The
intersection of two streets is where 136 Chapter 2 Inequalities
they cross each other. A labor union
is an organization of work- ENGLISH
LANGUAGE
ers who join together. LEARNERS
136 Chapter 2
EXAMPLE 4 Writing a Compound Inequality from a Graph Visual Use color to help
Write the compound inequality shown by each graph. students compare AND
and OR statements. On a
A
Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È Ç n
transparency, graph the solutions
of x < 3 with a yellow marker and
The shaded portion of the graph is not between two values, so the the solutions of x < 7 with a blue
compound inequality involves OR. marker. Show that the solution set
On the left, the graph shows an arrow pointing left, so use either < or ≤. for x < 3 AND x < 7 is the green
The solid circle at -1 means -1 is a solution, so use ≤. area described by x < 3. Then
x ≤ -1 discuss the solution set for x < 3
On the right, the graph shows an arrow pointing right, so use either > or ≥. OR x < 7. The solution is anywhere
The solid circle at 7 means 7 is a solution, so use ≥. the graph is shaded, as described by
x≥7 x < 7.
The compound inequality is x ≤ -1 OR x ≥ 7.
Multiple Representations
Sometimes a parenthesis
B is used for an empty circle
£ ä £ Ó Î { x È Ç n
and a square bracket is used for a
The shaded portion of the graph is between the values 0 and 6, so the solid circle. The values described by
compound inequality involves AND. a < x ≤ b can also be written as
The shaded values are to the right of 0, so use > or ≥. (a, b], a notation used more often in
The solid circle at 0 means 0 is a solution, so use ≥. higher-level math. The symbols may
The compound x≥0 also be used on a graph.
inequality in Example
4B can also be The shaded values are to the left of 6, so use < or ≤. ( ]
written with the The empty circle at 6 means 6 is not a solution, so use <.
a b
variable between the x<6
two endpoints.
0≤x<6 The compound inequality is x ≥ 0 AND x < 6.
Write the compound inequality shown by the graph.
4a. £ä n Ç È x { Î Ó £ -9 < y < -2

ä
4b. x { Î Ó £
ä £ Ó Î { x
x ≤ -3 OR x ≥ 2
THINK AND DISCUSS

1. Describe how to write the
compound inequality y > 4
AND y ≤ 12 without using the
A B
joining word AND. x>5 x < 10
2. GET ORGANIZED Copy and
complete the graphic organizers.
Write three solutions in each of
the three sections of the diagram.
Then write each of your nine x > 5 AND x < 10 x > 5 OR x < 10
solutions in the appropriate
column or columns of the table.
2- 6 Solving Compound Inequalities 137

M CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L06.indd 137 1. y > 4 can be written as 4 < y.
4027011 11:25:55 AM
Combine the inequalities 4 < y

and y ≤ 12 to write 4 < y ≤ 12.
Remind students that solving compound Diagnose Before the Lesson
inequalities requires solving two separate Warm Up, TE
inequalities.
Emphasize that an AND statement repre- Monitor During the Lesson
sents an intersection, and the solutions will Check It Out! Exercises, SE
be those values that make both inequalities Questioning Strategies, TE
true.
An OR statement represents a union, and
the solutions combine two sets of numbers,
Lesson Quiz, TE
which may or may not overlap. The solu-
tions make either inequality true.
Lesson 2-6 137

2-6 Exercises 2-6
Assignment Guide GUIDED PRACTICE intersection

1. Vocabulary The graph of a(n) ? shows all values that are solutions to both
Assign Guided Practice exercises simple inequalities that make a compound inequality. (union or intersection)
as necessary.
SEE EXAMPLE 1 2. Biology An iguana needs to live in a warm environment. The temperature in a
If you finished Examples 1–2 pet iguana’s cage should be between 70 °F and 95 °F inclusive. Write a compound
inequality to show the temperatures that are within the recommended range. Graph
Basic 15–19, 30–35, 42
the solutions. 70 ≤ t ≤ 95
Average 15–19, 30–35, 45
Advanced 15–19, 30–35, 42, 43, Solve each compound inequality and graph the solutions.
45, 51 SEE EXAMPLE 2 3. -3 < x + 2 < 7 -5 < x < 5 4. 5 ≤ 4x + 1 ≤ 13 1 ≤ x ≤ 3
If you finished Examples 1–4 5. 2 < x + 2 < 5 0 < x < 3 6. 11 < 2x + 3 < 21 4 < x < 9
Basic 15–40, 42, 45, 47–50 SEE EXAMPLE 3 7. x + 2 < -6 OR x + 2 > 6 8. r - 1 < 0 OR r - 1 > 4 r < 1 OR r > 5
Average 15–29, 30–40 even, x < -8 OR x > 4
9. n + 2 < 3 OR n + 3 > 7 10. x - 1 < -1 OR x - 5 > -1
42–54 n < 1 OR n > 4 x < 0 OR x > 4
Advanced 15–29, 34, 36–40 SEE EXAMPLE 4 Write the compound inequality shown by each graph.
even, 42–56 11. 12.
È x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
Homework Quick Check -5 ≤ a ≤ -3 b ≤ -3 OR b > 3
Quickly check key concepts. 13. 14.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 £ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä
Exercises: 15, 18, 20, 26, 34, 42
c < 1 OR c ≥ 9 4≤d<8
PRACTICE AND PROBLEM SOLVING

Independent Practice 15. Meteorology One layer of Earth’s atmosphere is called the stratosphere. At one
Answers For See point above Earth’s surface the stratosphere extends from an altitude of 16 km to an
Exercises Example
2. altitude of 50 km. Write a compound inequality to show the altitudes that are within
15 1
70 75 80 85 90 95 the range of the stratosphere. Graph the solutions. 16 ≤ k ≤ 50
16–19 2
3. 20–23 3
-10 -5
0 5 10 24–27 4
4. 16. -1 < x + 1 < 1 -2 < x < 0 17. 1 ≤ 2n - 5 ≤ 7 3 ≤ n ≤ 6
Extra Practice
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 See Extra Practice for 18. -2 < x - 2 < 2 0 < x < 4 19. 5 < 3x - 1 < 17 2 < x < 6
5. more Skills Practice and
Applications Practice 20. x - 4 < -7 OR x + 3 > 4 21. 2x + 1 < 1 OR x + 5 > 8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 exercises. x < -3 OR x > 1 x < 0 OR x > 3
22. x + 1 < 2 OR x + 5 > 8 23. x + 3 < 0 OR x - 2 > 0
6. x < 1 OR x > 3 x < -3 OR x > 2
4 5 6 7 8 9 Write the compound inequality shown by each graph.
7–10, 15–23. For graphs, see
24. 25.
Additional Answers.
Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È Ç Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È Ç
p < 0 OR p > 5 q < 0 OR q ≥ 2
x
26. 27.
£ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
-6 < r ≤ 5 -2 < s < 1
28. Music A typical acoustic guitar has a range of three octaves. When the guitar is
28. 82.4 ≤ f ≤ 659.2 tuned to “concert pitch,” the range of frequencies for those three octaves is between
82.4 Hz and 659.2 Hz inclusive. Write a compound inequality to show the frequencies
82.4 659.2 that are within the range of a typical acoustic guitar. Graph the solutions.

________________________________________ __________________ __________________ ________________________________________ __________________ __________________
Reading Strategies Review for Mastery

LESSON
2-6 READING STRATEGIES
Compare and Contrast
LESSON
2-6 RETEACH
Solving Compound Inequalities
There are two types of compound inequalities: AND statements and OR Compound inequalities using AND require you to find solutions so that two inequalities will be
statements. The chart below shows their similarities and differences. satisfied at the same time.
Solve 2 < x 3 5 and graph the solutions.
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L06.indd 138 The two inequalities are: 2 < x 3 AND x 3 5. 2/4/11 11:51:48 PM
Make sense of problems and persevere Solve 2 < x 3. Solve x 3 5.
in solving them. Exercises 2, 15, 28–29, 2<x3 x35
34–35, 42–43 3 3 Add 3 to both sides. 3 3 Add 3 to both sides.
Reason abstractly and quantitatively. 1 < x x2
Exercises 30–33, 55–56 Graph x > 1.

Use overlapping
Graph x 2. regions for compound
Construct viable arguments and critique inequalities with AND.
Graph 1 < x 2.
the reasoning of others. Exercises
Write the two inequalities that must be solved in order to solve each
44–46 compound inequality.
1. 3 < x 4 10 3x4 AND x 4 10
2. 8 m 4 15 8m4 AND m 4 15
Answer each question using the examples given above. 3. Graph 2 w < 6 by graphing each
1. Which has more whole number solutions: the AND or the OR statement? OR inequality separately. Then graph the
compound inequality.
2. List 3 whole number solutions to the AND statement. Possible answer: 5, 6, 7
3. List 3 whole number solutions to the OR statement. Possible answer: 3, 10, 11
4. Which is best described as having solutions between
two values: the AND statement or the OR statement? AND
State Resources Online 5. The shaded region in each Venn diagram represents the solutions to compound
4. 5 < k 1 < 0 5. 4 < 2x 8 6
inequalities. Label them either OR statement or AND statement.
4 k 1 2x7
OR statement AND statement
138 Chapter 2
29. Jenna’s band is going to record a CD at a recording studio. They will pay $225 to use Exercise 29 involves
the studio for one day and $80 per hour for sound technicians. Jenna has $200 and can using inequalities
reasonably expect to raise up to an additional $350 by taking pre-orders for the CDs. to find the number
a. Explain how the inequality 200 ≤ 225 + 80n ≤ 550 can be used to find the of hours a band can afford to rent
number of hours Jenna and her band can afford to use the studio and sound a recording studio. This exercise
technicians. prepares students for the Multi-Step
b. Solve the inequality. Are there any numbers in the solution set that are not Test Prep.
reasonable in this situation? -0.3125 ≤ n ≤ 4.0625; n cannot be negative
c. Suppose Jenna raises $350 in pre-orders. How much more money would she
need to raise if she wanted to use the studio and sound technicians for 6 hours? Answers
$155 29a. 225 + 80n gives the cost of
the studio and technicians. The
band will spend between $200
Write and graph a compound inequality for the numbers described.
and $550.
30. all real numbers between -6 and 6 -6 < x < 6
30.
31. all real numbers less than or equal to 2 and greater than or equal to 1 1 ≤ x ≤ 2 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
32. all real numbers greater than 0 and less than 15 0 < x < 15 31.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
33. all real numbers between -10 and 10 inclusive -10 ≤ x ≤ 10
32.
Chemistry
istry 34. Transportation The cruise-control function on Georgina’s car should keep the 0 5 10 15 20
speed of the car within 3 mi/h of the set speed. Write a compound inequality to 33.
show the acceptable speeds s if the set speed is 55 mi/h. Graph the solutions. -20 -10 0 10 20
52 ≤ x ≤ 58
35. Chemistry Water is not a liquid if its temperature is above 100 °C or below 0 °C. 34.
Write a compound inequality for the temperatures t when water is not a liquid. 52 54 56 58
t < 0 OR t > 100 36.
Solve each compound inequality and graph the solutions. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
The element gallium
iis iin a solid
lid state
t t att 36. 5 ≤ 4b - 3 ≤ 9 2 ≤ b ≤ 3 37. - 3 < x - 1 < 4 -2 < x < 5 5
room temperature but 37.
becomes a liquid at 38. r + 2 < - 2 OR r - 2 > 2 39. 2a - 5 < - 5 OR 3a - 2 > 1 -2 0 2 4 6
about 30 °C. Gallium
r < -4 OR r > 4 a < 0 OR a > 1
40. x - 4 ≥ 5 AND x - 4 ≤ 5 41. n - 4 < - 2 OR n + 1 > 6
stays in a liquid state x ≥ 9 AND x ≤ 9 n < 2 OR n > 5 38.
until it reaches a 42. Sports The ball used in a soccer game may not weigh more than 16 ounces or less -8 -4 0 4 8
temperature of about than 14 ounces at the start of the match. After 1 __12 ounces of air was added to a ball,
2204 °C. the ball was approved for use in a game. Write and solve a compound inequality to show 39.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
how much the ball might have weighed before the air was added. 12.5 ≤ w ≤ 14.5
43. Meteorology Tornado damage is 40.
Fujita Tornado Scale 7 8 9 10 11
rated using the Fujita scale shown in
(tl), © Brand X Pictures; (cl),Kenneth Eward/Fundamental Photographs/Photo Researchers
the table. A tornado has a wind speed Category Type Wind Speed (mi/h)
41.
of 200 miles per hour. Write and solve F0 Weak 40 to 72 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
a compound inequality to show how F1 Moderate 73 to 112 45. Both graphs include numbers
many miles per hour the wind speed
F2 Significant 113 to 157 less than 3. The graph of
would need to increase for the
F3 Severe 158 to 206 x < 3 AND x < 7 does not
44. Possible answer: tornado to be rated “devastating” but
not “incredible.”7 ≤ m ≤ 60 include numbers greater than or
Margaret is expect- F4 Devastating 207 to 260
equal to 3. The graph of x < 3
ing between 25 and 35 F5 Incredible 261 to 318
OR x < 7 also includes all num-
guests; 25 ≤ g ≤ 35
where g is a natural 44. Give a real-world situation that can be described by a compound inequality. Write bers less than 7.
number the inequality that describes your situation.
45. Write About It How are the graphs of the compound inequality x < 3 AND x < 7 and
the compound inequality x < 3 OR x < 7 different? How are the graphs alike? Explain.
Practice A
Practice C
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________
2- 6 Solving Compound Inequalities 139

LESSON
2-6
Practice B
Solving Compound Inequalities
Practice B
Write the compound inequality shown by each graph.
1. 2.
Problem solving challenge
LESSON
LESSON
2-6 2-6 −2 < x < 4 x < −3 OR x ≥ 3
Solving Compound Inequalities Solving Compound Inequalities
Write and solve an inequality for each situation. The inequality a ≤ x ≤ b, where a < b, is the set of all real numbers between 3. 4.
a and b, including a and b. The corresponding set of points on the number
1. The Mexican Tetra is a tropical fish that 2. Nerissa’s car can travel between 380
requires a water temperature between and 410 miles on a full tank of gas. She
line is called a closed inverval. x ≤ −15 OR x ≥ −8 0 ≤ x < 20
68 and 77 degrees Fahrenheit, inclusive. filled her gas tank and drove 45 miles.
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L06.indd 139 is heated 8 degrees so that
An aquarium How many more miles can she drive In Exercises 1−7, n is an integer and n −
1 1
≤ x ≤ n + . Graph the 2/4/11 11:51:51 PM
4 4
a Tetra can live in it. What temperatures without running out of gas? 5. −15 < x − 8 < −4 6. 12 ≤ 4n < 28
solutions for the given values of n on the number line below.
could the water have been before the
heating? 380 ≤ m + 45 ≤ 410; 1. n = 0 2. n = 0 or n = 1
−7 < x < 4 3≤n<7
68 ≤ t + 8 ≤ 77; 335 ≤ m ≤ 365 3. n = 0 or n = −1 4. n = −2, −1, 0, 1, or 2
4. Marty’s allowance is doubled and is 5. n = −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, or 3 6. n = −4, −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 7. −2 ≤ 3b + 7 ≤ 13 8. x − 3 < −3 OR x − 3 ≥ 3
60 ≤ t ≤ 69 now between $10 and $15, inclusive.
3. A local company is hiring trainees What amounts could his allowance have −3 ≤ b ≤ 2 x < 0 OR x ≥ 6
with less than 1 year of experience been before the increase? Graph the 7. Suppose that the graphs for all values of n are shown on the number
and managers with 5 or more years of solutions. line. Describe the graph.
experience. Graph the solutions. 9. 5k ≤ −20 OR 2k ≥ 8 10. 2s + 3 ≤ 7 OR 3s + 5 > 26
10 ≤ 2a ≤ 15; 5 ≤ a ≤ 7.5 Answers may vary. Sample answer: closed intervals centered
y < 1 OR y ≥ 5 k ≤ −4 OR k ≥ 4 s ≤ 2 OR s > 7
1
at each integer with each interval being unit long
2
The elliptical orbits of planets bring them closer to and farther from the Sun Let n be an integer. For each set of intervals on the given number line, Write a compound inequality for each problem. Graph the solutions.
at different times. The closest (perihelion) and furthest (aphelion) points are write a compound inequality involving n, x, and a conjunction to
given for three planets below. Use this data to answer questions 5–7. describe the entire graph. 11. The human ear can distinguish sounds 20 ≤ h ≤ 20,000
between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz, inclusive.
5. Which inequality represents the distances
Planet Perihelion Aphelion 1
d from the sun to Neptune?
(in 106 km) (in 106 km)
8. n≤x≤n+
2
A d ≤ 4444.5
Uranus 2741.3 3003.6
B d ≤ 4545.7
Neptune 4444.5 4545.7
C 4444.5 ≤ d ≤ 4545.7 12. For a man to box as a welterweight, he must 140 < w ≤ 147
Pluto 4435.0 7304.3 9. 2n ≤ x ≤ 2n + 1 weigh more than 140 lbs, but at most 147 lbs.
D d = 4444.5 OR d ≥ 4545.7
6. A NASA probe is traveling between 7. At what distances o do the orbits of
Uranus and Neptune. It is currently Neptune and Pluto overlap? 10. 4n − 1≤ x ≤ 4n + 1
between their orbits. Which inequality A 4435.0 ≤ o ≤ 4444.5
shows the possible distance p from
the probe to the Sun? B 4435.0 ≤ o ≤ 4545.7
F 1542.1 < p < 1703.2 C 4444.5 ≤ o ≤ 7304.3 1 1
11. a. Let n be a nonzero integer. Describe the interval 1 − ≤x≤1+ .
D 4545.7 ≤ o ≤ 7304.3 n n
G 2741.3 < p < 4545.7
Answers may vary. Sample answers: The center of the interval
H 3003.6 < p < 4444.5
2
J 7185.8 < p < 7549.3 is 1, and its length is .
n Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
b. What can you say about the interval as n gets larger? 44 Holt McDougal Algebra 1
As n gets larger, the center remains at 1, but the length of the
interval gets smaller.
Lesson 2-6 139 3/2/11 2:26:03 AM

In Exercise 48, stu- 46. Critical Thinking If there is no solution to a compound inequality, does the
dents who chose F compound inequality involve OR or AND? Explain. An inequality with OR always
solved only the sec- has solutions because the two simple inequalities do not have to be true at the
ond inequality. Students who chose same time. A compound inequality with no solutions must involve AND.
J graphed the solutions as an OR
statement. 47. Which of the following describes the solutions of -x + 1 > 2 OR x - 1 > 2?
In Exercise 49, students can start by all real numbers greater than 1 or less than 3
looking at the open circle at 2 and all real numbers greater than 3 or less than 1
determining that the correct symbol all real numbers greater than -1 or less than 3
is <. This immediately eliminates all all real numbers greater than 3 or less than -1
choices but B.
48. Which of the following is a graph of the solutions of x - 3 < 2 AND x + 3 > 2?
È x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È
Journal
Explain the difference between graph- -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È
ing an inequality involving AND and
graphing an inequality involving OR. 49. Which compound inequality is shown by the graph?
{ Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x È
x ≤ 2 OR x > 5 x ≤ 2 OR x ≥ 5
Have students write and graph a x < 2 OR x ≥ 5 x ≥ 2 OR x > 5
compound inequality with AND and
one with OR, such that solving each 50. Which of the following is a solution of x + 1 ≥ 3 AND x + 1 ≤ 3?
simple inequality involves two steps. 0 1 2 3

Solve and graph each compound inequality.
51. 2c - 10 < 5 - 3c < 7c 0.5 < c < 3 52. 5p - 10 < p + 6 < 3p 3 < p < 4
2-6 53. s ≤ 6 OR s ≥ 9 53. 2s ≤ 18 - s OR 5s ≥ s + 36 54. 9 - x ≥ 5x OR 20 - 3x ≤ 17
54. x ≤ 1 1 _ 55. Write a compound inequality that represents all values of x that are NOT solutions to
x < -1 OR x > 3. -1 ≤ x ≤ 3
1. The target heart rate during 2
OR x ≥ 1 56. For the compound inequality x + 2 ≥ a AND x - 7 ≤ b, find values of a and b for
exercise for a 15-year-old is
between 154 and 174 beats which the only solution is x = 1. a = 3; b = -6
per minute inclusive. Write a
compound inequality to show
the heart rates that are within
the target range. Graph the
solutions. 154 ≤ h ≤ 174
144 154 164 174 184
Solve each compound

solutions.
2. 2 ≤ 2w + 4 ≤ 12
-1 ≤ w ≤ 4
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
3. 3 + r > -2 OR 3 + r < -7 Answers

r > -5 OR r < -10 51.
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

-10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 52.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Write the compound inequality 53.
shown by each graph.
0 3 6 9 12
4. -7 54.
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 0 __1 1 1__12 2
2
x < -7 OR x ≥ 0
5.
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-2 ≤ a < 4
140 Chapter 2
Triangle Inequality Organizer
Geometry
Geometry For any triangle, the sum of the lengths of any two sides is greater than the
Pacing:
Traditional  __
length of the third side. 1
2
    day
__
1
Block  4    day
Objective: Apply the algebra
skills of solving inequalities to
The sides of this triangle are labeled a, b, and c. You can use the
Triangle Inequality to write three statements about the triangle. finding possible side lengths of
> triangles.
L
a+b>c a+c>b b+c>a
Unless all three of the inequalities are true, the lengths a, b, and c cannot Online Edition
form a triangle. V
Countdown
Example 1
Can three side lengths of 25 cm, 15 cm, and 5 cm form a triangle?
a. 25 + 15 > 5 b. 25 + 5 > 15 c. 15 + 5 > 25

Teach
40 > 5 True 30 > 15 True 20 > 25 False £xÊV Remember
xÊV
One of the inequalities is false, so the three lengths will not make Students review and apply the geo-
a triangle. The situation is shown in the figure to the right. ÓxÊV metric properties of triangles.
Kinesthetic Students
may better understand the
Example 2
Triangle Inequality if they
Two sides of a triangle measure 8 ft and 10 ft. What is the range of lengths of the third side? attempt to make triangles from vari-
Start by writing three statements about the triangle. Use x for the unknown side length. ous lengths of straw or spaghetti.
a. 8 + 10 > x b. 8 + x > 10 c. x + 10 > 8
18 > x 8 + x - 8 > 10 - 8 x + 10 - 10 > 8 - 10 Close
x>2 x > -2 Assess
The third side must be The third side must be This provides no new
shorter than 18 ft. longer than 2 ft. useful information. Have students give three possible
From part a, the third side must be shorter than 18 ft. And from part b, it must be longer side lengths for the third side of the
than 2 ft. An inequality showing this is 2 < x < 18. triangles in Problems 4–6.
Try This _3 yd < 6 _1 yd Answers

3. no; 3 yd + 2 4. 0 in. < x < 14 in.
Decide whether the three lengths given can form a triangle. If not, explain. 4 2
1 3 yd 5. 2.5 ft < x < 13.9 ft
1. 14 ft, 30 ft, 10 ft 2. 11 cm, 8 cm, 17 cm 3. 6 _ yd, 3 yd, 2 _
no; 14 ft + 10 ft < 30 ft yes 2 4 6. 3 m < x < 33 m
Write a compound inequality for the range of lengths of the third side of each triangle.
4. ÇÊ° 5. 6.
x°ÇÊvÌ £nÊ
ÇÊ° n°ÓÊvÌ
£xÊ
Connecting Algebra to Geometry 141
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02CN.indd 141 2/4/11 11:38:57 PM
Connecting Algebra to Geometry 141

2-7 Organizer
2-7 Solving Absolute-Value
Pacing: Traditional 2 days
Block 1 day
Inequalities
CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equations and inequalities in one variable, including equations with coefficients
Objective: Solve inequalities in represented by letters. Also CC.9-12.A.CED.1*
one variable involving absolute- Objective Why learn this?
value expressions. Solve inequalities in You can solve an absolute-value inequality to determine the safe
one variable involving range for the pressure of a fire extinguisher. (See Example 3.)
absolute-value
Online Edition expressions.
Tutorial Videos When an inequality contains an absolute-value expression, it can be rewritten as
a compound inequality. The inequality ⎪x⎥ < 5 describes all real numbers whose
distance from 0 is less than 5 units. The solutions are all numbers between -5
Countdown and 5, so ⎪x⎥ < 5 can be rewritten as -5 < x < 5 or as x > -5 AND x < 5.
Absolute-Value Inequalities Involving <
WORDS NUMBERS
The inequality ⎪x⎥ < a (when a > 0) asks, “What ⎪x⎥ < 5
Warm Up values of x have an absolute value less than a?”
The solutions are numbers between -a and a.
-5 < x < 5
x > -5 AND x < 5
the solutions. GRAPH ALGEBRA
1. x + 7 < 4 x < -3 >ÊÕÌÃ >ÊÕÌÃ ⎪x⎥ < a (when a > 0)

-a < x < a
> ä >
x > -a AND x < a
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1
The same properties are true for inequalities that use the symbol ≤.
2. 14x ≥ 28 x ≥2
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
EXAMPLE 1 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Involving <
3. 5 + 2x > 1 x > -2 Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
A ⎪x⎥ + 3 < 12
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 ⎪x⎥ + 3 < 12
-3 -3 Since 3 is added to ⎪x⎥, subtract 3 from
Just as you do when −−−−− −−−
Also available online ⎪x⎥ < 9 both sides to undo the addition.
solving absolute-
value equations, x > -9 AND x < 9 Write as a compound inequality.
you first isolate ÊÕÌÃ ÊÕÌÃ
the absolute-value
expression when £Ó È Î ä Î È £Ó
solving absolute-
value inequalities. B ⎪x + 4⎥ ≤ 2
Q: What does an absolute-value
x + 4 ≥ -2 AND x + 4 ≤ 2 Write as a compound inequality.
expression work on when it goes
-4 -4 -4 -4 Solve each inequality.
to the gym? −−−− −−− −−−− −−−
x ≥ -6 AND x ≤ -2 Write as a compound inequality.
A: Its “abs”!
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1
1 Introduce
Motivate
Solving Absolute-Value
including equations with coefficients Inequalities
represented by letters. In this activity, you will investigate the inequality X 2. Present the following situation to the class: To get
CC.9-12.A.CED.1 Create equations 1. Copy and complete the table. a B on an exam, a student’s score must be no
and inequalities in one variable and use x 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 more than 5 points away from 85. Ask students

X
2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
them to solve problems.* what scores result in a B. Plot these values on a

2. Circle all the values of x for which X 2.
number line. Then explain that an absolute-value
3. Copy the number line. Shade all the values of x on the
number line for which X 2. inequality can be used to describe the set of
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 scores.
4. Is the value 1.9 included in the shaded region? Why or why
not? Yes; because
1.9
2
5. Are the values 2 and 2 included in the shaded region? Why

or why not? No; the absolute values of 2 and 2 are not less than 2.
6. What can you say about the distance of x from 0 on the

State Resources Online number line if you know that X 2? x is less than 2 units from 0.
your online resources.
THINK AND DISCUSS
7. Describe the region you shaded using a compound
inequality. 2 x 2
8. Explain how the shaded region would be different for the
142 Chapter 2 inequality X 2. It would include the endpoints, 2 and 2.
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. -15 ≤ x ≤ 9
"" Ê ,,",
1a. 2⎪x⎥ ≤ 6 -3 ≤ x ≤ 3 1b. ⎪x + 3⎥ - 4.5 ≤ 7.5 9 ,/
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
The inequality ⎪x⎥ > 5 describes all real numbers whose distance from 0 is In Example 1B, students may try
greater than 5 units. The solutions are all numbers less than -5 or greater than to subtract 4 from both sides of the
5. The inequality ⎪x⎥ > 5 can be rewritten as the compound inequality x < -5 inequality as a first step. Remind
OR x > 5. students that they must first remove
the absolute-value symbol by writing
Absolute-Value Inequalities Involving > a compound inequality.
WORDS NUMBERS
The inequality ⎪x⎥ > a (when a > 0) asks, “What ⎪x⎥ > 5
values of x have an absolute value greater than x < -5 OR x > 5
a?” The solutions are numbers less than -a or Additional Examples
greater than a.
Example 1
GRAPH ALGEBRA
>ÊÕÌÃ >ÊÕÌÃ ⎪x⎥ > a (when a > 0)
the solutions.
x < -a OR x > a
> ä > A. ⎪x⎥ - 3 < -1 -2 < x < 2
The same properties are true for inequalities that use the symbol ≥.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
B. ⎪x - 1⎥ ≤ 2 -1 ≤ x ≤ 3
EXAMPLE 2 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities Involving >
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
A ⎪x⎥ - 20 > -13
Example 2
⎪x⎥ - 20 > -13
+ 20 + 20 Since 20 is subtracted from ⎪x⎥, add 20 to Solve each inequality and graph
−−−−− −−−−
⎪x⎥ > 7 both sides to undo the subtraction. the solutions.
x < -7 OR x > 7 Write as a compound inequality. A. ⎪x⎥ + 14 ≥ 19 x ≤ -5 OR
ÇÊÕÌÃ ÇÊÕÌÃ
x≥5
£ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä -10 -5 0 5 10
B ⎪x - 8⎥ + 5 ≥ 11 B. 3 + ⎪x + 2⎥ > 5 x < -4 OR
⎪x - 8⎥ + 5 ≥ 11 x>0
-5 -5 Since 5 is added to ⎪x - 8⎥, subtract 5
−−−−−−− −−−
⎪x - 8 ⎥ ≥ 6 from both sides to undo the addition. -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1
x - 8 ≤ -6 OR x - 8 ≥ 6 Write as a compound inequality.
+8 +8 +8 +8 Solve each inequality.
−−−− −−− −−−− −−−
x ≤ 2 OR x ≥ 14 Write as a compound inequality.
2a. x ≤ -2 OR x ≥ 2
Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó £{ £È £n
INTERVENTION
Questioning
Strategies
-2 2
2b.x ≤ -6 OR x ≥ 1 EX AM P LE 1
2a. ⎪x⎥ + 10 ≥ 12 2b. x + 2 _1 +_
2
1 ≥4
2 ⎪ ⎥ • Why does an absolute-value
-6 1 inequality with a less-than symbol
indicate an AND statement?
2- 7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities 143
EX AM P LE 2
2 Teach • Why does an absolute-value

inequality with a greater-than
symbol indicate an OR statement?
Guided Instruction Reading Math Have
Remind students that the absolute value Through Auditory Cues students read ⎪x⎥ as “the
of a number is its distance from 0 on a Stress the word than when saying “less distance from zero” to help
number line. Then briefly review how to than” and stress the suffix -er when saying them visualize what the graph of an
solve compound inequalities. “greater.” Then the appropriate compound absolute-value inequality will look
Use number lines and simple absolute- word almost rhymes with the inequality in like. For example, ⎪x⎥ < 3 can be
value inequalities like ⎪x⎥ < 5 and ⎪x⎥ > 5 the following phrase: “Less than is AND, read as “the distance from zero is
to show why less-than symbols indicate an greater is OR.” less than 3.”
AND statement and greater-than symbols
indicate an OR statement.
Lesson 2-7 143

EXAMPLE 3 Safety Application
Some fire extinguishers contain pressurized water. The water pressure
Additional Examples should be 162.5 psi (pounds per square inch), but it is acceptable for the
pressure to differ from this value by at most 12.5 psi. Write and solve an
Example 3 absolute-value inequality to find the range of acceptable pressures.
Graph the solutions.
A pediatrician recommends that a
Let p represent the actual water pressure of a fire extinguisher.
baby’s bath water be 95 °F, but it
is acceptable for the temperature The difference between p
and the ideal pressure is at most 12.5 psi.
to vary from this amount by as
much as 3 °F. Write and solve an
|p - 162.5| ≤ 12.5
absolute-value inequality to find
the range of acceptable tempera- ⎪p - 162.5⎥ ≤ 12.5
tures. Graph the solutions. p - 162.5 ≥ -12.5 AND p - 162.5 ≤ 12.5 Solve the two inequalities.
⎪t - 95⎥ ≤ 3; 92 ≤ t ≤ 98 + 162.5 + 162.5 + 162.5 + 162.5
−−−−−−− −−−−−− −−−−−−− −−−−−−
p ≥ 150 AND p ≤ 175
90 92 94 96 98 100
Example 4 140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190
Solve each inequality. The range of acceptable pressures is 150 ≤ p ≤ 175.

A. ⎪x + 4⎥ - 5 > -8 all real num-
3. A dry-chemical fire extinguisher should be pressurized to 125 psi,
bers but it is acceptable for the pressure to differ from this value by
B. ⎪x - 2⎥ + 9 < 7 no solutions 3. ⎪p - 125⎥ ≤ 75; 50 ≤ p ≤ 200 at most 75 psi. Write and solve an absolute-value inequality to
find the range of acceptable pressures. Graph the solutions.
25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225
When solving an absolute-value inequality, you may get a statement that is true
for all values of the variable. In this case, all real numbers are solutions of the
original inequality. If you get a false statement when solving an absolute-value
INTERVENTION
Questioning inequality, the original inequality has no solutions.
Strategies
EXAMPLE 4 Special Cases of Absolute-Value Inequalities
EX A M P L E 3
• How can you use an inequality to
A ⎪x - 6⎥ + 7 > 2
represent the phrase “at most”?
⎪x - 6 ⎥ + 7 > 2
-7 -7 Subtract 7 from both sides.
EX A M P L E 4 −−−−−−− −−−
⎪x - 6 ⎥ > -5 Absolute-value expressions are always nonnegative.
• How can you tell when an Therefore, the statement is true for all values of x.
absolute-value inequality will All real numbers are solutions.
have all real numbers as its
solutions? B ⎪x + 12⎥ - 5 ≤ -6
• How can you tell when an ⎪x + 12⎥ - 5 ≤ -6
absolute-value inequality will +5 +5 Add 5 to both sides.
An absolute value −−−−−−−− −−−
have no solutions? ⎪x + 12⎥ ≤ -1 Absolute-value expressions are always nonnegative.
represents a distance, Therefore, the statement is false for all values of x.
and distance cannot
be less than 0. The inequality has no solutions.

4a. ⎪x⎥ - 9 ≥ -11 4b. 4⎪x - 3.5⎥ ≤ -8
all real numbers no solutions
3 Close
Solve each absolute-value inequality. Diagnose Before the Lesson

Warm Up, TE
1. 4 + ⎪x⎥ < 16 -12 < x < 12
2. ⎪x - 3⎥ + 5 ≤ -8 no solutions
3. ⎪x + 1⎥ - 4 ≥ 3 x ≤ -8 OR x ≥ 6 Check It Out! Exercises, SE
4. 2⎪x + 6⎥ > -10 all real numbers Questioning Strategies, TE

Lesson Quiz, TE
144 Chapter 2
THINK AND DISCUSS 1. Possible answer: The solutions
1. Describe how the solutions of 7⎪x⎥ ≤ 21 are of 7⎪x⎥ ≤ 21 are all values of x
Absolute-Value between -3 and 3, inclusive. The
different from the solutions of 7⎪x⎥ < 21. Inequalities
solutions of 7⎪x⎥ < 21 are all val-
2. GET ORGANIZED Copy and complete
the graphic organizer. In each box, write AND OR
ues of x between -3 and 3, not
an example of the indicated type of including these values.
absolute-value inequality and then solve. 2. See Additional Answers.
2-7 2-7 Exercises

Exercises
GUIDED PRACTICE
Assignment Guide
SEE EXAMPLE 1 1. ⎪x⎥ - 5 ≤ -2 2. ⎪x + 1⎥ - 7.8 < 6.2
3. ⎪3x⎥ + 2 < 8 Assign Guided Practice exercises
4. 4⎪x⎥ ≤ 20 5. ⎪x - 5⎥ + 1 < 2 6. x + _1 -_
2
1 ≤ 3_
2
1
2 ⎪ ⎥ as necessary.
SEE EXAMPLE 2 7. ⎪x⎥ - 6 > 16 8. ⎪x⎥ + 2.9 > 8.6 9. 2⎪x⎥ ≥ 8 If you finished Examples 1–2
1 ≥ 7_1 Basic 20–31, 45–48
10. ⎪x + 2 ⎥ > 7 11. ⎪x - 3⎥ + 2 ≥ 4 12. ⎪x + 5⎥ - 4 _
2 2 Average 20−31, 39, 40, 45−48
SEE EXAMPLE 3 13. Nutrition A nutritionist recommends that an adult male consume 55 grams of Advanced 20−31, 39, 40,
fat per day. It is acceptable for the fat intake to differ from this amount by at most
45−48, 58, 59
25 grams. Write and solve an absolute-value inequality to find the range of fat intake
that is acceptable. Graph the solutions. If you finished Examples 1–4
SEE EXAMPLE 4 Solve each inequality. Basic 20−38, 42−52, 55−57
no solutions all real numbers
14. ⎪x⎥ + 8 ≤ 2 no solutions 15. ⎪x + 3⎥ < -5 16. ⎪x + 4⎥ ≥ -8
Average 20−44, 46−52 even,
1 > -1 53−58
17. ⎪x - 5⎥ + _ 18. ⎪3x⎥ + 7 > 2 19. ⎪x - 7⎥ + 3.5 ≤ 2
3 Advanced 20−44 even, 45−60
all real numbers all real numbers no solutions
Homework Quick Check
PRACTICE AND PROBLEM SOLVING Quickly check key concepts.
Independent Practice Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Exercises: 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 24
For See
Exercises Example 20. ⎪x⎥ + 6 ≤ 10 21. ⎪x - 3⎥ < 1 22. ⎪x - 2⎥ - 8 ≤ -3
20–25 1 23. ⎪5x⎥ < 15 24. ⎪x - 2.4⎥ + 4 ≤ 6.4 25. 4 + ⎪x + 3⎥ < 7
26–31 2
26. ⎪x - 1⎥ > 2 27. 6⎪x⎥ ≥ 60 28. ⎪x - 4⎥ + 3 > 8
32 3 Answers
33–38 4 29. 2⎪x + 2⎥ ≥ 16 31. x - _1 + 9 > 10 _ 1
30. 3 + ⎪x - 4⎥ > 4
2 2 ⎪ ⎥ 1. -3 ≤ x ≤ 3
Extra Practice 32. The thermostat for a sauna is set to 175 °F, but the actual temperature of the sauna
may vary by as much as 12 °F. Write and solve an absolute-value inequality to find -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Applications Practice the range of possible temperatures. Graph the solutions.
exercises. 2. -15 < x < 13
13
Solve each inequality. all real numbers all real numbers
3 - 2 > -4
33. 12 + ⎪x⎥ ≤ 10no solutions34. x + _
5 ⎪ ⎥ 35. ⎪x + 1⎥ + 5 ≥ 4
all real numbers
-15 0 15
36. ⎪4x⎥ - 3 < -6 37. 3⎪x - 4⎥ ≤ -9 38. ⎪2x⎥ + 9 ≥ 9

no solutions no solutions
2- 7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities 145
in solving them. Exercises 13, 32, 49–52
3. -2 < x < 2 8. x < -5.7 OR x > 5.7 -5.7 5.7
M CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02L07.indd 145 -10 -5 0 54027011
10 11:27:08 AMExercises
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 9. x ≤ -4 OR x ≥ 4 39–41
4. -5 ≤ x ≤ 5 Construct viable arguments and critique

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 the reasoning of others. Exercises
-9
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 10. x < -9 OR x > 5 53–54, 60
-10 -5 0 5 10
5. 4 < x < 6
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 11. x ≤ 1 OR x ≥ 5
6. -4_ ≤ x ≤ 3_
1 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
12. x ≤ -17 OR x ≥ 7 -17 7
2 2
-4__1 3__12 -20 -10 0 10 20
2
13. ⎪x - 55⎥ ≤ 25; 30 ≤ x ≤ 80
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
7. x < -22 OR x > 22 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

20–32. See Additional Answers.
-22 -11 0 11 22
Lesson 2-7 145

Exercise 52 involves Tell whether each statement is sometimes, always, or never true. Explain.
using absolute-value 39. The value of ⎪x + 1⎥ is greater than -5. always
inequalities to 40. The value of ⎪x - 7⎥ is less than 0. never
determine the range of possible
prices for a CD. This exercise pre- 41. An absolute-value inequality has all real numbers as solutions. sometimes
pares students for the Multi-Step
Write and solve an absolute-value inequality for each expression. Graph the
Test Prep.
solutions on a number line.
42. All numbers whose absolute value is less than or equal to 15
Answers 43. All numbers less than or equal to 3 units from 2 on the number line
39. Absolute-value expressions are 44. All numbers at least 2 units from 8 on the number line
always nonneg.
40. Absolute-value expressions are Write an absolute-value inequality for each graph.
always nonneg. 45. 46.
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
41. Possible answer: ⎜x + 1⎟> -5
has all real numbers as solutions, 47. ÈÊÚÚ
Ê£ÊÊÊÊ ÈÊÚÚ
Ê£ÊÊÊ 48. Ç Ç
Ó Ó
but ⎜x - 7⎟< 0 has no solutions.
£ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä
42. ⎜x⎟≤ 15; -15 ≤ x ≤ 15
49. Multi-Step The frequency of a sound wave determines its pitch. The human ear
-30 -15
can detect a wide range of frequencies, from 20 Hz (very low notes) to 20,000 Hz
0 15 30
(very high notes).
43. ⎜x - 2⎟≤ 3; -1 ≤ x ≤ 5 a. What frequency is at the middle of the range?
b. Write an absolute-value inequality for the range of frequencies the human ear
-1 5 can detect.

44. ⎜x - 8⎟≥ 2; x ≤ 6 OR x ≥ 10 50. Biology The diagram shows the
Temperature Range of Fish
temperature range at which several fish
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
species can survive. For each species,
write an absolute-value inequality Sea
Bass
45. ⎜a⎟≤ 2 that gives the range of temperatures
at which it can survive.
46. ⎜b⎟> 3 Rainbow
Rainbo
Rai
Ra
a o
Fish
47. ⎜c⎟≥ 6 _   
Trrout
T
Trout
1 51. Entertainment On a game show,
2 a contestant must guess a secret European
48. ⎜d⎟< 7 two-digit number. The secret number Eel
49. a. 10,010 Hz is 23. Write an absolute-value 0 4 8 12

2 16 2
200 24 28
8 32
3 34 36
inequality that shows that the
b. ⎜x - 10,010⎟≤ 9990 Water
t Temperature
T t (˚C)
((˚C
˚
contestant’s guess is more than 12
50. European eel: ⎜x - 23⎟≤ 11; numbers away from the secret number.
Rainbow trout: ⎜x - 15⎟≤ 11; ⎪n - 23⎥ > 12
Sea bass: ⎜x - 21⎟≤ 9
52. The manager of a band recommends that the band sell its CDs for $8.75. The band
decides to sell the CDs for p dollars.
a. Write an absolute-value expression that tells how far the band’s price is from the
recommended price. ⎪p - 8.75⎥
b. The band wants the price of its CD to be no more than $1.25 from the
recommended price. Write an absolute-value inequality that gives the range of
possible prices for the CD. ⎪p - 8.75⎥ ≤ 1.25
c. Solve the inequality. Write the solution as a compound inequality.
(tl), © Brand X Pictures;

$7.50 ≤ p ≤ $10.00
Practice A
Practice C
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________
LESSON
2-7
Practice B
Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________ Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class__________________ Name _____
1. ⏐x⏐ − 2 ≤ 3 2. ⏐x + 1⏐ +5 < 7
Reading Strategies Review for Mastery R
x ≥ −5 AND x ≤ 5 x > −3 AND x < 1
LESSON
2-7 Reading Strategies
Use a Model
LESSON
2-7 RETEACH
Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities S
You can use a number line to help you solve absolute-value inequalities To solve an absolute-value inequality, first use inverse operations to isolate the absolute-value You can
3. 3⏐x − 6⏐ ≤ 9 4. ⏐x + 3⏐ − 1.5 < −2.5 that have the form ⏐x − b⏐ ≤ c or ⏐x − b⏐ < c. The following steps show expression. Then write and solve a compound inequality. greater-t
how to use this method to solve ⏐x − 1⏐ ≤ 3. expressio
x ≥ 3 AND x ≤ 9 x > −7 AND x < 1 Solve ⏐x − 2⏐ + 8 < 10.
Step 1: Plot the value of b on the number line.
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L07.indd 146 Step 1: Isolate the absolute-value expression.
2/5/11 2:20:47
SolveAM
⏐x
In ⏐x − 1⏐ ≤ 3, b = 1
5. ⏐x⏐ + 17 > 20 6. ⏐x − 6⏐ −7 > −3 St
⏐x − 2⏐ + 8 < 10
Step 2: Plot the two points that are c units away from b.
x < −3 OR x > 3 x < 2 OR x > 10 ⏐x
In this case, c = 3. −8 −8 Subtract 8 from both sides.
⏐x − 2⏐ < 2
1 ⏐x
7. x +5 ≥2 8. 2⏐x − 2⏐ ≥ 3 Step 3: Shade the points in between. Step 2: Solve a compound inequality.
2 St
The solution is −2 ≤ x ≤ 4 ⏐x − 2⏐< 2 means x − 2 > −2 AND x − 2 < 2.
x ≤ −9 OR x ≥ −1 x ≤ 0.5 OR x ≥ 3.5 ⏐x
+2 +2 +2 +2 Solve each inequality.
1. When you use a number line to solve the inequality x > 0 AND x <4
9. The organizers of a drama club wanted to sell 350 tickets to their

⏐x − 5⏐ < 4, which point should you plot first? 5 Graph the solution as shown.
Graph the
show. The actual sales were no more than 35 tickets from this goal. 2. Which points should you plot next? 1 and 9
Write and solve an absolute-value inequality to find the range of the
3. Graph the solutions of ⏐x − 5⏐ < 4 on the
number of tickets that may have been sold.
number line.
x − 350 ≤ 35; 315 ≤ x ≤ 385 4. When you use a number line to solve the inequality Solve each
⏐x + 1⏐ ≤ 2, which point should you plot first? 1. ⏐x⏐ + 12 < 16 2. ⏐x − 1⏐ + 5 ≤ 9
5. 4 + ⏐x
10. The temperature at noon in Los Angeles on a summer day was 88 °F. (Hint:The inequality can be written as ⏐x − (− 1)⏐ ≤ 2) −1 x > −4 AND x < 4 x ≥ −3 AND x ≤ 5
During the day, the temperature varied from this by as much as 7.5 °F. x≤−
Write and solve an absolute-value inequality to find the range of 5. Which points should you plot next? −3 and 1
possible temperatures for that day. 6. Graph the solutions of ⏐x + 1⏐ ≤ 2 on the 3. 7⏐x⏐ ≤ 21 4. ⏐x + 4⏐ − 3 < −2
x − 88 ≤ 7.5; 80.5 ≤ x ≤ 95.5 number line.
x ≥ −3 AND x ≤ 3 x > −5 AND x < −3 7. ⏐x⏐ −
7. Use this method to graph the solutions
of ⏐x + 2⏐ < 1. x<−
52
146
Holt McDougal Algebra 1
Chapter 2
CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L07b-a.indd 52 3/2/11 2:26:13 AM Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Holt McDougal. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original content
53. Critical Thinking For which values of k does the inequality ⎪x⎥ + 1 < k have no
COMMON ERROR
solutions? Explain.
ALERT
54. Write About It Describe how to use an absolute-value inequality to find all the
values on a number line that are within 5 units of -6. When writing an absolute-value
inequality of the form ⎜ x - k⎟≤ a,
students sometimes confuse the
55. What is the solution of the inequality 3 + ⎪x + 4⎥ < 6? values that should be used for k
-13 < x < 5 -6 < x < -2 and a. In Exercise 43, students may
-7 < x < -1 1<x<7 write ⎜x - 3⎟≤ 2. Explain that the
value that is at the center of the
56. A thermometer gives temperature readings that may be inaccurate by at most 2 °F. range (in this case, 2) should
The actual temperature is 75 °F. Which absolute-value inequality describes the range appear inside the absolute-value
of temperatures that may be shown on the thermometer? expression, so the correct inequality
⎪x - 75⎥ ≤ 2 ⎪x + 75⎥ ≤ 2 ⎪x - 75⎥ ≥ 2 ⎪x + 75⎥ ≥ 2 is ⎜x - 2⎟≤ 3.
57. The inequality ⎪w - 156⎥ ≤ 3 describes the weights of members of a wrestling
team. Which statement is NOT true? If students answered
All of the team members weigh no more than 159 pounds. H or J for Exercise 56,
A team member may weigh 152 pounds. remind them that the
Every member of the team is at most 3 pounds away from 156 pounds. range of values is represented
There are no team members who weigh 160 pounds. by AND, which corresponds to a
less-than symbol. Therefore, choices
H and J can be eliminated at once.
Write an absolute-value inequality for each graph. Answers
- 1__
1
3__
1
58. -2.4 4.2 59. 2 2 53, 54 See Additional Answers.
58. Possible answer:
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
⎪x - 0.9⎥ ≤ 3.3 Journal
60. Critical Thinking Fill in the missing reasons to justify each step in solving
59. Possible answer: Have students compare the
⎪x - 1⎥ > 2 _
⎪2x - 6⎥ + 5 ≤ 7.
1 steps they would use to solve
2 Statements Reasons ⎜x + 1⎟- 5 < 4 with the steps they
1. ⎪2x - 6⎥ + 5 ≤ 7 Given
would use to solve ⎜ x + 1⎟- 5 > 4.
2. ⎪2x - 6⎥ ≤ 2 Subtr. Prop. of? Ineq.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
3. 2x - 6 ≥ -2 AND 2x - 6 ≤ 2 Definition of absolute value
4. 2x ≥ 4 AND 2x ≤ 8 Add. Prop. of ?Ineq.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− Have students write and solve
5. x≥2 AND x≤4 Div. Prop. of Ineq.
?
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− an absolute-value inequality that
involves AND and an absolute-value
inequality that involves OR.
2-7

the solutions.
1. 3⎜x⎟> 15 x < -5 OR x > 5
2- 7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities 147 -10 -5 0 5 10
2. ⎜x + 3⎟+ 1 < 3 -5 < x <

Problem Solving
Problem solving Challenge
challenge
LESSON LESSON
2-7 2-7
Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities
Write the correct answer.
Solving More Complex Absolute-Value Inequalities
When you solve a multi-step inequality, you may need to simplify expressions,
-1
1. A carpenter cuts boards that are 2 meters 2. During a workout, Vince tries to keep his combine like terms, or use the Distributive Property. This also applies when you
long. It is acceptable for the length to heart rate at 134 beats per minute. His solve inequalities that involve absolute values.
differ from this value by at most actual heart rate varies from this value by For example, to solve 3(⏐x⏐ + 4) < 18, you can first use the Distributive Property
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02L07.indd 147
0.05 meters. Write and solve an as much as 8 beats per minute. Write on the left side of the equation to write 3⏐x⏐ + 12 < 18. 2/5/11 2:20:49 AM
absolute-value inequality to find the and solve an absolute-value inequality to
1. Show how to finish solving the above inequality. Graph the solutions.
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
range of acceptable lengths. find Vince's range of heart rates.
x − 2 ≤ 0.05; x − 134 ≤ 8; 3| x | < 6; | x | < 2; x > −2 AND x < 2
1.95 ≤ x ≤ 2.05 126 ≤ x ≤ 142 3. A number n is no more than

3. Mai thinks of a secret number. She says
that her secret number is more than 11
units away from 50. Write an absolute-
4. Boxes of cereal are supposed to weigh
15.3 ounces each. A quality-control
manager finds that the boxes are no
In some cases, you may need to combine like terms. For example, to solve
6⏐x⏐ − 5 + 3⏐x⏐ ≥ 22, first combine the absolute-value terms to write 7 units away from 5. Write
9⏐x⏐ − 5 ≥ 22.
value inequality that gives the possible
values of Mai's number.
more than 0.4 ounces away from this
weight. Write an absolute-value 2. Show how to finish solving the above inequality. Graph the solutions. and solve an absolute-value
inequality that gives the range of possible
x − 50 > 11 weights of the boxes. 9| x | ≥ 27; | x | ≥ 3; x ≤ −3 OR x ≥ 3
inequality to show the range
x − 15.3 ≤ 0.4
The table gives the typical lifespan for several mammals. Use the Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
of possible values for n.
table for questions 5-7. Select the best answer. 3. 5⏐x⏐ + 1 − 3⏐x⏐ ≤ 3 4. 2(5 + ⏐x⏐) < 13
3 3
⎜n - 5⎟≤ 7; -2 ≤ n ≤ 12
5. Which absolute-value inequality gives
6. Which mammal has a lifespan that can x ≥ −1 AND x ≤ 1 x>− AND x <
the number of years a goat may live?
be represented by the absolute-value
2 2
A ⏐x − 6⏐ ≤ 11 C ⏐x − 24⏐ ≤ 6 inequality ⏐x − 12.5⏐ ≤ 2.5? Solve each inequality.
B ⏐x − 15⏐ ≤ 9 D ⏐x − 30⏐ ≤ 9 F Antelope H Otter
7. The inequality | x − 17⏐ ≤ c gives the
number of years a panda may live.
G Koala J Wolf
5. 7⏐x + 1⏐ − 5⏐x + 1⏐ > 4 6. 3(⏐x − 2⏐ + 1) ≥ −1 4. ⎜3x⎟+ 1 < 1 no solutions
What is the value of c? Lifespan Lifespan x < −3 OR x > 1 all real numbers
Mammal Mammal
A
B 6
3 C 14
D 20 Antelope
(years)
10 to 25
(years)
Otter 15 to 20
5. ⎜x + 2⎟- 3 ≥ -6 all real
Goat
Koala
6 to 24
10 to 15
Panda
Wolf
14 to 20
13 to 15
numbers
Source:
http://www.sandiegozoo.org/animalbytes/a-mammal.html Also available online
Lesson 2-7 147
CS10_A1_MECR710532_C02L07e-a.indd 56 3/2/11 2:26:18 AM

CHAPTER
Make sense of
SECTION 2B
SECTION problems and
2B
persevere in solving
Multi-Step and Compound Inequalities them.
Guitar Picks Cullen and his band are interested in recording a

CD of their music. The recording studio charges $450 to record the
Organizer
music and then charges $5 for each CD. The band is required to
spend at least $1000 for the total of the recording and CD charges.
1. Write an equation for the cost c of the CDs based on the number of
Objective: Assess students’ CDs n. c = 450 + 5n
ability to apply concepts and and
2. Write an inequality that can be used to determine the minimum
skills in a real-world format. number of CDs that must be burned at this studio to meet the $1000
total. 450 + 5n ≥ 1000
Online Edition 3. Solve your inequality from Problem 2.
n ≥ 110 where n is a natural
number
4. The band orders the minimum number of CDs found in Problem 3.
They want to sell the CDs and make at least as much money
as they spent for the recording studio and making the CDs.
Write an inequality that can be solved to determine the
minimum amount the band should charge for their CDs.
110x ≥ 1000
5. Solve your inequality from
Problem 4. x ≥ 9.09
6. If the band has 30 more CDs
made than the minimum
number found in Problem 3
and charges the minimum
price found in Problem 5,
will they make a profit? If so,
how much profit will the
(tl), ©Brand X Pictures; (br), Peter Beavis/Taxi/Getty Images; (cr), PhotoDisc/Getty Images; (bl), PhotoDisc/Getty Images
band make? yes; $122.60

in solving them.
INTERVENTION
Scaffolding Questions
CC13_A1_MESE647036_C02MPb.indd 148 4027011 11:27:52 A
1. What is the cost if Cullen’s band purchas- 4–5. What expression can be used to repre-
es only 1 CD? $455 What is the cost if the sent the amount made from selling the
band purchases 10 CDs? $500 CDs? 110x Would the endpoint on a
2–3. What inequality symbol is indicated by graph of the inequality have an empty
the word minimum? greater than or or a solid circle? solid
equal to Would a graph of the inequal- 6. How is the profit from the sale of CDs
ity be shaded or have individual points? determined? sales minus cost
Explain. individual points, because they
must buy whole numbers of CDs Extension
Write and solve an inequality to find the
number of CDs they would need to purchase
State Resources Online and sell for $9 each in order to make at least
$200 profit. 200 ≤ 9x - (450 + 5x);
x ≥ 162.5; at least 163 CDs
148 Chapter 2
CHAPTER
SECTION 2B
section
Quiz for Lessons 2-4 Through 2-7
2-4 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Inequalities
2B
1. 2x + 3 < 9 x < 3 2. 3t - 2 > 10 t > 4 3. 7 ≥ 1 - 6r r ≥ -1
Organizer
4. 2(x - 3) > -1 x > 2.5 1a+_
5. _ 1 >_2 a> 1 _ Objective: Assess students’
3 2 3 2
6. 15 < 5(m - 7) m > 10 7. 2 + (-6) > 0.8p p < - 5 mastery of concepts and skills in
8. The average of Mindy’s two test scores must be at least 92 to make an A in the class. this section.
Mindy got an 88 on her first test. What scores can she get on her second test to make
an A in the class? Mindy must make a score of 96 or higher.
2-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides Resources

Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Assessment Resources
9. 5x < 3x + 8 x < 4 10. 6p - 3 > 9p p < -1 11. r - 8 ≥ 3r - 12 r ≤ 2 Section Quiz
12. 3(y + 6) > 2(y + 4) y > -10 13. 4(5 - g) ≥ g g ≤ 4 Intervention
14. 4x < 4(x - 1) no solutions 15. 3(1 - x) ≥ -3(x + 2) all real numbers
16. Phillip has $100 in the bank and deposits $18 per month. Gil has $145 in the bank
Resources
and deposits $15 per month. For how many months will Gil have a larger bank Ready to Go On?
balance than Phillip? 15 mo Intervention and
Enrichment Worksheets
Ready to Go On? Online
m < -3 OR m > 8
17. -2 ≤ x + 3 < 9 -5 ≤ x < 6 18. m + 2 < -1 OR m - 2 > 6
19. -3 ≥ x - 1 > 2 no solutions 20. -2 > r + 2 OR r + 4 < 5 r < 1
21. It is recommended that a certain medicine be stored in temperatures above 32 °F
and below 70 °F. Write a compound inequality to show the acceptable storage
temperatures for this medicine. 32 < t < 70
2-7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities

22. ⎪x⎥ + 9 ≤ 12 23. ⎪x + 7⎥ - 15 < 6 24. 4.5 ⎪x⎥ ≥ 31.5
-3 ≤ x ≤ 3 -28 < x < 14 x ≤ -7 OR x ≥ 7
25. ⎪x - 2⎥ ≤ 14 -12 ≤ x ≤ 16 26. ⎪x⎥ - 9.2 < -5.7 -3.5 < x < 3.5
1 + 2 ⎪x⎥ > -4
27. _ 28. 7 + ⎪3x⎥ > 13 x < -2 OR x > 2
2
all real numbers
29. Eli attended a concert. The decibel level of the music averaged 110 decibels but Answers
varied by 22 decibels from the average. Write and solve an absolute-value inequality
1–3, 9–11, 17–20, 22–24, 29. For
to find the decibel range. Graph the solutions. ⎪d - 110⎥ ≤ 22; 88 ≤ d ≤ 132
graphs, see Additional Answers.
Ready to Go On? 149
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02RGb.indd 149
NO 2/17/11 4:13:38 AM
yes
Ready to Go On? Intervention, Section 2B

Ready to Go On? Ready to Go On?
Worksheets Online
Intervention Enrichment, Section 2B
Lesson 2-4 2-4 Intervention Activity 2-4 Worksheets
Lesson 2-5 2-5 Intervention Activity 2-5 Online
Diagnose and
Lesson 2-6 2-6 Intervention Activity 2-6 Prescribe Online
Ready to Go On? 149

CHAPTER
chapter
Study Guide:
2 Review
Organizer Vocabulary
compound inequality intersection union
Objective: Help students inequality solution of an inequality
organize and review key concepts
and skills presented in this chapter. Complete the sentences below with vocabulary words from the list above.
1. A(n) ? is a mathematical statement that two quantities are not equal.
−−−−−−
Online Edition 2. The numbers that are solutions to either inequality of a compound inequality is the
Multilingual Glossary ? .
−−−−−−
3. A statement formed by combining two simple inequalities with the words AND or
Countdown OR is a(n) ? .
−−−−−−
4. The numbers that are solutions to both inequalities of a compound inequality is the
? .
−−−−−−
5. Any value that makes the inequality true is a(n) ? .
−−−−−−
Resources
2-1 Graphing and Writing Inequalities
Multilingual Glossary
EXAMPLES EXERCISES
Lesson Tutorial Videos
■ Graph the inequality y > -1. Graph each inequality.
Draw an empty circle 6. x > -3
Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î at -1. 7. p ≤ 4
Answers Shade all the numbers 8. -1 > t
1. inequality Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î greater than -1.
9. r ≥ 9.5
2. union
■ Write the inequality shown by the graph. 10. 2(3 - 5) < k
3. compound inequality
11. w < 3
4. intersection ä ä°x £ £°x Ó Ó°x Î Î°x { {°x x
5. solution of an inequality n ≤ 3.5 Use the variable n. Write the inequality shown by each graph.
6. The arrow points left, so use either
-6 -3 0 3 6 < or ≤. The solid circle means 3.5 12.
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
is a solution, so use ≤.
7. Î°x
13.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 ■ Write an inequality for the situation and { Î Ó £ ä £
8. graph the solutions. 14.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Applicants for a driver’s permit must be at least £Ó £ä n È { Ó ä
9. 16 years old. Define a variable and write an inequality for each

9 9.5 10 10.5 11 age must be at least 16 years situation. Graph the solutions.
10. 15. The temperature must be at least 72 °F.
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 a ≥ 16
16. No more than 12 students were present.
11. 17. It takes less than 30 minutes to complete the lab
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 activity.
ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó £{ £È £n Óä
12. a < 2
13. k ≥ -3.5
14. q < -10
15. t = temperature; t ≥ 72
17. m = minutes; m < 30 where m is
0 24 48 72 96
positive
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02RV.indd 150 2/17/11 4:14:40 AM
16. s = students; s ≤ 12 where s is a 0 10 20 30 40

natural number
0 3 6 9 12 15 18
150 Chapter 2
Answers
2-2 Solving Inequalities by Adding or Subtracting
18. t < 7
EXAMPLES EXERCISES
5 6 7 8 9
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
■ x+6>2 18. t + 3 < 10 19. k - 7 ≤ -5 19. k ≤ 2
x+6> 2 Since 6 is added to x, 20. -1 < m + 4 21. x + 2.3 ≥ 6.8
-6 -6 subtract 6 from both sides. -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
−−−− −−− 22. w - 3 < 6.5 23. 4 > a - 1
x > -4
3
1 <_ 20. m > -5
24. h - _ 25. 5 > 7 + v
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x 4 4
■ n - 1.3 < 3.2 26. Tammy wants to run at least 10 miles per week. -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
So far this week, she ran 4.5 miles. Write and solve
n - 1.3 < 3.2 Since 1.3 is subtracted from x, an inequality to determine how many more miles 21. x ≥ 4.5
+ 1.3 + 1.3 add 1.3 to both sides.
Tammy must run this week to reach her goal.
−−−−− −−−−
n < 4.5
27. Rob has a gift card for $50. So far, he has 4 4.5 5 5.5 6
selected a shirt that costs $32. Write and solve an
ä ä°x £ £°x Ó Ó°x Î Î°x { {°x x 22. w < 9.5
inequality to determine the additional amount
Rob could spend without exceeding the gift
card limit.
8 8.5 9 9.5 10
2-3 Solving Inequalities by Multiplying or Dividing 23. a < 5
EXAMPLES EXERCISES 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Solve ___ ≤ 6 and graph the solutions.

p
■
-3
Solve each inequality and graph the solutions. 24. h < 1
p
_ 28. 3a ≤ 15
≤6 Since p is divided by -3,
-3 29. -18 < 6t -3 -2 -1
multiply both sides by -3. 0 1 2 3
p
-3 · _ ≥ -3 · 6 p
-3 30. _ > 2 25. v < -2
4
p ≥ -18 Change ≤ to ≥.
2
31. _ x ≤ -10
5 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Ó£ £n £x £Ó È Î 32. -3n < -18
26. 4.5 + m ≥ 10; m ≥ 5.5; Tammy
Pizzas cost $5.50 each. What are the possible g must run 5.5 mi or more.
■
33. _ > 6
numbers of pizzas that can be purchased -2
27. 32 + d ≤ 50; d ≤ 18; Rob can
with $30? 34. -2k < 14 spend $18 or less.
Let n represent the number of pizzas that can 1r
35. -3 > _ 28. a ≤ 5
be purchased. 3
number of 36. 27 < -9h
$5.50 times is at most $30. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
pizzas 37. -0.4g > -1
29. t > -3
5.50 · n ≤ 30 38. Notebooks cost $1.39 each. What are the possible
numbers of notebooks that can be purchased
5.50n ≤ 30 with $10? -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
_ _
5.50n
≤
30 Since n is multiplied by 5.50, 39. A senior class is selling lanyards as a fundraiser. 30. p > 8
5.50 5.50 divide both sides by 5.50. The profit for each lanyard is $0.75. Write and
n ≤ 5_5 solve an inequality to determine the number of
11 lanyards the class must sell to make a profit of at 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Only a whole number of pizzas can be least $250.
purchased, so 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 pizzas can be 31. x ≤ -25
purchased.
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15
Study Guide: Review 151
32. n > 6
36. h < -3 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02RV.indd 151
33. g < -12
2/17/11 4:14:46 AM
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
37. g < 2.5 -16 -12 -8 -4 0
34. k > -7
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
38. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5
1
39. 0.75n ≥ 250; n ≥ 333  _   ; they
3 35. r < -9
must sell at least 334 lanyards.
-12 -9 -6 -3 0

Answers
2-4 Solving Two-Step and Multi-Step Inequalities
40. x < 5
EXAMPLES EXERCISES
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
41. t ≥ 6 ■ 18 + 3t > -12 40. 3x + 4 < 19
18 + 3t > -12 Since 18 is added to 3 t, 41. 7 ≤ 2t - 5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 - 18 - 18 subtract 18 from both m+3
−−−−−− −−− 42. _ > -4
3t > -30 sides. 2
42. m > -11 3t
>_ _
-30 Since t is multiplied by 3, 43. 2(x + 5) < 8
3 3 divide both sides by 3.
-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 t > -10 44. -4(2 - 5) > (-3) 2 - h
1x+_
45. _ 4
1 >_
43. x < -1 £Ó £ä n È { Ó ä 5 2 5
■ 3 2 - 5 ≤ 2(1 + x) 46. 0.5(b - 2) ≤ 4

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
3 2 - 5 ≤ 2(1 + x) Simplify the left side using 47. _ 1 >_
1y-_ 2
3 2 3
44. h > -3 9 - 5 ≤ 2(1 + x) order of operations.
48. 6 - 0.2n < 9
4 ≤ 2(1 + x) Distribute 2 on the right
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 4 ≤ 2(1) + 2(x) side. 49. Carl’s Cable Company charges $55 for monthly
service plus $4 for each pay-per-view movie.
1 4 ≤ 2 + 2x Since 2 is added to 2x,
45. x > 1  _    Teleview Cable Company charges $110 per month
2 -2 -2 subtract 2 from both
with no fee for movies. For what number of
−−− −−−−−− sides
2≤ 2x movies is the cost of Carl’s Cable Company less
__1 1__12
0
2
1 2
_ _
2 ≤ 2x
Since x is multiplied by 2,
than the cost of Teleview?
2 2
46. b ≤ 10 divide both sides by 2.
1≤x
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
1
47. y > 3  _   
2
2-5 Solving Inequalities with Variables on Both Sides
3 3 __12 4 4 __12 5
EXAMPLES EXERCISES
48. n > -15
■ Solve b + 16 < 3b and graph the solutions. Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
-20 -15 -10 -5
b + 16 > 3b Subtract b from both sides so 50. 5 + 2m < -3m 51. y ≤ 6 + 4y
0
- b - b that the coefficient of b is
−−−−−− −−− 52. 4c - 7 > 9c + 8 53. -3(2 - q) ≥ 6(q + 1)
49. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 16 > 2b positive.
12, or 13 16_ _
>
2b Since b is multiplied by 2, 54. 2(5 - x) < 3x 55. 3.5t - 1.8 < 1.6t + 3.9
2 2
50. m < -1 divide both sides by 2.
8>b
56. d - 2 < d - 4 57. 2(1 - x) > -2(1 + x)
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä £Ó
58. 4(1 - p) < 4(2 + p) 59. 3w + 1 > 3(w - 1)
51. y ≥ -2 ■ Solve the inequality 3(1 + k) > 4 + 3k. 60. 5(4 - k) < 5k 61. 3(c + 1) > 3c + 5
3 + 3k > 4 + 3k Distribute 3 on the left side.
62. Hanna has a savings account with a balance
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 The same variable term (3k) appears on both of $210 and deposits $16 per month. Faith has
sides. a savings account with a balance of $175 and
52. c < -3
For any number 3k, adding 3 will never result deposits $20 per month. Write and solve an
in a greater number than adding 4. inequality to determine the number of months
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 Hanna’s account balance will be greater than
There are no solutions.
Faith’s account balance.
53. q ≤ -4
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
59. all real numbers
54. x > 2
60. k > 2
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02RV.indd 152 2/17/11 4:14:48 AM
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
55. t < 3
61. no solutions
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 62. 210 + 16m > 175 + 20m;
8.75 > m
56. no solutions
57. all real numbers
1
58. p > -  _   
2
-1 -__1 0 __1 1
2 2
152 Chapter 2
Answers
63. -10 < t < 4
EXAMPLES EXERCISES -10
Solve each compound inequality and graph the Solve each compound inequality and graph the -12 -8 -4 0 4
solutions. solutions.
■ -3 < c + 5 ≤ 11 Since 5 is added to c, subtract 63. -4 < t + 6 < 10 64. -8 < k - 2 ≤ 5 64. -6 < k ≤ 7
-5 -5 -5 5 from each part of the -6 7
−−− −−−− −−− 65. -3 + r > 4 OR r + 1 < -1
-8 < c ≤ 6 inequality.
66. 2 > n + 3 > 5 -8 -4 0 4 8
Graph c > -8
67. 12 ≥ p + 7 > 5
and c ≤ 6. 65. r > 7 OR r < -2
68. 3 < s + 9 OR 1 > s - 4
7
Graph the 69. One day, the high temperature was 84 °F and the
intersection. low temperature was 68 °F. Write a compound -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
£ä n È { Ó ä Ó { È n £ä inequality to represent the day’s temperatures.
66. no solutions
■ -2 + t ≥ 2 OR t + 3 < 1 70. The table shows formulas for the recommended
+2 +2 - 3 - 3 Solve the simple heart rates during exercise for a person who is a 67. -2 < p ≤ 5
−−−−− −−− −−−− −−−
t ≥ 4 OR t < -2 inequalities. years old. Write and solve a compound inequality 5
to determine the heart rate range for a 16-year-
old person. -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
Graph t ≥ 4
and t < -2. Recommended Heart Rate Range 68. all real numbers
Graph the
Lower Limit 0.5 × (220 - a)
union.
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x
Upper Limit 0.9 × (220 - a) 0
69. 68 ≤ t ≤ 84
70. 102 ≤ n ≤ 183.6
2-7 Solving Absolute-Value Inequalities 71. -22 ≤ x ≤ 22
EXAMPLES EXERCISES
-22 -11 0 11 22
■ ⎪x⎥ + 4 < 9 71. ⎪x⎥ - 7 ≤ 15 72. ⎪x + 4⎥ > 8
72. x < -12 OR x > 4
⎪x⎥ + 4 < 9
73. 6⎪x⎥ ≤ 24 74. ⎪x + 9⎥ + 11 < 20
-4 -4 Subtract 4 from both sides. -12 -4 4 12
−−−−− −−
⎪x⎥ < 5 75. 3⎪x⎥ ≥ 9 76. 4⎪2x⎥ < 24
73. -4 ≤ x ≤ 4
x > -5 AND x < 5 Write as a compound
Solve the inequality.
inequality.
77. ⎪x⎥ - 5.4 > 8.5 78. ⎪5.2 + x⎥ < 7.3 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
-7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 79. ⎪x - 7⎥ + 10 ≥ 12 80. 14⎪x⎥ - 15 ≥ 41 74. -18 < x < 0
■ ⎪x - 3⎥ + 7 ≥ 13
-7 -7
−−−−−−− −−
Subtract 7 from both sides. ⎪
81. x - _
2 ⎥
1 +4≤_ 5
2
82. ⎪x + 5.5⎥ - 6.4 ≤ 4.9
-18 -15 -12 -9 -6 -3 0
⎪x - 3⎥ ≥ 6 83. The water depth for a pool is set to 6 ft, but the
x - 3 ≤ -6 OR x - 3 ≥ 6 Solve the two actual depth of the pool may vary by as much as 75. x ≤ -3 OR x ≥ 3
+3 +3 +3 +3 inequalities. 4 in. Write and solve an absolute-value inequality
−−− −− −−−− −−
x ≤ -3 OR x ≥ 9 to find the range of possible water depths in
inches. Graph the solutions. -5 -3 -1 1 3 5
-6 -3 0 3 6 9 76. -3 < x < 3
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
77. x < -13.9 OR x > 13.9

78. -12.5 < x < 2.1
79. x ≤ 5 OR x ≥ 9
80. x ≤ -4 OR x ≥ 4
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02RV.indd 153 81. no solutions
2/17/11 4:14:51 AM
82. -16.8 ≤ x ≤ 5.8

83. ⎜d - 72⎟≤ 4; 68 ≤ d ≤ 76
66 68 70 72 74 76 78

CHAPTER
chapter
2
Organizer Describe the solutions of each inequality in words.
1. -6 ≤ m 2. 3t > 12 3. -x ≥ 2 4. 2 + b ≤ 10
Objective: Assess students’
mastery of concepts and skills Graph each inequality.
in this chapter. 5. b > -3 6. 2.5 < c 7. y ≤ - √�
25 8. 3 - (4 + 7) ≥ h
Write the inequality shown by each graph.

Online Edition {°x
9. d<1 10. p ≥ -4.5
x { Î Ó £ ä £ Ó Î { x x { Î Ó £ ä
Write an inequality for the situation and graph the solutions.

Resources 11. Madison must run a mile in no more than 9 minutes to qualify for the race.
Assessment Resources m ≤ 9 where m is nonnegative
Chapter Tests
12. d - 5 > -7 d > -2 13. f + 4 < -3 f < -7 14. 4.5 ≥ s + 3.2 s ≤ 1.3 15. g + (-2) ≤ 9 g ≤ 11
• Free Response
(Levels A, B, C) 16. Students need at least 75 hours of volunteer service to meet their graduation
requirement. Samir has already completed 48 hours. Write and solve an inequality to
• Multiple Choice
determine how many more hours he needs to complete.
(Levels A, B, C) 48 + h ≥ 75; h ≥ 27; Samir needs at least 27 more hours.
• Performance Assessment Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
k k<6 4 x ≤ -8 x ≤ -10 b > -7 b > -21
Answers 17. -2c ≤ 2 c ≥ -1 18. 3 > _
2
19. _
5
20. _
3
1. all real numbers greater than or 21. Marco needs to buy premium gasoline for his car. Gasoline Prices ($)
equal to -6 He has $20 in his wallet. Write and solve an inequality
to determine how many gallons of gas Marco can buy. Regular Plus Premium
2. all real numbers greater than 4
2.25g ≤ 20; g ≤ 8.89; Marco can buy 8.89 gallons or less. 2.05 2.12 2.25
3. all real numbers less than or
equal to -2 Solve each inequality and graph the solutions.
22. 3x - 8 < 4 x < 4 3 n - 2 4 n ≥ 28 25. 3 - 2a ≤ -15 + (-9)
23. -2(c - 3) > 4 c < 1 24. 5 ≤ _
4. all real numbers less than or
equal to 8
4
a ≥ 13 1 _
Solve each inequality. 2
5.
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 26. 2k - 6 > 3k + 2 k < -8 27. 2(5 - f ) ≤ f + 12 f ≥ -
_2 3 d ≤ -_
28. _ 1d+6 d ≤ 3
6. 3 2 2
2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Solve each compound inequality and graph the solutions.
7.
29. -1 ≤ x - 3 < 3 2 ≤ x < 6 30. t + 7 < 3 OR t - 1 > 4 31. 4 ≤ d - 2 < 5
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 t < -4 OR t > 5 6≤d<7
8. 32. The driving school instructor has asked Lina to stay within 2 miles of the posted
speed limits. The current road has a speed limit of 45 mi/h. Write a compound
-16 -12 -8 -4 0
inequality to show Lina’s acceptable speeds s. 43 ≤ s ≤ 47

33. ⎪x - 3⎥ + 7 < 17 -7 < x < 13 34. 6⎪x⎥ + 4 ≥ 16 35. ⎪x + 12⎥ ≤ 23 -35 ≤ x ≤ 11
x ≤ -2 OR x ≥ 2
11. 19. 30. 5

0 3 6 9 12 -20 -15 -10 -5 0
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02CT.indd 154 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 2/17/11 4:05:07 AM
12. 20.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -28 -21 -14 -7 0 31.
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
13. 22.
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
14. 1.3 23.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
24.
15.
0 14 28 42 56
9 10 11 12 13
17. 25.
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 13 13 __1 14 14 __1 15
2 2
18. 29.
State Resources Online 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8
154 Chapter 2
CHAPTER
chapter
2
x
Organizer
FOCUS ON SAT STUDENT-PRODUCED RESPONSES
Objective: Provide practice for
Ten questions on the SAT require you to enter your answer in a college entrance exams such as the
special grid like the one shown. You do not have to write your
SAT.
answer in the boxes at the top of the grid, but doing this may
help you avoid errors when filling in the grid. The circles must 0 0 0
be filled in correctly for you to receive credit. 1 1 1 1 Online Edition
2 2 2 2
You cannot enter a zero in the first column of the grid. 3 3 3 3
This is to encourage you to give a more accurate answer 4 4 4 4
when you need to round. For example, __ 1
written as a 5 5 5 5
16
decimal is 0.0625. This should be entered in the grid as
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
Resources
.063 instead of 0.06. 8 8 8 8
College Entrance Exam
You may want to time yourself as you take this practice test. 9 9 9 9
Practice
It should take you about 9 minutes to complete.
Questions on the SAT represent the
1. Mailing a standard-sized letter in 2005 by 5. For what integer value of x is 2x – 9 < 5 and following math content areas:
first-class mail cost $0.37 for a letter weighing x – 1 > 4? 6 Number and Operations, 20–25%
1 ounce or less and $0.23 for each additional
ounce. How much did it cost, in dollars, to send Algebra and Functions, 35–40%
a standard-sized letter that weighed 3 ounces? Geometry and Measurement,
0.83 25–30%
6. What is the minimum value of z that satisfies Data Analysis, Statistics, and
the inequality z - 7.3 ≥ 4.1? Probability, 10–15%
q
11.4
2. If p = q - 2 and __3 = 9, what is the value of p? Items on this page focus on:
25 • Number and Operations
• Algebra and Functions
7. To be eligible for financial aid, Alisa must work
at least 15 hours per week in a work-study
3. Give the maximum value of x if program. She wants to spend at least 5 more
12 - 3(x + 1) ≥ __12 (3 - 5). hours studying than working each week. What
_
10 is the minimum number of hours per day
(Monday through Friday) that she must study to
3
meet this goal and be eligible for financial aid?
4
4. Give the minimum value of x if 2x + y ≤ 7x - 9

and y = -3.
_6 8. For all real numbers a and b, define the
5 operation # as follows:
a # b = 2a – b
Given a = 3 and a # b = 1, what is the value of b?
5
College Entrance Exam Practice 155
4. Students who gave an answer less than 7. Students may have difficulty working
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02CP.indd 155
-24 may have substituted -3 for x with two inequalities. Suggest that stu-
2/11/11 4:59:50 PM
1. Students who answered 1.06 may have instead of y. Urge students to read each dents first write the inequality and then
found the cost of 3 additional ounces test item carefully. test several values to determine wheth-
instead of 2 additional ounces. 5. Students who gave an answer other er their answer is reasonable.
2. Students who answered 1 may have than 6 that is between 5 and 7 may 8. Students may have difficulty approach-
incorrectly solved for q and then substi- have solved correctly, but did not ing the problem. Suggest that students
tuted q = 3 into the first equation. remember to give an integer answer. write the given equation and then sub-
3. Students who gave an answer greater 6. Students who gave an answer of 3.2 stitute 1 for the expression on the left
than  __
10
3
    may have forgotten to reverse may have subtracted instead of adding. side and 3 for a on the right side.
the inequality symbol when multiplying
or dividing by a negative number.
College Entrance Exam Practice 155

CHAPTER
chapter
2
Organizer
Short Response: Understand Short Response Scores
Objective: Provide opportunities To answer a short-response question completely, you must show how you solved
to learn and practice common test- the problem and explain your answer. Short response questions are scored using a
taking strategies. 2-point scoring rubric. A sample scoring rubric is provided below.
Online Edition

Short Response An online company offers free shipping
This Test Tackler if the cost of the order is at least $35. Your order currently Scoring Rubric:
focuses on writing totals $26.50. Write an inequality to show how much more
you need to spend to qualify for free shipping. Solve the 2 points: The student
full-credit answers to writes and correctly solves
inequality and explain what your answer means.
short-response test items. Students an inequality, showing
benefit from knowing how their 2-point
p response:
p all work. Student defines
answers will be scored. By seeing the variable, answers the
examples of answers that do not question in a complete
sentence, and provides an
earn full credit, students are
explanation.
reminded that they must pay atten-
tion to all parts of the question to 1 point: The student
receive full credit for an answer. writes and correctly solves
an inequality but does not
show all work, does not
define the variable, or does
not provide an explanation.
1 point: The student writes
and solves an inequality
but gives an incorrect
answer. The student shows
The student wrote and solved an inequality correctly. The student all work and provides an
showed all work and explained the meaning of the solution explanation for the answer.
to the inequality.
0 points: The student gives
1-point
p response:
p no response or provides a
solution without showing
The student gave a correct any work or explanation.
answer, but the inequality symbol
shown in the student’s work is
incorrect. No explanation was given.
0-point
p response:
The student gave an answer that satisfies the
problem but did not show any work or give an
explanation.
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02TT.indd 156 2/17/11 4:15:39 AM
156 Chapter 2
Read short-response test items carefully. If
you are allowed to write in the test booklet,
Sample B Answers
Short Response How do the solutions of
underline or circle the parts of the question that 1. 1; the student did not show how
tell you what your answer must include. Be sure 3s - 10 < 15 - 2s and -34 + 9s ≤ 4s - 9 differ?
he or she got the answer 13.
to explain how you get your answer in complete How are the solutions alike? Include a graph in
sentences. your explanation. 2. The student should explain how
Student’s Answer
he or she got the answer by
Read each sample and answer the questions that
showing each step he or she fol-
follow by using the scoring rubric below. lowed to solve the inequality.
3. 1; the student did not explain
how the graphs and solutions
Scoring Rubric: differ or how they are alike.
2 points: The student demonstrates a 4. The student should explain that
thorough understanding of the concept, the solutions of the two inequali-
correctly answers the question, and provides ties are the same except that
a complete explanation. one includes 5 and the other
1 point: The student correctly answers the
does not.
question but does not show all work or does 5. 1; the student did not show the
not provide an explanation. steps he or she followed to solve
1 point: The student makes minor errors
the equation or the inequality.
resulting in an incorrect solution but shows 6. The student should show each
and explains understanding of the concept. step he or she followed to solve
3. What score should the student’s answer
0 points: The student gives a response receive? Explain your reasoning. the equation and the inequality.
but shows no work or explanation, or the 4. What additional information, if any, should
student gives no response. the student’s answer include in order to
receive full credit?
Sample A Sample C
Short Response Write a real-world situation that Short Response Explain the difference between
can be modeled by the inequality 25s - 75 ≥ 250. the solution of the equation x - 6 = 2x + 9 and
Solve for s and explain how the value of s relates the solutions of the inequality x - 6 < 2x + 9.
to your situation. Student’s Answer
Student’s Answer
L`]]imYlagf`YkYkgdmlagfg^p5%)-$Yf\
9hYafl]jj]flkYZggl`Yll`][gmflq^Yaj l`]af]imYdalq`YkYkgdmlagfg^p 6%)-&L`]
^gj/-&L`]Yjlaklk]ddkàkhYaflaf_k^gj ]imYlagfakljm]gfdqo`]fp]imYdk%)-&
*-]Y[`&A^`]eYc]kYld]Ykl*-(af L`]af]imYdalqakljm]^gjYddnYdm]k_j]Yl]j
hjgâl$`][YfZmqYf]o]Yk]d& l`Yf%)-&

L`]Yjlakl`Yklgk]ddYld]Ykl)+hYaflaf_k& 5. What score should the student’s answer
receive? Explain your reasoning.
1. What score should the student’s answer 6. What additional information, if any, should
receive? Explain your reasoning. the student’s answer include in order to
2. What additional information, if any, should receive full credit?
the student’s answer include in order to
receive full credit?
Test Tackler 157
Answers to Test Items

A. See answer to Problem 2.
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02TT.indd 157 2/17/11 4:15:46 AM
B. See answer to Problem 4.

C. See answer to Problem 6.
Test Tackler 157

CHAPTER
chapter
State Test Practice
2
Organizer
Objective: Provide review CUMULATIVE ASSESSMENT
and practice for this chapter and Multiple Choice 6. Which proportion could be used to determine the
standardized tests. ratio of the areas of these similar rectangles?
1. Which algebraic expression means “5 less than y”?
5-y
Online Edition y-5 4 cm
6 cm
5<y 10 cm
15 cm
5÷y
Resources 2
_
3
Assessment Resources 2. Which expression is equivalent to 5 + 2(x - 5)?
2
_
2x 5
Chapter Cumulative Test
2x + 5 4
_
9
2x - 5
_4
State Test Practice 7x - 35 25
7. For which inequality is -2 a solution?
3. If t + 8 = 2, find the value of 2t.
2x < -4
-12
-2x < 4
-6
-2x > -4
12
-2x < -4
20
8. Which graph shows the solutions of

4. The length of the rectangle is 2(x + 1) -2(1 - x) < 3(x - 2)?
2(x + 1) meters and the perimeter
is 60 meters. What is the length 4
of the rectangle?
12 meters -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
26 meters
28 meters -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
56 meters
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
5. Samantha opened a bank account in June and
deposited some money. She deposited twice
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
that amount in August. At the end of August,
Samantha had less than $600 in her account. 9. Which compound inequality has no solution?
If she made no other withdrawals or deposits, x > 1 OR x < -2
which inequality could be used to determine
the maximum amount Samantha could have x < 1 AND x > -2
deposited in June? x < 1 OR x < -2
2x < 600 x > 1 AND x < -2
2x > 600
3x < 600
3x > 600
Answers
Untitled-3 2 1. A
CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02PP.indd 158 12/30/10
2/17/11 4:10:10
9:19:58 AM
2. H
3. A
4. G
5. C
6. G
7. C
8. G
9. D
10. J
11. A
158 Chapter 2
To check your answer, use a different method to
solve the problem from the one you originally
Short Response Short-Response Rubric
used. If you made a mistake the first time, you 17. Write 2 different inequalities that have the same Items 17–19
are unlikely to make the same mistake when you solution as n > 3 such that
solve the problem a different way.
2 Points = The student’s answer is
a. the first inequality uses the symbol > and
requires addition or subtraction to solve. an accurate and complete execu-
b. the second inequality uses the symbol < and
tion of the task or tasks.
10. Which inequality has the same solutions as p < -2?
requires multiplication or division to solve. 1 Point = The student’s answer
p + 1 < -2
contains attributes of an appropri-
p+4<2 18. Alison has twice as many video games as Kyle. ate response but is flawed.
2p + 1 < -4 Maurice has 5 more video games than Alison. The
total number of video games is less than 40. 0 Points = The student’s answer
3p < -12
a. Write an inequality to represent this situation. contains no attributes of an appro-
11. What is the greatest integer solution of priate response.
5 - 3m > 11? b. Solve the inequality to determine the greatest
number of video games Maurice could have.
0 Justify each step in your solution.
-1 Extended-Response
-2 19. Donna’s Deli delivers lunches for $7 per person Rubric
plus a $35 delivery fee. Larry’s Lunches delivers
-3 Item 20
lunches for $11 per person.
a. Write an expression to represent the cost of 4 Points = The student correctly
Gridded Response
x lunches from Donna’s Deli. Write an expression writes an expression in part a, and
12. The sum of the measures of any two sides of a to represent the cost of ordering x lunches an inequality in part b. The solu-
triangle must be greater than the measure of the from Larry’s Lunches.
third side. What is the greatest possible integer
tion in part c is correct, and the
b. Write an inequality to determine the number student correctly explains what the
value for x?
of lunches for which the cost of Larry’s Lunches
answer means in the context of
is less than the cost of Donna’s Deli.
the problem. The student gives a
c. Solve the inequality and explain what the
answer means. Which restaurant charges less
correct answer to part d.
x
15 for an order of 10 lunches? 3 Points = The student correctly
writes an expression in part a
Extended Response and an inequality in part b. The
12 20. Aleya has two employment opportunities. solution in part c is correct, but
Company A offered her a yearly salary of $31,000. the student does not explain the
Company B offered her a similar position with a
13. After 2 years, the simple interest paid on an meaning of the answer in the con-
yearly salary of $27,000 plus 2.5% commission on
investment of $2500 was $175. What percent was her total sales for the year. text of the problem. The student
the interest rate?
a. Let x represent Aleya’s total sales for the year
gives a correct answer to part d.
14. Amy’s bowling score in her third game was 10

at company B. Write an expression to represent 2 Points = The student answers all
the total income after one year at company B. parts correctly but does not show
points less than her score in the first game and 5
points more than her score in the second game. b. Use your expression from part a to write an any work or explanation; or the
The total points for all three games was no more inequality that could be solved to determine student correctly answers parts
than 275. What is the greatest number of points the amount of sales for which the yearly
income at company A would be greater than
a and b but does not correctly
Amy could have scored in her first game?
that at company B. answer parts c and d.
15. Trevor needs a 93 on his second quiz to have a c. Solve the inequality from part b and explain 1 Point = The student correctly
quiz average of 90. What score did Trevor receive the meaning of the solution in relation to writes an expression in part a
on his first quiz? Aleya’s decision to work for company A or
but does not correctly answer the
company B.
other parts of the problem; or the
16. The radius of a circle can be determined by the d. How much more than the salary at company A
student attempts to answer all
formula r = √ A
__
π . What is the length in meters
would Aleya make after one year at company B
of the radius of a circle that has an area of if her total sales for the year were $200,000? parts of the problem but does not
314 square meters? (Use 3.14 for π.) correctly answer any part.
0 Points = The student does not
answer correctly and does not
attempt all parts of the problem.
Standardized Test Prep 159
Answers c. x < 8.75; Larry’s costs less when

8 lunches or fewer are ordered.
12. J
M CS10_A1_MESE612225_C02PP.indd 159 2/17/11 4:10:24 AM
Donna’s costs less for 10 lunches.
13. A
E1a. 27,000 + 0.025x
14. G
b. 31,000 > 27,000 + 0.025x
S1a. Possible answer: n + 5 > 8
c. x < 160,000; Aleya should work for
b. Possible answer: -2n < -6 company A if her sales will be less
S2a. k + 2k + (2k + 5) < 40 than $160,000.
b. Maurice can have up to 17 videos. d. $1000
S3a. 35 + 7x; 11x
b. 35 + 7x > 11x
Standardized Test Prep 159

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Pacing Guide for 45-Minute Classes Calendar Planner®

Pacing Guide for 90-Minute Classes Calendar Planner®

Assess Before the Chapter

Before Every Lesson

During Every Lesson

After Every Lesson

Before Chapter Testing

Ready to Go On? SE Ready to Go On? Intervention

Before High Stakes Testing

After the Chapter

Before the Lesson Practice the Lesson

Extend Chapter Resources

Technology Highlights for the Teacher

Reaching All Learners 2

All Learners On-Level Learners

Technology Highlights for Reaching All Learners

Assessing Prior Knowledge Lesson Assessment

Technology Highlights for Assessment

A Chapter Test A Chapter Test

C Chapter Test C Chapter Test

Multiple Choice FREE RESPONSE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT

Performance Assessment Teacher Support

of the instructor. Original content Original

Holt McDougal Algebra 1 29 Holt

CS10_A1_MEAR710303_C02MCCT.indd 30 3/26/11 4:20:12 AM CS10_A1_MEAR710303_C02FRT.indd 36 3/26/11 4:19:27 AM

For a Good Cause

Chapter Project Online

Lesson Tutorials Online

Chapter Project Online

Lesson Tutorial Videos are

Solve One-Step Equations

Are You Ready? Intervention, Chapter 2

Are You Ready? 97

Try This Reading

Reading and Writing Math 99

Lesson 2-1 Graphing and Writing Inequalities

Selected Answers in Student Edition

INEQUALITIES Consider the inequality a > b. By the Subtraction

A solution of an algebraic inequality is any value of the

tion set of x < 3 contains every value on the number

The coefficient of x represents the stretching or shrink-

Lessons 2-3 to 2-4

The Addition and Subtraction Properties of Inequality -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5

The solutions of the x -2.75 0 5.99 6 6.01 6.1

The solutions of 3 + x < 9 are numbers less than 6.

CC.9-12.A.REI.3 Solve linear equa- 1 Introduce

represented by letters. Graphing and Writing

State Resources Online THINK AND DISCUSS

All real numbers less x<5

All real numbers greater x > -1 Additional Examples

All real numbers less 1

All real numbers greater x≥0

Graph each inequality.

Lesson 2-1 101

102 Chapter 2 Inequalities

3 Close Answers to Think and Discuss

x 7 5.5 3 1.5 0 2 5 6.5 8

10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 Explorations and answers are provided in

x 4 7 ½ Write the original inequality.

m0 d 4 Both steps check, so x 3 correctly represents the solutions.