Abutment Design For 30m

1.
Preamble : Ref :
Design of Wall Type Abutment with Pile Foundation
2. Design basis :
Codes of Indian Road Congress (IRCs)
IRC 6 - 2017 Code of Practice for Road bridges Load and Stresses
IRC 78 - 2014 Code of Practice for Road bridges Foundation and Sub Structure
IRC 112 - 2011 Code of Practice for Concrete Road bridges
L.H.S/R.H.S
3. Design data : A1 A1
Foundation Bottom Level Level = 0.000 0.000 m
Ground / Scour level = 1.800 1.800 m
Foundation Top Level = 1.800 1.800 m
HFL = 0.158 0.158 m
Abutment Cap Top level = 4.352 3.644 m
Soffit Level = 4.077 3.369 m
Finished Road Level = 7.300 6.592 m
Design is done for Crtical Abutment i.e "A1(LHS)" which can be same adopted for "A1(RHS),A2(LHS&RHS)".
Density of Concrete = 25 kN/m

3
Density of Wearing Coat(Cement Concrete) = 22 kN/m

3
Bulk Density of soil = 20 kN/m

3
Coefficient of Friction of Bearing ( m ) = 0.05

Coefficient of Friction of Sliding ( m ) = 0.5
Angle of Internal Friction of Soil ( f ) = 34 Deg
Fill Slope ( b ) = 0 Deg
Allowable Gross Base Pressure = 300 kN/m
2
4. Dead Load Calculation of Superstructure :

Dimensions of Super Structure
Center to Center of Exp Joint for a span = 30.00 m (Normal Span)
Center to Center of Bearing for a span = 29.00 m
Outer to outer edge of girder span = 29.80 m
Dist between exp joint and c/l of bearing = 0.50 m
Length of End thickning of the girder = 1.50 m
Length of Transition zone of girder = 1.20 m
Distance Between Center of Girder = 3.00 m
Total No of Girder = 6.00 Nos
Web Width of girder = 0.300 m
Total width of Deck Slab = 18.00 m
Deck slab Thickness = 0.22 m
Width of Crash Barrier = 0.50 m
Width of Foot Path = 0.00 m
Wearing Coat Thickness = 0.10 m (0.1m considered in Design)
Skew Angle = 0.00 Degree
GIRDER SECTION IN CENTRAL PORTION
1.250
0.475 0.300 0.475
5 5
0.15
4 4
0.15
1.90 1.150
2 2
0.20
1 1
0.25
0.1625 0.30 0.163
0.625
Girder B H Area No of Total Unit Total Wt Ref :
Nos Length
E.No (m) (m) 2
(M ) Girder Area Wt (kN)
1 2 0.1625 0.250 0.08 6 0.49
2 2 0.1625 0.200 0.03 6 0.20
3 1 0.300 1.900 0.57 6 3.42
4 2 0.475 0.150 0.07 6 0.43
5 2 0.475 0.150 0.14 6 0.86
Single Girder 0.90 24.40 25.0 547.5
Deck Slab 1 18.00 0.220 3.96 1 3.96 24.40 25.0 2415.6
Total 9.35 24.40 25.0 5700.5
GIRDER SECTION AT END
0.313 0.625 0.313
1.66
1.90 1
2 2
0.09
3
0.15
3
1.250
Girder Nos B H Area No of Total Length Unit Total Wt

1 1 1.250 1.900 2.38 6 14.25
2 2 0.313 0.087 0.03 6 0.16
3 2 0.313 0.150 0.09 6 0.56
Single girder 2.50 3.80 25.0 237.11
Deck Slab 1 18.00 0.22 3.96 1 3.96 3.80 25.0 376.20
Total 18.94 3.80 25.0 1798.9
GIRDER IN TRANSITION ZONE

Avg. Area of Midspan Section and at End
Girder
Section 1.70 2.4 25.0 101.80
Deck 3.96 2.4 25.0 237.60
Total 14.14 2.4 25.0 848.4
Dead Load of Cantilever Deck Slab at End

Nos B H Area Nos Area in M
2
Length Unit Total
Cantilver Slab 18.00 0.40 7.20 1 7.20 0.2 25.0 36.0
Dead Load of DIAPHRAGM

Description Nos Length Ht Area Thick. Unit Total Wt
1) At End 2 15.63 1.650 21.6 0.4 25.0 216.1
2) At Span 1 15.63 1.650 20.4 0.4 25.0 204.0
Total 42.0 420.1
SIDL CALCULATIONS TOTAL D.L. 9068
WEARING COAT OVER DECK SLAB
Description Nos Width Depth Area Length Unit Wt
100 mm thk. Coat 1 17.00 0.10 1.70 30.00 22.0 1122.0
Crash Barrier and Kerb Etc

Description Nos Length Depth Area Length Unit Wt
Crash Barrier 2 0.400 30.00 25.0 600
Kerb 0 0.400 30.00 25.0 0
Total 0.80 30.00 25.0 600.0
Hand Rail and Metal beam Crash Barrier
Description Nos Length Area Unit Wt
100 mm MS Dia 1 30.00 0.063 78.5 147.89
W Beam 0 30.00 0.020 0
TOTAL SIDL 1870
Total DL + SIDL 10938
5. Live Load Coalculation of Superstructure : Ref :
Impact factor
Class A Train of vehicle
Impact factor for Class A vehicle = 4.5 Cl.208.2, IRC:6 - 2014
35.0
= 0.000 Considered for Sub & Foundation
Impact factor for 70R vehicle = 0.000 Cl.208.3, IRC:6 - 2014
Table 3 of IRC 6 : 2014
Congestion factor Span Cong Fact
Congestion factor = 1.000 10<S<30 1.15
Reduction in Longitudinal Effect = 1.000 30<S<60 1.15 to 1.60
60<S<70 1.60 to 1.70
70<S 1.7
70R Wheeled Vehicle
Load(kN) Dist(m) Load(kN) Dist(m)

170 0 170 0
0.5 RA 29.0 RB 0.5 170 1.37 170 1.37
170 4.42 170 4.42
FX FR
170 5.79 170 5.79
120 7.92 120 7.92
120 9.44 120 9.44
80 13.4 80 13.4
1000 5.12 1000 5.12
Max Reaction on Abutment ( RA ) = 840.6 kN No. of 70RW on Span 0 (Taken from Staad)
Ecc of Load for most ecc position
18 /2 -0.5 - 1.2 - 2.79/2 = 5.905 m
Ecc of Load for most ecc position 70R+70R
-18 /2 -0.5 - 1.2 - 2.79/2 = -5.905 m
Ecc of Load for 3rd lane position 70R+70R
18 /2 -0.5 -7.25 - 2.79/2 = -0.145 m
Ecc of Load for 70R associated with Class A Ecc
18 /2 -0.5 - 0.15 - 2.3 - 1.2 - 2.79/2 = 3.455 m
Ecc of Load for 70R associated with 2L-Class A Ecc
18 /2 -0.5 - 0.15 - 3.5 -3.5 - 2.79/2 = -0.045 m
Ecc of Load for 70R associated with 4L-Class A Ecc
18 /2 -0.5 - 0.15 - 3.5 -3.5 -3.5 -3.5 - 2.79/2 = -7.045 m
Ecc of Load for 70R associated with 2L-Class A + 70R Ecc
18 /2 -0.5 - 7.25 - 3.5 -3.5 -2.79/2 = -7.145 m
Class A Vehicle

114 0.000 114 0.000
114 1.200 114 1.200
0.5 RA 29.0 RB 0.5 68 5.500 68 5.500
FX FR 68 8.500 68 8.500
68 11.500 68 11.500
68 14.500 68 14.500
500 kN 5.71 500 kN 5.71
Max Reaction on Abutment ( RA ) = 410.1 kN No. of Class-A on Span 0

1st Lane Eccentricity
18 /2 -0.5 - 0 - 0.15 - 2.3/2 = 7.200 m
2nd Lane Eccentricity
18 /2 -0.5 - 0 - 0.15 - 2.3 - 1.2 - 2.3/2 = 3.700 m
3rd Lane Eccentricity
18 /2 -0.5 - 0 - 0.15 - 3.5 - 3.5 - 2.3/2 = 0.200 m
4th Lane Eccentricity
18 /2 -0.5 - 0 - 0.15 - 3.5 - 3.5 - 3.5 - 2.3/2 = -3.300 m
18 /2 -0.5 - 0 - 0.15 - 3.5 - 3.5 - 3.5 -3.5 - 2.3/2 = -6.800 m
0 /2 -0 - - 0.15 - 3.5 - 3.5 - 3.5 -3.5 -3.5 - 2.3/2 = -10.300 m
Ecc of Load for most ecc 3rd lane position (With 70R)
9-0.5-7.25-2.3/2 = 0.100 m
Ecc of Load for most ecc 4th lane position (With 70R)
9-0.5-7.25-2.3-1.2-2.3/2 = -3.400 m
Special Vehicle (SV) Ref :

180 0.000 180 0.000
180 1.500 180 1.500
0.5 RA 29.0 RB 0.5 180 3.000 180 3.000
FX FR 180 4.500 180 4.500
180 6.000 180 6.000
180 7.500 180 7.500
180 9.000 180 9.000
180 10.500 180 10.500
180 12.000 180 12.000
180 13.500 180 13.500
180 15.000 180 15.000
180 16.500 180 16.500
180 18.000 180 18.000
2340 kN 9.00 2340 kN 9.00
Max Reaction on Abutment ( RA ) = 1654.1 kN No. of SV on Span 0

Ecc of Load for most ecc position = 0.3 m
Longitudinal Force
Force on Abutment
(Abutment is Fixed)
DL+SIDL
Details of load LL (At Free
case
(At Free
end)
mRg mR Fh Case I Case II Hor.force
end)
1L70R 5468.9 159 273 8 200 381 -81 381
A + 70RW 5468.9 249 273 12 228 400 -58 400
4L-CL-A 5468.9 360 273 18 277 430 -14 430
2L-CLA + 70RW 5468.9 339 273 17 255 418 -35 418
70RW + 70RW 5468.9 319 273 16 250 414 -39 414
2LA + 2L-70RW 5468.9 499 273 25 305 451 7 451
4L CLA + 70RW 5468.9 519 273 26 311 455 11 455
6L CLA 5468.9 539 273 27 332 467 32 467
SV 5468.9 686 273 34 0.0 308 308 308
Live Load Cases : With Impact, Congestion & Reduction Max Reaction Max Transv Mom Max Long Mom
Factor 2LA + 2L-70RW A + 70RW 2LA + 2L-70RW
Vertical Reaction on Pier = 2501 1251 2501
Diff Vertical Load on Pier 0 0 0
Longitudinal Eccentricity = 0.000 0.000 0.000
Longitudinal Moment = 0 0 0
Transverse Eccentricity = -0.212 4.683 -0.212
Transverse Moment -531 5857 -531.121
Long Horizontal Force = 451 400 451
6. Load Calculation of Substructure and Foundation: Ref :
Finished Road Level 0.000 1.320 0.280

7.300
Abut Cap Top Lvl 0.500 2.948
4.352 0.300
0.000 0.500
0.800 0.000 0.500
1.000
0.4
1.752 1.752
Foundation Base Lvl 0.00 0.000

0.000 1.80 1.800
18.00 2.050 1.000 2.050

5.10
a) Pedestal
No of Pedestal = 6
Length of Pedestal = 0.80 m
Width of Pedestal = 0.80 m
Average Depth of Pedestal = 0.40 m
Weight of Pedestal = 38.4 kN
CG of Abutment Cap from Founding Level = 4.55 m
b) Abutment Cap
Length of Abut Cap in Transv Direction ( Top ) = 18.00 m
Width of Abut Cap in Long Direction ( Top ) = 1.600 m
Length of Abut Cap in Transv Direction ( Bot ) = 18.00 m
Width of Abut Cap in Long Direction ( Bot ) = 1.56 m
Depth of Abut Cap at Tip = 0.50 m
Depth of Abut Cap at Base = 1.00 m
Weight of Abut Cap = 716 kN
CG of Abut Cap from Founding Level = 3.95 m
CG of Abut Cap from Straight Height of cap (Opposite to earth Side) = 0.80 m
ECC of Abut Cap from center of Abutment Base = -0.30 m
c) Dirt Wall
Length of Dirt Wall in Transv Direction = 18.00 m
Width of Dirt Wall in Long Direction = 0.30 m
Heigth of Dirt Wall = 2.95 m
Weight of Dirt Wall = 398 kN
CG of Dirt Wall from Founding Level = 5.83 m
ECC of Dirt Wall from center of Abut Base = -0.67 m
Weight of Abutment Cap including Dirt Wall = 1113 kN
CG of Cap from Founding Level = 4.62 m
ECC of Cap from Center of Abutment Base = -0.43 m
d) Abutment Shaft Submerged Condition to be Considered Yes "1", No, "0" 0.00
Length of Abutment in Transv Direction = 18.00 m
Width of Abutment in Long Direction = 1.00 m
Height of Abutment above HFL = 3.39 m
Height of Abutment below HFL = -1.64 m
Weight of Abutment above HFL = 1527 kN
CG of Abutment Weight above HFL = 1.85 m
Weight of Abutment below HFL = -739 kN
CG of Abutment Weight below HFL = 0.98 m
Total Weight of Abutment Shaft = 788 kN
CG of Abutment Shaft = 2.68 m
e) Abutment Return Wall Submerged Condition to be Considered Yes "1", No, "0" 0.00 Ref :
No of Return Wall = 2
Length of Return Wall in Long Direction = 2.05 m
Width of Return Wall in Transv Direction = 0.40 m
Height of Return Wall above HFL = 5.50 m
Height of Return Wall below HFL = -1.64 m
Weight of Return Wall above HFL = 226 kN
CG of Return Wall Weight above HFL = 2.75 m
Weight of Return Wall below HFL = -67 kN
CG of Return Wall Weight below HFL = -0.82 m
Total Weight of Return Wall = 158 kN
CG of Return Wall = 4.27 m
ecc. of Return Wall from center of Abut Base = -1.53 m
f) Abutment Wing Wall
No of Wing Wall = 0
Length of Wing Wall in Long Direction = 0.00 m
Width of Return Wall in Transv Direction = 0.50 m
Height of Wing Wall at Tip = 0.50 m
Height of Wing Wall at Base = 0.50 m
Weight of Wing Wall Ractangle Portion = 0 kN
CG of Wing Wall Weight above FDN = 7.05 m
ECC of Wing Wall from center of Abut Base = -0.50 m
Weight of Wing Wall Triangular Portion = 0 kN
Total Weight of Wing Wall = 0 kN
g) Foundation Submerged Condition to be Considered Yes "1", No, "0" 0.00
Length of Foundation in Transv Direction ( Top ) = 18.00 m
Width of Foundation in Long Direction ( Top ) = 5.1 m
Length of Foundation in Transv Direction ( Bot ) = 18.00 m
Width of Foundation in Long Direction ( Bot ) = 5.10 m
Depth of Foundation at Tip = 1.80 m
Depth of Foundation at Base = 1.80 m
Weight of Foundation ( Bot Part I ) = 4131 kN
CG of Foundation wrt Abutment Base Center ( Bot Part I ) = 0.00 m
Weight of Foundation ( Toe Part II ) = 0 kN
CG of Foundation wrt Abutment Base Center ( Toe Part II ) = 1.18 m
Weight of Foundation ( Stem Part III ) = 0 kN
CG of Foundation wrt Abutment Base Center ( Stem Part III ) = 0.00 m
Weight of Foundation ( Heel Part IV ) = 0 kN
CG of Foundation wrt Abutment Base Center ( Heel Part IV ) = -1.18 m
Weight of Foundation = 4131 kN
ECC of Foundation from center of Abut Base = 0.00 m
Length of Found Soil in Transv Direction ( Toe ) = 18.00 m
Width of Found Soil in Long Direction ( Toe ) = 2.05 m
Avg Depth of Foundation Soil ( Toe ) = 0.00 m
Weight of Foundation Soil ( Toe ) = 0 kN
CG of Foundation Soil ( Toe ) above FDN = 1.80 m
ECC of Toe Soil from center of Abut Base = 1.53 m
Length of Found Soil in Transv Direction ( Heel ) = 17.20 m
Width of Found Soil in Long Direction ( Heel ) = 2.05 m Part
Avg Depth of Foundation Soil Below HFL ( Heel ) = -1.64 m Below
Weight of Foundation Soil ( Heel ) = -1158 kN HFL on
CG of Foundation Soil ( Heel ) above FDN = 0.98 m Heel Side
ECC of Heel Soil from center of Abut Base = -1.53 m
Length of Found Soil in Transv Direction ( Heel ) = 17.20 m Part
Width of Found Soil in Long Direction ( Heel ) = 2.05 m
Below
Avg Depth of Foundation Soil above HFL ( Heel ) = 3.69 m
Cap &
Weight of Foundation Soil ( Heel ) = 2605 kN
Above
CG of Foundation Soil ( Heel ) above FDN = 2.51 m
ECC of Heel Soil from center of Abut Base HFL
= -1.53 m
Length of Foundation Soil in Transv Direction = 17.20 m
Width of Foundation Soil in Long Direction = 1.73 m
Part
Avg Depth of Foundation Soil = 3.45 m
Behind
Weight of Foundation Soil = 2052 kN
Dirt Wall
CG of Foundation Soil ( Heel ) above FDN = 5.58 m
Total Weight of Foundation Soil = 3499 kN
CG of Foundation Soil above FDN = 4.81 m
Ref :
7. Wind force Calculation :
Basic Wind Speed of the area = 47 m / sec Tab 6 : IRC 6 - 2014
Avg Height of Exposed Surface from GL / WL = 4.440 m Tab 5 : IRC 6 - 2014
Wind Pressure for wind speed 33m/sec = 463.7 N/sqm 10 464 Tab 5 : IRC 6 - 2014
Wind Pressure ( Pz ) = 940.6 N/sqm 4.44 409.4
Gust Factor ( G ) = 2 15 513 Cl 209.3.3 of IRC 6 - 2014
Width of the Bridge = 18.0
Width to Depth Ratio of the Bridge = 6.2
Drag Coefficient ( CD ) = 2.0 Cl 209.3.3 of IRC 6 - 2014
Lift Coefficient ( CL ) = 0.75 Cl 209.3.3 of IRC 6 - 2014
a) Wind Calculation for Superstructure
Height of Crash Barrier = 0.80 m
Depth of Superstructure = 2.12 m
Depth of obstruction ( LHS ) = 2.92 m
Effective Area of obstruction ( A1 ) = 43.8 sqm
CG of obstruction = 6.6 m
Effective Area in Plan ( A3 ) = 270.0 sqm
Transv Wind Force ( FT = PZ x A1 x G x CD ) = 160.7 kN
Long Wind Force ( FL = 0.25FT ) = 20.1 kN Abutment is long.Fixed
Vertical Wind Force ( FV = PZ x A3 x G x CL ) = 380.9 kN
b) Wind Calculation for Live Load Class A load placed centrally at top
Length of LL on LHS = 20.0 m considered for worst case
Height of obstruction = 3.0 m Cl 209.3.6 of IRC 6 - 2014
Area of obstruction( A1 ) = 60.0 sqm
Drag Coefficient for Pier ( CD ) = 1.2
Total Transv Wind Force = 135.4 kN
Transv Wind Force on Abutment = 92.3 sqm
Long Wind Force on Abutment = 23.1 kN
CG of wind force = 8.8 m
10
0.50 29.8 0.50
d) Summary of Wind Loads Vertical Wind Up "-1", Dwn "1", No, "0" 1.00
Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.)

Description Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T
kN kN-m kN-m kN m kN-m kN m kN-m
1 Wind Load ( WL ) at Foundation Base 380.9 0.0 0.0 43.2 4.9 209.4 252.9 7.4 1878.8
1 Wind Load ( WL ) at Curtailment 380.9 0.0 0.0 43.2 1.4 58.3 252.9 3.9 993.5
8. Earth Pressure Calculation : Ref :
Seismic Effect to be considered ( Yes - 1, No - 0 ) = 1
Seismic Zone Factor ( Z ) = 0.36
Coefficient of Friction ( m ) = 0.05
Angle of Internal Friction of Soil ( f ) = 34 Deg
Fill Slope ( b ) = 0 Deg
Vertical Angle of Earth Face Wall ( a ) = 0.00 Deg
Angle of Friction between Wall and Earth Fill ( d ) = 22.5 Deg
Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure Non Seismic = 0.254
2 2
cos (f-a)/cos a cos(d+a) = 0.744
sin(f+d) sin(f-b)/cos(a-b) cos(d+a) = 0.505
Horiz Comp of Active Earth Pressure Kah = Ka Cos ( d+a ) = 0.235
Coefficient of Dynamic Earth Pressure Seismic Condition = 0.405
Horiz Comp of Active Earth Pressure Cah = Ca Cos ( d+a ) = 0.374
Horizontal Seismic Coefficient ( Ah = Z/2 ) = 0.180
Vertical Seismic Coefficient ( Av = Ah/2 ) = 0.090
-1
l = tan [ Ah / ( 1+Av )] = 9.377
-1
l = tan [ Ah / ( 1-Av )] = 11.189
2 2 = 1.000
cos (f-l-a)/cos l cos a cos(d+a+l)
= 1.061
= 0.409
sin(f+a) sin(f-b-l)/cos(a-b) cos(d+a+l)
= 0.389
LL Surcharge to be considered ( Yes - 1, No - 0 ) = 1 Curtailment Point 3.5 Above Foundation Base

Foundation Base Stem Base Curtailment Point
Unit
Normal Seismic Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Height of Abutment = 7.30 7.30 5.5 5.50 1.9999 2.00 m
Width of Abutment = 18.64 18.64 18.64 18.64 18.64 18.64 m
Earth Pressure at Respective Level Normal = 34 55 26 41 9 15 kN/m
2
Total Earth Pressure Force at Resp Level Normal = 2334 3720 1325 2112 175 279 kN
CG of Earth Pressure Force above Resp Level = 3.07 3.07 2.31 2.31 0.84 0.84 m
LL Surcharge Pressure = 5.64 8.99 5.64 8.99 5.64 8.99 kN/sqm
LL Surcharge Force = 767 1223 578 922 210 335 kN
CG of LL Surcharge Force above Resp level = 3.650 3.650 2.750 2.750 1.000 1.000 m
Return Wall
Height of Abutment = 0.0 0.0 m
Width of Abutment = 2.05 2.05 m
Earth Pressure at Respective Level above HFL = 0 0 kN/m
2
Earth Pressure at Respective Level Below HFL = 0 0 kN/m

2
Total Earth Pressure Force at Resp Level Normal = 0 0 kN

CG of Earth Pressure Force above Resp Level = 0.00 0.00 m
LL Surcharge Pressure = 5.64 5.64 kN/sqm
LL Surcharge Force = 0 0 kN
CG of LL Surcharge Force above Resp level = 0.00 0.00 m
Additional Earth Pressure Due to Median wall Normal Seismic
Height of Median wall = 2.55 2.55 m
Width of Median wall = 1.500 1.500 m
Earth Pressure at Respective Level Normal = 12 19 kN/m
2
Total Earth Pressure Force at Resp Level Normal = 23 23 kN

CG of Earth Pressure Force above Resp Level = 1.07 1.07 m
Longitudinal moment = 24.60 24.60 kN-m
Summary of Earth Pressure Earth Pressure to be Considered Yes "1", No, "0" 1.00 Ref :
At Foundation Base Reduction
1.00
Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) in H-L
1 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 2334.0 3.1 7156 0.0 3.1 0
2 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 767.3 3.7 2801 0.0 3.7 0
3 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 2334.0 3.1 7156 0.0 3.1 0
4 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 767.3 3.7 2801 0.0 3.7 0
At Abutment Stem Base

1 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 1324.8 2.3 3060 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 578.1 2.7 1590 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 1324.8 2.3 3060 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 578.1 2.7 1590 0.0 0.0 0.0
At Abutment Stem Curtailment Point

1 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 175.2 0.8 147 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 210.2 1.0 210 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 175.2 0.8 147 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 210.2 1.0 210 0.0 0.0 0.0
At Return Wall
1 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0.00 0
2 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0.00 0
3 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0.00 0
4 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0.00 0
9. Seismic force Calculation :

a) Seismic Transverse Calculation Of Time Period :-
Seismic zone of the area = V F= 1227230 (Annex D of IRC
Seismic zone Factor ( Z ) = 0.360 E= 32 Gpa 6:2014)
4
Importance Factor ( I ) = 1.200 I t= 3.6E+14 mm
Avg Response accn Coeffient (Sa/g) = 2.500 L (CG of Superstructure) = 4426 mm
F
Hor Seismic Coeffient [ Ah = (Z/2)xIx(Sa/g) ] = 0.540 X (Pier cap top) = 2277 mm
Seismic Response Reduction Factor ( R ) = 1.000 D (Appropriate Loads) = 5969 kN
Hor Seis Force Coeff [ Fh = Ah /R ] = 0.540 T (Time period) 0.00 Sec d
Than Say,Hor Seis Force Coeff [ Fh = Ah /R ] = 0.540
Ver Seis Force Coeff [ 2 Fh / 3 ] = 0.360 Type of Soil Medium
b) Seismic Longitudinal Sa/g (Transverse) = 2.500
4
Avg Response accn Coeffient (Sa/g) = 2.500 IL = 1.1E+12 mm
Seismic Response Reduction Factor ( R ) = 2.500 D (Appropriate Loads) = 10938 kN
Importance Factor ( I ) = 1.200 F= 9149 kN
Point Of Fixity
Hor Seis Force Coeff [ Fh = Ah /R ] = 0.216 T (Time period) 0.07 Sec
Than Say,Hor Seis Force Coeff [ Fh = Ah /R ] = 0.216
Ver Seis Force Coeff [ 2 Fh / 3 ] = 0.144 Sa/g (Longitudinal) = 2.500
c) Summary of Seismic Loads at Pile Cap Vertical Seismic Up "-1", Dwn "1", No, "0" 1.00
Considered fixed Bearing on LHS and Longitudinal Moment wrt center of Abutment Base 1.00
1 Dead Load ( DL ) 1632 0 0 1959 5 9503 2448 5 12610
2 Dead Load ( SIDL ) 337 0 0 404 5 1960 505 8 3938
3 Pedestal ( PD ) 14 0 0 8 5 38 21 5 94
4 Abutment Cap ( AC ) 401 -172 0 155 5 714 386 5 1786
5 Abutment Shaft ( AS ) 284 0 0 170 3 456 426 3 1139
6 Abutment Return Wal ( AR ) 57 -87 0 34 4 146 85 4 365
7 Abutment Wing Wal ( AW ) 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 7 0
8 Earth on Heel ( EH ) 1468 -2807 0 881 5 4238 2202 5 10594
9 Live Load ( LL1 ) 180 0 0 0 0 0 270 9 2296
10 Live Load ( LL2 ) 90 0 0 0 0 0 135 9 1148
11 Live Load ( LL3 ) 180 0 0 0 0 0 270 9 2296
Ref :
10. Summary of Normal Loads and other Loads at Pile Cap Base: Braking 1.00
Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Center of Abutment Base Wind 1.00
1 Dead Load ( DL ) 4534 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Dead Load ( SIDL ) 935 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 Pedestal ( PD ) 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Abutment Cap ( AC ) 1113 -478 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 Earth on Heel ( EH ) 3499 -6690 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 Earth on Toe ( ET ) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 Live Load ( LL1 ) 2501 0 -531 451 5 2187 0 0 0
11 Live Load ( LL2 ) 1251 0 5857 400 5 1940 0 0 0
12 Live Load ( LL3 ) 2501 0 -531 451 5 2187 0 0 0
13 Foundation ( FDN ) 4131 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14 Wind Load ( WL ) 381 0 0 43 5 209 253 7 1879
15 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) 0 0 0 2357 3.07 7181 0 3.07 0
16 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0 0 0 767 3.65 2801 0 3.65 0
17 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) 0 0 0 2357 3.07 7181 0 3.07 0
18 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) 0 0 0 767 3.65 2801 0 3.65 0
19 Earth Pressure Normal ( EP ) (Return Wall)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0
20 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) (Return Wall)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0
21 Earth Pressure Seismic ( EP ) (Return Wall)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0
22 LL Surcharge Seismic ( LLS ) (Return wall)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0
11. Summary of Loads for Pile Capcity Check: Ref :
Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 LL 1.00 EP 1.00

LL as Leading Load WL 0.00 LLS 1.00
Load Factors in Seismic Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 LL 0.20 EP 1.00
Seismic Force as Leading Load WL 0.00 LLS 1.00 SE 1.00
Load Factors in Wind Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 LL 1.00 EP 1.00
Wind Load as Leading Load WL 1.00 LLS 1.00
Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) Result Mom
Load Combinations Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T
kN kN-m kN-m kN m kN-m kN m kN-m kN-m kN-m
Normal Load Combinations
Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+LL1+EP+LLS ) 17699 -7409 -531 3575 12169 0 0 4759 -531
Comb 2 ( DL+SIDL+LL2+EP+LLS ) 16448 -7409 5857 3524 11921 0 0 4512 5857
Comb 3 ( DL+SIDL+LL3+EP+LLS ) 17699 -7409 -531 3575 12169 0 0 4759 -531
Long Seismic Load Combinations ( Rl + 0.3Rt + 0.3Rv )
Comb 4 ( DL+SIDL+LL1+EP+SL+LLS ) 17410 -8651 -106 8089 33442 2482 12549 24791 12443
Comb 5 ( DL+SIDL+LL2+EP+SL+LLS ) 17153 -8651 1171 8079 33393 2471 12456 24742 13627
Transv Seismic Load Combinations ( 0.3Rl + Rt + 0.3Rv )
Comb 8 ( DL+SIDL+LL2+EP+SL+LLS ) 17153 -8651 1171 4667 17276 8236 41520 8625 42691
Wind Load Combinations
Comb 10 ( DL+SIDL+LL1+EP+WL+LLS )18080 -7409 -531 3618 12378 253 1879 4969 1348
Comb 11 ( DL+SIDL+LL2+EP+WL+LLS )16829 -7409 5857 3567 12130 253 1879 4721 7736
12. Summary of Loads for Strength Check of Pile Cap:

LL as Leading Load WL 0.90 LLS 1.20

Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+LL1+EP+WL+LLS ) 24985 -10003 -797 5171 17601 228 1691 7599 894
Comb 2 ( DL+SIDL+LL2+EP+WL+LLS ) 23109 -10003 8785 5095 17230 228 1691 7227 10476
Long Seismic Load Combinations ( Rl + 0.3Rt + 0.3Rv ) [ Seismic Force Multiplied by 1.35 for Foundation ]
Transv Seismic Load Combinations ( 0.3Rl + Rt + 0.3Rv ) [ Seismic Force Multiplied by 1.35 for Foundation ]
13. Summary of Loads for Stress Check of Pile Cap: Ref :

Live Load as Leading Load WL 0.60 LLS 0.80

14. Summary of Loads for Crack Width Check of Pile Cap:
Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 EP 1.00

Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+EP ) 15384 -7409 0 2357 7181 0 0 -229 0
15. Summary of Seismic Loads at Abutment BaseVertical Seismic Up "-1", Dwn "1", No, "0" 1.00
Considered fixed Bearing on LHS
1 Dead Load ( DL ) 1632 0 0 1959 3 5978 2448 3 8202
2 Dead Load ( SIDL ) 337 0 0 404 3 1233 505 6 3029
3 Pedestal ( PD ) 14 0 0 8 3 23 21 3 57
4 Abutment Cap ( AC ) 401 -172 0 155 3 436 386 3 1090.2
8 Live Load ( LL1 ) 180 0 0 0 0 0 270 7 1810
Curtai ment
lment Base
ment Abut
9 Live Load ( LL2 ) 90 0 0 0 0 0 135 7 905
10 Live Load ( LL3 ) 180 0 0 0 0 0 270 7 1810
8 Live Load ( LL1 ) 180 0 0 0 0 0 270 5 1351
Point
Abut
9 Live Load ( LL2 ) 90 0 0 0 0 0 135 5 675
10 Live Load ( LL3 ) 180 0 0 0 0 0 270 5 1351
16. Summary of Normal Loads and other Loads at Abutment Base: Ref :

1 Dead Load ( DL ) 4534 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
2 Dead Load ( SIDL ) 935 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
3 Pedestal ( PD ) 38 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
4 Abutment Cap ( AC ) 1113 -478 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
5 Abutment Shaft ( AS ) 788 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
6 Abutment Return Wal ( AR ) 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
7 Abutment Wing Wal ( AW ) 0 0 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0
8 Live Load ( LL1 ) 2501 0 -531 451 3.05 1376 0 0.00 0
Abutme
nt Base
9 Live Load ( LL2 ) 1251 0 5857 400 3.05 1220 0 0.00 0
10 Live Load ( LL3 ) 2501 0 -531 451 3.05 1376 0 0.00 0
11 Wind Load ( WL ) 381 0 0 43 3.05 132 253 6 1424
12 Live Load ( LL1 ) 2501 0 -531 451 1.35 610 0 0 0
Curtailm
Abutme
13 Live Load ( LL2 )
Point
1251 0 5857 400 1.35 540 0 0 0
ent
nt
14 Live Load ( LL3 ) 2501 0 -531 451 1.35 610 0 0 0
15 Wind Load ( WL ) 381 0 0 43 1.35 58 253 3.93 994
Abutme
nt Base
17 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS ) 0 0 0 578 2.75 1590 0 0.00 0
Curtailm
Abutme
21 LL Surcharge Normal ( LLS )
Point
0 0 0 210 1.00 210 0 0.00 0
ent
nt
17. Summary of Loads for Strength Check at Abutment:

Earth Pressure as Leading Load WL 0.90 LLS 1.20
Load at Abutment Base

Load at Curtailment Point Ref :
18. Summary of Loads for Stress Check at Abutment Base:

Live Load as Leading Load WL 0.60 LLS 0.80

Load Combinations at Abutment
Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T
Base

Load Combinations at Curtailment Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T
19. Summary of Loads for Crack Width Check at Abutment Base:
Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 EP 1.00

Load Combinations at Abutment
Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T
Base
Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+EP ) 7596 -478 0 1325 0 3060 0 0 0 2583 0

Load Combinations at Curtailment Axial V M-L M-T H-L L.A. M-L H-T L.A. M-T M-L M-T
Comb 1 ( DL+SIDL+EP ) 7596 -478 0 175 0 147 0 6 0 -331 0
1. Preamble
As per cl:7.6.4.1 of IRC:112-2011 Retaining walls,wing walls and abutments where axial load is less than
0.1*fcd*Ac may be designed as bending elements,neglecting axial load.
Thickness of abutment base = 1.0 m
Total width of abutment = 18.64 m
2
Area,Ac = 18.64 m
So,0.1*fcd*Ac = 29145 kN
Max Axial Load = 14471 kN
Design as bending element,neglecting axial load.
2.0 Design Data
Thickness of stem at Top tt = 1.00 m
Thickness of stem at Bottom tb = 1.00 m
Total Height of stem h = 2.75 m
Width of stem b = 18.64 m
Clear Cover to Reinforcement c = 50 mm
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete fck = 35 N/mm
2
Characteristic yield strength of steel fyk = 500 N/mm

2
Mean value of axial tensile strength of concrete fctm = 0.259 * fck ^(2/3)
(IRC:112-2011, A-2) = 2.77 N / mm
2
Design compressive strength of concrete fcd = 15.63 N / mm

2
Material Safety Factor for Steel ϒs = 1.15

2
Design yield strength of steel fyd = 435 N / mm
3.0 Design for Flexure Abutment Cap

Moment at base of Abutment Stem ML = 19594 kN m
Vertical Reinforcement at Inner Face of Stem Abutment Wall

Assume reinforcement Diameter = 20 + 20 mm
Spacing = 180 180 mm
deff prov = 928 mm
b = 18643 mm
2
Ast, Inner = 65076 mm Foundation
xu / d = ( 0.87 fy Ast )
( 0.36 fck b d )
( xu / d )prov = 0.13
( xu / d )lim = 0.46
Status = 1.00 Under Reinforced
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d * (1- ( Ast fy ) / ( b d fck ))
Mu = 26269 kN m OK
Usage = 75%
Vertical Reinforcement at Outer Face of Stem
NOTE - Provide Minimum Reinforcement at outer face of Stem
Ast, outer = 0.0012 * Ac ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.1(3))

= 0.0012×18643×1.000×1000
= 22372 mm2
Provide, 12 mm dia at 90 mm c/c at outer face of Stem
Ast, outer = 23427 mm2 OK
Check for Total Minimum and Maximum Vertical Reinforcement ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.1(2))
Ast, min = 0.0024 * Ac

= 0.0024×18643×1.000×1000
= 44743 mm2 OK
Ast, max = 0.04 * Ac

= 0.04×18643×1.000×1000
= 745720 mm2 OK
Ast (%) = 0.47%
Horizontal Reinforcement on Either Face ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.2 )
A st, horz = 25% of Total Vertical Ast OR 0.001 * Ac

= 22126 mm
2 OR 18643 mm2
= 22126 mm
2
Provide, 12 mm dia at 180 mm c/c at either face
Ast, horz = 23427 mm2 OK
Check for Transverse Reinforcement ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.3 )

Ast, provd = 88504 mm2
0.02 * Ac = 372860 mm2 > Ast, provd
Transverse links are Not Required
4.0 Design for Shear
Effective depth longitudinal dL eff = 928 mm
Width bw = 18643 mm
Design shear force,
VRd s = VNS = VEd = 7301 kN
0
Maximum Allowabe Shear Force ( for maximum shear force take Ɵ = 45 )
VRd.max = αcw x bw x z x v1 x (fcd/(cotƟ+tanƟ)) ( IRC:112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.3.2, Eq10.8)
where,
αcw = 1
z = lever arm = 0.90d (For RCC)
v1 is the strength reduction factor for concrete cracked in shear
v1 = 0.53 ( IRC:112-2011, Eq10.6 )
Ɵ= 21.8 (CotƟ = 2.5)
fcd is the design value of concrete compression strength =α cc x fck /ɣm ( IRC: 112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.1 )
αcc = 0.67 (Refer IRC:112-2011, Pg.87)
ɣm = 1.50 (Partial factors for concrete for ULS)
fcd = (αccxfck)/ɣm
= 15.6 N/mm
2
VRd.max = 44674 kN Section is OK
Allowable Shear Force without Shear Reinforcement

0.33
VRd c = ( 0.12 x K (80 x ρ1 x fck ) + 0.15 x σcp) bw x d ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no.10.3.2(2))
But, VRd.c min = (vmin + 0.15 x σcp) bw x d
where, K= 1+sqrt(200/d) <=2, where d is the depth in mm.

VRd c = The design shear resistance of the member without shear reinforcement.
vmin = 3/2
0.031 x K^ x fck^
1/2
σcp = Concrete compressive stress at the centroidal axis due to axial loading or prestressing.
ρ1 = Reinforcement ratio for longitudinal reinforcement , = Ast / (bw x d) <=0.02
K = 1.5
ρ1 = 0.0038
σcp = 0.0
VRd c min = 5622 kN
VRd c = 6611 kN
Shear Reinforcement is Required
Shear reinforcement area Dia Legs Spacing Area

10 100 200 7854 mm
2
Design yield strength of Shear Reinf ( fywd = 0.8 fywk, fywk = fyk/gs ) 348 MPa
Applied shear stress = V / 0.9bd = 0.47 MPa
Max allowable shear stress 0.225 v fck = 4.19 MPa OK
Limit of applied shear VED <=0.5bw d v f = 71979 > 7301 kN OK
Steel Shear capacity VRd.s = ( Asw / s ) z fywd cot q = 28522 kN
Status = OK
5.0 Check for Stresses and Crack Width
A) Properties of Abutment Stem
Width of Abutment Stem B = 18643 mm
Depth of Abutment Stem DS = 1000 mm
Diameter of Tensile Reinforcement f = 20 mm
CG of section from Inner face Yinner = 500 mm
CG of section from Outer face Youter = 500 mm
Area of Steel Provided Ast, prov = 65076 mm2
Effective Depth at Stem bottom deff = 928 mm
Distance of N.A. from Outer face Xu = (0.87 fy * Ast) / (0.36 fck * b)
= 121 mm
Modulus of elasticity for steel Es = 2E+05 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity for concrete Ecm = 3.2E+04 N/mm2
Long term Modular ratio (IRC:21-2000, cl. no. A.1) m = Es / ( 0.5 * Ec )
= 12.50
Properties of Gross Section Values Unit

Gross Area, Agr 1.86E+07 mm
2
Gross Moment of Inertia, Igr 1.55E+12 mm

4
Inner face
Properties of Uncracked Section b
YT out = ( b * D * D/2 ) + ( ( m - 1 ) * Ast * d )
( b * D ) + (( m - 1 ) * Ast ) (d - YT out) Ast d D
YT inn = D - YT out YT out

YsT = d - YT out Outer face
IT = 3 2
( b * D /12 + b * D * ( D/2 - YT out ) ) + (( m - 1 ) * Ast * ( d - YT out) )
2
Properties of Uncracked Transformed Section Values Unit

CG of Uncracked section from outer face,YT out 517 mm
CG of Uncracked section from Inner face,YT inn 483 mm
CG of Uncracked section from steel,YsT 411 mm
Uncracked Moment of Inertia, IT 1.69E+12 mm
4
Inner face
Properties of Cracked Section b
2
b * Y out Cr / 2 = m * Ast * ( d - Yout Cr ) (d - Yout Cr) Ast d
2
18643 *Y out Cr /2 = 12.50 * 65076 * (928 - Yout Cr )
Yout Cr
2
9321.5 Y out Cr + 813454 Yout Cr - 7.5E+08 = 0 Outer face
Yout Cr = 244 mm
Properties of Cracked Transformed Section Values Unit

CG of Cracked section from Outer face,Yout Cr 244 mm
CG of Cracked section from Inner face,Yinn Cr 756 mm
CG of Cracked section from steel,YsCr 684 mm
Cracked Moment of Inertia, Icr 4.71E+11 mm
4
B) Calculation of Stresses for Abutment Stem

Permissible compressive stress in concrete = 0.48 x fck (IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 12.2.1)
= 16.8 N/mm2
Permissible Tensile stress in steel = 0.8 x fy (IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 12.2.2)

= 400 N/mm2
Bending Moment at bottom of Stem ( Rare Combination )
M Rare = 5309 kN m
Stresses under Rare Combination
Comp stress in concrete at outer face, fcc = ( M / I )* Yout
2
= 1.63 N/mm OK
Tensile stress in concrete at steel level, fct, steel = (M / I )* Ys

2
= 1.30 N/mm
Tensile stress in steel, fst = m x [(M / I )* Ys ]

= 16.20 Mpa OK
C) Calculation of Crack Width for Abutment Stem
Permissible compressive stress in concrete = 0.36 x fck (IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 12.2.1)
2
= 12.6 N/mm
Bending Moment at bottom of Stem ( Quasi-permanent Combination )

Mquasi = 2583 kN m
Cracking Moment of the Section, Mcr = Igr * fctm / Yb

= 8611 kN m
Mcr > Mquasi
Section is Uncracked. Hence, Crack Width Calculation is Not Required
Comp stress in concrete at outer face, fcc = ( M / I )* Yout

2
= 0.79 N/mm OK
Tensile stress in concrete at steel level, fct, steel = (M / I )* Ys

2
= 0.63 N/mm UNCRACKED
Minimum Reinforcement for Crack control
As min = kc * k * fct,eff * Act (Refer IRC:112-2011, Cl 12.3.3)
ss
Where,
As min = Minimum area of reinforcing steel within the tensile zone
Act = Area of concrete within tensile zone
ss = Maximum stress permitted in the reinforcement immediately after formation of the crack
fct,eff = Mean value of tensile strength of the concrete = fctm
k= Coefficient which allows for the effect of non-uniform self equilibrium stresses
kc = Coefficient which takes account of stress distribution within the section just prior to cracking
kc = 0.4 x [ 1 - sc /( k1 x ( h/h* ) x fct,eff )]
Act = b * Yinner = 18643 x 483
= 9.01E+06 mm2
ss = 240 N / mm2 ( IRC:112-2011, Table 12.2)
fct,eff = 0.259 * fck ^(2/3) ( IRC:112-2011, A2-2 )
2.77 N / mm
2
k = 0.65
kc = 0.4
As min = 27061 mm
2
Ast, provd = 65076 mm

2 OK
Calculation of Crack Width

Wk = Sr max ( esm - ecm ) ( IRC:112-2011, Cl 12.3.4)
Where,
Wk = Crack width
Sr max = Maximum crack spacing ( IRC:112-2011, Eq. 12.8, 12.11 or 12.12 )
Sr max = 3.4c + ( 0.425 * k1 * k2 * f / rp,eff )
f= Diameter of Main steel
c= Clear cover to lonfitudnal reinforcement
c = 50 mm
k1 = 0.8 for deformed bars
k2 = 0.5 for bending
f = 20 mm
esm = Mean strain in the reinforcement
ecm = Mean strain in the concrete between cracks
Now, esm - ecm =ssc - ( kt * fct,eff / rp,eff ) ( 1 + ae * rp,eff ) >= 0.6 ssc / Es
Es
Where, ssc = Stress in the tension reinforcement assuming a cracked section
ae = Es / Ecm
rp,eff = As / Ac,eff
Ac,eff = Effective area of concrete in tension surrounding the reinforcement = b w * hc,eff
hc,eff is the lesser of = 2.5 ( D - d )
= ( D - x )/ 3
= D/2
kt = Factor dependent on duration of load
hc,eff = 180 mm
Ac,eff = 3.36E+06 mm2
rp,eff = 0.01939
kt = 0.5
ssc = 8 N / mm
2
fct,eff = 2.77 N / mm
2
ae = 6.25
esm - ecm = 0.00002
Sr max = 345.3 mm OK
Wk = 0.008 mm < 0.3 mm ( IRC:112-2011, Table 12.1 )
1.0 Check for Ductile Detailing
Dimension of pier in longitudinal direction, B = 1000 mm
Dimension of pier in transverse direction, D = 18000 mm
Length of Pier, L = 2752 mm
Clear Cover to reinforcement, c = 50 mm
2
Grade of concrete , fck = 35 N/mm
2
Design Grade of concrete , fcd = 15.6 N/mm
Grade of Longitudinal Reinforcement, fys = 500 N/mm2
Grade of Stirrup Reinforcement, fyt = 500 N/mm2
Design Yield Strength of Stirrup Reinforcement, fytd = 435 N/mm2
Effective depth longitudinal, dx = 928 mm
Effective depth transverse, dz = 17900 mm
Depth of Pier, (dx + dy)/2, d = 9414 mm
Percentage of steel provided, rL = 0.47%
Maximum axial force for seismic Case: VEd = 12608 KN
Normalised axial force for seismic case,nk = 0.02 < 0.08
Confining reinforcement is not needed =
Diameter of Longitudinal bar, Ø = 20 mm
Diameter of Stirrups, Øs = 12 mm
Max Spacing of hoops or ties in longitudinal direction, SL,max = 125 mm
(As per Cl. 17.2.1.3 - IRC-112-2011,SL £ 5 times dia of smallest longitudinal
Provided Spacing of hoops or ties in longitudinal direction, SL = 100 mm
OK
Confining Reinforcement in Longitudinal Direction : =
1.0 Design of Return Wall (Supported on Adjacent Sides)
1.1 INPUTS
Depth of Return Wall = 0.40 m
ka = 0.235
2
g = 2.000 t/m
Live load Surcharge = 1.2 m
RECTANGULAR PART
a = 2.050
b = 5.500
Q1=ka*g*SHt Q2=ka*g*b
The end return wall has been designed as a plate fixed on its two faces i.e. at the base and on one of its vertical sides.
Height Length Uniform load due to live load surcharge over entire plate
S.NO. of return of return "a/b" Q1 (at x=a & z=0) Mb1 (at x=0 & z=0.8b) Ma1 (t-
b1 b2 g1 g2
wall (m) wall (m) (t/m )
2
(t-m/m) m/m)
1 5.50 2.05 0.373 0.564 0.350 0.394 0.669 0.410 -0.99 -1.12
Varying load due to earth pressure over entire plate

"a/b" Q2 (at x=a & z=0) Mb2 (at x=0 & z=0.4b) Ma2 (t-
b1 b2 g1 g2
(t/m )
2
(t-m/m) m/m)
0.373 2.584 0.211 0.147 0.419 0.204 -2.74 -1.91
(at x=a & z=0) Mb1 Ultimate Limit State Basic SLS Rare SLS Quasi-Permanent
(t-m/m) Factor Force Momen Factor Force Moment Factor Force Momen
Live Load Surcharge 1.20 0.677 1.194 0.80 0.451 0.796 0.00 0.000 0.000
Active Earth Pressure 1.50 3.876 4.12 1.00 2.584 2.74 1.00 2.584 2.74
Total 5 5 3 4 3 3
(at x=0 & z=0.4b) Ma1 Ultimate Limit State Basic SLS Rare SLS Quasi-Permanent
(t-m/m) Factor Force Momen Factor Force Moment Factor Force Momen
Live Load Surcharge 1.20 0.677 1.345 0.80 0.451 0.896 0.00 0.000 0.000
Active Earth Pressure 1.50 3.876 2.87 1.00 2.584 1.91 1.00 2.584 1.91
Total 5 4 3 3 3 2
2.0 DESIGN INPUTS
Characteristic Strength of Concrete (fck = 35.0 Mpa

fav = 12.5 Mpa
Design strength of Steel (fyk ) = 500 Mpa
Design Strength of Concrete (fcd ) = 15.6 Mpa IRC-112-6.4.2.8
Mean tensile strength of Concrete (fctm) = 2.80 Mpa
Elastic modulus of Steel (Es) = 200 Gpa
Ec.eff = 32 Gpa
h = 1.00 IRC-112 -A2.9
l = 0.80
b = 0.40
Material dafety afctor,ϒs = 1.15 IRC-112 -6.2.2
Clear Cover = 75 mm
Bar dia to be used = 12 mm
3.0 CHECK FOR FLEXURE

Moment Moment
SECTION
(KN-m) (KN-m)
DESIGN SAGGING 53.09 42.16
b 1000 1000
d 319.0 319.0
2
Kav = M/bd f av (for Bottom) 0.0417 0.0331
x= ((1+sqrt(1-4bKav))/(2*b))*d (mm) 13.54 10.71
Xlim 0.0035/(0.0035+0.00217)*d 196.78 196.78
Remarks OK OK
Z for bottom (mm) = d-bx 313.6 314.7
2
As required for Bottom (mm ) 389.4 308.1
Minimum Ast required of ((0.26*fctm/fyk bt*d),(0.0013*bt*d)) 464.5 464.5
2
As provided at Bottom (mm ) 754.0 754.0
Remarks for Bottom As OK OK
Primary Longitudinal Reinforcement :-
Provided 12 dia @ 150 c/c

2
Ast provided 754 mm /m
Primary Horizontal Reinforcement :-

2
Ast provided 754 mm /m
Secondary Transverse Reinforcement :-

2
Required Reinforcement 150.80 mm /m
2
Ast provided 753.98 mm /m OK
4.0 CHECK FOR SHEAR
If VRd.c>= VED Not required Design shear reinforcement

VRd.c = The design shear resistance without shear reinf.
VED = The design Shear Force at c/s resulting from external loading & that due to Pre-stressing Vpd
0.33
VRd.c = [0.12*K*(80r1*fck) +0.15*scp] *bw*d ….ref. cl. 10.3.2 (pg-88) of IRC:112-2011
subjected to a minimum of vRd.c = (vmin + 0.15scp)bw*d
K = 1+sqrt(200/d) ≤ 2.0 where d = eff. depth in mm
r1 = Asl / (bw*d) ≤ 0.02
Asl = Area of the tensile reinf which extends not les than (lbd+d) beyond the consider section.
bw = minimum breadth of the section over the depth
fck = characteristic compressive cube strength of concrete at 28 days
rcp = is the mean compressive stress , measured positive, in the concrete due to design axial force. This should be obtained by
averaging it over the concrete section taking account of the reinforcement.
NED = Applied longitudinal force in the section due to loading or prestressing with proper load factors.
Depth of toe at deff from A-A mm 319.0

Effective depth of toe at deff from A-A mm 319.0
K= 1.792
2
Asl = mm /m 754
bw = mm 1000
r1 = 0.0024
fck = Mpa 35.0
fcd = Mpa 15.63
NED = t 0.00
scp = NED/ Ac = Mpa 0.00
OK
scp < 0.2*fcd = Mpa 3.127
VRd.c = kN/m 128
vRd.c minimum= (vmin + 0.15scp)bw*d
3/2 1/2
vmin = 0.031*K *fck = 0.440
vRd.c minimum = kN/m 140.3
So, The Design Shear Resistance without shear reinf. VRd.c = kN/m 140.3
VED = kN/m 45.5
OK
5.0 CHECK FOR STRESS
SECTION- SMALLER EDGE Rare Quasi

Design Moment kN-m 28 19
b mm 1000 1000
d mm 319.0 319.0
2
Minimum Ast required of ((0.26*fctm/fyk bt*d),(.0013*bt*d))mm 464.5 464.5
2 2
As provided at Bottom (mm ) mm 754.0 754.0
mm 50.12 50.12
4
mm 6.1E+07 6.1E+07
sc (Top) (Mpa) mPa 3.682 2.508
ss (Top) (Mpa) mPa 123.45 84.08
Check concrete OK OK
Check Steel OK OK
SECTION - LONGER EDGE Rare Quasi

Design Moment kN-m 35.3905 27
b mm 1000 1000
d mm 319.0 319.0
2
Minimum Ast required of ((0.26*fctm/fyk bt*d),(.0013*bt*d))mm 464.5 464.5
2 2
As provided at Bottom (mm ) mm 754.0 754.0
mm 50.12 50.12
4
mm 6.1E+07 6.1E+07
sc (Top) (Mpa) mPa 4.635 3.593
ss (Top) (Mpa) mPa 155.42 120.48
Check concrete OK OK
Check Steel OK OK
6.0 CHECK FOR CRACK Smaller Longer
Wk = Sr,max (esm-ecm) mm 0.201 0.288 OK
Sr,max = Maximum crack spacing (3.4c+0.425k1k2j/rr.eff) mm 796.1 796.1
= where spacing of bonded reinforcement with in the tension mm 405.0 405.0
j = is the bar diameter.Where different diameters are used in mm 12.00 12.00
C = Clear cover to longitudinal reinforcement mm 75.00 75.00
K1 = is the co-efficient which takes account of the bond 0.800 0.800
K2 = is a co-fficient which takes into account of the distribution 0.500 0.500
ssc - kt fct.eff/rr.eff (1+aerr.eff)
(esm-ecm) = Es >=0.6 ssc / Es 0.00025 0.00036
ssc = is the stress in the tension reinforcement assuming a Mpa 84.08 120.48
ae = is the ratio Es/Ec 6.25 6.25
rr.eff = As/Ac.eff 0.0038 0.0038
2
Ac.eff = is the effective area of concrete in tension surrounding the mm 200000.0 200000.0
1 One third of the tension zone depth of the cracked b (mm) 383 383
2 half of section depth,h/2, or h (mm) 200 200
3 2.5*(h-d) d (mm) 203 203
x (mm) 50.1 50.1
2
As = Area of tension reinforcement mm 754 754
fct.eff = is the mean value of the tensile strength of the concrete Mpa 2.80 2.80
1 Design of Dirt Wall
1.1 Design Data
Thickness of dirtwall t = 0.300 m
Height of dirtwall h = 2.948 m
Unit weight of soil fill gfill = 20 kN/m
3
Co-efficient of active earth prerssure ka = 0.235

Clear Cover to Reinforcement c = 75 mm
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete fck = 35 N/mm
2
Characteristic yield strength of steel fyk = 500 N/mm

2
Mean value of axial tensile strength of concrete fctm = 0.259 * fck ^(2/3)
(IRC:112-2011, A-2) = 2.77 N / mm
2
0.30 m
2.95 m
13.85 5.64
Earth Pressure diagram
1.2 Force Calculation
Total Braking force on Dirt Wall =0.2×200 = 40.0 kN
12.50 m
100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0
2.130
2.79m 1.8
2.95 m
2.13 m 2.79 m 2.95 m 4.63 m

12.50 m
Transverse Section of Dirt Wall
Pressure
2
Earth Pressure due to LL surcharge =0.235×20 ×1.2 = 5.64 kN/m
2
Active Earth Pressure =0.235×20 ×2.948 = 13.85 kN/m
Force
Force at the base due to LL surcharge =5.638×2.948 = 16.62 kN/m
Force due to Active Earth Pressure =0.5×13.851×2.948 = 20.42 kN/m
Force due to Braking =40/7.868 = 5.08 kN/m
Force at the base due to Self weight of Wing wall = 0 KN

ECC of Wing Wall from face of Dirt wall = 0.00 m
Moment
Moment at the base due to LL surcharge =16.622×2.948/2 = 24.50 kN m/m
Moment due to Active Earth Pressure =20.417×0.42×2.948 = 25.28 kN m/m
Moment due to Braking Force =5.08×(2.948+1.2) = 21.09 kN m/m
Moment due to Self weight of wing wall =0.000×0.000 = 0 kN -m
(Moment due to sw of wing wall has been neglected for critical design)
1.3 Design for Flexure
Load Factors ( Refer IRC: 6-2017, Table B.2 )
Load Factor for Live Load Surcharge = 1.2 ( Accompanying load )

Load Factor for Earth Pressure = 1.5 ( Leading load )
Load Factor for Braking = 1.5 ( Accompanying load )
Design Bending Moment ( Basic Combination : Earth pressure leading )
Moment at base of the Dirt Wall; ML = (24.50×1.2)+(25.28×1.5)+(21.09×1.5)

= 99 kN m/m
Vertical Reinforcement at Inner Face of Dirt Wall
Assume reinforcement Diameter = 16 mm
Spacing = 150 mm
deff prov = 217 mm
b = 1000 mm
Ast, Inner = 1340 2
mm / m
xu / d = ( 0.87 fy Ast )
( 0.36 fck b d ) ( xu / d )prov = 0.21
( xu / d )lim = 0.46
Check = 1.00 Under Reinforced
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d * (1- ( Ast fy ) / ( b d fck )) Mu = 115 kN m/m SAFE

Usage = 85.77%
Vertical Reinforcement at Outer Face of Dirt Wall
NOTE - Provide Minimum Reinforcement at outer face of Dirt Wall
Ast, outer = 0.0012 * Ac ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.1(3))

= 0.0012×1000×0.300×1000
= 360 mm2 / m
Provide, 12 mm dia at 200 mm c/c at outer face of Dirt Wall
Ast, outer = 565 mm2 / m SAFE
Check for Total Minimum and Maximum Vertical Reinforcement ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.1(2))
Ast, min = 0.0024 * Ac
= 0.0024×1000×0.300×1000
= 720 mm2 / m SAFE
Ast, max = 0.04 * Ac

= 0.04×1000×0.300×1000
= 12000 mm2 / m SAFE
Horizontal Reinforcement on Either Face ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no. 16.3.2 )
A st, horz = 25% of Total Vertical Ast OR 0.001 * Ac

= 476 mm2 / m OR 300 mm2 / m
= 476 mm2 / m
Provide, 12 mm dia at 200 mm c/c at either face
Ast, horz = 1131 mm2 / m SAFE
Check for Transverse Reinforcement

Ast, provd = 1906 mm2 / m
0.02 * Ac = 6000 mm2 / m < Ast, provd
Transverse links are Not Required
1.4 Design for Shear
Effective depth longitudinal dL eff = 217 mm

Width bw = 1000 mm
Design shear force,
VRd s = VNS = VEd = (16.62×1.2)+(20.42×1.5)+(5.08×1.5)
= 58 kN / m
0
Maximum Allowabe Shear Force ( for maximum shear force take Ɵ = 45 )
VRd.max = αcw x bw x z x v1 x (fcd/(cotƟ+tanƟ)) ( IRC:112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.3.2, Eq10.8)
where,
αcw = 1
z = lever arm = 0.9d (For RCC)
v1 is the strength reduction factor for concrete cracked in shear
v1 = 0.53 ( IRC:112-2011, Eq10.6 )
Ɵ= 45 (CotƟ = 1)
fcd is the design value of concrete compression strength =αcc x fck /ɣm ( IRC: 112-2011, cl. no. 10.3.1 )
αcc = 0.67 (Refer IRC:112-2011, Pg.87)
ɣm = 1.50 (Partial factors for concrete for ULS)
fcd = (αccxfck)/ɣm
= 15.6 N/mm
2
VRd.max = 813 kN / m Section is Safe
Allowable Shear Force without Shear Reinforcement

0.33
VRd c = ( 0.12 x K (80 x ρ1 x fck ) + 0.15 x σcp) bw x d ( IRC:112-2011, cl.no.10.3.2(2))
But, VRd.c min = (vmin + 0.15 x σcp) bw x d
where, K= 1+sqrt(200/d) <=2, where d is the depth in mm.

VRd c = The design shear resistance of the member without shear reinforcement.
vmin = 3/2
0.031 x K^ x fck^
1/2
σcp = Concrete compressive stress at the centroidal axis due to axial loading or prestressing.
ρ1 = Reinforcement ratio for longitudinal reinforcement , = A st / (bw x d) <=0.02
K = 2.0
ρ1 = 0.0062
σcp = 0
VRd c min = 109 kN / m
VRd c = 131 kN / m
Shear Reinforcement is Not Required
1 Design of Abutment Cap
1.1 Design Data
Width of Abutment = 1600 mm
Depth of abutment cap = 800 mm
Concrete Vol. per m width of cap 1600 X 0.225 = 360000 mm3/m
Volume of steel to be Required = 1% of the Cap Volume = 3600 mm3/m
As per CL 710.8.7 of IRC:78-2014
Longitudinal Reinforcement at top face
Provide, 10 Nos of 16 mm dia at top Face
Ast, outer = 2011 mm2
Longitudinal Reinforcement at Bottom face
Longitudinal Reinforcement at side face each side

Ref :
1.0 DESIGN OF PILE CAP BY BENDING ANALOGY:
COMPONENT
PILE
: CAP
2. Pile Coordinates:
Sl No Long (X) Trans (Y) X2 Y2 -1.800, 8.00 1.800, 8.00
1 -1.800 8.00 3.24 64.00 6 18 3.1176915
2 -1.800 4.00 3.24 16.00 2.078461
3 -1.800 0.00 3.24 0.00 5 -1.800, 4.00 1.800, 4.00 17
4 -1.800 -4.00 3.24 16.00
5 -1.800 -8.00 3.24 64.00 4 16
6 1.800 8.00 3.24 64.00 -1.800, 0.00 1.800, 0.00
7 1.800 4.00 3.24 16.00 3 15
8 1.800 0.00 3.24 0.00
9 1.800 -4.00 3.24 16.00 2 14
-1.800, -4.00 1.800, -4.00
10 1.800 -8.00 3.24 64.00
1 13
-1.800, -8.00
1.800, -8.00 0.00 Y
0.00 X
10 32.40 320.00
3. Material Data:
Density of Concrete = 25.00 kN/m3
Bulk Density of soil = 20.00 kN/m3
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Charecteristic strength of reinforcement ( fyk ) = 500 MPa Table 18.1, IRC 112
Partial factor of safety for steel ( gs ) = 1.150 Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
Design value for tensile strength ( fyd = fyk/gs ) = 434.78 MPa Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel ( Es ) = 200 GPa Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Charecteristics compressive strength ( fck ) = 35 MPa Table 6.5, IRC 112
a = 0.670 Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Concrete material factor ( gm ) = 1.500 Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Design value for concrete compressive strength ( fcd = afck/gm ) = 15.63 MPa Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete ( Ecm ) = 32 GPa Table 6.5, IRC 112
Modular Ratio = 11.25 Avg of Long & Short Term Cl 604.3, IRC 22
A B
4. Pile Cap Dimension :
Diameter of Pile = 1.20 m
c/c of Pile along Longitudinal Direction = 3.60 m C C
c/c of Pile along Transverse Direction = 4.00 m
No. of Pile along Longitudinal Direction = 2
No. of Pile along Transverse Direction = 5
Pile Cap Dimension along Long Direction = 5.1 m
Pile Cap Dimension along Transv Direction = 18.000 m D D
Depth of Pile Cap = 1.80 m
Thickness of Pier = 1.00 m
Equivalent Thickness of Pier (Inscribed Square) = 1.00 m
Height of Earth over Pile Cap = 5.50 m
Density of Earth = 20 kN/m
3
Density of Concrete = 25 kN/m

3
5. Unfactored Loads on Foundation for Capacity Check :

V M-L M-T H
Load Combinations
kN kN-m kN-m kN
Normal Load Combinations A B
Load Comb 1 17699 4759 -531 3575
Load Comb 2 16448 4512 5857 3524 Typical Arrangement of Pile Cap
Load Comb 3 17699 4759 -531 3575
Long Seismic Load Combinations
Load Comb 4 17410 24791 12443 8461
Load Comb 5 17153 24742 13627 8448
Load Comb 6 17410 24791 12443 8461
Transv Seismic Load Combinations
Load Comb 7 17410 8675 41724 9503
Load Comb 8 17153 8625 42691 9466 SECTION
STATUS
Load Comb 9 17410 8675 41724 9503 A-A B-B
Wind Load Combinations GEOMETRY OK OK
Load Comb 10 18080 4969 1348 3627 FLEXURE OK OK
Load Comb 11 16829 4721 7736 3576 SHEAR OK OK
Load Comb 12 18080 4969 1348 3627 TORSION OK OK
Ref :
Pile No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 H
Load No.
1 1492 1499 1505 1512 1519 2021 2028 2034 2041 2048 - - 358
2 1541 1467 1394 1321 1248 2042 1969 1895 1822 1749 - - 352
3 1492 1499 1505 1512 1519 2021 2028 2034 2041 2048 - - 358
4 675 519 364 208 53 3429 3274 3118 2963 2807 - - 846
5 681 511 341 170 0 3431 3260 3090 2919 2749 - - 845
6 675 519 364 208 53 3429 3274 3118 2963 2807 - - 846
7 2302 1781 1259 738 216 3266 2744 2223 1701 1180 - - 950
8 2303 1770 1236 702 169 3262 2728 2194 1661 1127 - - 947
9 2302 1781 1259 738 216 3266 2744 2223 1701 1180 - - 950
10 1566 1549 1532 1515 1498 2118 2101 2084 2067 2050 - - 363
11 1614 1517 1421 1324 1227 2139 2042 1945 1848 1752 - - 358
12 1566 1549 1532 1515 1498 2118 2101 2084 2067 2050 - - 363
Pile No 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 H
Load No.
1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 358
2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 352
3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 358
4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 846
5 - - - - - - - - - - - - 845
6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 846
7 - - - - - - - - - - - - 950
8 - - - - - - - - - - - - 947
9 - - - - - - - - - - - - 950
10 - - - - - - - - - - - - 363
11 - - - - - - - - - - - - 358
12 - - - - - - - - - - - - 363
Normal Case
Pile Capacity Vertical = 3679 kN
STATUS
Pile Capacity Horizontal = 392 kN
Max Pile Load = 2048 kN OK
Min Pile Load = 1248 kN OK
Horizontal Load on Pile = 358 kN OK
Sesimic Case
STATUS
Horizontal Load on Pile = 950 kN
Wind Case
STATUS
Horizontal Load on Pile = 363 kN OK
5. Load on Foundation for Strength Check :

V M-L M-T H
Load Combinations
kN kN-m kN-m kN
Load Comb 1 24985 7599 894 5176
Load Comb 2 23109 7227 10476 5100
Load Comb 3 24985 7599 894 5176
Long Seismic Load Combinations
Load Comb 4 24047 30848 19833 10635
Load Comb 5 23742 30799 20413 10596
Load Comb 6 24047 30848 19833 10635
Transv Seismic Load Combinations
Load Comb 7 24047 6674 66359 13711
Load Comb 8 23742 6624 65311 13452
Load Comb 9 24047 6674 66359 13711
Load Comb 10 24338 6959 2207 5054
Load Comb 11 22900 6674 9554 4995
Load Comb 12 24338 6959 2207 5054
Pile No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 H
Load No
1 2099 2088 2076 2065 2054 2943 2932 2921 2910 2898 - - 518
2 2171 2040 1909 1778 1648 2974 2843 2712 2581 2451 - - 510
3 2099 2088 2076 2065 2054 2943 2932 2921 2910 2898 - - 518
4 1187 939 691 443 195 4614 4366 4119 3871 3623 - - 1064
5 1173 918 663 408 153 4596 4340 4085 3830 3575 - - 1060
6 1187 939 691 443 195 4614 4366 4119 3871 3623 - - 1064
7 3693 2863 2034 1204 375 4434 3605 2775 1946 1116 - - 1371
8 3639 2823 2006 1190 373 4375 3559 2742 1926 1109 - - 1345
9 3693 2863 2034 1204 375 4434 3605 2775 1946 1116 - - 1371
10 2102 2075 2047 2020 1992 2876 2848 2820 2793 2765 - - 505
11 2158 2039 1919 1800 1680 2900 2780 2661 2541 2422 - - 500
12 2102 2075 2047 2020 1992 2876 2848 2820 2793 2765 - - 505
Pile No 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 H
Load No
1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 518
2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 510
3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 518
4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1064
5 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1060
6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1064
7 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1371
8 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1345
9 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1371
10 - - - - - - - - - - - - 505
11 - - - - - - - - - - - - 500
12 - - - - - - - - - - - - 505
6 Bending Moment, Shear Force & Corresponding Torsion at Different Section : Ref :
LONGITUINAL DIRECTION
Load Factors Pile Cap 1.35 1.00
Section A-A Case No. 7.0

Pile No X Y Load Long Dist Moment Total M Trans Dist Torsion Total T LF 0
1 -1.80 8.00 3693 1.30 4801 8.00 29543 1.0
2 -1.80 4.00 2863 1.30 3722 4.00 11454 1.0
3 -1.80 0.00 2034 1.30 2644 0.00 0 1.0
4 -1.80 -4.00 1204 1.30 1566 -4.00 -4818 1.0
5 -1.80 -8.00 375 1.30 487 -8.00 -3000 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -0.50 0 0.00 0 1.0
Pile No 0.00 0.00 0 -0.50 0 0.00 0 1.0
13221 33179
0.00 0.00 0 -0.50 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -0.50 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -0.50 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -0.50 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -0.50 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -0.50 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -0.50 0 0.00 0 1.0
Pile Cap Earth

Earth & Dist Width Length
Thick Load Moment Thick Load Moment
PileCap
0.50 18.00 2.05 1.80 1661 1702 5.50 4059 4160
Total Moment about Section A-A = 6762 kN-m

Total Torsion about Section A-A = 33179 kN-m
Section deff away from A-A Case No. 7.0

Pile No X Y Load Total Load Trans Dist Torsion Total T LF
1 -1.80 8.00 3693 8.00 29543 1.0
2 -1.80 4.00 2863 4.00 11454 1.0
3 -1.80 0.00 2034 0.00 0 1.0
Pile No
4 -1.80 -4.00 1204 -4.00 -4818 1.0
5 -1.80 -8.00 375 -8.00 -3000 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
10170 33179
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
Pile Cap Earth

Thick Load Thick Load
Cap
0.50 18.00 2.05 1.80 1661 5.50 4059
Total Shear at deff from Section A-A = 3869 kN

Total Torsion at deff from Section A-A = 33179 kN
Section B-B Case No. 7.0

Pile No X Y Load Long Dist Moment Total M Trans Dist Torsion Total T LF
6 1.80 8.00 0 3.02 0 8.00 0 1.0 1.5
7 1.80 4.00 0 3.02 0 4.00 0 1.0
8 1.80 0.00 0 3.02 0 0.00 0 1.0
Pile No
9 1.80 -4.00 0 3.02 0 0 -4.00 0 0 1.0
10 1.80 -8.00 0 3.02 0 -8.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 3.02 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 3.02 0 0.00 0 1.0
Pile Cap Earth

Cap
0.50 18.00 2.05 1.80 1661 1702 0.00 0 0
Total Moment about Section B-B = -2298 kN-m

Total Torsion about Section B-B = 0 kN-m
Section deff away from B-B Case No. 7.0

Pile No X Y Load Total Load Trans Dist Torsion Total T LF
6 1.80 8.00 0 8.00 0 1.0
7 1.80 4.00 0 4.00 0 1.0
8 1.80 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
Pile No
9 1.80 -4.00 0 0 -4.00 0 0 1.0
10 1.80 -8.00 0 -8.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
Pile Cap Earth

Thick Load Thick Load
Cap
0.50 18.00 1.55 1.80 1256 0.00 0
Total Shear at deff from Section B-B = -1695 kN

Total Torsion at deff from Section B-B = 0 kN
Ref :
8. Strength Check of the Section:

SECTION
A ) Geometric & Load Details = UNIT
A-A B-B
Ultimate Moment ( Mu ) = 6762 2298 kN-m
Corresponding Torsion ( T ed ) = 33179 0 kN-m
Shear at deff from Section ( VED ) = 3869 -1695 kN
Width of Section ( b ) = 18.0 18.0 m
Depth of Section ( D ) = 1.8 1.8 m
Clear Cover to Reinforcement ( c ) = 75 75 mm
Dia of Reinforcement ( f ) = 25 25 mm
Spacing of Reinforcement ( s ) = 110 110 mm
Dia of Reinforcement ( f ) = 0 0 mm
Area of Reinforcement ( At ) = 80325 80325 mm2
Min Reinf As min = 0.26fctm/fyk bd or 0.0013bd = 40073 40073 mm2
fctm = = 2.50 2.50
Status = OK OK
SECTION
B ) Flexure = UNIT
A-A B-B
Effective depth of section ( d = D - c - f/2 ) = 1.713 1.713 m
Max Strain on concrete in compression ( ecu3 ) = 0.0035 0.0035 Table 6.5, IRC 112
Max Strain on reinforcement in tension ( es = 0.002 + fyd /Es ) = 0.0042 0.0042
Max Depth of NA from comp flange [ xulim = ecu3 /( ecu3+es )] = 0.456 0.456 d
l = 0.8 0.8 Eq A2-33 & 34, IRC 112
h = 1.0 1.0 Eq A2-35 & 36, IRC 112
Max Depth of Stress Block lx = 0.365 0.365 d
Total Compression Force ( Fc = lxhfcd b) = 5.704 5.704 bd
Lever arm ( z = d - lx/2) = 0.818 0.818 d
Limiting value of R = 4.664 4.664
Required Depth of Slab [ (Mulim /Rb)^0.5 ] = 0.284 0.165 m
Status = OK OK
Depth of nutral axis from compression flange ( x ) = 0.155 0.155 m
Depth of Stress Block lx = 0.072 0.072 d
Status = OK OK
Total Compression Force ( Fc = lxhfcd b) = 34924 34924 kN
Total Tension Force ( Fs = fyd At) = 34924 34924 kN
Difference = 0 0 m Run Macro 10
Depth of lever arm ( z = d - lx/2) = 1.650 1.650 m
Moment of Resistance ( Fs z ) = 57640 57640 kN-m
Reinforcement Required due to Flexure = 9424 3202 kN-m
Reinforcement Required due to Torsion(At top & Bottom) = 37349 0 kN-m
Total Reinforcement Required at Bottom = 46772 3202 kN-m
Provided Reinforcement at Bottom 80325 80325
Usuage 0.58 0.04
Status OK OK
Pile cap reinforcement provided at top
Dia of Reinforcement ( f ) 20 16
Spacing of Reinforcement ( s ) 110 110
Area of Reinforcement ( At ) 51408 32901
Status OK OK
Reinforcement Required due to Torsion(At Side Face) 3735 0
Pile cap reinforcement provided at Side
Dia of Reinforcement ( f ) 20 16
Spacing of Reinforcement ( s ) 110 110
Area of Reinforcement ( At ) 4827 3089
Status OK OK
SECTION
C ) Shear = UNIT
A-A B-B
Dia of Shear Reinforcement ( f ) = 12 12 mm
Distance between two Leg of Shear Reinforcement = 110 220 mm
No of Leg of Shear Reinforcement ( n ) = 165 83
Area of Shear Reinforcement ( Asw ) = 18620 9367 sqm
av = 2.0 2.0 d Actual load away from 2d
b v = av/2d = 1.000 1.000 Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112
Modefied Ved = b VEd = 3869 -1695 kN
Equivalent Torsional Shear Ved = 21242 0 kN
Design Ved = 25111 -1695
Ved <= 0.5bdvfcd = 128247 128247 kN Eq 10.5, IRC 112
Status = OK OK
Concrete Shear capacity VRd.c = [ 0.12K(80r1.fck)0.33+0.15scp]W'd = 9563 9563 kN Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112
Min Conc Shear capacity VRd.c min = (nmin+0.15scp)bd = 6884 6884 kN Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112
Concrete Shear capacity VRd.c = 9563 9563 kN
K = 1+sqrt(200/d) <=2 = 1.342 1.342 Eq 10.2, IRC 112
nmin = 0.031K0.67fck0.5 = 0.223 0.223 Eq 10.3, IRC 112
scp = = 0.0 0.0
r1 = At /bd <= 0.02 = 0.0026 0.0026
Status = SF Reqd SF not Reqd
Member Required Shear Reinforcement
Area of Shear Reinf ( Asw ) = 18620 9367 mm2
Shear Reinf Ratio ( r = Asw/sb ) 0.0094 0.0024
Design yeild strength of Shear Reinf ( fywd = 0.8 fywk, fywk = fyk/gs ) = 348 348
Cot q = 1.0 1.0
Steel Shear capacity VRd.s = ( Asw / s ) z fywd cot q = 97174 24441
Max Shear capacity VRd.max = acwbzv1[fcd/(cot q + Tan q )] = 123600 123600
v1 = = 0.53 0.53
acw = = 1.00 1.00
Min Shear Reinf Ratio ( rmin = 0.072 sqrt(fck)/fyk ) = 0.0009 0.0009 Eq 10.20, IRC 112
Status = OK OK
Max Angle of Compression Strut q = 45.0 45.0 Degree
Maximum allowable Shear Stress tmax = 0.135fck[1-fck/310] = 4.2 4.2 mPa
Shear Stress t = Ved / 0.9bd = 0.905 -0.061 mPa
Status = OK OK
Allowable Shear Stress without Shear Reinf talw = 0.312 0.312 mPa
Status = SF Reqd SF not Reqd
Min Angle of Compression Strut q = 21.8 21.8 Degree
v = 0.6 [1-fck/310] = 0.53 0.53
Allowable Shear Stress talw = v x fcd /(cot f + tan f ) = 2.87 2.87 mPa
Angle of Compression Strut q = 45.0 45.0 Degree
Asw/S = 46.84 -3.16 mm2/m
Providing Shear reinforcement = 169.3 42.6 mm2/m Ref :
Status = OK OK
Spacing of Shear Reinforcement s = Asw 0.9d fy cot q / Ved = 571 -4259 kN Ref112
Eq 10.7, IRC :
Status = OK OK
SECTION
D ) Torsion = UNIT
A-A B-B
Total area of cross section ( A ) = 3.24E+07 3.24E+07 Eq 10.46, IRC 112
Core Area ( Ak ) = 1.69E+07 1.69E+07
Outer Perimeter of cross section ( u ) = 39600 39600 mm
tef,i = A/u or twice dist of concret face to cg of Reinf = 818 818 mm
Torsional shear stress, tt,i = 1.202 0.000 mPa
VED,i = Design Torsional Shear Force = tt,i x tef,i x Zi = 966 0 kN
where, Zi = 982 982
sin q = 0.707 0.707
cos q = 0.707 0.707
TRD,max = 2racwfcdAktefisin q cos q = 129465 129465
v1 = 0.6 0.6
acw = 1.0 1.0
tan q = 1.0 1.0
cot q = 1.0 1.0
VRd.max = acwbzv1[fcd/(cot q + Tan q )] = 162640 162640 kN
TED / TRD,max + VED / VRD,max = = 0.41 -0.01
Status = OK OK
Perimeter of core section ( uk ) = 3.63E+04 3.63E+04 mm
Long Reinf due to Torsion ( Asl = Ted uk Cot q / 2Ak fyd ) = 82167 0 mm2 Eq 10.49, IRC 112
Additional Long Reinf at Bottom due to Torsion = 37349 0 mm2
Additional Long Reinf at Side face due to Torsion = 3735 0 mm2
9. Load on Foundation for Stress and Crack Width Check :
V M-L M-T H
Load Combinations
kN kN-m kN-m kN
Load Comb 1 18114 4325 596 3451
Load Comb 2 16864 4077 6984 3400
Load Comb 3 18114 4325 596 3451
Wind Load Combinations SECTION
STATUS
Load Comb 4 17641 3862 1480 3362 A-A B-B
Load Comb 5 16703 3676 6272 3323 STRESS OK OK
Load Comb 6 15384 -229 0 2357 CRACK OK OK
Pile No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 H
Load No
1 1586 1579 1571 1564 1556 2067 2059 2052 2044 2037 - - 345
2 1634 1547 1460 1373 1285 2087 2000 1913 1826 1738 - - 340
3 1586 1579 1571 1564 1556 2067 2059 2052 2044 2037 - - 345
4 1587 1568 1550 1531 1513 2016 1997 1979 1960 1942 - - 336
5 1623 1545 1466 1388 1309 2031 1953 1875 1796 1718 - - 332
6 1551 1551 1551 1551 1551 1526 1526 1526 1526 1526 - - 236
Pile No 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 H
Load No
1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 345
2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 340
3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 345
4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 336
5 - - - - - - - - - - - - 332
6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 236
10 Bending Moment, Shear Force & Corresponding Torsion at Different Section:
Load Factors Pile Cap 1.00 Earth 1.00

LONGITUINAL DIRECTION
Section A-A Case No. 6.0
1 -1.80 8.00 1551 3.02 4684 -11.70 -18148 1.0 1.5
2 -1.80 4.00 1551 3.02 4684 -7.80 -12099 1.0
3 -1.80 0.00 1551 3.02 4684 -3.90 -6049 1.0
4 -1.80 -4.00 1551 3.02 4684 0.00 0 1.0
5 -1.80 -8.00 1551 3.02 4684 3.90 6049 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 3.02 0 7.80 0 1.0
Pile No 0.00 0.00 0 3.02 0 11.70 0 1.0
23422 -30247
0.00 0.00 0 0.47 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.47 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.47 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.47 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.47 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.47 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 0.47 0 0.00 0 1.0
Pile Cap Earth

Cap
0.50 18.00 2.05 1.80 1661 1702 5.50 4059 4160
Total Moment about Section A-A = 17560 kN-m

Total Torsion about Section A-A = -30247 kN-m
Section B-B Case No. 6.0 Ref :
6 1.80 8.00 0 3.02 0 -11.70 0 1.0 1.5
7 1.80 4.00 0 3.02 0 -7.80 0 1.0
8 1.80 0.00 0 3.02 0 -3.90 0 1.0
9 1.80 -4.00 0 3.02 0 0.00 0 1.0
10 1.80 -8.00 0 3.02 0 3.90 0 1.0
Pile No
0.00 0.00 0 3.02 0 0 7.80 0 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 3.02 0 11.70 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 3.01 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -2.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -2.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
0.00 0.00 0 -2.00 0 0.00 0 1.0
Pile Cap Earth

Cap
0.50 18.00 2.05 1.80 1661 1702 0.00 0 0
Total Moment about Section B-B = -1702 kN-m

Total Torsion about Section B-B = 0 kN-m
11. Stress Check of the Section:

SECTION
Stress Check = UNIT
A-A B-B
Ultimate Moment for Stress Check ( Mu ) = 17560 1702 kN-m
Width of Section ( b ) = 18.000 18.000 m
Depth of Section ( D ) = 1.800 1.800 m
Allowable stress in steel = 400 400 mPa Cl 12.2.2, IRC 112
Allowable stress in concrete = 12.6 12.6 mPa Cl 12.2.1, IRC 112
Modular ratio ( m ) = 14.00 14.00
Position of neutral axis from comp face ( x ) = 404 404 mm
MoA of compression area = 1.471E+09 1.471E+09 mm3
MoA of tension area = 1.471E+09 1.471E+09 mm3
Diff = 0 0 Run Macro 11
MOI of cracked section = 2.321E+12 2.321E+12
Stress in tension reinf = 138.6 13.4 mPa
Status = OK OK
Stress in concrete = 3.1 0.3 mPa
Status = OK OK
12. Crack Check of the Section:

SECTION
Crack Width Check = UNIT
A-A B-B
Ultimate Moment for Crack Width Check ( Mu ) = 17560 1702 kN-m
Concrete Cross Sectional Area ( Ac ) = 3.2E+07 3.2E+07 mm2
Perimeter in contact with atmosphere ( u ) = 39600 39600 mm
Notional Size ( 2Ac/u ) = 1636 1636 mm
Final time for creep calculation, t = 25550 25550
Final Creep Co-efficient of 28 days [ RH - 80% ] ( f ) = 1.24 1.24 Tab 6.9 - IRC 112
Relative Humidity, RH = 80 % 80 %
Coefficient to consider influence of the conc strength, α1 = (43.75/fcm)0.7 = 0.980 0.980
Factor to allow for the effect of relative humidity, fRH = (1+ (1-RH/100)/0.1(ho)1/3
= ) for fcm1.17 1.17
Factor to allow for effect of conc age at loading, b (to) = 1/(0.1+t00.2) = 0.488 0.488
Factor to allow for effect of conc strength, b (fcm) = 18.78/√fcm = 2.800 2.800
fo = fRH b(fcm) b(to) = 1.600 1.600
fcm = 45 45
Coefficient depending on RH and member size (for deck), bH =1.5[1+(0.012RH)18]h0+250
= 1500 1500
Coefficient to describe the development of creep with time, bc(t,to) = [(t-to)/(bH+t-to)]0.3
= 0.983 0.983
Creep coefficient, f (t,to) = f0.bc(t,t0) = 1.57 1.57
Effective Modulus of Elasticity of Conc. ( Eeff ) = 14.29 14.29 GPa Cl 6.4.2.5, IRC 112
Modular ratio ( m ) = 14.0 14.0
Allowable stress in steel ( 0.8 fyk ) = 400 400 mPa Cl 12.2.2, IRC 112
Allowable stress in concrete ( 0.36 fck ) = 12.6 12.6 mPa Cl 12.2.1, IRC 113
Position of neutral axis from comp face ( x ) = 404 404 mm
MOA of compression area = 1.471E+09 1.471E+09 mm3
MOA of tension area = 1.471E+09 1.471E+09 mm3
Diff = 0 0
Run Macro 12
MOI of cracked section = 2.321E+12 2.321E+12 mm4
Stress in concrete (For Quasi-Permanent Conditions) = 3.06 0.30
Status = OK OK
Stress in tension reinf (For Quasi-Permanent Conditions) = 138.6 13.4 mPa
Status = OK OK
Effective Depth of concrete in tension hc,eff = = 218.75 218.75 mm Fig 12.2 - IRC 112
Eff area of conc surrounding tension reinf Ac,eff = b x hc,eff = 3937500 3937500 mm2
ae = Es / Ecm = 6.25 6.25
rr,eff = = 0.02 0.02
kt = A factor dependent on the duration of the load = 0.50 0.50
Mean value of tensile strength of concrete effective at the time =
when the cracks may occur first, fct,eff = Max ( 2.9, f ctm (t)) =
where, fctm(t) = (b cc(t))a x f ctm = 2.50 2.50 mPa
and the value of fctm is = = 2.50 2.50 mPa Table 6.5, IRC 112
where, b cc(t) = e ^ [S x (1 - (28/(t/t1))^0.5] =
b cc(t) = Co-eff depending on age "t" and type of cement =
t = Age of concrete in days = = 28 28 Days Ref :
t1 = = 1 1 Days Eq 6.3, IRC 112
S = Co-efficient depends on type of cement = = 0.25 0.25 Eq 6.3, IRC 112
So, b cc(t) = e ^ [S x (1 - (28/(t/t1))^0.5] = 1.00 1.00
fct,eff = Max of ( 2.9, f ctm (t) ) = 2.90 2.90 mPa
Maximum Crack Spacing, Sr,max = 1.3 x (h - x) = = 1814 1814 mm Eq 12.12, IRC 112
Maximum Crack Spacing, Sr,max = 3.4c + (0.425xk1xk2xf)/rr,eff = 463 463 mm Eq 12.12, IRC 113
k1 = = 0.8 0.8 Cl 12.3.4, IRC 112
k2 = = 0.5 0.5 Cl 12.3.4, IRC 112
f= = 25 25 mm
Maximum Crack Spacing, Sr,max = 3.4c + 0.17f / rr,eff = 463 463 mm Eq 12.8, IRC 112
Design Crack Spacing, Sr,max = = 463 463 mm Eq 12.12, IRC 112
esm -ecm = ((ssc - (kt x f ct,eff x (1 + ae x rr,eff))/rr,eff))/Es = 0.00042 0.00004 Eq 12.6, IRC 112
Crack width ( wk ) = 0.19 0.02 mm Eq 12.5, IRC 112
Status = OK OK 0.3 mm
13. Check for Punching Shear:

Section around Pier Case No. 6.0
Periphery of Pier Base "d" from Pier Base
Pile No X Y Load Dist
LF F Load Total Load LF F Load Total Load
1 -1.80 8.00 1187 8.20 1.0 1187 1.0 1187
2 -1.80 4.00 939 4.39 1.0 939 1.0 939
3 -1.80 0.00 691 1.80 1.0 691 1.0 691
4 -1.80 -4.00 443 4.39 1.0 443 1.0 443
5 -1.80 -8.00 195 8.20 1.0 195 1.0 195
6 1.80 8.00 4614 8.20 1.0 4614 1.0 4614
7 1.80 4.00 4366 4.39 1.0 4366 1.0 4366
8 1.80 0.00 4375 1.80 1.0 4375 1.0 4375
9 1.80 -4.00 3559 4.39 1.0 3559 1.0 3559
Pile No
10 1.80 -8.00 2876 8.20 1.0 2876 1.0 2876
23244 23244
1.0 0
1.0 0
1.0 0
1.0 0
Effective Pile Cap Earth

Location Length Width Cap Area Pier Area
Earth & Area Thick Load Thick Load
Cap Pier Base 18.00 5.10 91.80 0.79 91.01 1.80 4096 5.50 10012
d Pier 18.00 5.10 91.80 254.47 -162.67 1.80 -7320 5.50 -17894
At Periphery of Pier Base

Total Punching Shear ( VEd ) at Periphery of Pier Base = 26469 kN
Resultant Moment at Pier Base ( MEd ) = 36674 kN-m
Ecentricity of Load from Pier Base ( e = MEd / VEd ) = 1.386 m
Effective depth of Pile Cap ( d ) = 1.713 m
Distance of Section from Pier Face ( a ) = 0.150
Length of Peremeter ( ui ) = 38.000 m
b for internal circular Column b = 1+0.6p[e/(D+4d)] = 1.333
Punching Shear Stress vEd = bVEd / uid = 0.542 MPa Eq 10.24, IRC 112
Max Allowable Punching Shear vRd.max = 0.5*v*fcd = 4.160 MPa
Status = OK
Punching Shear Resistance vRd.c = Max[(0.12K(80r1.fck)0.33, vmin ] 2d/a = 7.083 MPa Eq 10.40, IRC 112
Min Punching Shear Resistance vRd.c min = nmin = 0.031K0.67fck0.5 = 5.099 MPa
Status = OK
Ref :
At Corner Pile
Total Punching Shear ( VEd ) at d From Pile = 4614 kN
Diameter of Pile( D ) = 1.20 m Corner Pile
Weight of Soil & Pilecap in control perimeter = 96 kN
Total Punching Shear ( VEd ) = 4519 kN 0.89
Equivalent Square Size of Pile = 1.06 m
Dimension of Pier in Longitudinal Direction = 1.06 m
Dimension of Pier in Transverse Direction = 1.06 m 1.82
Effective depth of Pile Cap = 1.713 m
Dist of Punching Shear section at d from Pier Base (Long.) = 2.766 m
Dist of Punching Shear section at d from Pier Base (Trans.) = 2.706 m 0.95
Resultant Moment at Pier Base ( MEd ) = 30848 kN-m
Ecentricity of Load from Pier Base ( e = MEd / VEd ) = 6.827 m
Effective depth of Pile Cap ( d ) = 1.713 m
Distance of Section from Pier Face ( a ) = 1.216
Length of Peremeter ( ui ) = 14.271 m
b for internal circular Column b = 1+0.6p[e/(D+4d)] = 2.599
Punching Shear Stress vEd = bVEd / uid = 0.480 mPa
Max Allowable Punching Shear vRd.max = 0.5*v*fcd = 4.160 mPa
Status = OK
Punching Shear Resistance vRd.c = Max[(0.12K(80r1.fck)0.33, vmin ] 2d/a = 0.874 mPa
Min Punching Shear Resistance vRd.c min = nmin = 0.031K0.67fck0.5 = 0.629 mPa
Status = OK
1. Material Data: Ref :
Density of Concrete = 25.00 kN/m
3
Bulk Density of soil = 20.00 kN/m

3

Charecteristic strength of reinforcement ( fyk ) = 500 MPa Table 18.1, IRC 112
Partial factor of safety for steel ( gs ) = 1.150 Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel ( Es ) = 200 GPa Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
a = 0.670 Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Design value for concrete compressive strength ( fcd = afck/gm ) = 15.63 MPa Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete ( Ecm ) = 32 GPa Table 6.5, IRC 112
Modular Ratio = 11.25 Avg of Long & Short Term Cl 604.3, IRC 22
2. Load on Pile for Strength Check as Per IS 2911:
L1
Scour Bed LeveL
Lf
Horizontal Force on each Pile at Pile Cap Bot Level ( H ),Strength Case = 1371 kN
Free Length of Pile ( L1 ) = 0.00 m
Diameter of Pile ( D ) = 120 cm
Clear Cover to Reinforcement ( d' ) = 7.5 cm
K = 4.33 m
0.25
Stiffness Factor 'R' = (EI/KB) = 5.00 m
L1/R = 0.00
Corresponding Lf/R ratio ( Fig 4, IS 2911-Sec 2 ) = 1.91
Length of fixity 'Lf' = 9.56 m (From Geotech Report)
Reduction factor for Fixed Head Pile for Moment 'm' = 0.72
Fixed Head Moment [H ( L1 + Lf ) m / 2 ] = 4736 kN-m
Additional Momemt on Pile due to Tilt (1 in 150) = 87 kN
Total Design Moment = 4824 kN-m
Safe Lateral Load Capacity of Pile,From permissible Deflection (1%) of daimeter of Pile = 538 KN OK
Max.
3. Design of Pile for Strength Check: Max.Axial Min.Axial
Momemt
Vertical Load on Pile for Strength Check = 4614 153 4614 kN
Moment on Pile Base = 4824 4824 4824 kN-m
2
Pu/fckD = 0.092 0.003 0.092
3
Mu/fckD = 0.080 0.080 0.080
Effective Cover to Reinforcement ( d' ) = 9.1 9.1 9.1 cm
d'/D = 0.086 0.086 0.086
Value of r/fck from Chart 60 SP 16 = 0.069 0.060 0.060
Area of Steel Reqd. = 273 238 238 cm
2
Dia of bars 'f' = 3.2 3.2 3.2 cm

No of Bars 'n' = 17 17 17 Nos.
Dia of bars 'f' = 3.2 3.2 3.2 cm
No of Bars 'n' = 17 17 17 Nos.
Area of Steel Provided. = 273 273 273 cm
2 OK OK
Dist between main Bars = 18.8 18.8 18.8 cm OK
% of steel provided = 2.418 2.418 2.418 %
Min % of steel to be provided = 0.40 0.40 0.40 % OK
Max.
4. Load on Pile for Stress Check as Per IS 2911: Max.Axial Min.Axial
Momemt
Maximum Vertical Load on Pile for Stress Check = 2087 1551 2087 kN
Horizontal Force on each Pile at Pile Cap Bot Level ( H ) = 340 236 340 kN
Fixed Head Moment due to WCL [ H1 x D1 x m / 2 ] = 87 87 87 kN-m
Fixed Head Moment [H ( L1 + Lf ) m / 2 ] = 1174 814 1174 kN-m
5. Design of Pile for Stress Check : 2

Normal Permissible axial compressive stress in concrete (scc) = 156 156 156 kg/cm
2
Normal Permissible bending tensile stress in concrete (sct) = 25 25 25 kg/cm
2
Normal Permissible bending compressive stress in concrete (scb) = 168 168 168 kg/cm
2
Normal Permissible bending tensile stress in steel (sst) = 4000 4000 4000 kg/cm
Load Case (N = Normal, W = Wind, S = Seismic) = S S S 1.50
2
Cross-sectional area of uncracked section = 14113 14113 14113 cm
4
Moment of inertia of uncracked section = 2E+07 2E+07 2E+07 cm 2
Calculated direct compressive stress (sco,cal) = 14.8 11.0 14.8 kg/cm
2
Calculated bending compressive stress (scb,cal) = 40.4 28.0 40.4 kg/cm
Interaction ratio
sco,cal / sco + scb,cal / scb <= 1.0 = 0.335 0.237 0.335 OK 2
Resultant compressive stress in concrete (sct,cal) = -25.6 -17.0 -25.6 kg/cm
Section should be Designed as Cracked Section
Neutral axis depth (n) = 70.9 75.9 74.6 cm
Neutral axis depth coefficient (n/D) = 0.900 0.900 0.900
Angle at the centre of the circle (a) = 4.996 4.996 4.996 radian
Distance of centroid of cracked section from centre of circle = 2.901 2.901 2.901 cm
Cross-sectional area of cracked section = 10721 10721 10721 cm
2
Moment of inertia of cracked section about its own centroid = 8439034 8439034 8439034 cm
4
Effective area of cracked section = 13524 13524 13524 cm

2
Eccentricity of load from the centroid of the effective section = 2.30 2.30 2.30 cm
d = 53.96 50.19 53.96 cm
Effective moment of inetria of cracked section = 12320349 12320349 12320349 cm
4
Calculated distance of neutral axis below CGeff (ycal) = 16.88 18.15 16.88 cm
Assumed distance of neutral axis below CGeff (yassumed) = 13.24 18.15 16.88 cm Macro 13
ycal-yassum = 3.65 0.00 0.00 cm
Stress at neutral axis = 0 0 0 cm
Compressive stress in concrete (scbc) = 55.19 39.00 55.19 kg/cm
2
OK
Tensile stress in steel (ssbt) = -288.12 -191.45 -288.12 kg/cm
2 OK
Ductile Detailing
Maximum Vertical Load on Pile for Strength Check = 4614 kN
Dia of Ties 'ft' = 16 mm
Area of Shear Reinf 'Asv' = 201.06 mm
2
Dia of Conc core 'Dsp' = 1050 mm

Area of Concrete 'Ac' = 1130973 mm
2
Area of Concrete Core 'Acc' = 865901 mm

2
Normalised axial force 'hk' = NED/Ac.fck = 0.117 Confinement Reinf Required Eq 17.1, IRC 112
Reqd. Qty of Confining Reinf 'ww.req' = 0.108 Eq 17.6, IRC 112
Actual Qty of Confining Reinf 'wwd' = 0.213 mm
2 Eq 17.2, IRC 112
Spacing of ties to be provided in Lh 'SL' = 100 mm
Volumetric Ratio 'rw'= 4x Asv/(Dsp x SL) = 0.008 Eq 17.4, IRC 112
Critical quantity of confining reinf 'wwd'w wd.c > max(1.4*ww.req ; 0.18) = 0.180 Eq 17.7, IRC 112
Status = OK
Max SL = 160 mm Cl 17.2.1.3, IRC 112
Status = OK
1/2
Min reinf ratio 'rw.min' = 0.72 x fck / fyk = 0.09 % Eq 16.5, IRC 112
Equivalent square side 'bw' = 1063 mm
Dia of Ties elsewhere 'ft' = 12 mm
Spacing of ties to be provided elsewhere 'SL' = 100 mm
Reinf ratio 'rw' = Asw /s.bw = 0.21 %
Status = OK
6. Check for Shear :
Data
Design Shear Force = 1371 kN
Equivalent Square of side = 1063 mm
Effective depth of the section = 987 mm
Charecteristic strength of reinforcement ( fyk ) = 500 Mpa Table 18.1, IRC 112
Partial factor for steel ( ϒs ) = 1.15 Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel ( Es ) = 200 Gpa Cl 6.2.2, IRC 112
a = 0.67 Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Design value for concrete compressive strength ( fcd = afck/ϒm ) = 15.63 MPa Cl 6.4.2.8, IRC 112
Dia of Shear Reinforcement ( f ) = 16 mm
Spacing of Reinforcement ( s ) or = 80 mm
Number of leg = 2
Reinforcement ( % ) = 0.038
Shear Resistance
0.33
Concrete Shear capacity VRd.c = [ 0.12K(80r1.fck) +0.15σcp]bd = 584 kN Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112
Min Conc Shear capacity nRd.c min = (nmin+0.15σcp)bd = 336 kN Cl 10.3.2, IRC 112
K = 1+sqrt(200/d) <=2 = 1.450 Eq 10.2, IRC 112
3/2
νmin = 0.031K fck
1/2 = 0.320 Eq 10.3, IRC 112
σcp = 0.00 MPa
r1 = At /bd <= 0.02 = 0.012
Status = Reinf Reqd
Members requiring Design shear reinforcement =
ϴ (in degree) = 45 °
Maximum Allowable Shear Stress = 4.160
Lever Arm = 638.421
Shear Stress at various section = 1.306
Status = OK
ϴ (in degree) = 21.80
Allowable Shear Stress corresponding to angle taken = 2.869
Status = OK
Change angle,if required = 21.80 °
Asw/s = 2.060
Providing Shear reinforcement = 5.027
Status = OK
Minimum Shear Reinf ratio for beam ( 0.072sqrt(fck)/fyk) = 0.906
Status = OK
Area of Shear Reinf ( Asw ) = 402 mm
2
Design yeild strength of Shear Reinf ( fywd = 0.8 fywk, fywk = fyk/gs ) = 348 Mpa
Cot q = 2.50
Steel Shear capacity VRd.s = ( Asw / s ) z fywd cot q = 3882 kN Eq 10.7, IRC 112
Status = OK
Max Shear capacity VRd.max = acwbzv1[fcd/(cot q + Tan q )] = 2710 kN Eq 10.8, IRC 112
v1 = = 0.53
acw = = 1.00
Minimum Shear Reinf ratio for beam ( 0.072sqrt(fck)/fyk) = 0.001
Status = OK

Abutment Design For 30m

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1.

Density of Concrete = 25 kN/m

Density of Wearing Coat(Cement Concrete) = 22 kN/m

Bulk Density of soil = 20 kN/m

Coefficient of Friction of Bearing ( m ) = 0.05

4. Dead Load Calculation of Superstructure :

Girder Nos B H Area No of Total Length Unit Total Wt

GIRDER IN TRANSITION ZONE

Dead Load of Cantilever Deck Slab at End

Dead Load of DIAPHRAGM

Crash Barrier and Kerb Etc

Load(kN) Dist(m) Load(kN) Dist(m)

1000 5.12 1000 5.12

Load(kN) Dist(m) Load(kN) Dist(m)

500 kN 5.71 500 kN 5.71

Max Reaction on Abutment ( RA ) = 410.1 kN No. of Class-A on Span 0

Load(kN) Dist(m) Load(kN) Dist(m)

2340 kN 9.00 2340 kN 9.00

Max Reaction on Abutment ( RA ) = 1654.1 kN No. of SV on Span 0

Finished Road Level 0.000 1.320 0.280

Foundation Base Lvl 0.00 0.000

18.00 2.050 1.000 2.050

0.50 29.8 0.50

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.)

LL Surcharge to be considered ( Yes - 1, No - 0 ) = 1 Curtailment Point 3.5 Above Foundation Base

Earth Pressure at Respective Level Below HFL = 0 0 kN/m

Total Earth Pressure Force at Resp Level Normal = 0 0 kN

Total Earth Pressure Force at Resp Level Normal = 23 23 kN

At Abutment Stem Base

At Abutment Stem Curtailment Point

9. Seismic force Calculation :

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.00 LL 1.00 EP 1.00

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

12. Summary of Loads for Strength Check of Pile Cap:

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.35 SIDL 1.75 LL 1.50 EP 1.50

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 LL 1.00 EP 1.00

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

14. Summary of Loads for Crack Width Check of Pile Cap:

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 EP 1.00

Longitudinal Moment due to Vertical Load considered wrt Foundation Center

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.)

17. Summary of Loads for Strength Check at Abutment:

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.35 SIDL 1.75 LL 1.50 EP 1.50

Load at Abutment Base

18. Summary of Loads for Stress Check at Abutment Base:

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 LL 1.00 EP 1.00

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) Result Mom

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) Result Mom

19. Summary of Loads for Crack Width Check at Abutment Base:

Load Factors in Normal Case DL 1.00 SIDL 1.20 EP 1.00

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) Result Mom

Vertical Load H. Load ( Long.) H.Load ( Trans.) Result Mom

Characteristic yield strength of steel fyk = 500 N/mm

Design compressive strength of concrete fcd = 15.63 N / mm

Material Safety Factor for Steel ϒs = 1.15

3.0 Design for Flexure Abutment Cap

Vertical Reinforcement at Inner Face of Stem Abutment Wall

Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d * (1- ( Ast fy ) / ( b d fck ))