Kinetic Theory of Gases
Kinetic Theory of Gases
Kinetic Theory of Gases
will be zero?
a. Kinetic energy b. Potential energy
c. Vibrational energy d. Density
17) The root mean square velocity, vrms , the average 25) The temperature of a gas is raised from 27 oC to
velocity vav and the most probable velocity, v mp of the 927oC. The root mean square speed is:
molecules of the gas are in the order. a. (927/27) times the earlier value
a. vmp > vav > vrms b. vrms > vav > vmp b. remains the same
c. vav > vmp > vrms d. vmp > vrms > vav c. gets halved
d. gets doubled
18) Under which of the following conditions is the
law PV = RT obeyed most closely by a real gas? 26) Two thermally insulated vessels 1 and 2 are filled
a. High pressure and high temperature with air at temperatures (T1, T2), volume (V1, V2) and
b. Low pressure and low temperature pressure (P1, P2) respectively. If the value joining the
c. Low pressure and high temperature two vessels is opened, the temperature inside the
d. High pressure and low temperature vessel at equilibrium will be:
a. T1 + T2 b. (T1 + T2)/2
19) Consider I cc sample of air at absolute c. d.
T1T2 (P1V1 + P2V2) T1T2 (P1V1 + P2V2)
temperature To at sea level and another 1 cc sample
P1V1 T2 + P2V2T1 P1V1 T1 + P2V2T2
of air at a height where pressure is one-third
atmosphere. The absolute temperature T of the 27) We have a jar A filled with gas characterized by
sample at the height is: parameters P, V and T and another jar B filled with
a. equal to (To/3) gas with parameters 2P, V/4 and 2T, when the
b. equal to (3/To) symbols have their usual meanings, The ratio of the
c. equal to To number of molecules of jar A to those of jar B is:
d. cannot be determined in terms of To from the a. 1 : 1 b. 1 : 2
above data c. 2 : 1 d. 4 ; 1
20) At constant volume, the temperature is increased. 28) For Boyle’s law of hold, the gas should be:
Then: a. perfect and of constant mass and temperature
a. collision on the walls will be less b. real and of constant mass and temperature
b. number of collisions per unit volume will increase c. perfect and at constant temperature but variable
c. collision will be in straight lines mass
d. collision will not change d. real and at constant temperature but variable mass
Here Po and Vo are constants. Change in temperature 43) Given is the graph between PV/T and P for I gm
of the gas when volume is changed from V = Vo to of oxygen gas at two different temperatures T 1 and T2
V = 2Vo is: (Given: density of oxygen = 1.429 kg/m 3). The value
of PV/T at the point A and the relation between T 1
2P V 11PoVo and T2 are respectively:
a. – o o b.
5R 10R Y
c. – d. PoVo
5PoVo
37) Pressure versus temperature graphs of an ideal
4R A Ideal
gas are as shown in fig. Choose the wrong statement.
P P P PV J T1
T K T2
X
P
T T T
(i) (ii) (iii) a. 0.256 JK1 and T1 < T2
b. 8.314 Jmol1 K1 and T1 > T2
a. Density of gas is increasing in graph (i) c. 0.256 JK1 and T1 > T2
d. 4.28 JK1 and T1 < T2 c. 75 K d. 123 K
44) Which of the following statements is true?
a. Internal energy of a gas depends only on the state Thermometry
of the gas.
b. In an isothermal process change in internal energy 51) On the Celsius scale the absolute zero of
is maximum temperature is at:
c. Area under pressure, volume graph equals heat a. 0oC b. – 32oC
supplied in any process o
c. 100 C d. –273.15oC
d. Work done is state dependent but not path
dependent. 52) Oxygen boils at – 183oC. This temperature is
approximately:
45) Pressure of an ideal gas is increased by keeping a. 215oF b. – 297oF
temperature constant. What is the effect on kinetic o
c. 40 C d. 60oC
energy of molecules?
a. Increase b. Decrease 53) The reading of centigrade thermometer coincides
c. No change d. Cannot be determined with that of Fahrenheit thermometer is a liquid. The
temperature of the liquid is:
46) When temperature of an ideal gas is increased a. – 40oC b. 0oC
from 27oC to 227oC, its rms speed is changed from o
c. 100 C d. 300oC
400 m/s to vs . The vs is:
a. 516 m/s b. 450 m/s 54) A centigrade and a Fehrenheit thermometer are
c. 310 m/s d. 746 m/s dipped in boiling water. The water temperature is
lowered until the Fehrenheit thermometer registers
47) The fig., below shows the plot of PV/nT versus P 140o . What is the fall in temperature as registered by
for oxygen gas at two different temperatures. Read the Centigrade thermometer:
the following statements concerning the above a. 30o b. 40o
curves: c. 60 o
d. 80o
T1
T2 55) Mercury thermometers can be used to measure
PV (J. mol1K1)
temperatures upto:
a. 100oC b. 212oC
o
c. 360 C d. 500oC
nT
60) A temperature degree on the Kelvin scale is the 70) The temperature on Celsius scale is 25 oC. What is
same as: the corresponding temperature on the Fahrenheit
a. a temperature degree on the Celsius scale scale?
b. a temperature degree on Fahrenheit scale a. 40oF b. 77oF
o
c. a temperature degree on Reaumur scale c. 50 F d. 45oF
d. none of these
71) Which of the following statements is true for a
61) A constant volume gas thermometer shows thermometer?
pressure reading of 50 cm and 90 cm of mercury at a. Coefficient of cubical expansion of liquid must be
0oC and 100oC respectively. When the pressure greater than that of bulb material
reading is 60 cm of mercury, the temperature is: b. Coefficient of cubical expansion of liquid may be
a. 25oC b. 40oC equal to that of bulb material
o
c. 15 C d. 12.5oC c. Coefficient of cubical expansion of liquid must be
less than that of bulb material
62) The relationship between saturated vapour d. none of the above
pressure P and absolute temperature T is:
72) Which of the following statements is correct?
a. log P = a + bT – c b. log P a + bT – c/T a. A thermometer should have a small thermal
c. log P = a + T/b – c d. log P = a + T/b – cT capacity
b. Total heat of the universe is conserved
63) The gas thermometers are more sensitive than c. Atmospheric temperature in cities on the sea-coast
liquid thermometers because: changes very much
a. gases expand more than liquids d. none of the above
b. gases are easily obtained
c. gases are much lighter 73) If the boiling point of water is 95 oF, what will be
d. gases do not easily change their states reduction at Celsius scale?
a. 7oC b. 65oC
o
64) Thermoelectric thermometer is based on: c. 63 C d. 35oC
a. mean square velocity b. motion of the molecule
c. Compton effect d. Joule effect 74) Two rods of different materials and identical
cross-sectional area, are joined face to face at one end
65) Maximum density of H2O is at the temperature: and their free ends are fixed to the rigid walls. If the
a. 32oF b. 39.2oF temperature of the surroundings is increased by 30 oC,
o
c. 42 F d. 4oF the magnitude of the displacement of the joint of the
rods is: (length of the rods, l1 = l2 = 1 unit, ratio of
66) One quality of a thermometer is that its heat their Young’s modulii, Y1/Y2 = 2; Coefficients of
capacity should be small. If P is a mercury linear expansion are 1 and 2)
thermometer, Q is a resistance thermometer and R a. 5 (2 1) b. 10 (1 2)
thermocouple type then: c. 10 (2 1) d. 5 (21 2)
a. P is best, R worst b. R is best, P worst
c. R is best, Q worst d. P is best, Q worst 75) The certain amount of gas is sealed in a glass
flask at 1 atmosphere pressure and 20oC. The flask
67) ‘Stem Correction’ in platinum resistance can with stand up to a pressure of 2 atmosphere. Find
thermometers are eliminated by the use of: the temperature to which the gas can be heated so
a. cells b. electrodes that the flask doesn’t break.
c. compensating leads d. none of these a. 513oC b. 413oC
o
c. 313 C d. 213oC
68) Absolute scale of temperature is reproduced in
the laboratory my making use of a: Thermal Expansion
a. radiation pyrometer
b. platinum resistance thermometer 76) A beaker is completely filled with water at 4 oC. It
c. constant volume helium gas thermometer will overflow:
d. constant pressure ideal gas thermometer a. when heated but not when cooled
b. when cooled but not when heated
69) Absolute zero (0 K) is that temperature at which: c. both when heated or cooled
a. matter ceases to exist d. neither when heated nor when cooled
b. ice melts and water freezes
c. volume and pressure of a gas becomes zero
77) Two rods of length L1 and L2 are made of a. immediately starts increasing
materials whose coefficients of linear expansion are b. initially falls and then rises
1 and 2 . If the difference between the two lengths c. rises abruptly
is independent of temperature: d. falls abruptly
a. (L1/L2 ) = (1 / 2) b. (L1/L2 ) = (2/1)
c. L121 = L222 d. 12 L1 = 22 L2 86) A metal ball immersed in alcohol weighs W1 at
78) A metallic ball has spherical cavity at its centre. 0oC and W2 at 59oC. The coefficient of cubical
If the ball is heated, what happens to the cavity? expansion of the metal is less than that of alcohol.
a. Its volume increases Assuming that the density of metal is large compared
b. Its volume decreases to that of alcohol, it can be shown that:
c. Its volume remains unchanged a. W1 > W2 b. W1 = W2
d. Its volume may decrease or increase depending c. W1 < W2 d. W2 = (W1/2)
upon the nature of material
87) If a bar is made of copper whose coefficient of
79) A glass flask of volume one litre at 0 oC is filled, linear expansion is one and a half times that of iron,
level full of mercury at this temperature. The flask the ratio of force developed in the copper bar to the
and mercury are now heated to 100 oC. How much iron bar of identical length and cross-sections, when
mercury will spill out if coefficient of volume heated through the same temperature range (Young’s
expansion of mercury is 1.82 x 104/oC and linear modulus of copper may be taken to be equal to that of
expansion of glass is 0.1 x 104/oC respectively: iron) is:
a. 21.2 cc b. 15.2 cc a. 3/2 b. 2/3
c. 1.52 cc d. 2.12 cc c. 9/4 d. 4/9
80) A vertical column 50 cm long at 50oC balances 88) The apparent coefficient of expansio0n of a
another column of same liquid 60 cm long at 100 oC. liquid when heated in a copper vessel is C and when
The coefficient of absolute expansion of the liquid is: heated in a silver vessel is S. If A is the linear
a. 0.005/oC b. 0.0005/oC coefficient of expansion of copper, then the linear
o
c. 0.002/ C d. 0.0002/oC coefficient of expansion of silver is:
C + 3A – S
81) Sea animals are safe in winter in cold countries a. C + S – 3A b.
3 3
because of:
a. their body conditions C + S + 3A
b. high specific heat of water c. S + 3A – C d.
3 3
c. low conductivity of water
d. anomalous expansion of water
82) A uniform solid brass sphere is rotating with 89) A rod of length 20 cm is made of metal. It
angular speed o about a diameter. If its temperature expands by 0.075 cm when its temperature is raised
is now increased by 100oC, what will be its new from 0oC to 100oC. Another rod of a different metal
angular speed? B having the same length expands by 0.045 cm for
a. 1.1o b. 1.01o the same change in temperature. A third rod of the
c. 0.996o d. 0.824o same length is composed of two parts, one of metal A
and the other of metal B. This rod expands by 0.060
83) A brass rod and led rod each 80 cm long at 0 oC cm for the same change in temperature. The portion
are clamped together at one end with their free ends made of metal A has the length:
coinciding. The separation of free ends of the rods if a. 20 cm b. 10 cm
the system is placed in a steam bath is c. 15 cm d. 18 cm
(B = 18 x 106/oC and L = 28 x 106/oC) :
a. 0. 2 mm b. 0.8 mm 90) A uniform metal rod is used as a bar pendulum. If
c. 1. 4 mm d. 1.6 mm the room temperature rises by 10oC and the
coefficient of linear expansion of the metal of the rod
84) Water does not freeze at the bottom of the lakes is 2 x 106 per oC, the period of the pendulum will
in winter because: have percentage increase of:
a. ice is a good conductor of heat a. 1.7 x 104 /oC b. 1.7 x 105 /oC
4 o
b. ice reflects heat and light c. 3.4 x 10 / C d. 3.4 x 105 /oC
c. of anomalous expansion of water between 4oC
to 0oC 91) Two metal strips that constitute a thermostat must
d. nothing can be said necessarily differ in their:
a. mass
85) Liquid is filled in a flask up to a certain point. b. length
When the flask is heated, the level of the liquid c. resistively
d. coefficient of linear expansion cork sinks when temperature of liquid is t oC, then
ratio (d2/d1) is:
92) The coefficient of apparent expansion of mercury
1 + 100t 1 + t
in a glass vessel is 153 x 10 6 /oC and in a steel vessel a. b.
1 + t 1 + 100t
is 114 x 106 /oC. If for steel is 12 x 106 /oC, then
that of glass is: 100 + t 1 + t
a. 9 x 106 /oC b. 6 x 106 /oC c. d.
6 o
1 + t 100 + t
c. 36 x 10 / C d. 27 x 106 /oC
93) The coefficients of apparent expansion of a liquid 99) When water is heated from 0oC to 10oC, its
when determined using two different vessels A and B volume:
are 1 and 2 respectively. If the coefficient of linear a. increase
expansion of the vessel A is , the coefficient of b. decrease
linear expansion of the vessel B is: c. does not change
d. first increases and then decreases
12 1 2
a. b.
1 + 2 2 100) A bimetallic strip consists of metals X and Y. It
is mounted rigidly at the base as shown in the fig.
1 2 + 1 2 The metal X has a higher coefficient of expansion as
c. d. +
3 3 compared to that for metal Y. When the bimetallic
94) Two rods of different materials having coefficient strip is placed in a cold bath?
of linear expansion 1 and 2 and Young’s modulii
Y1 and Y2 respectively are fixed between two rigid
X Y
massive walls. The rods are heated such that they
undergo the same increase in temperature. There is
no bending of rods. If 1 : 2 = 2 : 3, the thermal
stress developed in two rods are equal provided
Y1 : Y2 is equal to:
a. It will bend towards the right
a. 2 : 3 b. 4 : 9
b. It will bend towards the left
c. 1 : 1 d. 3 : 2
c. It will not bend but shrink
d. It will neither bend nor shrink