Definition of hadith:

“A collection of traditions containing sayings of the Prophet Muhmmad which,

with accounts of his daily practice (the Sunnah), constitute the major source of
guidance for Muslims apart from the Holy Quran.”

Classification of Hadith:
 Qauli Hadith
 Fi’ali Hadith
 Taqriri Hadith
Qauli Hadith:
What Prophet said and spoke himself.
Fi’ali Hadith:
The action of Prophet what he performed and demonstrated.
Taqriri Hadith:
Which comes from Prophet (PBUH) silence regarding any action.
Era of compilation:
The history of the compilation of Hadith may be broadly divided into four stages:
1. The first Period relates to the period of the Prophet till 10 A.H.
2. The second Period is approximately from 11 A.H. to 100 A.H. This is the
period of Sahaba, the companions of the Prophet.
3. The third Period is from about 101 to nearly 200 A.H. This is the period of
the Tabiun, the disciples of the companions of the Prophet.
4. The fourth Period is roughly from 200 A.H. to 300 A.H. This is the period
of Taba Tabiun, the disciples of the disciples.
The Protection and Preservation Of ahadeeth Came Out In Three ways :
1.The ummah acting upon the Ahadeeth.
2.Memorization and writing.
3.Narrating and teaching ahadeeth in study circles.
Using these methods compilation and writing of ahadeeth over time can be
classified into four periods. They are:

The First Period

This era extended from the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) up until the
first century.In this period ahadeeth were gathered by teaching,memorisations and
compilations.

The details of this are:

The Written Works Of The First Period

In first era Hadith was no write because in starting period of Islam Prophet
(PBUH) forbid Sahabah (R.A) to write Ahadith. Bt this forbidden was short time
because people did’t mix up Qur’an and Hadith. After some time Rasul Ullah
(SAW) permission to people to write Ahadith. A companion of prophet (SAW)
come to Prophet (SAW) and said ‘ OMessenger of Allah what should I do?
Because my memory is week and I could’t remember all things. ‘’

Prophet (PBUH) said: help with your write hand’’

Written work of first era is:

1.Saahifa Sadiqaa

It was compiled by Abdullah Ibn Amar al As.

2.Saahifa Saheeha

This is attributed to Hummam Ibn Munabbeh (rahimahullah)..

3.Sahifaa Bashir Ibn Naheek

Bashir Ibn Naheek was also the student of Abu Huraira (Radi-Allahu’Anhu). He
also gathered and wrote the ahadeeth which he read to Abu Hurairah (Radi-
Allahu’Anhu). He verified it before his departure.

4.Musnad Abu Huraira (Radi-Allahu’Anhu)

It was written during the times of Companions.Its copy was with the father of
Umar Ibn Abdul Azeez (Radi-Allahu’Anhu).
5.Saheefa Alee

It is found from Imam Bukhari’s Checking that the collection was quite
voluminous and it had in it issues of zakat and from the actions that were
permissible or impermissible in Madeena the Khutbatul Hijjah and Islamic
Guidelines.

6.The Final Sermon of The Prophet (Peace be upon him)

On the conquest of Makkah, the messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) told Abu
Shah Yamanee (R.A)to write down the final sermon.

2- The Second Period of the Compilation of Hadith :-

Famous Memorizers Of Hadeeth:

The Sahabah (Companions)

1. Abu Hurairah (Radi-Allahu’Anhu). He narrated 5374 ahadeeth .

2. Abdullah Ibn Abbas (Radi-Allahu’Anhu). He narrated 2660 ahadeeth .

3. Aa’ishah Sadeeqa (Radi-Allahu’Anhaa). She narrated 2210 ahadeeth .

4. Abdullah Ibn Umar (Radi-Allahu’Anhu). He narrated 1630 ahadeeth .

5. Jabir Ibn Abdullah (Radi-Allahu’Anha). He narrated 1560 ahadeeth .

6. Anas Ibn e Malik (Radi-Allahu’Anhu). He narrated 1260 ahadeeth .

7. Abu Saeed ul Khudri (Radi-Allahu’Anhu). He narrated 1170 ahadeeth.

After the death of the Holy Prophet his sayings and actions took of a new
importance because he was no longer there to consult when problems arose. The
practice of narration on a large scale started during this period.

For Example:

When the Prophet (Peace be upon him) died, the companions of the prophet
debated about where to bury him. This debate ended when Abu Bakr (R.A) told
them that he heard the Messenger (Peace be upon him) say,

“No prophet but he is buried where he died.”

Thus, a grave was dug immediately below the bed on which he died in the house
Aishah in this period, a number of the leading Companions wrote down Hadiths of
the Prophet.

The Following are the leading narrators of the Prophets tradition who have record
to have recorded them in writing:

1-Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Al- As to whom 700 hadiths are attributed. During the
Prophet’s lifetime he was known to have recorded books of hadith which he
entitled “As-Sahifah As-Sahihah.”

2-Abu Bakr (R.A) was reported to have written down 500 different sayings of the
Prophet (Peace be upon him)

3-Abdullah ibn Abbas to whom 1660 hadiths are attributed. It is mentioned in

Tabaqat ibn Sa ‘d that he used to write whatever he heard. Al-Kattani narrated in
his Tarateeb that Ibn ‘ Abass even employed his slaves to record for him.

Hadith Found in the ‘Companions of Prophets’

1-Narrated Abu Bakr (R.A):

I said to the Prophet while I was in the cave,

“If any of them should look under his feet, he would see us”.

He said :

“O Abu Bakr! What do you think of two (persons) the third of whom is
Allah?”

2-Narrated Ibn Abbas:

The Prophet’s said,

“If I were to take Khalil, I Would have taken Abu Bakr (R.A), but he is my
brother and my companion (in Islam)”.
3-Narrated Anas bin malik:

“The prophet once climbed the mountain of Uhad with Abu Bakr (R.A),
‘Umar (R.A) and ‘Uthman (R.A). The mountain shook with them.”

The Prophet said (to the mountain):

“Be firm, O Uhud! For on you there are no more than a Prophet, a Siddiq and
two Martyrs.”

3. The Third Period of the Compilation of Hadith:

This period extended from about half of the second century Hijra to the end of the
fourth century Hijra.

Specificity of this period:

1. Prophetic Hadith, athaar of the companion’s and statements of the successors
were categorized and a distinction was made between them.

2. Narrations that were accepted were gathered separately and the books of the
second century were checked and authenticated.

3. During this period not only were the narrations gathered but, to preserve Hadith,
the scholars formulated sciences on which thousands of books had been written.

Compilation in Third Era:

The history of the compilation of Ahadith after the companions is even more vast
and detailed. Each companion who narrated the Ahadith had a large number of
pupils who compiled what they heard from him. The pupils of the companions are
called ‘Tabi’in’.

In the era of the Tabi’in the co mpilation of

Ahadith was undertaken officially by the famous khalifah, ‘Umar ibn Abdul Aziz
(99-101 A.H.). He issued an official order to all governors under his domain that
they should gather the knowledgeable persons from among the companions of the
Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) and their pupils and write down the Ahadith
found with them (Fath-ul-Bari). Ibn Shihab Al Zuhri was one of the pioneers of
the compilation of hadith in this period. He has written numbers of books.
One of the books written in the days of the Tabi’in was the script of Hammam ibn
Munabbih, a pupil of Abu Hurairah who prepared a book containing Ahadith he
heard from Abu Huraira (RA) . This book is also known as “Al-Sahfah al
Sahihah”.

All the Ahadith of this book were included in later compilations. The original
script of this book was thus not attended to and was lost for a considerable time.

In 1373 A.H. (i.e. 1954 A.D.) two manuscripts of this book were discovered in the
libraries of Berlin and Damascus, and were published by Dr. Muhammad
Hamidullah with a detailed introduction. Dr. Muhammad Hamidullah edited these
manuscripts which were written centuries ago. He has also compared their text
with the one narrated in the Musnad of Imam Ahmed. He could not find any
material difference between the two texts. There are few very minor differences of
negligible words which always exist between two manuscripts of the same book. It
proves that the books of the Tabi’in were included and were thus made part of the
later books of hadith, with all necessary precautions by which they can safely be
relied upon.

The Fourth period of compilation of Hadith(Sihah Sitta):

This period extends from the start of the fifth century up until today.

The works done in this period are:

Explanations, footnotes and translations of important books of Hadith into other

languages.

More books on the sciences that have been mentioned and explanations and
summaries of them.

The people of knowledge, due to their keenness and necessity for them, compiled
books of Hadith taken from those books written or compiled in the 3rd Century.

From them are:

1. Mishkaat Al-Masabeeh of Walee-ud-Deen Khateeb:

narrations compiled on creed, worship, dealings/transactions and manners.
 2. Riyadh us-Saaliheen of Imaam Abu Zakariyyah Yahyaa:
This has Hadith compiled on akhlaaq and adaab in general. The start of each
chapter is began by a using corresponding verse from the Qur’aan. This is an
important feature of this book.

3. Buloogh al-Maraam of Ibn Hajr Al-Asqalaanee, the explainer of

Bukhaaree:
It is composed mainly of hadeeth pertaining to worship and transactions.

Compilation of Sihah Sitta:

Books that are the part of the authentic six collection are as follow:

1. Sahih Bukhari:
Sahih Bukhari is collected by Imam Bukhari and includesincludes 7000+ Hadith.
It is the most popular and authentic book of Bukhari. It is completed in sixteen
years.

2. Sahih Muslim:
Sahih Muslim is collected by Muslim-Bin-Hajjaj and includes includes 9000+
Hadith. It is the most famous book of Hajjaj. It ranked second in Sihah Sitta.

3. Jami al-Tirmidhi:
Jami al-Tirmidhi is collected by al-Tirmidhi. The order of this book is excellent.

4. Sunan Abu Dawood:

Sunan Abu Dawood is collected by Abu Dawood. It has narrations on orders.

5. Sunan Nasa&i:
Sunan Nasa&i is collected by al-Nasa&i. It is the most imporatant book of Sihah
Sitta.

6. Sunan ibn Majah:

Sunan ibn Majah is collected by Ibn Majah. It is the most important book of ibn
Majah and it gain so much popularity. It consists of fifteen chapters and four
thousand Hadith.
2. Uloom ul Hadith (The Sciences of Hadith)
1)

3.. Composition of Had ith

It is widely known among Muslims all over the world that any specific wording of
the Messenger ‫ ﷺ‬of Allah SWT on a given topic or theme of subject is known as a
“Hadith”. It is obligatory upon every disciple of Islam to know, act upon and
spread the Proverbs of Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬as these are the words full of wisdom which
result in one`s success both in this world and in the hereafter. Hadith, in general is
composed of two basic components which are given below:
1. Matn/Content: It is the main passage which is the actual centre of attraction
for the reader. It normally tells about the right way of actions in different
circumstances of life.
2. Isnad/Sequence of Reporters: A series of correspondents through which
Hadith has spread.
These are the necessary three parts which need to be present in any text for naming
it as a Hadith.

‫عن شہاب الدين الزہروی عن ابن سيرين عن ابو حنيفہ عن مالک عن ابو ہريره‬
‫قال رسول ﷲ ﷺ‬
Categorization of Hadith
The classification of the Prophetic (PBUH) sayings has been very carefully devised
according to different sets of classifications along with their further kinds.
Following are the three basic arrangements of Ahadiths on the basis of particular
grounds:

1. According to reference to a particular Authority

2. According to a number of reporters
3. According to Authenticity of Correspondents

Now let us briefly discuss these classes of Hadith one by one:

i) According to Reference to a Particular Authority

According to careful research, Hadith is divided into four additional kinds under
this category:
 1. Qudsi: meaning “Divine”. It is a Heavenly text which was directly sent upon
the Holy Prophet (PBUH), Who passed it on to His followers Himself.
2. Marfu`: meaning “Elevated”. It has got very important status in Islam as it
was directly heard from the Messenger (PBUH) of God Himself by His
companions and was brought forward.
3. Mauquf: meaning “Stopped”. It is a kind of command which was directly
given by Rasulullah (PBUH) to His cohorts who forwarded it.
4. Maqtu`: meaning “Severed”. It is a form of Instruction which is plainly
described by Successor in his own words.
ii) According to a number of reporters
It is divided into two more sub-groups:

1. Mutawatir: meaning “Consecutive”. Hadith being reported such a large

number of rightful companions that it is agreed upon as authentic.
2. Ahad: meaning “Isolated”. The one which has been narrated by a countable
number of people.
It has been further categorized into three sub-types:

1. Mash’hur: meaning “Famous”. Hadith which is related by more than two

individuals.
2. Aziz: meaning “Rare yet Strong”. The one having only two reporters in its
Isnad.
3. Gharib: meaning “Strange”. Saying of Holy Prophet (PBUH) with only one
narrator in its Isnad.
iii) According to Authenticity of Correspondents
It has the following three categories:

1. Sahih: meaning “Sound”. A hadith reported by a trustworthy reporter known

for his truthfulness, knowledge, correct way of narrations etc.
2. Hasan: meaning “Good”. The one whose reporters are know and is clear-cut.
3. Da`if: meaning “Weak”. A hadith ranking under that of Hasan because of
failing to address the Isnad properly.
4. Maudu`: meaning “Fabricated”. Hadith having wording opposite to the
confirmed Prophetic (PBUH) traditions.
In short, Hadith is an integral part of Islamic teachings through which Muslims all
over the world get insight about many aspects of life. Therefore, one must know
about its different kinds so as to become able to distinguish the authentic ones from
the rest which have weak links in its key constituents.
Translation of Ahadith
HADITH NO-1
‫حدثنا عبيد ﷲ بن موسى قال اخبرنا حنظلة بن أبي سفيان عن‬
‫عكرمة بن خالد عن ابن عمر رضي ﷲ عنهما قال‬
‫ قال رسول ﷲ صلى ﷲ عليه و سلم ) بني اﻹسﻼم على خمﺲ‬:
‫شهادة أن ﻻ إله إﻻ ﷲ وأن محمدا رسول ﷲ وإقام الصﻼة وإيتاء‬
( ‫الزكاة والحج وصوم رمضان‬

Islam is based on (the following) five (principles):

1. To testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah
and Muhammad is Allah's Apostle.
2. To offer the (compulsory congregational) prayers dutifully and
perfectly.
3. To pay Zakat (i.e. obligatory charity).
4. To perform Hajj. (i.e. Pilgrimage to Makkah)
5. To observe fast during the month of Ramadan.
HADITH NO- 2

‫السادس عن أبي عبد الرحمن السلمي عن عثمان أن النبي }صلى‬

‫ﷲ عليه وسلم{ قال خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه‬
Hazrat Usman Bin Affan narrated that Allah’s Messenger (SAW)
said he is superior among you who learns and teaches Qur’an.
HADITH NO-3

‫سلﱠ َم قَا َل‬ َ ‫علَ ْي ِه َو‬

َ ُ ‫صلﱠى ﱠ‬ َ ِ ‫سو َل ﱠ‬ ُ ‫و َح ﱠدثَنِي ع َْن َما ِلك أَنﱠهُ بَلَغَهُ أَ ﱠن َر‬
‫سنﱠةَ نَ ِب ِيّ ِه‬
ُ ‫اب ﱠ ِ َو‬ ‫ت َ َر ْكتُ ِفي ُك ْم أ َ ْم َر ْي ِن لَ ْن ت َ ِضلﱡوا َما ت َ َم ﱠ‬
َ َ‫س ْكت ُ ْم ِب ِه َما ِكت‬
Malik Bin Anas narrated that The Holy Prophet (SAW) said “ I have left amongst
you two things which if you hold fast to them , you will never stray : the Book of
Allah and my Sunnah.”
HADITH NO- 4

ٌ ‫ضة‬
َ ‫ب ا ْل َحﻼَ ِل فَ ِري‬ ُ َ‫» َطل‬: -‫صلى ﷲ عليه وسلم‬- ِ ‫سو ُل ﱠ‬
ْ ‫ب َك‬
ِ ‫س‬ ُ ‫قَا َل َر‬
َ ‫بَ ْع َد ا ْلفَ ِري‬
‫ض ِة‬

Narrated by Ibn Abdullah that the Holy Prophet (SAW) said, After the
obligatory duties it is obligatory to seek lawful livelihood.
HADITH NO-5

‫حدثنا عبد ﷲ بن عبد الرحمن أخبرنا اﻷسود بن‬

‫عامر حدثنا أبو بكر بن عياش عن اﻷعمش عن سعيد‬
: ‫بن عبد ﷲ بن جريج عن ابي برزة اﻻسلمي قال‬
‫قال رسول ﷲ صلى ﷲ عليه و سلم ﻻ تزول قدما عبد‬
‫يوم القيامة حتى يسئل عن عمره فيم أفناه وعن‬
‫علمه فيم فعل وعن ماله من أين اكتسبه وفيم‬
‫أنفقه وعن جسمه فيم أبﻼ‬
k k, Sayyidina Abu Barzah Aslami (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger (SAW)
said, “(On the Day of Resurrection) the feet of a slave will not move till he is
asked about his life how he spent it; and about his knowledge, what he did with it,
and about his wealth, how he earned it and on what he used it, and about his
body, in what way he wore it off.”
HADITH NO -6

‫ومن سلك طريقا ً يلتمﺲ فيه علما ً سهل ﷲ له طريقا ً إلى الجنة وما‬
‫اجتمع قو ٌم في بيت من بيوت ﷲ يتلون كتاب ﷲ ويتدارسونه بينهم‬
‫إﻻ نزلت عليهم السكينة وغشيتهم الرحمة وحفتهم المﻼئكة وذكرهم‬
‫ﷲ فيمن عنده ومن بطأ به عمله لم يسرع به نسبه‬
Abu Hurrairah narrated that the Holy Prophet (SAW) He who treads
the path in search of (religious) knowledge, Allah will make that path
‫‪easy , leading to pradaise for him and those persons who assemble in‬‬
‫‪one of the houses of Allah 9mosques) recite the book of Allah and learn‬‬
‫‪and teach the Qur’an (among themselves. They all descend upon them‬‬
‫‪tranquility, mercy will cover them, the Angels will surround them and‬‬
‫‪Allah will mention them in presence of those near Him. He who is slow‬‬
‫‪paced in doing good deeds, his (long) descent does not make him go‬‬
‫‪ahead.‬‬
‫‪HADITH N0 -7‬‬

‫سو ُل ﱠ ِ ‪-‬صلى ﷲ عليه وسلم‪ -‬يَقُو ُل » اللﱠ ُه ﱠم إِ ِنّى أَعُوذُ ِبكَ ِم َن‬ ‫ك َ‬
‫َان َر ُ‬
‫اﻷَ ْربَ ِع ِم ْن ِع ْل ٍم ﻻَ يَ ْنفَ ُع ٍمن قلب ﻻَ يَ ْخ َ‬
‫ش ُع َو ِم ْن نَ ْف ٍﺲ ﻻَ تَ ْ‬
‫شبَ ُع َو ِم ْن‬
‫س َم ُع «‪a‬‬ ‫ُدعَاءٍ ﻻَ يُ ْ‬

‫‪the Holy Prophet (SAW) says that Allah, I seek your protection‬‬
‫‪from four things. Useless knowledge, from an irreverent heart,‬‬
‫‪from an insatiable self, from an unanswered supplication.‬‬
‫‪HADITH NO-8‬‬
‫جلوس عند رسول‬‫ٌ‬ ‫قال حدثني أبي عمر بن الخطاب قال بينما نحن‬
‫ﷲ }صلى ﷲ عليه وسلم{ ذات يوم إذ طلع علينا رج ٌل شدي ٌد بياض‬
‫الثياب شديد سواد الشعر ﻻ يرى عليه أثر السفر وﻻ يعرفه منا أح ٌد‬
‫حتى جلﺲ إلى النبي }صلى ﷲ عليه وسلم{ فأسند ركبتيه إلى‬
‫ركبتيه ووضع كفيه على فخذيه وقال يا محمد أخبرني عن اﻹسﻼم‬
‫قال رسول ﷲ }صلى ﷲ عليه وسلم{‬
‫اﻹسﻼم أن تشهد أن ﻻ إله إﻻ ﷲ وأن محمدا ً رسول ﷲ وتقيم الصﻼة‬
‫وتؤتي الزكاة وتصوم رمضان وتحج البيت إن استطعت إليه سبيﻼً‬
‫قال صدقت فعجبنا له يسأله ويصدقه قال فأخبرني عن اﻹيمان قال‬
‫أن تؤمن با ومﻼئكته وكتبه ورسله واليوم اﻵخر وتؤمن بالقدر‬
‫خيره وشره قال صدقت قال فأخبرني عن اﻹحسان قال أن تعبد ﷲ‬
 ‫كأنك تراه فإن لم تكن تراه فإنه يراك قال فأخبرني عن الساعة قال‬
‫ما المسئول عنها بأعلم من السائل قال‬
‫فأخبرني عن أماراتها قال أن تلد اﻷمة ربتها وأن ترى الحفاة العراة‬
‫العالة رعاء الشاء يتطاولون في البنيان قال ثم انطلق فلبث مليا ً ثم‬
‫قال يا عمر أتدري من السائل قلت ﷲ ورسوله أعلم قال فإنه جبريل‬
‫أتاكم يعلمكم أمر دينكم‬

Narrated Abu Hurairah: One day while the Prophet was sitting in
the company of some people, (The angel) Gabriel came and
asked, "What is faith?" Allah's Apostle replied, 'Faith is to believe
in Allah, His angels, (the) meeting with Him, His Apostles, and to
believe in Resurrection." Then he further asked, "What is Islam?"
Allah's Apostle replied, "To w|rship Allah Alone and none else, to
offer prayers perfectly, to pay the compulsory charity (Zakat) and
to observe fasts during the month of Ramadan." Then he further
asked, "What is Ihsan (perfection)?" Allah's Apostle replied, "To
worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot achieve this
state of devotion then you must consider that He is looking at
you." Then he further asked, "When will the Hour be established?"
Allah's Apostle replied, "The answerer has no better knowledge
than the questioner. But I will inform you about its portents.
1. When a slave (lady) gives birth to her master.
2. When the shepherds of black camels start boasting and
competing with others in the construction of higher buildings. And
the Hour is one of five things which nobody knows except Allah.
The Prophet then recited: "Verly, with Allah (Alone) is the
knowledge of the Hour Then that man (Gabriel) left and the
Prophet asked his companions to call him back, but they could not
see him. Then the Prophet said, "That was Gabriel who came to
teach the people their religion." Abu 'Abdullah said: He (the
Prophet) considered all that as a part of faith.
HADITH NO-9
 ‫عن أبي هريرة أن رسول ﷲ }صلى ﷲ عليه وسلم{ قال أتدرون ما‬
‫المفلﺲ قالوا المفلﺲ فينا من ليﺲ له درهم وﻻ متاع فقال إن‬
‫المفلﺲ من أمتي يأتي يوم القيامة‬
‫بصﻼة وصيام وزكاة ويأتي قد شتم هذا وقذف هذا وأكل مال هذا‬
‫وسفك دم هذا وضرب هذا فيعطى هذا من حسناته وهذا من حسناته‬
‫فإن فنيت حسناته قبل أن يقضى ما عليه أخذ من خطاياهم فطرحت‬
‫عليه ثم طرح في النار‬
Abu Hurrairah reported Allah’s Messenger (SAW) as saying Do
you know who is poor? They (Comapnions o Prophet Muhammad
(SAW)) said: A poor man amongst us is onewho has neither dhirham
w|sith him nor wealth. The Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said: the poor
man of mu Ummah would be he who would come on the Day of
Resurrection with prayers and fasts and Zakat but (he would find himself
bankrupt on that day as he would have exhausted his funds of virtues)
Sine he hurled abuses upon others, brought calumny against others and
un lawfully consumed the wealth of others and shed the blood of others
and beat others and his virtues would be credited to the account of one
(who sufferesd at his hand). And I his good deeds fall short to clear
account, then his sins would be entered in (his account) and he would be
thorwn in the Hell-Fire.
i.
HADITH NO-10

ْ ‫ان المومن يوم القيمه ِم ْن ُح‬

‫س ِن‬ َ ‫قَا َل » َما ِم ْن ش َْىءٍ أَثْقَ ُل فِى ا ْل ِم‬
ِ ‫يز‬
ِ ُ‫ا ْل ُخل‬
‫ق‬
The Holy Prophet (SAW) mentioned that the heaviest thing to be
place in the balance of a believing slave on the Day of Judgment
will be good behavior. And Allah hates the 1one who used bad
language.