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    I Chloro Methane

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    rrweq

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    I Chloro Methane

    Uploaded by

    rrweq
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    i Chloro Methane

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    16 views2 pages

    I Chloro Methane

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    rrweq

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    ichloromethane 

    (DCM or methylene chloride) is an organochloride compound with


    the formula CH2Cl2. This colorless, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like, sweet odour is widely used
    as a solvent. Although it is not miscible with water, it is polar, and miscible with many
    organic solvents.[11]

    Contents

     1Occurrence
     2Production
     3Uses
    o 3.1Hydrogen bonding
    o 3.2Specialized uses
     4Toxicity
    o 4.1Regulation
     5Environmental effects
    o 5.1Ozone
     6See also
     7References
     8External links

    Occurrence[edit]
    Natural sources of dichloromethane include oceanic sources, macroalgae, wetlands, and volcanoes.
    [12]
     However, the majority of dichloromethane in the environment is the result of industrial emissions.
    [12]

    Production[edit]
    DCM is produced by treating either chloromethane or methane with chlorine gas at 400–500 °C. At
    these temperatures, both methane and chloromethane undergo a series of reactions producing
    progressively more chlorinated products. In this way, an estimated 400,000 tons were produced in
    the US, Europe, and Japan in 1993.[11]
     + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl
    CH4

    CH3Cl + Cl2 → CH2Cl2 + HCl


    CH2Cl2 + Cl2 → CHCl3 + HCl
    CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl
    The output of these processes is a mixture of chloromethane,
    dichloromethane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride as well as hydrogen chloride
    as a byproduct. These compounds are separated by distillation.
    DCM was first prepared in 1839 by the French chemist Henri Victor
    Regnault (1810–1878), who isolated it from a mixture
    of chloromethane and chlorine that had been exposed to sunlight.[13]

    Uses[edit]
    DCM's volatility and ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds makes it
    a useful solvent for many chemical processes.[11] In the food industry, it is used
    to decaffeinate coffee and tea as well as to prepare extracts of hops and
    other flavourings.[14][15] Its volatility has led to its use as an aerosol spray
    propellant and as a blowing agent for polyurethane foams.

    Hydrogen bonding[edit]
    Methylene chloride is a Lewis acid that can hydrogen bond to electron donors. It is
    classified as a hard acid and is included in the ECW model. It is a solvent that has
    been used in many thermodynamic studies of donor-acceptor bonding. The donor
    hydrogen-bonding corrections of methylene chloride in these thermodynamic
    studies has been reported.[16][17]

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