Soe Air

Contents
State of Air Environment
CONTENTS
Contents Page
List of Figures I
List of Tables III
List of Boxes V
List of Abbreviation VI
Executive Summary IX

Sr. Section
No.
1 Introduction 1

2 Section – I – Pressures 3
1.1 Air Pollutants 3
1.2 Pressures on Air Quality 4
1.2.1 Meteorological & Climatic Conditions 4
1.2.2 Population Growth & Urbanisation 7
1.2.3 Urban Heat Islands 10
1.2.4 Industrialisation 10
1.2.5 Power Sector 15
1.2.6 Mining 19
1.2.7 Vehicular Growth 21
1.2.8 Fuel Usage 33
1.2.9 Travel Mode Characteristics 35
1.2.10 Indoor Air Pollution 36

3 Section – II – State 39
2.1 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of 40
SO2 in Residential Areas
SO2 in Industrial Areas
NOx in Residential Areas
NOx in Industrial Areas
SPM in Residential Areas
SPM in Industrial Areas
RSPM in Residential Areas
RSPM in Industrial Areas
2.9 Trends in PM2.5 in Ahmedabad 55
2.10 Monitoring of VOCs 58
2.11 Noise Monitoring 63
2.12 Odour Monitoring 66
2.13 Hot Spots 67

Page i
Contents State of Air Environment
3 Section – III – Impact 73
3.1 Economic Impacts 73
3.2 Health Impacts 73
3.2.1 Health Impacts due to Indoor Air Pollution 74
3.2.2 Health Impacts due to Mining 75
3.2.3 Health Impacts due to Noise Pollution 75
3.2.4 Health Impacts due to Heat Islands 76
3.2.5 Health Impacts due to Odour 76
3.3 Other Impacts 76
3.4. Some Impact Studies Carried Out In Recent Past 77
3.4.1 National Environmental Health Profile and 77
Comparative Health Risk Assessment of
Ahmedabad, sponsored by WHO through
Ministry of Environment & Forests. Conducted
by NIOH 2004‐05
3.4.2 Survey of Traffic Policemen conducted by Traffic 78
Department in January 2012
3.4.3 Health Impacts of Air Pollution in Ahmedabad 78
3.4.4 Effect of Air Pollution on Human Health 79
(adults)in Delhi
4 Section – IV – Response 80
4.1 At National Level 80
4.1.1 Ambient Air Quality Norms 80
4.1.2 Preparation of Zoning Atlas 82
4.1.3 Improved Vehicle Emission Norms 82
4.1.4 Improved Fuel Quality Norms 83
4.2 At State Level 84
4.2.1 Air Action Plans 84
4.2.2 Monitoring of Industries 85
4.2.3 Roping in Technical Institutes to Control Air 86
Pollution
4.2.4 Strengthening of PUC Stations 87
4.2.5 CNG/LPG Infrastructure for Auto Gas Supply 89
4.2.6 Registration of Retrofitters 89
4.2.7 Banning of Old Autos & Conversion to CNG in 90
Ahmedabad
4.2.8 Improved Public Transport System 91
4.2.9 Promoting Renewable Energy 93
4.3 At Individual Level 93
4.3.1 Conversion of Vehicles to Cleaner Fuel 93
(CNG/LPG)
4.3.2 Use of Natural Gas by Industries 94
4.3.3 Households having PNG 95
5 Section – V – Recommendation 96
5.1 Need To Extend Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 96
Programme
5.2 Source Apportionment Studies 96
5.3 Health Impact Studies 97
5.4 Pollution Control from Vehicles 97
5.5 Regulatory Agencies 98
5.6 Awareness Programmes 98

Page ii
Contents State of Air Environment

6 References 99

7 Annexure I 102

8 Annexure II 109

9 Annexure III 119

10 Annexure IV 145

Page iii
List of Figures State of Air Environment

LIST OF FIGURES
Page No.
Introduction
1. Fig A: Performance of Gujarat in ESI 1
2. Fig B: PSIR Framework 2
Section I ‐ Pressures
1. Fig 1.1: Climate in Gujarat 5
2. Fig 1.2: Soil Map of Gujarat 5
3. Fig 1.3: Physiography in Gujarat 6
4. Fig 1.4: Rainfall in Gujarat 6
5. Fig 1.5: Industrial Estates, SEZs, SIRs & DMIC Nodes in Gujarat 11
6. Fig 1.6: Jurisdiction Area of Regional Offices of GPCB 12
7. Fig 1.7: Location of Thermal Power Plants in Gujarat 16
8. Fig 1.8: Fuel wise distribution in total installation 18
9. Fig 1.9: Percentage of Renewable Energy Sources in Gujarat 19
10. Fig 1.10: Mining Areas of Gujarat 20
11. Fig 1.11: Categorywise Distribution of Vehicles In Gujarat (31/03/2011) 22
12. Fig1.12 Vehicle Population : All Vehicles 24
13. Fig 1.13: Transport and NonTransport Vehicles in Gujarat 25
14. Fig 1.14: Distribution of Vehicles in Major Urban Centers of Gujarat 33
15. Fig 1.15: Travel Mode Chracteristics‐Ahmedabad 2007 36
16. Fig 1.16: Fuel Usage for Rural Gujarat at HH Level NFHS 2 37
17. Fig 1.17: Fuel Usage for Rural Gujarat at HH Level NFHS 3 37
18. Fig 1.18: Fuel Usage in Gujarat State 38
Section II ‐ State
1. Fig 2.1: Air Quality Monitoring Stations in Gujarat 39
2. Fig 2.2: RSPM ‐ Ahmedabad (Residential Areas) 51
3. Fig 2.3: RSPM ‐ Vadodara (ResidentialAreas) 51
4. Fig 2.4: RSPM ‐ Surat (Residential) 52
5. Fig 2.5: RSPM ‐ Rajkot (Residential Area) 52
6. Fig 2.6: RSPM ‐ Jamnagar (Residential Area) 53
7 Fig 2.7: RSPM levels at Important Industrial Locations 55
8 Fig 2.8: GIDC Naroda(Above Police Chowki) ‐ Industrial Area 57

Page I
List of Figures State of Air Environment

9 Fig 2.9: Nehru Bridge ‐ Traffic Junction 57
10 Fig2.10: Satellite Area, Chinmay Seva Trust ‐ Residential Area 58
11 Fig 2.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOCs in Gujarat 60
12 Fig 2.12: Benzene Concentration ‐Pandesara 61
13 Fig 2.13: Benzene Concentration ‐ Ankleshwar 61
14 Fig 2.14: Benzene Concentration ‐ Dahej 61
15 Fig 2.15: Benzene Concentration ‐ Panoli 62
16 Fig 2.16: Benzene Concentration ‐ Naroda 62
17 Fig 2.17: Benzene Concentration ‐ Vatva 62
Section IV‐ Response
1. Fig 4.1: Samples Collected under Air Act 86

Page II
List of Tables State of Air Environment

LIST OF TABLES
Page No.
Section I ‐ Pressures
1 Table 1.1: Air Pollutants & their Sources of Generation 3
2 Table 1.2: Climatic Regions of Gujarat 4
3 Table 1.3: Climate in Gujarat 6
4 Table 1.4: Increase in Number of Towns in Gujarat 7
5 Table1.5: Population Characteristics in Gujarat 2011 8
6 Table 1.6: Cities Having Population 1 lac & Above 9
7 Table 1.7: Industries Registered with GPCB 12`
8 Table 1.8: Distribution of air polluting industries in Gujarat (as on 02/05/2012) 13
9 Table 1.9: Large Industries under 17 Most Polluting Categories (28/02/2012) 14
10 Table 1.10: Generation Installed Capacity (Mw)‐ Public Private Sector 17
11 Table 1.11: Installed Capacity (Mw)‐Thermal and Renewable Energy 17
12 Table 1.12: Mining activities and potential sources of air pollution 20
13 Table 1.13: District wise Distribution of Mining Area in Gujarat 21
14 Table 1.14: Growth of Vehicular Population in Gujarat over decades 23
15 Table 1.15: Distribution of Vehicles in Various RTOs of Gujarat 26

16 Table 1.16: Retail Fuel Sale Details for Gujarat 34
17 Table 1.17: Vehicular Growth and Fuel Consumption 35
18 Table 1.18: Percentage Usage of Fuel at Household Level 38

Section II ‐ State
1 Table 2.1: Classification of Air Quality 40
2 Table 2.2: Annual Averages‐ SO2 in Residential Areas 40
3 Table 2.3: Annual Averages‐ SO2 in Industrial Areas 42
4 Table 2.4: Annual Averages‐ NOx in Residential Areas 43
5 Table 2.5: Annual Average ‐ NOx in INDUSTRIAL AREAS 45
6 Table 2.6: Annual Averages‐ SPM in Residential Areas 46
7 Table 2.7: Annual Averages‐ SPM in Industrial Areas 48
8 Table 2.8: Annual Averages‐ RSPM in Residential Areas 49
9 Table 2.9: Annual Average –RSPM Industrial Areas 53

Page III
List of Tables State of Air Environment

10 Table 2.10: PM 25 for Ahmedabad 55
11 Table 2.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOCs in Gujarat 59
12 Table 2.12: Noise Standards 63
13 Table 2.13: Noise Monitoring During The Navratri Festival 64
14 Table 2.14: Noise Monitoring During the Diwali Festival 65
15 Table 2.15: District wise Contribution to Population and Vehicles of Gujarat 67
16 Table 2.16: Ranking of Districts 69
Section III ‐ Impact
1 Table: 3.1: Air Pollutants & their Health Impacts 74
2 Table 3.2: Reasons for Air pollution 77
3 Table 3.3: Diseases Identified Due To Air Pollution 77
4 Table 3.4: Disease Pattern Related to Air Pollution in Gujarat 79
Section IV – Response
1 Table 4.1: Pre Revised Norms 81
2 Table 4.2: Revised Norms since 18th Nov 2009 81
3 Table 4.3: Vehicle Emission Norms 83
4 Table 4.4: Improved Fuel Quality Norms 84
5 Table 4.5: District Wise Approved PUC Centers 88
6 Table 4.6: CNG/LPG Stations for Auto Gas Supply 89
7 Table 4.7: Retrofitters Data 90
8 Table 4.8: AMTS Operations (1951 – 2012) 91
9 Table 4.9: Phase Wise Details of BRTS 92
10 Table: 4.10: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Gujarat 93
11 Table 4.11: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Ahmedabad 94
12 Table 4.12: Industries having Natural Gas Connection 95

Page IV
List of Boxes State of Air Environment

LIST OF BOXES

Page No.

Section III ‐ Impact
1 Box 3.1: WHO Study on Indoor Air Pollution 75

2 Box 3.2: Effect of Air Pollution on Human Health (adults) in Delhi 79
Section IV ‐ Response
3 Box 4.1: Jurisdiction Area of Regional Offices of GPCB 85
4 Box 4.2: On Line Stack Emission Monitoring – Narol, Ahmedabad 86

Page V
List of Abbreviation State of Air Environment

LIST OF ABBREVIATION
°C Degree Celsius
am Ante Meridiem
APCD Air Pollution Control Device
API Air Polluting Industries
B(a)P Benzo(A) Pyrene
BRTS Bus Rapid Transport System
C Critical
C6H6 Benzene
CH4 Methane
CNG Compressed Natural Gas
CO Carbon Monoxide
CPCB Central Pollution Control Board
dB Decibel
e.g. Example Given
GEMI Gujarat Environment Management Institute
GIDC Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation
GPCB Gujarat Pollution Control Board
H High
HH Household
Hr Hour
I Industrial
IOC Indian Oil Corporation
ISO International Organization for Standardization
KWh Kilowatt Hour
L Low
LPG liquefied Petroleum Gas
LULC Landuse Landcover
M Meter
M Moderate
m3 Meter Cube
mm Millimeter

Page VI

MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forest
MoPNG Union Ministry of Petroleum And Natural Gas
MW Mega Watt
NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards
NAMP National Air Quality Monitoring Programme
NFHS National Family Health Survey
NG Natural Gas
NH3 Ammonia
Ni Nickel
NIOH National institute of Occupational Hazard
NO Nitric Oxide
No. Number
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide
NOx Oxides of Nitrogen
O3 Ozone
PAHs Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Pb Lead
PM Particulate Matter
pm Post meridiem
PM10 Particles having diameter of less than 10 µm
PM2.5 Particles having diameter of less than 2.5 µm
ppm Parts Per Million
PSU Public Sector Undertaking
PUC Pollution Under Control
Pvt. Ltd. Private Limited
R Residential
R & D Research and Development
RO Regional Office
RSPM Respiratory Suspended Particulate Matter
SAMP State Air Quality Monitoring Programme
SMEs Small and Medium Enterprises
SO2 Sulfur Dioxide
SPM Suspended Particulate Matter

Page VII

TB Tuberculosis
ug/m3 Microgram/cubic meter
um Micro‐Meters
UNEP United Nations Environment Program
UV UltraViolet
viz. Videlicet (namely)
VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds
WHO World Health Organisation

Page VIII
Executive Summary
Executive Summary State of Air Environment

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Air is an important life sustaining resource. Given the fact that a person breathes in more than six
liters of air every minute, the quality of air becomes a prime concern. The composition of air in
natural environment is constant but is being changed due to release of large amount of emissions by
industries, automobiles and other sources. This changed quality became a great threat to survival of
life, properties, materials and ecosystem as a whole. Gujarat was among the States scoring
minimum percentile (0‐20) for Air quality in a study undertaken by ‘Center for Development Finance
– Institute For Financial Management & Research’ ‐ Chennai in 2011 named ‘Environmental
Sustainability Index for Indian States.’
This report on Air is divided into five sections namely – ‘Pressure’ which discusses the factors which
contribute to the quality of Air in Gujarat, ‘State’ elaborates the present quality of Air with respect to
various parameters such as SO2, NOx, SPM, RSPM, PM2.5, VOCs etc, ‘Impact’ details out the impact
of air quality especially on human health and other things, ‘Response’ features various steps taken at
national and state level to improve overall air quality and ‘Recommendations’ suggest some
measures which can help improve the present scenario of Air Quality at policy level. Local initiatives
that can go a long way in improving quality of air have also been mentioned.
The contributing factors to air pollution are largely Population, Urbanisation, Industries, Vehicles,
domestic sources etc. In addition, meteorological and climatic conditions of any area are responsible
for contributing to the background air quality levels. Rainfall, wind speed, temperature and soil type
are important in this category.
Urban population in Gujarat has risen from 37.36 per cent in 2001 to 42.58% in 2011, making it one
of the fastest growing urbanised states. This Concentration of population in urban centers makes
huge pressures on land, air and water pollution. Ahmedabad is the largest city of Gujarat with 7.2
million people living here. Surat and Vadodara are other two major cities with high number of urban
population followed by Rajkot with population of 1.50 million. As per Census 2011, Gujarat has 30
urban centers with more than 1 lac population. Seven Municipal Corporations contribute to 56.12%
of the total urban population of the state. The air temperatures in densely built urban areas are
often higher than the temperatures of the surrounding countryside.
The State has continued to witness impressive industrial development since its inception. There are
182 industrial estates spread throughout the State covering an area of 3200 hectares, 83 industrial
clusters, 60 notified SEZs and 11 notified SIRs. Also a major part of DMIC corridor (38%) is going to
pass through Gujarat. The total number of industries having pollution potential as registered with
Gujarat Pollution Control Board as on 02/05/2012 is 22125 out of which 16511 belong to air
polluting category. Coal based power generation is considered to be a major contributor to air
pollution and in Gujarat; power generation is largely coal based to the tune of 54%. Among air
polluting sectors, minerals industry ranks among the top. The impact of mining on air starts from
exploration phase, increases manifold during operational phase and may even extend beyond the
mine closure. The fugitive emission is a common phenomena related to mining, which is very
significant in case of open cast mining as compared to undergrounding. In addition to this, waste
handling, transportation and its storage also have high dust potential. Mining covers only 0.033% of

Page IX

the total state area. Though Kachchh (28.18km2) has maximum area under mining, Sabarkantha has
highest percentage in landuse under mining. Mining in Gujarat is usually done for production of
Agate, Steatite , Gypsum, Limestone, Lignite, Bauxite, Laterite, Dolomite, Clay (others), China Clay,
Bentonite, Quartz ,Silica sand and Chalk.
Vehicular air pollution is one of the major contributors to the overall air pollution in any area. The
fleet of vehicles in Gujarat has been growing at phenomenal proportion. The vehicular population in
the last decade has grown from 5576040 to 12993135 (133%). In 2011 major contributor to the fleet
are the two wheelers forming 73.17%, followed by private cars and goods vehicles. Public transport
systems have not been able to keep pace with the rapid and substantial increases in demand over
the past few decades.
Another major source of air pollution is burning of fossil fuels. The household sector is the second
largest consumer of energy in India after the industrial sector. Gujarat still has 77.30% rural
population using unprocessed solid fuel. The improvement in 5 years from NFHS‐ 2 and NFHS ‐3 is
marginal and the usage of unprocessed fuel is reduced only by marginal 4.7 % in rural areas. For a
progressive state like Gujarat having abundant natural resources, this is an alarming figure.
An inventory of air pollutants is a necessary first step towards control of air pollution. The ambient
air quality is monitored in the State by Gujarat Pollution Control Board. The parameters being
monitored are SO2, NOx, SPM & RSPM. The data for the years 2006 to 2010 has been analysed.
Monitoring of PM 2.5 has also been started in Ahmedabad since June 2011. Monitoring of VOCs for
25 industrial clusters in Gujarat has also been initiated since May 2011. Noise levels are being
monitored only during festivals of Navratri and Diwali.
Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SO2, NOx, SPM and RSPM show that the air pollution in
residential areas with respect to SO2 and NOx is within limits but SPM and RSPM levels are a cause
for concern in most cities in the state. Trends in PM2.5 for Ahmedabad which is a recent addition
have also been shown. Values are consistently high at traffic junctions like Nehru Bridge in
Ahmedabad. At other locations, higher values are observed during winter months and lower levels
are observed during monsoon months. The winter months are relatively much calmer than other
months. The prevailing calm conditions facilitate more stability to atmosphere and consequently
slow dispersion of pollutants generated and help in build up of pollutants in vicinity of the pollutant
sources. If we look into the industrial clusters, the values of SO2, NOx, SPM and RSPM do not cross
the critical levels in general. However, if we consider benzene, then industrial areas of Naroda,
Vatva, Pandesara, Ankleshwar, Panoli and Dahej exhibit continuously higher values. Hot Spots based
on the pressures have been identified in the state. Major contributors to air pollution are
Population, industries and Vehicles. Rate of urbanisation and industrialization leading to growth of
vehicles overall make cities Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot the hot spots for air pollution.
The United Nations Environment Programme has estimated that globally 1.1 billion people breathe
unhealthy air (UNEP, 2002). Epidemiological studies have shown that concentrations of ambient air
particles are associated with a wide range of effects on human health, especially on the cardio‐
respiratory system. Beyond its human health impacts, air pollution is also detrimental to ecosystems.
Through direct exposure and accumulation, reactive compounds negatively impact plant growth and
are primary contributors to acid rain, which can diminish fish stocks, decrease biological diversity in

Page X

sensitive ecosystems, degrade forests and soils, and diminish agricultural productivity. Air pollution is
also known to have damaging effect on non living materials in the form of corrosion of metal, soiling
and eroding of building surfaces etc. No health impact studies due to air pollution have been carried
out in Gujarat in recent past.
Various efforts have been made by stakeholders to abate air pollution from different sources. These
efforts are being made at national, state and individual level to adopt strategies that can reduce the
impacts due to air pollution. Government of India enacted the Air (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act 1981 to arrest the deterioration in the air quality. At national level, the efforts were in
the form of Tightening of Ambient Air Quality Norms, Preparation of Zoning Atlas, Improved Vehicle
Emission Norms, Improved Fuel Quality Norms etc. At state level, efforts are in the form of Air Action
Plans, Monitoring of Industries, Strengthening of PUC Stations, CNG/LPG Infrastructure for Auto Gas
Supply, Registration of Retrofitters, Banning of Old Autos & Conversion to CNG in Ahmedabad,
Improved Public Transport System. Promoting public bus transport is viewed as a top priority area to
improve urban road traffic and for controlling air pollution from automobiles. Efforts at individual
level are in the form of Conversion of Vehicles to Cleaner Fuel (CNG/LPG), Use of Natural Gas by
Industries, shifting from solid fuels at household level.
To focus the actions in right direction to reduce ambient air pollution; source apportionment
exercises to find out the qualitative and quantitative contribution of various sources are needed to
be carried out. Also there is a need to extend Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme to
remaining areas in the State and to incorporate other parameters in monitoring as per the ambient
air quality standards notified in 2009. More epidemiological studies need to be conducted at regular
intervals to detect and analyze the health effects of air pollution. There is a need to strengthen Mass
Transportation in cities and to promote use of cleaner fuel. Improvement in traffic management
system to relieve congestion is urgently called for by linking the by lanes and introducing parallel
road system. Pedestrianising busy areas in peak periods, permitting parking at nodal points by
designating parking areas need to be implemented. Since there are multiple contributors to air
pollution like vehicles, industries, fuel burning etc., therefore, control strategies require active co‐
operation among all the concerned agencies and require creation of some common form where all
the agencies can come together to plan strategies and programmes to prevent and control air
pollution.

Page XI
Introduction
Introduction State of Air Environment
INTRODUCTION
Air is an important life sustaining resource. Given the fact that a person breathes in more
than six liters of air every minute, the quality of air becomes a prime concern. Air
pollution as defined under Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981 is “presence
of any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) in the atmosphere in such
concentrations as may be injurious to human beings or other living creatures or plants or
property or environment.” The composition of air in natural environment is constant but
is being changed due to release of large amount of emissions by industries, automobiles
and other sources. This changed quality has become a great threat to survival of life and
ecosystem as a whole.
The World Bank has predicted that India’s water, air, soil and forest resources will be
under more human pressure than those of any other country by the year 2020. India is
also ranked lowest (132) for its air quality (effect on Human Health) in the recent
Environmental Performance Index conducted by Environmental Research Centers at Yale
and Columbia Universities in 2011. A study ‘Environmental Sustainability Index for Indian
States’ undertaken by the Center for Development Finance of Institute For Financial
Management & Research’ Chennai indicates that Gujarat faces maximum challenge in
maintaining environment. ESI is constructed as a composite index using 41 key
environmental indicators which are further grouped into nine thematic sub indices –air
quality and pollution, water quality and availability, land use and agriculture, forest and
biodiversity, waste generation and management, energy management, impact on human
health & disaster, population pressure on ecosystem and environmental budget. Gujarat
has obtained very low Sustainability percentile ranging between 0-20 as compared to
other industrial states of Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu which have a sustainability
percentile of 40.1-60.0. Sub Index for Air Quality for Gujarat is also negative as shown in
Fig 1.1.
Fig A: Performance of Gujarat in ESI (2008)
Source: Center for Development Finance, IFMR, Chennai
Page 1
Introduction State of Air Environment
Another study titled ‘Comprehensive Environmental Assessment of Industrial Clusters’

was done by CPCB in 2009 for 88 industrial clusters. From Gujarat; Ahmedabad,
Ankleshwar, Junagadh, Rajkot, Surat, Vadodara, Vapi, and Vatva figure in this list in
terms of air pollution.
The current study analyses the state of Air Environment for Gujarat. The framework used
is Pressure, State, Impact and Response (PSIR) which is the same as used in preparation
of State of Environment Report at National level. State of Environment for Gujarat was
last published in 2005.
Fig B: PSIR Framework
Pressure
(Pollutants)
Response
(Policies, State
Standards (Air Quality)
etc)
Impact
(Health &
eco systems)
The report has been arranged as follows. Section I discusses the pressures which alter the
natural composition of atmosphere. These include natural as well as anthropogenic
factors like meteorological and climatic conditions, population growth, urbanisation,
industrilisation, use of fossil fuels, mining activities, vehicular growth and fuel
consumption by domestic and industrial sectors. Following the identified pressures,
Section II describes the present state of environment with respective to various pollution
parameters for last five years. Trends in SO2, NOx, SPM, RSPM, PM2.5 are established.
VOCs and their influence in the industrial areas of Gujarat are also considered. Odour and
Noise also contribute to pollution categorized as nuisance and cause discomfort to
population near to source and these are also discussed in brief in this section.
Identification of Hot Spots in the State has been done based on various pressure
parameters. Section III details out the impacts of air pollution from economic and health
aspects. This section also looks into some specific health studies conducted at State level.
Responses at National, State and individual levels are reviewed for maintaining and
improving the air quality in Section IV. This also includes the policies, strategies and the
legal measures undertaken to improve the air quality. Finally, Section V lists out the
recommendations which may help in making Gujarat a sustainable and environment
friendly state.
Page 2
Section I - Pressures
Section I – Pressure State of Air Environment
SECTION I - PRESSURE
The study of air pollution requires a clear understanding of all sources contributing to air
pollutants. Even from the control point of view; the sources of pollution need to be
identified to take corrective measures in the right direction. Following sub sections
describe the various sources which exert pressure on air quality.
1.1 Air Pollutants
Air pollutants can be natural or may be the result of various anthropogenic activities like
industrial, vehicular or other emissions. Further the air pollutants can be primary or
secondary depending upon their formation mechanism. Primary pollutants are directly
emitted from the source and secondary pollutants are formed in the atmosphere. Air
pollutants are classified into particulate matter and gaseous pollutants. Table 1.1
highlights various air pollutants and their most common sources of generation.
Table 1.1: Air Pollutants & their Sources of Generation
Air Pollutant Typical Sources
Mines and quarries, pottery and ceramics, power stations, cement

Particulate Matter
factories, vehicles, natural sources
Power houses, sulphuric acid plants, petroleum industry, oil

Sulphur dioxide
refining, domestic use of fuel, vehicles
Nitrogen dioxide Acid manufacture, automobile exhaust, explosive industry
Carbon monoxide Fuel gases, automobile exhaust, mines, blast furnaces
Hydro carbons Vehicles, fossil fuel burning
PAHs Vehicles, fossil fuel burning
Volatile organic
Vehicles
compounds
Page 3
1.2 Pressures on Air Quality
1.2.1 Meteorological & Climatic Conditions
Meteorological variables are a major contributor to the overall air quality of an area.
Even though the total discharge of air pollutants into the atmosphere may remain
constant, the ambient concentrations of air pollutants may vary depending upon the
meteorological conditions. The main parameters which directly affect concentrations of
pollutants are geophysical features of an area, rainfall and wind speed. Higher
concentrations are observed in the winter months when poor dispersion conditions
prevail. This relationship is reflected in the seasonal variation in the pollutant
concentrations.
Another important contributing factor is ambient temperature. Low temperatures during

the winter months lead to increased fuel usage for heating purposes. When solid fuels
are combusted for domestic heating, particulate emissions increase. This, together with
poor dispersion conditions, is likely to be key contributor to high concentration of air
pollutants in winter. During summer, the phenomenon of natural dust-laden winds from
arid and semi arid regions increase the PM levels.
Table 1.2: Climatic Regions of Gujarat
Region Districts Climate Rainfall (mm) Soil
Semi arid dry Deep black and

Southern Hills Dang &Valsad 1793
sub humid coastal alluvial
Southern Semi arid dry Deep black and

Surat, Bharuch 974
Gujarat sub humid coastal alluvial
Vadodara,
Middle Gujarat Semi arid 904 Medium black
Kheda,
Panchmahals
Ahemdabad, Gray brown
North Gujarat Arid 735
Mehsana,Gandh costal alluvial
inagar,
Sabarkantha, Gray brown
North west arid Kachchh Arid 340
Banaskantha Deltic alluvial
North Amreli, Medium Black

Semi Arid 537
Saurashtra Bhavnagar, Calcarous
Jamnagar,
South Rajkot, Costal Alluvium
Junagadh Dry sub humid 844
Saurashtra Surendranagar Medium blacks
Source:GEC Report 2007
Page 4
In Gujarat, winters are mild, pleasant, and dry with average daytime temperatures of 29
°C and average night time temperature of 12 °C with 100 percent sunny days and clear
nights. The summers are extremely hot and dry with average daytime temperatures of 41
°C and average night time temperature of 29 °C. Monsoon season starts around mid
June. During monsoon, the average day temperatures gets lowered to 35 °C and average
night time temperature to 27 °C, however, this season has high humidity levels. The
northern region receives a rainfall ranging from 51 to 102 centimeters; whereas the
southern region receives 76 to 152 centimeters of rainfall. Rainfall in the southern
regions of Saurashtra and the Gulf of Cambay is low compared to the other parts of
Gujarat. Gujarat receives more than 3000 to 3200 hours of bright sunshine in a year and
more than 2000 kWh/m2/year of global solar radiation.
Fig 1.1: Climate in Gujarat Fig 1.2: Soil Map of Gujarat
Source: SOE 2005 Source: SOE 2005
Page 5
Table 1.3: Climate in Gujarat
Sr. No. Criteria Details
1. Summer Temperature Day: 32 – 43 ºC, Night: 27 to 32 ºC.
2. Winter Temperature Day: 10 – 25 ºC Night: 4 – 10 ºC
20 – 25 % in dry periods
3. Relative Humidity
55 – 95 % in wet periods
4. Annual Precipitation 500 – 1300 mm
Strong winds during monsoons from the south-

5. Wind east and dry cold winds from the north-east. In
summer, the winds are hot and dusty.
Source: SP2005, National Building Code of India 2005, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 2005
Fig 1.3: Physiography in Gujarat Fig 1.4: Rainfall in Gujarat
Source: SOE 2005

Source: SOE 2005
Page 6
1.2.2 Population Growth & Urbanisation
Gujarat has witnessed a decent growth in its population

in the last 60 years. From a small figure of 16.26 Lacs in
1951, the population was more 6.03 crores in 2011.
Gujarat is now the 10th most populous state of India and
has 5 per cent share of the country's population with a 6
per cent share of geographical area. Gujarat's population
has increased by 97,12,611 during the decade of 2001 to
2011. The urban population has seen a rise from 37.36
per cent in 2001 to 42.58 per cent in 2011, making it one
of the fastest growing urbanised states. In terms of Population, Ahmedabad is the largest
city of Gujarat and Surat and Vadodara are at number two and three. Rajkot is the fourth
largest city . The districts like Bhavnagar, Bhuj, Junagadh and Jamnagar have a high
percentage of urban population. The concentration of population in urban centers exerts
huge pressure on land, air and water quality. Ahmedabad ranks 52nd and Surat 77th in the
list of most populated urban cities in the world.
The broad changes in the state of Gujarat since census 2001 are as follows:
Table 1.4: Increase in Number of Towns in Gujarat
Sr. No. Level 2001 2011 Variation

1 Districts 25 26 +1
2 Talukas 226 225 -1
Towns 242 348 +106
3 Statutory Towns 185 195 +10
Census Towns 57 153 +96
4 Industrially Notified Area 17 26 +9
5 Villages 18539 18225 -314
Source: Census 2011
Statutory Town (ST): All places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified
town area committee etc.
Census Town (CT): Places that satisfy the following criteria are termed as Census Towns.
a)Minimum population of 5000; b) At least 75% of the male main working population engaged in
non-agricultural pursuits; c) A density of population of at least 400 per sq. km.
Population characteristics of Gujarat highlight that three districts of Ahmedabad, Surat

and Vadodara contribute to 29% of the population of Gujarat. Nearly 50% of the state’s
population resides in 7 districts viz. Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, Rajkot, Banaskantha,
Bhavnagar and Junagadh. Surat has the highest decadal growth rate and population
density, though urban population is maximum in Ahmedabad Disrict. It can be noted that
the characteristics of a district depend on the size of urban centers belonging to it.
Page 7
Table1.5: Population Characteristics in Gujarat 2011
Growth Rate
Population
Population
Population
Sr. No. DISTRICT
% of State
% Urban
Decadal
% Rural
Density
1 Ahmedabad 720820 22.31 11.94 15.95 84.05 890
2 Amreli 0
151361 8.59 2.51 74.51 25.49 205
3 Anand 4
209027 12.57 3.46 69.68 30.32 711
4 Banaskantha 6
311604 24.43 5.16 86.73 13.27 290
5 Bharuch 5
155082 13.14 2.57 65.93 34.07 238
6 Bhavnagar 2
287796 16.53 4.77 58.99 41.01 288
7 Dahod 1
212655 29.95 3.52 91.01 8.99 582
8 Gandhinagar 8
138747 12.15 2.30 56.79 43.21 660
9 Jamnagar 8
215913 13.38 3.58 55.04 44.96 153
10 Junagadh 0
274229 12.01 4.54 66.95 33.05 310
11 Kachchh 1
209031 32.03 3.46 65.28 34.72 46
12 Kheda 3
229893 12.81 3.81 77.24 22.76 541
13 Mehsana 4
202772 9.91 3.36 74.65 25.35 462
14 Narmada 7
590379 14.77 0.98 89.56 10.44 214
15 Navsari 133071 8.24 2.20 69.26 30.74 602
16 Panchmahal 1
238826 17.92 3.96 86 14 458
17 Patan 7
134274 13.53 2.22 79.07 20.93 234
18 Porbandar 6
586062 9.17 0.97 51.23 48.77 255
19 Rajkot 379977 19.87 6.29 41.88 58.12 339
20 Sabarkantha 0
242734 16.56 4.02 85.04 14.96 328
21 Surat 6
607923 42.19 10.07 20.32 79.68 1376
22 Surendranag 1
175587 15.89 2.91 71.7 28.3 167
23 ar
Tapi 3
806489 12.07 1.34 90.21 9.79 249
24 The Dang 226769 21.44 0.38 89.11 10.89 129
25 Vadodara 415756 14.16 6.89 50.46 49.54 551
26 Valsad 8
170306 20.74 2.82 62.77 37.23 561
Gujarat 8
603836 19.17 100.00 57.42 42.58 308
India 28 68.84 31.16
Source: Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011
The State with a 42.58 percent urban population in 2011 has 30 urban centers with more
than 1 lac population. Seven Municipal Corporations contribute to 56.12 percent of the
total urban population of the state.
Page 8
Table 1.6: Cities Having Population 1 lac & Above
Sr. No. Dist Code City Population

1 7 Ahmedabad (M Corp.) 5,570,585
2 25 Surat (M Corp.) 4,462,002
3 19 Vadodara (M Corp.) 1,666,703
4 9 Rajkot (M. Corp) 1,286,995
5 14 Bhavnagar (M Corp.) 593,768
6 10 Jamnagar (M Corp.) 529,308
7 12 Junagadh (M Corp.) 320,250
8 1 Gandhidham (M) 248,705
9 16 Nadiad (M) 218,150
10 6 Gandhinagar (NA) 208,299
11 15 Anand (M) 197,351
12 9 Morvi (M) 188,278
13 4 Mahesana (M) 184,133
14 8 Surendranagar Dudhrej (M) 177,827
15 21 Bharuch (M) 168,729
16 24 Vapi (M) 163,605
17 23 Navsari (M) 160,100
18 12 Veraval (M) 153,696
19 11 Porbandar (M) 152,136
20 1 Bhuj (M) 147,123
21 17 Godhra (M) 143,126
22 14 Botad (M) 130,302
23 2 Palanpur (M) 127,125
24 3 Patan (M) 125,502
25 9 Jetpur Navagadh (M) 118,550
26 24 Valsad (M) 114,987
27 6 Kalol (M) 112,126
28 9 Gondal (M) 112,064
29 2 Deesa (M) 111,149
30 13 Amreli (M) 105,980
Source: Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011
Page 9
1.2.3 Urban Heat Islands
The air temperatures in densely built urban

areas are often higher than the temperatures
of the surrounding countryside. The term
“urban heat island” refers to increased surface
temperatures in some pockets of a city, caused
by an ever changing microclimate. The
difference between the maximum city
temperature (measured at the city center) and
the surrounding countryside is the urban heat-
island intensity. The density of the built
environment and the extent of tree cover or vegetation primarily affect the heat-island
intensity. Pollution and heat due to vehicular traffic, industrialisation and human
activities are other contributing factors. The heat released from combustion of fuels also
adds to the ambient temperature of a city.
The hot and still anti-cyclonic weather conditions that are responsible for intense urban
heat island events also produce high air pollution levels. The chemical reactions that
produce ozone and smog are accelerated by high temperatures whilst low wind speeds
ensure that the heat and pollution remains trapped in the city. Climate Variables
affecting Heat Island are temperature, wind speed, solar irradiance & cloud cover,
relative humidity and precipitation.
Very few Heat island studies have been conducted so far and the pressure of Heat Island
in urban India is deliberated only in some conferences, seminars and papers published in
various journals. Remote Sensing and image processing tools are used to analyse the heat
island phenomenon. Detailed studies for Heat Island Intensity of Gujarat cities are not
available. It is likely that Amedabad and Surat may have a high Heat Island Intensity due
to high urbanization, vehicular growth and industrialisation. Vadodara and Rajkot with
their urban expansion and reducing tree cover may also possess moderate Heat Island
Intensity.
1.2.4 Industrialisation
Gujarat has continued to witness impressive

industrial development. Government of Gujarat
while announcing Industrial Policy in 2003 and 2009
had given strong emphasis on making Gujarat based
industries competitive enough to meet with
challenges of globalization. For this purpose
Government also announced various schemes such
as assistance for cleaner technology, upgradation of
technology for manufacturing and environmental
management system, subsidy for R & D activities and interest subsidy to SMES etc. An
important feature of the Industrial Policy is the scheme of cluster development. In the
state, 83 clusters have been identified with a range of industries. They are being
Page 10
strengthened with Government assistance in the form of developing common facilities

centers, up gradation of infrastructure, conducting training programmes for skill up
gradation etc. Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation is the agency responsible for
developing industrial estates in the State & industrial units get developed plots/sheds
with all amenities for setting up their units. There are 182 industrial estates spread
throughout the State covering an area of 3200 hectares. Also 60 SEZs have been notified
in the State so far. SIR Act was enacted by the State in 2009 for creating large size
investment regions in the State and to develop these regions as global hubs of economic
activity having world class infrastructure. Eleven such SIRs have been notified so far and
are at various stages of planning and development.
Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor – is an industrial development to be facilitated along

the proposed Dedicated Rail Corridor connecting Delhi to Mumbai covering an overall
length of 1483km.Gujarat contributes a staggering 38% to this proposed corridor with six
investment zones and industrial areas along this corridor.
Fig 1.5: Industrial Estates, SEZs, SIRs & DMIC Nodes in Gujarat
Source: GIDC & Perspective Plan DMIC
The total number of industries having pollution potential as registered with Gujarat
Pollution Control Board as on 02/05/2012 is 22125. The details are shown below.
Page 11
Table 1.7: Industries Registered with GPCB
Details of Industries Number

Total industries registered with GPCB 22125
Industries falling under Water Act 19302
Industries falling under Air Act 16509
Industries falling under Hazardous Waste Rules 14856
Industry under Red category 13780
Industry under Orange category 4694
Industry under Green category 3651
Small Scale industries 19132
Medium Scale Industries 984
Large Scale Industries 2006
Source: GPCB
Red category industries have the maximum pollution potential, orange medium and
green industry have low potential. This classification has been provided by the Central
Pollution Control Board. (pl refer Ann I for industrial sectors covered under
Red/Orange/Green categories). Table 1.9 lists the industries with air pollution potential
registered with GPCB. The jurisdiction area of various Regional Offices of GPCB is shown
in Fig 1.6.
Fig 1.6: Jurisdiction Area of Regional Offices of GPCB
Source: GPCB
Page 12
Table 1.8: Distribution of Air Polluting Industries in Gujarat (as on 02/05/2012)
Sr. No. RO name Air Polluting Units

1 Ahmedabad 2041
2 Anand 341
3 Ankleshwar 1002
4 Bharuch 177
5 Bhavnagar 705
6 Bhuj 762
7 Gandhinagar 1405
8 Godhra 468
9 Himatnagar 379
10 Jamnagar 557
11 Jetpur 159
12 Junagadh 489
13 Mehsana 577
14 Nadiad 342
15 Navsari 357
16 Palanpur 259
17 Porbandar 312
18 Rajkot 1889
19 Surat 1202
20 SurendraNgr 493
21 Vadodara 1240
22 Vapi 1353
Total 16509
Source: GPCB
Note: Gandhinagar RO also covers rural areas of Ahmedabad district, therefore number
of Air Polluting Industries is high under this RO.
Of the 17 most polluting categories classified, Gujarat has 15 categories except Tannery
and Zinc Smelters. (Table 1.10)
Page 13
Table 1.9: Large Industries under 17 Most Polluting Categories (28/02/2012)
Sr. No. CPCB Category Operational
1 Chlor Alkali 6
2 Aluminium 1
3 Cement 23
4 Copper 1
5 Dyes & Intermediates 57
6 Distillery 0
7 Fertilizers 8
8 Iron & steel 20
9 Oil Refineries 5
10 Pulp & Paper 49
11 Petrochemicals 16
12 Pesticides 32
13 Pharmaceuticals 84
14 Sugar 19
15 Tannery 0
16 Thermal Power 18
17 Zinc 0
Source: GPCB
Page 14
1.2.5 Power Sector
In Gujarat, private sector contributes 60 % and

public sector contributes 40% to the total
power generation. Power generation is largely
coal based and there is no nuclear power
generation in the state. Thermal Power
including coal, gas and diesel as fuel,
contributes 80% to the total power generation
in the State. Hydro power and renewable
energy contribute 5.30% and 15% respectively.
In Renewable energy, solar energy has a
contribution of 3%, biomass 1% & remaining is wind energy. The installed capacities are
shown in Table 1.10 and 1.11.
Power generation from fossil fuels contribute heavily to the carbon footprint. It is
expressed as grams of CO2 equivalent per kilowatt hour of generation (gCO2eq/kWh). The
carbon footprint of fossil-fuelled power plants is dominant due to emissions during their
operation. Indirect emissions during other life-cycle phases such as raw material
extraction and plant construction are relatively minor. Coal burning power systems have
the largest carbon footprint of all the power generation systems. Generation
technologies based on non-fossil fuel such as wind, solar (photovoltaic), hydro, biomass,
wave/tidal and nuclear power are 'low carbon' or 'carbon neutral' because they do not
emit CO2 during their operation. However, they are not 'carbon free' since CO2 emissions
arise in other phases of their life cycle such as during extraction, construction,
maintenance and decommissioning.
S. No. Source Carbon footprint range (gCO2eq/kWh)
1. Conventional coal combustion systems ~1,000 or more
2. Gas powered electricity generation ~500
3. photovoltaic power systems ~60
4. hydro power schemes with storage ~10-30
5. Run-of-river hydro power schemes ~5
6. Onshore and offshore wind plants ~4.8
7. Onshore and offshore wind plants ~5.5
8. Nuclear power generation ~5
Source: The 'carbon footprint' of power generation; Prakash Nayak, chairman, IET Power
Panel
Page 15
Fig 1.7: Location of Thermal Power Plants in Gujarat
Source: CEA & GPCL
Page 16
Table 1.10 Installed Capacity (MW) – Public and Private Sector
Particulars 01.004.2005 31.03.2012 01.04.2017
Total Capacity 8683 15306 30337
State (GSECL) 4995 (58%) 4996 8792

(33%) (29%)
State Owned 711 (08%) 1567(10%) 3276

IPPs (11%)
Private IPPs 1445 (16%) 5563 10792

(36%) (35%)
Centre Share 1532(18%) 3180 7477

(21%) (25%)
Table 1.11: Installed Capacity (MW) – Thermal and Renewable
Fuel MW %
Coal 8756 57
Gas 4172 27
Lignite 1040 7
Hydro 779 5
Nuclear 559 4
Total 15306 100
Page 17
Fig 1.8: Fuel Wise Distribution in Installed Capacity -

31/03/2012
Nuclear
Hydro
4%
Lignite 5%
7%
Gas Coal
27% 57%
Page 18
Fig 1.9: Percentage of Renewable Energy Sources in Gujarat
solar biomass
3% 1%
wind
96%
Source: GEDA
1.2.6 Mining
Among the air polluting sectors, minerals industry

ranks among the top. The impact of mining on air
starts from exploration phase, increases manifold
during operational phase and may even extend
beyond the mine closure. The fugitive emission is a
common phenomena related to mining, which is
very significant in case of open cast mining as
compared to underground mines. In addition,
waste handling, transportation and its storage also
have high dust potential. The intensity of dust generation in the mine lease area are also
influenced by various factor such as wind speed, hardness of the rock, mining technology,
mode of transportation and level of mechanisation.
Inadequate dust suppression measures and poor mine management practices may,
sometime, also cause widespread impact on local public health and occupational
diseases.
Page 19
Table 1.12: Mining activities and potential sources of air pollution
Pollution Mining activities
Drilling, Loading operation, Haul road,

Dust pollution Crushing and Storage of ore, Solid waste
handling & handling
Dust and gaseous pollutants like Blasting, Transportation

sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen
Air pollution and water pollution Tailing waste
Source: Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi
Figure 1.11 shows the mining areas in Gujarat. District wise distribution of mining areas in
the State is shown in Table 1.13. According to the Map, mining covers only 0.033% of the
total state area. Kachchh with 28.18 km2 has maximum area under mining in the state.
But mining contributes only 0.062% to landuse of the total district area. Sabarkantha has
highest percentage in landuse under mining (0.115%). Mining in Gujarat is usually done
for production of Agate, Steatite , Gypsum, Limestone, Lignite, Bauxite, Laterite,
Dolomite, Clay (others), China Clay, Bentonite, Quartz ,Silica sand and Chalk.
Fig 1.10: Mining Areas in Gujarat
Source: LULC Info (2005-06) Bhuvan beta Thematic Services Map
Page 20
Table 1.13: District wise Distribution of Mining Area in Gujarat

Sr. No. District Area km2 Mining Area km2 % Area under Mining
Gujarat 196024 65.06 0.033
1 Kachchh 45652 28.18 under
0.062 Mining
2 Sabarkantha 7390 8.52 0.115
3 Surendranagar 10489 7.67 0.073
4 Panchmahals 5257 5.1 0.097
5 Kheda 4150 4.28 0.103
6 Rajkot 11203 4.07 0.036
7 Vadodara 7794 3.42 0.044
8 Amreli 6760 0.98 0.014
9 Bhavnagar 11155 0.72 0.006
10 Junagarh 8306 0.48 0.006
11 Jamnagar 14125 0.47 0.003
12 Patan 5684 0.46 0.008
13 Ahmedabad 8707 0.42 0.005
14 Surat 7657 0.22 0.003
15 Mahesana 3343 0.08 0.002
Source: LULC Info (2005-06) Bhuvan beta Thematic Services Map
1.2.7 Vehicular Growth
The increasing urbanisation and industrialisation has increased demand for transport.
Public transport systems have not been able to keep pace with the rapid and substantial
increases in demand over past few decades. The urban road chaos is increasing day by
day with ever increasing share of personalized modes especially of two wheelers and four
wheelers. Infrastructure shortages are evident with traffic snarls and grid locks. Bus
services in particular have deteriorated and their relative output has been further
reduced as passengers have turned to personalised modes and intermediate public
transport (such as three-wheelers and taxis). Major Factors contributing to poor air
quality on road are as below:
 Congestion
 Low speeds on major corridors
 Fleet sizes of public transport
 Increase in trip lengths due to urban sprawl
 Operating buses in congested streets
 Increase in purchase power of people
 Completely inadequate facilities for cycling
Page 21
Vehicular air pollution is one of the major contributors to overall air pollution in any area.
The continuous rise in the number of vehicles is adding to the problem. The pollutants in
vehicular pollution like carbon monoxide, sulphur, nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbon, lead,
sulphur dioxide, and particulate matter affect human health and cause diseases like cold,
cough, asthma, headache, cancer etc. The vehicular population in the last decade has
grown from 5576040 to 12993135 (133.02%) in Gujarat. In 2011 major contributor to the
fleet are the two wheelers forming 73.17%, followed by private cars and goods vehicles
as seen in Fig 1.12.
Fig1.11 Categorywise Distribution of Vehicles In Gujarat (31/03/2011)

Other Goods
Vehicles(including Vehicles,
5.22 Passenger
Trailors, 2.27 Ambulance), 0.35 Vehicles, 0.65
Tractors, 3.41
Private Cars, 9.37
Taxi Cab, 0.38
Jeeps, 1.24
Autorikshaw, 3.93
Two Wheelers,
73.17
Source: Office of Transport Commissioner
Growth of vehicle fleet in Gujarat from 1961 to 2011 is shown in Table 1.14. In 1961,
there were maximum number of private cars (36.84%) followed by goods vehicles
(25.76%). Two wheelers formed only 18.81% of total vehicular population. The
percentage of two wheelers was 73.17% in 2011, private cars formed 9.37% and good
vehicles only 5.22%. Proportion of other categories of vehicles has almost remained
same. Passenger vehicles in 2011 contribute only 0.65% to the total number. In Table
1.14, actual numbers of private cars, taxi cabs, jeeps, autorickshaws, tractors, trailors and
other Vehicles (Including ambulance) have been taken and the rest are covered as under:
Goods Vehicles Passenger Vehicles Two Wheelers
 Trucks  State Carriage  Motorcycles/Scooters

 Tankers  Contract Carriage  Mopeds
 3Wheel  Maxi Cabs
Vehicles  School Buses
 Other Light  Priv.Serv.Vehicles
Vehicles  Police Vans
Page 22
Total Other Trailors Tractor Two Autorik Jeeps Taxi Private Passenger Goods Type of
Vehicles s Wheelers shaw Cab Cars Vehicles Vehicles Vehicle
(including
Ambulance)
4323 251 1517 1944 8132 1103 700 15927 2518 11138 1961
0
100. 0.58 3.51 4.50 18.81 2.55 0.00 1.62 36.84 5.82 25.76 % of
Section I – Pressure
Source: Transport Department

00 total
vehicle
1479 959 7991 12292 49934 7692 7985 1669 28641 5961 24843 1971
s
67
100. 0.65 5.40 8.31 33.75 5.20 5.40 1.13 19.36 4.03 16.79 % of
00 total
vehicle
5224 2253 29600 37415 281397 33458 15641 3073 57046 12927 49641 1981
s
51
100. 0.43 5.67 7.16 53.86 6.40 2.99 0.59 10.92 2.47 9.50 % of
00 total
vehicle
2052 3713 72780 92541 1412007 108129 36737 10917 155292 24779 135496 1991
s
391
100. 0.18 3.55 4.51 68.80 5.27 1.79 0.53 7.57 1.21 6.60 % of
Table 1.14: Growth of Vehicular Population in Gujarat over decades
00 total
5576 11910 180950 242158 3964869 234726 94117 32348 438058 45993 330911 vehicle
2001
040 s
100. 0.21 3.25 4.34 71.11 4.21 1.69 0.58 7.86 0.82 5.93 % of
00 total
vehicle
1299 45322 294885 442737 9507556 511270 16080 49124 121803 84607 678804 2011
s
3135 0 0
Page 23
100. 0.35 2.27 3.41 73.17 3.93 1.24 0.38 9.37 0.65 5.22 % of
00 total
vehicle
s
14000
Fig 1.12: Vehicle Population : All Vehicles
12000
10000
8000
No. of Vehicles ('000)
6000
4000
2000
0
96- 97- 98- 99- 00- 01- 02- 03- 04- 05- 06- 07- 08- 09- 10-
97 98 99 20 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
All Vehicles 3777 4203 4680 5191 5576 6008 6508 7088 7817 8622 9497 1028 1099 1187 1299
From the total fleet of vehicles, non transport vehicles are more than 85% and transport
vehicles form the remaining 15%. Trends of last decade show that proportion of non
transport vehicles has increased from 85 % to 87% and transport vehicles reduced in the
same proportion. The Transport and Non Transport vehicles are categorized as under:
Transport Vehicles Non Transport Vehicles
Goods Vehicles Police Van

Motor Car& Station
 Truck/ Lorries Wagons
 Tankers Jeep
 Wheeler Goods Vehicles Tractor
 Other Light Goods Vehicles Motor Cycle
Scooters
Passenger Vehicles Mopeds
Others
 Buses
 Maxi-Cab
 School Bus
 Private Service Vehicles
 Taxi
 Auto-Rickshaw
Ambulance
Trailors
Page 24
Fig 1.13:Transport and NonTransport Vehicles in Gujarat
14000000
12000000
10000000
Number
8000000
6000000
4000000
2000000
0
2000-2001 2005-2006 2010-2011
Transport 826046 1112590 1621857
NonTransport 4749994 7509700 11371278
Total 5576040 8622290 12993135
RTO wise Vehicle Distribution
There are 27 RTO and ARTOs in Gujarat. The Dangs district is dealt by Valsad RTO
whereas Surat district consists of two RTOs, viz in Surat & Bardoli. The RTO of Vyara is
constituted for Tapi District. The trend for proportion of vehicles in each district is similar
to that of the state. But the proportion of two wheelers in districts of Rajkot, Dahod,
Navsari, Rajpipla, Surat and Vyara is more than 80% of the total vehicle fleet. Detailed
vehicular information from 1996-97 till 2011 is provided in Annexure IV.
Page 25
Table 1.15: Distribution of Vehicles in Various RTOs of Gujarat
Passenger Vehicle
Auto Rickshaw
Goods Vehicle
2Wheeler
Tractor
Trailor
Other
RTO Year Total
2000-2001 54331 199289 51100 870379 24497 17125 3209 1219930
Ahmedabad
2005-2006 68722 271970 77896 1307107 30236 19182 5115 1780228
2010-2011 100401 423284 128240 1875658 39636 24166 9187 2600572
2000-2001 18106 31266 14180 133498 29354 19497 477 246378
Mahesana
2005-2006 22331 42569 16331 194559 33270 21292 823 331175
2010-2011 29164 59515 22451 282469 38373 23880 1474 457326
2000-2001 32702 36179 6681 370581 15051 16666 1157 479017
Rajkot 2005-2006 42225 53703 9717 595271 18187 20161 1961 741225
2010-2011 57880 101052 17568 917682 28512 28927 4261 1155882
2000-2001 12311 11731 5568 180247 10871 11626 270 232624

Bhavnagar 2005-2006 16519 16779 8051 265992 12365 12894 427 333027
2010-2011 24509 26723 10382 367454 17121 17095 980 464264
2000-2001 29170 75043 33432 602583 12488 8473 461 761650
Surat 2005-2006 40141 124326 57851 964843 13814 9187 988 1211150
2010-2011 62321 210000 79980 1370899 16161 10242 2515 1752118
2000-2001 31768 72293 26494 453301 12426 8827 866 605975

Vadodara
2005-2006 41417 106285 31549 680751 15889 10895 1308 888094
Page 26
Passenger Vehicle
Auto Rickshaw
Goods Vehicle
2Wheeler
Tractor
Trailor
Other
RTO Year Total
2010-2011 58131 165249 48225 984383 24406 15442 4001 1299837
2000-2001 27480 38305 34077 231932 32863 19580 148 384385
Nadiad 2005-2006 31939 46970 40327 300966 38862 21250 311 480625
2010-2011 37703 57243 50859 374732 45994 23967 440 590938
2000-2001 4951 9398 4466 35306 21790 9947 32 85890
Palanpur 2005-2006 8908 15656 5935 63179 29469 12418 108 135673
2010-2011 12893 24842 8858 115385 38819 17058 331 218186
2000-2001 11332 10219 6020 84750 17332 10866 20 140539
Himmatnagar 2005-2006 16272 17874 9333 162802 22924 12294 65 241564
2010-2011 24460 32034 13768 262536 30209 14652 482 378141
2000-2001 18745 12111 3102 134812 5638 6636 561 181605
Jamnagar 2005-2006 24982 19118 4346 210627 8121 9026 1313 277533
2010-2011 36282 34838 5951 333319 16614 15504 3729 446237
Junagarh 2000-2001 20323 8628 5099 126976 8897 10825 167 180915
Page 27
Passenger Vehicle
Auto Rickshaw
Goods Vehicle
2Wheeler
Tractor
Trailor
Other
RTO Year Total
2005-2006 25132 12823 6166 200480 11126 12679 199 268605
2010-2011 34212 21202 7062 311658 17459 15329 418 407340
2000-2001 20763 17120 6058 125167 11275 9040 668 190091
Bhuj 2005-2006 33669 28991 9095 222677 14817 12338 1625 323212
511561
2010-2011 52855 52612 12876 348160 22528 18206 4324
2000-2001 4842 3528 930 56088 12508 9623 60 87579
Surendranagar 2005-2006 8201 6445 1784 95922 17216 11811 106 141485
2010-2011 13094 11157 3406 149264 23909 15508 397 216735
2000-2001 4317 2436 415 38947 4367 5565 56 56103
Amreli 2005-2006 5894 4459 628 69758 5236 6718 92 92785
2010-2011 8812 7849 855 114492 8573 10486 145 151212
2000-2001 16139 31839 15804 210171 6085 4684 327 285049
Valsad 2005-2006 21629 41627 22150 292296 6497 5126 866 390191
2010-2011 30501 61884 30083 405531 7827 5938 1537 543301
Page 28
Passenger Vehicle
Auto Rickshaw
Goods Vehicle
2Wheeler
Tractor
Trailor
Other
RTO Year Total
2000-2001 9270 16397 10004 112821 6339 3776 244 158851
Bharuch 2005-2006 14351 30971 12043 194396 8289 4558 498 265106
2010-2011 21003 51142 19392 277047 11885 6108 1847 388424
2000-2001 8627 9778 7360 74312 5043 4404 128 109652
Godhara 2005-2006 7991 11284 8863 97628 6179 4999 230 137174
2010-2011 11541 18002 12196 153848 10998 8196 323 215104
2000-2001 2787 19326 1920 54220 1842 1010 161 81266
Gandhinagar 2005-2006 9006 40591 3651 129472 4868 2120 509 190217
2010-2011 21566 70748 11511 217635 9419 4195 1674 336748
2000-2001 1419 4535 714 39473 1480 1064 43 48728
Bardoli 2005-2006 3784 9828 1313 83847 2981 2092 150 103995
2010-2011 7402 18216 2688 130460 5389 3926 416 168497
2000-2001 654 1850 841 15868 1105 1056 12 21386

Dahod
2005-2006 3905 5714 2676 52456 3135 2851 58 70795
Page 29
Passenger Vehicle
Auto Rickshaw
Goods Vehicle
2Wheeler
Tractor
Trailor
Other
RTO Year Total
2010-2011 6191 8676 3598 94168 5629 4747 156 123165
2000-2001 429 1016 133 8248 92 129 20 10067
Navsari 2005-2006 3278 7970 1310 71226 647 691 348 85470
2010-2011 8983 21383 3120 149684 2006 1492 572 187240
2000-2001 234 663 153 2616 701 411 15 4793
Patan 2005-2006 2206 3784 631 23058 3609 1743 107 35138
2010-2011 4745 8609 1458 58584 7389 3663 196 84644
2000-2001 211 322 175 2573 114 120 52 3567
Porbandar
2005-2006 1958 1844 691 21942 583 511 136 27665
2010-2011 4039 4472 1132 49594 2249 1668 218 63372
2000-2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rajpipla 2005-2006 344 749 119 7491 262 128 6 9099
2010-2011 846 2078 496 20419 1129 611 40 25619
Anand 2000-2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Page 30
Passenger Vehicle
Auto Rickshaw
Goods Vehicle
2Wheeler
Tractor
Trailor
Other
RTO Year Total
2005-2006 2898 6862 4239 43363 2803 826 68 61059
2010-2011 9026 24507 15092 136584 10242 3811 253 199515
2000-2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2005-2006 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vyara
2010-2011 244 633 23 5911 261 68 17 7157
2000-2001 330911 613272 234726 3964869 242158 180950 9154 5576040
GUJARAT 2005-2006 457702 929192 336695 6352109 311385 217790 17417 8622290
1299313
2010-2011 678804 1517950 511270 9507556 442737 294885 39933
5
Note: The year wise and RTO wise vehicle details for the period V1996-1997 TO 2010-
2011 is presented in Annexure IV.
Page 31
Vehicle Distribution in Urban Centers
In Urban centers of Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot, two wheelers form the
largest proportion of vehicle fleet, followed by three wheeler and four wheelers.
Following figure shows the population of these vehicles upto March 2009.
Fig 1.14: Distribution of Vehicles in Major Urban Centers of Gujarat
Ahmedabad as on 31/3/2009
16%
6%
78%
2 Wheelers 3 Wheelers 4 & more
Vadodara as on 31/3/2008
15%
5%
80%
Page 32
Surat as on 31/3/2009
5% 12%
83%
Rajkot as on 31/3/2008
17%
3%
80%
1.2.8 Fuel Usage

Table 1.16 shows retail sales of petrol and diesel in Gujarat. More than 90% of sale of
these fuels is through public sector companies ie IOC, BPCL and HPCL. With conversion of
vehicles to cleaner technologies, slight change is observed in consumption of petrol and
diesel from 2009 onwards.
Page 33
Table 1.16: Retail Fuel Sale Details for Gujarat
Petrol - Retail Sales (in KL) 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
IOC 213492 226785 331386 390374 412425 442621
BPC 190819 190547 200101 222869 240537 260877
HPC 143277 148099 163743 190287 207301 223222
IBP 80093 77508 0 741 6309 10230
RIL 71122 77614 57722 1823 10469 22958
ESSAR 9285 6624 20590 11423 38194 47048
Total 708088 727177 773542 817518 915235 1006956
% increase 3% 6% 5% 11% 9%
PSU Subtotal 547588 565431 695230 803531 860263 926720
PSU % 77% 78% 90% 98% 94% 92%
HSD - Retail Sales (in KL) 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
IOC 643213 795757 1157477 1297559 1275714 1407744
BPC 449177 542673 575748 640652 642641 706881
HPC 352900 409803 456075 518932 512720 584399
IBP 235718 263671 0 205 3572 1457
RIL 417768 263654 119051 1105 82963 123625
ESSAR 46061 16474 33514 55244 234788 189352
Total 2144837 2292032 2341865 2513697 2752398 3013458
% increase 6% 2% 7% 9% 9%
PSU Subtotal 1445290 1748233 2189300 2457143 2431075 2699024
PSU % 67% 76% 93% 98% 88% 90%
Source: IOCL Ahmedabad
Page 34
Retail CNG Sales
Due to Government initiative to promote switching over of the vehicles to cleaner fuel
CNG, the retail network started getting established in Gujarat since 2006. Following table
shows percentage change in sale of petrol, diesel and CNG for the years 2007-08 to 2010-
11. The percentage increase in sale of CNG is higher than petrol and diesel.
Table 1.17: Vehicular Growth and Fuel Consumptionis
% increase
% increase
HSD
CNG
Total Vehicles
MS
% Increase
% increase
2007-08 10289056 2341865 695230 113915
2008-09 10998651 6% 2513697 7% 803531 13% 160425 29%
2009-10 11872573 7% 2752398 9% 860263 7% 207114 23%
2010-11 12993135 9% 3013458 9% 926720 7% 266083 22%
Source: IOCL Ahmedabad
1.2.9 Travel Mode Characteristics
Ahmedabad district contributes 20% to the total vehicular population of Gujarat. In the
City, trips by two wheelers form 45.20% of the total trips followed by bicycles and buses.
16.77% of the commuting population still walks to its destination. The trips by Public
Transport are meagre 8.97%. (Fig 1.17).
Page 35
Fig 1.15: Travel Mode Chracteristics-Ahmedabad 2007
4.45% 8.97%
16.77%
4.96% Walk
Bicycle
TW
19.66% Car
Auto Rickshaw
Bus
45.20%
Source: CEPT , Ahmedabad
1.2.10 Indoor Air Pollution
A considerable amount of air pollution results

from burning of fossil fuels. The household
sector is the second largest consumer of
energy in India after the industrial sector.
National Family Health Survey-3 (NFHS-3)
found that 71% of India's households use solid
fuels for cooking whereas this figure is 91 %
for rural households. According to the same
survey, more than 60% of Indian households
depend on traditional sources of energy like
fuel-wood, dung and crop residue for meeting their cooking and heating needs. Burning
of traditional fuels produces large quantities of CO2 in the atmosphere, but if there is an
incomplete combustion followed by oxidation, CO is produced in addition to
hydrocarbons. ‘Sick Building Syndrome’ is a growing concern worldwide. Smoke from
solid cooking fuels such as wood, charcoal, and animal dung leads to a range of serious
health problems including respiratory infections, low birth weight, and eye problems.
Prevalence of TB can be associated to type of house and main cooking fuel.
Page 36
Fig 1.16: Fuel1.5

Usage for Rural Gujarat at HH Level NFHS 2
0.2
9.7
Wood
0.1 6.5 Coal/coke/lignite/charcoal
2.7 Crop residues
0.7
0.6
Dung cakes
Electricity
Kerosene
LPG
Biogas
78
Other
Source: NFHS
As the surveys suggest, Gujarat still has 77.30% rural population using unprocessed solid
fuel. The improvement in 5 years from NFHS- 2 and NFHS -3 is marginal and usage of
unprocessed fuel is reduced only by 4.7 % in rural areas. For a progressive state like
Gujarat having abundant natural resources, this is an alarming figure. It indicates lack of
implementation of national plans at the grass root level.
Fig 1.17: Fuel Usage1.4for

0.7Rural Gujarat at HH Level NFHS 3
16.6 Wood
Coal/coke/lignite/charcoal
Crop residues
3.8 Dung cakes
0.4 Electricity
1.9
Kerosene
5.5 LPG
Biogas
1.2 68.7 Other
Source: NFHS
Page 37
Table 1.18: Percentage Usage of Fuel at Household level
Sr. Proportion of Households by NFHS 2 CENSUS 2001 NFHS 3

No. Type of Fuel Usage Urban Rural
(1998-1999) Urban Rural Urban Rural
(2005-06)
1. Wood 16.8 78 17.15 75.98 16 68.7
2. Coal/coke/lignite/charcoal 0.7 0.6 4.79 0.53 1.3 1.2
3. Crop residues 0.1 0.7 0.02 0.02 0.1 5.5
4. Dung cakes 2 2.7 4.67 14.35 0.7 1.9
Unprocessed Solid Fuel 19.6 82 26.63 90.88 18.1 77.3
5. Electricity 0.2 0.1 0.09 0.09 0.6 0.4
6. Kerosene 23 6.5 31.53 3.77 11.3 3.8
7. Liquid petroleum gas 57 9.7 40.03 3.38 68.3 16.6
8. Biogas 0.1 1.5 1.07 0.97 0.2 1.4
9. Other 0.2 0.2 0.65 0.91 1.4 0.7
Cleaner Fuel 80.5 18 73.37 9.12 81.8 22.9
Total Fuel 100 100 100 100 100 100
Source: NFHS and Census 2001
Fig 1.18: Fuel Usage at Household level in Gujarat State

100
90.88
90
80.5 82 81.8
80 77.3
73.37
Fuel Usage in Percentage
70
60
50 Unprocessed Solid Fuel

40 Cleaner Fuel
30 26.63
22.9
19.6 18 18.1
20
9.12
10
0
1995-96 1995-96 2001 2001 Rural 2005-06 2005-06
Urban Rural Urban Urban Rural
Page 38
Section II- State
Section II – State State of Air Environment
SECTION II - STATE
An inventory of air pollutants is a necessary step towards control of air pollution. Central
Pollution Control Board is executing a nation-wide programme of ambient air quality
monitoring known as National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). In Gujarat there
are 19 NAMP stations. GPCB, on behalf of State government also monitors air quality at
another 25 stations under State Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme (SAMP). There
are another set of stations where air monitoring is done only once in a year. HC and CO are
also monitored at three stations in Vadodara - CETP Nandesari, RO GPCB and Dandiya Bazar.
Fig 2.1: Air Quality Monitoring Stations in Gujarat
Source: GPCB
Based on the annual mean concentration in microgram per cubic metre of ambient air
(μg/m3); levels of SO2, NO2, SPM have been described as Low (L), Moderate (M), High (H)
and Critical (C) for various regions such as Industrial (I), Residential and mixed use (R) areas
as per the classification shown in Tables 2.1.
Page 39
Table 2.1: Classification of Air Quality
Pollution Level Industrial (I) Residential (R )
SO2, NOx RSPM SPM SO2, NOx, RSPM SPM
Low (L) 0-40 0-60 0-180 0-30 0-70
Moderate (M) 40-80 60-120 180-360 30-60 70-140
High (H) 80-120 120-180 360-540 60-90 140-210
Critical (C ) >120 >180 >540 >90 >210
Source: CPCB (2005)
Note: Classification is based on the ambient air quality standards which were applicable
before 18th Nov 2009. The data presented for SO2, NOx, SPM, RSPM for the period 2006 to
Dec 2010 uses this classification as the monitoring of new parameters was not initiated in
the State. All the monitoring stations are classified into residential or industrial depending
upon their characteristics.
2.1 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SO2 in Residential Areas
The trends for SO2 in Residential Areas in the last five years show that the values are well
within the permissible limits.
Table 2.2: Annual Averages- SO2 in Residential Areas
Sr. No. Location City District Sr.No.

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
1 Behrampura Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 9.92 11.25 12.17 16.08 15.08

referl Hospital
2 Cadila Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 12.00 14.58 12.42 18.75 15.58

Laboratories
3 LD Engg College Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 9.17 8.83 12.17 13.33 11.92
4 Naroda,S.P.Ring Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 9.45 11.42 14.08 13.25

Road
5 Nava vadaj Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 9.73 11.92 14.50 14.33
6 R.C Tech High Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 11.33 11.50 11.75 14.83 15.25
School
Page 40
Sr. No. Location City District Sr.No.

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
7 Satelite Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 9.40 12.00 14.75 14.58
8 Durga Traders Ankleshwar Bharuch 21.33 18.00 15.17 17.33 14.92
9 Piramal Vill. Ankleshwar Bharuch NA 15.64 14.25 13.25 13.08
10 Fisheries Office Jamnagar Jamnagar 10.75 12.25 9.75 13.75 12.50
11 GPcb Office Jamnagar Jamnagar NA 10.55 9.92 13.17 11.83
12 Fire Brigade Rajkot Rajkot NA 10.82 9.58 10.25 12.00

Station
13 GPCB Office Rajkot Rajkot 10.58 11.67 9.67 10.33 12.00
14 Air India Building Surat Surat 22.92 19.33 17.67 17.50 15.75
15 Delhi GatePolice Surat Surat NA 13.45 14.25 14.75 15.08

chowki
16 SVR Engg College Surat Surat 20.75 15.25 13.50 15.25 13.17
17 Bapod Vadodara Vadodara NA 11.82 10.50 11.67 12.42
18 Chhani Vadodara Vadodara NA 16.64 12.17 14.08 14.33
19 Dandiya Bazzar Vadodara Vadodara 17.67 17.08 13.33 16.33 15.58
20 Gotri Vadodara Vadodara NA 14.09 11.25 12.33 12.92
21 GPCB Office Vadodara Vadodara 8.75 8.92 9.08 11.08 11.58
22 Nagar Palika Vapi Valsad 21.92 19.08 14.50 14.75 13.83
Page 41
2.2 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SO2 in Industrial Areas
The trends for SO2 in Industrial Areas in the last five years show that the values are well
within permissible limits. Only at one location in Surat, SO2 is relatively high but it is still
Table 2.3: Annual Averages- SO2 in Industrial Areas
Sr. No. Location City District 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
1 Mukesh Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 19.55 14.75 18.83 20.25

Industries
2 Naroda GIDC Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 13.17 16.75 12.83 17.42 19.50
3 Shardaben Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 10.50 12.33 12.42 14.33 13.92

Hospital
4 Vatva-Odhav, Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 10.45 12.08 13.92 13.67

S.P.Ring Road
5 Alang-ship Alang Bhavnagar NA 11.64 9.92 9.17 9.50

Breaking Yard
6 Rallis India Ankleshwar Bharuch 25.50 26.33 22.00 21.25 18.50
7 Valia Road Ankleshwar Bharuch NA 14.45 13.33 14.42 15.50
8 Lunwa Bhachau Kutcch NA 11.00 11.08 15.33 12.75
9 Chitra GIDC Bhavnagar Bhavnagar NA 13.55 11.00 9.83 10.33
10 Sosiya Ship Bhavnagar Bhavnagar NA 10.64 9.08 9.00 9.08

Breaking Yard
11 Gandhidham - Kandla Kutcch NA 9.45 9.33 11.33 10.58

Kandla
12 Morbi GIDC Morbi Rajkot NA 12.82 10.25 11.83 12.58
13 Near Sardhara Rajkot Rajkot 11.42 12.92 11.25 12.08 13.00

Corpn
14 High Choice Surat Surat NA 46.55 52.58 74.67 72.33

Processors
15 Kadodara Surat Surat NA 15.45 16.25 15.83 15.75
Page 42
16 BRC Highschool Udhna Surat 25.33 24.25 20.83 23.33 20.25
17 GIDC Nandesari Vadodara Vadodara 25.42 23.42 19.00 21.17 22.75
18 GEB Vapi Valsad 25.17 25.75 18.58 16.67 16.00
19 GIDC Estate Vapi Valsad NA 22.91 21.67 20.25 15.92
20 Gpcb Office Vapi Valsad NA 15.82 13.83 14.25 13.92
21 Wankaner Gidc Wankaner Rajkot NA 10.73 9.50 10.17 12.75
2.3 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of NOx in Residential Areas
The trends for NOx in Residential Areas in the last five years show that the values are well
Table 2.4: Annual Averages- NOx in Residential Areas
Sr. Location City District 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

No.

referl Hospital

Laboratories

Road
School
Page 43

No.

Station
14 Air India Surat Surat 30.00 28.42 24.83 26.00 24.08

Building
15 Delhi GatePolice Surat Surat NA 21.64 22.17 23.83 24.33

chowki
16 SVR Engg Surat Surat 27.58 23.17 21.25 23.25 21.25

College
2.4 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of NOx in Industrial Areas
The trends for NOx in Industrial Areas in the last five years show that the values are well
within permissible limits. Only at GIDC Nandesari, NOx is relatively high but it is still within
the permissible limits.
Page 44
Table 2.5: Annual Average - Nox in Industrial Areas

No.

Industries
2 Naroda GIDC Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 26.83 30.50 21.17 21.92 26.00

Hospital
4 Vatva - Odhav, Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 15.73 18.58 19.17 18.33

S. P. Ring Road

Breaking Yard

Breaking Yard
11 Gandhidham - Kandla Kutcch NA 24.73 25.33 23.17 22.08

Kandla
13 Near Sardhara Rajkot Rajkot 22.58 18.25 15.17 16.92 17.75

Corpn

Processors
16 BRC Highschool Udhna Surat 32.00 30.58 26.58 29.33 26.33
17 GIDC Nandesari Vadodara Vadodara 38.92 41.92 43.42 44.92 42.33
18 GEB Vapi Valsad 35.17 32.42 24.50 24.08 23.17
Page 45

No.
21 Wankaner Gidc Wankaner Rajkot NA 15.18 12.75 14.17 17.33
2.5 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SPM in Residential Areas
SPM values at all monitoring stations in Residential areas are above the permissible limits.
Only two locations at Bapod and GPCB office in Vadodara show the values to be lower than
the permissible limits during the years 2008, 2009 and 2010.
Table 2.6: Annual Averages- SPM in Residential Areas

No.

referl
Hospital

Laboratories
3 LD Engg Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 205.08 136.67 175.25 182.50 149.83

College
4 Naroda, Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 155.73 178.17 194.75 173.42

S.P.Ring Road
School
8 Durga Ankleshwar Bharuch 167.58 172.92 154.42 158.33 147.42

Traders
Page 46

No.
10 Fisheries Jamnagar Jamnagar 180.00 188.58 174.83 193.83 192.50

Office

Station

Building
15 Delhi Surat Surat NA 169.82 154.17 160.92 172.67

GatePolice
chowki

College
19 Dandiya Vadodara Vadodara 241.67 245.08 138.17 181.17 212.00

Bazzar
2.6 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of SPM in Industrial Areas
SPM values at all monitoring stations in industrial are within the permissible limits. Only
Mukesh Industries and GIDC Naroda in Ahmedabad show values higher than the permissible
limits. Mukesh Industries has shown consistently higher values since 2007.
Page 47
Table 2.7: Annual Averages- SPM in Industrial Areas

No.

Industries
2 Naroda Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 331.08 351.50 331.58 297.42 381.92

GIDC

Hospital
4 Vatva- Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 179.82 192.42 189.00 179.17

Odhav,
S.P.Ring
Road

Breaking
Yard

Breaking
Yard
11 Gandhidham Kandla Kutcch NA 176.55 165.33 141.92 126.42

- Kandla
13 Near Rajkot Rajkot 298.67 217.92 217.33 227.50 208.25

Sardhara
Corpn

Processors
16 BRC Udhna Surat 179.92 209.42 198.75 201.25 182.58
Page 48

No.
Highschool
17 GIDC Vadodara Vadodara 350.00 339.33 277.33 289.17 315.83

Nandesari
18 GEB Vapi Valsad 171.42 161.58 168.25 163.08 176.92
21 Wankaner Wankaner Rajkot NA 176.36 168.25 169.25 200.58

Gidc
2.7 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of RSPM in Residential Areas
RSPM values at all monitoring stations in residential areas are above the permissible limits.
Fisheries office and GPCB office Jamnagar are consistently above critical level. Only two
locations at Bapod and GPCB office in Vadodara have shown values to be lower than
permissible limits.
Table 2.8: Annual Averages- RSPM in Residential Areas

No.

referl Hospital

Laboratories

Road
School
Page 49

No.

Station

Building
15 Delhi Surat Surat NA 82.45 77.17 80.00 80.75

GatePolice
chowki

College
Page 50
120
Fig 2.2: RSPM - Ahmedabad (Residential Areas)
100
80
ug/m3
60
2006
40
2007
20
2008
0 2009
2010
Location
140 Fig 2.3: RSPM - Vadodara (ResidentialAreas)
120
100
80 2006
ug/m3
2007
60
2008
40 2009
2010
20
0
Bapod Chhani Dandiya Gotri GPCB Office
Bazzar
Location
Page 51
140 Fig 2.4: RSPM - Surat (Residential)
120
100
80 2006
μg/Nm3
2007
60 2008
2009
40
2010
20
0
Air India Building Delhi GatePolice chowki SVR Engg College
Location
100 Fig 2.5: RSPM - Rajkot (Residential Area)

90
80
70
60 2006
μg/Nm3
50 2007
2008
40
2009
30
2010
20
10
0
Fire Brigade Station GPCB Office
Location
Page 52
120 Fig 2.6: RSPM - Jamnagar (Residential Area)
100
80
2006
μg/Nm3
60 2007
2008
40 2009
2010
20
0
Fisheries Office GPcb Office
Location
2.8 Trends in Annual Average Concentration of RSPM in Industrial Areas
RSPM values at all monitoring stations in industrial are within the permissible limits. Mukesh
Industries and GIDC Naroda in Ahmedabad show values to be higher than the permissible
limits. Lunva Bhachau and GIDC Nandesari also exhibit the same characteristics.
Table 2.9: Annual Average –RSPM in Industrial Areas
Sr.
Location City District 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
No.
Mukesh 214.2 170.2 174.1 189.3

1 Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA
Industries 7 5 7 3
2 Naroda Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 143.92 150.4 133.6 128.9 160.4

GIDC 2 7 2 2
Shardaben
3 Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 91.83 84.17 79.42 88.08 82.17
Hospital
Vatva-
4 Odhav, Ahmedabad Ahmedabad NA 79.18 78.83 84.17 85.00
S.P.Ring
Road
Page 53
Sr.
Location City District 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
No.
Alang-ship 108.3
5 Alang Bhavnagar NA 94.42 90.17 85.33
Breaking 6
Yard
2 7

2 8 5 3
5 5 7 8
Sosiya Ship
10 Breaking Bhavnagar Bhavnagar NA 92.45 84.75 79.17 75.83
Yard
Gandhidha
11 Kandla Kutcch NA 94.64 89.83 76.17 66.75
m - Kandla

7 8 7 7
Near 121.5 119.0 122.9 117.0
13 Rajkot Rajkot 178.58
Sardhara 0 8 2 0
Corpn
High 121.0 137.2 126.5 113.9
14 Surat Surat NA
Choice 0 5 8 2
Processors
BRC 104.5 100.3 100.3

16 Udhna Surat 129.42 83.75
Highschool 0 3 3
GIDC 152.0 120.0 124.4 134.1

17 Vadodara Vadodara 173.58
Nandesari 0 8 2 7
18 GEB Vapi Valsad 121.00 81.08 83.08 90.67 86.33
19 GIDC Vapi Valsad NA 85.45 80.83 87.83 95.42

Estate
20 Gpcb Vapi Valsad NA 64.64 74.17 79.25 81.67
Office
Wankaner 108.6
21 Wankaner Rajkot NA 95.45 93.08 92.25
Gidc 7
Page 54
Fig 2.7: RSPM levels at Important Industrial Locations

240.00
180.00
ug/m3
120.00
60.00 2006
2007
0.00
2008
2009
2010
Location
Note: In addition to above stations, GPCB also monitors the air quality at certain locations
only once in a year. The details of these stations and observed ambient air quality values for
various parameters are provided in Annexure II.
2.9 Trends in PM2.5 in Ahmedabad
Ambient air quality standards with respect to PM2.5 have been notified since 18th Nov 2009.
GPCB initiated monitoring of this parameter in Ahmedabad since June 2011. The monthly
averages for these stations are provided in following Table 2.10.
Table 2.10: PM 2.5 for Ahmedabad Standard

Mar-12
Nov-12
Aug-12
Dec-11
Sep-12
Feb-12
Oct-12
Jun-11
Jan-12
Jul-12
Location
GIDC Naroda
(Above Police 35.25 34.25 30.3 27 34.28 34 43 45.4 56.12 75.5 40
Chowki)
Cadila
Laboratory, Narol 60.88 60.88 40.5 45.88 30.3 41 41 46.3 37.25 50.38 40
Page 55
Standard
Mar-12
Nov-12
Aug-12
Dec-11
Sep-12
Feb-12
Oct-12
Jun-11
Jan-12
Jul-12
Location
L D Engineering
College, 11.25 9.63 7.6 9.13 12.9 23 29 30.6 27.75 41.63 40
Navrangpur
Shardaben
Hospital, 18.88 21.88 17.5 16.63 20.8 26 40 37.3 34.75 51.37 40
Saraspur
R C Technical
18.2 17.63 13.6 12.38 23.9 24 37 38.6 32.25 41.72 40
School, Mirzapur
Behrampura
20.5 20.5 16.7 13.88 21.1 23 37 29.4 36.75 43.62 40
Referral Hospital
Mukesh Ind
Narol
68.63 63 55.3 50.38 40.2 53 58 45.5 59.25 71.4 40
S P Ring Road
Naroda, Nr HP 35.25 34.25 28.7 24.88 20.5 30 40 36.9 44.63 42.63 40
Petrol Pump
Satellite Area,
Chinmay Seva 24 21.25 17 15 20.3 27 40 37.7 42 39.5 40
Trust
Vatva Odhav
Ring Rd, Rel 31.13 30.13 26.1 20.88 20.2 28 40 37.7 49 49.75 40
Petrol Pump
Nehru Bridge 77.38 68.15 59.6 54.13 44 55 52 48 50.25 57.63 40
Source: GPCB; All values in µg/Nm3
The trends for a few residential and industrial areas in Ahmedabad are graphically shown
below. The values are compared with annual standards though we don’t have annual
average for this parameter as the monitoring was started recently. PM2.5 is higher in winter
months and lower in monsoon months. The calmer conditions in winter facilitate more
stability to atmosphere and consequently reduce dispersion of pollutants generated and
help in build up of pollutants in proximity of pollutant sources. Lower average mixing height
in winter season results in less volume of troposphere available for mixing and results in
higher SPM concentrations.
Page 56
Fig 2.8: GIDC Naroda(Above Police Chowki) - Industrial Area

80
70
60
PM2.5 Values in µg/Nm3
50
40
30
20
10
0
Jun-11 Jul-11 Aug-11 Sep-11 Oct-11 Nov-11 Dec-11 Jan-12 Feb-12 Mar-12
Month
Fig 2.9: Nehru Bridge - Traffic Junction

90
80
PM 2.5 Values in µg/Nm3
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Month
Page 57
Fig2.10: Satellite Area, Chinmay Seva Trust - Residential Area

45
40
35
PM 2.5 Valves in µg/Nm3
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Month
2.10 Monitoring of VOCs
VOCs are organic compounds with boiling points between 500C to 2600C and vapour
pressure equal to or more than 0.01 kPa at 250C. The term encompasses a very large and
diverse group of carbon containing compounds including aliphatic, aromatic and
halogenated hydrocarbons, aldehydes, esters, acids, alcohols, ketones and others. The
sources of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are numerous and broadly they can be
divided into:
1. Natural (forests, termites, wetlands and tundras)
2. Anthropogenic (industrial namely manufacturing of paints, varnishes, solvents, chemical,

fertilizers and petroleum refining and processing, fossil fuel combustion in
transportation and electricity generation, landfills and waste treatment plants, and
household products)
Monitoring of VOCs has been initiated by GPCB for 25 industrial clusters in Gujarat. List of
these clusters is shown in following table and location map is shown in Fig 2.11.
Page 58
Table 2.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOCs in Gujarat
Sr. No. Name of Cluster Sampling Location

1 GIDC, Vapi, Valsad Club – 3 Building
2 GIDC, Sarigam, Valsad Meckloyed Pharma, Road No.: 25, GIDC Sarigam
3 Hazira Area, Surat Ichachhapore Village
4 GIDC, Sachin, Surat Hi – Choice Processors Pvt. Ltd.
5 GIDC, Pandesara, Surat Pandesara GIDC Office
6 GIDC, Ankleshwar, Bharuch Rallis (India) Ltd., Ankleshwar
7 Jagadia Industrial Estate, DCM Shreeram Pharma
Bharuch
8 Dahej area, Bharuch Gujarat Alkali Chemical Ltd.
9 GIDC, Panoli, Bharuch Hikal Ltd., Plot No. 629-630
10 ECP Office, NR. IPCL, Vadodara ECPL Pump House, Chiku Wadi, Baroda
11 Nandesari, Vadodara Nandesari Common Effluent Treatment Plant
12 Savli, Vadodara Lubrizol Advanced Materials India Pvt. Ltd.
13 Ekalbara, Vadodara Above Mahuvad Fire Station, Near Transpec Company
14 GIDC, Odhav, Ahmedabad Odhav Industrial Association, L-203, GIDC Estate
15 GIDC, Naroda, Ahmedabad Udhyog Nagar Police Chowki, Naroda GIDC

16 GIDC, Vatva, Ahmedabad Vatva Industrial Association, GIDC Estate.
17 Changodar – Bavala (Kerala Gmbell Healthcare (India) Pvt. Ltd.
GIDC), Ahmedabad
18 GIDC, Chhatral, Kalol Sairam Industries, Chhatral GIDC, Gandhinagar
19 Sanand Area Loxim Industries Limited, Iyava Village, Sanand
20 Aji Vasahat / Morbi – Wankaner Near Aji Vasahat, GIDC Rajkot
21 Moti Khavadi, Jamnagar Hirabhai Solanki’s Terrace, Near Water Tank
22 GIDC, Chitra, Bhavnagar Plot No. 279
23 Mundra, Kutch Amrut Chamber, Baroi Road, Mundra.
24 Anjar, Kutch Gangotri, Plot No. 3, Anjar.
25 Bhachau-Gandhidham Road, Lunva Bhachau, Kutch

Kutch
Source: GEMI, Gandhinagar
Page 59
Fig 2.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOCs in Gujarat
Source: GPCB
Monitoring is carried out fortnightly for these 25 clusters. Standard for annual average for
VOCs is 5 ug/m3. Details for compounds within VOC for each station can be referred to in
Annexure III. The following graphs shows the level of benzene in certain clusters where they
have been found to be consistently higher. Please note that the values are not annual
averages as VOC monitoring is a recent initiative by GPCB and annual averages were not
available whereas standard is for annual average.
Another interesting observation is that concentration of Benzo-a-pyrene is less than 0.5

ng/m3 in all clusters whereas standard for this is 01 ng/m3. Trends for benzene at select
clusters are depicted in Fig 2.12 to Fig 2.17.
Page 60
Fig 2.12: Benzene Concentration -Pandesara

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
May A May B June A June B July A JulyB
Fig 2.13: Benzene Concentration - Ankleshwar

20
15
10
0
Fig 2.14: Benzene Concentration - Dahej

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Page 61
Fig 2.15: Benzene Concentration - Panoli

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Fig 2.16: Benzene Concentration - Naroda

7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Fig 2.17: Benzene Concentration - Vatva

10
0
Page 62
2.11 Noise Monitoring
Noise is known to cause psychological stress in both human beings and animals. The source
of noise could be domestic, industrial or vehicles. The permissible noise levels vary for
different landuses. (Table 2.12)
Table 2.12: Noise Standards
Sr. Category Of Area Limits In dB

No.
Day Time Night Time
6 am–10 pm 10 pm – 6 am
1. Industrial Area 75 70
2. Commercial Area 65 55
3. Residential Area 55 45
4. Silence Zone i.e. Hospital, Educational Institutes Etc. 50 40
Note:
 Day time is reckoned between 6 am to 10 pm. Night time is reckoned between 10

pm to 6 am.
 Silence zone is defined as areas up to 100 m around premises such as hospitals,

educational institutions and courts. The silence zones are to be declared by the
competent authority.
Note: The noise levels are not monitored by GPCB on regular basis. This exercise is carried out
only during Navratri and Diwali festivals. The number of noise monitoring done by each RO
during these festivals is presented in following table. For getting the values, one can refer to
the GPCB Annual Reports for these years.
Page 63
Table 2.13: Noise Monitoring During The Navratri Festival
Regional Office Number of Monitoring Station Year wise
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-2011
Ahmedabad - 49 - 35
Bharuch 4 21 - -
Bhavnagar - 4 - -
Jamnagar 2 16 - -
Mehasana - 13 - -
Rajkot 1 9 3 22
Surat 5 42 - 23
Vadodara - 40 5 -
Vapi - 10 - -
Godhara - 49 - -
Bhuj
Junagarh 2 - - -
Nadiad - 5 - -
Gandhinagar - - - 20
Anand - 5 - -
Source: GPCB Annual Reports
Page 64
Table 2.14: Noise Monitoring During Diwali Festival
Regional Office Number of Monitoring Station Year wise
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Ahmedabad 1 14 3 16
Bharuch 3 2 3 -
Bhavnagar 2 12 1 -
Jamnagar 2 16 2 -
Mehasana 2 2 1 -
Rajkot 1 4 1 8
Surat 4 3 4 3
Vadodara 11 6 11 -
Vapi 2 2 2 -
Godhara 1 25 - -
Bhuj - - 1 -
Junagarh 1 - 1 -
Nadiad - - 1 -
Gandhinagar - - - 13
The ambient noise levels in Gujarat during the monitoring period at all time are above
specified ambient noise standards. The fire cracker bursting and traffic are two important
contributors of ambient noise. Residential areas are affected significantly by higher noise
levels. The emission of smoke arising out of bursting of fire crackers add to increased levels
of air pollution, particularly in terms of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), SPM and Respiratory
Suspended Particulate Matter.
Page 65
2.12 Odour Monitoring
Most commonly reported odour-producing compounds are hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg
odour) and ammonia (sharp pungent odour). Carbon disulfide, mercaptans, product of
decomposition of proteins (especially of animal origin) phenols and some petroleum
hydrocarbons are other common odorants. Most offensive odour is created by the
anaerobic decay of wet organic matter such as flesh, manure etc. For example, odour
originating from livestock manure is a result of a broad range of over 168 odour producing
compounds. Warm temperature enhances anaerobic decay and foul odour production.
Odour can arise from many sources and most of the sources are man-made. Garbage
dumping on vacant land is a common phenomenon. It leads to foul smell due to putrefaction
of dumped garbage, which lies uncollected for days together. Unscientific design of landfill &
improper sewage treatment practices produce unpleasant odour. Industries such as Pulp &
Paper, Fertilizer, Pesticides, Tanneries, Sugar & Distillery, Chemical, Dye & Dye
Intermediates, Bulk Drugs & Pharmaceuticals, Large Livestock operations, Poultry Farms,
Slaughter Houses, Food and Meat processing industries and Bone Mills are among major
contributors to odour pollution. Agricultural activities like decaying of vegetation,
production and application of compost etc. also contribute to odour pollution. In urban
areas, improper handling of public amenities like toilets of cinema hall, bus / railway
stations, hospitals, shopping complex etc. generate pungent odour, which affects the users
as well as neighbourhood residents. Congested markets do not allow the escape of odour
from markets, thus causing problems to shop-owners and customers. Vehicular sector also
has its share in odour pollution. Rapidly growing vehicular population as well as pollutants
emitted by them generate harmful and pungent odour.
Measurement of Odour Pollution
Of the five senses, the sense of smell is the most complex and unique in structure and
organization. Sense of smell is accomplished with two main nerves. The olfactometry nerve
(first cranial nerve) processes the perception of chemicals. The trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial
nerve) processes the irritation or pungency (sensation) of chemicals. All olfactory signals
meet in the olfactory bulb where the information is distributed to two different parts of the
brain. One major pathway of information is to the limbic system which processes emotion
and memory response of the body. The second major information pathway is to the frontal
cortex. This is where conscious sensations take place, as the information is processed with
other sensations and is compared with accumulated life experiences for the individual to
possibly recognize the odour and make some decisions about the experiences. The entire
trip, from nostril to signal in the brain, takes as little as 500 milliseconds.
In India, Schedule II and Schedule VI (General standards for discharge of effluents) under
Environmental (Protection) Rules, 1986 prescribe that all efforts shall be made to remove
unpleasant odour as far as practicable. Nonetheless, there are only two industries, wherein
industry specific standards under Schedule I of these Rules have made odour removal
compulsory. These are the fermentation industries and the natural rubber industries. The
standards for many other major odour pollution causing industries such as pulp and paper
Page 66
mills, tanneries, meat processing industries, bulk drug and pharmaceutical units, food and
fruit processing units, dairies and milk plants etc. do not specify odour control.
However, several countries such as Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Japan,
New Zealand, The Netherlands, United Kindom, United States have developed and adopted
Legislations for measurement of odour. The EN 13725 was released in year 2003 and now EN
13725 unifies the odour sampling and testing standards of 18 countries (Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands,Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom). Also
EN 13725 follows ISO 9000 quality assurance and scientific testing protocols. The new
European standard EN 13725 has been adopted by Australia and New Zealand as AS / NZS
4323:3:2001 (AS, 2001).
2.13 Hot Spots
Major contributors to air pollution are Population, industries and Vehicles. Table 2.15 shows
that districts of Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot alone form 35% population and
54% of vehicles in the state in 2011. Percentage of the population from these districts has
almost remained the same over the last decade (34.77% in 2001) but percentage
contribution of vehicles has reduced (55.87% in 2001). Districts of Tapi, Porbandar, Narmada
and The Dangs contribute least to the population as well as vehicles in Gujarat.
Table 2.15: District wise Contribution to Population and Vehicles of Gujarat
Sr. District Population % To Total Vehicles % To Total

No. 2011 Population Vehicles
1 Ahmedabad 7208200 11.94 2600572 20.01
2 Surat 6079231 10.07 1920615 14.78
3 Vadodara 4157568 6.89 1299837 10.00
4 Rajkot 3799770 6.29 1155882 8.90
5 Banaskantha 3116045 5.16 218186 1.68
6 Bhavnagar 2877961 4.77 464264 3.57
7 Junagadh 2742291 4.54 407340 3.14
8 Sabarkantha 2427346 4.02 378141 2.91
9 Panchmahal 2388267 3.96 215104 1.66
Page 67
Sr. District Population % To Total Vehicles % To Total

No. 2011 Population Vehicles
10 Kheda 2298934 3.81 590938 4.55
11 Jamnagar 2159130 3.58 446237 3.43
12 Dahod 2126558 3.52 123165 0.95
13 Kachchh 2090313 3.46 511561 3.94
14 Anand 2090276 3.46 199515 1.54
15 Mehsana 2027727 3.36 457326 3.52
16 Surendranagar 1755873 2.91 216735 1.67
17 Valsad 1703068 2.82 543301 4.18
18 Bharuch 1550822 2.57 388424 2.99
19 Amreli 1513614 2.51 151212 1.16
20 Gandhinagar 1387478 2.30 336748 2.59
21 Patan 1342746 2.22 84644 0.65
22 Navsari 1330711 2.20 187240 1.44
23 Tapi 806489 1.34 7157 0.06
24 Narmada 590379 0.98 25619 0.20
25 Porbandar 586062 0.97 63372 0.49
26 The Dang 226769 0.38 NA NA
Gujarat 60383628 100.00 12993135 100.00
Source: Census 2011 and Transport Department
Classifying the districts of Gujarat in terms of their population, industries and vehicle
fleet has been done in Table 2.16.
Page 68
Sr.
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Sabarkantha Junagadh Bhavnagar Banaskantha Rajkot Vadodara Surat Ahmedabad District No.
2427346 2742291 2877961 3116045 3799770 4157568 6079231 7208200 Population
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Population Rank
Section II – State
379 489 705 259 2048 1240 1202 2041 Air Polluting Industries
15 13 9 20 1 5 6 2 Air Polluting Industries

Rank
378141 407340 464264 218186 1155882 1299837 1920615 2600572 Vehicle Population
Table 2.16: Ranking of Districts
13 11 8 15 4 3 2 1 Vehicle Population
Rank
328 310 288 290 339 551 1376 890 Population Density
13 14 16 15 12 8 1 2 Population Density
Rank
16.56 12.01 16.53 24.43 19.87 14.16 42.19 22.31 Decadal Growth
10 22 11 4 8 14 1 5 Decadal Growth Rank
14.96 33.05 41.01 13.27 58.12 49.54 79.68 84.05 Urban Population %
20 12 8 22 3 4 2 1 Urban Population
Rank
85.04 66.95 58.99 86.73 41.88 50.46 20.32 15.95 Rural Population %
7 15 19 5 24 23 25 26 Rural Population Rank
Page 69
9
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
Page 70
Amreli Bharuch Valsad Surendranagar Mehsana Anand Kachchh Dahod Jamnagar Kheda Panchmahal
1513614 1550822 1703068 1755873 2027727 2090276 2090313 2126558 2159130 2298934 2388267
19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
in s. 6 1179 1353 493 577 341 762 in s.9 557 342 468
7 4 12 10 18 8 11 17 14
151212 388424 543301 216735 457326 199515 511561 123165 446237 590938 215104
20 12 6 16 9 18 7 21 10 5 17
205 238 561 167 462 711 46 582 153 541 458
22 19 7 23 10 3 26 6 24 9 11
8.59 13.14 20.74 15.89 9.91 12.57 32.03 29.95 13.38 12.81 17.92
25 17 7 12 23 19 2 3 16 18 9
25.49 34.07 37.23 28.3 25.35 30.32 34.72 8.99 44.96 22.76 14
16 11 9 15 17 14 10 26 6 18 21
74.51 65.93 62.77 71.7 74.65 69.68 65.28 91.01 55.04 77.24 86
11 16 18 12 10 13 17 1 21 9 6
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
Gujarat The Dang Porbandar Narmada Tapi Navsari Patan Gandhinagar
60383628 226769 586062 590379 806489 1330711 1342746 1387478
26 25 24 23 22 21 20
16509 in s. 17 312 in s. 18 ins. 22 357 in s. 5 1405
19 16 3
12993135 NA 63372 25619 7157 187240 84644 336748
NA 23 24 25 19 22 14
308 129 255 214 249 602 234 660
25 17 21 18 5 20 4
19.17 21.44 9.17 14.77 12.07 8.24 13.53 12.15
6 24 13 21 26 15 20
42.58 10.89 48.77 10.44 9.79 30.74 20.93 43.21
RO is falls under Rajkot district and Ankleshwar under Bharuch district.

23 5 24 25 13 19 7
57.42 89.11 51.23 89.56 90.21 69.26 79.07 56.79

4 22 3 2 14 8 20
Tapi District, Valsad includes The Dangs district, Bhavnagar includes Amreli district. Jetpur
Banaskantha includes Patan district, Panchmahal includes Dahod District, Navsari includes
*Note: Gandinagar includes Gandhinagar district with Ahmedabad Rural districts,
Page 71
Rate of urbanisation and industrialization leading to growth of vehicles make cities

Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara and Rajkot the hot spots for air pollution. The density of
population and vehicles is also highest in these urban centres. Surat leads followed by
Ahmedabad, Anand and Gandhinagar districts respectively for density of population. The
districts have grown differently in last decade with highest growth in Surat followed by
Kachchh, Dahod, Banaskantha and Ahmedabad. The Dangs district which has 89 % rural
population follows Ahmedabad with 84% urban population in decadal growth. According to
the pressure due to air polluting industries, Rajkot has maximum API followed by
Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Valsad, Vadodara and Surat.
If we look into the industrial clusters, the values of SO2, NOx, SPM and RSPM do not cross
the critical levels in general. However, if we consider benzene, then industrial areas of
Naroda, Vatva, Pandesara, Ankleshwar, Panoli and Dahej exhibit continuously higher values.
Page 72
Section III - Impact
Section III – Impact State of Air Environment
SECTION III - IMPACT
The United Nations Environment Programme has estimated that globally 1.1 billion
people breathe unhealthy air (UNEP, 2002). Epidemiological studies have shown that
concentrations of ambient air particles are associated with a wide range of effects on
human health, especially on the cardio-respiratory system. Beyond its human health
impacts, air pollution is also detrimental to ecosystems. Through direct exposure and
accumulation, reactive compounds negatively impact plant growth and are primary
contributors to acid rain, which can diminish fish stocks, decrease biological diversity in
sensitive ecosystems, degrade forests and soils, and diminish agricultural productivity. Air
pollution is also known to have damaging effect on non living materials in the form of
corrosion of metal, soiling and eroding of building surfaces etc. People with low immune
systems, those suffering from other diseases, children, the aged, and people with lung
diseases are the people who suffer more. There is no dependable database to track these
disease and death rates so it is difficult to produce scientific evidence.
3.1 Economic Impacts
Improvement of air quality is associated with reduction in the number of premature

deaths, episodes of acute illness such as asthma attacks and the number of chronic
respiratory illness cases. Economic value of an illness episode is quantified as:
 The value of work time lost due to the illness by the patient or the caregiver, or
both
 The medical cost of treatment
 The amount paid to avoid the pain and suffering associated with the illness, and
 The value of leisure time lost due to the illness by the patient or caregiver.
 Not many studies have been conducted to estimate the economic loss due to
effect of air pollution on materials. Depreciation in property value occurs near
odour causing operations/ industries and odorous environment.
3.2 Health Impacts
Several epidemiological studies have established a direct relationship between the

pollutants and health hazards ranging from morbidity (illness) to mortality (death from
illness).The health impacts of various air pollutants are summarized in Table 3.1.
Page 73
Table: 3.1: Air Pollutants & their Health Impacts
Air Pollutants Respiratory diseases
Particulates Acute respiratory infections, asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia, skin diseases,

chronic conjunctivitis
SO2 Irritates respiratory system, causes bronchitis
NOx Burning of eyes, nose etc, severe irritation of respiratory system, influenza
CO Deprive body cell of oxygen, causes unconsciousness
HC Affects central nervous system
O3 Eye irritation, pulmonary congestion, edema, hemorrhage
Chlorine Severe lung irritation, irritates the eye
H2S Respiratory paralysis, causes immediate unconsciousness
Ammonia Skin and respiratory tract irritation
Asbestos Lung cancer
Lead Brain damage, muscular paralysis, convulsions
PAHs Lung cancer
VOCs Cancer, affects central nervous system, respiratory track irritation
3.2.1 Health Impacts due to Indoor Air Pollution
A number of studies have been carried out to address the health effects of use of various
fuels. Exposure to combustion products from solid fuels has been considered an
important cause of several diseases, including acute respiratory infections, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer of the lung, nasopharynx, and larynx. Biomass
and coal smoke contain a large number of pollutants, including particulate matter,
carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur oxides, formaldehyde, polycyclic organic
compounds, and metals, such as arsenic. Smoky coal has been found to be more
carcinogenic than cleaner coal and wood smoke when tested on mouse skin. There is
growing evidence that exposure to indoor smoke can cause serious respiratory and other
adverse health effects which may include Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in children
and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic bronchitis in women.
Studies show risks for acute respiratory infections (ARI), COPD, and lung cancer.
Tuberculosis (TB), asthma, and blindness may also be caused due the long exposures.
Page 74
Box 3.1: WHO Study on Indoor Air Pollution

According to World Health Organization, Household Air Pollution from Solid Fuels ranks
1st and Pollution from other sources ranks 6th in the top 10 risk factors for diseases in
2010 in Asia (mainly India). Indoor Air Pollution was claiming 5,00,000 lives in India every
year, most of whom were women and children. India accounted for 80% of the 6,00,000
premature deaths that occur in south east Asia annually due to exposure to Indoor Air
Pollution. Nearly 70% of rural households don’t even have ventilation. WHO has
estimated that pollution levels in rural Indian kitchens are 30 times higher than
recommended levels and 6 times higher than air pollution level.
3.2.2 Health Impacts due to Mining
The generation of fugitive dust during mining activities is a serious concern. It not only
causes direct impact on the health of the workers and community, but also affects the
land productivity and general well being of a region. The incidence of respiratory and
ophthalmic illness is far more acute in mining workers, whose workplaces are choked
with dust. In addition to pneumoconiosis and bronchitis, coal miners also experiences
various other diseases such as black lung diseases like sever dyspnea (shortness of
breath) and air ways obstruction. Tuberculosis, blood dysentery and seasonal fevers are
quite common. The common ailments associated with mining sector include
 Respiratory diseases: Pneumoconiosis including silicosis and asbestosis

bronchitis, asthma, tuberculosis
 Eye ailments: cataract, conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, glaucoma and squint
trachoma
3.2.3 Health Impacts due to Noise Pollution
Often neglected, noise induces a severe impact on humans and on living organisms.
Some of the adverse effects are summarised below.
Annoyance It creates annoyance to the receptors due to sound level fluctuations.

Physiological effects The physiological features like breathing amplitude, blood pressure,
heart-beat rate, pulse rate, blood cholesterol are effected.
Loss of hearing Long exposure to high sound levels cause loss of hearing. This is mostly
unnoticed, but has an adverse impact on hearing function.
Human performance The working performance of workers/human will be affected as they'll
be losing their concentration.
Nervous system It causes pain, ringing in the ears, feeling of tiredness, thereby
affecting the functioning of human system.
Sleeplessness It affects the sleeping thereby inducing the people to become restless
and suffer from lose of concentration.
Page 75
3.2.4 Health Impacts due to Heat Islands
Hot weather places additional stress on the body, raising health risks for the vulnerable
and increasing discomfort for everyone. During extreme weather events such as heat
waves, the urban heat island has the potential to prevent the city from cooling down,
maintaining night time temperatures at a level that affects human health and comfort.
The consequences for the health can be severe with increased chances of heat stroke,
physiological disruption, organ damage, and even death.
3.2.5 Health Impacts due to Odour
Odour affects human beings in a number of ways. Strong, unpleasant or offensive smells
can interfere with a person’s enjoyment of life especially if they are frequent and / or
persistent. Though foul odour may not cause direct damage to health, toxic stimulants of
odour may cause ill health or respiratory symptoms. Secondary effects may be nausea,
insomnia and discomfort. Very strong odour can result in nasal irritation, trigger
symptoms in individuals with breathing problems or asthma.
3.3 Other Impacts
 Mining also has impact on climate change due to release of methane gas from the
coal seams. On an average, Indian open cast coal mine release 1 m3 of methane per
ton of coal, whereas in underground mine, methane release varies from 1 to 23
m3/ton of coal produced.
 The buildings and materials may get damaged by exposure to infrasonic / ultrasonic
waves and even get collapsed.
 Evapo-transpiration rates will also be enhanced by high urban temperatures and
plants & trees will potentially extract water from the soil at greater rates than
normal.
 Plant growth is inhibited due to reduction in photosynthesis as the layers of
particulates deposit on the leaves.
Page 76
3.4. Some Impact Studies Carried Out In Recent Past
3.4.1 National Environmental Health Profile and Comparative Health Risk

Assessment of Ahmedabad, sponsored by WHO through Ministry of
Environment & Forests. Conducted by NIOH 2004-05
The study has enumerated the reasons for air pollution in Ahmedabad as listed out in
Table 3.2. The air pollutants have then been linked to major diseases as listed in Table
3.3.
Table 3.2: Reasons for Air pollution
Vehicles Industrial Miscellaneous
 Adulterated fuel  Thermal Power Plants  Open burning of leaves, waste,

 Poor maintenance  Textile Process House etc
 Road borne dust  Dyes, Dyes intermediates  Road side dust
and chemical industry  Construction activities
 Dairy, Flour mills, bakeries,  Soil type
gram and ground nut  Desertification
roasting units  Meteorological conditions
 Foundries, crushing and  Cyclones/storms
grinding units  Domestic chulas
 Brick kilns and incinerators  Firing of crackers during
 Coal yards and ash yards/ festivals and marriage
ponds ceremonies
Table 3.3: Diseases Identified Due to Air Pollution
S. No. Disease S.No. Disease
1. Diphtheria 6. Congenital defects
2. Pneumonia 7. AGA
3. Measles 8. Cancer
4. TB 9. Cardiac Respiratory arrests
5. Acute Myocardial infraction 10. Asthma
Page 77
3.4.2 Survey of Traffic Policemen conducted by Traffic Department in January 2012
The survey was conducted to find pulmonary problems like Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Diseases (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis and cystic fibrosis in traffic
policemen.
Lung Function tests conducted on the traffic police men confirmed that 45 % of the
policemen tested were suffering from breathing and other respiratory problems. Some of
them have been found to have definite abnormalities.
3.4.3 Health Impacts of Air Pollution in Ahmedabad
A medical study was conducted by National Institute of Occupational Health (NIOH) in

2003 in three different areas of Ahmedabad, viz. Residential area (L.D.Engg. College),
Commercial area (Nehru Bridge), Industrial area (Naroda). Distribution of percentage
morbidity is as follows:
(Total families covered: 679 – Residential: 200, Commercial: 242, Industrial: 237)
Morbidity Industrial area Commercial area Residential area

No. % No. % No. %
Chronic Cough 37 3.7 16 1.6 15 2.0
Breathlessness while 53 5.5 50 4.6 27 3.3
walking
Wheezing 36 3.7 9 0.8 19 2.3
Hemoptysis 6 0.6 4 0.4 4 0.5
Asthma 23 2.4 8 0.7 14 0.5
T. B. 6 0.6 5 0.5 2 0.2
Nausea 56 5.8 11 1.0 11 1.4
Eye Irritation 234 24.3 32 3.5 49 6.7
Cataract 32 3.5 64 5.9 17 2.1
Observations of NIOH
 The study showed that symptoms like cough, breathlessness while walking,
haemoptysis have been more in industrial area. Asthma, Tuberculosis and chronic
bronchitis were also higher in industrial area. Wheezing has been significantly
higher in industrial area.
 The medical data from the different hospitals from Ahmedabad were also collected;
however correct database regarding disease pattern due to air pollution was not
available. Amongst air borne disease pattern, maximum cases of T.B. were reported
in 1997 to 2003. While cases of Pneumonia, Diphtheria and Measles were
comparatively less reported. High RSPM levels probably enhance chest disease
pattern.
Page 78
3.4.4 Disease Pattern Related to Air Pollution
The following table presents the number of reported cases of diseases in Gujarat which
can be linked to air pollution. Though we do not have any study which directly links these
cases to air pollution; this is an indicative pattern. The numbers of cases reported for
Cardio Vascular Diseases, Cancer and Pulmonary Pneumonia have substantially increased
in the last five years. Though the number of cases reported in whooping cough is very
nominal the trend of increased patients in last five years is observed. Numbers of cases
reported in lung diseases have also doubled.
Table 3.4: Disease Pattern Related to Air Pollution in Gujarat
S. Disease 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

No.
1. No. of Sputum 348473 357333 388774 409815 438613
2. Cardio
examined Vascular
under - 23098 55449 63465 68980
3. Diseases
Lungs
National disease - 55896 81303 82107 96373
4. Tuberculosis
Cancer - 488 228 11459* 32034
5. Control Cough 25
Whooping 0 5 84 -
6. Programme
Acute respiratory 609501 557035 571034 604468 -
7. infection
Pneumonia 5883 8092 6265 4573 -
Including Influenza and
8. Pulmonary
excluding Pneumonia
30988 20759 33778 394119 -
Tuberculosis
Source: Health Report 2010-2011 *including Cancer Hospital Ahmedabad
Box 3.2: Effect of Air Pollution on Human Health (adults) in Delhi
In order to determine health effects of air pollution, CPCB initiated an Epidemiological Study
in Delhi with the help of Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata. The study was
carried out during November 2002 and August 2005 in various parts of Delhi and in different
seasons and the report was published in 2008. The study findings had shown that 33.2%
residents of Delhi had one or more respiratory symptoms as compared to 19.6% of control
subjects. Lung function was reduced in 40.3% individuals of Delhi compared with 20.1% in
control group. Lung function reduction was more prevalent in women than in men both in
rural and urban settings. People from lower SES had greater prevalence of lung function
deficits. Besides gender, smoking habit, Body mass index and Socio economic status,
particulate air pollution was positively associated with lung function deficits. hronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was detected in 3.9% residents of Delhi against 0.8%
of controls.
Page 79
Section IV - Response
Section IV – Response State of Air Environment
SECTION IV - RESPONSE
Efforts have been made by various stakeholders to abate air pollution from different
sources. These efforts are being made by national & state agencies and individuals to adopt
strategies that can reduce the impacts due to air pollution. Government of India had
enacted the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 to arrest the deterioration in
the air quality.
The efforts by various stakeholders can be categorized into three main categories:
1. At National Level
2. At State Level
3. At Individual Level
A set of initiatives have been taken under all the three categories. These are discussed in
detail in the following paragraphs.
4.1 At National Level
The Central Government enjoys the powers to make Acts, Rules, Regulations, Norms and
Standards for the purpose of protecting the environment. The State Government agencies
are mainly enforcing agencies. The State agencies normally adopt these standards or make
them stringent where they would like to prevent the air pollution and improve upon the air
quality.
4.1.1 Ambient Air Quality Norms
Standards are a pre-requisite for effective management of ambient air quality. The
objectives of air quality standards are:
• To indicate the levels of air quality necessary with an adequate margin of safety to
protect the public health, vegetation and property
• To assist in establishing priorities for abatement and control of pollutant level
• To provide uniform yardstick for assessing air quality at national level
• To indicate the need and extent of monitoring programme
The Central Pollution Control Board introduced Ambient Air Quality Standards on November
11, 1982 as per section 16 (2) (h) of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
The air quality standards have been revised by the Central Pollution Control Board on April
11, 1994. These have been further made stringent by notification dated 18th Nov 2009.
These standards are presented in following tables.
Page 80
Table 4.1: Pre Revised Ambient Air Quality Norms
Pollutant Concentration (μg/Nm3)

Annual Average 24 Hourly average
Industrial Residenti Sensitive Industrial Residential Sensitive
Area al Area Area Area Area Area
SO2 80 60 15 120 80 30
NO2 80 60 15 120 80 30
SPM 360 140 70 500 200 100
Pb 1.0 0.75 0.50 1.5 1.0 0.75
CO 6000 2000 1000 10000 4000 2000
(8 hr) (8 hr) (8 hr) (8 hr) (8 hr) (8 hr)
RSPM 120 60 50 150 100 75
Ammonia 100 100 100 400 400 400
Source: www.cpcb.nic.in
Table 4.2: Revised Norms since 18th Nov. 2009
Sr. No. Pollutants Time-weighted Concentration in ambient air

average Industrial, Ecologically
Residential, Sensitive
Rural and Other Areas(notified by
Areas Central Govt)
1 SO2 Annual 50g/m3 20 g/m3
Average*
24 80 g/m3 80 g/m3
2 NOx hours**
Annual 40g/m3 30 g/m3
Average*
24 80 g/m3 80 g/m3
3 PM10 hours**
Annual 60 g/m3 60 g/m3
Average*
24 100 100
4 PM2.5 hours**
Annual g/m
40
3
g/m3 g/m
40
3
g/m3
Average*
24 60 g/m3 60 g/m3
5 O3 hours**
8 hours 100 g/m3
1 hour g/m
180 3 180
6 Pb Annual g/m3
0.50 g/m3
0.50
Average*
24 g/m3
1.0 g/m3
1.0
7 CO hours**
8 g/m3
2.0 g/m3
2.0
hours**
1 hour mg/m3
4.0 mg/m3
4.0
3 3
8 NH3 Annual mg/m
100 mg/m
100
Average*
24 g/m3
400 g/m3
400
9 C6H6 hours**
Annual g/m
05
3
g/m3 g/m
05
3
g/m3
10 Benzo Pyrene Annual 1.0 1.0
11 As Annual ng/m3
6.0 ng/m3
6.0
3 3
12 Ni Annual 20 ng/m3
ng/m 20 ng/m3
ng/m
Page 81
* Annual Arithmetic mean of min 104 measurements in that year. Monitoring conducted
for 24 hours at uniform intervals.
** 24 hourly / 8 hourly/ 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable shall be complied with
98% of the time in a year. However 2% of the time it may exceed but not on two
consecutive days of monitoring.
4.1.2 Preparation of Zoning Atlas
The "Zoning Atlas" programme covering various spatial environmental planning activities has
been conceived as a tool for protection of the environmental resources and for achieving
developmental targets in an environmentally sound manner. “Zoning Atlas for Siting of
Industries” zones and classifies the environment and presents the pollution receiving
potential of various sites/zones in the State. It identifies the possible alternate sites for
industries, through easy-to-read maps. For Gujarat, interactive GIS based Zoning Atlas
prepared at taluka level along with revenue map is ready for utilisation. Its incorporation in
the State Industrial Policy can result in optimization of pollution abatement. Pollution
Control Board can use it as a ready reckoner for granting No Objection Certificates.
In continuation of the Zoning Atlas studies, the Industrial Estate Planning (IEP) studies have
been taken up at micro-level by GPCB to identify environmentally acceptable sites for
industrial estates, to suggest wastewater disposal points and to provide suggestions on
control of surrounding land uses. More IEP studies will be helpful to the Industrial
Development Corporation and the Industries Departments to properly locate the industrial
estates and provide the needed pollution abatement infrastructure.
4.1.3 Improved Vehicle Emission Norms
In 1991 and 1994, the European Environment council and European Commission regulated
the permissible pollution limit for vehicles within the European Union. Standards were set
for the amount of carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), hydrocarbon (CO) and
particulate matter a vehicle could emit. These emission norms are known as Euro I. These
were followed by stricter Euro II norms in 1998 and so on. In India, the first emission norms
came into force for petrol and diesel vehicles in 1991 which were further made stricter over
time. Euro I norms were introduced in India – in the National Capital Region (NCR) Delhi in
1999. India introduced its similar vehicle emission norms series to Euro norms known as
Bharat Stage norms. Currently the country is following Bharat Stage IV norms. All the vehicle
manufacturers need to implement these standards for the vehicles being manufactured by
them. The details of permissible vehicular emissions under various norms are given in
following tables:
Page 82
Table 4.3: Vehicle Emission Norms
Emission norms for passenger cars

Norms CO( g/km) HC+ NOx(g/km)
1991Norms 14.3-27.1 2.0(Only HC)
1996 Norms 8.68-12.40 3.00-4.36
1998Norms 4.34-6.20 1.50-2.18
India stage 2000 norms 2.72 0.97
Bharat stage-II 2.2 0.5
Bharat Stage-III 2.3 0.35(combined)
Bharat Stage-IV 1.0 0.18(combined)
Emission Norms for Heavy Diesel Vehicles
Norms CO( HC (g/kmhr) NOx PM(g/kwhr)
g/kmhr) (g/kmhr)
1991Norms 14 3.5 18 -
1996 Norms 11.2 2.4 14.4 -
India stage 2000 norms 4.5 1.1 8.0 0.36
Bharat stage-II 4.0 1.1 7.0 0.15
Bharat Stage-III 2.1 1.6 5.0 0.10
Bharat Stage-IV 1.5 0.96 3.5 0.02
Emission Norms for 2/3 wheeler Norms
CO( g/km) HC+ NOx(g/km)
1991Norms 12-30 8-12 (only HC)
1996 Norms 4.5 3.6
India stage 2000 norms 2.0 2.0
Bharat stage-II 1.6 1.5
Bharat Stage-III 1.0 1.0
4.1.4 Improved Fuel Quality Norms
Ministry of environment and Forest in close association with Ministry of Petroleum and
Natural Gas explored possibilities of improvement in fuel quality which lead to emission
reductions. Gradual improvements have been made to increase the cetane number and
reduce the percentage content of sulphur, lead, benzene etc. The details of gradual
improvement in fuel quality over time is detailed out in Table 4.4.
Page 83
Table 4.4: Improved Fuel Quality Norms
Diesel Specification
YEAR 1996 2000 2005 2010

Cetane No, Min 45 48 48 51
sulphur % W/w, Max 0.50 0.25 0.05 0.035
0.25(metro)
Distillation T95 - 370 370 360
Polyaromatic - - - 11
Gasoline Specification
RVP at 38Deg.c,kpa 35-70 - 35-60 60
BENZENE %by Vol.,max 5.0 5.0 3.0(all) 1.0
3.0(Metro) 1.0(Metro)
Lead G/m3, max 0.15 %(low pb) 0.013 0.013 0.005
0.013% (unleaded)
Sulphur % by mass, max 0.10(unleaded) 0.10 0.05 0.015
0.20 (leaded)
Aromatics % v/v., Max - - 45 42
Oxygen %by Vol., Max - - 2.0 2.7
4.2 At State Level
4.2.1 Air Action Plans
The Honorable Supreme Court of India, in the matter of CWP No. 13029 of 1995, passed the
orders on 05.04.2001, regarding formulation and implementation of action plans for control
of pollution in cities which do not meet the ambient air quality standards. EPCA popularly
known as Bhurelal Committee was set up by Honourable Supreme Court of India under
Environment Protection Act. Initially this was set up for addressing the air pollution problem
in Delhi alone. Later on sixteen other cities were added which included Agra, Ahmedabad,
Bangalore, Chennai, Faridabad, Hyderabad, Jharia, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Kolkata, Lucknow,
Mumbai, Patna, Pune, Solapur and Varanasi. Meanwhile Central Pollution Control Board
(CPCB) under the advice of Government of India also identified other cities and towns which
suffer from Air Pollution. In all, 85 cities and towns are monitored periodically by CPCB.
In addition to Ahmedabad, the other cities of Gujarat which appear in this list are – Vapi,
Surat, Ankleshwar, Vadodara, Rajkot and Jamnagar. Air Action Plans were prepared for these
cities. An action plan presents the prioritized list of abatement and other measures to
improve air quality, and to maintain it within pre-described levels in the short and medium
term. It outlines the steps required to implement a full air quality management system in
any given city, consistent with the city’s circumstances, capabilities and needs.
Page 84
Ahmedabad is being monitored by a Task Force headed by the Chief Secretary of Gujarat.
District level Task Force headed by Collector was set up for coordination and
implementation of Action Plans for other cities.
The rank of Ahmedabad improved from 4th in year 2001 to 13th in year 2005, 43rd in year
2006 and 66th in year 2008.
4.2.2 Monitoring of Industries
Gujarat Pollution Control Board is the prime agency involved in the monitoring of air
pollution or any other form of pollution in the State. The regulatory body through its
network of 22 Regional Offices and 4 Vigilance offices monitors the polluting industries in
the state. The individual industries are required to install air pollution control equipment for
the control of emissions of emissions of particulate matter(PM), sulphur dioxide (SO2),
ammonia (NH3), chlorine (CL2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) etc. Fig4.1 shows the number of
samples collected and analysed from industrial units each year by GPCB. These samples are
collected from various plants of thermal power, bulk drugs, pesticides, chemicals, fertilizers,
petrochemicals, oil refineries etc. Actions are taken against the defaulting industries under
the provisions of Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981.
Box 4.1: Jurisdiction Area of Regional Offices of GPCB
Page 85
Fig 4.1: Samples Collected under Air Act
8000
7000
No of Samples
No of Samples 6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Box 4.2: On Line Stack Emission Monitoring – Narol, Ahmedabad

On Line Stack Emission Monitoring – Narol, Ahmedabad
GPCB has initiated a pilot project to have a constant watch on 89 chimneys in Narol area of
Ahmedabad with the help of close circuit TVs. Mostly textile processing units are located in
this area. 57 CCTVs will record emissions coming out from these chimneys. The footage of
these cameras can be viewed in the office itself. Recordings can be made of chimneys
emitting seemingly higher pollution levels. Detailed sampling of these units can be then
carried out of these units. Notices can then be issued to the polluting units.
Source: GPCB
4.2.3 Roping in Technical Institutes to Control Air Pollution
A Case of Narol Area- Ahmedabad
Narol earlier used to be on the outskirt of Ahmedabad city but with the expansion of urban
area, it has now become a link between developed city area and developing peripheral area.
At present, it is a mixed urban zone consisting of commercial activities, residential area and
industrial activities housing more than 200 industries belonging to mainly textile processing
sector along with few dyes and chemicals manufacturing industries.
These industries have high Air pollution potential in terms of Flue gas emission from their
boilers or thermic fluid heat heaters due to use of Coal, Lignite, Saw dust, Wood etc. Each
unit is required to install and operate the Air Pollution Control Device (APCD) and a chimney
for the better dispersion of the flue gas. Air pollution problem in the region is due to mainly
two reasons: (i) Design lacunae (ii) Operational problems. Technical institute like L D College
of Engineering, Ahmedabad were roped in by GPCB for the design modification and checking
of the adequacy of the existing APCD of each individual textile unit. The exercise will include
study of the existing APCD, operational aspects of the existing system, design improvement
in existing system, alternate modes of APCDs etc. The whole exercise will be completed in
Page 86
next three months and up-gradation of the existing APCD will be carried out by the unit in
time bound manner. The Board will co-ordinate with Ahmedabad Textile Printing Association
to finish the project in time. The study is in its advance stage and the institute has made
some observations for the technical interventions. This will help to reduce the air pollution
problem of the area.
A Case of Vatva- Ahmedabad
Spray drying is the process in dye manufacturing in which liquid slurry is converted in to the
powder form. This is done by the Spray dryer in which hot gases mix get mixed with slurry
and converts it into the fine powder. This process has air pollution potential in terms of fine
particles which escape into the atmosphere. Vatva industrial estate of Ahmedabad is a hub
of such dye manufacturing and has significance presence of such spray dryers. For the
effective pollution control from such spray drying equipments, GPCB in co-ordination with
the Vatva Green Environment Society Limited roped in DDIT-Nadiad for in depth study of
each of such unit & thorough inspection of the APCD of spray dryer from the design point of
view and preparation of the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for operation and
maintenance of the equipment. The DDIT carried out the study and suggested some
technical inputs for better management and control of APCD to reduce the air pollution.
Suggestions like installation of the pressure gauge, regulation of the RPM of ID fan, Nozzle
cleaning of wet scrubber, Re-circulation rate regulation of the scrubbing media has improved
the efficiency of the APCD and resulted in improvement in the emission quality.
4.2.4 Strengthening of PUC Stations
The process of setting up PUC centers in the state had started since 13/12/1994.Since April
2005, new norms have been made applicable for PUC centers. The existing centers were
asked to upgrade and re-register with RTO. The new PUC centers were to issue
computerized photo PUC certificates. It was made compulsory for PUC centers which test
petrol vehicles to have 4 Gas analysers (CO, HC, CO2, O2) as concentration of CO and HC
emitted is so small that it cannot be measured by two gas analyzer. The density of smoke
emitted by diesel vehicles was to be measured by Smoke meters. The district wise details of
PUC centers in Gujarat is shown in Tab4.5.
Page 87
Table 4.5: District Wise Approved PUC Centers
Approved PUC center in Gujarat State as on 20/04/2011

Sr. Name of Office Petrol/Gas Diesel Total
No.
1 Ahemdabad 111 34 145
2 Mehsana 12 12 24
3 Rajkot 29 18 47
4 Bhavnagar 19 6 25
5 Surat 62 28 90
6 Vadodara 39 25 64
7 Nadiad 4 1 5
8 Palanpur 8 7 15
9 Himatnagar 10 6 16
10 Jamnagar 12 8 20
11 Junagadh 16 10 26
12 Bhuj 20 20 40
13 Surendranagar 5 4 9
14 Amreli 8 5 13
15 Valsad 8 11 19
16 Bharuch 8 9 17
17 Godhra 5 3 8
18 Gandhinagar 12 7 19
19 Bardoli 8 5 13
20 Dahod 1 1 2
21 Navsari 13 8 21
22 Narmada 0 0 0
23 Anand 8 7 15
24 Patan 2 2 4
25 Porbandar 6 4 10
Total 426 241 667
Page 88
4.2.5 CNG/LPG Infrastructure for Auto Gas Supply
In order to facilitate conversion of autos, cars, buses and other vehicles to cleaner fuel like
CNG or LPG, State Government took proactive measures in facilitating the creation of
CNG/LPG outlets in the State. The infrastructure in this area has been created by – Adani
Energy Ltd, HPCL, Gujarat Gas Company Ltd, GSPC & GAIL.
The following table shows the gradual increase in the number of CNG/LPG outlets in the
cities for which air action plans have been prepared by GPCB and Gandhinagar which is
capital city of the State. These cities appear in the list of 85 cities prepared by CPCB which
are high on air pollution.
Table 4.6: CNG/LPG Stations for Auto Gas Supply
City As on As on As on As on
31/03/2007 31/03/2008 31/03/2009 31/03/2010
Ahmedabad 48 56 66 66
Vadodara 6 13 13 16
Ankleshwar 2 2 5 7
Surat 17 23 30 30
Rajkot 2 7 8 12
Jamnagar - 1 2 2
Vapi - - - 4
Gandhnagar 4 6 6 8
Source: Annual Reports GPCB
In addition CNG/LPG stations are also installed in other cities of Gujarat like Morbi.
Wadhwan, Limbdi, Sanand, Ananad, Navsari etc .However, the number of outlets in these
cities is very small in the range of 1- 4.The total number of CNG stations in Gujarat as on 31
March 2012 is 227 out of which 57 have been set up by Adani, 44 by Gujarat Gas and 126 by
GSPC and GAIL.
4.2.6 Registration of Retrofitters
Earlier there was no system of registering CNG/LPG kit retrofitters and verifying the quality
of services provided by them. Office of Transport Commissioner later started the procedure
of registering these retrofitters after verifying the kind of infrastructure provided by them.
The following table provides the details of registered retrofitters in Gujarat.
Page 89
Table 4.7: Retrofitters Data

Sr. No. District Name Number of Retrofitter
1 Ahmedabad 137
2 Amreli 1
3 Anand 9
4 Bardoli 1
5 Bharuch 7
6 Bhavnagar 4
7 Gandhinagar 13
8 Godhra 4
9 Himatnagar 3
10 Jamnagar 8
11 Junagadh 7
12 Kheda 2
13 Mehsana 13
14 Nadiad 2
15 Navsari 8
16 Palanpur 1
17 Panchmahal 4
18 Patan 3
19 Rajkot 13
20 Sabarkantha 4
21 Surat 89
22 Surendranagar 2
23 Vadodara 36
24 Valsad 3
Total 374
4.2.7 Banning of Old Autos & Conversion to CNG in Ahmedabad
Regional transport authority has banned plying of old autorickshaws (autorickshaws

registered before 1991) with effect from 31 Dec 2005 in the areas under the jurisdiction of
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation and Ahmedabad Urban Development Authority.
The autos were made to convert to CNG in Ahmedabad. There has now been a gradual
increase in CNG autos in the city which is shown by the data below:
As on 31/03/2007 31000
As on 31/03/2008 38000
As on 31/03/2009 44144
As on 31/03/2010 55346
As on 31/03/2011 72937
As on 31/03/2012 80748
Page 90
4.2.8 Improved Public Transport System
Promoting public bus transport is viewed as a top priority area to improve urban road traffic
and for controlling air pollution from automobiles.
Public Transport System in Ahmedabad
As on 31/03/2012, AMTS operates a fleet size of 1152 buses along 171 routes in the city.
Table4.8 presents details of fleet size of Ahmedabad over time.
Table 4.8: AMTS Operations (1951 – 2012)
Year-ending 31st March Fleet-size (Buses)
1951 188
1961 337
1971 525
1981 610
1991 756
2001 886
2005 540
2006 848
2012 AMTS Private
835 317
Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS)
In the light of the current problems of public transportation and with the objective to
promote and enhance regional mobility and serve public by providing quality transit services
and solutions that improve the overall quality of life of the residents of Ahmedabad, the
Government of Gujarat with respective authorities (AMC, AUDA and GIDB) is building Bus
Rapid Transit System (BRTS) at various corridors. The Ahmedabad BRTS was officially named
as “Janmarg”, which means “people's way” - a street that would carry the citizens of
Ahmedabad in safety, comfort and at high speeds.
BRTS network was created based on passenger studies, road inventory, road infrastructure
attributes, existing land use and future development plans. The current BRT network
connects the important origins and destination points plus the transit interchanges such as
railway stations, regional bus terminals, University areas, industrial areas such as Narol,
Naroda; residential and commercial hubs and recreational public spaces such as Kankaria
Lake. BRTS network is planned in four phases and currently 45 Km of the BRTS corridor is
operational and another 43 Km is under construction.
Page 91
Table 4.9: Phase Wise Details of BRTS
BRTS Phase Length No. of Status

wise details (Km) Stations
Phase - I 45 67 In operation
Phase - II 44 52 Under construction
Phase – III 40 - Proposal
Phase-IV 87 - Proposal
Source: 25th Month Report, AJL, CoE in Urban Transport, CEPT University.
Operational BRTS
Network Length 45 Km (Phase I)
Number of
Stations 67
112 (Including 11 AC
Total Fleet
buses)
Note: Initiatives are also taken in Gujarat for development of BRTS in Surat and Rajkot and
they are at various stages of planning and development.
Page 92
4.2.9 Promoting Renewable Energy

Gujarat Government in form of Gujarat Energy Development Agency promoted various
sources of renewable energy in the state. Number of projects have been under taken in
Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Bio Energy, Energy Conservation and education. The biggest
achievement has been development of Gujarat Solar Park, Charanka-Patan which hosts
about 17 different projects by different developers. It also became the world's largest
photovoltaic power station. This Solar Park will host 600 MW of solar power projects using
state-of-the-art thin film technology. 600 MW of solar panels will save around 8 million
tonnes of carbon dioxide from being released into the atmosphere and save around
900,000 tonnes of coal and natural gas per year.
4.3 At Individual Level
4.3.1 Conversion of Vehicles to Cleaner Fuel (CNG/LPG)
A large number of vehicles in Gujarat have converted to cleaner fuel. The drivers to this
change are mainly economics but they do have an impact on air quality as CNG/LPG is
considered to be cleaner than petrol/diesel. This change is supported by the availability of
gas grid in Gujarat and the presence of CNG/LPG retail outlets in major cities.
Table: 4.10: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Gujarat

CNG/LPG Vehicles : As on 31st March, 2011
Type of Vehicle New/ Conversion No. of Vehicles

LPG CNG Total
Autorickshaw New 187 128223 128410
Conversion 289 102329 102618
LMV Motor Car New 2623 4518 7141
Conversion 172053 116561 288614
Passenger Bus New 0 2545 2545
Conversion 0 653 653
Other Vehicles New 4615 4414 9029
Conversion 440 427 867
Total New 7425 139700 147125
Conversion 172782 219970 392752
All Vehicles 180207 359670 539877
Page 93
Vehicles to Cleaner Fuel in Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad has seen a surge of vehicles converting to cleaner fuel ie CNG/LPG. The reason
for conversion for private vehicles is more to do with economics benefits but nevertheless, it
does lead to reduction in air pollution. The public vehicles are converting to cleaner fuel due
to government initiatives.
Table 4.11: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Ahmedabad
CNG/LPG Vehicles as on 31 March 2012
Passenger Delivery Grand

Autos LMV Motorcycle Total
Bus Van Total
CNG LPG CNG LPG CNG LPG CNG LPG CNG LPG CNG LPG
80748 26 39311 32799 712 - - 366 4316 259 125087 33430 158517
Source: RTO Ahmedabad
4.3.2 Use of Natural Gas by Industries
A large number of industrial units are also shifting to cleaner fuel. Table 4.12 provides details
of industrial connections in Gujarat by various natural gas suppliers. This is being encouraged
by regulatory agencies as natural gas is a cleaner fuel.
Page 94
Table 4.12: Industries having Natural Gas Connection
Commissioned Industrial Customers as on 31 Jan 2012

GSPC Adani Energy Ltd Gujarat Gas
North Gujarat
Ahmedabad
 Vatva  259
 Naroda  136
 Memco  10
 Narol  63
 Odhav  92
 Changodar  62
 Rakhial  01
South Gujarat
Sarigam 86
Vapi 264
Valsad 28
Navsari 14
Hazira 5
Umargam 47
Bilimora 8
Surat 875
Central Gujarat
Vadodara 75
Karjan-Palej 3
Halol 42
Dahej 7
Gandhinagar 17
Nadiad 12
Khambat 4
North Saurashtra
Surendranagar 59
Rajkot 171
Morbi
Morbi 561
Thangadh 153
Total 1481 698 875
Source: GSPC & Adani Energy Ltd
4.3.3 Households having PNG
Use of cleaner fuel at house hold level has also increased. Between NFHS- 2 and NFHS -3 an
additional 2 % households shifted to cleaner fuel in urban areas, in rural areas, additional
5% households shifted to cleaner fuel taking total percentage to 81.8% and 23% in urban
and rural areas respectively.
Page 95
Section V - Recommendation
Section V –Recommendations State of Air Environment
SECTION V - RECOMMENDATIONS
For improved air quality, there is a need to involve all stake holders - government agencies,
NGOS, academic institutions, R & D organisations and public. State of art air quality
monitoring equipments, modeling techniques, meteorological data, source apportionment
studies and regular health surveys are a prerequisite to pragmatic policy interventions.
5.1 Need to Extend Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme
 Most of the ambient air quality monitoring stations measuring annual averages are
located in the golden corridor. Only 09 districts are covered by them. There is a need to
spread this network to remaining districts in Gujarat to start building temporal data.
More stations are needed particularly in hot spots where the vehicular and industrial
emissions are high.
 Potential air pollutants in ambient air namely Volatile organic compounds and polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons should be monitored regularly in order to minimize their
emissions to protect public health. Currently these are being monitored only in industrial
clusters. A need is there to extend this to major traffic junctions in the major urban
centers as vehicular traffic is a major contributor to these VOCs.
 Annual averages are measured only for four parameters namely SO2, NOX, SPM and
RSPM. Twelve parameters are now notified under the Ambient Air Quality norms since
18th Nov 2009. There is an urgent need to extend the parameters being monitored. The
collected air quality data should be comprehensively and statistically analyzed to get an
insight into temporal and spatial trends.
 The performance of existing stations needs to be overhauled for strict quality control.
Also there is a need for relocation of monitoring equipment at some locations to have
data indicating actual ambient air quality status.
5.2 Source Apportionment Studies
 Source Apportionment Studies for ambient air quality attributing contribution of various
sources of air pollutants have not been initiated in Gujarat. Such studies when
undertaken periodically will highlight the impact of policy interventions for improvement
of air quality.
Page 96
5.3 Health Impact Studies
 Data on health effects of air pollution from Indian cities is minimal and investigation on
the health effects of chronic, long-term exposures to ambient air pollution is almost
absent. It is important to undertake health impact studies to know the effect of specific
air pollutants on public health.
 Collaboration of impact analysis on health with air monitoring data and various research
and development initiatives will improve policy interventions for air quality.
 There is utmost requirement to collect better and systematic information about actual
exposure levels experienced by households and develop a model for predicting the
exposure levels based on fuel use and other household data (exposure atlas). Effective
tackling of indoor air pollution also requires collaboration and commitment between
agencies responsible for health, energy, environment, housing and rural development.
5.4 Pollution Control from Vehicles
 Traffic mode characteristics show that trips by Public Transport are only 8.97% in 2007
for Ahmedabad. For other cities, this data was not available. For cities like Ahmedabad,
this percentage is very low and should have been more than 20% as per the study on
‘Traffic & Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, 2008’,
conducted by Ministry Of Urban Development, New Delhi. Therefore, there is a need to
strengthen Mass Transportation in cities.
 Diesel exhausts contain fine and ultrafine particles that are very harmful particularly for
children. School buses and other vehicles used for transportation of the school children
everywhere in the country should be changed from diesel to cleaner fuel like CNG or
LPG.
 The State Government needs to make necessary amendments to Motor Vehicles Act, to
enable spot checking of vehicles and levy fines on owners, who fail to pass tests for
carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and lead emissions. Regulation to restrict the
registration of two-stroke motored vehicles and movements of diesel transport vehicles
in major cities could also be initiated.
 Improvement in traffic management system to relieve congestion is urgently called for

by linking the bylanes and introducing parallel road system.
 Congested areas should be designated as ‘Pedestrian Streets’ during peak periods.

Parking should be allowed only in designated parking areas at nodal points.
Page 97
5.5 Regulatory Agencies
 There are multiple contributors to air pollution like vehicles, industries, fuel burning etc.
Therefore control strategies require active co-operation among all the concerned
agencies and require developing some common platform where they can plan strategies
and programmes to prevent and control air pollution.
 Suitability of a new industry or industrial estate with environment can be assessed by

using the Zoning Atlas for Gujarat which provides a taluka level GIS based interactive
approach for site suitability. This is based on pollution potential of an industry taking
into account its effect on Land, Air, Water and Environmentally Sensitive Zones.
 Integration of local policies for air, water, soil and waste in cities will lead to better
environmental quality.
 Staggering of holidays and workdays for business establishments, rescheduling of

timings of schools and cinema theatres in different parts of the cities may be
implemented.
5.6 Awareness Programmes
 Accelerating the national programmes for dissemination of solar cookers and improved
fuel wood stoves suited to local cooking practices and biomass resources can help in
preventing health impacts from indoor air pollution.
 Encouraging public to walk or use bicycles for traveling short distances and to share
vehicles for long distances will help in controlling vehicular air pollution. The individual
level action that can be initiated to minimise pollution from vehicles should also be
popularised.
 City and land use pattern should encourage designing and redevelopment of
communities to promote mass transit, carpooling, pedestrian walkways, and bicycle use.
 Saving the existing trees and planting more trees wherever possible will help in
controlling air pollution.
 A mass awareness campaign should be carried out on air pollution and its impact on our
health.
Page 98
References
References State of Air Environment
REFERENCES
1. Annual Reports 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09,2009-2010, Central Pollution Control

Board, New Delhi
2. Annual Reports 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09,2009-2010, Gujarat Pollution Control
Board, Gandhinagar
3. Air Quality Trends And Action Plan For Control Of Air Pollution For Seventeen Cities
2006, 2007, 2008, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi
4. Minimising Release And Environmental Implications Of Chlorine And Its
Compounds, 2008, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi
5. Guidelines On Odour Pollution & Its Control, 2008, Central Pollution Control Board,
New Delhi
6. Status Of The Vehicular Pollution Control Programme In India, 2010, Central
Pollution Control Board, New Delhi
7. Evaluation Study On National Project On Biogas Development Programme, May
2002, Planning Commission, Government Of India, New Delhi
8. Dr. Arunachalam Gunasekar, Tracking Delhi’s Air Quality 2012, New York Times
9. Environmental Performance Index, 2012, Environmental Research Centers At Yale
And Columbia Universities
10. Study On Traffic And Transportation Policies And Strategies In Urban Areas In India,
2008, Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi
11. Epidemiological Study On Effect Of Air Pollution On Human Health (Adults) In Delhi,
2008, Central Pollution Control Board , New Delhi
12. Study On Ambient Air Quality, Respiratory Symptoms And Lung Function Of Children
In Delhi, 2008, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi
13. Study Of Urban Air Quality In Kolkata For Source Identification And Estimation Of
Ozone, Carbonyls, NOx And VOC Emissions, 2010, Central Pollution Control Board,
New Delhi
14. Tishyarakshit Chatterjee, (2009) Reorienting Environment Policy In India Towards A
Local Area-Based Development And Management Paradigm, The Journal Of Trans
disciplinary Environmental Studies Vol. 8, No. 1
15. Sruthijith K K, CNG: Environmentalism Vs Economics, Centre For Civil Society
16. Sanjeev Kumar K., Ankur Paliwal, Sumana Narayanan (Jul 15, 2011) Gentle On Critical
Pollution, Down To Earth, Jul 15, 2011
Page 99
17. Bureau Of Indian Standards, National Building Code Of India 1983 – Incorporating
Amendments No.1 And 2, 1990, Bureau Of Indian Standards, New Delhi
18. SP 7:2005, National Building Code Of India 2005, Bureau Of Indian Standards, New
Delhi
19. Goyal, Rohit, Khandelwal, Sumit And Kaul, Nivedita, 2011, Analysis Of Relative
Importance Of Parameters Representing Vegetation, Urbanization And Elevation
With Land Surface Temperature Using ANN, Geo Spatial World Forum, Hydrabad
20. Prajna Paramita Mishra, 2005, Impact Of Mining On Agricultural Productivity, Centre
For Economic And Social Studies (CESS), Hyderabad
21. Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Of Iron Ore Mining In Bellary-Hospet
Region, 2004, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur,
22. London’s Urban Heat Island: A Summary For Decision Makers, October 2006, Greater
London Authority
23. For A Breath Of Fresh Air 10 year Progress And Challenges In Urban Air Quality
Management In India ( 1993-2002), The World Bank; Environment And Social
Development Unit; South Asia Region
24. Integrated Environment Epidemiology Study In Identified Critically Polluted Areas In
Country, National Institute of Occupational Hazard, Ahmedabad.
25. Determination Of Impact On Health And Vegetation Due To Air Pollution, NIOH,
2003, Central Pollution Control Board Sponsored by World Bank Aided Training
Program
26. Environmental Standards for Ambient Air, Automobiles, Fuels, Industries and Noise,
2000, Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry Of Environment & Forests, New Delhi
27. Air Pollution Due To Vehicular Traffic In Designated Cities / Towns Of The Gujarat
State And Evaluation Of Health Status Of School Children Studying Nearby Traffic
Junction In Cities, 2000, National Institute of Occupational Hazard, Identified By The
Honble High Court, Ahmedabad
28. National Environmental Health Profile And Comparative Health Risk Assessment,
2004-05, National Institute of Occupational Hazard Sponsored By WHO Through
Ministry Of Environment & Forests, New Delhi
29. Socio-Economic Review, Gujarat State 2007-08; February 2008; Directorate of
Economic and Statistics; Government of Gujarat; Gandhinagar
30. Compendium Of Environment Statistics India, 2010, Central Statistics Office, Ministry
Of Statistics And Programme Implementation, Government Of India
Page 100
31. Smoke Screen Ambient Air Quality In India; 2006, Website:

www.Sipcotcuddalore.Com ; Community Environmental Monitoring
32. Action Plans Of Various Cities In Gujarat; Ahmedabad; Vadodara; Surat; Jamnagar;
Bhavnagar; Rajkot; Vapi; Ankleshwar; Etc, Gujarat Pollution Control Board
33. State Of Environment Reports; Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andra Pradesh, Gujarat,
India; Etc
34. Bhuvans Thematic Maps,
35. Comprehensive environmental Pollution Index, 2009, Central Pollution Control
Board, New Delhi
36. Mowli P Pratapa and Subbayya, Air Pollution and Control, Divyajyoti Prakashan,
Jodhpur.
37. Singal S P, Air Quality Monitoring and Control Strategy, Narosa Publishing House,
New Delhi.
Page 101
Annexure
Annexure – I State of Air Environment
ANNEXURE – I
Classification of industries as per Pollution Potential

[Red, Orange & Green Categories]
I. List of Industries under “ RED ” Category
A. Industries identified by Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, as Heavily polluting
and covered under Central Action Plan, viz.
1. Distillery including Fermentation industry.

2. Sugar (excluding Khandsari).
3. Fertiliser.
4. Pulp & Paper (Paper manufacturing with or without pulping).
5. Chlor alkali.
6. Pharmaceuticals (Basic) (excluding formulation).
7. Dyes and dye-intermediates.
8. Pesticides (Technical) (excluding formulation).
9. Oil refinery (Mineral Oil and Petro refineries).
10. Tanneries.
11. Petrochemicals (Manufacture of and not merely use of as raw material).
12. Cement.
13. Thermal power Plants.
14. Iron and Steel (Involving processing from ore / scrap / Integrated steel plants).
15. Zinc smelter.
16. Copper smelter.
17. Aluminum smelter.
B. Industries manufacturing following products or carrying out following activities:-
1. Tyres and tubes Vulcanisation / Retreading / moulding.

2. Synthetic rubber.
3. Glass and fiber glass production and processing.
4. Industrial carbon including electrodes and graphite blocks, activated carbon, carbon black
etc.
5. Paints and varnishes (excluding blending / mixing).
6. Pigments and intermediates.
7. Synthetic resin.
8. Petroleum products, involving storage, transfer or processing.
9. Lubricating Oils, grease or petroleum – based products.
10. Synthetic fiber including rayon, tyre cord, polyester filament yarn.
11. Surgical and medical products involving prophylactics and latex.
12. Synthetic detergent and soap.
13. Photographic films and chemicals.
14. Chemical, petrochemical and electrochemicals including manufacture of acids such as
Sulphuric Acid, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid etc.
15. Industrial or inorganic gases.
16. Chlorates, perchlorates and peroxides.
17. Glue and gelatine.
18. Yarn and textile processing involving scouring, bleaching, dyeing or any effluent / emission
generating process.
Page 102
19. Vegetables oils including solvent extracted oils, hydro-generated ols.

20. Industry or process Involving metal treatment or process such as picking, surface coating,
paint baking, paint stripping, heat treatment phosphating or finishing etc.
21. Industry or process involving electroplating operations.
22. Asbestos and asbestos – based industries.
23. Slaughter houses and meat processing units.
24. Fermentation industry including manufacture of yeast, beer etc.
25. Steel and steel products including coke plants involving use of any of the equipment ’ s such
as blast furnaces, open hearth furnaces, induction furnace or arc furnace etc. or any of the
operations or processes such as heat treatment, acid pickling, rolling or galvanizing etc.
26. Incineration plants.
27. Power generating plants (excluding D.G.Sets).
28. Lime manufacturing.
29. Tobacco products including cigarettes and tobacco processing.
30. Dry coal processing / Mineral processing industries like ore sintering, palletization etc.
31. Phosphate rock processing plants.
32. Coke making, coal liquefaction, coaltar distillation or flue gas making.
33. Phosphate and detonators, fuses etc.
34. Explosives including detonators, fuses etc.
35. Fire crackers.
36. Processes involving chlorinated hydrocarbons.
37. Chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine and their compounds.
38. Hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives.
39. Milk processing and dairy products (Integrated Project).
40. Industry or process involving foundry operations.
41. Potable alcohol (IMFL) by blending or distillation of alcohol.
42. Anodizing.
43. Ceramic / refractories.
44. Lead processing and battery reconditioning & manufacturing lead smelting.
45. Hot Mix plants.
46. Hospitals.
47. Mining and ore beneficiation.
II. List of Industries “ Orange ” Category.
1. Manufacture of mirror from sheet glass photo framing.

2. Cotton spinning and weaving.
3. Automobile servicing and repairs stations.
4. Hotels and restaurants.
5. Flour mills (excluding Domestic Aatta Chakki).
6. Malted food.
7. Food including fruits and vegetable processing.
8. Pulping and fermenting of coffee beans.
9. Instant tea/coffee, coffee processing.
10. Non – alcoholic beverages (soft drinks)
11. Fragrances and Industrial perfumes.
12. Food additives, nutrients and flavours.
13. Fish processing.
14. Organic nutrients.
15. Surgical & medical products not involving effluent / emission
16. Laboratory wares.
Page 103
17. Wire drawing (cold process) and bailing straps.

18. Stone crushers.
19. Laboratory chemicals involving distillation, purification process.
20. Tyres and tubes vulcanization, vulcanization, retreading moulding.
21. Pesticides/insecticides/fungicides/herbicides/Agrochemical
22. NPK Fertilizers/Granulation.
23. Pharmaceutical formulation.
24. Khandsari Sugar.
25. Pulverizing units.
III. List of Industries under “ Green ” Category.
A. Industries in Small Scale, Cottage / Village Category suggested under notification of the State
Government / Union Territory for issuance of simplified NOC / Consent from State Pollution
Control Board / Pollution Control Committee, as the case may be,
B. Al those industries or processes which are not covered the “ Red ” and / or “ Orange ” category:
An illustrative List is provided below.
1. Washing of used sand by hydraulic discharge.

2. Atta-chakkies.
3. Rice mullors.
4. Steeling and processing of grains.
5. Mineralized water.
6. Dal mills.
7. Bakery products, biscuits confectionery.
8. Groundnut decorticating.(dry).
9. Supari (Betelnut) & masala grinding.
10. Chilling plants & cold storages.
11. Ice-creams or Ice-cream making.
12. 2) Tailoring & garment making.
13. Cotton & woolen hosiery.
14. Apparel making.
15. Handloom weaving.
16. Shoelace manufacturing.
17. Gold & Silver thread zari work.
18. Gold and Silver smithy.
19. Leather footwear & leather products excluding tanning & hiding processing.
20. Musical instruments manufacturing.
21. Sports goods.
22. Bamboo & cane products (only dry operations).
23. Cardboard or corrugated box & paper products (paper or pulp manufacturing excluded).
24. Insulation & other coated papers (paper or pulp manufacturing excluded).
25. Scientific & mathematical appliances.
26. Furniture (wooden and steel).
27. Assembly of domestic electrical appliances.
28. Radio assembling.
29. Fountain pens.
30. Polythene, plastic and P.V.C. goods through extrusion moulding.
31. Rope (cotton & plastic)
Page 104
32. Carpet weaving

33. Assembly of air coolers, conditioners
34. Assembly of bicycles, baby carriage 7 other small non motorized vehicles.
35. Electronics equipments (Assembly)
36. Toys
37. Water softening & deminerallised plants.
38. Paint (by mixing process only)
39. Candles
40. Carpentry (excluding saw mill)
41. Oil ginning / expelling (no hydrogenation / refining)
42. Jobbing & machining
43. Manufacture of steel trunks & suitcases 44) Paper pins & U – clips
Industries Exempted from 'NOC'

(A List of Nonpolluting Industries having no pollution potential)
• Motor rewinding.
• Workshop for vehicle repair.
• Engineering workshop, machine shop, fabrication shop, press shop, smithy shop, turning
shop, cutting shop.
• Pump and motor assembling units.
• Cycle assembling units.
• Units fabricating tractor trailer, agricultural equipment, etc.
• Units fabricating vehicle parts without electroplating and heat treatment.
• Unit fabricating stove, cooker, kitchen equipment without electroplating.
• Units fabricating nails, pegs, nuts, bolts, etc.
• Units manufacturing utensils of aluminum, steel, copper and brass.
• Casting units using pit furnace.
• Units fabricating iron doors and shutters.
• Units fabricating steel furniture without electroplating.
• Units manufacturing weighting machines.
• Units fabricating drawing, surveying, and scientific equipment.
• Units making music instruments.
• Units making sports gear.
• Units making toys.
• Units making stationery items like paper pins, "U" pins, pencils, etc.
• Units binding books, making file covers, card board boxes, envelopes, paper bags from
paper or board.
• Units making paper napkins, dishes, labels, tallow, paper rolls.
Page 105
• Units making wooden doors and windows.

• Units making wooden furniture.
• Units making wooden boxes.
• Units assembling air conditioners, air coolers, water coolers, heater, electric irons, etc.
• Units manufacturing electric fans, tube lights, bulbs, lamps, fuses, switches, etc.
• Units casting cement concrete spun pipes, mosaic tiles, cement concrete poles.
• Units casting cement concrete grills.
• Units making umbrellas and rain coats.
• Units making garments by stitching from ready cloth.
• Units making hoisery items.
• Weaving units with handlooms and power looms.
• Yarn twisting, crimping and texturising units.
• Fibre glass moulding units.
• Units manufacturing plastics items like buckets, tumblers, footwear, brushes, ropes.
• Units producing plastics items through fabrication, extraction, injection moulding
methods.
• Units manufacturing tubes, pipes, boxes, tanks, etc. from plastics HDPE, LDPE, PVC.
• Units making leather items like bags, purses, wallets, etc. from ready leather.
• Units making tooth powders, tooth pastes, shampoos, nailpolishes, hairoils, through
mixing only.
• Units making candles.
• Units making agarbattis.
• Units making detergent powders, soaps, etc. through mixing only.
• Cold storages.
• Domestic flour mills.
• Units grinding corianders, cumin, turmeric, salts, spices.
• Tobacco drying sheds.
• Saw mills.
• Printing presses.
• Pulse mills.
• Oil expellers.
• Ice factories.
• Poultry farms.
• Units manufacturing glass frames for spectacles.
Page 106
• Diamond Industries.
• Induction furnaces.
• Units manufacturing tablets and capsules by mixing only.
• Units manufacturing biscuits upto 100 kg per day only.
• Units manufacturing pickles/pappads upto 500 kg per day only.
• Assembling units for TV, VCR, VCP, radio sets, tape recorders, etc.
• Units retreading tyres.
• Units manufacturing rubber parts, rubber corks, surgical gloves.
• Units involved in cutting, polishing and finishing of stones, marbles and granites.
• Units involved in finishing of printed cloth by felt finish or rolls process, sintering.
• Cotton ginning and pressing units.
• Steel, rerolling mills where M S bars, angles, CTD round bars, section bars, etc. are
prepared without pickling process.
• Tyre and rubber industries.
• Oxygen gas units.
• Jaggery (Gur) (from sugarcane) producing units.
• Tobacco gutka manufacturing units.
• Ceramic cup saucers making units.
• Glaced tiles producing units (provided water is recycled)
• Units manufacturing ceramic sanitaryware.
• Units producing white coal/biocoal from agriculture wastes.
• Units producing biofertilisers only from agriculture waste mix.
• Units producing cattle fodder by mixing.
• Units producing acetylene gas.
• Salt pans by solar evaporation.
• Ceramic units using LDO/HSD/RFO fuels at 1000 litres/day (but not using coal/lignite/hard
coke/husk) with a condition to instal a chimney of minimum 11 metres height.
• Computer software units
• Perfumes (Attar) manufacturing Units by mixint process
• Units producing Lime stone masonry.
• Units manufacturing domestic flour mill.
• Units manufacturing Mamara.
• Computer & Computer stationery
• Gems & Jewelry Units
Page 107
• Units manufacturing plastic bags

• Manually preparing silver & golden ornaments
• Units making printing blocks
• Units making furniture from bamboo
• Units assembling domestic electrical appliances
• Units fabricating aluminium doors, windows & furnitures
• Tailor machine repair or its manufacturing units
• Ball pen's refill
• Button & hooks manufacturing units
• Bicycle's chain & locks
• Embroidery
• Photo frame, Mirror frame
• Flower pot, Flower vase
• Units fabricating fork-knife, scissors
• Unit installing DG sets upto 50 KVA
Page 108
Annexure – II State of Air Environment
ANNEXURE II
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (Once in a year)
Trends in SO2
Kadi Char Rasta,
1 Mehsana Mehsana 3.00 20.00 17.00 8.33 8.30
Mehsana
Modhera Char
2 Mehsana Mehsana 0.00 16.00 12.00 4.00 14.60
Rasta
Char Rasta
3 Patan Patan 3.00 16.00 15.00 4.16 8.30
Himatnagar
4 Himatnagar Sabarkantha 6.00 13.00 15.00 8.33 20.90
Nagarpalika
5 Nagarpalika Office Idar Sabarkantha 4.00 16.00 12.00 9.37 7.90
Nr. Vishram Gruh
6 Palanpur Banaskantha 4.00 15.00 12.00 6.24 12.50
Nr. Gandhi Lincon
7 Deesa Banaskantha 3.00 14.00 12.00 4.16 10.40
Hospital
Cadila Laboratories,
Narol
LD Engg. College,
Ahmedabad
CETP, Vatva GIDC,
Ahmedabad
GIDC Office
11 Naroda, Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 8.00 18.00 11.90 20.83 18.00
Ahmedabad
At CETP ,Odhav,
Ahmedabad
TPAEC, Sabarmati, 5.0
13 Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 6.00 24.92 230.00 23.30
Ahmedabad 0
Karanj Police
14 Station, Ahmedabad Ahmedabad 6.00 8.00 11.00 7.29 7.90
Ahmedabad
Gujarat Vidhyapith,
Ahmedabad
Bavla Nagarpalika
16 Bavla Ahmedabad 5.00 7.00 12.00 15.62 6.40
Viramgam
17 Viramgam Ahmedabad 3.00 5.00 11.00 13.54 7.30
Nagarpalika
Rupam Chowk
18 Bhavnagar Bhavnagar 16.00 9.64 6.35 13.92 6.90
Nr. Primary School,
19 Gandhi Road, Vadodara Vadodara 3.00 1.44 3.25 3.39 12.70
Bajwa, Vadodara
Community Health
20 Centre, Padra, Vadodara Vadodara 1.00 4.34 0.00 6.78 0.20
Vadodara
Page 109
GIDC Gorwa,
21 Vadodara Vadodara Vadodara 2.00 0.00 2.17 5.08 14.40
Chhotaudepur,
22 Vadodara Vadodara 0.00 0.00 2.27 10.17 2.80
Vadodara
Ineous ABS Ltd.
23 Nandesari, Vadodara Vadodara 3.00 3.21 4.24 10.17 18.00
Vadodara
GPCB Office Race
Course, Vadodara
Dandia Bazar,
Vadodara
I D Hospital,
26 Karelibaug, Vadodara Vadodara 7.00 7.63 8.00 8.47 10.20
Vadodara
GIDC Makarpura,
Vadodara
Alembic Ltd.,
28 Alembic Road, Vadodara Vadodara 11.00 7.50 11.57 5.34 4.10
Vadodara
Dakor Municipal
Barough's Fire
29 Kheda Kheda 0.00 0.00 2.61 2.43 3.30
StationDakor,
Kheda Office
Sevalia
Nagarpalika's
30 Kheda Kheda 0.00 0.00 1.43 0.00 3.50
Office, Sevalia,
Kheda
Nagarpalika office
31 Khambhat Anand 1.00 1.87 1.92 3.08 16.70
Khambhat
Nr. Woodland
32 restorant , Opp. Nadiad Kheda 2.00 1.44 2.16 4.62 4.70
Kheta talav
Aaqm at GIDC,
Savali Vadodara
Anand nagarpalika
34 Anand Anand 1.00 0.00 1.92 0.00 0.70
office fire station
Petlad Nagarpalika
35 Office, (at ground Petlad Anand 1.00 0.00 2.77 8.33 0.70
level)
Mahemdabad
36 Mahemdabad Kheda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.90
Nagarpalika Office
37 GIDC Sachin Sachin Surat 0.00 43.13 7.67 77.19 73.30

Dehgam Bus
38 Dehgam Gandhinagar 4.00 14.00 10.00 129.00
Station
39 IFFCO Kalol Kalol Gandhinagar 3.00 17.00 17.00 12.00
40 Kadi High School Gandhinagar Gandhinagar 5.00 14.00 12.00 2.00
Page 110
St. Xavier's High

41 Gandhinagar Gandhinagar 9.00 14.00 15.00 4.16
School
42 GEB, Gandhinagar Gandhinagar Gandhinagar 6.00 16.00 15.00 8.33
43 Dahod Dahod Dahod 1.00 0.00 1.04 0.00
44 CEDS GIDC Kalol Kalol Gandhinagar 3.00 12.00 12.00 12.50
RO GPCB
45 Bharuch Bharuch 24.00 17.80 15.70
Narmadanagar
46 Punit Society Bharuch Bharuch 30.30 32.30 19.90
47 Amal Products Ankleshwar Bharuch 38.00 30.70
Taluka Panchayat
48 Ankleshwar Bharuch 28.00 22.50
Office
Fire Brigade Office
49 Rajkot Rajkot 13.00 10.15
KalawadRoad
Near Trajpar
50 Morbi Rajkot 13.00 12.19
Chowkdi
51 Nr Petrol Pump NH Wankaner Rajkot 13.00 10.23
Jay Bhavani
52 Junagadh Junagadh 14.00 13.67 19.31 20.34
Industrial Estate
Mahila Police
Station
Trends in NOx
Kadi Char Rasta,
1 Mehsana Mehsana 12.00 9.00 38.00 18.63 19.60
Mehsana
2 Modhera Char Rasta Mehsana Mehsana 0.00 6.00 21.00 20.00 20.80
3 Char Rasta Patan Patan 12.00 4.00 19.00 34.86 21.50

Himatnagar
Nagarpalika
6 Nr. Vishram Gruh Palanpur Banaskantha 14.00 6.00 21.00 16.95 18.20
Nr. Gandhi Lincon

Hospital
Narol
LD Engg. College,
Ahmedabad
CETP, Vatva GIDC,
Ahmedabad
GIDC Office Naroda,
Ahmedabad
At CETP ,Odhav,
Ahmedabad
TPAEC, Sabarmati,
Ahmedabad
Page 111
Karanj Police
Station, Ahmedabad
Gujarat Vidhyapith,
Ahmedabad
16 Bavla Nagarpalika Bavla Ahmedabad 16.00 34.00 17.00 15.75 20.30
Viramgam
Nagarpalika
18 Rupam Chowk Bhavnagar Bhavnagar 18.00 10.54 10.84 11.71 13.00
Nr. Primary School,
19 Gandhi Road, Bajwa, Vadodara Vadodara 18.00 16.67 5.52 10.74 9.00
Vadodara
Community Health
Vadodara
GIDC Gorwa,
Vadodara
Chhotaudepur,
Vadodara
Ineous ABS Ltd.
Vadodara
GPCB Office Race
Course, Vadodara
Dandia Bazar,
Vadodara
I D Hospital,
26 Karelibaug, Vadodara Vadodara 19.00 19.93 16.17 15.29 14.00
Vadodara
GIDC Makarpura,
Vadodara
Alembic Ltd.,
Vadodara
Dakor Municipal
Barough's Fire
29 Kheda Kheda 0.00 3.87 10.44 12.68 6.20
StationDakor, Kheda
Office
Sevalia
30 Nagarpalika's Office, Kheda Kheda 0.00 7.32 11.43 4.00 14.80
Sevalia, Kheda
Nagarpalika office
31 Khambhat Anand 14.00 6.55 6.71 7.50 18.50
Khambhat
Nr. Woodland
Kheta talav
Aaqm at GIDC,
Savali Vadodara
Page 112
Anand nagarpalika
34 Anand Anand 7.00 5.21 5.67 11.09 0.90
office fire station
Petlad Nagarpalika
level)
Mahemdabad
Nagarpalika Office
38 Dehgam Bus Station Dehgam Gandhinagar 14.00 4.00 13.00 18.00
St. Xavier's High
School
43 Dahod Dahod Dahod 5.00 8.66 8.10
RO GPCB
45 Bharuch Bharuch 34.00 29.80 17.20
Narmadanagar
Taluka Panchayat
Office
Fire Brigade Office
KalawadRoad
Near Trajpar
50 Morbi Rajkot 16.00 17.05
Chowkdi
Jay Bhavani
Industrial Estate
Mahila Police
Station
Page 113
Trends in SPM
Sr.No. Location City District 6002 6002 6002 6002 6000

Kadi Char Rasta,
1 Mehsana Mehsana 274.00 538.00 458.00 340.00 157.00
Mehsana
Modhera Char
2 Mehsana Mehsana 0.00 475.00 265.00 457.00 461.00
Rasta
Himatnagar
Nagarpalika
Nr. Gandhi Lincon
Hospital
Narol
LD Engg. College,
Ahmedabad
CETP, Vatva GIDC,
Ahmedabad
GIDC Office
Ahmedabad
At CETP ,Odhav,
Ahmedabad
TPAEC, Sabarmati,
Ahmedabad
Karanj Police
Ahmedabad
Gujarat Vidhyapith,
Ahmedabad
16 Bavla Nagarpalika Bavla Ahmedabad 955.00 245.00 286.00 332.00 497.00
Viramgam
Nagarpalika
Rupam Chowk
18 Bhavnagar Bhavnagar 708.00 362.00 240.00 207.00 167.00
Nr. Primary School,
Gandhi Road,
Bajwa, Vadodara
Community Health
Centre, Padra,
Vadodara
GIDC Gorwa,
Chhotaudepur,
Vadodara
Page 114
Ineous ABS Ltd.

Vadodara
GPCB Office Race
Course, Vadodara
Dandia Bazar,
Vadodara
I D Hospital,
Karelibaug,
Vadodara
GIDC Makarpura,
Alembic Ltd.,
Alembic Road,
Vadodara
Dakor Municipal
Barough's Fire
29 Kheda Kheda 0.00 153.00 152.00 161.00 414.00
StationDakor,
Kheda Office
Sevalia
Nagarpalika's
30 Kheda Kheda 0.00 82.00 158.00 189.00 112.00
Office, Sevalia,
Kheda
Nagarpalika office
31 Khambhat Anand 305.00 179.00 368.00 209.00 407.00
Khambhat
Nr. Woodland
restorant , Opp.
32 Nadiad Kheda 344.00 188.00 185.00 200.00 196.00
Kheta talav
Aaqm at GIDC,
33 Savali Vadodara Vadodara Vadodara 521.00 508.00 251.00 363.00 370.00
Anand nagarpalika
34 Anand Anand 399.00 213.00 364.00 417.00 587.00
office fire station
Petlad Nagarpalika
level)
Mahemdabad
Nagarpalika Office
Dehgam Bus
Station
St. Xavier's High
School
Page 115

RO GPCB
45 Bharuch Bharuch 183.00 234.00 184.00
Narmadanagar
Punit Society
46 Bharuch Bharuch 248.00 413.03 262.00
Amal Products
Taluka Panchayat
Office
Fire Brigade Office
KalawadRoad
Near Trajpar
50 Morbi Rajkot 213.00 242.00
Chowkdi
Nr Petrol Pump NH
51 Wankaner Rajkot 123.00 188.00
Jay Bhavani
52 Industrial Estate Junagadh Junagadh 249.00 189.00 241.75 306.00
Mahila Police
Station
Trends in RSPM
Kadi Char Rasta,
1 Mehsana Mehsana 72.00 108.00 145.00 92.00 39.00
Mehsana
Modhera Char
2 Mehsana Mehsana 0.00 50.00 63.00 159.00 83.00
Rasta
Himatnagar
Nagarpalika
Nr. Gandhi Lincon
Hospital
Narol
LD Engg. College,
Ahmedabad
CETP, Vatva GIDC,
Ahmedabad
GIDC Office
Ahmedabad
At CETP ,Odhav,
Ahmedabad
TPAEC, Sabarmati,
Ahmedabad
Page 116
Karanj Police
Ahmedabad
Gujarat Vidhyapith,
Ahmedabad
Bavla Nagarpalika
16 Bavla Ahmedabad 281.00 110.00 132.00 97.00 148.00
Viramgam
Nagarpalika
18 Rupam Chowk Bhavnagar Bhavnagar 283.00 160.00 119.00 91.00 79.00
Nr. Primary School,

19 Gandhi Road, Vadodara Vadodara 115.00 306.00 45.00 139.00 97.00
Bajwa, Vadodara
Community Health
Vadodara
GIDC Gorwa,
Vadodara
Chhotaudepur,
Vadodara
Ineous ABS Ltd.
Vadodara
GPCB Office Race
Course, Vadodara
Dandia Bazar,
Vadodara
I D Hospital,
Karelibaug,
Vadodara
GIDC Makarpura,
Vadodara
Alembic Ltd.,
Vadodara
Dakor Municipal
Barough's Fire
29 Kheda Kheda 0.00 52.00 60.00 67.00 374.00
StationDakor,
Kheda Office
Sevalia
Nagarpalika's
30 Office, Sevalia, Kheda Kheda 0.00 49.00 48.00 67.00 85.00
Kheda
Nagarpalika office
Khambhat
31 Khambhat Anand 89.00 79.00 133.00 108.00 154.00
Page 117
Nr. Woodland
Kheta talav
Aaqm at GIDC,
Savali Vadodara
Anand nagarpalika
34 Anand Anand 107.00 191.00 212.00 119.00 227.00
office fire station
Petlad Nagarpalika
level)
Mahemdabad
Nagarpalika Office
Dehgam Bus
Station
St. Xavier's High
School
RO GPCB
45 Bharuch Bharuch 115.00 124.00 85.00
Narmadanagar
Taluka Panchayat
Office
Fire Brigade Office
KalawadRoad
Near Trajpar
50 Morbi Rajkot 155.00 136.00
Chowkdi
Jay Bhavani
Industrial Estate
Mahila Police
Station
Page 118
Annexure – III State of Air Environment
Annexure III
Ambient Air Quality - VOCs
Name of Cluster GIDC, Vapi, Valsad

Sampling Club – 3 Building
Location
Methodology  VOC- GC-FID
 Benzo-a-Pyrene-HPLC
Sr. Parameter Sampling Date (in the year 2011)

No.
2/5 16/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7
1) Volatile Organic Compounds
a) Methanol 13.66 8.16 12.42 7.41 13.55 8.12
b) Ethanol Nil 2.11 Nil 2.56 Nil 3.47
c) Acetone Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
e) Methylene di-cholride (mdc) Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
f) Butanol Nil 3.8 Nil 3.2 Nil 4.30
g) Chloroform Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
h) CCl4 14.52 0.80 13.21 0.76 14.34 1.43
i) Benzene 3.45 4.50 2.95 3.97 3.97 4.21
j) Methyl isobutylketone Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
k) Toluene 3.15 3.91 2.84 3.17 3.52 4.11
l) P-Xylene 1.05 0.90 1.17 0.96 2.73 1.04
m) M –Xylene 1.23 0.79 1.26 0.87 2.36 1.01
n)O-Xylene Nil 0.55 Nil 0.62 Nil 1.05
o) EthylMethylKetone Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
Conc of VOCs 37.06μ 25.52 33.85μ 23.52 40.47 28.74μg
g/m3 μg/m3 g/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 /m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3
Page 119
Name of Cluster GIDC, Sarigam, Valsad

Sampling Location MeckloyedPharma, Road No.: 25, GIDC Sarigam
 Benzo-a-Pyrene -HPLC

No.
3/5 17/5 7/6 21/6 5/7 19/7

a) Methanol
b) Ethanol 1.03 Nil 1.06 Nil 2.07 Nil
c) Acetone 4.61 12.14 3.92 11.94 4.51 12.74
d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) 10.76 11.16 9.98 11.25 10.44 12.36
f) Butanol Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
g) Chloroform Nil 0.51 Nil 0.49 Nil 1.12
h) CCl4 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
i) Benzene 15.52 8.32 15.24 8.14 16.14 9.14
j) Methyl isobutylketone 6.14 Nil 6.32 Nil 7.28 Nil
k) Toluene 12.46 10.08 11.67 10.15 12.35 11.24
l) P-Xylene 4.11 16.27 4.17 15.76 5.64 16.37
m) M –Xylene 4.03 10.11 3.83 10.27 4.23 11.57
n)O-Xylene 1.48 3.24 1.28 3.34 2.16 4.42
o) EthylMethylKetone 1.32 5.19 1.12 5.04 2.07 6.09
Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
Conc of VOCs 61.46 77.02 58.59 76.38 66.89 85.05μ
μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 g/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 120
Name of Cluster Hazira Area, Surat

Sampling Location IchachhaporeVillage

No.
6/5 13/5 3/6 17/6 8/7 15/7

a) Methanol
b) Ethanol 3.14 2.67 2.88 2.52 3.67 3.62
d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) Nil 1.1 Nil 1.04 Nil 2.87
e) Methylene di-cholride (mdc) Nil 3.65 Nil 3.37 Nil 4.69
f) Butanol 7.14 2.21 6.72 2.11 7.49 3.26
i) Benzene Nil 4.55 Nil 3.86 Nil 4.68
j) Methyl isobutylketone 2.86 4.3 2.41 4.7 3.64 5.3
k) Toluene Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
l) P-Xylene 3.32 4.94 3.63 4.45 4.73 5.52
m) M –Xylene 8.15 1.1 7.54 1.06 8.65 2.09
n)O-Xylene 3.81 1.23 2.46 1.37 3.47 2.76
1.1 Nil 1.5 Nil 2.5 Nil
Conc of VOCs 32.42μ 28.34 29.84 27.13 37.35 39.65
g/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 121
Name of Cluster GIDC, Sachin, Surat

Sampling Location Hi – Choice Processors Pvt. Ltd.

No.
2/5 16/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7

a) Methanol
c) Acetone Nil 26.13 Nil 25.34 Nil 26.31
e) Methylene di-cholride (mdc) 21.19 22.33 20.62 21.43 21.61 22.34
f) Butanol 17.36 Nil 16.25Nil Nil 17.37 Nil
h) CCl4 Nil 11.57 6.97 10.77 Nil 11.57
i) Benzene 7.64 14.25 5.82 13.27 7.82 14.56
j) Methyl isobutylketone 6.53 6.54 Nil 6.62 6.57 7.67
k) Toluene Nil Nil 28.13 Nil Nil Nil
l) P-Xylene 29.11 Nil 8.36 Nil 29.26 Nil
m) M –Xylene 9.23 25.19 12.54 24.41 9.27 25.42
n)O-Xylene 13.11 2.12 11.68 2.15 13.56 3.14
o) EthylMethylKetone 12.88 1.82 Nil 1.91 12.87 2.87
Nil Nil - Nil Nil Nil
Conc of VOCs 151.11 131.2 142.23 126.27 152.29 135.35
μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3
Page 122
Name of Cluster GIDC, Pandesara, Surat

Sampling Location Pandesara GIDC Office

No.
3/5 17/5 7/6 21/6 5/7 19/7

a) Methanol 12.81 13.11 11.47 12.64 12.76 13.27
c) Acetone 3.27 8.25 2.73 7.85 3.46 8.35
h) CCl4 Nil 7.53 Nil 7.72 Nil 8.67
i) Benzene 12.37 5.22 11.52 4.86 12.42 5.74
l) P-Xylene 7.22 1.35 7.38 1.29 8.35 2.37
m) M –Xylene 1.80 2.27 1.43 2.14 2.47 3.10
n)O-Xylene 1.1 1.44 1.09 1.32 2.07 2.24
Conc of VOCs 43.01 41.52 40.31 40.09 47.26 46.90

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 123
Name of Cluster GIDC, Ankleshwar, Bharuch

Sampling Location Rallis (India) Ltd., Ankleshwar

No.
2/5 17/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7

a) Methanol 11.34 Nil 10.32 Nil 11.45 Nil
b) Ethanol 12.14 21.35 12.26 20.54 13.22 21.32
c) Acetone 13.86 18.21 13.24 17.38 14.17 18..09
e) Methylene di-cholride (mdc) 25.19 Nil 24.87 Nil 25.31 Nil
g) Chloroform 10.43 17.43 10.54 16.33 11.08 17.21
h) CCl4 36.12 12.38 35.36 11.51 36.14 12.35
i) Benzene 17.16 6.66 16.47 5.34 17.22 6.17
k) Toluene 33.17 46.11 32.47 45.11 33.37 46.24
l) P-Xylene 16.22 Nil 15.97 Nil 16.14 Nil
m) M –Xylene 14.35 7.23 14.41 6.74 15.33 7.54
n)O-Xylene 15.42 15.28 16.24 14.83 17.07 15.26
Conc of VOCs 224.82 176.06 220.57 168.23 229.57 175.92

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 124
Name of Cluster Jagadia Industrial Estate, Bharuch

Sampling Location DCM ShreeramPharma

No.
7/5 21/5 11/6 18/6 9/7 16/7

a) Methanol 5.13 1.21 4.24 1.27 5.14 2.08
b) Ethanol Nil 0.9 Nil 0.7 Nil 0.9
c) Acetone 3.03 1.02 3.10 1.12 4.27 2.01
h) CCl4 5.31 9.54 5.54 8.41 6.25 9.25
i) Benzene 2.34 4.42 2.67 3.97 3.34 4.64
k) Toluene Nil 8.36 Nil 7.62 Nil 8.24
l) P-Xylene Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
m) M –Xylene 1.03 Nil 1.15 Nil 2.07 Nil
n)O-Xylene 1.21 Nil 1.37 Nil 2.14 Nil
Conc of VOCs 28.71 35.63 28.65μg/ 33.49 34.57μ 38.82μ

μg/m3 μg/m3 m3 μg/m3 g/m3 g/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 125
Name of Cluster Dahej Area, Bharuch

Sampling Location Gujarat Alkali Chemical Ltd.
Sr. Parameter Sampling Date(in the year 2011)

No.
2/5 16/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7

a) Methanol 6.68 19.84 6.14 18.64 7.23 19.37
b) Ethanol Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
c) Acetone 1.24 2.24 1.97 2.47 2.07 3.48
h) CCl4 Nil 2.54 Nil 2.17 Nil 3.25
i) Benzene 7.16 6.92 6.72 5.69 8.03 6.67
k) Toluene 5.63 Nil 5.24 Nil 6.27 Nil
l) P-Xylene 3.62 1.93 3.17 1.28 4.36 2.12
m) M –Xylene 2.37 2.35 2.73 2.12 3.47 3.07
n)O-Xylene 3.86 2.25 2.81 2.27 4.59 3.09
Conc of VOCs 60.04 53.23 58.11μg 49.20μ 67.77μ 56.42μ

μg/m3 μg/m3 /m3 g/m3 g/m3 g/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 126
Name of Cluster GIDC, Panoli, Bharuch

Sampling Location Hikal Ltd., Plot No. 629-630
Sr. Parameter Sampling Date(in the year 2011)

No.
4/5 18/5 8/6 22/6 6/7 20/7

a) Methanol
b) Ethanol 15.36 29.32 14.27 28.32 15.32 29.26
c) Acetone 11.14 Nil 12.18 Nil 13.04 Nil
d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) 42.31 Nil 41.32 Nil 42.26 Nil
g) Chloroform 14.51 Nil 13.64 Nil 14.12 Nil
i) Benzene 30.27 33.57 30.46 32.75 31.26 33.27
l) P-Xylene 29.41 41.26 28.76 40.37 29.62 41.27
m) M –Xylene 15.53 18.17 14.28 17.75 15.24 18.67
n)O-Xylene 12.37 21.13 11.37 20.17 12.37 21.34
Conc of VOCs 236.16 182.86 231.07μg 178.83μg 240.71 185.48

μg/m3 μg/m3 /m3 /m3 μg/m3 μg/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 127
Name of Cluster ECP Office, NR. IPCL, Vadodara

Sampling Location ECPL Pump House, ChikuWadi, Baroda

No.
6/5 20/5 10/6 24/6 8/7 22/7

a) Methanol Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
b) Ethanol 13.21 12.46 12.56 11.67 13.44 12.65
c) Acetone 15.23 18.20 14.37 17.50 15.20 18.57
h) CCl4 1.73 5.34 1.64 5.47 2.17 6.34
i) Benzene 1.2 2.1 1.4 2.7 2.09 3.4
k) Toluene 11.53 Nil 10.57 Nil 11.72 Nil
l) P-Xylene 2.78 8.75 2.23 7.43 3.16 8.21
m) M –Xylene 1.26 12.35 1.64 11.57 2.38 12.64
n)O-Xylene 1.18 8.41 1.10 7.92 2.12 8.61
Conc of VOCs 63.35 71.82 59.74 68.64 67.63μ 75.66

μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 g/m3 μg/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 128
Name of Cluster Nandesari, Vadodara

Sampling Location Nandesari Common Effluent Treatment Plant

No.
7/5 21/5 11/6 25/6 9/7 23/7

a) Methanol 1.34 8.21 1.76 7.58 2.46 8.54
f) Butanol 12.45 13.23 12.82 12.36 13.64 13.57
h) CCl4 4.55 Nil 3.74 Nil 5.26 Nil
i) Benzene 2.13 4.65 2.80 4.51 3.47 5.37
k) Toluene 18.34 11.23 17.61 10.92 19.27 11.74
l) P-Xylene 1.2 6.35 1.9 6.14 1.9 7.87
m) M –Xylene 1.43 5.71 1.68 5.43 2.07 6.34
n)O-Xylene 1.51 4.92 1.97 4.76 2.34 5.24
Conc of VOCs 57.38 76.23 59.87 72.65 67.44 81.39μ

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 129
Name of Cluster Savli, Vadodara

Sampling Location Lubrizol Advanced Materials India Pvt. Ltd.

No.
5/5 19/5 9/6 23/6 7/7 21/7

a) Methanol 1.39 2.78 1.55 1.95 1.87 2.97
b) Ethanol 1.52 3.10 1.95 3.04 1.91 3.45
c) Acetone 2.81 5.76 3.12 7.12 3.27 6.37
h) CCl4 9.42 Nil 7.95 Nil 10.22 Nil
i) Benzene 4.1 7.02 5.1 6.74 4.9 8.21
j) Methyl isobutylketone Nil 5.15 Nil 4.24 Nil 5.99
k) Toluene 5.31 7.13 4.18 9.81 6.33 8.14
l) P-Xylene 1.23 1.22 1.75 1.08 1.87 1.87
m) M –Xylene 1.06 1.35 1.28 1.54 1.11 1.79
n)O-Xylene 1.31 1.43 1.01 1.85 1.84 1.94
Conc of VOCs 28.15 38.08 29.27μg 39.72μg 34.69μ 44.58μ

μg/m3 μg/m3 /m3 /m3 g/m3 g/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 130
Name of Cluster Ekalbara, Vadodara

Sampling Location Above Mahuvad Fire Station, Near Transpec Company

No.
6/5 20/5 10/6 24/6 8/7 22/7

a) Methanol 11.12 13.52 11.36 12.54 12.54 12.97
c) Acetone 3.13 7.21 3.07 7.14 3.91 7.88
h) CCl4 16.66 13.73 15.42 13.21 16.37 14.79
i) Benzene 5.12 4.90 5.17 4.62 5.98 5.74
k) Toluene 10.66 10.12 10.36 9.86 11.32 10.47
l) P-Xylene 8.91 7.53 8.51 7.16 9.64 7.94
m) M –Xylene 7.65 8.31 6.25 8.11 6.73 8.76
n)O-Xylene 7.84 8.11 6.78 7.74 7.38 8.79
Conc of VOCs 73.73 78.74 69.08 75.31 76.84μ 82.91μ

μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 g/m3 g/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 131
Name of Cluster GIDC, Odhav, Ahmedabad

Sampling Location Odhav Industrial Association, L-203, GIDC Estate

No.
12/5 26/5 7/6 21/6 9/7 23/7

a) Methanol
b) Ethanol 9.32 8.33 9.14 8.14 9.87 9.10
c) Acetone 10.11 7.43 10.07 7.28 10.88 8.12
f) Butanol 16.15 12.14 15.10 12.27 15.84 13.09
h) CCl4 8.12 10.43 8.25 10.13 8.94 11.35
i) Benzene 14.26 16.26 13.47 15.75 14.57 16.27
l) P-Xylene Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
m) M –Xylene 6.67 5.66 6.27 5.36 6.88 6.28
n)O-Xylene 6.96 7.10 6.31 6.64 6.94 7.18
Conc of VOCs 100.91 95.29 96.88 91.08 105.79 100.49
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 132
Name of Cluster GIDC, Naroda, Ahmedabad

Sampling Location Udhyog Nagar Police Chowki, Naroda GIDC

No.
5/5 19/5 6/6 20/6 7/7 21/7

a) Methanol 3.53 6.63 3.47 6.41 4.11 7.22
c) Acetone 9.55 13.15 9.26 12.57 10.27 13.19
h) CCl4 10.34 13.12 10.17 12.87 11.79 13.54
i) Benzene 5.81 5.21 5.49 5.14 6.57 6.17
k) Toluene 21.21 26.34 21.07 25.16 21.92 26.58
l) P-Xylene 8.76 10.72 8.22 10.24 9.14 11.47
m) M –Xylene 6.66 9.88 6.34 9.34 7.26 10.52
n)O-Xylene 6.12 10.32 6.37 10.17 7.24 10.79
Conc of VOCs 78.08 104.61 76.12 100.94 84.64μ 109.35

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 133
Name of Cluster GIDC, Vatva, Ahmedabad

Sampling Location Vatva Industrial Association, GIDC Estate

No.
6/5 20/5 7/6 21/6 8/7 22/7

a) Methanol 18.23 10.23 17.14 10.12 17.90 10.88
c) Acetone 7.15 6.67 7.02 6.34 7.84 7.67
h) CCl4 9.85 7.53 9.47 7.24 10.17 7.96
i) Benzene 8.23 6.91 8.17 6.73 8.95 7.26
k) Toluene 21.16 19.26 20.76 18.62 21.48 19.45
l) P-Xylene 13.12 12.43 12.16 12.47 13.46 13.86
m) M –Xylene 11.19 14.12 11.04 13.62 11.75 14.54
n)O-Xylene 13.12 15.21 12.74 14.21 13.37 14.82
Conc of VOCs 112.29 101.79 108.66μ 98.57μg 116.29μ 107.19μ

μg/m3 μg/m3 g/m3 /m3 g/m3 g/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 134
Name of Cluster Changodar – Bavala (Kerala GIDC), Ahmedabad

Sampling Location Gmbell Healthcare (India) Pvt. Ltd.

No.
9/5 23/5 13/6 20/6 14/7 21/7

a) Methanol 15.12 10.11 14.12 9.51 14.83 10.13
c) Acetone 9.32 7.02 9.24 6.84 9.76 5.97
f) Butanol 8.73 10.73 8.31 10.23 9.25 10.84
g) Chloroform 9.34 11.21 9.14 10.61 10.07 11.23
h) CCl4 7.32 8.37 7.22 8.17 8.35 8.76
i) Benzene 5.63 5.25 4.63 5.05 5.31 5.89
k) Toluene 21.17 18.17 20.17 17.57 21.74 16.67
l) P-Xylene 8.11 6.73 7.71 6.33 8.64 7.14
m) M –Xylene 6.59 4.56 6.39 4.23 7.32 4.82
n)O-Xylene 5.78 7.36 5.28 7.16 6.24 7.71
Conc of VOCs 101.27 94.65 96.27 90.91 106.28μ 95.23μg

μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 g/m3 /m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 135
Name of Cluster GIDC, Chhatral, Kalol

Sampling Location Sairam Industries, Chhatral GIDC, Gandhinagar

No.
7/5 21/5 8/6 22/6 6/7 20/7

a) Methanol 5.12 6.73 4.82 6.43 5.22 7.16
c) Acetone 6.32 9.35 6.15 9.15 6.87 9.73
h) CCl4 8.63 11.62 8.43 11.24 8.92 11.75
i) Benzene 5.74 4.97 5.14 4.77 5.67 5.17
k) Toluene 9.58 11.32 9.08 11.23 9.78 11.76
l) P-Xylene 9.23 8.11 9.13 7.84 9.86 8.24
m) M –Xylene 7.64 9.34 7.24 9.13 7.83 9.25
n)O-Xylene 8.13 7.56 8.03 7.21 7.56 7.69
Conc of VOCs 81.73 93.48 78.26 89.73 83.52μ 95.72μ

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 136
Name of Cluster Sanand Area

Sampling Location Loxim Industries Limited, Iyava Village, Sanand

No.
7/5 21/5 11/6 25/6 6/7 20/7

a) Methanol 1.1 1.72 1.3 1.52 1.9 1.67
c) Acetone 5.46 12.43 5.14 11.75 4.97 12.17
d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) 3.47 Nil 2.97 Nil 2.13 Nil
g) Chloroform 4.56 7.83 4.24 7.33 4.78 7.84
h) CCl4 2.74 6.21 2.43 6.01 1.87 6.79
i) Benzene 2.33 3.75 2.13 3.25 2.74 3.57
k) Toluene 8.41 9.63. 7.61 9.23. 8.23 10.24
l) P-Xylene 2.14 4.37 2.07 4.17 2.64 4.75
m) M –Xylene 3.12 3.93 3.10 3.24 3.82 3.67
n)O-Xylene 2.19 3.51 2.08 3.21 2.74 3.89
Conc of VOCs 37.83 43.75 35.18 49.71 38.5 54.59

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 137
Name of Cluster Aji Vasahat / Morbi – Wankaner

Sampling Location Near AjiVasahat, GIDC Rajkot

No.
6/5 20/5 7/6 21/6 5/7 19/7

a) Methanol 3.06 4.25 3.01 4.17 3.74 4.76
c) Acetone 12.07 14.15 11.67 13.75 12.67 14.22
f) Butanol 6.08 4.67 5.88 4.24 6.34 4.67
g) Chloroform 11.09 16.32 10.67 16.11 11.44 16.83
h) CCl4 14.12 12.85 13.71 12.23 14.34 12.82
i) Benzene 4.18 5.12 4.05 5.07 4.76 5.97
k) Toluene 15.67 18.13 15.57 17.83 15.81 18.30
l) P-Xylene 2.43 6.41 2.13 6.17 2.66 6.77
m) M –Xylene 2.13 5.93 1.84 5.32 2.14 5.64
n)O-Xylene 2.52 10.12 2.12 10.04 2.61 10.69
Conc of VOCs 73.35 99.05 70.65 96.00 76.51μ 102.54

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 138
Name of Cluster MotiKhavadi, Jamnagar

Sampling Location HirabhaiSolanki’s Terrace, Near Water Tank

No.
9/5 23/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7

a) Methanol
b) Ethanol 1.43 1.23 1.17 1.03 1.78 1.27
f) Butanol 3.34 1.57 3.13 1.14 4.25 1.84
g) Chloroform 3.12 1.55 2.87 1.25 3.10 1.64
h) CCl4 4.33 4.65 4.16 4.17 4.67 4.57
i) Benzene 5.23 2.92 5.03 2.23 5.96 2.93
l) P-Xylene 12.34 8.54 12.14 8.30 12.57 8.57
m) M –Xylene 8.24 9.23 8.09 9.07 8.78 9.96
n)O-Xylene 6.52 11.54 6.11 11.26 6.87 12.34
Conc of VOCs 71.31 63.88 67.91 59.60 75.53μ 66.86μ
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 139
Name of Cluster GIDC, Chitra, Bhavnagar

Sampling Location Plot No. 279

No.
5/5 19/5 9/6 23/6 7/7 21/7

a) Methanol
b) Ethanol 3.62 3.39 3.24 3.18 4.12 2.87
c) Acetone 1.33 2.14 1.07 1.76 1.65 1.24
f) Butanol 1.81 Nil 1.26 Nil 1.86 Nil
h) CCl4 2.3 Nil 2.1 Nil 3.2 Nil
i) Benzene 7.35 8.24 7.09 8.03 7.72 8.76
l) P-Xylene 10.2 8.32 9.76 8.09 10.24 8.84
m) M –Xylene 4.03 3.32 3.73 3.11 4.28 3.92
n)O-Xylene 5.33 4.21 5.04 3.67 5.67 3.14
Conc of VOCs 50.08 48.44 46.44 45.37 53.99μ 46.98
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 140
Name of Cluster Mundra, Kutch

Sampling Location Amrut Chamber, Baroi Road, Mundra.

No.
9/5 23/5 7/6 21/6 7/7 21/7

a) Methanol 10.12 12.07 9.82 11.87 4.12 2.87
b) Ethanol 4.47 5.13 4.17 5.02 1.65 1.24
c) Acetone 5.21 1.08 5.10 1.01 4.37 3.31
d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) Nil 16.13 Nil 15.73 Nil Nil
e) Methylene di-cholride (mdc) 11.31 11.27 11.03 11.04 1.86 Nil
f) Butanol Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 2.64
g) Chloroform 1.74 Nil 1.44 Nil 3.2 Nil
h) CCl4 6.61 4.04 6.27 3.62 7.72 8.76
i) Benzene 6.12 5.06 5.86 4.97 5.84 5.61
k) Toluene 2.12 12.46 1.84 12.06 10.24 8.84
l) P-Xylene 1.34 2.46 1.13 2.07 4.28 3.92
m) M –Xylene 1.14 3.20 1.07 2.03 5.67 3.14
n)O-Xylene 1.36 4.21 1.22 4.12 5.04 6.65
o) EthylMethylKetone Nil 2.07 Nil 1.77 Nil Nil
Conc of VOCs 51.54 79.18 48.95 75.31 53.99 46.98

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 141
Name of Cluster Anjar, Kutch

Sampling Location Gangotri, Plot No. 3, Anjar.

No.
4/5 18/5 8/6 22/6 5/7 19/7

a) Methanol
b) Ethanol 4.33 13.21 4.21 13.10 9.24 12.10
c) Acetone 1.23 8.23 1.09 8.12 4.57 5.87
d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) Nil 1.25 Nil 1.10 5.67 1.63
e) Methylene di-cholride (mdc) 22.13 10.34 21.84 9.76 Nil 16.54
f) Butanol 18.35 13.11 18.14 12.62 11.47 11.89
g) Chloroform 4.25 Nil 4.06 Nil Nil Nil
h) CCl4 Nil Nil Nil Nil 1.86 Nil
i) Benzene 11.27 5.36 11.14 5.06 6.74 4.25
l) P-Xylene 17.23 12.14 16.84 11.84 2.37 12.81
m) M –Xylene 5.46 5.47 5.20 4.76 1.95 2.67
n)O-Xylene 4.57 5.83 4.14 5.13 1.72 2.96
3.06 Nil 2.04 Nil Nil 2.14
Conc of VOCs 103.44 83.03 99.83 78.95 53.70μ 82.55μ

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 142
Name of Cluster Bhachau-Gandhidham Road, Kutch

Sampling Location LunvaBhachau, Kutch

No.
5/5 19/5 6/6 20/6 6/7 20/7
a) Methanol 1.32 Nil 1.16 Nil 4.65 13.43
b) Ethanol 12.20 18.32 11.73 18.07 1.78 8.76
d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) Nil Nil Nil Nil 22.14 10.24
f) Butanol Nil Nil Nil Nil 4.62 Nil
h) CCl4 12.47 11.26 11.75 10.64 12.86 5.73
i) Benzene 5.21 4.84 5.07 4.41 6.59 3.67
k) Toluene 20.12 13.52 19.72 13.12 17.09 12.59
l) P-Xylene 3.03 2.61 2.76 2.17 5.71 5.37
m) M –Xylene 2.13 3.22 1.85 3.07 4.57 6.34
n)O-Xylene 2.54 3.35 2.06 3.13 5.82 5.72
o) EthylMethylKetone Nil Nil Ni Nil 2.68 Nil
Conc of VOCs 67.13 63.67 63.94 60.84 107.54 87.01μ

2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 143
Name of Cluster Bhachau-Gandhidham Road, Kutch

Sampling Location LunvaBhachau, Kutch

No.
5/5 18/5 6/6 20/6 4/7 18/7

a) Methanol 1.32 13.21 1.16 Nil 1.68 Nil
b) Ethanol 12.20 8.23 11.73 18.07 12.27 17.23
d) Iso- propyl alcohol (IPA) Nil 10.34 Nil Nil Nil Nil
h) CCl4 12.47 5.36 11.75 10.64 12.10 11.78
i) Benzene 5.21 3.45 5.07 4.41 5.73 5.07
k) Toluene 20.12 12.14 19.72 13.12 20.34 13.69
l) P-Xylene 3.03 5.47 2.76 2.17 3.04 2.63
m) M –Xylene 2.13 5.83 1.85 3.07 2.07 3.74
n)O-Xylene 2.54 4.64 2.06 3.13 2.81 3.61
Conc of VOCs 67.13 83.03 63.94μg 60.84 68.17μg/ 64.82

μg/m3 μg/m3 /m3 μg/m3 m3 μg/m3
2) Benzo-a-Pyrene <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5
Page 144
1
1
Sr. No.
2
AHMEDABAD Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
Page 145
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
32612 31437 30830 30294 29533 28658 27969 27370 26821 26314 25744 25346 24643 23974 22782 Truck/ Lorries
5
3303 3220 3124 3060 3027 2993 2959 2918 2868 2815 2789 2727 2612 2501 2276 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
42776 38514 34685 31817 28529 24441 21369 18791 17127 16113 15089 14061 7932 6552 5092
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
21710 18439 16446 15050 13621 12630 12149 11699 11600 10969 10709 10400 14621 14087 13426 Other LGVs
8
24142 23739 23552 23275 23068 22753 22319 22227 22081 21994 22229 22208 22008 21853 21757 Buses
9
3256 2751 2334 1823 1500 1209 969 668 438 409 366 341 286 220 92 Maxi
440 405 345 316 274 244 177 148 116 111 102 79 73 68 66 School Buses
10
Private Service
984 970 932 890 841 803 761 738 726 714 707 696 667 646 617
11
Vehicles
840 840 837 822 821 819 813 797 797 797 781 776 772 769 713 Police Van
12
989 961 934 893 872 838 821 788 759 731 714 691 662 651 630 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
Annexure ‐ IV
353412 309039 282804 257739 236008 216782 201612 186995 173781 161854 150810 139246 124538 114699 103907
14
Station Wagon
9045 8448 7912 7398 7095 6818 6407 6133 5972 5823 5757 5695 5680 5471 5185 Taxi
15
30176 30016 25003 23657 22336 21704 21038 20194 19165 18352 17823 17275 16369 15471 14174 Jeep
16
128240 115699 105432 98386 90918 77896 58700 56097 53608 51876 51100 49886 47749 45225 42829 Auto Rickshaw
17
160624 Motor Cycle/
1462419 1362665 1280457 1180576 1069696 971006 865897 785401 720269 669778 627993 572405 522670 474359
18
1 Scooters
TWO
Vehicles Population as on 31st March for the Years : 1996‐1997 TO 2010‐2011
269417 266103 248601 246776 242090 237411 231822 224608 217016 209379 200601 189333 176101 162590 151296 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
39636 37094 35303 33407 31783 30236 28754 27493 26765 25422 24497 23769 22384 20822 19263 Tractor
20
24166 23071 21959 21041 19997 19182 18479 18024 17768 17436 17125 16677 15833 14797 13774 Trailor
21
9187 8288 7326 6474 5629 5115 4544 4101 3716 3504 3209 2920 2498 2182 1889 Other
22
260057 129488 121993 115011 105783

2381453 2211024 2083575 1938518 1780228 1632668 1495686 1386525 975248 894127 Total
23
2 2 0 9 3

1
2
Sr. No.
2
MEHSANA Office

2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year

4
16491 16126 15768 15530 14964 14514 14135 13818 13444 13218 13005 12815 12437 12004 11074 Truck/ Lorries

5
1362 1190 1089 917 884 867 829 758 717 697 667 637 606 587 515 Tanker

Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
7106 6746 6398 5919 5326 4514 3836 3267 2938 2714 2513 2322 1982 1505 1139
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
4205 3323 2935 2801 2635 2436 2286 2151 2061 1997 1921 1852 1668 1552 1500 Other LGVs

910 867 831 769 743 709 667 642 556 512 490 474 442 380 352 8
9 Buses

1555 1476 1329 1129 751 499 275 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maxi
114 79 66 59 48 33 26 23 19 17 16 16 12 7 7 School Buses
10

Private Service
329 312 311 309 309 302 302 302 302 301 297 285 275 266 249
11
Vehicles
81 81 81 81 81 79 79 79 78 78 75 74 74 74 74 Police Van
12
139 135 135 135 135 133 129 123 119 111 105 100 94 94 92 Ambulance
13

PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
35228 31071 28339 25939 23658 21711 19775 17828 16398 14834 13525 12352 10428 9311 8102
14
Station Wagon
4028 3943 3913 3535 3481 3305 3252 3260 3085 2955 2912 2916 2869 2788 2841 Taxi
15
17131 16963 16706 16389 16086 15798 15549 15098 14607 14213 13846 13359 12234 11121 10075 Jeep
16
22451 20590 19257 17634 16753 16331 15936 15443 14912 14421 14180 13596 12419 10974 9628 Auto Rickshaw
17

Motor Cycle/
255931 233733 215333 199969 184691 168430 153950 139833 129682 119769 111488 104824 92513 80768 71322
18
Scooters
TWO
26538 26533 26524 26392 26367 26129 25657 24911 24056 23024 22010 20859 18855 17184 15875 Mopeds
19
WHEELER

38373 36881 36099 35211 34259 33270 32297 31448 31028 30180 29354 28373 26371 23913 21900 Tractor
20
23880 23249 22680 22237 21804 21292 20795 20501 20230 19852 19497 18908 17776 16450 15205 Trailor
21
1474 1269 1054 949 853 823 737 645 597 537 477 383 337 310 267 Other
22
Page 146
457326 424567 398848 375904 353828 331175 310512 290203 274829 259430 246378 234145 211392 189288 170217 Total
23

1
3
Sr. No.
2
RAJKOT Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
Page 147
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
21397 20517 19899 19433 18385 16976 15996 15371 14773 14406 14202 14012 13732 13282 12450 Truck/ Lorries
5
1780 1717 1605 1537 1486 1467 1438 1378 1279 1217 1186 1175 1156 1140 1128 Tanker
Annexure IV
6
22903 21457 20019 18813 17376 15923 14872 13474 12508 11906 10904 10171 2624 1287 85 Three Wheeler LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
11800 10861 10092 9204 8393 7859 7475 7110 6789 6614 6410 6233 11939 11453 10882 Other LGVs
8
2862 2724 2653 2578 2395 2357 2181 2000 1812 1688 1665 1644 1614 1537 1520 Buses
9
1635 1431 1243 1060 804 551 363 215 113 90 86 84 81 75 10 Maxi
435 366 309 232 222 198 168 150 140 136 128 125 119 114 107 School Buses
10
292 271 271 251 237 229 202 190 172 164 164 159 147 123 121 Private Service Vehicles
11
220 220 220 220 220 216 206 200 189 192 177 170 166 160 149 Police Van
12
352 330 322 301 291 276 246 238 216 209 198 190 181 168 159 Ambulance
13
Motor Cars & Station
PASSENGER VEHICLES
86848 71018 61999 55734 49048 42415 38408 34911 32011 29465 27251 25290 22721 21065 18781
14
Wagon
3522 3213 3104 3017 2800 2612 2549 2492 2421 2354 2341 2322 2345 2319 2301 Taxi
15
4886 4886 4886 4881 4864 4849 4711 4571 4422 4300 4169 4033 3870 3658 3426 Jeep
16
17568 15515 13325 10983 10323 9717 8944 8216 7464 6934 6681 6488 6011 5110 4454 Auto Rickshaw
17
675431 604761 544474 490118 436764 377859 328001 272964 236335 212759 188780 175408 155646 137118 121667 Motor Cycle/ Scooters
18
TWO
242251 232203 228604 225491 221388 217412 212449 207604 200693 191638 181801 173675 159781 142404 128393 Mopeds
WHEELER
19
28512 25214 23100 21576 19906 18187 17009 16418 16030 15625 15051 14700 13874 12395 11022 Tractor
20
28927 26876 25074 23151 21361 20161 19061 18378 17945 17470 16666 16173 15095 13631 12083 Trailor
21
4261 3529 2987 2669 2214 1961 1656 1454 1341 1266 1157 1004 914 882 840 Other
22
1155882 1047109 964186 891249 818477 741225 675935 607334 556653 518433 479017 453056 412016 367921 329578 Total
23
4
1
Sr. No.
2
BHAVNAGAR Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
5690 5310 5001 4800 4489 3927 3680 3598 3500 3419 3397 3369 3250 3047 2829 Truck/ Lorries
5
372 375 371 371 369 365 344 337 336 333 327 323 309 287 273 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
14733 13487 12687 11793 10789 9641 9060 8359 7596 7157 6723 6415 3449 2600 1725
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
3714 3484 3155 2937 2719 2586 2392 2157 2003 1890 1864 1815 3919 3803 3669 7
8 Other LGVs
1018 959 917 898 843 820 780 686 609 556 532 531 492 471 416 Buses
9
920 703 530 412 293 203 102 49 26 21 19 16 12 6 1 Maxi
129 116 109 96 93 89 74 66 56 56 53 48 43 30 25 School Buses
10
Private Service
79 78 78 79 69 64 60 58 56 56 56 50 47 35 34
11
Vehicles
38 38 38 25 25 25 25 21 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 Police Van
12
164 152 149 143 135 123 121 115 106 101 100 96 88 81 71 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
21083 18337 16563 15241 13791 12411 11304 10304 9492 8817 8211 7453 6502 5992 5318
14
Station Wagon
988 928 867 821 789 750 732 698 680 658 661 637 632 612 595 Taxi
15
2304 2304 2304 2304 2304 2294 2296 2288 2240 2199 2081 1996 1859 1703 1465 Jeep
16
10382 10098 9803 9387 8792 8051 7406 6847 6196 5811 5568 5270 4786 4262 3788 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
245211 219337 201870 186636 170861 154829 138398 123212 108280 97178 89044 82120 72184 64257 57566
18
Scooters
TWO
122243 120859 119706 117726 115081 111163 105405 99946 97208 94323 91203 87250 79485 71576 64508
WHEELER
Mopeds
19
17121 15833 14970 13992 13115 12365 11786 11497 11314 11115 10871 10515 10010 9180 8319 Tractor
20
17095 16112 15268 14547 13777 12894 12458 12244 12018 11858 11626 11260 10710 9868 9062 Trailor
21
980 817 712 586 492 427 352 334 329 308 270 211 173 159 139 Other
22
464264 429327 405098 382794 358826 333027 306775 282816 262064 245875 232624 219393 197967 177986 159819 Total
23
Page 148
1
5
Sr. No.
2
SURAT Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
Page 149
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
22383 20669 19230 18260 16189 14718 13866 13195 12443 11884 11664 11329 10918 10513 10057 Truck/ Lorries
5
845 812 756 740 691 673 646 645 635 613 588 559 548 525 479 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
23933 21548 19913 18640 17113 15248 13349 12055 11910 11704 11385 11142 1486 774 34
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
15160 13571 12306 11395 10388 9502 8933 8166 6721 5932 5533 4928 13404 12875 12333 Other LGVs
8
1556 1417 1350 1289 1111 1081 1059 1018 936 908 948 927 857 786 708 Buses
9
851 746 677 602 514 391 300 158 41 7 69 67 55 51 49 Maxi
644 594 531 493 429 346 234 167 120 86 63 56 49 46 38 School Buses
10
Private Service
379 361 346 339 331 285 307 302 297 292 276 274 272 268 265
11
Vehicles
148 143 137 137 132 128 121 115 102 101 93 85 85 85 85 Police Van
12
369 343 307 294 276 262 247 229 210 192 178 166 163 156 148 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
189370 165508 149539 137806 123791 110236 97354 87514 79101 71871 65626 59089 52479 47848 42678
14
Station Wagon
2070 1964 1910 1889 1781 1712 1670 1554 1446 1286 1113 1059 1070 1054 1048 Taxi
15
14613 13601 12650 11911 10890 9885 9197 8380 7618 7059 6677 6378 6047 5620 4997 Jeep
16
79980 74814 70152 66067 63456 57851 50769 44837 40103 35667 33432 31801 29180 25731 22092 Auto Rickshaw
17
119035 109102 102131 Motor Cycle/

964588 887460 792077 700528 618691 555172 497714 456950 423106 381925 343692 312764
18
4 5 7 Scooters
180545 179375 178339 177354 175489 172766 167948 163084 157756 151858 145633 136427 123313 112484 102660 Mopeds
19
TWO WHEELER
16161 15683 15238 14877 14410 13814 13327 13049 12881 12660 12488 12222 11915 11585 11301 Tractor
20
10242 9999 9785 9640 9427 9187 9002 8851 8743 8573 8473 8285 8117 7967 7806 Trailor
21
2515 2167 1775 1564 1247 988 832 703 609 476 461 423 410 382 337 Other
22
175211 161434 151625 143788 133512 121115 108968

982713 896844 818883 761650 708323 642293 582442 529879 Total
23
8 0 8 5 5 0 9
1
6
Sr. No.
2
VADODARA Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
19927 19130 18392 18020 17109 16545 15421 15172 15052 14889 14838 14600 14186 13756 13009 Truck/ Lorries
5
7377 7213 6922 6756 6187 5728 5414 5028 4737 4506 4349 4090 3665 3442 3223 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
14042 12018 11073 10166 9048 7727 6382 5548 5367 2754 2635 2444 2030 1631 1317
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
16785 15351 14315 13349 12508 11417 10892 9605 8430 10287 9946 9574 9226 8845 8416 Other LGVs
8
2485 2323 2208 2055 2024 1959 1850 1642 1558 1495 1452 1403 1312 1174 1053 Buses
9
2447 1991 1639 1354 1100 913 732 555 341 307 267 210 137 64 0 Maxi
229 224 179 145 127 106 53 33 29 26 26 26 26 26 24 School Buses
10
Private Service
1439 1370 1348 1325 1300 1271 1213 1192 1184 1182 1179 1173 1164 1155 1136
11
Vehicles
212 202 193 191 191 182 182 182 182 182 159 159 153 152 142 Police Van
12
487 410 358 318 275 259 234 207 194 182 182 172 172 167 167 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
138154 123460 112954 105528 97116 89290 82581 75728 69600 64362 58612 53184 46917 43624 38931
14
Station Wagon
6369 5952 5634 5397 5175 4970 4693 4418 4046 3801 3711 3614 3601 3378 3055 Taxi
15
13427 10843 9227 8216 7518 7335 7326 7109 6949 6827 6705 6542 6194 5838 5517 Jeep
16
48225 43600 39537 37355 34881 31549 30056 29040 28149 27242 26494 25516 23803 21411 19507 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
691506 641964 598532 565986 525814 478072 438360 398127 360801 324160 297724 275193 251747 231599 213982
18
Scooters
292877 271798 249650 233246 216999 202679 188297 176128 168007 161837 155577 145701 131119 117026 104394 Mopeds
19
TWO WHEELER
24406 22505 20987 19588 17821 15889 14460 13700 13236 12772 12426 12053 11379 10574 9846 Tractor
20
15442 14771 14160 13442 12164 10895 10028 9685 9365 9092 8827 8431 7910 7409 6969 Trailor
21
4001 3288 2665 2152 1600 1308 1166 1038 946 899 866 841 785 725 697 Other
22
129983 119841 110997 104458

968957 888094 819340 754137 698173 646802 605975 564926 515526 471996 431385 Total
23
7 3 3 9
Page 150

1
7
Sr. No.
2
NADIAD Office
Page 151
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
Year
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
4
14382 14279 14127 14083 13949 13774 13716 13662 13565 13415 13308 13069 12591 12321 11491 Truck/ Lorries
5
617 615 614 607 604 601 595 594 589 584 577 569 546 535 456 Tanker
Annexure IV
6 Three Wheeler
10028 9452 8927 8562 8030 7238 6396 5819 5406 4974 4592 4215 3696 3229 2808
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
12676 12061 11693 11313 10777 10326 10052 9827 9520 9201 9003 8712 8211 7836 7240 Other LGVs
8
780 739 722 723 713 718 697 694 675 668 661 640 581 545 502 Buses
9
517 393 321 258 208 151 110 62 39 26 15 6 4 4 2 Maxi
60 60 53 40 32 23 18 18 18 16 12 9 9 9 9 School Buses
10
Private Service
101 101 101 101 101 100 99 101 99 99 106 103 100 97 89
11
Vehicles
104 104 101 101 101 98 91 84 84 84 76 67 65 61 51 Police Van
12
210 203 184 163 156 149 143 141 138 133 124 115 107 100 94 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
43572 40549 38447 37233 35975 34739 33764 32879 31901 29939 28097 26207 23731 22175 20103
14
Station Wagon
2705 2676 2644 2647 2631 2627 2618 2605 2600 2583 2578 2570 2578 2551 2497 Taxi
15
9194 9059 8888 8767 8541 8365 8144 7858 7566 7073 6636 6023 5340 4740 3933 Jeep
16
50859 46749 43913 42193 41110 40327 39339 38342 37069 34997 34077 32017 28864 24865 21469 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
302628 283150 267694 256556 244792 231326 218989 208348 199574 184165 170109 157209 140957 126699 114483
18
Scooters
72104 71272 70823 70513 70082 69640 69060 68267 67181 64500 61823 58479 54132 50498 46935 Mopeds
19
TWO WHEELER
45994 44363 43192 41885 40222 38862 37648 36844 36248 34659 32863 30858 28956 27006 25202 Tractor
20
23967 23388 22904 22452 21848 21250 20847 20659 20436 20055 19580 18704 17650 16572 15490 Trailor
21
440 426 420 410 357 311 228 212 185 163 148 132 124 121 115 Other
22
590938 559639 535768 518607 500229 480625 462554 447016 432893 407334 384385 359704 328242 299964 272969 Total
23
1
8
Sr. No.
2
PALAMPUR Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
Year
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
4
4511 4199 3922 3777 3541 3197 2863 2689 2448 2028 1709 1635 1474 1369 1248 Truck/ Lorries
5
187 187 187 187 187 187 185 185 185 185 180 179 174 172 168 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
4602 4169 3629 3224 2798 2178 1611 929 693 610 531 479 385 284 220 6
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
3593 3593 3593 3593 3593 3346 3069 3069 2898 2687 2531 2343 2067 1745 1496 Other LGVs
8
76 74 74 74 74 67 63 52 41 37 63 71 67 67 66 Buses
9
610 594 490 426 364 249 147 100 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maxi
34 34 34 34 34 34 34 16 13 12 10 8 8 15 14 School Buses
10
Private Service
18 18 18 18 18 18 18 15 12 12 12 15 15 15 12
11
Vehicles
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 35 34 18 15 18 17 21 17 Police Van
12
49 49 49 49 46 45 41 41 41 40 39 37 36 41 38 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
12127 10382 8820 7941 6807 6032 5173 4395 3796 3266 2789 2227 1817 1623 1439
14
Station Wagon
777 777 777 777 764 700 643 558 489 477 482 504 512 528 574 Taxi
15
11104 10493 9886 9326 8944 8464 7962 7165 6601 6321 5988 5557 4989 4340 3842 Jeep
16
8858 8132 7298 6878 6452 5935 5508 5224 4922 4643 4466 4177 3780 3306 2982 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
105931 92150 80626 71663 63372 54546 46589 40471 36350 32599 29469 27102 23140 19484 17307
18
Scooters
TWO WHEELER
9454 9454 9454 9454 9454 8633 7913 7449 6889 6364 5837 5273 4562 3969 3622
Mopeds
19
38819 36737 35303 33770 31751 29469 26961 25226 24504 23050 21790 20447 18273 15512 13516 Tractor
20
17058 15679 14506 13641 12984 12418 11515 11042 10753 10361 9947 9408 8459 7357 6496 Trailor
21
331 215 195 171 133 108 82 60 53 38 32 22 20 18 14 Other
22
Page 152

218186 196983 178908 165050 151363 135673 120424 108721 100723 92748 85890 79502 69795 59866 53071 Total
1
9
Sr. No.
2
HIMATNAGAR Office
Page 153
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
14879 14167 13680 13223 12436 11399 10652 10152 9652 9331 9128 8895 8277 7648 6527 Truck/ Lorries
5
89 82 78 74 67 63 63 63 63 61 61 58 58 55 55 Tanker
Annexure IV
6
GOODS VEHICLES
7
5808 5124 4462 3947 3472 3081 2705 2461 2285 2228 2091 1985 1787 1579 1467 Other LGVs
8
93 78 74 71 65 66 63 60 57 56 55 51 49 48 48 Buses
9
624 508 383 303 224 98 40 22 7 6 4 3 2 0 0 Maxi
47 40 31 20 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 School Buses

10
11
40 40 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 16 16 15 14 14 12 Police Van
12
51 46 44 39 35 26 24 23 23 23 22 21 20 20 18 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
20090 15883 13136 11591 9854 8134 6874 5740 4949 4204 3596 3101 2378 2029 1749
14
Wagon
1024 1012 1006 1000 970 965 964 963 961 954 937 915 902 901 896 Taxi
15
10057 9750 9590 9240 8992 8551 7883 6937 6427 6083 5581 5239 4565 4219 4008 Jeep
16
13768 12445 11474 10797 10288 9333 8254 7573 6839 6313 6020 5650 5054 4421 3655 Auto Rickshaw
17
18
TWO
WHEELER
20704 20653 20643 20466 20411 20150 19369 18325 17014 15653 14370 13207 10967 8510 7143 Mopeds
19
30209 28372 27147 25827 24482 22924 21312 20113 19327 18315 17332 16326 14498 12693 10850 Tractor
20
14652 14107 13642 13192 12826 12294 11928 11650 11439 11178 10866 10399 9539 8425 7311 Trailor
21
482 398 288 208 126 65 39 23 22 20 20 19 19 18 18 Other
22
378141 339580 311477 290146 267212 241564 211629 185386 167548 152782 140539 127878 109118 93843 82041 Total
23
1
Sr. No.
10
2
JAMNAGAR Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
13133 12681 12222 11758 10350 7998 7157 6530 5858 5413 5166 5026 4886 4685 3894 Truck/ Lorries
5
497 497 486 473 470 441 421 365 337 334 320 314 305 291 269 Tanker
Annexure IV
6
GOODS VEHICLES
7
4663 4169 3825 3433 2910 2404 2127 1843 1700 1593 1442 1272 9277 9129 9025 Other LGVs
8
783 744 715 677 622 567 490 405 372 355 343 322 309 272 231 Buses
9
1951 1801 1718 1532 1176 721 524 388 277 225 211 253 241 215 0 Maxi
64 55 47 39 28 27 24 19 18 18 18 18 15 15 13 School Buses
10
11
33 32 30 30 30 30 30 31 30 29 27 27 27 27 18 Police Van
12
165 161 155 149 136 115 106 101 97 90 82 76 70 67 57 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
26418 22744 20497 18416 16124 14249 12736 11508 10549 9709 8831 7990 6971 6045 5078
14
Wagon
1734 1560 1504 1452 1311 1116 1056 1046 1031 1019 1012 1010 1027 861 726 Taxi
15
3482 3179 2954 2714 2363 2133 1898 1728 1575 1515 1450 1389 1287 1149 1013 Jeep
16
5951 5734 5546 5340 4942 4346 3970 3668 3420 3250 3102 2958 2674 2377 2138 Auto Rickshaw
17
18
TWO
102016 99259 94491 89226 83170 78449 73507 68942 65721 62963 59667 56930 51774 45914 40617
WHEELER
Mopeds
19
16614 14508 12895 11268 9457 8121 7188 6602 6331 6014 5638 5408 4940 4237 3458 Tractor
20
15504 14112 12903 11531 10085 9026 8287 7725 7433 7067 6636 6355 5732 4864 3963 Trailor
21
3729 3576 3409 3057 2106 1313 983 764 647 617 561 343 214 153 69 Other
22
446237 406779 375759 346536 311578 277533 251583 227533 210007 196304 181605 171658 153525 133144 115319 Total
23
Page 154
1
Sr. No.
11
2
JUNAGADH Office
Page 155
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
6687 6314 6179 6070 5789 5200 4979 4844 4596 4448 4371 4280 4195 4040 3587 Truck/ Lorries
5
327 326 326 315 310 301 291 278 265 265 265 263 258 251 234 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
19823 18862 17839 16562 15266 13504 12700 11437 10762 6277 5810 5376 3936 2150 327 6 LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
7375 7107 6838 6597 6358 6127 6011 5945 5879 9901 9877 9838 9786 9733 9655 Other LGVs
8
697 649 615 514 453 395 355 257 207 191 184 176 165 154 149 Buses
9
411 256 190 158 120 83 57 25 11 11 10 9 8 8 0 Maxi
91 76 76 74 60 52 42 40 32 28 28 28 25 20 17 School Buses
10
Private Service
107 103 102 98 97 95 94 94 92 90 90 90 90 88 81
11
Vehicles
71 67 61 61 61 61 60 58 56 56 54 49 45 43 34 Police Van
12

119 112 100 97 95 90 79 79 75 72 72 66 60 54 49 Ambulance
13
Motor Cars &
PASSENGER VEHICLES
17435 14938 13373 12292 11087 9910 9033 8127 7376 6725 6205 5775 5172 4581 3837
14
Station Wagon
917 903 866 855 807 787 780 771 759 745 739 735 727 718 701 Taxi
15
1354 1354 1354 1355 1351 1350 1331 1325 1311 1294 1246 1193 1121 1052 930 Jeep
16
7062 6934 6785 6674 6478 6166 5872 5518 5279 5177 5099 4912 4447 3856 3347 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
254221 228609 208547 190422 172731 154036 136662 119928 106704 96964 87910 81585 71182 60289 51491
18
Scooters
TWO
WHEELER
57437 54503 52040 49786 47893 46444 44897 43233 41845 40498 39066 37381 34613 31727 29149 Mopeds
19
17459 15821 14606 13157 12213 11126 10447 9888 9579 9225 8897 8536 7791 6440 5206 Tractor
20
15329 15329 14878 13977 13283 12679 12197 11831 11532 11181 10825 10314 9446 8076 6660 Trailor
21
418 361 313 270 222 199 179 173 173 172 167 157 148 147 147 Other
22
407340 372624 345088 319334 294674 268605 246066 223851 206533 193320 180915 170763 153215 133427 115601 Total
23
1
Sr. No.
12
2
BHUJ‐GANDHIDHAM Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
31193 27867 26136 25053 22888 19604 16826 15232 14124 13490 13035 12634 12277 12036 11403 Truck/ Lorries
5
7884 7253 6671 6450 6038 5762 5546 5196 4657 4325 3915 3457 3235 3143 3037 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
7449 7020 6693 6251 5559 4695 4129 3642 3240 2735 2038 1875 552 264 29
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
6329 5643 5150 4716 4127 3608 3159 2711 2344 2048 1775 1573 2283 1959 1797 Other LGVs
8
676 581 542 509 471 435 378 315 261 227 201 183 166 139 116 Buses
9
1755 1463 1284 1053 770 518 303 132 62 49 11 5 2 1 0 Maxi
110 110 81 66 52 38 37 25 21 20 16 12 11 9 8 School Buses
10
Private Service
351 351 345 311 285 271 239 230 213 208 201 194 186 171 160
11
Vehicles
29 29 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 Police Van
12
1
3
374 350 332 303 277 249 231 221 195 183 153 144 120 112 105 Ambulance
Motor Cars &
PASSENGER VEHICLES
38757 33046 28660 25042 21943 19355 16859 14469 12845 11354 10110 9101 7848 6923 5852
14
Station Wagon
2760 2555 2419 2340 2290 2237 2176 2135 2097 2026 1952 1924 1886 1816 1738 Taxi
15
7800 7739 7422 6898 6264 5859 5723 5690 5384 5031 4448 4161 3775 3452 3061 Jeep
16
12876 11922 11224 10565 9861 9095 8450 7817 7179 6522 6058 5645 5127 4505 3979 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
262669 234855 209749 189034 170836 148703 128136 111448 98569 88604 75648 68618 60631 52713 46052
18
Scooters
TWO
85491 84400 82760 81313 76832 73974 70535 67052 62029 56567 49519 45141 39671 33839 29376
WHEELER
Mopeds
19
22528 21047 19430 17723 15957 14817 13921 13184 12860 12240 11275 10519 9360 7922 6795 Tractor
20
18206 16885 15608 14365 13158 12338 11647 11224 10854 10063 9040 8380 7413 6511 5694 Trailor
21
4324 3600 3051 2438 1967 1625 1390 1155 982 821 668 481 368 327 278 Other
22
511561 466716 427586 394459 359604 323212 289713 261906 237944 216541 190091 174075 154939 135870 119508 Total
23
Page 156
1
Sr. No.
13
2
SURENDRANAGAR Office
Page 157
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
2071 1879 1839 1738 1586 1462 1404 1288 1239 1204 1177 1165 1128 1051 942 Truck/ Lorries
5
61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 62 61 59 56 55 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
7382 7007 6287 5594 4895 4286 3713 3121 2643 2290 1765 1470 938 412 1
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
3580 3306 3100 2948 2669 2392 2213 2065 1995 1923 1838 1763 1625 1526 1435 Other LGVs
8
229 226 224 209 185 175 151 109 71 63 60 61 60 58 55 Buses
9
282 244 194 153 102 63 33 5 5 6 5 6 8 5 0 Maxi
11 11 11 8 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 School Buses

10
Private Service
26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 25 24
11
Vehicles
13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 12 12 12 11 Police Van
12
45 45 45 44 44 37 35 35 31 26 25 24 23 23 22 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
9068 7962 7115 6394 5618 4729 4090 3571 3151 2728 2327 2028 1672 1403 1117
14
Station Wagon
490 433 433 432 428 426 417 394 368 360 356 346 349 339 318 Taxi
15
993 983 983 983 983 974 941 895 825 770 714 664 584 495 411 Jeep
16
3406 2775 2493 2315 2162 1784 1587 1396 1175 1021 930 825 671 515 333 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
119130 107166 96153 87343 78609 67287 57586 49437 42864 37145 32152 28854 24649 20121 16736
18
Scooters
TWO
30134 29995 29756 29443 29041 28635 28177 27485 26556 25415 23936 22431 19432 16093 13420 Mopeds
WHEELER
19
23909 22374 21498 19845 18503 17216 16113 15247 14617 13582 12508 11806 10678 8630 7213 Tractor
20
15508 15078 14351 13230 12414 11811 11300 10952 10550 10128 9623 9162 8210 6997 5945 Trailor
21
397 378 350 250 154 106 90 72 71 67 60 35 19 18 16 Other
22
216735 199962 184932 171029 157495 141485 127952 116174 106263 96829 87579 80740 70144 57781 48056 Total
23
1
Sr. No.
14
2
AMRELI Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
1670 1489 1340 1237 1107 1011 965 875 804 703 662 597 550 429 312 Truck/ Lorries
5
40 36 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 33 33 30 30 26 18 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
5962 5670 5357 4984 4656 4366 4216 3930 3700 3602 3362 3156 1843 1447 1133 6
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
1140 950 813 704 591 482 390 330 304 293 260 251 965 929 899 Other LGVs
8
744 670 659 645 609 557 533 533 409 355 344 329 300 252 233 Buses
9
213 182 163 128 87 77 62 21 15 12 11 6 1 1 1 Maxi
41 39 28 24 23 23 23 7 7 7 3 3 1 0 0 School Buses

10
Private Service
23 22 18 14 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3
11
Vehicles
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 Police Van
12
33 31 27 27 27 27 27 27 20 20 18 16 15 14 9 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
5852 4949 4458 4008 3533 2944 2539 2189 1892 1623 1424 1167 946 802 670
14
Station Wagon
246 208 189 179 171 163 159 147 117 110 100 90 84 74 68 Taxi
15
695 695 695 692 678 661 626 597 571 556 532 490 442 370 298 Jeep
16
855 849 841 818 724 628 556 515 469 452 415 380 296 251 214 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
88961 78614 70139 62923 55343 49842 44485 36891 31333 26793 23044 20675 17348 14100 12182
18
Scooters
TWO
25531 23632 22818 22292 21621 19916 18991 18282 17652 16856 15903 14424 12248 10465 9228 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
8573 7336 6434 5905 5494 5236 4996 4856 4733 4618 4367 4062 3546 2837 2199 Tractor
20
10486 9577 8653 7815 7094 6718 6419 6126 5979 5818 5565 5195 4618 3908 3116 Trailor
21
145 145 145 131 107 92 81 77 74 62 56 29 24 22 13 Other
22
151212 135096 122814 112563 101907 92785 85110 75444 68118 61917 56103 50904 43261 35931 30597 Total
23
Page 158
1
Sr. No.
15
2
VALSAD Office
Page 159
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
9049 8347 7881 7437 6705 5805 5240 4849 4616 4550 4526 4381 4112 3901 3725 Truck/ Lorries
5
409 401 391 396 389 406 401 405 408 391 381 364 333 324 304 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
7305 7023 6790 6614 6244 5391 4642 3800 3152 2825 2511 2203 1137 796 353
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
13738 12738 11949 11184 10440 10027 9599 9300 9070 8847 8721 8481 8707 8335 7779 Other LGVs
8
115 114 109 109 95 72 66 68 59 132 133 134 110 104 103 Buses
9
224 185 163 143 123 109 86 55 18 11 8 6 5 3 0 Maxi
151 124 109 97 86 64 54 40 28 25 19 15 12 12 11 School Buses
10
Private Service
140 129 124 120 115 110 107 102 105 104 104 99 98 95 95
11
Vehicles
41 40 37 37 37 37 36 36 34 34 32 30 26 26 20 Police Van
12
157 145 139 135 130 128 117 117 115 112 109 103 94 71 64 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
48123 42543 38767 35742 32617 29786 27414 25554 23878 22542 21649 20504 18278 16977 15841
14
Station Wagon
5633 5626 5609 5600 5576 5561 5559 5533 5480 5409 5380 5298 5158 5299 5523 Taxi
15
7300 7090 6880 6541 6131 5760 5363 4987 4690 4505 4405 4295 3958 3649 3267 Jeep
16
30083 28263 26551 24974 23574 22150 20822 19336 17997 16793 15804 15034 13858 12517 11049 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
319765 298036 280552 265829 248652 224403 204566 186582 172381 160486 150704 143058 129144 116153 105119
18
Scooters
TWO
85766 80650 77022 73180 69312 67893 66468 65014 63320 61336 59467 57514 52252 48068 44210 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
7827 7555 7387 7109 6817 6497 6347 6253 6201 6141 6085 5994 5800 5631 5407 Tractor
20
5938 5803 5699 5553 5343 5126 5004 4933 4854 4760 4684 4583 4399 4202 4023 Trailor
21
1537 1391 1300 1221 1096 866 668 563 471 372 327 260 212 184 148 Other
22
543301 506203 477459 452021 423482 390191 362559 337527 316877 299375 285049 272356 247693 226347 207041 Total
23
1
Sr. No.
16
2
BHARUCH Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
8720 7959 7613 7328 6655 6111 5595 5371 5181 5040 4936 4673 4441 4253 3901 Truck/ Lorries
5
722 703 669 646 606 545 345 199 176 172 168 161 147 117 112 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
6178 5439 4769 4462 4161 3746 3138 2714 2638 1897 1818 1740 1558 1324 1143
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
5383 5102 4940 4758 4435 3949 3316 2837 2288 2596 2348 2150 2047 1921 1783 7
8 Other LGVs
554 505 461 445 414 389 371 317 309 295 284 278 260 241 231 Buses
9
2225 1967 1776 1665 1515 1166 924 823 681 628 495 434 374 293 95 Maxi
21 18 18 17 14 13 7 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 School Buses

10
Private Service
296 284 262 250 243 233 231 187 187 187 186 185 179 176 168
11
Vehicles
32 28 19 19 19 19 19 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 Police Van
12
130 124 113 106 96 93 92 88 80 77 75 75 67 62 62 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
40981 36306 32969 30521 27731 24907 18711 16721 14875 13279 11849 10507 8826 7877 6571
14
Station Wagon
2411 2020 1943 1856 1778 1689 1628 1565 1444 1340 1298 1273 1206 1073 919 Taxi
15
4492 3654 2956 2792 2583 2462 2460 2359 2293 2251 2193 2117 1958 1789 1624 Jeep
16
19392 17951 16451 15082 13626 12043 11162 10882 10503 10248 10004 9633 8867 7889 6978 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
219153 205326 194147 183918 170561 155385 135189 123180 109785 97382 87894 78797 67264 58102 50049
18
Scooters
TWO
57894 51066 46012 43985 42084 39011 33079 28759 27418 26484 24927 23200 20278 17618 16127 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
11885 10899 10212 9717 9083 8289 7713 7341 7082 6677 6339 5929 5333 4678 4050 Tractor
20
6108 5714 5374 5157 4906 4558 4359 4251 4141 3971 3776 3487 3133 2832 2523 Trailor
21
1847 1502 1111 805 592 498 420 373 310 271 244 235 219 202 178 Other
22
388424 356567 331815 313529 291102 265106 228759 207985 189409 172813 158851 144891 126173 110463 96530 Total
23
Page 160
1
Sr. No.
17
2
GODHRA Office
Page 161
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
3561 3417 3369 3297 3190 3135 3134 3121 3154 3164 4276 4247 4180 4071 3619 Truck/ Lorries
5
183 183 178 143 134 126 122 114 114 109 129 117 108 100 58 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
3513 3269 3031 2733 2456 2016 1583 1326 1164 1030 1105 1011 911 774 646
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
4284 3744 3411 3128 2790 2714 2598 2456 2379 2313 3117 3026 2870 2703 2448 Other LGVs
8
379 379 364 367 375 378 357 343 331 308 429 412 368 330 308 Buses
9
1213 904 492 322 267 167 122 96 37 37 34 22 17 6 0 Maxi
63 50 39 30 22 8 5 3 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 School Buses

10
Private Service
140 140 138 134 133 131 127 137 136 136 140 139 136 124 121
11
Vehicles
89 89 59 59 59 59 56 52 44 47 51 49 41 41 35 Police Van
12
88 83 78 75 72 67 58 55 54 48 46 45 45 45 43 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
10317 9002 7981 7248 6470 5597 4837 4257 3898 3536 4089 3678 3240 2987 2618
14
Station Wagon
458 448 425 411 416 415 401 395 392 379 432 433 432 396 386 Taxi
15
5255 5003 4810 4731 4575 4462 4289 4076 3892 3641 4556 4226 3695 3159 2758 Jeep
16
12196 11038 10486 9857 9349 8863 7665 7179 6794 6424 7360 6987 6362 5432 4688 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
133668 120716 109768 101127 91938 79930 71205 63079 56497 49902 54306 49533 44225 39806 36199
18
Scooters
TWO
20180 19625 18773 18406 18068 17698 17211 16623 15845 15027 20006 18801 17097 15683 14690 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
10998 10167 9517 8665 7360 6179 5269 4808 4618 4311 5043 4787 4376 3947 3423 Tractor
20
8196 7763 7353 6874 5856 4999 4381 4048 3900 3675 4404 4180 3824 3424 3013 Trailor
21
323 322 303 286 245 230 212 161 143 125 128 82 68 58 53 Other
22
215104 196342 180575 167893 153775 137174 123632 112329 103393 94213 109652 101775 91995 83086 75106 Total
23
1
Sr. No.
18
2
GANDHINAGAR Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
2011
4
8160 6911 6284 5649 4600 3528 2812 2332 1872 1493 1136 913 671 515 318 Truck/ Lorries
5
1402 1313 1094 910 529 343 255 243 191 163 138 127 74 66 60 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
6972 5912 5165 4585 3815 2668 1966 1353 1094 912 698 528 400 322 225
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
5032 4798 4630 4381 3682 2467 1638 1445 1170 941 815 687 631 565 452 Other LGVs
8
9451 9292 9213 9133 9004 8853 8754 8643 8540 8480 8168 7006 4195 3044 1881 Buses
9
2703 2451 2324 2169 1487 974 640 340 163 102 65 46 34 11 4 Maxi
277 247 221 182 110 62 40 23 12 11 2 0 0 0 0 School Buses
10
Private Service
230 230 226 166 56 56 56 56 52 52 52 52 52 52 42
11
Vehicles

71 68 68 53 44 42 42 24 11 11 3 3 3 3 3 Police Van
12
1249 1212 1065 818 765 753 753 742 621 529 480 382 107 57 7 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
48502 41196 36016 32643 28463 23529 18756 14865 12240 9738 7551 5843 4379 3416 2471
14
Station Wagon
2843 2438 2249 2062 1794 1489 1117 858 729 561 424 338 301 251 221 Taxi
15
5422 5235 5112 5068 4962 4833 4666 4226 3494 3025 2581 2206 1840 1362 937 Jeep
16
11511 9443 7993 6855 5366 3651 2869 2586 2304 2066 1920 1662 1455 1157 886 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
193241 173500 159083 145170 127480 107483 89542 70965 57524 47267 39355 32527 26591 21117 16682
18
Scooters
TWO
24394 24136 23932 23806 23277 21989 21442 20143 18650 16757 14865 13087 11462 9591 7887 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
9419 8178 7345 6433 5617 4868 4104 3505 3038 2440 1842 1388 1209 1003 775 Tractor
20
4195 3571 3205 2851 2512 2120 1784 1599 1415 1227 1010 734 630 523 410 Trailor
21
1674 1332 1189 1002 721 509 358 277 232 193 161 149 141 120 91 Other
22
336748 301463 276414 253936 224284 190217 161594 134225 113352 95968 81266 67678 54175 43175 33352 Total
23
Page 162

1
Sr. No.
19
2
BARDOLI Office
Page 163
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
3785 3510 3236 3009 2510 1869 1435 1168 904 752 663 537 438 325 149 Truck/ Lorries
5
140 135 133 125 125 108 88 78 69 67 53 52 50 32 17 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
1087 1015 928 894 813 698 584 471 423 388 340 320 197 104 0
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
2390 2163 1875 1692 1437 1109 812 622 483 403 363 259 238 203 138 Other LGVs
8
227 208 199 183 161 148 129 112 99 86 66 55 41 29 9 Buses
9
222 206 184 183 173 153 115 73 32 18 21 8 8 2 0 Maxi
110 92 85 58 48 32 10 10 9 8 5 4 3 2 0 School Buses

10
Private Service
38 30 20 17 17 15 15 15 15 14 9 9 9 4 2
11
Vehicles
16 15 8 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 0 Police Van

12
56 51 43 39 37 33 32 25 22 19 13 11 11 5 2 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
14608 13201 11692 10495 9170 7473 6027 4994 4278 3753 3242 2577 1770 1277 695
14
Station Wagon
221 200 184 166 154 142 131 123 117 107 78 59 42 32 18 Taxi
15
2718 2593 2381 2201 2022 1829 1661 1462 1311 1188 1099 979 780 577 333 Jeep
16
2688 2306 2031 1763 1543 1313 1146 995 866 768 714 624 448 238 77 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
119464 112751 103616 96309 86896 73723 62484 52689 45378 38448 32402 26427 18591 11320 5366
18
Scooters
TWO
10996 10914 10780 10660 10428 10124 9490 8917 8374 7855 7071 5614 3983 2471 1175 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
5389 5146 4678 4302 3791 2981 2346 2064 1898 1726 1480 1214 945 641 342 Tractor
20
3926 3682 3385 3097 2627 2092 1718 1505 1359 1234 1064 824 628 429 217 Trailor
21
416 348 308 278 186 150 109 79 59 47 43 40 33 16 9 Other
22
168497 158566 145766 135474 122141 103995 88335 75405 65699 56884 48728 39615 28217 17709 8549 Total
23
1
Sr. No.
20
2
DAHOD Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
1709 1656 1632 1624 1596 1464 1416 1384 1307 1270 171 163 143 133 80 Truck/ Lorries
5
35 33 33 32 32 32 31 31 32 32 7 7 6 5 1 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
2264 2035 1811 1664 1431 1119 743 515 448 397 201 174 129 82 51
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
2183 1810 1606 1496 1376 1290 1220 1180 1144 1135 275 257 229 171 89 Other LGVs
8
242 234 230 230 230 228 211 191 177 175 59 64 53 29 11 Buses
9
462 307 215 173 127 60 23 19 12 11 2 3 0 0 0 Maxi
3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 School Buses
10
Private Service
9 8 8 8 6 7 6 6 6 6 2 0 0 0 0
11
Vehicles
24 23 18 18 18 18 17 16 14 14 0 0 0 0 0 Police Van
12
33 32 30 30 30 27 26 23 22 20 11 9 7 5 1 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
4326 3805 3371 3072 2791 2494 2237 2043 1880 1760 699 561 396 258 146
14
Station Wagon
130 128 128 131 130 127 127 128 132 133 21 20 19 12 4 Taxi
15
3447 3288 3150 3038 2908 2750 2624 2494 2357 2256 1054 925 753 520 299 Jeep
16
3598 3387 3289 3165 2952 2676 2439 2234 2131 2022 841 759 622 418 179 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
80094 69487 61196 54472 47880 40803 36170 31766 28237 24786 11733 9263 6187 3918 2119
18
Scooters
TWO
14074 13726 12998 12507 12068 11653 11501 11303 11024 10619 4135 3254 2198 1392 690 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
5629 5215 4918 4484 3838 3135 2711 2418 2335 2176 1105 1007 794 546 295 Tractor
20
4747 4517 4332 4050 3483 2851 2491 2279 2217 2082 1056 935 733 492 259 Trailor
21
156 127 114 89 72 58 44 39 37 34 12 9 4 4 3 Other
22
123165 109822 99083 90286 80971 70795 64040 58072 53515 48931 21386 17411 12274 7986 4228 Total
23
Page 164
1
Sr. No.
21
2
NAVSARI Office
Page 165
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
1545 945 673 564 353 220 148 151 97 68 45 0 0 0 0 Truck/ Lorries
5
73 60 46 38 34 30 27 21 13 7 2 0 0 0 0 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
3284 3165 3035 2737 2248 1708 1265 848 516 318 159 0 0 0 0
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
4081 3224 2512 2122 1776 1320 892 567 375 267 223 0 0 0 0 Other LGVs
8
118 111 106 106 101 100 83 75 59 34 10 0 0 0 0 Buses
9
317 283 247 229 211 199 142 68 18 9 6 0 0 0 0 Maxi
18 13 13 10 8 4 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 School Buses

10
Private Service
12 11 9 7 5 4 4 3 2 2 1 0 0 0 0
11
Vehicles
13 13 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 2 0 0 0 0 Police Van

12
60 58 52 46 41 29 21 17 15 7 4 0 0 0 0 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
19739 15879 13267 11082 8850 6804 4822 3378 2140 1487 778 0 0 0 0
14
Station Wagon
331 289 246 242 196 181 163 154 136 93 48 0 0 0 0 Taxi
15
775 761 757 749 744 644 580 517 492 325 167 0 0 0 0 Jeep
16
3120 2669 2192 1830 1576 1310 1018 651 365 205 133 0 0 0 0 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
129840 116591 105157 93382 78873 61485 45123 31483 21271 12853 5933 0 0 0 0
18
Scooters
TWO
19844 15551 11400 10449 10210 9741 8925 7866 6746 4499 2315 0 0 0 0 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
2006 1690 1506 1266 978 647 370 235 180 132 92 0 0 0 0 Tractor
20
1492 1343 1248 1120 919 691 542 436 313 210 129 0 0 0 0 Trailor
21
572 541 496 460 431 348 259 199 122 90 20 0 0 0 0 Other
22
187240 163197 142967 126444 107559 85470 64389 46674 32865 20611 10067 0 0 0 0 Total
23
1
Sr. No.
22
2
PATAN Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
Year
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
4
1269 1165 1080 1026 930 816 679 561 423 216 92 12 0 0 0 Truck/ Lorries
5
58 56 48 41 35 33 29 21 12 7 5 2 0 0 0 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
2087 1893 1713 1503 1254 921 656 432 344 215 113 32 0 0 0 6 LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
1331 1104 925 724 573 436 311 175 98 68 24 3 0 0 0 Other LGVs
8
103 102 101 97 91 85 60 49 20 10 5 2 0 0 0 Buses
9
521 448 397 344 295 194 141 55 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Maxi
15 6 4 4 3 2 2 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 School Buses
10
Private Service
5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 0 0 0 0
11
Vehicles

9 9 9 9 9 8 8 7 7 7 3 0 0 0 0 Police Van
12
22 17 17 13 13 12 12 10 9 7 4 0 0 0 0 Ambulance

13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
6694 5377 4473 3876 3275 2659 2128 1641 1256 825 469 85 0 0 0
14
Station Wagon
148 134 126 119 110 108 91 83 67 35 14 0 0 0 0 Taxi
15
1092 908 839 791 738 712 671 587 465 331 166 40 0 0 0 Jeep
16
1458 1066 812 734 689 631 507 404 297 201 153 29 0 0 0 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
56436 46631 39240 32765 27203 21203 16300 11009 7407 4282 2096 463 0 0 0
18
Scooters
TWO
2148 2148 2148 2098 2005 1855 1716 1530 1227 851 520 107 0 0 0 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
7389 6561 5885 5189 4498 3609 2942 2310 2005 1333 701 92 0 0 0 Tractor
20
3663 3283 2863 2572 2278 1743 1325 1092 939 699 411 74 0 0 0 Trailor
21
196 165 145 131 115 107 106 93 61 33 15 0 0 0 0 Other
22
84644 71077 60829 52040 44118 35138 27688 20065 14644 9125 4793 941 0 0 0 Total
23
Page 166
1
Sr. No.
23
2
PORBANDER Office
Page 167
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
2146 1824 1710 1585 1357 934 737 539 401 160 75 24 0 0 0 Truck/ Lorries
5
7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
1387 1216 1066 919 764 651 566 352 185 185 134 50 0 0 0
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
499 499 499 497 439 373 339 334 334 165 2 2 0 0 0 Other LGVs
8
38 29 25 20 9 9 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Buses

9
50 28 25 11 11 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maxi
14 14 14 14 14 12 9 5 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 School Buses

10
Private Service
4 4 4 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11
Vehicles
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Police Van
12
14 12 10 10 9 6 5 5 4 2 2 0 0 0 0 Ambulance

13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
4204 3520 3065 2634 2156 1723 1310 987 767 555 318 63 0 0 0
14
Station Wagon
107 101 98 89 60 52 38 31 10 9 2 1 0 0 0 Taxi
15
37 37 33 33 33 33 28 17 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 Jeep

16
1132 1023 932 857 775 691 594 507 332 254 175 59 0 0 0 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
39847 34440 29632 25087 20895 17126 13710 9640 6840 4267 1735 413 0 0 0
18
Scooters
TWO
9747 7952 6831 6080 5350 4816 4054 3412 2819 1945 838 155 0 0 0 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
2249 1833 1382 1026 781 583 433 341 279 170 114 45 0 0 0 Tractor
20
1668 1396 1064 778 611 511 423 344 303 186 120 36 0 0 0 Trailor
21
218 210 195 195 167 136 94 82 68 67 52 31 0 0 0 Other
22
63372 54149 46596 39850 33436 27665 22348 16599 12348 7969 3567 879 0 0 0 Total
23
1
Sr. No.
24
2
RAJPIPLA Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
161 129 114 99 64 51 36 27 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 Truck/ Lorries
5
18 10 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
297 261 232 210 165 102 48 21 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
370 332 318 292 263 191 123 53 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other LGVs
8
148 149 123 120 130 107 39 17 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 Buses
9
108 73 61 51 43 34 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maxi
12 7 7 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 School Buses
10
Private Service
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11
Vehicles
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Police Van
12
6 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
1427 1173 1017 883 691 491 328 234 112 0 0 0 0 0 0
14
Station Wagon
18 14 10 9 7 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Taxi

15
357 269 215 177 143 110 55 22 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jeep

16
496 402 349 323 226 119 64 18 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Auto Rickshaw

17
Motor Cycle/
18281 15310 13536 12333 10202 6911 4279 2368 919 0 0 0 0 0 0
18
Scooters
TWO
2138 1789 1399 1199 862 580 286 136 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
1129 923 800 685 480 262 145 70 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tractor
20
611 511 441 383 275 128 75 41 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 Trailor
21
40 37 28 15 13 6 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other

22
25619 21397 18653 16790 13570 9099 5500 3014 1151 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total
23
Page 168
1
Sr. No.
25
2
ANAND Office
Page 169
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
1051 762 651 563 430 269 165 94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Truck/ Lorries
5
79 57 40 25 16 10 8 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
4652 4147 3728 3298 2743 1967 1146 392 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
3244 2562 1915 1506 1058 652 414 178 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other LGVs

8
109 106 88 79 61 32 20 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Buses

9
309 249 217 197 158 112 68 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maxi
97 83 71 48 34 22 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 School Buses

10
Private Service
13 11 8 6 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11
Vehicles
43 27 24 7 7 7 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Police Van

12
28 27 23 23 21 11 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ambulance

13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
21074 16495 13078 10708 8119 5568 3482 1582 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14
Station Wagon
145 130 123 110 100 60 48 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Taxi

15
2689 2282 1884 1560 1294 1047 787 361 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jeep

16
15092 11458 8450 5996 4976 4239 3125 1583 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Auto Rickshaw

17
Motor Cycle/
127851 103421 84369 69793 55871 39831 24500 10261 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18
Scooters
TWO
8733 7489 6330 5036 4270 3532 2610 1360 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mopeds

19
WHEELER
10242 8581 7119 5892 4370 2803 1620 633 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tractor

20
3811 3105 2472 2055 1477 826 433 183 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Trailor

21
253 210 185 171 97 68 38 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other

22
199515 161202 130775 107073 85106 61059 38478 16725 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total

23
1
Sr. No.
26
2
VYARA Office
2010‐ 2009‐ 2008‐ 2007‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
Year
4
241 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Truck/ Lorries
5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tanker
Annexure IV
Three Wheeler
6
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other LGVs
8
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Buses
9
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maxi
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 School Buses
10
Private Service
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11
Vehicles
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Police Van
12
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
621 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14
Station Wagon
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Taxi
15
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jeep
16
23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
5904 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18
Scooters
TWO
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mopeds
19
WHEELER
261 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tractor
20
68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Trailor
21
17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other
22

7157 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total
23
Page 170
1
Sr. No.
GUJARAT
2
Office
Page 171
2009‐ 2006‐ 2005‐ 2004‐ 2003‐ 2002‐ 2001‐ 2000‐ 1999‐ 1998‐ 1997‐ 1996‐
3
2010‐2011 2008‐2009 2007‐2008 Year
2010 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
4
248423 232689 222808 215457 200705 183185 171026 163393 156283 150875 147326 143722 138529 133353 123397 Truck/ Lorries
5
27867 26542 24964 23947 22317 21177 20133 18961 17779 16977 16202 15272 14279 13655 12738 Tanker
Annexure IV
6 Three Wheeler
241441 222055 205523 190621 172828 150616 132537 116050 106620 93328 86295 80753 37554 26722 16383
LGVs
GOODS VEHICLES
7
161073 145058 133303 123767 113030 102724 95115 88286 81890 84298 81088 77404 105500 100949 95929 Other LGVs
8
48536 47019 46155 45175 44047 43060 41679 40465 39256 38625 38381 36971 33449 31513 29749 Buses
9
25388 21640 18596 15878 12423 8898 6292 4035 2338 1986 1705 1525 1275 965 254 Maxi
3230 2867 2485 2116 1772 1441 1048 811 659 595 513 457 416 383 349 School Buses
10
Private Service
5231 5042 4901 4672 4380 4199 4035 3912 3838 3795 3756 3695 3607 3465 3305
11
Vehicles
2222 2176 2066 1999 1984 1957 1918 1826 1766 1746 1638 1594 1559 1547 1420 Police Van
12
5389 5095 4712 4251 4015 3789 3606 3454 3166 2934 2756 2539 2142 1993 1838 Ambulance
13
PASSENGER VEHICLES
Motor Cars &
1218030 1057383 952400 869808 784686 703968 632154 572414 522166 478226 438058 398028 351009 320912 285904
14
Station Wagon
49124 46100 44319 42534 40814 39016 37422 36065 34579 33217 32348 31759 31420 30473 29614 Taxi
15
160800 152985 141565 135014 128247 122864 117809 110943 104263 99116 94117 89087 81660 74284 66368 Jeep
16
511270 464862 426616 396828 371792 336695 296758 276908 258375 243307 234726 223908 206473 184460 164272 Auto Rickshaw
17
Motor Cycle/
7714893 6991896 6435582 5972573 5450008 4849816 4303544 3781788 3377461 3039755 2763779 2545415 2268581 2018723 1808336
18
Scooters
TWO
1792663 1725085 1651834 1606884 1553852 1502293 1440809 1380379 1325068 1266248 1201090 1128243 1023323 919102 831395
WHEELER
Mopeds
19
442737 410516 386951 362799 336986 311385 290219 275543 267113 254583 242158 230050 212432 190192 170382 Tractor
20
294885 278921 263807 248751 232509 217790 206498 199603 194501 188176 180950 172504 159855 144734 130019 Trailor
21
39933 34642 30064 25982 20942 17417 14670 12704 11249 10182 9154 7806 6730 6048 5321 Other
22
12993135 11872573 10998651 10289056 9497337 8622290 7817272 7087540 6508370 6007969 5576040 5190732 4679793 4203473 3776973 Total
23

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Contents

12 Table 1.12: Mining activities and potential sources of air pollution 20

13 Table 1.13: District wise Distribution of Mining Area in Gujarat 21

14 Table 1.14: Growth of Vehicular Population in Gujarat over decades 23

15 Table 1.15: Distribution of Vehicles in Various RTOs of Gujarat 26

17 Table 1.17: Vehicular Growth and Fuel Consumption 35

18 Table 1.18: Percentage Usage of Fuel at Household Level 38

11 Table 2.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations for VOCs in Gujarat 59

12 Table 2.12: Noise Standards 63

13 Table 2.13: Noise Monitoring During The Navratri Festival 64

14 Table 2.14: Noise Monitoring During the Diwali Festival 65

15 Table 2.15: District wise Contribution to Population and Vehicles of Gujarat 67

16 Table 2.16: Ranking of Districts 69

10 Table: 4.10: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Gujarat 93

11 Table 4.11: CNG/LPG Vehicles in Ahmedabad 94

12 Table 4.12: Industries having Natural Gas Connection 95

Fig A: Performance of Gujarat in ESI (2008)

Source: Center for Development Finance, IFMR, Chennai

Another study titled ‘Comprehensive Environmental Assessment of Industrial Clusters’

Fig B: PSIR Framework

1.1 Air Pollutants

Table 1.1: Air Pollutants & their Sources of Generation

Air Pollutant Typical Sources

Mines and quarries, pottery and ceramics, power stations, cement

Power houses, sulphuric acid plants, petroleum industry, oil

Nitrogen dioxide Acid manufacture, automobile exhaust, explosive industry

Carbon monoxide Fuel gases, automobile exhaust, mines, blast furnaces

Hydro carbons Vehicles, fossil fuel burning

PAHs Vehicles, fossil fuel burning

1.2 Pressures on Air Quality

1.2.1 Meteorological & Climatic Conditions

Another important contributing factor is ambient temperature. Low temperatures during

Table 1.2: Climatic Regions of Gujarat

Region Districts Climate Rainfall (mm) Soil

Semi arid dry Deep black and

Southern Semi arid dry Deep black and

North Amreli, Medium Black

Source:GEC Report 2007

Fig 1.1: Climate in Gujarat Fig 1.2: Soil Map of Gujarat

Source: SOE 2005 Source: SOE 2005

Table 1.3: Climate in Gujarat

Sr. No. Criteria Details

1. Summer Temperature Day: 32 – 43 ºC, Night: 27 to 32 ºC.

2. Winter Temperature Day: 10 – 25 ºC Night: 4 – 10 ºC

4. Annual Precipitation 500 – 1300 mm

Strong winds during monsoons from the south-

Fig 1.3: Physiography in Gujarat Fig 1.4: Rainfall in Gujarat

Source: SOE 2005

1.2.2 Population Growth & Urbanisation

Gujarat has witnessed a decent growth in its population

Table 1.4: Increase in Number of Towns in Gujarat

Sr. No. Level 2001 2011 Variation

Population characteristics of Gujarat highlight that three districts of Ahmedabad, Surat

Table1.5: Population Characteristics in Gujarat 2011

Table 1.6: Cities Having Population 1 lac & Above

Sr. No. Dist Code City Population

1.2.3 Urban Heat Islands

The air temperatures in densely built urban

Gujarat has continued to witness impressive