APPLICABLE MODULE TYPE

Module type Module code

DE18M(II)

DE19

DE20

Monofacial products DE21

DE09

DE09.05

DE09.08

DEG18MC.20(II)

DEG19C.20
Bifacial products
DEG20C.20

DEG21C.20

Contents of this document are subject to change without notice.

For the latest document please refer to Trina Solar official website: www.trinasolar.com.
UM-M-0002/Ver.A Copyright © 30 April, 2021. Trina Solar Co., Ltd.
Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................ 1

2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ........................................................................................... 1

3 SITE SELECTION AND ANGLE .................................................................................. 2

4 UNLOAD/TRANSPORTATION/STORAGE ................................................................... 3

5 UNPACKING INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 7

5.1 UNPACKING SAFETY...................................................................................................... 7
5.2 UNPACKING STEPS ........................................................................................................ 8

6 INSTALLATION ....................................................................................................... 10
6.1 INSTALLATION SAFETY ............................................................................................... 10
6.2 INSTALLATION METHOD .............................................................................................. 12
6.2.1 SCREW INSTALLATION .......................................................................................... 12
6.2.2 CLAMP INSTALLATION ........................................................................................... 13
6.2.3 SINGLE-AXIS INSTALLATION ................................................................................. 16
6.3 GROUNDING ................................................................................................................. 17
6.4 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION ....................................................................................... 18
6.4.1 SAFETY INSTRUCTION .......................................................................................... 18
6.4.2 WIRING .................................................................................................................... 19
6.4.3 FUSING .................................................................................................................... 20

7 PV MODULE MAINTENANCE .................................................................................. 21

7.1 VISUAL INSPECTION AND REPLACEMENT ................................................................ 21
7.2 CONNECTOR AND CABLE INSPECTION ..................................................................... 21
7.3 CLEANING ..................................................................................................................... 22

8 REPORTING TECHNICAL ISSUES AND CLAIMS ..................................................... 24

APPENDIX A: TRACKERS COMPATIBILITY ................................................................... 25

Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

1 INTRODUCTION
First, thank you for choosing our products. This manual shall only apply to the installation,
maintenance and use of the 210 Vertex series solar modules manufactured by Trina Solar Co., Ltd.
(hereinafter referred to as "Trina Solar"). Failure to follow these safety instructions may result in
personal injury or property damage.
The installation and operation of solar modules requires specialized skills and should only be
performed by professionals. Please read the "Safety and Installation Instructions" carefully before
using and operating the modules. The installer must inform the end customers (or consumers) of the
above matters accordingly.
The term "Module" or "PV Module" in this manual refers to one or more 210 Vertex series solar
modules. Please retain this manual for future reference.
DISCLAIMER
Trina Solar reserves the rights to change this User Manual without noticing in advance. This manual
is not a warranty document and does not have any warranty meaning. Failure of the customers to
follow the requirements outlined in this manual during the installation of the module will result in the
invalidity of product's limited warranty. Trina Solar is not responsible for any damage of any kind,
including but not limited to any physical damage, injury or property loss resulting from module
operation, improper system installation and failure to follow the instructions in the manual.

Warning Prohibition
Otherwise, the product may be Otherwise, the product may be
damaged or the user's personal damaged or the user's personal
safety may be endangered. safety may be endangered.

2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
GENERAL SAFETY
Before attempting to install, wire, operate and maintain the modules, please read and understand all
safety instructions. The module’s solar cell will generate direct current (DC) when it is exposed to
direct sunlight or other light sources, and direct contact with electricity live parts of the module, such
as terminals, can result in injury or death, irrespective of whether or not the module and the other
electrical equipment are connected.
Regardless of whether the PV module is connected to the system or not, when
conducting such as installation, grounding, wiring, or cleaning work, appropriate
protective equipment such as insulation tools, hard hats, insulated gloves, safety
belts and safety insulated shoes should always be used to avoid direct contact
with the modules, reduce the risk of electric shock and protect your hands from
sharp edges.

Do not stand, sit, walk, or jump directly on the module package or the module itself.

1
The PV module does not contain any serviceable parts. Do not disassemble
or move any part of the module.
Do not damage or scratch the front- or backside surfaces of the module, as
scratches may directly affect the product safety. If you detect any scratches
or cuts on the module front- or backside, please do not use the module at
all.
Do not put heavy objects or sharp objects on modules.
Do not pull, scratch or bend the output cables with force. Otherwise, the
insulation part of the output cables will be damaged, leading to current
leakage or electric shock.
Do not insert any conductive material into the connectors attached to the
module.
Do not connect or disconnect the module when there is a current flow, or
connected with any powered system.
Do not use water to extinguish fires when the module is connected to any
powered system.
Do not artificially concentrate sunlight on the module.
Do not drop PV modules or allow objects to hit or fall directly on the modules.
Do not carry modules on your head.
Do not carry modules with ropes.
Do not carry modules on your back.
During the normal operation of modules, they should not be blocked by buildings, trees, chimneys,
etc. at any time of the day.
Keep the junction box cover closed at all times.

FIRE SAFETY
When install modules on the rooftop, please refer to local laws and regulations before installation
and abide by the requirements on building fire protection. The roof should be covered with a layer of
fireproof materials with suitable fire protection rating and make sure that the backsheet and the
mounting surface are fully ventilated. Different roof structures and installation methods will affect
fireproof performance of buildings. Improper installation may lead to the risk of fire. Please use proper
module accessories such as fuse, circuit breaker and grounding connector according to local
regulations.

Do not install or use modules near open flames or flammable and explosive materials.

3 SITE SELECTION AND ANGLE

INSTALLATION ENVIRONMENT SELECTION
Trina Solar recommends that the module should be installed in a working environment with an
ambient temperature of -20℃ to 50℃, but not exceed the temperature limit of -40℃ to 85℃.
The modules shall be installed in shadow-free areas throughout the year. Do not install the PV
modules at a place where water damage may occur.
When installing solar modules on the rooftop, a safe working area must be left between the roof edge
and the outer edge of the PV array.

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Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

When stacking module on the rooftop, the rooftop should be tested for such loading and the
installation plan must be developed in accordance with the specification requirements.
When using the modules in areas with high wind load and snow load, the supporting structure design
should be carried out in strict accordance with the local design specifications, to ensure that the
external load does not exceed the mechanical strength limit that the modules can withstand.
Salt spray corrosion tests conducted in accordance with IEC 61701 have shown that Trina Solar's
PV modules can be installed near offshore or in the corrosive environment. However, the modules
shall not be immersed in water or in a permanently wet environment (e.g., fountains, spindrift, etc.).
There is a risk of corrosion if the module is placed in a salt spray (i.e., a marine environment) or in
an environment containing sulfur (e.g., volcanoes, etc.).
In the place, 50~500 m away from the sea, stainless steel or aluminum materials need to be used in
where contacting PV modules, and the installation position must be processed with anti-corrosion
treatment. For detailed installation requirements, please refer to the Trina Solar Coastal Application
White Paper, available from https://www.trinasolar.com/en-glb/resources/downloads.

INCLINATION SELECTION

The tilt angle of the PV module refers to the angle between the module and the horizontal ground.
The tilt angle shall be selected according to the local conditions for different projects. Trina Solar
recommends that the mounting tilt angle should not be less than 10°. For specific tilt angles, it shall
be chosen in accordance with the local design procedures, specifications and regulations, or
following the recommendations of the experienced PV module installers.
The PV modules is highly recommended facing south in the northern hemisphere and north in the
southern hemisphere to get the best performance.
Following the local regulations, if PV modules are installed in North America and any other country
or region comply to UL standard. A minimum of 155 mm (6.10 inch, recommended value) clearance
shall be left between the PV module (backside) and the wall or roof surface. If other installation
methods are used, the PV module's UL certification or fire class rating may get affected.

4 UNLOAD/TRANSPORTATION/STORAGE
Please make sure to have sufficient safe distance during forklift operation
to prevent people from standing or passing on both sides.
When unloading using a forklift, particular care should be taken to control
the travel speed and prevent tilting during cornering.
In any circumstances, for vertically landscape packaging, it shall not be
stacked more than two layers; for vertically portrait packaging, stacking is
not allowed.
The work ground needs to ensure that the packing box can be placed
horizontally and steadily to avoid tipping.

3
Example for vertically landscape package and vertically portrait package is shown as follows:

Vertically landscape package Vertically portrait package

(short-side vertically placed) (long-side vertically placed)

UNLOADING
Upon arrival of the modules, please check the packaging box is in good condition, and check whether
the module type and quantity on the outer packaging are consistent with the delivery order, if
anything is wrong, please contact Trina Solar logistics and sales staff immediately.

1. Unloading with a crane

When crane is used to unload the modules, please choose and use specialized tooling according to
the weight and size of the module. Please adjust the position of the sling to keep the modules steady.
To ensure the safety of the module, wooden sticks, boards or other fixtures of the same width as the
outer packing cases should be used on the upper part of the box to prevent the sling from squeezing
the pallet and damaging the modules. When placing the modules, do not lower the packing box too
quickly and put it on a flat ground.

For vertically landscape packages, do not lift up more than TWO pallets
of modules at once; for vertically portrait packages, do not lift up more
than ONE pallet of modules at once.
Do not unload modules under the weather conditions of wind more than 6 class (in Beaufort scale),
heavy rain or heavy snow.

2. Unloading with a forklift

When using a forklift to unload the modules, please choose a suitable forklift according to weight.
The forkprong should go into the pallet at least 3/4 of the pallet depth during unloading. Drive slowly
and do not allow forks to hit the cartons or pallets.
It is recommended to operate the forklift from the aluminum frame side of the module and not touch
the glass side. If the operation must be carried out on the glass side, please place buffer protection
material in advance to prevent the inside modules being damaged due to the external force. It is
recommended to extend the height or width of the forklift backrest so that the force is distributed on
the modules’ aluminum frame.

4
Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

Since the packing box will block the sight of the forklift driver, it is recommended to drive backwards
during the forklift, and arrange for special supervision and command to prevent bumping into people
or items causing personal injury or damage to the modules.
Please also pay attention to the following precautions when unloading (taking vertically portrait
packages as an example).

Prevent collision on the Secure the module packaging to the Control the speed to prevent
top when unloading from forklift with a belt, transport horizontally tipping.
the container. with no person standing on either side.

No collision on the module glass. No tilting storage.

SECONDARY TRANSPORTATION
The packaged modules can be transported by land, sea or air. During transportation, make sure that
the package is fixed with packing belts securely on the shipping platform without any movement.
If the unpacked modules need to be transported to other places, it is recommended to pack the
single module together in a package to the maximum number allowed, and fixed with inner packing
belts (2100N force recommended). Finally, cover it with the packaging carton box and fix it with the
same number of packing belts as before.
If the number of modules need to be packed is less than the maximum number allowed in a package,
the modules need to be fixed and secured to the center of the pallet for utility packaging (the following
figure to the left) or on the side for distribution packaging (the following figure to the right), and fixed
with inner packing belts (2100N force recommended). Finally, cover it with the packaging carton box
and fix it with the same number of packing belts as before. Do not put the unfulfilled package on the
lower layer when transported.

5
Please use appropriate means of transport to transport the modules. Do
not use pedicab to transport or handle the modules.
Secondary transport is not allowed for the monofacial modules that are
packaged horizontally.
There is no stacking of pallets allowed, when transporting with small trucks.

STORAGE
Modules should be stored in a dry and ventilated environment on a flat ground, to avoid damage or
dumping of the modules due to ground deformation or collapse.
Storage requirements: relative humidity < 85% and temperature range of 20°C to 50°C.

Do not remove the original package and keep the wrapping film and carton
box in a good condition, if the modules require long-distance transport or
long-term storage.
In rainy weather, please fully cover the modules and pallets with a rain
protection and take moisture-proof measures on pallets and cartons to
prevent collapse and moisture ingress.
Do not allow unauthorized persons to access the module storage area.
Do not leave modules unsupported or unsecured.
Do not stack modules on the project site.

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Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

5 UNPACKING INTRODUCTION
5.1 UNPACKING SAFETY

Before unpacking, please check the product type, power bins, serial number and relevant
suggestions on the A4 paper of the packaging box, and read the unpacking instructions carefully.
Custom unpacking methods are prohibited.
Before unpacking, please make sure that the packaging box is in good condition, it is recommended
to use art knife to remove the packing belt and wrapping film. Violent removal is prohibited to avoid
scratching the modules in the box.
Please check that the number of modules in the box and the barcode information on the module
frame are consistent with the information on the A4 paper on the packaging box.
Please follow the recommended unpacking steps to unpack the modules. When unpacking, it must
be operated by two or more people at the same time. Always wear insulating gloves when handling
the modules.
If all the modules are not taken out after unpacking, the remaining modules shall be placed
horizontally and repackaged to prevent them from tipping. When packaging, please note that the
glass side of the bottom module should face up, the glass side of the middle modules should face
down, and the glass side of the top module should face up. Stacks of modules should contain no
more than 16 modules, and the frames should be aligned.
For matters regarding the unpacking auxiliary tool, please contact Trina Solar sales.

In windy weather, it is recommended not to carry the modules, and the unpacked modules should
be properly secured.
Do not unpack the modules outside under rain and snow conditions.
Do not take out the module by one person to prevent the module from slipping and hitting other
modules, causing scratches, cracks, or deformation on the modules.
Do not lift modules by their cables or junction box.
Before removing the inner packing belts, please take measures to protect the modules from dumping.
Vertically portrait packages have a high center of gravity and are prohibited from unpacking on non-
horizontal or soft grounds to avoid personal injury or even death.
If unpacking the vertically portrait packages on non-horizontal
ground, anti-tilting measures should be taken as shown in the figure
to the right.
Do not stand on the back of the auxiliary tool, if unpacking the
modules packed with vertically portrait packaging method.
Do not lean the module on any instable objects, such as poles or
mounting columns.
Do not support the back of the modules directly with materials such as wooden strips.

7
5.2 UNPACKING STEPS

Method A: Unpacking from one side for DE18M(II) / DEG18MC.20(II) / DE19 / DEG19C.20 series
modules with vertically landscape package.

1) Place the carton box on a flat 2) Remove the attached plywood. 3) Prepare for unpacking (do
ground, then cut the packing not stack the module),
belts. Start from step 3 if there unpacking instruction can be
are no plywood attached. seen on the packing box.

4) Cut the two packing belts 5) Cut off the short-side tape, lift 6) Cut the two horizontal packing
on the short side of the pallet, the cardboard up 90°, and pull belts inside the carton, and cut the
and cut the side carton in the out the cardboard to expose the two packing belts near the pallet.
vertical direction. modules. Take out the modules in turn and
carry the module by two people.

Method B: Unpacking for DE18M(II) / DEG18MC.20(II) / DE19 / DEG19C.20 etc. series modules
with vertically landscape package.

1) Remove the wrapping film 2) Remove the top cover and 4) Cut off all the horizontal
and packing belts. the cartons. packing belts.

5) When there are 1-2 vertical 6) Cut off the remaining 7) Take out the modules in
packing belts remaining, push packing order.
the module to tilt toward the
stable supportor.

8
Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

Method C: For DE20 / DE21 / DEG21C.20 series modules with vertically portrait package

1) Remove the wrapping 2) Remove the top cover 3) Remove the carton box.
film and packing belts. and sealing tape.

4) Place the auxiliary tool 5) Cut off all the horizontal 6) When there are 1-2 vertical
from the glass side. packing belts. packing belts remaining, push the
module to tilt toward the auxiliary
tool.

7) Cut off the remaining packing 8) Take out the modules in order.
belts so that the modules rest on
the auxiliary tool.
Method D: Unpacking from one side for DE09 / DE09.05 / DE09.08 series modules with vertically
landscape package.

1) Cut all the packing belts and 2) Remove the top cover.
take out the wrapping film.

3) Remove the side cover. 4) Take out the modules from one side.

9
6 INSTALLATION

1 Drain hole
2 Grounding hole
3 Installation hole
4 Connector
5 Cable
6 Junction box
Mechanical drawing for monofacial modules 7 Nameplate
8 Frame
9 Glass
10 Encapsulate material
11 Solar cell
12 Backsheet

Mechanical drawing for bifacial modules

6.1 INSTALLATION SAFETY

Trina Solar recommends that PV module installation should only be conducted by specialized
persons with experience in PV system installation. All installation work must be in full compliance
with the local regulations and the relevant international electrical standards.
The fire rating of Trina Solar modules complies with relevant standards or local laws and regulations.
Before installation, please carefully check the modules for abnormalities such as glass bursts, cell
cracks, backsheet scratches, deformation of installation holes, broken junction boxes or missing
covers, nameplates falling off or missing, and broken cables or connectors, etc. If any of such
situation is found, please contact Trina Solar customer service in time.
Before installation, please keep modules' electrical components clean and dry. Connectors can
corrode if they are in connected under wet conditions or with water inside the conductive parts. Any
corroded components shall not be used.
The cable length of junction box shall be selected according to the installation mode. When wiring,
the ties for fixing the cables coils shall be removed. The cable shall be fixed on the installation system
(frame or bracket, guide rail) with UV resistant cable ties, in cable conduits or wire cards to avoid
direct sunlight or immersion in water and mechanical damage of the cable; otherwise, it may cause
accelerated aging of the cable or even leakage and fire. Bifacial PV modules should also avoid

10
Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

blocking the solar cells on the back of the module. The open area should minimize arc coil, which
can reduce the risk of induced lightning impact on PV module.

Do not install modules under rain, snow or windy conditions.

If installing or operate modules after rain or in the morning dew, appropriate
protective measures need to be taken to prevent water vapor from penetrating
into the connector.
Do not allow unauthorized persons to access the installation area.
When installing with scaffolding, make sure that the scaffolding is in a stable position or with anti-
dumping measures, and that the installer should wear a safety belt in accordance with local building
codes.
It is recommended not to stand on the bottom side of the inclined surface of the module during
installation, to prevent the module from slipping and causing casualty.
Please keep the PV module packed in the carton until installation and install them immediately after
unpacking.
Do not wear metallic jewelry which can cause electric shock during installation.
During installation and wiring of PV modules, please use opaque material to cover the PV module
surface completely.
Installation work must be carried out by at least two persons.
Do not stand on the module glass while working. There is a risk of injury or electric shock if the glass
is broken.
Do not loosen or unscrew the screws/clamps/rails of and around the PV module, which may lead to
a reduction of the module's load rating and even fall off.
Do not drop any tools or other objects on the module front- or backside which could cause damage
(visible or non-visible) to the module.
Do not install or use damaged modules. If the surface glass is damaged or worn, direct contact with
the surface of the module may cause electric shock.
Do not damage the backsheet or glass of modules when fastening the modules to the bracket with
bolts.
Do not drill additional holes on any part of the module. Doing so will void the warranty.
The drain holes on the module frame must not be blocked in any situation during the installation and
operation.
Do not unplug the connector if the system circuit is connected to a load.
Modules with different colors should be avoided to install on the same rooftop or in the same array.

11
6.2 INSTALLATION METHOD

The PV modules must be installed in accordance with the installation instructions specified in this
user manual to comply with the IEC certification. Before installing, please read this section carefully
to familiarize yourself with the complete installation processes.
The modules and racking system can be connected through the mounting holes, clamps, or an
embedded system. Installation of modules must be carried out in accordance with the installation
requirements. If you wish to use a different installation method, please consult Trina Solar customer
service or technical support team. If in such case that an alternative mounting method is used but
not approved by Trina Solar, the module may get damaged and the warranty will be invalidated.
The mechanical loads described in this manual are the test loads. For calculating the equivalent
maximum design loads, a safety factor of 1.5 needs to be considered in compliance with the
requirements of the local laws and regulations. The design loads are strongly related to the
construction, applied standards, location and local climate conditions; therefore, have to be
determined by the racking suppliers and/or the professional engineers. For detailed information,
please follow local structural code or contact your professional structural engineer.
The modules shall be mounted on continuous rails that extend beneath the modules. If modules are
mounted without continuous rails, the maximum allowable load will be reduced, which needs to be
re-evaluated by Trina Solar.
The minimum distance between two modules is 5 mm (0.2 inch). If using special trackers, the
minimum distance should be selected according to the technical requirements of the tracker
suppliers.

6.2.1 SCREW INSTALLATION

The frame of each module has 4-φ9*14mm mounting holes, that are ideally placed to optimize the
loading capacity to secure the modules on the supporting structure.
To maximize mounting longevity, Trina Solar strongly recommends the use of corrosion proof
(stainless steel) fixings.
Secure the module in each fixing location with one M8 bolt, two flat washers, one spring washer and
one nut (see Figure 1) and tighten them to a torque of 16-20 N.m (140-180 lbf.in.). The yield strength
of bolt and nut should not be less than 450 MPa.
All parts in contact with the frame should use flat stainless-steel washers of a minimum of 1.5 mm
(0.06 inch) thickness with an outer diameter of 20-24 mm (0.79-0.94 inch), except for DE09 /
DE09.05 / DE09.08 / DEG19C.20 using an outer diameter of 16-18 mm (0.63-0.71 inch).

Figure 1. PV module installed with bolt fitting method.

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Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

The screw should be fixed at the following locations for different installation methods and mechanical
loads.

Mounting rails run parallel to the short side frame.

Distance between mounting holes is 1400 mm. Mounting rails run parallel to the long side frame.
Distance between mounting holes is 1100 mm (for DE09 Distance between mounting holes is 1400 mm.
series only).
Module type Maximum load Module type Maximum load

DE18M(II) series
DEG18M.20(II) series
DEG18MC.20(II) series
DEG19C.20 series
Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa DEG18M.20(II) series Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
DE19 series
Downforce load ≤ 5400 Pa DEG18MC.20(II) series Downforce load ≤ 5400 Pa
DE20 series
DEG20C.20 series
DE21 Series
DEG21C.20 series

DEG19C.20 series
Uplift load ≤ 4000 Pa Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
DE09 series DEG20C.20 series
Downforce load ≤ 6000 Pa Downforce load ≤ 3600 Pa
DEG21C.20(II) series

6.2.2 CLAMP INSTALLATION

Trina Solar has tested its modules with a number of clamps from different manufacturers, it is
recommended to use fixing bolt of at least M8. The clamp should have length of ≥50 mm (1.97 inch)
with thickness of ≥3 mm (0.12 inch). The clamp shall not be malfunctioned due to deformation or
corrosion during the loading process.
The clamp must overlap the module frame by at least 7 mm (0.28 in) but not more than 10 mm (0.39
inch).
Modules clamps should not come into contact with the front glass and must not be deformed.
Please make sure to avoid shading effects from the module clamps.
The module frame shall not to be modified under any circumstances.
When choosing clamp installation method, use at least four clamps on each module, two clamps
should be attached on each long sides of the module (for portrait orientation). Depending on local
wind and snow loads, additional clamps may be required to ensure that modules can bear the extra
load.
Applied torque should refer to mechanical design standard according to the bolt customer is using,
for example: M8: 16-20 N.m (140-180 lbf.in)

13
The installation method of clamps is shown in Figure 2.

End clamp installation Middle clamp installation.

Figure 2. PV module installed with clamp fitting method.

Clamp positions are of crucial importance for the reliability of the installation. The clamp centerlines
must only be positioned within the ranges indicated in table below, depending on the configurations
and loads.

Use 4 clamps on the long side. Use 4 clamps on the long side.
Mounting rails run perpendicular to the long side frame. Mounting rails run parallel to the long side frame.

Module type Maximum loads Module type Maximum loads

A = (350 - 450) mm A = (350 - 450) mm
DE18M(II) series
DEG18M.20(II) series
DEG18M.20(II) series Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
DEG18MC.20(II) series
DEG18MC.20(II) series Downforce load ≤ 5400 Pa Downforce load ≤ 5400 Pa

DE19 series A = (440 - 540) mm A = (440 - 540) mm

DEG19C.20 series
Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa DEG19C.20 series Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
DE21 series
Downforce load ≤ 5400 Pa Downforce load ≤ 3600 Pa
DEG21C.20 series
A = (360 - 430) mm A = (360 - 430) mm
DE20 series
Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa DEG20C.20 series Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
DEG20C.20 series
Downforce load ≤ 5400 Pa Downforce load ≤ 3600 Pa

A = (250 - 350) mm
Uplift load ≤ 4000 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 6000 Pa
A = (200 - 250 or 350 - 400) mm A = (440 - 540) mm
Uplift load ≤ 3000 Pa DEG21C.20 series
DE09 series Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 3600 Pa Downforce load ≤ 3600 Pa
A = (100 - 200 or 400 -500) mm
Uplift load ≤ 2000 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa

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Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

The following installation methods and mechanical loads are for DE09 series only and have been
verified by the Trina Solar’s National Key Laboratory for PV Science and Technology.
Installation methods Maximum loads (DE09 series)

A = (0 - 200) mm
Uplift load ≤ 2000 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa

Use 4 clamps on the short side.

Mounting rails run perpendicular to the long side frame.

A = (0 - 200) mm
Uplift load ≤ 1800 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa

Use 4 clamps on the short side.

A = (200 - 400) mm
Uplift load ≤ 3000 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 3600 Pa
A = (100 – 200 or 400 - 500) mm
Uplift load ≤ 2000 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa

Use 4 clamps on the long side.

A = (0 - 200) mm
B = (0 - 200) mm
Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 3600 Pa

Use 6 clamps on the long side.

A = (0 - 200) mm
B = (0 - 200) mm
Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 3000 Pa

Use 4 clamps on the short side and 2 clamps on the long

side.

15
 A = (250 - 450) mm
B = (100 - 250) mm
Uplift load ≤ 1800 Pa
Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa

Use 2 clamps on the short side and 2 clamps on the long

side.
Mounting rails run perpendicular to the long side frame.

Uplift load ≤ 2000 Pa

Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa

Use two insertion profiles running parallel to the long

side frame.

6.2.3 SINGLE-AXIS INSTALLATION

The bolts used in this section is to secure the module in each fixing location with an M6 bolt, two
flat washers, a spring washer and a nut. All parts in contact with the frame should use flat stainless
steel washers of minimum 1.5 mm (0.06 inch) thickness with an outer diameter of 16-20 mm (0.63-
0.79 inch).
Trina Solar modules can be used with trackers produced by different manufacturers, please check
Appendix A for details.
If the tracker is provided with a bumper and hold hoop, they should be tightening together onto the
torque using a hex driver. Please avoid the position of the junction box when installing the bumper.
The module has to be installed on the purlins.

Mounting rails run perpendicular to the long side frame. This installation method is for the tracker with bumper
Distance between mounting holes 400 mm. only.
Mounting rails run perpendicular to the long side frame.
Distance between mounting holes 400 mm.
Module type Maximum load Module type Maximum load

DEG18M.20(II) series Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa DE18M(II) series Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
DEG18MC.20(II) series Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa DEG19C.20 series Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa

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Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

6.3 GROUNDING

All module frames and mounting racks must be properly grounded in accordance with the electrical
design and construction specifications, procedures, regulations and other special grounding
requirements applicable to the installation sites.
Proper grounding can be achieved by connecting the module frame(s) and all metallic structural
components together by using a suitable grounding conductor. The grounding conductors or wires
may be copper, alloy, or any other materials that are in accordance with the local electrical design
and construction specifications, procedures, and regulations. The ground conductor must be
reliably grounded by a suitable ground electrode.
General grounding hardware comes in a package that includes the grounding screw, flat washer,
star washer and wire and other relevant hardware should be made of stainless steel.
Do not drill any extra ground holes for convenience, this will void the modules warranty.
Trina Solar does not provide grounding devices or materials. Any third-party grounding device that
meets the requirements of the installation electrical equipment specifications can be used for
grounding of Trina Solar’s modules. The grounding device should be installed in accordance with
the operating manual prescribed by the manufacturer.
Trina Solar recommends using grounding wires with resistances that are less than 1Ω.
The electrical contact is made by penetrating the anodized coating of the aluminum frame, and
tightening the mounting screw (together with the star washer) to the proper torque of 3-7 N.m.
Grounding connections should be installed by a qualified electrician. Connect module frames
together using adequate grounding cables: Grounding wire size (4-16 mm2/12-6 AWG solid bare
copper) should be selected and installed underneath the wire binding bolt. Holes provided for this
purpose are identified with a grounding symbol (IEC61730-1). All conductive connection junctions
must be firmly fixed.
To avoid lightning strikes and ensure electrical safety, the module frames must be reliably
grounded. Grounding between modules can be done using a 4 mm2 (12 AWG) solid bare copper
that connects adjacent ground holes on the module frame (unused installation holes on the frame
can also be used for grounding).
Components View Connection

Star washer, flat washer, grounding

wire are placed in turn, then screwed
into the grounding hole to bond the
adjacent modules

Trina Solar recommends using the following two methods for grounding installation, as shown in
Figure 3.

Figure 3. PV module grounding methods (IEC standard).

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6.4 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

6.4.1 SAFETY INSTRUCTION

All wiring installation should be carried out by qualified installers in accordance with local electrical
construction codes, procedures, and regulations.
Modules can be connected in series to increase the operating voltage by connecting the positive
terminal of one module into the negative terminal of the next one. Before connecting, always ensure
that the contacts are corrosion-free, clean, and dry.
The product can be irreparably damaged if an array string is connected in reverse polarity to another.
Always verify the voltage and polarity of each string before making a parallel connection. If a reversed
polarity or a difference of more than 10V between strings was detected, check the string configuration
before connection.
The standard copper cables applied in Trina Solar modules are UV resistant and with a cross-
sectional area of ≥4 mm2 (12 AWG). All other cables applied to connect the DC system should be
provided with a similar or larger wire cross section. Trina Solar recommends that all cables are routed
in appropriate conduits or rails where water does not accumulate.
The string voltage must not be higher than the maximum system voltage, as well as the maximum
input voltage of the inverter and the other electrical devices installed in the system. In order to ensure
this, the open circuit voltage of an array needs to be calculated at the lowest expected local ambient
temperature, which can be determined using the following formula:
Max System Voltage = N ⋅ 𝑉𝑜𝑐 ⋅ [1 + 𝑇𝐶𝑉𝑂𝐶 ⋅ (𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑛 − 25)]
where
N Number of modules in series
𝑉𝑜𝑐 Open circuit voltage (refer to product label or data sheet)
𝑇𝐶𝑉𝑂𝐶 Thermal coefficient of open circuit voltage (refer to data sheet)
𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑛 The lowest expected operating temperature
The number of modules that can be connected shall be determined by a qualified institution or person
in accordance with the design specifications of the photovoltaic system and the local electrical design
specifications. The calculation formula recommended by Trina Solar shall be for reference only.
Every module is provided with two standard output cables, and each terminated with a plug-and-play
connector. All wiring and electrical connections must be installed in accordance with the electrical
design and construction specifications, procedures and regulations at the place of installation.
The minimum and maximum outer diameters of the cable are 5 to 7 mm (0. 20 to 0.28 in).
For wiring connections, please use standard PV copper wires with a cross-section area of at least 4
mm2 (12 AWG), and should be light-resistant and temperature-resistant at a minimum of 90 °C.

Do not bend the cables less than 43 mm (1.69 inch) radius. PV cables will be damaged if bending
radius less than 43 mm.

Figure 4: The correct routing and minimum bending radius of cables.

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Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

6.4.2 WIRING
In order to ensure the normal operation of the system, when connecting the module or loads (such
as inverters, batteries, etc.), observe to ensure that the polarity of the cable is connected correctly.
If modules are not connected correctly, the bypass diode could be damaged. PV modules can be
connected in series to increase the voltage and connected in parallel to increase the current, as
shown in Figure 5.
When conducting electrical connection of the modules, please use diagonal pliers to cut the cable
tie. When cutting the tie, be careful not to scratch the cable and backsheet. According to the electrical
requirements. The positive and negative connectors should be connected in turn, and confirm that
you hear a "click" to indicate that the connection is successful. Otherwise, during the operation of
the modules, this could lead to electric arc due to poor connections and can burn the connectors.

Before the commissioning and operation of the power station, please check the electrical connection
of modules and strings, making sure all connection polarity is correct and the open circuit voltage
meets the requirements of the acceptance criteria.
The number of modules in series and in parallel shall be designed reasonably according to the
system configuration.
All the above instructions must be followed to meet Trina Solar's warranty conditions.

Figure 5: Series and parallel connection circuit diagram.

Trina Solar recommends the following two wiring methods for portrait and landscape installations
with short and long cable lengths, respectively. For specific standard cable lengths, please refer to
the datasheets of the products.
Recommended Wiring Methods Graphical View

Portrait installation:
Standard short cable length

(C-type Wiring)
(Note: One end of the single row needs to be extended)

19
 Portrait installation:
Standard short cable length

(Linear Wiring)

(Note: One end of the single row needs to be extended)

Landscape installation:
Standard long cable length or
customized length

6.4.3 FUSING
The correction factor of a fuse shall be determined by an authorized professional electrical engineer
in accordance with the relevant design regulations and system simulation results. Trina Solar does
not responsible for determining the minimum rating of fuse.
The fuse rated current should be chosen depending on different standards, as follows
1.5
⋅ 𝐼 ≤ 𝐼𝑛 ≤ 𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝐹𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 (𝐼𝐸𝐶 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑)
𝐾𝑓 𝑆𝐶
1.56
⋅ 𝐼 ≤ 𝐼𝑛 ≤ 𝑀𝑎𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝐹𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 (𝑁𝐸𝐶 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑)
𝐾𝑓 𝑆𝐶
where
𝐼𝑛 Fuse rated current
𝐼𝑆𝐶 Short circuit current of the module
𝐾𝑓 Temperature correction factor
A correction factor (𝐾𝑓 ) should be applied for determining the fuse rated current working at different
temperatures. Please confirm the final fuse selection with the qualified design institutes and fuse
manufacturer. The maximum series fuse rating value on the products’ datasheet provided by Trina
Solar should be used for reference only.

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Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

7 PV MODULE MAINTENANCE
7.1 VISUAL INSPECTION AND REPLACEMENT

The modules must be inspected and maintained regularly, which is the responsibility of the users.
The circuit breaker should be disconnected before the inspection. If the modules are damaged, such
as broken glass, broken cables, and damaged junction boxes, it may cause functional and safety
failures. If the module is damaged, replace the damaged module with a new module of the same
type. Do not touch the live part of the cable or connector.
It is recommended to perform a preventive inspection every six months, and do not replace
components of modules without authorization. If electrical or mechanical performance inspection or
maintenance is required, it is recommended that qualified professionals should perform the operation
to avoid electric shock or personal injury.
The vegetation should be cut regularly to avoid shading and thus affecting the module’s
performance.
Check if the mounting hardware is tightened correctly in place.
Check whether all string fuses in each non-grounded pole are working properly.
Please cover the front surface of modules with an opaque material during repairing. Modules
exposed to sunlight can generate high voltage, which is extremely dangerous.
Trina Solar PV modules are equipped with bypass diodes in the junction box to minimize module
heating and current losses.

Before cleaning, make sure to wear PPE, such as insulated protective gloves, protective glasses,
hard hats, safety insulated shoes, etc.
When using scaffolding, make sure that the scaffolding is in a stable position or with anti-dumping
measures, and that the installer should wear a safety belt in accordance with local building codes.
Do not stand on the modules or trackers for cleaning work.
Do not try to open the junction box to change the diodes even if they fail.
If the module is damaged (broken glass or scratches on the back sheet), it needs to be replaced.
It is necessary to wear cut-resistant gloves and other personal protective equipment for special
installations.
Make sure to isolate the impacted array string to prevent the current generation before attempting to
remove the module.
Use the relevant disconnect tool provided by the supplier to disconnect the connector of the affected
module.
Check the open circuit voltage of the array string and verify that the open circuit voltage of other
strings connected in parallel are within a range of 10V difference.
Turn the circuit breaker on again after checking.
Please also pay attention to other safety precautions listed at the beginning of this manual.

7.2 CONNECTOR AND CABLE INSPECTION

Inspect all cables to verify that they are firmly connected, avoid direct sunlight, and keep them
away from water areas.

21
It is recommended to check the connectors, torque of bolts, and the general condition of wiring at
least once a year. Also, check that mounting hardware is fastened in place. Loose connections will
result in damage to the array.

7.3 CLEANING

This manual covers the requirements for the cleaning procedures of Trina Solar PV modules.
Professional installers should read these guidelines carefully and strictly follow these instructions.
Failure to follow these instructions may result in death, injury, or property damage. Damages induced
by inappropriate cleaning procedures will void Trina Solar warranty.
The amount of electricity generated by a solar module is proportional to the amount of light captured.
A module with shaded cells generate less energy, and therefore, it is essential to keep PV modules
clean. The dirt such as bird droppings, leaves, dust is usually need to be cleaned.
When cleaning the modules, make sure that the temperature difference between the water and the
module is in the range of -5℃-10℃.
Use a dry or wet, soft and clean cloth, sponge, or soft bristled brush to wipe the photovoltaic module.
Please make sure that the cleaning tools do not wear out glass, EPDM, silicon, aluminum alloys or
steel.
If there is greasy dirt or other substances which are difficult to clean, conventional household glass
cleaning agents can be used. Pay attention not to use alkaline and strong acidic solvents, including
hydrofluoric acid, alkali, acetone.
For modules that are installed horizontally (0° tilt angle), they should be
cleaned more frequently, as they do not have "self-cleaning" function as
those installed at 10° or larger tilt angles.
The back surface of the monofacial module usually does not need to be
cleaned. When cleaning the back of the bifacial module, avoid any sharp
objects that may cause damage or penetrate the base material. The other
cleaning requirements are the same as the front-side.

Cleaning activities create risk of damaging the modules and array components, as well as
increasing the potential electric shock hazard.
Do not clean the modules during the hottest time of the day to avoid thermal stress on the modules.
Cracked or broken modules represent an electric shock hazard due to leakage currents, and the
risk of shock is increased when modules are wet. Before cleaning, thoroughly inspect modules for
cracks, damage, and loose connections.
During the daylight, the voltage and current present in the array are sufficient to cause a fatal
electric shock.
Please make sure that the array has been disconnected from other active components before
starting the cleaning.
Wear suitable protective clothing (clothes, insulating gloves, etc.) when cleaning the modules.
Do not immerse the module, partially or totally, in water or any other cleaning solution.
Do not use such as lubricants and organic solvents to clean the connectors.
Do not clean modules under the weather conditions of wind more than 4 class (in Beaufort scale),
heavy rain or heavy snow.
When cleaning the modules, it is forbidden to step on the modules, forbidden the injection of water
to the backside of the modules or cables. Please ensure that the connectors are clean and dry to
prevent electric shock and fire hazards.

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Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

Do not use steam cleaner.

For detailed requirements regarding cleaning, please refer to White Paper for PV Modules Operation
and Maintenance, available from https://www.trinasolar.com/en-glb/resources/downloads.
CLEANING METHODS

Method A: Compressed water

Requirement for water quality:
 PH: 5 ~7;
 Chloride and Salinity：0 - 3,000 mg/L
 Turbidity：0-30 NTU
 Conductivity：1500~3000 μs/cm
 Total dissolved solids (TDS)：≤1000 mg/L
 Water hardness (calcium and magnesium ions)：0-40 mg/L
 Non-alkaline water must be used; demineralized water shall be used when conditions are
available
 The maximum water pressure recommended is 4 MPa (40 bar)
Method B: Compressed Air
Trina Solar recommends using this method to clean the soft dirt (like dust) on modules. This
technique can be applied as long as the method is efficient enough to clean the modules
considering the on-site conditions.
Method C: Wet cleaning
If excessive soiling is present on the module surface, a non-conductive brush, sponge, or other
mild agitating method may be used with caution.
Please make sure that any brushes or agitating tools are constructed with non-conductive
materials to minimize risk of electric shock and that they are not abrasive to the glass or the
aluminum frame.
If grease is present, an environmentally friendly cleaning agent may be used with caution.
Method D: Cleaning robot
If a cleaning robot is used for dry cleaning, the brush material is required to be soft plastic material,
and the glass surface and aluminum alloy frame of the module will not be scratched during the
cleaning process and after cleaning. The weight of the cleaning robot should not to be too large. If
the cleaning robot is improperly used, and the resulting module damage and power attenuation are
not covered by Trina Solar’s warranty.

TROUBLE SHOOTING
If your PV system does not work normally after installation, please inform your installer immediately.
It is recommended to perform preventive inspections every six months, and do not change the
components of the modules without authorization. If electrical or mechanical performance inspection
or maintenance is required, they should be operated by qualified professionals to avoid any electric
shock or personal injury.

23
8 REPORTING TECHNICAL ISSUES AND CLAIMS
 Contact your installer
 Contact Trina Solar after sales service team at http://customerservice.trinasolar.com/.
 Submit the Customer Feedback Form at: http://customerservice.trinasolar.com/ and one of our
technical service representatives will contact you within 5 business days. A username and
password is required to send feedback from the customer service link.
 For module specifications or datasheets, please download from: http://www.trinasolar.com/.

AMENDED EDITIONS AND DATES

 Document No. UM-M-0002, Version 1.0, released in April 2021

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Trina Solar User Manual | Vertex Series Modules

APPENDIX A: TRACKERS COMPATIBILITY

The following tracker manufacturers and types are approved with Trina Solar modules.
Module type Tracker Company Tracker type Maximum Load
Vanguard™
Uplift load ≤ 1800 Pa
DEG19C.20 series Trina Solar Co., Ltd. (400 mounting holes Downforce load ≤ 1800 Pa
position)
NXH & NX100
DEG19C.20 series
Short Rail V2.4 Uplift load ≤ 1800 Pa
DE19 series Nextracker Inc.
(400 mounting holes Downforce load ≤ 1800 Pa
position)
DE18M(II) series Short Rail V2.4
Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
DEG19C.20 series Nextracker Inc. (400 mounting holes Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa
DE19 series position with bumper)

DEG18MC.20(II) series DuraTrack HZ v3 Uplift load ≤ 1400 Pa

Array Technologies Inc.
DEG19C.20 series (300 mm purlin) Downforce load ≤ 1400 Pa

DuraTrack HZ v3 Uplift load ≤ 1500 Pa

DEG18MC.20(II) series Array Technologies Inc.
(400 mm purlin) Downforce load ≤ 1500 Pa

DuraTrack HZ v3 Uplift load ≤ 1600 Pa

DEG19C.20 series Array Technologies Inc.
(400 mm purlin) Downforce load ≤ 1600 Pa

DEG18MC.20(II) series DuraTrack HZ v3 Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa

Array Technologies Inc.
DEG19C.20 series (600 mm purlin) Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa

Skyline
Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
DEG18MC.20(II) series Array Technologies Inc. (400 mm mounting holes Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa
position)
Skyline
Arctech Solar Holdings Uplift load ≤ 2100 Pa
DEG19C.20 series (400 mm mounting holes
Co., Ltd. Downforce load ≤ 2100 Pa
position)
Skyline
Arctech Solar Holdings Uplift load ≤ 1800 Pa
DE19 series (400 mm mounting holes
Co., Ltd. Downforce load ≤ 1800 Pa
position)
GENIUS TRACKER™ 1P Uplift load ≤ 1800 Pa
DEG19C.20 series GameChange Solar LP
(400 mm purlin) Downforce load ≤ 1800 Pa

Monoline™
PV HARDWARE Uplift load ≤ 2400 Pa
DEG18MC.20(II) series (400 mm mounting holes
SOLUTIONS, S.L.U Downforce load ≤ 2400 Pa
position)
Monoline™
PV HARDWARE Uplift load ≤ 1800 Pa
DEG19C.20 series (400 mm mounting holes
SOLUTIONS, S.L.U Downforce load ≤ 1800 Pa
position)
DEG19C.20 series (400 mm mounting holes Uplift load ≤ 1800 Pa
Soltigua
DE19 series position) Downforce load ≤ 1800 Pa

H4PLUS ™
DEG18MC.20(II) series IDEEMATEC Uplift load ≤ 1200 Pa
Deutschland GmbH (400 mm mounting holes Downforce load ≤ 1200 Pa
DEG19C.20 series
position)

NOTICE: All losses due to design changes or installation errors by the tracker manufacturers are
not covered by Trina Solar warranty.

25
天合光能有限公司
江苏省常州市新北区天合光伏园·天合路 2 号
Trina Solar Co., LtD.
2 Tianhe Road, Tianhe Photovoltaic Industrial Park, Xinbei District
Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China.

400 988 0000

解释权归天合光能有限公司所有
The Right Of Final Interpretation Belongs To Trina Solar