Thesis Proposal

Summary: As the world's population grows, disposing of solid trash has become
a serious issue in our daily lives. One of the primary environmental challenges is
solid waste management. Plastic is the waste material that causes the greatest
concern for most environmental repercussions. Plastic is categorized into
numerous categories based on its physical properties. Plastic garbage must be
recycled or repurposed because it is non-biodegradable. The goal of this research
is to investigate the behavior of concrete formed from recycled plastic
components, as well as some of the physical properties that are associated to it.
Usually, M20 grade of the concrete is the most used in the constructional works,
hence in this study M20 cement concrete is considered in which the recycled
plastic waste is used as the replacement of fine aggregate in the concrete.
Concrete cube and beam were casted taking 10% to 25% of plastic as partial
replacement of fine aggregate and tested for 28 days of compressive strength and
flexural strength of concrete.
Introduction: Since the beginning of the twentieth century, plastic has become
the most prevalent and necessary material, and modern life would be
incomprehensible without it. The disposal of waste plastic poses the greatest
environmental threat. To address the issues, plastic pavement will be a superior
option. Bituminous mixtures are the most extensively utilized flexible
construction materials all over the world. It is a robust and non-biodegradable
pavement; the chemical linkages in plastic make it durable and resistant to
natural deterioration. Thermoses and thermoplastics are the two major kinds of
plastic. 2,3. Because thermosets solidify irreversibly when heated, they have a
high level of durability and strength and can thus be employed largely in building
applications. Plastic is a non-degradable waste, causes greenhouse effect and
global warming. The various experiments have been carried out whether the
waste plastic can be reused productively. The various literature indicated that the
waste plastic when added to hot aggregates will form a fine coat of plastic over
the aggregate and such aggregates when mixed with binder is found to have
higher strength, higher resistance and better performance over a period. Along
with bitumen, use waste plastic increases its life and smoothness. It is economical
and eco-friendly. Addition of plastic waste in construction of pavements reduces
the plastic shrinkage and drying shrinkage. The use of waste plastic improves the
abrasion & slip resistance of asphalt pavement.
In today's conditions, due to rapid infrastructure development, road surfaces with
smooth bitumen can cause bleeding in hot climates, cracking in cold climates,
have lower load bearing capability, and can cause catastrophic damage due to
increasing axle load. When compared to ordinary pavement life (5-6 years) in
other countries, the useful life of bituminous overlays has reportedly decreased
by 7-8%, from an average of 5-6 years in the past to roughly 3-4 years now. The
utilization of trash in hot bituminous mixes is discussed in this study in order to
improve pavement performance, protect the environment, and provide low-cost
roads.
The insertion of selected thermoplastics and shredded plastic from discarded
trash, natural plastic, or any other acceptable elastomers in bitumen produces
polymer and plastic modified bitumen, frequently shortened as modified
bitumen. Titanium dioxide can be used to absorb the smoke from the
automobiles. It also improves the plastic's mechanical properties, resulting in
increased strength and resistance.
Objective:
➢ To determine optimum bitumen and plastic content.

➢ To determine the effects on mechanical and physical properties of a mix.
➢ To create the flexible pavement.

➢ To create the asphalt pavement with aggregate plastic-bitumen mix.
➢ To compare the results of changed and conventional mixtures.
Literature review:
Prof.C.E.G. Justo States that addition of 8.0 % by weight of processed plastic for
the preparation of modified bitumen results in a saving of 0.4 % bitumen by
weight of the mix or about 9.6 kg bitumen per cubic meter (m 3) of BC mix.
Modified Bitumen improves the stability or strength, life and other desirable
properties of bituminous concrete mix.
Dr. R. Vasudevan states that the polymer bitumen blend is a better binder
compared to plain bitumen. Blend has increased Softening point and decreased
Penetration value with a suitable ductility. When it used for road construction it
can withstand higher temperature and load. The coating of plastics reduces the
porosity, absorption of moisture and improves soundness.
According to V.S. Punith, (2001), Some encouraging results were reported in this
study that there is possibility to improve the performance of bituminous mixes of
road pavements. Waste plastics (polythene carry bags, etc.) on heating soften at
around 130°C. Thermo gravimetric analysis has shown that there is no gas
evolution in the temperature range of 130-180°C.
Sundaram & Rojasay (2008) studied the Effective blending technique for the use
of plastic waste into bitumen for road laying and Polymer-bitumen mixtures of
different compositions were prepared and used for carrying out various tests.
Verma S.S. (2008). concluded that Plastics will increase the melting point of the
bitumen. This technology not only strengthened the road construction but also
increased the road life.
Methodology: The main theme of this project is to utilize recycled materials to
produce concrete. As disposal of plastic waste is not possible easily, they create
adverse impact on environment. Reuse of plastic waste in concrete industry is
considered as the most feasible application. It decreases the pollution of the
environment and reduces the cost of materials. To adopt the methodology for any
work is the most important and difficult task. The methodology adopted in this
work is listed below.
➢conduct the standard test on aggregates.

➢To conduct the standard test for the properties of bitumen.
➢To determine the optimum binder content for Mix VG30 by Marshall
Stability method.
➢Mixing of shredded plastic by various percentages from 4% to 8% by weight

of bitumen.
➢To check the properties of waste plastic in bituminous concrete.

➢To find outflow and stability by conducting Marshall test on sample.
Expected Result:
➢ For the addition of polymer increases the hardness of the bitumen.

➢ Ductility will reduce by the addition of plastic waste to bitumen.
➢ Plastic will increase the melting point of bitumen.
➢ Flash and fire point will increase with the increase in the percentage
of polymer.
➢ the compressive strength and flexural strength value of concrete mix
can decrease with the addition of waste plastics.
Timeframe:
Activities Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
2021 2022 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22
Literature
Rivew
Topic selection
&
methodology
presentation
Proposal
preparation &
presentation
Material
collection
Experimental
work
Result
analysis
Journal
paper
writing
Paper review
Thesis
presentation
References:
1) Afroz Sultana. S. K. K. S. B. Prasad, (Utilization of Waste Plastic as a Strength

Modifier in Surface Course of Flexible and Rigid Pavements, July-Agust 2012) (
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), Vol. 2,
Issue 4, pp.1185 1191).
2) IRC:SP:98-2013, (Guidelines for the use of waste plastic in hot bituminous
mixes in )
3) A.Harini & (Ramana) use recycled plastic waste as partial replacement for fine
aggregate in concrete.
4) Tomas. U. Ganiron, “effect of thermoplastic as fine aggregate to concrete
mixture” international journal of science and technology, vol 62.
5) Zainab. Z. Ismail” use of waste plastic in concrete mixture aggregate
replacement” science direct waste management.
6) S. Vanitha & V. Natarajan” utilization of waste plastic as partial replacement of
fine aggregate in concrete blocks” Indian journal of science and technology.
Vol 8(12).
7) Pareek A, Gupta T. and Sharma R.K (2012), “Performance of polymer modified
bitumen for flexible pavements”, International journal of structure and Civil
engineering research, Vol.1, pp.1-10.
8) Dr. R. Vasudevam and S. Rajase Karan, (2007) “Utilization of Waste Plastic in
Construction of Flexible bituminous road” (International Journal of Engineering
Science and Technology, Vol. 4, pp. 2351-2355).
9) Ramit Thakur and Jaspreet Singh Study of Performance of Bituminous
Concrete With Addition of Coir/Coconut Fiber. International Journal of
Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 8(7), 2017, pp. 1793–1799
10) Tomas.U.Ganiron. “effect of thermoplastic as fine aggregate to concrete
mixture” international journal of science and technology, vol 62.

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Summary: As the world's population grows, disposing of solid trash has become

➢ To determine optimum bitumen and plastic content.

➢ To create the flexible pavement.

➢conduct the standard test on aggregates.

➢Mixing of shredded plastic by various percentages from 4% to 8% by weight

➢To check the properties of waste plastic in bituminous concrete.

➢ For the addition of polymer increases the hardness of the bitumen.

1) Afroz Sultana. S. K. K. S. B. Prasad, (Utilization of Waste Plastic as a Strength

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