SACRED HEART OF JESUS MONTESSORI SCHOOL

J.R. Borja Extension, Gusa, Cagayan de Oro City

Montessori-Based Learning
Learning Instructional Packets (LIPs)
Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences WEEK 3
S.Y ____________

Name: ____________________________________ Date submitted: _________________

Grade & Section: __________________________ Teacher: ________________________
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Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding Of the emergence of the Social Sciences
and the different disciplines. key concepts and approaches in the Social Sciences
Performance Standard: The learner shall be able to … connect the disciplines with their historical and
social foundations. interpret personal and social experiences using relevant approaches in the Social Sciences.
evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the approach

Essential Understanding (EU):

Essential Question:

I. LEARNING COMPETENCY

 Explain the major events and its contribution that led to the emergence of the social science disciplines

Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, 100% of the learners will be able to:
1. explain the major events that led to the emergence of the social science disciplines;
2. enumerate the contributions of social science disciplines; and
3. demonstrate the historical foundation of social science disciplines.
5. Integrate values (fruit of normalization of the month, beatitude & PVMGO);
6. obtain at least 75% mastery level

Target Goal/s: I can ....____________________________________________________________________

II. LEARNING CONTENT

Module 3 Historical Context of the Emergence of Social Science Disciplines

Lesson 3: Major Event and Contribution of Social Science Disciplines

Materials:
1. LIPs

References:
1. MELC
 What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master how social
sciences emerge and how does it link to the natural sciences. The scope of this module permits it to be used in
many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The
lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

What I Know
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Anthropology traces its roots to ancient __________ historical and philosophical writings about human
nature and the organization of human society.
a. British c. French
b. European d. Greek
2. Anthropologists generally regard __________, a Greek historian who lived in the 400s B.C., as the first
thinker to write widely on concepts that would later become central to anthropology.
a. Charles Darwin c. Ibn Khaldun
b. Herodotus d. John Locke
3. The __________ economists developed the theories about how markets and market economies work;
focusing on the dynamics of economic growth.
a. Classical c. Neoclassical
b. Medieval d. Renaissance
4. The __________ was the first civilization to practice a form of geography that was more than mere map
making or cartography.
a. Greek c. Roman
b. Persian d. None of the above
5. Who hypothesized and scientifically demonstrated that the Earth has a spherical shape?
a. Aristotle c. Herodotus
b. Eratosthenes d. Strabo

6. One of his important contributions include the creation of three different methods for projecting the Earth’s
surface on a map, the calculation of coordinate locations.
a. Aristotle c. Herodotus
 b. Eratosthenes d. Ptolemy
7. It is the oldest branch of sociolinguistics and the study of regional differences in language.
a. Dialectology c. Language Planning
b. Ethnography of Speaking d. Variationist Sociolinguistics
8. This is when a smaller speech community is in some way restricted in social interaction with a larger speech
community that shares the same language.
a. Linguistic isolation c. Social isolation
b. Physical isolation d. None of the above
9. Who among the following is known as the father of political science?
a. Aristotle c. Rene Descartes
b. Plato d. None of the Above
10. Who among the following is known as the father of modern political science?
a. Aristotle c. Plato
b. Machiavelli d. Rene Descartes
11. Who published the “On the Origin of Species”, detailing his view of evolution and expanding the theory of
“Survival of the Fittest”?
a. Charles Darwin c. Franz Gall
b. Francis Galton d. Franz Mezmer
12. Who among the following published the “Interpretation of Dreams”, marking the beginning of
Psychoanalytic Thought?
a. Alfred Binet c. Sigmund Freud
b. John Dewey d. William James
13. The term sociology was coined by the French philosopher __________ in 1838 who for this reason is
known as the “Father of Sociology”.
a. Auguste Comte c. John Dewey
b. Carl Jung d. Sigmund Freud
14. Which of the following time period influenced the development of Sociology?
a. Industrial Revolution
b. Rise of Capitalism and Socialism
c. The political revolutions sweeping Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries
d. All of the above
15. What stage of the demographic transition model showed that the introduction of modern medicine lowers
death rates, especially among children, while birth rates remain high?
a. Stage 1 b. Stage 3
c. Stage 2 d. Stage4

III. LESSON PRESENTATION

 Lesson Major Event and
3 Contribution of Social
Science Disciplines

In the development of the history of science, the histories of the individual

scientific disciplines have played an enormously significant role. The goals and
functions of these have recently received considerable attention, both because of the
influence that such histories have had on the legitimacy and self-image of the
disciplines and also because of the adaptability that they have shown when faced
with the conceptual and methodological changes that they have undergone.

What’s In
Directions: List down the nine disciplines of social sciences on the first column
then briefly describes the functions on the next column.
DISCIPLINES OF
DESCRIPTION
SOCIAL SCIENCES
1. ANTHROPOLOGY

2. SOCIOLOGY

3.

9
 What’s New
Photo Analysis!

Direction: Based on the picture below, create a Venn diagram showing the
similarities and differences of the Gutierrez twins.

Raymond Richard
 What is It
Just like an identical twin, the different disciplines of social science have
similarities despite of their differences.

According to Quexbook, 2018 Anthropology traces its roots to Ancient Greek

historical and philosophical writings about human nature and the organization of
human society.

According to Quexbook, 2018 The Modern Economics, which is still being

studied today, is the result of the efforts of ancient or Pre classical (384 B.C - 1776),
classical (1776 - 1871), Neoclassical (1871 - today) and Islamic Economists.

According to Quexbook, 2018 Some of the first truly geographical studies

occurred more than four thousand years ago. The main purpose of these early
investigations was to map features and places observed as explorers travelled to
new lands. At this time, Chinese, Egyptian, and Phoenician civilizations were
beginning to explore the places and spaces within and outside their homelands. The
earliest evidence of such explorations come from the archaeological discovery of a
Babylonian clay tablet map that dates back to 2300 BC.

According to Quexbook, 2018 People with a certain word choice, syntax, and
pronunciation are revealed to be members of a particular speech community; a
group of people who share social conventions about language use. Some features
are noticeable (salient) and are recognized within the community as having a
particular social meaning. Other features are sociolinguistic indicators that can be
associated with certain social characteristics. Different speech communities may
reflect subsets of the same language called dialects.

According to Quexbook, 2018 From the late 1950s to mid-1980s, works in

the history of Political Science stand out by their sheer rarity. Earlier political
scientists were rather (though not exceptionally) more historical in their disciplinary
self - understanding.
Wilhelm Wundt opened the first experimental laboratory in Psychology at the
University of Leipzig, Germany. Credited with establishing psychology as academic
discipline, Wundt’s students include Emil Kraepelin, James McKeen Cattell, and G.
Stanley Hall.

According to Quexbook, 2018 Although sociology has its roots in the works
of philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, and Confucius, it is a relatively new academic
discipline. It emerged in the early nineteenth century in response to the challenges
of modernity.
According to Quexbook, 2018 The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is
based on historical population trends of two demographic characteristics - birth
rate and death rate - to suggest that a country’s total population growth rate cycles
through stages as that country develops economically.

Founder of Different Disciplines

1. Anthropology: Edward Burnett Taylor (1832 - 1917)

According to Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004
• English cultural anthropologist
• First to hold the chair in the subject at Oxford University in the UK in 1896
• Coined the term “culture”
• Wrote “Researches into the Early History of Mankind and the Development of
Civilization"

2. History: Herodotus (484 B.C - 425 B.C) According to Mark, 2018

• Greek Historian
• Treated historical subjects as a method of investigation
• Collected historical materials systematically and critically and arranged them
into a historical narrative.
• Wrote “Histories” which is the record of ancient traditions and culture of
Greece, Asia and Africa

3. Economics: Adam Smith (1723 - 1790) According to Butler, 2016

• Founder of Classical School
• Constructed an explanation on how social behavior is regulated
• Saw a world where each person sought their own self - interest but was
constrained by morality, markets and government
• Wrote “Wealth of the Nations” in 1776

4. Geography: Eratosthenes (276 B.C - 194 B.C) According to Russell, 2017

• Greek geographer
• Became chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria
• Accepted the concept that the Earth is round and
calculated its circumference to within 0.5 percent accuracy
• Described the known areas of the world and divided the earth into five
climatic regions
• Prepared the earliest maps of the known world

5. Linguistic: Ferdinand de Saussure (1857 - 1913) According to Mambrol, 2018

• Swiss linguist
• Posited that linguistic form is arbitrary and therefore that all languages
function in a similar fashion
• Published “Memoire sur le systeme primitifdes voyelles dans les langues
indo-europeenes.”
6. Political Science: Aristotle (384 - 322 B.C) According to Neonatal, 2016
• Political scientist
• Laid down the foundation of governance and leadership  He said “man by
nature is a political animal”.  He wrote “The Politics”.

7. Psychology: Wilhelm Wundt (1832 - 1920) According to McLeod, 2008

• German Psychologist
• Opened the Institute for Experimental Psychology at the University of Leipzig
in Germany in 1879
• Trained Psychology students to make observations that were biased by
personal interpretation or previous experience and used the results to
develop a theory of conscious thought
• Wrote “Principles of Physiological Psychology.”

8. Sociology: Auguste Comte (1798 - 1857) According to Lyudmila, 2000

• French sociologist
• Coined the term “sociology”
• Advocated the application of scientific method to social life and positivism.
• Wrote “Cours de Philosophie Positive” published from 1830 - 1842 in five
volumes.

9. Demography

Table 1: Historical Foundation of Each Discipline

Discipline Historical Foundation

 Traces its roots from natural history which is the

Anthropology study of plants, animals and humans with reference
to their history and native environment.
 The discovery and contact to new civilizations by
European explorers and colonizers led to curiosity
and questions of who these people are, who their
ancestors were, how they are related to other people
in other places, what makes them distinct, what
similarities they share with the rest, how they
conduct their way of life, and what culture they have
in terms of knowledge they possess, their beliefs,
technology that have, etc.
th
 It was in 19 century that the discipline began its
formative years as a social science.

 Through the Medieval and Renaissance periods,

History History was often studied through a sacred or
religious perspective.
th
 In the 20 century, academic historians focused less
 on epic nationalistic narratives, which often tended
to glorify the nation or great men, to more objective
and complex analyses of social and intellectual
forces.
 Recently, the field of digital history has begun to
address ways of using computer technology to pose
new questions to historical data and generate digital
scholarships.

It was not considered a separate discipline until the

Economics  nineteenth century

Greeks examined wealth accumulation and inquiries
on whether property should be in the hands of
private or public institutions.
th th
 In medieval times (Middle Ages - 5 to 15 century),
scholars argued that it was a moral obligations of
business to sell goods at a just price.
 Changes in economic thought have always
accompanied changes in the economy, just as
changes in economic thought can propel change in
economic policy.


People engaged in the study of geography because it
satisfies their natural curiosity about foreign places
Geography and different ways of life.
 The Ancient Greeks made the first contribution to the
subject through measuring the earth using grids of
meridians.

 It was the old Babylon who first created linguistics

texts called Sumerian.
Linguistic  Hindus also created text called Vedas.
 The formal study of language began in India

 It started with the formulation of 3,959 rules of

Sanskrit morphology.
 Early interest in language in the West was a part of
Philosophy, not a grammatical description.


It was once part of the many related fields of study

Political Science  like history, philosophy, law and economics.

The theoretical and practical study of the state and
the politics began way back to the time of the
Ancient Greeks, about 500 - 300 B.C
  The chieftain who headed a village was chosen from

the ranks of leaders with the power to make laws,

judge and execute laws.
 The chiefdom become a state

Psychology 
It has its roots in Ancient Greek Philosophy such as
epistemology, metaphysics, religion and oriental
philosophy.
 Over the centuries, psychology and physiology
became increasingly separated resulting to the two
conceptions of psychology that is phenomenological
(experimental) and mechanistic (physiological).

Sociology 
The intellectual, scientific and industrial revolutions
which happened in Europe in the middle of the 19 th
century led to the development of Sociology.
 The intellectual revolution opened new perspective in
society which offered the people new principles,
ideals, and beliefs changing their outlook in life and
the way they perceive themselves, their environment
and relations with fellow men.
 The revolutions in Europe brought rapid and radical
changes which resulted to social problems, issues
and social unrest prompting some individual to
direct their attention and investigation of social
phenomena.

What’s More
Independent Activity 1

Word Hunt!
Direction: Find the following words in the word hunt below and prepare two to
three-word association synonym for each word. Use a separate bond paper.

Age Dialects Indicator Social Science

Class Development Policy Water
Colony Filipino Poverty Values
Community Gender Power Women
Conflict Globe Society

List Down here the Associate Synonyms of each Word: e.g Community – group

Poverty- Difficulty, hunger

Independent Assessment 1

Matching Type: Match the following social science disciplines from column A to
their proponent in column B.
Answers A. B.

1.e Anthropology a. Adam Smith

2. Demography b. Aristotle
3. a Economics c. Auguste Comte
4. f Geography d. Charles Darwin
5. h History e. Edward Burnett Taylor
 6. Linguistics f. Eratosthenes
7. Political Science g. Ferdinand de Saussure
8. Psychology h. Herodotus
9. Sociology i. Machiavelli
10. Modern Political Science j. Sigmund Freud
k. Rene Descartes
l. Wilhelm Wundt

Independent Activity 2
Directions: Think of a very memorable experience you had. Choose one social
science discipline that had a big influence on you that led to the significant decision
you made for that experience. Do this on the separate paper.

Independent Assessment 2

True or False: Write the word Yehey if the statement is correct and Yahoo if it is
not. Write your answer on a separate paper.

___y_____1. Different speech communities may reflect subsets of the same language
called dialects.
____y____2. People with a certain word choice, syntax, and pronunciation are
revealed to be members of a particular speech community.
________3. Sigmund Freud opened the first experimental laboratory in psychology at
the University of Leipzig, Germany.
________4. The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is based on historical
population trends of two demographic characteristics.
________5. The earliest evidence of such explorations come from the archaeological
discovery of a Sumerian clay tablet map that dates back to 2300 BC.
________6. Edward Burnett Taylor wrote “Researched into the Early History of
Mankind and the Development of Civilization”.
________7. Adam Smith collected historical materials systematically and critically
and arranged them into a historical narrative.
________8. Herodotus wrote “Wealth of the Nations” in 1776.

________9. Eratosthenes described the known areas of the world and divided the
Earth into five climatic regions.
________10. Charles Darwin wrote “Principles of Physiological Psychology.”
________11.Through the Medieval and Renaissance periods, history was often
studied through a sacred or religious perspective.
________12.Economics was not considered a separate discipline until the eighteenth
century.
________13.In medieval times, scholars argued that it was a moral obligation of
business to sell goods at a just price.
________14.The Ancient French made the first contribution to the subject through
measuring the Earth using grids of meridians.
________15. The formal study of language began in China.

What I Have Learned

Direction: Create your own concept map that explains the major events and its
contributions that led to the emergence of the social science disciplines.

What I Can Do
Poster Making!

Directions: Cite one social phenomenon/problem, then choose at least three social
science disciplines that can help you understand the social phenomenon/problem.
Use space below
 Assessment
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Who wrote “Researched into the Early History” of Mankind and the
Development of Civilization?
 a. Aristotle c. Edward Burnett Taylor
b. Auguste Comte d. Herodotus
2. He wrote “Histories” which is the record of ancient traditions and culture of
Greece, Asia and Africa.
a. Aristotle c. Edward Burnett Taylor
b. Auguste Comte d. Herodotus
3. He wrote “The Politics”.
a. Aristotle c. Edward Burnett Taylor
b. Auguste Comte d. Herodotus
4. Who wrote the “Cours de Philosophie Positive” published from 1830 - 1842 in 5
volumes?
a. Aristotle c. Edward Burnett Taylor
b. Auguste Comte d. Herodotus
5. He wrote the “Principles of Physiological Psychology.”
a. Adam Smith c. Ferdinand de Saussure
b. Eratosthenes d. Wilhelm Wundt
6. Who wrote the “Wealth of the Nations” in 1776?
a. Adam Smith c. Ferdinand de Saussure
b. Eratosthenes d. Wilhelm Wundt
7. He published the “Memoire sur le systeme primitifdes voyelles dans les langues
indo-europeenes.”
a. Adam Smith c. Ferdinand de Saussure
b. Eratosthenes d. Wilhelm Wundt
8. He prepared the earliest maps of the known world.
a. Adam Smith c. Ferdinand de Saussure
b. Eratosthenes d. Wilhelm Wundt
9. It traces its roots from natural history which is the study of plants, animals and
humans with reference to their history and native environment.
a. Anthropology c. Psychology
b. Demography d. Sociology
10. In here people engaged in the study of this discipline because it satisfies their
natural curiosity about foreign places and different ways of life.
a. Economics c. History
b. Geography d. Linguistics
11. Where did the formal study of language begin?
 a. Germany c. Thailand
b. India d. United States of America
12. The intellectual, scientific and industrial revolutions which happened in Europe
in the middle of the 19th century led to the development of what discipline?
a. Demography c. Political Science
b. History d. Sociology
13. When did the theoretical and practical study of the state and the politics begin?
a. way back to the time of the Ancient Greeks, about 500 - 300 B.C
b. way back to the time of the Ancient Greeks, about 900 - 600 B.C
c. way back to the time of the Ancient Greeks, about 800 - 500 B.C
d. way back to the time of the Ancient Greeks, about 200 - 100 B.C
14. It was not considered as a separate discipline until the nineteenth century.
a. Anthropology c. Political Science
b. Economics d. Social Sciences
15. Through the Medieval and Renaissance periods, this discipline was often
studied through a sacred or religious perspective.
a. Demography c. Linguistics
b. History d. Sociology
Answer Key