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CHARTING

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Session Objectives

▪ Explain the benefits of charts

▪ Discuss various chart types

✓ Link Analysis Chart

✓ Event Flow Chart

✓ Commodity Flow Chart

▪ Develop an Association Matrix

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Purpose

Charts can be used to clarify data

describing multiple relationships among
people, organisations and/or other
entities

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Collation
Dissemination
Intelligence
Oral briefing product
Feedback

Task
Draft the definition Planning &
product direction
Intelligence
Analysis Descriptions,
explanations
project plan

and/or predictions
Information
New insights or collection plan
meaning developed

Check for
discrepancies or gaps Internal and external
requests for
Organisation in information
preparation for analysis
Storage Source
information
Evaluation of the
information
Collection
Collation
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How can a Chart help?

Ever hear the term ‘a picture paints a

thousand words?’

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Using Charts for Intelligence

▪ Helps to assemble and organise information

▪ Assists initial analysis and identification of
areas of interest
▪ Identifies and infers relationships

▪ Identifies assumptions and information gaps

▪ Visual tool to communicate large volumes of
information

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Charting Rules

Charts should be clear, concise and easy for the

person viewing them to understand

All charts should include:

• Security Classification
• Case, Operation or Project Name
• Charting Officers Name
• Date the diagram was constructed/amended
• Legend

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 Juan UPEGUI
Helmer "Pacho"
HERRERA CO Cocaine Supplier Operation TRAINING
Cali Cartel

Jose
ALVAREZ TOSTADO Primitivo
"Compadre"
Lorena Martin
ALCALA NAVARRO

Humberto & Oscar "Dr." Victor Manuel FAMILY Sergio

SAAVEDRA ALCALA NAVARRO ALCALA
CO money launderers narcotics & money NAVARRO
coordinator

Roberto
OROZCO
FERNANDEZ Bankers in Mexico
MFJP (Op. Check Mark)

ALFREDO'S
Chicago Cells

Lucio
GONZALEZ

Lucio's Restaurant

Hector Mario
NFI NFI

Edelmira Pedro $20 million in pickup money

ALVAREZ MACIAS

Chuy Carlos Fernando El Indio El Mongol Enano Fito Pipo

Correct as at 01.02.14 NFI NFI NFI NFI NFI NFI NFI
NFI In Confidence
Prepared by F/A Brown
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Types of Charts

▪ Link Analysis

▪ Event Flow Diagram

▪ Commodity Flow

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Link Analysis Chart

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Link Link Analysis Charthart

The link analysis chart is useful in showing how

person and non-person entities are related (for
example in a criminal syndicate)

Can be done either manually or through a

computer software program

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Link Analysis Chart

▪ Assemble the information

▪ Identify the key entities
✓ people, businesses, companies, premises,
vehicles, vessels, or telephones
✓ categorise as people or non-people entities

▪ Keep other entities aside for future reference

✓ Do not dismiss an entity just because you
have limited information on them

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Association Matrix
▪ Displays relationships between entities

▪ Entities shown as either people, or non-people

entities
✓ cars, premises, phones, businesses

▪ Commodities are not shown in the association matrix

▪ Used as a tool to avoid missing important information

▪ Assists with identifying information gaps

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 Example - Association Matrix
Links
across

Links
Down
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Association matrix codes

Confirmed link: individuals

Unconfirmed link: individuals

Confirmed link: non-people entity

Unconfirmed link: non-people entity

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Matrix Construction

▪ List the entities according to category

alphabetically down the diagonal axis
✓ restrict to people and non-people entities

▪ Go through the list (both across and down) and

highlight where relationships exist

▪ Do not put a marking where no relationship exists

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Association matrix
Links
across

Links
Down

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Association matrix
Links
across

Links
Down

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Linking

Confirm relationships through:

✓ Surveillance observation
✓ Special projects material (CCRs)
✓ Information from a reliable utility agency
✓ Information from credible witnesses

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Checking the Matrix

▪ Go through the matrix and count the number of

relationships for each entity

▪ Write the number of relationships below the

relevant column under the entity

▪ Count the relationships both across and down

the corresponding rows and columns
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Association matrix
Links
across

3 3 3 2 1
Links
Down

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Link chart layout

OZ
TEXTILE
EVANS IMPORTS

1 TAWTON STREET

Broken lines Solid lines

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Preliminary Diagram

OZ TEXTILE
PETERS
IMPORTS

FISHER

EVANS

1 TAWTON STREET

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Refine Diagram

▪ Refining the diagram enables it to be easily

interpreted

▪ Simplify the diagram

✓ produce combinations of symbols to show

relationships

✓ Avoid lines crossing each other where

possible

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Link chart layout

OZ
TEXTILE
EVANS IMPORTS

1 TAWTON STREET

Broken lines Solid lines

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Preliminary Diagram

OZ TEXTILE
PETERS
IMPORTS

FISHER

EVANS

1 TAWTON STREET

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Link chart layout

Entity Entity A

Person

Person

Entity B

Entity

Person

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Entity 2
Link chart layout

Person C

Entity 1

Person B Person A

Entity B

Entity A
Person 3

Person 1

Person 2

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Link Chart (final)

OZ
PETERS TEXTILE
IMPORTS

EVANS FISHER

1 TAWTON STREET

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Link Analysis Tools

• Analyst Notebook

Specialist and International

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Training
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Event Flow Chart

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Event Flow Chart

▪ Displays evolution of events in chronological
order

▪ Assists in understanding the relationship in

time between particular events – where time
may be the only linking factor

▪ May identify future criminal behaviour or

trends

▪ Can highlight information gaps

▪ Can assist in developing inferences

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Event Flow Chart Preparation

▪ Select the information dealing with individual
events within the activity

▪ Sort the information chronologically

▪ Write an event in each box, including

✓ Date
✓ Description of event
✓ Admiralty grading of information
✓ Reference (IR number)

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Event Flow Chart Template

Description of event
Reference Number
Date

Case Officer :
Signature :
Prepared by :
Date :

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Event Flow Chart

▪ Go through the sequence and identify any

missing events that should have occurred in
sequence - these are your information gaps

▪ When events occur simultaneously, illustrate

the simultaneous events with divided paths

▪ Attach outcomes to events by attaching a box

to the event to highlight result

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Event Flow Chart Example

PROTECTED
Meeting A &B A Travels Qingdao A Meets C

C Meets Supply A Returns B Sends $ to C Drugs Loaded

Vessel to Aust Australia Drugs Stored A Gives $ to B

Case Officer: FA Mathews Operation TANGENT

Prepared by: FA Mathews
Date: 3/2/99
PROTECTED

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Event chart example

JOHNS JOHNS seen at Handover of small

meets HILL’s cash package to JOHNS
HILL remittance business in Sunshine, VIC

ASH ASH seen at HILL’s Funds transferred to Handover of small

meets cash remittance unknown beneficiary package to ASH in
HILL business in Guangzhou China Sunshine, VIC

EVANS seen at Handover of small

HILL’s cash package to EVANS
remittance business in Sunshine, VIC

15 August 18 August 22 August 30 August

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Commodity Flow Chart

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Commodity Flow Chart

▪ Criminal activity usually involves some type of

commodity

▪ Understanding the flow of the commodity can

help you to understand the criminal
organisation
✓ identify key persons who trade and sell
✓ identify transaction movements

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Commodity Flow Chart Preparation

▪ Identify commodities involved
▪ Identify transactions that need to occur for
the commodity to move from one place to
another
▪ Identify the people responsible for moving
the commodity
▪ Illustrate the flow of the commodity with an
arrowed line between entities and locations

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COMMODITY FLOW CHART

Commodity Flow Chart Example

OPERATION / PROJECT ........

LOS ANGELES
MIAMI

BUENOS
AIRES

?
BRISBANE

SYDNEY

CASE OFFICER : ........

PREPARED BY : .........
DATE : ...../...../..... A.F.P. HIGHLY PROTECTED

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Charting Summary

▪ Charts need to be clear (not fancy)

▪ Technology is helpful but not essential

▪ Highlight information gaps and future lines of

enquiry

▪ Ensure the chart stays up to date with the latest

information

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Session Outcomes

▪ Explain the benefits of charts

▪ Discuss various chart types

✓ Link Analysis Chart

✓ Event Flow Chart

✓ Commodity Flow Chart

▪ Develop an Association Matrix

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QUESTIONS

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CHARTING
EXERCISE

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Using the information

you have been given to create:

Association Matrix
Link Analysis chart
Event or Commodity Flow chart

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