"@D

Integral Calculus Formula Sheet Case 1: 𝑑𝑢 𝑢 𝑢 + √𝑢 + − 𝑎 + Vertical Stripping 𝐴 = ∫"ED (𝑦𝑢 − 𝑦𝑙)𝑑𝑥
Central Colleges of the Philippines ∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛! 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛!,+ 𝑢 ∙ 𝑡𝑎𝑛+ 𝑢 Where: 𝑡𝑎𝑛+ 𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 + 𝑢 − 1 ∶ : = cosh,$ T U + 𝑐 = 𝑙𝑛 +𝑐 8'D
√𝑢 + − 𝑎 + 𝑎 𝑎 Horizontal Stripping 𝐴 = ∫8ED (𝑥𝑟 − 𝑥𝑙)𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑡 ! 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡 !,+ 𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑡 + 𝑢 Where: 𝑐𝑜𝑡 + 𝑢 = 𝑐𝑠𝑐 + 𝑢 − 1 𝑑𝑢 1 𝑢 1 𝑢
Properties of Indefinite & Basic Integration Case 2: : + = tanh,$ T U + 𝑐, |𝑢| < 𝑎 = coth,$ T U + 𝑐, |𝑢| > 𝑎 VOLUME
𝑎 − 𝑢+ 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 Disc Method
1. ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝑐 !$&
1 𝑎+𝑢
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 ! 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 !,+ 𝑢 ∙ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 + 𝑢 Where; 𝑠𝑒𝑐 !,+ 𝑢 = (1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛+ 𝑢) & "@D
2. ∫ 𝐾𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝐾 ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 𝐾𝑥 + 𝑐 !$& = 𝑙𝑛 [ [+𝑐 Vertical Stripping 𝑉 = 𝜋 ∫"ED (𝑦𝑢 − 𝑦𝑙)+ 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐 + 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑐𝑠𝑐 !,+ 𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑠𝑐 + 𝑢 Where: 𝑐𝑠𝑐 !,+ 𝑢 = (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 + 𝑢) 2𝑎 𝑎−𝑢
3. ∫[𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥) + ℎ(𝑥)]𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑔(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + ∫ ℎ(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 &
Integration by parts
8'D
Horizontal Stripping 𝑉 = 𝜋 ∫8ED (𝑥𝑟 − 𝑥𝑙)+ 𝑑𝑦
! " !"# Case 3: (higher even exponent) à case 2
4. ∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = + 𝑐 ; 𝑛 ≠ −1 Ring or Washer
!#$ : 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − : 𝑣𝑑𝑢
Generalized power Formula : 𝑠𝑒𝑐 ! 𝑢 ∙ 𝑡𝑎𝑛- 𝑢𝑑𝑢 𝑜𝑟 : 𝑐𝑠𝑐 ! 𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑡 - 𝑢𝑑𝑢 "@D
Vertical Stripping 𝑉 = 𝜋 ∫"ED (𝑦𝑢 + − 𝑦𝑙 + )𝑑𝑥
" !$# Miscellaneous Substitution 8'D
1. ∫ 𝑥! = + 𝑐 ; 𝑛 ≠ 0 Where n(exponent of sec & csc) are positive even integer, similar to Horizontal Stripping 𝑉 = 𝜋 ∫8ED (𝑥𝑟 + − 𝑥𝑙 + )𝑑𝑦
!#$ Part 1: Integration of rational functions of sine and cosine: Half
%(')!"# case 2 sec or csc are transformed
2. 𝑓(𝑢)! 𝑑[𝑓(𝑢)] = angle substitution Shell Method
!#$ Case 4: ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 ! 𝑢 ∙ 𝑡𝑎𝑛- 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = (𝑠𝑒𝑐 !,$ 𝑢 ∙ 𝑡𝑎𝑛-,$ 𝑢)(sec 𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑢) "@D
'$# 1 1 − 𝑧+ 2𝑧 2𝑑𝑧 Vertical Stripping 𝑉 = 2𝜋 ∫"ED 𝑋(𝑦𝑢 − 𝑦𝑙)𝑑𝑥
Integration of exponential function and constant function Then use 𝑡𝑎𝑛-,$ 𝑢 = (𝑠𝑒𝑐 + 𝑢 − 1) & 𝑧 = tan 𝑥 : cos 𝑥 = ∶ sin 𝑥 = ∶ 𝑑𝑥 =
1. ∫ 𝑒 = 𝑒 + 𝑐 / ∫ 𝑒 ' 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 ' + 𝑐
' ' 2 1 + 𝑧+ 1 + 𝑧+ 1 + 𝑧+ 8'D
Horizontal Stripping 𝑉 = 2𝜋 ∫8ED 𝑌(𝑥𝑟 − 𝑥𝑙)𝑑𝑦
)% : 𝑐𝑠𝑐 ! 𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑡 - 𝑢 = (𝑐𝑠𝑐 !,$ 𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑡 -,$ 𝑢)(csc 𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑢) Integration by Trigonometric substitution
'
2. ∫ 𝑎 𝑑𝑢 = *!) + 𝑐 Case 1: √𝑎 + − 𝑢 + Length of Arc
'$# 𝒙𝒓𝒑
Integrals yielding the natural Logarithmic function Then use 𝑐𝑜𝑡 -,$ 𝑢 = (𝑐𝑠𝑐 + 𝑢) & 𝑢 Vertical 𝑺 = ∫𝒙𝒍𝒑 c𝟏 + (𝒚F )𝟐 𝒅𝒙
(1) sin 𝜃 = → (2)𝑢 = asin 𝜃 → (3)𝑑𝑢 = acos 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
1 𝑑𝑢 Integration Formulas 𝑎 8'D
: 𝑑𝑢 = 𝐿𝑛(𝑢) + 𝑐 𝑜𝑟 : = 𝐿𝑛(𝑢) + 𝑐 Horizontal 𝑆 = ∫8ED c1 + (𝑥 F )+ 𝑑𝑦
𝑢 𝑢 1. ∫ sinh 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = cosh 𝑢 + 𝑐 √𝑎 + − 𝑢 +
Basic trigonometric Integration formula → (4) cos 𝜃 = → (5)c𝑎 + − 𝑢 + = acos 𝜃 CENTROID AREA
2. ∫ cosh 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = sinh 𝑢 + 𝑐 𝑎
1. ∫ sin 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = − cos 𝑢 + 𝑐 Vertical stripping
3. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ+ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = tanh 𝑢 + 𝑐 +
Case 2: √𝑎 + 𝑢 +
"@D "@D
1
2. ∫ cos 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = sin 𝑢 + 𝑐 4. ∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐ℎ+ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = − coth 𝑢 + 𝑐 𝑢 𝑀𝑦 = : 𝑋(𝑦𝑢 − 𝑦𝑙)𝑑𝑥 ∶ 𝑀𝑥 = : (𝑦𝑢 + − 𝑦𝑙 + )𝑑𝑥
(1) tan 𝜃 = → (2)𝑢 = atan 𝜃 → (3)𝑑𝑢 = 𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑐 + 𝜃𝑑𝜃 2
3. ∫ tan 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝐿𝑛 (sec 𝑢) + 𝑐 = −𝐿𝑛(cos 𝑢 + 𝑐 5. ∫ sech 𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = − sech 𝑢 + 𝑐 𝑎 "ED "ED
K8 K"
4. ∫ cot 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝐿𝑛 (sin 𝑢) + 𝑐 6. ∫ csch 𝑢 coth 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = − csch 𝑢 + 𝑐 √𝑎 + + 𝑢 + 𝑥= : 𝑦= : 𝐶(𝑥, 𝑦)
→ (4) sec 𝜃 = → (5)c𝑎 + + 𝑢 + = asec 𝜃 L L
5. ∫ sec 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝐿𝑛 (sec 𝑢 + tan 𝑢) + 𝑐 7. ∫ tanh 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = ln (cosh 𝑢) + 𝑐 𝑎 Horizontal Stripping
8'D 8'D
6. ∫ csc 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝐿𝑛 (csc 𝑢 − cot 𝑢) + 𝑐 8. ∫ coth 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = ln (sinh 𝑢) + 𝑐 Case 3: √𝒖𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐 1
7. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 + 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = tan 𝑢 + 𝑐 𝑢 𝑀𝑦 = : (𝑥𝑟 + − 𝑥𝑙 + )𝑑𝑦 ∶ 𝑀𝑥 = : 𝑌(𝑥𝑟 − 𝑥𝑙)𝑑𝑦
9. ∫ sech 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑡𝑎𝑛,$(𝑒 ' ) + 𝑐 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛,$ (sinh 𝑢) + 𝑐 (1) sec 𝜃 = → (2)𝑢 = asec 𝜃 → (3)𝑑𝑢 = asec 𝜃 tan 𝜃𝑑𝜃 8ED 2 8ED
8. ∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐 + 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = − cot 𝑢 + 𝑐 . % ,$ $ /012 ',$ 𝑎 𝑀𝑦 𝑀𝑥
10. ∫ csch 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑙𝑛 . %#$ + 𝑐 = + 𝑙𝑛 /012 '#$ + 𝑐 √𝑢 +, 𝑎 + 𝑥= ∶ 𝑦 = ∶ 𝐶(𝑥, 𝑦)
9. ∫ sec 𝑢 tan 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = sec 𝑢 + 𝑐 → (4) tan 𝜃 = → (5)c𝑢 +, 𝑎 + = atan 𝜃 𝐴 𝐴
10. ∫ csc 𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = − csc 𝑢 + 𝑐 Hyperbolic Identities 𝑎 AREA OF THE SURFACES REVOLUTION
Transformation of Trigo functions
1. ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ+ 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ+ 𝑥 = 1 Integration by partial fraction "@D
2. 1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛ℎ+ 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐ℎ+ 𝑥 Case 1: distinct denominator 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑆 = : 2𝜋𝑦c1 + (𝑦 F )+ 𝑑𝑥
Part 1:Powers of sine & cosine
Case1: (ODD) 3. 𝑐𝑜𝑡ℎ+ 𝑥 − 1 = 𝑐𝑠𝑐ℎ+ 𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) 𝐴 𝐵 𝑁 "ED
8'D
4. sinh(𝑥 ± 𝑦) = sinh 𝑥 cosh 𝑦 ± cosh 𝑥 cosh 𝑦 = + + ⋯+
∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛! 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛!,$ ∙ sin 𝑢 :∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ! 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 !,$ ∙ cos 𝑢 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑎$ 𝑥 + 𝑏$ 𝑎+ 𝑥 + 𝑏+ 𝑎! 𝑥 + 𝑏! 𝑦 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑆 = : 2𝜋𝑥c1 + (𝑥 F )+ 𝑑𝑦
Then use the identity 𝑠𝑖𝑛+ 𝑢 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 𝑢 = 1 5. 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ(𝑥 ± 𝑦) = cosh 𝑥 cosh 𝑦 ± sinh 𝑥 sinh 𝑦 Case 2: repeated denominator 8ED
3452 " ±3452 8 CENTROIDS OF VOLUME
Case 2: (EVEN) 6. tanh(𝑥 ± 𝑦) = 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝑁
$±3452 " 3452 8 + + + ⋯+ "M
! $ 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)+ (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)< (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)! Find 𝑉$ → 𝑉$ 𝐶 = 𝑥𝑉$ → 𝐶 = # 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑦
∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛! 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛! 𝑢(𝑠𝑖𝑛+ 𝑢) Then use: 𝑠𝑖𝑛+ 𝑢 = + (1 − cos 2𝑢)
& 7. 2 sinh 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ 𝑥 = sinh 2𝑥 M#
! 8. 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ+ 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ+ 𝑥 = cosh 2𝑥 Case 3:Distinct quadratic 𝑥𝑦
! ! + + $
∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑢(𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑢) Then use: 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑢 = + (1 + cos 2𝑢) 𝑓(𝑥) 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷 𝑉$ 𝐶 = 𝑦𝑉$ → 𝐶 = 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑥
&
9. 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ+ 𝑥 =
/012 +",$ 𝑉$
= 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑥 + ⋯
Case 3: (ODD) Case 1 +
/012 +"#$
𝑔(𝑥) 𝑎$ 𝑥 + + 𝑏$ 𝑥 + 𝑐$ 𝑎+ 𝑥 + + 𝑏+ 𝑥 + 𝑐+ Second Moment of Inertia
a. If n is ODD with m is EVEN 10. 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ+ 𝑥 = 𝑀𝑥 + 𝑁 8'D
About x 𝐼𝑥 = ∫8ED 𝑦 + (𝑥𝑟 − 𝑥𝑙)𝑑𝑦
+ + 𝑑𝑥
1. 𝑠𝑖𝑛! 𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 - 𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛!,$ ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 - 𝑢(sin 𝑢) 11. cosh 𝑥 + sinh 𝑥 = 𝑒 " 𝑎$ 𝑥 + + 𝑏$ 𝑥 + 𝑐 "@D
About y 𝐼𝑦 = ∫"ED 𝑥 + (𝑦𝑢 − 𝑦𝑙)𝑑𝑥
b. If m is ODD with n is EVEN 12. cosh 𝑥 − sinh 𝑥 = 𝑒 ,"
2. 𝑠𝑖𝑛! 𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 - 𝑢 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛! 𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 -,$ 𝑢(cos 𝑢) 13. sinh 2𝑥 = 2 sinh 𝑥 cosh 𝑥 Case 4: repeated quadratic 𝐼𝑜 = 𝐼𝑥 + 𝐼𝑦
Case 4: (EVEN) Case 2 ∫ 𝑠𝑖𝑛! 𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 - 𝑢𝑑𝑢 14. cosh 2𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ+ 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ+ 𝑥 𝐴$ 𝑥 + 𝐵$ 𝐴+ 𝑥 + 𝐵$ 𝐴! 𝑥 + 𝐵! Radius of Gyration
$ $ + + ⋯+
𝑠𝑖𝑛+ 𝑢 = (1 − cos 2𝑢) : 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 𝑢 = (1 + cos 2𝑢) Formula of integrals yielding inverse trigo function: 𝑎𝑥 + + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 (𝑎𝑥 + + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)+ (𝑎𝑥 + + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐)! 𝐼𝑥 𝐼𝑦 𝐼𝑜
+ + 9' '
Definite Integrals 𝑅𝑥 = { ∶ 𝑅𝑦 = { ∶ 𝑅𝑜 = {
Case 5: 1. ∫ √)&,'& = sin,$ T)U + 𝑐 𝐴 𝐴 𝐴
=
1 9' $ ' 1. ∫) 𝑓(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = 𝐹(𝑏) − 𝐹(𝑎)
1. : 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑢 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑏𝑢𝑑𝑢 = [𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑢 + 𝑏𝑢) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑢 − 𝑏𝑢)] 2. ∫ )&#'& = ) tan,$ T) U + 𝑐 Work 𝑊 = ∫ 𝑘𝑥𝑑𝑥 → 𝐹 = 𝑘𝑤
2 9' $ '
WALLIS FORMULA FLUID PRESSURE AND FORCES
1 3. ∫ '√'&,)& = ) sec ,$ T)U + 𝑐 AB (-,$)(-,<)…(+?@$)…(!,$)(!,<)(+ ?@ $)
2. : cos 𝑎𝑢 ∙ cos 𝑏𝑢𝑑𝑢 = [cos(𝑎𝑢 + 𝑏𝑢) + cos(𝑎𝑢 − 𝑏𝑢)] a. ∫C + 𝑠𝑖𝑛- 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 ! 𝑥𝑑𝑥= (-#!)(-#!,+)…(+ ?@ $)
∙𝑎 𝐹 = ∫ 𝑤ℎ𝐴 -> 𝐹 = ∫ 𝑤ℎ(𝑝𝑦)𝑑𝑦
2 Formula of integrals yielding inverse hyperbolic function 𝜋
1 9' ' '#√'& #)& 𝑎 = , 𝑖𝑓 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
3. : sin 𝑎𝑢 ∙ sin 𝑏𝑢𝑑𝑢 = [− cos(𝑎𝑢 + 𝑏𝑢) + cos(𝑎𝑢 − 𝑏𝑢)] ∫ √'&#)& = sinh,$ T)U + 𝑐 = 𝑙𝑛 +𝑐 2
2 )
𝑎 = 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑑𝑑
Part 2: Powers of tangent & secant (cotangent & cosecant)
AREA