SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER 2021-22

TERM II
SOCIAL SCIENCE (CODE 087)
CLASS X
Time Allowed: 2 hours MM: 40

General Instructions:

1. This Question paper is divided into five sections- Section A, B, C, D,

and E.
2. All questions are compulsory.
3. Section A: Question no. 1 to 5 are very short answer type questions of 2
marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 40 words.
4. Section B: Question no. 6 to 8 are short answer type questions, carrying 3
marks each.
5. Section C: Question no. 9 and 10 are long answer type questions, carrying
5 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
6. Section D: Question no. 11 and 12 are Case Based questions.
7. Section E: Question no. 13 is map based, carrying 3 marks with two parts,
13.1 from History (1 mark) and 13.2 from Geography (2 marks).
8. There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice
has been provided in a few questions. Only one of the choices in such
questions have to be attempted.
9. In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and
question wherever necessary.
 SECTION- A

Very Short Answer Questions

2 x 5 = 10
1. Agriculture and industries are complementary
to each other. Justify this statement.
1. Agriculture and industries are complementary
to each other. Justify this statement.

ANSWER

Agriculture and industry move hand in hand. The

development of either sector boost the development of
the other sector.

For example: the agro-industries in India have given a

major boost to agriculture by raising its productivity,
whereas the industries are dependent on agriculture for
raw materials and to sell their products such as
irrigation pumps, fertilisers, insecticides, etc.
2. Satyagraha was a new concept introduced
by Gandhi. What is the essence of this
concept?
2. Satyagraha was a new concept introduced
by Gandhi. What is the essence of this
concept?

ANSWER

● The word Satyagraha is formed of two words,

'Satya', meaning 'truth' and 'Agraha', meaning,
‘holding on to that truth.’ This was a novel method
of mass agitation, which emphasised upon the
need to search for the truth.

● It was based on the principle of truth, non-violence,

tolerance and peaceful protests.

● Gandhiji believed that if the cause is true, if the

struggle is against injustice, then physical force
was not necessary to fight the oppressor.
3. Define nationalisation along with an
example.
3. Define nationalisation along with an
example.

ANSWER

● Nationalisation is the process in which the

government takes the control of privately owned
companies, industries, or assets.

● For example: The air transport in India was

nationalised in 1953.
4. Who designed the Swaraj flag ? Which colours
were included in it?
4. Who designed the Swaraj flag ? Which colours
were included in it?

ANSWER

● Gandhiji designed the swaraj flag.

● It was a tricolour – red, green and white and

had a spinning wheel in the centre,
representing the Gandhian ideal of self-help.
5. Study the data given on production of steel in
India and China in the last few years and answer
the questions that follow:
5.1 Why has the production of steel not increased in India
when compared to China?

ANSWER

India is not able to achieve its full potential because of

the following reasons:

● Lower productivity of labour

● Irregular supply of energy

5.2 Which region in India has the highest concentration of

Iron and Steel industries?

ANSWER

The Chota Nagpur plateau region has the maximum

concentration of iron and steel industries.
 SECTION- B

Short Answer Type Questions

3x3=9
6. Why do we need to expand formal sources of
credit in India? Explain.
 6. Why do we need to expand formal sources of credit
in India? Explain.

ANSWER

We need to expand formal sources of credit in India are:

● To save people from the exploitation of Informal

sector

● Formal charge a low interest on loans.

● To save from debt trap.

● It provides cheap and affordable credit.

● RBI also supervises the formal sector credit through

various rules and regulations which ensures that
banks give loans to small cultivators, small borrowers,
etc. and not just to profit making business and
traders.
OR

6. Why do banks and cooperative societies

need to lend more? Explain.
 6. Why do banks and cooperative societies need to lend
more? Explain.

ANSWER

Banks and cooperative societies need to lend more

because:

● This would lead to higher incomes

● People could borrow cheaply for a variety of needs.

● They could grow crops and set up small-scale

industries etc.

● Cheap and affordable credit is crucial for the

country’s development.

● To save and reduce the dependence on informal

sources of credit

● It is important that the formal credit is distributed

more equally so that the poor can benefit from the
cheaper loans.
7. Describe the role of Political Parties in India
7. Describe the role of Political Parties in India

ANSWER

Role of political parties:

● Parties contest election

● Parties put forward different policies and

programmes

● Parties form and run the govt.

● Parties that lose in the election play the role of

opposition

● Parties shape public opinion

● Parties provide people access to govt. Machinery and

welfare schemes.
8. “Respect and equal treatment of women are
necessary ingredients of a democratic society.”
Examine the statement.
 8. “Respect and equal treatment of women are necessary
ingredients of a democratic society.” Examine the
statement.

ANSWER

Democracy is based on political, social, and economic, equality.

Providing only political equality to women is not sufficient.
Protection of the human rights of the citizens is also one of the
most important features of democracy. Women are equal citizens
and therefore should be given equal treatment and respect in
society. That is why most democratic nations provide the
following:

- Economic independence or access to an inherited or

self-generated income is considered to be the major means
of empowering women.

- Equal political and civil rights as men.

- Ways of autonomy and freedom.

 SECTION- C

Long Answer Type Questions

5 x 2 = 10
9. “International trade is considered the economic
barometer of the country.” Justify this statement with
arguments.
9. “International trade is considered the economic
barometer of the country.” Justify this statement with
arguments.

ANSWER

● As resources are limited, no country can survive without

international trade.

● Goods and resources possessed by one country are

required by other and vice-versa. These differences
create conditions for international trade.

● Foreign trade has helped India to improve its

productivity of manufactured goods. International
trades contributes to India’s economic growth, raising
income levels of people.

● In recent years, exchange of information and knowledge

has benefitted in greater exchange of goods across
states and countries.

● India has emerged as a software giant at the

international level and it is earning large foreign
exchange through the export of information
technology.
OR

9. How has foreign trade been integrating markets of

different countries? Explain with examples.
9. How has foreign trade been integrating markets
of different countries? Explain with examples.

ANSWER

● Foreign trade- It is the exchange of capital, goods, and

services across international borders or territories.

● It creates an opportunity for the producers to reach beyond

the domestic markets, i.e., markets of their own countries.
Similarly, for the buyers, import of goods produced in
another country is one way of expanding the choice of goods
beyond what is domestically produced.

● Choice of goods in the markets rises. Prices of similar goods

in the two markets tend to become equal. And, producers in
the two countries now closely compete against each other
even though they are separated by thousands of miles.
Hence, foreign trade thus results in connecting the markets
or integration of markets in different countries

EXAMPLE: Volkswagen, a German automobile company, is the

biggest German automaker. It came to India in 2007 and had
recorded sales of 32,627 vehicles in the year 2010. Volkswagen, by
launching various models of cars in India, has broadened choices of
people in the automobile sector.
10. “Nationalism spreads when people begin to
believe that they are all part of the same nation.”
Justify the statement.
10. “Nationalism spreads when people begin to
believe that they are all part of the same nation.”
Justify the statement.

ANSWER

● United Struggle- different religious groups and

communities unitedly struggled against the British rule.

● Cultural processes- unity spread through various

cultural processes like history, folklore, songs and
symbols that helped in spread of nationalism.

● Common identity- The painting of ‘Bharat Mata’ was

commonly identified as motherland and affected the
people equally.

● Revival of Indian Folklore- Reviving the folklore through

folk songs, legends helped in promoting traditional
culture and restore a sense of pride in the past history
and culture.

● Role of the leaders- Leaders like' Mahatma Gandhi,

Jawaharlal Nehru aroused the feelings of nationalism
through their motivational speeches and political
activities.
OR

10. “Dalit participation was limited in the Civil

Disobedience Movement”. Examine the statement.
 ANSWER

● The abstract concept of Swaraj did not move the nation’s

untouchables. They had begun to call themselves dalit or
oppressed from around 1930s.

● For the long time, the Congress had ignored the dalits for
fear of offending the Sanatanis, the conservative high
caste Hindus.

● Dalit leaders believed in a different political solution to the

problem of their community.

● Dalits thought that only political empowerment would

resolve their problem of social disabilities.

● They began organising themselves, demanding reserves

seats in educational institutions and a separate
electorate that would choose their Dalit members for
Legislative councils.

● Dr. B.R. Ambedkar demanded separate electorate for Dalits

which was denied by Gandhiji.

● Dalit movement continued to be apprehensive of the

Congress led national movement & their participation was
limited.
 SECTION- D

Case Based Questions

4x2=8
 11. Read the given text and answer the following questions:

Today, the world has been converted into a large village with the help of efficient and fast moving transport.
Transport has been able to achieve this with the help of equally developed communication system. Therefore,
transport, communication and trade are complementary to each other.
Today, India is well-linked with the rest of the world despite its vast size, diversity and linguistic and socio-cultural
plurality. Railways, airways, waterways, newspapers, radio, television, cinema and internet, etc. have been
contributing to its socio-economic progress in many ways.

The trades from local to international levels have added to the vitality of its economy. It has enriched our life and
added substantially to growing amenities and facilities for the comforts of life. It is thus, evident that a dense and
efficient network of transport and communication is a prerequisite for local, national and global trade of today.

11.1. Define trade.

11.2. Infer the importance of means of transportation and communication for socio- economic
progress?

11.3. How does trade strengthen the economy of a country?

 11.1. Define trade.

ANSWER

Trade refers to buying and selling of goods and services

amongst the nations.

11.2. Infer the importance of means of

transportation and communication for socio-
economic progress?

ANSWER

Transport has an indispensable role in trade. Trade and

communication remove difficulties present in facilitating
goods and services across the globe. And helps in
socio-economic progress.
11.3. How does trade strengthen the economy of a
country?

ANSWER

● Trade between nation and countries are the

index to its economic prosperity.

● It generates employment.

● It Helps in earning foreign exchange.

 12. Read the given text and answer the following questions:

Source A: Democracy is Accountable

There are some things that democracy must provide. In a democracy, we are most concerned with ensuring that people will have the right to choose their
rulers and people will have control over the rulers. Whenever possible and necessary, citizens should be able to participate in decision making, that affects
them all. Therefore, the most basic outcome of democracy should be that it produces a government that is accountable to the citizens, and responsive to the
needs and expectations of the citizens.

Source B: Transparency in Accountable

Let us think in terms of costs. Imagine a government that may take decisions very fast. But it may take
decisions that are not accepted by the people and may therefore face problems. In contrast, the democratic government will take more time to follow
procedures before arriving at a decision. But because it has followed procedures, its decisions may be both more acceptable to the people and more
effective. So, a citizen who wants to know if a decision was taken through the correct procedures can find this out. She has the right and the means to
examine the process of decision making. This is known as transparency. This factor is often missing from a non-democratic government. Therefore, when
we are trying to find out the outcomes of democracy, it is right to expect democracy to produce a government that follows procedures and is accountable to
the people.

Source C: Democracy is Better than non-Democracy

Democracies have had greater success in setting up regular and free elections and in setting up conditions for open public debate. But most democracies
fall short of elections that provide a fair chance to everyone and in subjecting every decision to public debate. Democratic governments do not have a very
good record when it comes to sharing information with citizens. All one can say in favour of democratic regimes is that they are much better than any
non-democratic regime in these respects.

12.1. Evaluate the effectiveness of accountability of democracy.

12.2. To what extent democracy is transparent? Give reasons.
12.3. To what extent democracy is better than non-democracy?
 12.1. Evaluate the effectiveness of accountability of
democracy.

ANSWER

In democracy people have the right to choose their

rulers and have control over them. In this way, citizen are
able to participate in decision making procedure. Thus,
democracy produces a government that is accountable
to its citizen.

12.2. To what extent democracy is transparent? Give

reasons.
ANSWER

In a democracy, citizen has the rights & means to

examine the process of decision-making and it is known
as transparency. This is not available in non-democratic
regime.

In democracy, government develops mechanism for

citizens to take part in decision-making when it is
possible. To this extent democracy is transparent.
 12.3. To what extent democracy is better than
Democracy is a best form of non-democracy?
government because of the following
reasons:
A democratic government is a better
government because it is an ANSWER
accountable form of government.
Democracy is better than the non-democratic
government because in a democracy people get free and
Democracy improves the quality of fair elections through which they apply their rights to
decision making. choose their leaders.

Democracy provides a method to deal

with differences and conflicts.

Democracy enhances the dignity of

citizens.
 SECTION- E

Map Skill Based Question

1x3=3
13.1. On the given outline Political Map of India, identify the
place marked as A with the help of following information and
write its correct name on the line marked near it.

A) Identify the place where a session of Indian National

Congress was held in December 1920.

A
13.2. 13.2 On the same given map of India, locate the
following:
(I) Singrauli Thermal Plant OR

Paradip Port
(II) Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Airport
MOCK QUESTION
PAPER (2)
 SECTION- A

Very Short Answer Questions

2 x 5 = 10
1. Write two significance of the border roads?
 ANSWER

● Border roads have improved accessibility in areas

of difficult terrain in the Northeastern and
Northern border areas.

● Border Roads have helped in the economic

development of Northern and Northeastern border
areas.

● People living in border areas will have more access

to healthcare facilities, education, and many other
facilities when border roads are developed.

● It will also help in developing the tourism sector.

2. Why do banks or lenders demand collateral
against loans?
 ANSWER

Collateral is an asset that borrower owns (such as land,

building, vehicle, livestocks, etc.). The collateral can be
anything that has monetary value in it.
The banks or lenders demands the collateral for
following purpose:

- As a guarantee to a lender until the loan is repaid.

- In case of Default i.e. unable to pay a loan, the

lender can sell it or use it.
3. Study the table given below and answer the
questions that follow:

a) If we consider all democracies and all

dictatorships for the fifty years between 1950
and 2000, what does the data given in the
table show?

b) Which type of regime would people prefer if

economic growth is the sole aim?
 ANSWER

a) The data shows that on an average

dictatorial regimes have had a slightly
better record of economic growth.

b) If economic growth is the sole aim of the

people they would prefer a dictatorial
regime than a democratic government.
4. Give one difference between United
Progressive Alliance and National Democratic
Alliance.
 ANSWER

The National Democratic Alliance is a

centre-right coalition of political parties led by
Bhartiya Janta Party, while United Progressive
Alliance is a coalition of centrist and left political
parties led by Indian National Congress.
5. Where would it be economically viable to
set up the cement manufacturing units?
 ANSWER

Cement manufacturing units should be established near

the areas where the raw materials are available in bulk.

It would be economically viable to set up the cement

manufacturing units in Gujarat because this industry
requires bulky and heavy raw materials like limestone,
silica, alumina and gypsum.

Coal and electric power are needed apart from rail

transportation.

Gujarat has strategically located plants that have suitable

access to the market in the Gulf countries.
 SECTION- B

Short Answer Type Questions

3x3=9
6. Why are the means of transportation and
communication called the lifelines of national
economy ? Give any three reasons to support
your answer.
 ANSWER

Means of transport and communication are called

lifelines of national economy because they put life into
nations economy. Means of transport provide seamless
movement of goods and people and thus facilitate
various economic activities. Means of communication
help in flow of information which is necessary for proper
management of supply chain and financial transactions.

● It links interior regions to other parts of the

country. This helps in utilisation of resources.

● It helps in the process of industrialisation and

urbanisation.

● It transports goods from one place to another.

● It minimise the effects of natural disasters.

● It enables easy movement of people across regions.

6. “Efficient means of transport are
prerequisites for fast development of the
country”. Support the statement with
examples.
 ANSWER

A country's development depends on the production of

goods and services, and these goods and services need to
be transported to their demand location, thus an efficient
means of transport is essential, as:

● Raw materials can reach factories within less time

with faster transportation.

● Movement of goods & services from their supply

locations to demand locations necessitates the need
for transport.

● Mobility of labour force also increases, which in turn

increases their productivity.

● They help to transport perishable goods to the

market on time.
7. Why did Mahatma Gandhi decide to launch
a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed
Rowlatt Act, 1919? Explain any three reasons.
 ANSWER

Gandhiji decided to launch a nationwide satyagraha

against the proposed Rowlatt Act (1919) because of the
following reasons:

● The Act had been hurriedly passed through the

Imperial Legislative Council despite the united
opposition of the Indian members.

● It gave the government enormous powers to

repress political activities.

● It allowed detention of political prisoners without

trial for two years.
8. What would happen if Government of India
puts heavy tax on import of Chinese toys?
Explain any three points.
 ANSWER

● The Chinese toys will become expensive and may

be people will not buy them and, thus, the
Chinese toys will lose their market in India.

● People in India, will buy local made goods (toys)

and the local industries will get a boost and their
sale will also go up.

● As there would be greater demand of Indian

goods, the Indian, manufacturers, then, will earn
more profits and workers will get more
employment.
 SECTION- C

Long Answer Type Questions

5 x 2 = 10
9. Why can’t modern democracies exist
without the political parties? Explain
reasons.
 ANSWER
Existence of political parties in a representative democracy
ensures that the country runs as per its policies and ideologies
and has a responsive and accountable government which is
answerable to its people.

Without political parties democracies cannot exist.

- If we do not have political parties, then every candidate in

elections will be independent, and will be accountable to
their constituency for what they do in the locality.

- No one will be able to make any promises to the people

about any major policy changes.

- The government may be formed but its utility will remain

uncertain.

- The role of opposition necessitates the existence of

political parties.

- As society grows larger and more complex, agencies are

needed to gather various points of view on various issues
and present them to the government.
9. What is a Political Party? Suggest three
reforms to strengthen today’s political parties
so that they perform their functions well.
 ANSWER

Political Party:

● A political party is a group of people who come together to

contest elections and hold power in the government. They agree
on some policies and programs for the society with a view to
promote the collective good.

● They try to persuade people as to why their policies are better

than others, seek to implement these policies by winning popular
support through elections. Political parties have three
components – the leaders, active members and followers.

Suggestions:

● A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political

parties. It should be made compulsory for political parties to
maintain a register of its members, to follow its own constitution
etc.

● It should be made mandatory for political parties to give a

minimum number of tickets, about one-third, to women
candidates. Similarly, there should be a quota for women in the
decision making bodies of the party.

● There should be state funding of elections. The government

should give parties money to support their election expenses.
10. How does democracy produce an
accountable, responsive and legitimate
government? Discuss by giving five reasons.
 ANSWER

● In a democracy people have the right to elect their rulers and

participate in decision making that affects them all.
Government thus, is accountable to the citizens and
responsive to their needs and expectations.

● Democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and

negotiation, though it results in delays. It ensures that
decision making is based on norms and procedures and
allows transparency. Develops mechanisms for citizens to
hold the government accountable.

● Set up following practices and institutions: regular, free and

fair elections; open public debate on major policies and
legislations; and citizens’ right to information about the
government and its functioning.

● It may be reasonable to expect from democracy a

government that is attentive to the needs and demands of
the people and is largely free of corruption. Though the
record of democracies is not impressive on these two counts.

● Democratic government is a legitimate government. It may be

slow, less efficient, not always very responsive or clean, but is
people’s own government. People wish to be ruled by
representatives elected by them.
OR

10. Democracies are not appearing to be very

successful in reducing economic inequalities.’
Analyse the statement.
 ANSWER

● A small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly

disproportionate share of wealth and incomes. Their
share in the total income of the country has been
increasing.

● The have-nots lead a frugal life & they have very little to
depend upon. Their incomes have been declining and
they find it difficult to meet their basic needs of life.

● According to a recent report, India is the second most

unequal country in the world with 54% wealth controlled
by millionaires.

● The poor constitute a large population of voters. No

party wants to lose their votes but they do not seem very
interested in addressing the question of poverty.

● People in several poor countries are dependent on rich

countries for food with Bangladesh being the worst with
half of its population living in poverty.
 SECTION- D

Case Based Questions

4x2=8
 11. Read the given text and answer the following questions:

On 6 January 1921, the police in United Provinces fired at peasants near Rae Bareli. Jawaharlal Nehru
wanted to go to the place of firing, but was stopped by the police. Agitated and angry, Nehru addressed the
peasants who gathered around him. This is how he later described the meeting:

‘They behaved as brave men, calm and unruffled in the face of danger. I do not know how they felt but I know
what my feelings were. For a moment my blood was up, non-violence was almost forgotten – but for a moment
only. The thought of the great leader, who by God’s goodness has been sent to lead us to victory, came to me,
and I saw the kisans seated and standing near me, less excited, more peaceful than I was – and the moment of
weakness passed, I spoke to them in all humility on non-violence – I needed the lesson more than they – and
they heeded me and peacefully dispersed.’

11.1. How did the peasants who gathered around Nehru near Rae Bareli behave when he
addressed then?

11.2. To what extent do you feel that the demands of the peasants of Rae Bareli were correct?

11.3. Explain what did Nehru mean when he said. “I needed the lesson more than they.”
11.1. How did the peasants who gathered around Nehru
near Rae Bareli behave when he addressed then?

ANSWER

The peasants behaved as cool, calm and brave men. They

peacefully heard him address them. They were not excited or
angry.

11.2. To what extent do you feel that the demands of the

peasants of Rae Bareli were correct?

ANSWER

The peasants of Rae Bareli strongly protested against

corruptions, exploitation, etc., and held meetings at different
places.

They protested peacefully. But British Police opened fired to

them.
11.3. Explain what did Nehru mean when he said. “I
needed the lesson more than they.”

ANSWER

The peasants gathered around Nehru were calm

and peaceful to hear him address them. Nehru
meant to say that inspite of brutal and displeased
behavior of police the peasants remained peaceful.
On the other hand he had forgotten nonviolence
totally at that moment and he was very agitated and
disturbed. The peasants taught him a lesson that he
was supposed to have being their leader.
 12. Read the given text and answer the following questions:

In general, MNCs set up production where it is close to the markets; where there is skilled and unskilled labour available at low costs; and where the
availability of other factors of production is assured. In addition, MNCs might look for government policies that look after their interests.

Having assured themselves of these conditions, MNCs set up factories and offices for production. The money that is spent to buy assets such as land,
building, machines and other equipment is called investment. Investment made by MNCs is called foreign investment. Any investment is made with
the hope that these assets will earn profits.

At times, MNCs set up production jointly with some of the local companies of these countries. The benefit to the local company of such joint
production is two-fold. First, MNCs can provide money for additional investments, like buying new machines for faster production. Second, MNCs
might bring with them the latest technology for production.

But the most common route for MNC investments is to buy up local companies and then to expand production. MNCs with huge wealth can quite
easily do so. To take an example, Cargill Foods, a very large American MNC, has bought over smaller Indian companies such as
Parakh Foods. Parakh Foods had built a large marketing network in various parts of India, where its brand was well-reputed. Also, Parakh Foods
had four oil refineries, whose control has now shifted to Cargill. Cargill is now the largest producer of edible oil in India, with a capacity to make 5
million pouches daily.

12.1. Examine any two conditions which should be taken care of by multinational companies to set up
their production units.

12.2. What is the difference between investment and foreign investment?

12.3. What is the common route for MNCs investments? Give an example.
12.1. Examine any two conditions which should be
taken care of by multinational companies to set up
their production units.

ANSWER

● Proximity to the markets as it helps them to sell

products easily.
● Availability of skilled & unskilled labourers at cheap rate
which helps them in cutting costs and aids in
production work.

12.2. What is the difference between investment and

foreign investment?

ANSWER

The money that is spent to buy assets such as land,

building, machines and other equipment is called
investment.

Foreign investment: It involves capital flows from one

country to another, granting extensive ownership stakes
in domestic companies and assets.
12.3. What is the common route for MNCs investments?
Give an example.

ANSWER

The common route for MNCs investments is to buy up local

companies and then to expand production. MNCs with
huge wealth can quite easily do so.

Example: Cargill Foods, a very large American MNC, has

bought over smaller Indian companies such as Parakh
Food.
 SECTION- E

Map Skill Based Question

1x3=3
13.1. On the given outline Political Map of India, identify the
place marked as A with the help of following information and
write its correct name on the line marked near it.

A) The city associated with the Jallianwala Bagh incident.

A
13.2. 13.2 On the same given map of India, locate the
following:
(I) Durgapur- Iron and Steel Plant
OR
Kochi Port

(II) Gandhinagar Software Technology Park

MOCK QUESTION
PAPER (3)
 SECTION- A

Very Short Answer Questions

2 x 5 = 10
1. Prove with an argument that there is a
great need to expand formal sources of credit
in rural India.
 ANSWER

There is great need to expand formal sources

of credit in rural India because:

● There is no organisation that supervises

the credit activities of lenders in the
informal sector.

● Rural money-lenders use unfair means to

get their money back.
2. Differentiate between one party and
two-party systems.
 One Party System Two Party System

a. Countries where only a. Countries where only

one party is allowed two main parties
to control and run contest elections are
the government are called Two Party
called one party System.
system.

b. Eg. In China only

Communist Party is b. The United States of
allowed to rule. America and United
Kingdom are
examples of Two
Party System.
3. Study the table given below and answer the
questions that follow:

a) According to the given data, which country

does not prefer democracy over dictatorship?

b) “The people prefer a democratic form of

government.” Give any one reason to support
this statement.
 ANSWER

a) Pakistan does not prefer democracy over

dictatorship.

b) The people prefer a democratic form of

government as it enhances the dignity of
the individuals.
4. What is Martial Law? What role did it play
in the Jallianwala Bagh incident?
 ANSWER

● Martial law: It is system in which military

authority has the power to take control of
the normal administration of justice.

● The martial law imposed by General Dyer in

Amritsar deprived the people of the
following rights:

- Right of assembly

- Right to protest
5. Classify roads on the basis of the type of
material used for their construction.
 ANSWER

On the basis of material used roads can be

classified into:

● Metalled roads: These may be made of

cement, concrete or bitumen. These are
all-weather roads.

● Unmetalled roads: These are dusty and

muddy tracks which go out of use in the
rainy season.
 SECTION- B

Short Answer Type Questions

3x3=9
6. Imagine yourself to be XYZ, a member of a
women Self- Help Group. Analyse the ways
through which your group provides loans to
the members.
 ANSWER

● Self help groups pool their savings.

● A typical SHG has 15-20 members, usually

belonging to one neighbourhood, who meet and
save regularly.

● Saving per member varies from Rs. 25 to Rs. 100 or

more, depending on the ability of the people to
save.

● Members can take small loans from the group itself

to meet their needs.

● The group charges interest on these loans but this

is still less than what the moneylender charges.
6. Explain the term debt-trap. Why is it more
rampant in rural areas? Give two reasons.
 ANSWER

A debt trap is a situation in which a borrower is led into a

cycle of re-borrowing because they are unable to repay the
loan.

It is more common in rural areas because:

● A borrower repays a loan by selling the agricultural

produce, which sometimes may not be enough to
repay the loan.

● Rural borrowers normally depend on informal

sources of credit who charge a high rate of interest.
This repayment of larger amounts may sometimes be
larger than their income.

Thus, it can be concluded that loans from banks always

help to raise people’s earning capacity.
7. Distinguish between National Highways and
State Highways.
 National Highways State Highways

These link a State

These link extreme parts
capital with different
of the country.
district headquarters.

Constructed and Constructed and

maintained by Central maintained by State
Public Works Public Works
Department. Department.

Have their importance in

Have National
the development of
importance
states and districts.
8. Explain how globalisation can be made
fairer.
 ANSWER

● Policies should be made in such a way that they

protect the interests of not only the rich and
prosperous producers but also the workers.

● The government can negotiate with World Trade

Organisation for fairer rules and can align with
developing countries to stand against the
domination of developed countries.

● Equal space should be provided to both developed

and developing economies to explore the market and
compete.
 SECTION- C

Long Answer Type Questions

5 x 2 = 10
9. How did people belonging to different
communities, regions or language groups
develop a sense of collective belonging in
19th century India? Explain.
 ANSWER

- The identity of the nation is most often symbolised

with the image of Bharat Mata.

- Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote ‘Vande

Matram’ as a hymn to the motherland.

- Moved by the Swadeshi movement, Abindranath

Tagore painted Bharat Mata and portrayed as an
ascetic figure; she is calm, composed, divine and
spiritual.

- Ideas of nationalism also developed through a

movement to revive Indian folklore.

- Icons and symbols in unifying people and inspiring in

them a feeling of nationalism.

- During the Swadeshi movement in Bengal, a tricolour

flag (red, green and yellow) was designed.

- Reinterpretation of history that to instill a sense of

pride in the nation.
9. Explain the meaning and notion of ‘Swaraj’
as perceived by the plantation workers. How
did they respond to the call of the Non-
Cooperation Movement?
 ANSWER

For plantation workers in Assam, Swaraj meant the right

to move freely in and out of the confined space in which
they were enclosed, and it meant retaining a link with the
village from which they had come.

- Under the Inland Emigration Act of 1859, plantation

workers were not permitted to leave the tea
gardens without permission, and in fact they were
rarely given such permission.

- When they heard of the Non-Cooperation

Movement, thousands of workers defied the
authorities, left the plantations, and headed home.

- They believed that Gandhi Raj was coming, and

everyone would be given land in their own villages.

- They, however, never reached their destination.

Stranded on the way by a railway and steamer
strike, they were caught by the police and brutally
beaten up.
10. In recent years how our markets have
been transformed? Explain with examples.
 ANSWER

Markets been transformed in recent years:

● We have a wide choice of goods and services

before us.

● The latest models of digital cameras, mobile

phones and televisions made by the leading
manufacturers of the world are within our
reach now.

● Example: every season new models of

automobiles can be seen on Indian roads.

● Today, Indians are buying cars produced by

nearly all the top companies in the world.

● A similar explosion of brands can be seen for

many other goods; from shirts to televisions
to processed fruit juices.
OR

10. How has foreign trade been integrating

markets of different countries? Explain with
examples.
 ANSWER

● Foreign trade- It is the exchange of capital, goods, and

services across international borders or territories.

● It creates an opportunity for the producers to reach

beyond the domestic markets, i.e., markets of their own
countries. Similarly, for the buyers, import of goods
produced in another country is one way of expanding
the choice of goods beyond what is domestically
produced.

● Choice of goods in the markets rises. Prices of similar

goods in the two markets tend to become equal. And,
producers in the two countries now closely compete
against each other even though they are separated by
thousands of miles. Hence, foreign trade thus results in
connecting the markets or integration of markets in
different countries

EXAMPLE: Volkswagen, a German automobile company, is the

biggest German automaker. It came to India in 2007 and had
recorded sales of 32,627 vehicles in the year 2010. Volkswagen,
by launching various models of cars in India, has broadened
choices of people in the automobile sector.
 SECTION- D

Case Based Questions

4x2=8
11. Read the given text and answer the following questions:

The failure of the Cripps Mission and the effects of World War II created widespread discontentment in India. This led Gandhiji
to launch a movement calling for complete withdrawal of the British from India. The Congress Working Committee, in its
meeting in Wardha on 14 July 1942, passed the historic ‘Quit India’ resolution demanding the immediate transfer of power to
Indians and quit India. On 8 August 1942 in Bombay, the All India Congress Committee endorsed the resolution which called
for a non-violent mass struggle on the widest possible scale throughout the country. It was on this occasion that Gandhiji
delivered the famous ‘Do or Die’ speech. The call for ‘Quit India’ almost brought the state machinery to a standstill in large
parts of the country as people voluntarily threw themselves into the thick of the movement. People observed hartals, and
demonstrations and processions were accompanied by national songs and slogans. The movement was truly a mass movement
which brought into its ambit thousands of ordinary people, namely students, workers and peasants. It also saw the active
participation of leaders, namely, Jayprakash Narayan, Aruna Asaf Ali and Ram Manohar Lohia and many women such as
Matangini Hazra in Bengal, Kanaklata Barua in Assam and Rama Devi in Odisha. The British responded with much force, yet
it took more than a year to suppress the movement.

11.1. Which National Movement does the passage relate to?

11.2. What led to the call to Quit India?

11.3. State the features of the Quit India Movement.

11.1. Which National Movement does the passage relate
to?

ANSWER

Quit India Movement of 1942.

11.2. What led to the call to Quit India?

ANSWER

The failure of Cripps Mission and the effects of World War II

created widespread discontentment in India. It led Gandhiji to
launch a movement calling for complete withdrawal of the
British from India.
11.3. State the features of the Quit India Movement.

ANSWER

- It demanded complete withdrawal of British

from India.

- It asked for transfer of power to Indians.

- The Movement was a Pan India mass movement

involving all sections of society including
students, workers, peasants, and women.
12. Read the given text and answer the following questions:

Source A: Industrial Pollution and Environmental Degradation

Every litre of wastewater discharged by our industry pollutes eight times the quantity of fresh water. How can the industrial pollution of
freshwater be reduced? Some suggestions are-
(i) minimising use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages
(ii) harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements
(iii) treating hot water and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds. Treatment of industrial effluents can be done in three phases
(a) Primary treatment by mechanical means. This involves screening, grinding, flocculation and sedimentation. (b) Secondary treatment by
biological process (c) Tertiary treatment by biological, chemical and physical processes. This involves the recycling of wastewater.
Overdrawing of groundwater reserves by industry where there is a threat to groundwater resources also needs to be regulated legally.
Particulate matter in the air can be reduced by fitting smoke stacks to factories with electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters, scrubbers and
inertial separators. Smoke can be reduced by using oil or gas instead of coal in factories. Machinery and equipment can be used and
generators should be fitted with silencers. Almost all machinery can be redesigned to increase energy efficiency and reduce noise. Noise
absorbing material may be used apart from personal use of earplugs and earphones. The challenge of sustainable development requires the
integration of economic development with environmental concerns.

12.1. How could particulate matter in the air be reduced?

12.2. What could be done to reduce pollutants from machinery and equipment?

12.3. How many treatments are there for industrial effluents? Name them.
12.1. How could particulate matter in the air be
reduced?
ANSWER

● The particulate matter in the air can be reduced

by fitting smoke stacks to factories with
electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters, scrubbers,
and inertial separators.

● Smoke can be reduced by using oil or gas instead

of coal in factories.

12.2. What could be done to reduce pollutants from

machinery and equipment?

ANSWER

Machinery and equipment can be used and generators

should be fitted with silencers.

Almost all machinery can be redesigned to increase

energy efficiency and for reducing the noise.
12.3. How many treatments are there for industrial
effluents? Name them.

ANSWER

There are three treatments:

- Primary treatment

- Secondary treatment

- Tertiary treatment
 SECTION- E

Map Skill Based Question

1x3=3
13.1. On the given outline Political Map of India, identify the
place marked as A with the help of following information and
write its correct name on the line marked near it.

A) The centre/place of calling off/withdrawing of the

Non-Cooperation Movement.

A
13.2. 13.2 On the same given map of India, locate the
following:
(I) Chhatrapati Shivaji- International Airport
OR
Visakhapatnam Port

(II) Noida- Software Technology Park