Student Name

Student No.

7101ICT
Trimester n, 202n

Professional Issues Assignment 2

When we operate in this professional atmosphere, we frequently encounter

professional challenges. These can both, directly and indirectly, cause issues with job
completion. These problems are both deliberate and unintended. The topics are
examined and debated in line with EDM, and choices are made with good reasoning.

Due Date: time, dd/mm/yy

Lecturer: David Tuffley
Campus (NA, LG, GC):
Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

Contents
1. Introduction 2

2. Analysis 4
2.1. Legal factors...............................................................................4
2.1.1. Scenario 2.1.........................................................................4
2.2. Professional factors....................................................................4
2.2.1. Scenario 2.1.........................................................................4
2.3. Employment and Social factors..................................................4
2.3.1. Scenario 2.1.........................................................................4
2.4. Personal factors..........................................................................5
2.4.1. Scenario 2.1.........................................................................5
2.5. Intrinsic factors............................................................................5
2.5.1. Scenario 2.1.........................................................................5
2.6. Prioritisation................................................................................6
2.6.1. Scenario 2.1.........................................................................6
2.7. Decision......................................................................................7
2.7.1. Scenario 2.1.........................................................................7

3. Discussion 8
3.1.1. Scenario 2.1.........................................................................8

4. Conclusions on Analysis 9
4.1.1. Scenario 2.1.........................................................................9

1. Evidencing Your Competencies 10

1.1. ICT Professional Knowledge – Ethics and Professional
Expectations........................................................................................10
1.2. ICT Professional Knowledge....................................................11
1.3. Technology Building: Human Factors.......................................11
1.4. ICT Management: IT Project Management..............................13
1.5. Final Comments........................................................................16

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

1. Introduction

In the corporate world, we frequently confront a plethora

of concerns and concerns. The majority of the time, these
concerns develop as a result of neglect, but they can also
be intentional. The true problem is identifying these
concerns and attempting to fix them in compliance with
the law, professional behavior, and other criteria. A lot of
studies have been conducted on this topic, and the results
of their study have supplied us with some insight into the
shape of numerous models that have been used to solve
a variety of professional challenges.
In this paper, we looked at a case study from the ACS
Code of Professional Conduct Case Study. The case
study is examined using the Ethical Decision Model and
went through three phases to obtain a decision. This
includes analysis, prioritizing, and decision-making.
Finally, a feasible solution to this dilemma has been
presented.
Toby is a full-stack web developer working in the Brisbane
IT industry. His boss, Alec Smith, quits leaving a
management vacuum that Toby sees himself filling. Two
of Toby's developers are not competent enough to
perform the work he needs to do. Toby decides to replace
one of the developers with a proven performer. The
project is then put on hold and Toby is told to get the work
delivered on time or else.
The developer is angry and confrontational that his
contract will not be renewed. Toby does things "by the
book" and organizes a Performance Review. But the
project is not delivered on schedule and an internal audit
is carried out to find the reasons for the slippage. Toby is
then asked to retract his proposed performance review in
a closed meeting. Alec contacts Toby soon after and asks
him to retract the proposed review as he, Alec, might want
to re-hire Dev A for future projects.
Toby refuses both requests. Not long after this, the project
was surprisingly placed on hold. Toby was approached by
another senior development manager, Ben, to come work
for him. A job interview was arranged but the day before it
was cancelled due to a bad report. Toby later found out
from a reliable source that it was Alec calling in a favor.
Toby eventually finds another job, though the rumor about
him being incompetent took some time to live down. He
goes to work for a competitor of the original e-commerce
company.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

A month into his new job, the CEO invites him to lunch at
an exclusive men's club. Over dessert, the CEO
compliments Toby on his performance and hints that he
might have a promising career ahead. The boss then
casually suggests that a detailed insider report on his
earlier employer's pricing strategy on IT projects might be
of 'some use' when bidding in future tenders. Also, about
hiring someone Toby knows, Alec Smith.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

2. Analysis

2.1. Legal factors

2.1.1. Scenario 2.1

Informing management: Alec needed to inform the
management about the unethical behavior and
unreliability of the developer.
Breach of agreement with the company by Alec: Alec
recruited developer A who did not have the appropriate
skills and did things according to his interest.

2.2. Professional factors

2.2.1. Scenario 2.1

Misrepresentation of the skills: Alec Smith misrepresents
the skills or knowledge of developer A and had a personal
interest.
Violation of ACS code of ethics: Alec broke the
professional code by hiring someone who had his interest
rather than the company.
Indulging in dishonest practices: Alec was being not going
by the book for the performance review of this team.

2.3. Employment and Social factors

2.3.1. Scenario 2.1

Accountability and transparency: Alec must commit to
using due diligence, care, and attention. Alec should be
dedicated to utilizing public resources in an efficient and
accountable manner. Alec should have been committed to
managing information as transparently as possible within
the legal context.
Public Interest: Identify individuals who may be influenced
by your work and openly consider their interests; discuss
with stakeholders any potential conflicts between your
professional activity and legal or other acceptable public
obligations and notify our stakeholders as soon as
feasible if you have any conflicts of interest or
conscientious objections. The above-mentioned actions
Alec should have taken.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

Preference for personal gains over others: Alec had his

gains rather than the company’s interest to get a
competent developer to work on the task to deliver the
project.

2.4. Personal factors

2.4.1. Scenario 2.1

Promote for personal benefits: As developer A was a
friend of Alec, he paid them more than the salary an
average developer need.
Fair analysis: Alec did not do a fair analysis of his team
member, being a leader, he should have pointed the skills
and knowledge needed to complete the task.

2.5. Intrinsic factors

2.5.1. Scenario 2.1

Dishonest: Alec was not being honest about his intentions
to the company as he was doing all unethical actions.
Manipulative behavior: Alec tried to manipulate and
influence toby for his interest even after leaving the
company.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

2.6. Prioritisation

2.6.1. Scenario 2.1

Factor Related Issue

1 Breach of agreement with the company by Personal interests and
Alec (Legal) favoritism
2 Informing management (Legal) Informing senior
management about the
problem in the project at
the stage when he
discovers.
3 Violation of ACS code of ethics Not following the code.
(Professional)
4 Misrepresentation of the skills (Professional) Asking favors and not
going by the books.
5 Indulging in dishonest practices Unprofessional towards
(Professional) the company.
6 Accountability and transparency No transparency
(Employment and Social factors)
7 Public Interest (Employment and Social Conflicts between your
factors) professional activity and
legal.
8 Preference of personal gains over others Personal gains rather
(Employment and Social factors) than the company’s
interest.
9 Fair analysis (Personal) A fair review of the
subordinates.
10 Promote for personal benefits (Personal) He paid them more than
the salary an average
developer need
11 Dishonest (Intrinsic) Unethical actions
12 Manipulative behavior (Intrinsic) Manipulate and
influence juniors.

Table 1: Priority List Scenario 1

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

2.7. Decision

2.7.1. Scenario 2.1

Toby should make a decision based on all the above
factors and explain the conflicts and issues to the
management. Alec hired developer A, who lacked the
necessary abilities and acted only in his self-interest. Alec
was more concerned with his benefit than with the
company's need to hire a professional developer to
complete the project.
Alec was not being honest with the corporation about his
objectives, as he was engaging in all unethical
behavior. Even after leaving the organization, Alec
attempted to control and influence Toby. Alec needed to
notify management about the developer's
performance actions and unreliability. As a leader, Alec
should have pointed out the abilities and expertise
required to perform the work. Because developer A was
Alec's friend, he paid them more than the usual developer
wage.
A professional in this position must notify the client as
soon as possible about any conflicts of interest that have
emerged as a result of this activity. The professional may
believe that his method is flawless, but the ACS code of
ethics requires that a person be truthful from the start. IT
experts should ensure that their clients are aware of all of
their possibilities. They should also avoid expert
suggestions that benefitted them rather than the
customer.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

3. Discussion

3.1.1. Scenario 2.1

Toby works in the Brisbane IT sector as a full-stack web
developer. Toby's employer, Alec Smith, resigns, leaving a
managerial void that he sees himself filling. Toby arranges
a Performance Review, but the job is not completed on
time. In a confidential meeting, he is then requested to
rescind his suggested performance review. Toby finally
finds another employment, but the myth about his
incompetence takes some time to dispel. He starts
working for a rival e-commerce business, and the CEO
asks him to lunch at an elite men's club. The CEO argues
that a comprehensive insider report on his previous
employer's pricing approach on IT projects may be
‘somewhat useful' when bidding. A comprehensive insider
report on his previous employer's pricing approach on IT
projects, according to the CEO, might be "quite useful"
when bidding on future contracts. Toby eventually learns
from a trustworthy source that it was Alec who called in
favor.
Alec must commit to exercising caution, care, and
attention. Alec should be committed to employing public
resources responsibly and efficiently. Alec should have
been devoted to managing information in the legal
environment as transparently as feasible. Identify persons
who could be impacted by your work and examine their
interests honestly; address with stakeholders any
potential conflicts between your professional activity and
legal or other appropriate public duties; and tell our
stakeholders as soon as possible if you have any conflicts
of interest or conscientious objections. Alec should have
performed the measures listed above.
Ethical Decision Making: The ACS Code of professional
conduct talks about the Primacy of the Public Interest will
prioritize the public's interests over personal, economic, or
sectional interests. The Enhancement of Quality of Life
will seek to improve the lives of individuals impacted by
your work. Sincerity You will be truthful in your portrayal of
talents, information, services, and goods. Competence
will provide competent and devoted service to your
stakeholders. Professional Growth will benefit both your
personal and your staff's professional development.
Professionalism will strengthen the ACS's integrity and its
members' regard for one another.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

4. Conclusions on Analysis

The purpose of this paper is to explain the research

methodology and results of a case learning activity
involving a distinct situation using an ethical choice
model. This report is primarily concerned with determining
an appropriate solution to a complicated situation. This
activity, like assignment one, is divided into three phases:
analysis, prioritizing, and choice.

4.1.1. Scenario 2.1

Toby is a full-stack web developer working in the Brisbane
IT industry. His boss, Alec Smith, quits leaving a
management vacuum that Toby sees himself filling. Toby
does things "by the book" and organizes a Performance
Review. The project is not delivered on schedule and an
internal audit is carried out to find the reasons for the
slippage. Toby is then asked to retract his proposed
performance review in a closed meeting he refuses.
Toby eventually finds another job, though the rumor about
him being incompetent took some time to live down. The
CEO of the original e-commerce company invites Toby to
lunch at an exclusive men's club and suggests he might
have a promising career ahead. He then casually
suggests that a detailed insider report on his earlier
employer's pricing strategy on IT projects might be of
'some use' when bidding in future tenders.
Alec recruited developer A, who lacked the essential skills
and simply looked out for himself. Alec was more
concerned with his gain than with the necessity for the
corporation to engage a professional developer to finish
the project. Alec was not being truthful with the business
about his goals, and he was participating in unethical
activity. Alec sought to manage and influence Toby even
after he left the group.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

1. Evidencing Your Competencies

1.1. ICT Professional Knowledge – Ethics and

Professional Expectations

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

In today's competitive world and international

environments, ethical standards and ethical
understanding are increasingly regarded as one of the
most significant focal points of attention. This is
recognized not just by a lot of corporate groups, but also
by philosophers and writers. It has been discovered and
noticed in recent years that there is a progressive
transition in the employee's style of thinking and
functioning. Organizations are highlighting increasingly
highlighting the need of creating and integrating an
environment that combines ethical standards and
corporate principles. This will assist these firms in
establishing a more pleasant and productive working
environment. This will assist these firms in creating a
friendlier and productive working atmosphere, and
therefore, disputes and issues between employees and
supervisors will be greatly decreased. This will eventually
lead to the formation of productive and successful
workplaces for employees in these firms. Employees
having a foundation in ethics may readily handle
challenges that arise during their careers. Problems are
unavoidable, thus having prior knowledge on how to
manage an issue in a certain context is critical. Dealing
with such difficulties effectively will result in a high
turnover rate, which will serve as an enzyme in the
organization. Dealing with such challenges effectively will
result in a high turnover rate, which will work as an
enzyme in the company's growth and provide a
competitive advantage over competitors. This
demonstrates its significance in individuals' professional
learning.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

1.2. ICT Professional Knowledge

We are living in an age of information technology, which
has altered the way we work and live. The Ethical
Technologist chapter provided me with a thorough grasp
of how modern technologies are shaping humanity's
destiny. In this course, I've seen a variety of information
technology scenarios involving corporations, IT experts,
and other personnel. I learned how to be self-actualized
and how to overcome difficulties that may arise in future
work fields.
This ethics course's learning and information aid students
in their learning phase of how to work in real-life
circumstances. This aids in the development and adoption
of proper ethical approaches and standards, which aid in
the enhancement and enhancement of their personality
as well as acknowledgment in the professional working
environment.

1.3. General ICT Knowledge: Technology

Building: Human Factors
When I talk about myself, I see a strong difference
between the now me and the previous me. The voyage of
my conduct and attitude before and after the experience
of this ethical training is extremely wonderful and
improved. In other words, the experience of learning this
topic was completely different from the other courses I
was taught this semester. To simplify my argument, this
issue is opposed to its counterparts. This topic provided
me with a thorough understanding as well as a clear
reflection of all the potential ethical ways I might employ if
I were in one of those scenarios. Various instances
demonstrated how we may incorporate and modify things
in the workplace. The beauty of ethical approaches and
standards is that they may be simply incorporated into
both personnel and professional settings.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

After taking this course, I learned how important it is to

understand the importance of ethical behavior in the
professional working environment. This ethics course
broadened my knowledge and use of the phrase ethical
analysis. This demonstrates how readily we can apply this
to our daily lives as well as our personal lives. As a result
of what we learn in this course, we may better our
understanding of our people's objectives and
requirements. I'd want to declare unequivocally that
before taking this course, I had little care for ethics or
anything else.
In Addition, I discovered a few key principles of a code of
ethical conduct. This taught me how to use technology
successfully while without harming any other being or
civilization. In addition, I became acquainted with the
language used in the IT business. It is noteworthy to note
that many individuals misuse the system by moving
information from one device to another, hacking the portal
and website, which is referred to as property theft, piracy,
and so on.
I've also learned that, in addition to being faithful to avoid
causing harm to others, it's critical to keep data protected.
In the future classes, I learned a lot about what an ethical
technologist should be like. Getting proactive and
accountable is essential in any stressful circumstances.
Second, to be successful, you must keep an open mind,
prepare ahead of time, look for synergies, and strive for
continual development.
I used to pay little or no attention to ethics and the best
course of action to adopt in particular situations. One
example I can offer you is that in group work, I tend to
impose my views and notions on others. As a result, my
group members grew resentful of me and finally refused
to work with me.
I was only upset by this since I was used to finding
another way around. But one thing is certain: most of the
time, we would wind up with clashes and disagreements
as a group. This was all because we all lacked a
fundamental knowledge of ethics and standards. This
training made me understand how critical it is to study and
apply ethical principles in the workplace. This course
helped me understand how vital it is to study and
implement ethical norms in everyday life because failure
to do so might have disastrous consequences.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

The ethical decision model is the most significant topic in

this entire course, and I applied it in both of my
assignments. The author's key point in emphasizing this
approach is that he believes that simplifying is the best
method to deal with an issue. As a result, this approach
has three stages: analysis, prioritizing, and decision. This
approach caused the case studies to be divided into
phases to better grasp the events and arrive at an exact
answer.

1.4. ICT Professional Knowledge: Ethics

The ACS code of ethics case studies that we were
assigned to examine in our projects was one of the things
that impressed me the most during this course. These
case studies included multiple instances that depicted
various circumstances that we, as IT professionals, are
guaranteed to confront as we begin our careers. The
ethical choice model that we taught is also a highly useful
approach for evaluating a situation and considering all
available considerations. This assists us in resolving a
certain issue, and we know exactly what line of action to
follow following the ACS code. The normative ideas were
also excellent.
It is vital to note that the Australian Computer Society has
a set of norms for IT workers that include things like
honesty, secrecy, objectivity, competence, subordination,
and so on. I've discovered that each IT developer or user
can have nine substantial gaps in getting along with each
other. Furthermore, I gained a thorough understanding of
many ethical theories such as relativism, Kantianism,
utilitarianism, and Buddhism, among others.
The Utilitarian Approach evaluates an activity based on its
consequences or outcomes, that is, the net benefits and
costs to all stakeholders on an individual level. It seeks to
do the best for the largest number of people while causing
the least amount of harm or averting the greatest amount
of suffering. It maintains that while making a choice, every
entity's interest should be regarded equally, including
those of other species because they are likewise capable
of suffering.
As a result, given every set of possibilities, the most
ethical choice would be the one that creates the best
balance of benefits over damage for the greatest number
of stakeholders. Outcomes can be measured in words
such as content. Outcomes can be measured in terms
such as satisfaction and suffering, the relative worth of
individual preferences, monetary gain or loss, or the
short-term and long-term impacts of an activity.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

Kant's moral philosophy is a deontological normative

theory, which means that he opposes the utilitarian view
that the rightness of an action is determined by its
fruitfulness. He claims that the moral value of an action is
determined by its purpose (or means) rather than its
outcome (or goal). To live ethically, one should never use
another human being as a means to an aim. Human
beings differ from other kinds of physical life due to their
unique ability to think.
“Without rationality, the cosmos would be a waste, in vain,
and without purpose,” Kant stated. The only way to
maintain such awareness, which is unique to the cosmos
or, at the very least, the Earth, is to respect all individuals
as ends in themselves. It is OK to consume food to satisfy
hunger, but theft is prohibited since it deprives the owner
of her private property.
Kant promotes a strict definition of morality, requiring that
virtue be universal. Regardless of one's circumstances,
stealing is wrong. Murder is illegal, even in self-defense.
This objectivity is Kant's most striking and contentious
theory, as it calls into question the foundations of
civilization since Aristotle.
Kant, on the other hand, is neither a masochist nor an
anarchist. He recognizes that for civilization to survive, a
student must utilize herself to achieve excellent marks
and her professor to get information. This is where he
presents the concept of respect as being fundamental to
mankind, as opposed to feelings such as love, pity, or
altruism. Respect, unlike love, does not discriminate.
Because one is human, one needs to be respected. Kant
termed it the Formula for Humanity, and it is still by far his
least contentious formulation.
Buddhist practices are ways for people to express their
devotion to the Buddha via rituals, festivals, various forms
of meditation, and retreats. Rituals are a visual means for
Buddhists to display their beliefs in Buddhist practices.
Buddhists' behavior is governed by several ethical
precepts. These teachings influence Buddhists' daily lives
and show them how their acts in the present might alter
their future.
Buddhists think that their current acts will have an
influence on their happiness in the future. This is known
as karma, and it motivates Buddhists to be giving, kind,
and compassionate to others. It has an impact on a
Buddhist's rebirth because Buddhists strive to ensure that
every action they take is correct (according to the doctrine
known as the Eightfold Path) to escape the cycle of
samsara and be reborn in a better place.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

Karuna is a Buddhist term meaning compassion.

Compassion is an important aspect of a Buddhist's
spiritual journey, and they strive to express compassion
for everyone in the world who is suffering. Buddhists
acknowledge the existence of sorrow in the world. Karuna
emphasizes that Buddhists should care for others while
simultaneously seeking to alleviate their suffering.
Metta is a Japanese word that signifies "loving
compassion." Buddhists strive to be loving and
compassionate to others and themselves without
expecting anything in return. This unselfish attitude is
crucial to Buddhists because it helps them conquer the
Three Poisons of ignorance, greed, and hate.
The five moral precepts are the five principles that
Buddhists adhere to to lead ethical and moral lifestyles.
They also aid Buddhists in their battle against the Three
Poisons.
The five moral commandments are as follows: to abstain
from taking life, i.e. decapitating any living creature, to
abstain from taking what is not freely given, i.e. stealing,
to abstain from sensual misbehavior or sexual
misconduct, i.e. overindulging in sex or committing sexual
crimes, to abstain from improper speech, i.e. lying or
gossiping, to abstain from intoxicants that cloud the mind,
i.e. drugs or alcohol. Because Buddhists do not believe in
a deity, the five precepts are guidelines for life rather than
commands provided by a divinity. In order to gain
enlightenment, a Buddhist must desire to act morally.
I discovered a couple of additional crucial aspects of self-
actualization. A self-aware individual, often known as an
ethical person, may gladly do the task. Maslow
recognizes the accomplishment of self-actualization as a
human necessity. He demonstrated, using an illustration,
how a person should feel things thoroughly, broadly,
securely, and wisely.
In the later stages of being a self-aware individual, I have
also witnessed how a person may turn wicked and
humanity's dual nature. A few instances helped me grasp
how tough it is to be true to oneself when everyone else
behaves differently. Furthermore, the two theories in the
realm of moral growth are Kohlberg's model and the
common denominator. The Kohlberg model is more suited
to dealing with moral quandaries, and the common
denominator is concerned with cultures. Finally, artificial
intelligence is the cognitive science that will usher in
intelligent robots in the future.

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Professional Issues Assignment Introduction

The other most engaging aspect of this course is the

assignment. Unlike all traditional assignments, this course
has always provided fresh case studies in which I was
confronted with a variety of circumstances that helped me
understand the many prospects of the IT business. Aside
from professional concerns, personal difficulties that arise
between employees are also a priority to address. We
employed an ethical choice model to prioritize these
concerns based on their relevance and weightage. This
allowed me to thoroughly comprehend each research and
create a solution based on the issue that was prioritized.

1.5. Final Comments

The ethical training equipped me with the necessary
practical approach to resolving ethical issues. Issues are
natural occurrences that are unavoidable regardless of
the environmental conditions. Ethical standards teach us
the proper method to solve problems and come up with a
solution. Ethical standards are not limited to adopting a
polite and pleasant attitude toward others, including group
members, co-workers, or friends. However, it is a
universal notion that applies to all parts of our existence. It
comprises all of the norms as well as minor details such
as values and so on. They all work together to form a
unified force that allows the company to operate more
efficiently.
To summarize, I believe that this course will serve as a
scaffold for me in the future. It would assist me in making
a seamless transition to practical life. I am confident
enough to state that if I ever find myself in a position, I will
be able to utilize the skills I gained in this course and try
to find an effective solution to that problem.

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