Building Utilities 3: Acoustics and Lighting Systems
Building Utilities 3: Acoustics and Lighting Systems
Building Utilities 3: Acoustics and Lighting Systems
BUILDING UTILITIES 3
Acoustics and Lighting Systems
W 6:30-8:30 PM
F 7:30PM-8:30 PM
PR-RW-01
2. WAVE
- A wave is a disturbance in a medium that carries energy without a net movement of particles.
It may take the form of elastic deformation, a variation of pressure, electric or magnetic
intensity, electric potential, or temperature.
3. SOUND WAVE
- A sound wave is the pattern of disturbance caused by the movement of energy traveling
through a medium (such as air, water, or any other liquid or solid matter) as it propagates
away from the source of the sound. The source is some object that causes a vibration, such as
a ringing telephone, or a person's vocal chords.
4. WAVE FORM
- a curve showing the shape of a wave at a given time.
In electronics, acoustics, and related fields, the waveform of a signal is the shape of its graph
as a function of time, independent of its time and magnitude scales and of any displacement
in time. In electronics, the term is usually applied to periodically varying voltages, currents,
or electromagnetic fields.
5. WAVE LENGTH
- Wavelength can be defined as the distance between two successive crests or troughs of a
wave. It is measured in the direction of the wave.
- Wavelength is the distance from one crest to another, or from one trough to another, of a
wave (which may be an electromagnetic wave, a sound wave, or any other wave). Crest is the
highest point of the wave whereas the trough is the lowest. Since wavelength is
distance/length, it is measured in units of lengths such as metres, centimetres, milimetres,
nanometres, etc.
6. PHASE
- phase is a definition of the position of a point in time (instant) on a waveform cycle. A
complete cycle is defined as 360 degrees of phase as shown in Illustration A below. Phase
can also be an expression of relative displacement between or among waves having the
same frequency .
7. AMPLITUDE
- amplitude, in physics, the maximum displacement or distance moved by a point on a
vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position. It is equal to one-half the
length of the vibration path. The amplitude of a pendulum is thus one-half the distance that
the bob traverses in moving from one side to the other. Waves are generated by vibrating
sources, their amplitude being proportional to the amplitude of the source.
8. WAVEFRONT
- wave front, imaginary surface representing corresponding points of a wave that vibrate in
unison.
- Wave fronts for longitudinal and transverse waves may be surfaces of any configuration
depending on the source, the medium, and the obstructions encountered. See also Huygens’
principle.
9. FREQUENCY
- Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time. It is also
occasionally referred to as temporal frequency to emphasize the contrast to spatial frequency,
and ordinary frequency to emphasize the contrast to angular frequency. Frequency is
measured in hertz which is equal to one per second.
10. SOUND VIBRATION
- In physics, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave, through a transmission
medium such as a gas, liquid or solid. In human physiology and psychology, sound is the
reception of such waves and their perception by the brain.