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    Lesson 3.3: Graphs of Circular Functions and Situational Problems

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    Aerl Xuan
    This document discusses periodic functions and graphs of the sine and cosine functions. It defines a periodic function as one where the value repeats after a fixed period. The sine and cosine functions are periodic with a period of 2π, as the circumference of the unit circle is 2π. The document explains how to graph the sine function by plotting points from a table of x-values and their corresponding sin(x) values, using symmetry, and connecting them with a smooth curve. This results in the well-known sine wave pattern that repeats every 2π units.

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    Lesson 3.3: Graphs of Circular Functions and Situational Problems

    Uploaded by

    Aerl Xuan
    29 views5 pages
    This document discusses periodic functions and graphs of the sine and cosine functions. It defines a periodic function as one where the value repeats after a fixed period. The sine and cosine functions are periodic with a period of 2π, as the circumference of the unit circle is 2π. The document explains how to graph the sine function by plotting points from a table of x-values and their corresponding sin(x) values, using symmetry, and connecting them with a smooth curve. This results in the well-known sine wave pattern that repeats every 2π units.

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    circular functions

    Original Title

    L11

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    This document discusses periodic functions and graphs of the sine and cosine functions. It defines a periodic function as one where the value repeats after a fixed period. The sine and cosine functions are periodic with a period of 2π, as the circumference of the unit circle is 2π. The document explains how to graph the sine function by plotting points from a table of x-values and their corresponding sin(x) values, using symmetry, and connecting them with a smooth curve. This results in the well-known sine wave pattern that repeats every 2π units.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    29 views5 pages

    Lesson 3.3: Graphs of Circular Functions and Situational Problems

    Uploaded by

    Aerl Xuan
    This document discusses periodic functions and graphs of the sine and cosine functions. It defines a periodic function as one where the value repeats after a fixed period. The sine and cosine functions are periodic with a period of 2π, as the circumference of the unit circle is 2π. The document explains how to graph the sine function by plotting points from a table of x-values and their corresponding sin(x) values, using symmetry, and connecting them with a smooth curve. This results in the well-known sine wave pattern that repeats every 2π units.

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    You are on page 1of 5

    Lesson 3.

    3
    Graphs of Circular Functions
    and Situational
    Problems
    3.3.1 Graphs of y = sin x and y = cos x
    Periodic Functions
    Many things in daily life repeat with a predictable
    pattern: in warm areas
    electricity use goes up in summer and down in
    winter,
    the price of fresh fruit goes down
    in summer and up in winter, and attendance at
    amusement parks increases in spring
    and declines in autumn. Because the sine and
    cosine functions repeat their values in a
    regular pattern, they a
    re periodic functions. Figure
    3.24
    shows a sine graph that
    represents a normal heartbeat.
    Periodic Function
    A periodic function is a function f such that
    푓
    (
    푥
    )
    =
    푓
    (
    푥
    +
    푛푝
    )
    ,
    for every real number x in the domain of f, every
    integer n, and some positive
    real
    number p. The smallest possible positive value of p
    is the period of the
    function.
    The circumference of the unit circle is
    2π,
    so the smallest value of p for which
    the sine and cosine functions repeat is
    2π.
    Therefore, the sine and cosine functions are
    pe
    ri
    odic functions with period 2π.
    Graph of the Sine Function
    In Lesson 3
    .1 we saw that for a real number s, the point on the
    unit circle
    corresponding to s has coordinat
    es (cos s, sin s). See Figure 3.25
    . Trace along the circle
    to verify the results shown
    in the table.
    Figure 3.24
    To avoid confusion when graphing the sine function,
    we use x rather than s; this
    corresponds to the letters in the xy
    -
    coordinate system. Selecting key values of x and
    fi
    nding the corresponding values
    of sin x
    leads to the table in Figure 3.26
    . To obtain th
    e
    traditional graph in Figure 3.26
    , we plot the points from the table, use symmetry,
    and join
    them with a smooth curve. Since
    y = sin x
    is periodic with period
    2π
    and has domain
    (
    −
    ∞
    ,
    ∞
    )
    , the graph cont
    inues in the same pattern in both directions. This
    graph is called
    a sine wave or sinusoid.
    Sine Function
    풇
    (
    풙
    )
    =
    퐬퐢퐧
    풙
    Domain:
    −
    ∞
    ,
    ∞
    Range:
    [
    −
    1
    ,
    1
    ]
    Figure 3.25
    Figure 3.26

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