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    Answers To Exam-Style Questions: 8 Deforming Solids

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    ANONYMOUS MOOSE

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    Answers To Exam-Style Questions: 8 Deforming Solids

    Uploaded by

    ANONYMOUS MOOSE
    167 views2 pages

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    EXQ_08

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    Answers To Exam-Style Questions: 8 Deforming Solids

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    ANONYMOUS MOOSE

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    Answers to Exam-style questions

    8 Deforming solids
    1 a i Q is copper. [1] 3 a Tensile [1]
    Copper undergoes plastic deformation Railway line expands on heating,
    (large strains for a given stress). [1] reducing stress. [1]
    R is glass. [1] or
    Copper is stiffer or glass does not show Railway line becomes unstressed when line
    plastic deformation. [1] expands with temperature and stresses are
    ii P is strongest. [1] less at higher temperatures. [1]
    5
    P has the largest stress (before breaking). [1] b i stress = F = 2.6 ×10−3 = 5.2 × 107 [1]
    iii P has greatest Young modulus. [1] A 5.0 ×10
    P has steepest gradient or largest value 7
    strain = stress = 5.2 ×1011 [1]
    of stress/strain. [1] E 2.1×10
    b Labelled diagram showing wire and strain = 2.48 × 10−4 ≈ 2.5 × 10−4 [1]
    weights used to stretch wire [1] −4
    Method of viewing extension, e.g. ii temperature rise = 2.48 ×10−5 [1]
    1.4 ×10
    travelling microscope and marker [1]
    temperature rise = 17.7 ≈ 18 °C [1]
    Series of weights and extensions noted [1]
    Diameter of wire measured [1] 4 a E = gradient of the graph [1]
    Initial length of wire measured to ‘marker’ [1] 9
    E = 1.2 ×10−3 [1]
    Graph drawn of force (y-axis) against 8.0 ×10
    extension (x-axis) [1] E = 1.5 × 1011 Pa [1]
    Young modulus E = FL = gradient b From the graph, strain = 4.0 × 10−3 when
    Ax stress is 0.6 GPa [1]
    length
    of force–extension graph × [1] strain = x
    area L
    2 a Tensile stress is the ratio of the force to x = 4.0 × 10−3 × 3.5 = 1.4 × 10−2 m (1.4 cm) [1]
    cross-sectional area in a wire. [1] breaking force
    c breaking stress = [1]
    Tensile strain is the ratio of extension to cross-sectional area
    initial length. [1] breaking force
    b i stress = 60 [1] = 1.52 × 109 × [π × (0.42 × 10−3)2] [1]
    1.3 ×10− 6 breaking force = 842 ≈ 840 N [1]
    = 4.62 × 107 ≈ 4.6 × 107 Pa [1] d At 0.6 GPa, force
    7 = 0.6 × 109 × [π × (0.42 × 10−3)2] = 333 N [1]
    ii strain = stress = 4.62 ×1011 [1]
    E 2.1×10 Energy stored = 12 Fx = 12 × 333 × 1.4 × 10−2 [1]
    strain = 2.2 × 10−4 [1] energy stored = 2.33 ≈ 2.3 J [1]
    iii extension = strain × original length
    = 2.2 × 10−4 × 1.6 [1]
    extension = 3.52 × 10−4 ≈ 3.5 × 10−4 m [1]

    AS and A Level Physics © Cambridge University Press Chapter 8: Answers to Exam-style questions 1
    5 a i The spring constant or the stiffness of
    the spring [1]
    ii The energy stored in the spring [1]
    b i energy stored = 12 kx2 = 12 × 80 × 0.062 [1]
    energy stored = 0.144 ≈ 0.14 J [1]
    ii The law of conservation of momentum
    must be obeyed. [1]
    The momentum of each trolley must be
    equal (but opposite) and as momentum
    = mv and the masses are equal then speeds
    must be the same. [1]
    1 2
    iii 2 × ( 2 mv ) = 0.144 [1]
    v = 0.60 m s−1 [1]

    2 AS and A Level Physics © Cambridge University Press Chapter 8: Answers to Exam-style questions

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