COLLEGE OF

NURSING AND
ALLIED HEALTH
SCIENCES
ART
APPRECIATI
COURSE FACILITATOR: MARK A. LABRADOR,
LPT, MEd
FB/MESSENGER: Labrador Mark
Email: labradormark2820@gmail.com

1
MODULE
 MISSION

Northern Negros State College of Science and technology envisions a skillful and productive

manpower, qualified and competent professionals endowed with leadership qualities, commitment to

public service, a common shared values, and capacities to integrate and use new knowledge and skills in

various vocations and professions to meet the challenges of the new millennium.

VISION

To train and develop semi-skilled manpower, middle level professionals and competent and

qualified leaders in the various professions responsive to the needs and requirements of the service areas

providing appropriate and relevant curricular programs and offerings, research projects and

entrepreneurial activities, extension services and develop progressive leadership to effect socio-economic

change and thereby improve the quality of life.

INSTITUTIONAL OUTCOMES

The institution shall produce a graduate who can:

1. Sustain willingness to serve the country and the world;
2. Produce scientific and technological innovations;
3. Can engage in varied entrepreneurial activities;
4. Practice as a game-changer professional; and
5. Demonstrate resiliency in any life challenges.
PROGRAM LEARNING OUTCOMES (CMO #75 s.2017)

Program Outcomes
The programs shall produce a graduate who can:
1. Apply knowledge of physical, social, natural and health sciences and humanities in the
practice of nursing.
2. Provide safe, appropriate and holistic care to individuals, families, population groups and
communities utilizing nursing process.
3. Apply guidelines and principles of evidence-based practice in the delivery of care in any
setting.
4. Practice nursing in accordance with existing laws, legal, ethical and moral principles.
5. Communicate effectively in writing, speaking and presenting using culturally-appropriate
language.
6. Document and report on client care accurately and comprehensively.
7. Work effectively in teams, in collaboration with other disciplines and multi-cultural teams.
8. Practice beginning management and leadership skills in the delivery of client care.
9. Conduct research with experienced researcher.
10. Engage in lifelong learning with a passion to keep current with national and global
developments in general, and nursing and health developments in particular.
11. Demonstrate responsible citizenship and pride being a Filipino.
12. Apply techno-intelligent care systems
13. Adopt the nursing core values
14. Apply entrepreneurial skills

PNO-NONESCOST Bachelor of Science in Nursing Program Outcomes

The program shall produce a graduate nurse who can
1. Deliver safe and quality client centered care observing oral and ethico-legal principles in the
application of the nursing process in any given situation.
2. Manage and deliver health programs and services in any health care setting utilizing
appropriate mechanism for networking, linkage and referrals.
3. Engage in nursing research and utilize scientific and evidenced-base knowledge which
promote and maintain quality improvement of client-centered care.
Greetings!

Welcome to the second semester of School Year 2020-2021! Welcome to the College of Agriculture,
Fisheries and Allied Sciences and welcome to NONESCOST!

Despite of all the happenings around us, there is still so much to be thankful for and one of these is the
opportunity to continue learning.

You are right now browsing your course module in GE 106. As you read on, you will have an overview of
the course, the content, requirements and other related information regarding the course. The module is
made up of 3 lessons. Each lesson has seven parts:

INTRODUCTION- Overview of the lesson

LEARNING OUTCOMES- Lesson objectives for you to ponder on

MOTIVATION- Fuels you to go on

PRESENTATION- A smooth transition to the lesson

TEACHING POINTS- Collection of ideas that you must discover

LEARNING ACTIVITIES – To measure your learnings in the lesson where you wandered

ASSESSMENT – To test your understanding in the lesson you discovered

Please read your modules and learn the concepts by heart. It would help you prepare to be effective and
efficient professional in your respective fields. You can explore more of the concepts by reading the
references and the supplementary readings.

I encourage you to get in touch with me in case you may encounter problems while studying your modules.
Keep a constant and open communication. Use your real names in your FB accounts or messenger so I can
recognize you based on the list of officially enrolled students in the course. I would be very glad to assist
you in your journey. Furthermore, I would also suggest that you build a workgroup among your classmates.
Participate actively in our discussion board or online discussion if possible and submit your
outputs/requirements on time. You may submit them online through email and messenger. You can also
submit hard copies. Place them in short size bond paper inside a short plastic envelop with your names and
submit them in designated pick up areas.

I hope that you will find this course interesting and fun. I hope to know more of your experiences, insights,
challenges and difficulties in learning as we go along this course. I am very positive that we will successfully
meet the objectives of the course.

May you continue to find inspiration to become a great professional. Keep safe and God bless!

Course Outline in GE 106 – ART APPRECIATION

Course Number GE 106

Course Title ART APPRECIATION
Course Art Appreciation is a course that develops student’s ability to appreciate, analyze, and critique
Description works of art. Through interdisciplinary and multimodal approaches, this course equips students with
a broad knowledge of the practical, historical, philosophical, and social relevance of the arts in
order to hone students’ ability to articulate their understanding of the arts. It enhances students’
competency in researching and curating art as well as conceptualizing, mounting, and evaluating
art production. It also aims to develop students’ genuine appreciation for Philippine arts by
providing them opportunities to explore the diversity and richness and their rootedness in Filipino
culture.
No. of Units 3 units
Pre-requisites NONE
Course CILO 1: Demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of arts in general, including their function,
Intended value, and historical significance;
CILO 2: Define and demonstrate the elements and principles of design;
Learning
CILO 3: Explain and evaluate different theories of art;
Outcomes CILO 4: Situate Philippine arts in a global context.
Content
Coverage I. Introduction to Art and Humanities:
Importance of Art
Assumptions of Art
Function of Arts
Subject and Content
Artist and Artisan
Elements and Principle of Arts

II. Art History

Historical Views of Art
Historical Development of Philippine Arts

III. Depiction of Male and Female in Visual Arts

The Visual Arts
Painting
 Sculpture
Architecture

IV. Soul making (Soul sound and structure)

1. Performing Arts
2. Multimedia Arts
3. Combined Arts

V. Workshop on Improvisation, Installation and Appropriation

References 1. Ariola, Mariano M. ( 2008), Introduction to Art Appreciation : A Textbook in Humanities, C& E
Publishing , Inc.
2. Cabasan, William J. Jr. (2015), 2nd Edition Humanities: Philosophy and History of Art , Jimczyville
Publications.
3. Ramirez, Veronica, Ph.D; Leynes, Maireene A; Fajardo , Brenda V. Ph. D. ( 2008), Minding the
Arts: Art Appreciation for College, Mutya Publishing House, Inc.
4. Casilb Nicolas, Jr. et. al. ( 2018) Art Appreciation , Rex Book Store.
5. Perez, Teody Boylie , Ph.D. Cayas, Rogelio D. Jr. , Narciso , Norman F,(2013) Alampat: An
Introduction to Art Appreciation, Blue Patriach Publishing House.
6. https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/spirkin/works/dialectical.../ch01-s05.htm
7. https://www.britannica.com/topic/philosophy-of-art
8. http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2015/01/first-artists/walter-text
Course 1. Active class participation (online discussion board, FB Closed group account)
Requirements 2. Reflective Writing
3. Home-based Individual Art Activities
4. Webinar

Prepared by: RAMONITO N. ABESAR, LPT, MAEd-PES

Adapted by: MARK A. LABRADOR, LPT, MEd

Reviewed and Approved by:

Subject Area Coordinator: RAMONITO N. ABESAR, LPT, MAEd-PES

Dean, CONAHS : AILEEN G. SYPONGCO RN,RM,MN

GAD Director : MARY ANN T. ARCEŇO, Ph.D.

CIMD, Chairperson : MA. JANET S. GEROSO, Ph.D.

QA Director : DONNA FE V. TOLEDO, Ed. D.

VP- Academic Affairs : SAMSON M. LAUSA, Ph. D

MODULE 1
 LESSON

Introduction to Art and

1 Humanities
6
HOURS

When we look around, we see a lot of things that relate to art. Art can come in the form of many items such as
posters, paintings, portraits, covers, and more. People look at art in different ideas that they want to know more about
or may be studying. Art can shows ideas about the past, what is currently happening and what may happen in the
future. It can also show meaning, love, boredom, and creativity. Art can be meaningful because of the colors, shapes,
and depictions it can create.

Art Appreciation is a way to motivate ideas and allows individuals to illustrate their feelings when they viewed an
artwork. It helps develops critical and innovative skills in thinking and teaches essential qualities in listening,
observing, and responding to multiple viewpoints It also requires an ability to differentiate what is apparent and what is
not.
what is apparent and what is not.

 Characterize artistic expression based on personal experiences with art;

 Differentiate art from nature; and
 Clarify misconceptions about art from nature.
Let’s Get Started!
In the first column of the table below, list down your most striking encounters with arts. On the second
column, explain why you think each encounter is an experience with art?

MY ENCOUNTER WITH ARTS WHY?

 What is an art to you? Is it important?

Definition of Art

In our life, we experience so much fragmentation of our thoughts and feelings. But, by creating arts, it
brings things back together. We merely make art because of so many reasons, and we enjoy the process of
it.
The word “art” is from a Latin ars which means craftsmanship, inventiveness, mastery of form, skill. It
includes literature, music, paintings, photography, sculpture, etc. It serves as an original record of human
needs and achievements. It usually refers to the so-called “fine arts” (e.g., graphics, plastic, and building)
and to the so-called “minor arts” (everyday, useful, applied, and decorative arts). It is the process of using
our senses and emotions in making creative activities). It is a human capability to make things beautiful
(e.g., buildings, illustration, designing, painting, sculpture, and Photography) through the production of
his/her imagination depending on the preparation, theme, medium, and values used.
Significantly, the word artist comes from the French word artiste and the Spanish artista, which means
“performer.” It is someone who creates art that is merely trades and professions by which different people
make their livings (Goines, 2004).
Artist is most often refers to those who create within a context of the fine arts such as acting, dancing,
drawing, filmmaking, painting, sculpture, writing, photography, and music. They are those who use
imagination, and a skill to construct works that may be judged to have aesthetic importance. Creativity is a
characteristic of an artist that progressed in the extent of his/her life to express feelings.
Other Definitions

Art is something that is perennially around us.

 Some people may deny having to do with arts but it is indisputable that life presents us with many
forms of and opportunities for communion with arts.

A politician shuffling her music track while comfortably seated on her car looking for her favorite song.
 Ones whose exposure to music is only limited to one genre finds it lacking not to have been
exposed to more.

A student marvelling at the intricate designs of a medieval cathedral during his field trip.

 Ones whose idea of a cathedral is limited to the locally available ones, finds enormous joy in seeing
other prototypes in Europe.

Why Study Humanities?

Etymologically, the term “Humanities” is from a Latin word humanus which means educated. It
refers to the learning of arts such as architecture, dance, literature, music, painting, theatre, and
sculpture.They are branches of knowledge that focuses on the human opinions, and relationships As a
branch of learning, the artwork is considered as the material object while its creativity and appreciation is
the formal object.

Likewise, Humanities is more concerned on how a person expresses his/her feelings. These
feelings can be in facial manifestations or body movements. Laughing, crying, clenching our fists, curling
our toes, stretching out our fingers, and crossing our arms are representations of humanities.

As a branch of knowledge, Humanities explores on human conditions through the use of analytical,
critical, or theoretical methods. These methods are in the form of ideas and words that help makes our life
more meaningful. Moreover, Humanities can also be as the study on how an individual documented and
processed his/her experiences particularly in connecting to others .Imparting humanities as an academic
science is designed to let our learners (particularly the new generations) become creative and artistic
individuals. Humanities help the students to connect with the community through art exposure like
museum outings, concerts, theatre performance, etc.

Framework and Perspectives

Lesson 2: Assumption of Art

 ART IS UNIVERSAL

In every country and in every generation, there is always art. Often times, people feel that what is
considered artistic are only those which have been made long time ago. This is a misconception. Age is not
a factor in determining art. “An art is not good because it is old, but old because it is good” (Dudley et al.,
1960)
 In the Philippines, the works of Jose Rizal and Francisco Balagtas are not being read because
they are old.
 Florante at Laura never fails to teach high school students the beauty of love, one that is
universal and pure.
 Ibong Adarna, another Filipino masterpiece, has always captured the imagination of the young
with its timeless lessons.
 When we recite the Psalms, we feel in communion with King David as we feel one with him in
his conversation with God.
  When we listen to a Kundiman or perform folk dances, we still enjoy the way our Filipino
ancestors while away their time in the past.

A GREAT MASTERPIECE WILL NEVER BE OBSOLETE.

 ART IS NOT NATURE

In the Philippines, it is not entirely novel to hear some consumers of local movies remark that these movies
produced locally are unrealistic. They contend that local movies work around certain formula to the
detriment of substance and faithfulness to reality of movies.
 Art is man’s expression of his reception of nature.
 Art can be considered opposites. What we find in nature should not be expected to be in art
too.

 ART INVOLVES EXPERIENCE

Getting this far without a satisfactory definition of art can be quite weird for some. For most people, art
does not require a full definition. Art is just experience. By experience, we mean the “actual doing of
something” (Dudley et al., 1960) and it also affirmed that art depends on experience, and if one is to know
art, he must know it not as fact or information but as an experience.
 A work of an art then cannot be abstracted from actual doing. In order to know what an
artwork, we have to sense it, see and hear it.
 A painter cannot claim to know how to paint if he has not tried holding a brush.
 A sculptor cannot produce a work of art if a chisel is foreign to him.
 Art depends on experience and one is to know art, he must know it not as a fact or
information but as experience.

An important aspect of experiencing art is its being highly personal, individual, and subjective. In
philosophical terms, perception of art is always a value judgment. It depends on who perceive is, his tastes,
his biases, and what he has inside.
Art is present in every part of the globe and in every period of time. Art not being nature, not even
attempting to simply mirror nature, is the second assumption about art. Art is always a creation of the
artist, not nature. Finally, without experience, there is no art.

Lesson 3: Function of Art

 From the very beginning, arts have been part of human history. It described, defined, and
deepened the human experience. In the Prehistoric period for example, people performed songs and
dances to gratify their ancestors. Likewise, hunters brushed different figures on the walls of caves to
depict their day to day experiences. Arts also serve several functions which are item outcome to its
purpose (Menoy, 2009), namely:
1. Individual Function- The artists perform arts because of the passion of their respective art forms. A
singer presents a concert for free because of his advocacy and the love of singing. For example,
Regine Velaquez (Asia’s Songbird) is well-known for possessing extensive vocal range.

2. Social Function- Man associates with others through his art performance that arouses social
consciousness. Examples of this association are the choral singing, group dancing, public art exhibits
and other practices.

3. Economic Functions- Arts are emerging as a potent force in the economic life of people assumes an
essential role as a direct and indirect contributor to state economies. Example of this is by
generating economic vitality in under-performing regions through crafts, tourism, and cultural
attractions.

4. Political Functions- Art provides a forum for ideas that will lead to employment, prestige, status,
and power. During election period, for example, the candidates created their artworks (poster)
which expresses their propaganda, agendas and political views about making a stable society.

5. Historical Functions- Art is an essential technique for information to be recorded and preserved. It
serves to document or reconstruct historical figure and events. Most arts that are in Museums, for
example, are filled with amazing stories about the world most excellent and most creative people
who brought us the treasures. By looking at a work of art’s colors, materials, and symbolism, we
can learn about the story and culture that produced it in the past.

6. Cultural Functions- Art is an articulation and transmission of new information and values. Example,
when you think of Manila, you probably think of Fort Santiago, Luneta Park, and its world-
renowned churches, or the famous Intramuros.

7. Physical Functions- Buildings are artistically designed and constructed to protect their occupants
and make their life inside more meaningful. Architects, Industrial and Graphic Designers, and
Interior Decorators share responsibility in building environment that balance forms and functions.
 8. Aesthetic Functions- Any artwork means beauty. It is visual spice for gracefully adorned interiors
and can bring out the most elegant features of different décor elements. It reasonably reproduced
visual images which communicate through fantastic persuasions and meaningful words.

Make a Reflection paper by choosing a topic below.

 How is Art and Nature related?

 Why is nature not art?
 “An art is not good because it is old, but old because it is good” (Dudley et al., 1960)
 Art as “the language of emotions”

Catchy and Creative Art-Slogans

Art-Slogans are powerful marketing tools that can motivate your clients to support your brand. It is an
advertising tag-line or phrase that advertisers create to express the importance and benefits of their
product visually.

Create a creative slogan for an advertisement. Below are examples of a catchy product/company slogan:

Choose any of the following slogans listed below and make an art-logo out of it.
 2. Adidas- “Impossible is Nothing”
3. Ford- “Go Further”
4. Apple- “Think Different”
5. Meralco- “May liwanag ang buhay”
6. Mega Sardines- “Tatak barko. Tatak sariwa!”
7. Canon EOS- “What we mean is what you see”
8. Nikon- “At the heart of the image”
9. Energizer- “Keep going and going and going”
10. McDonalds- “Im Lovin It”
11. Globe- “Abot mo ang mundo”
12. BDO- “we find ways”
13. m&m- “Melts in your mouth not in your hands”
14. Coca-Cola- “Open Happiness”
15. LBC- “Hari ng padala”
16. Family Rubbing Alcohol- “Hindi lang pampamilya, pang-isports pa”
17. Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) – “it’s finger licking good”
18. Huawei- “Make it possible”
19. NOKIA- “Connecting people”
20. Nike- “just do it”
21. Smart Communications- “Simply Amazing”

RUBRICS FOR ART-SLOGAN:

5 4 3 2
The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is
exceptionally attractive in terms acceptably distractingly
CRAFTSMANSHIP attractive in terms of neatness. Good attractive though it messy.
of neatness. Well- construction and may be a bit
constructed and not very messy. messy.
not messy.
Slogan is Slogan is creative Slogan is creative The slogan does
exceptionally and a good and some thought not reflect any
CREATIVITY creative. A lot of amount of thought was put into. degree of
thought and effort was put into creativity.
was used to make decorating it.
the banner.
Exceptional use of Good use of new Average use of No use of new
ORIGINALITY new ideas and ideas and new ideas and ideas and
originality to originality to originality to originality to
create slogan create slogan. create slogan. create slogan.
 4 / VERY 2 / NEEDS 1/
5 / EXCELLENT 3 / AVERAGE
GOOD IMPROVEMENT UNACCEPTABLE

This paper is This paper is The writer is Topic is not well- As yet, the paper
clear and mostly beginning to defined and/or has no clear sense
focused. It holds focused, and define the topic, there are too of purpose or
the reader's has some even though many topics. central theme. To
attention. good details development is extract meaning
Ideas
Relevant details and quotes. still basic or from the text, the
and quotes enrich general. reader must make
the central theme. inferences based
on sketchy or
missing details.

The organization Paper (and The Sentences within The writing lacks a
enhances and paragraphs) organizational paragraphs clear sense of
showcases the are mostly structure is make sense, but direction. Ideas,
central idea or organized, in strong enough to the order of details, or events
Organiza theme. The order, order, and move the reader paragraphs does seem strung
tion structure of makes sense through the text not. together in a loose
information is to the reader. without too much or random fashion;
compelling and confusion. there is no
moves the reader identifiable internal
through the text. structure.

The writing has The writing The text hums The text seems The reader has to
an easy flow, mostly flows, along with a choppy and is practice quite a bit
rhythm, and and usually steady beat, but not easy to read in order to give this
cadence. invites oral tends to be more orally. paper a fair
Sentenc
Sentences are reading. businesslike interpretive
e
well built, with than musical, reading.
Fluency
strong and varied more mechanical
structure that than fluid.
invites expressive
oral reading.

The writer The write The writer shows The writer Errors in spelling,
demonstrates a understands reasonable seems to have punctuation,
good grasp of good writing control over a made little effort capitalization,
standard writing conventions limited range of to use usage, and
conventions (e.g., and usually standard writing conventions: grammar and/or
spelling, uses them conventions. spelling, paragraphing
punctuation, correctly. Conventions are punctuation, repeatedly distract
Conventi capitalization, Paper is easily sometimes capitalization, the reader and
ons grammar, usage, read and handled well and usage, grammar make the text
paragraphing) errors are enhance and/or difficult to read.
and uses rare; minor readability; at paragraphing
conventions touch-ups other times, have multiple
effectively to would get this errors are errors.
enhance piece ready to distracting and
readability. publish. impair
readability.

The form and The format The writer's The writer's The reader
presentation of only has a few message is message is only receives a garbled
the text enhances mistakes and understandable understandable message due to
the ability for the is generally in this format. occasionally, problems relating
Presenta reader to easy to read and paper is to the presentation
tion understand and and pleasing messily written. of the text, and is
connect with the to the eye. not typed.
message. It is
pleasing to the
eye.
 LESSON

SUBJECT AND
2 CONTENT, ARTIST AND
ARTISAN
6
HOURS

The world is so interesting, it offers so many views, stories and images. There are unlimited themes that
surround us. Anything under the heat of the sun- from the largest mountain to the smallest details of
anything on earth, and even the things that the human eyes could not see can be magnified and used as a
subject in art.
Subject in Art is dynamic with culture and imagination. It never runs out and is never fully exhausted: from
the simple concept to the complex artistic creation. Clarity of one’s choice of a subject is imperative
because the content of the artwork itself is the soul of each artistic conception. Every subject reveals the
conviction of the artist; thus, it also serves as the extension of what he/she believes in.

 identify different kind of subject in the art forms;

 Distinguish artist from artisan; and
  Explain the misconceptions about artist and artisan.
 Appreciate the works of an artisan in the locality.

Observe the pictures below. What are the possible themes/topics that the art work illustrates? Discuss
your answer briefly on the given space underneath.
 What is a Subject?

What is a Subject?
A painter, a poet, a writer, a choreographer, a photographer, a film-maker, a cartoonist, a designer
and some other art practitioners will never run out of subject. There are unlimited subjects that
surround us. Every minute, every second, we see potential concrete and abstract material that can be
utilized as a subject.
Art generally refers to the thing; object, person, landscape, event, etc. depicted by the artist in
his/her artwork. The Subject serves as the window of the artwork. Audience will be informed of what
the artwork is all about.
On the picture below, what do you think is its Subject? Its subject varies from one’s perspective to
another.

Not only concrete

used as
a subject
in art.
Representational Art

 An artwork that has a subject  Also known as objective art (easily

objectify the subject)
 Paintings  Sculptures
 Photography  Graphic arts

 Theatre

Sometimes paintings and sculptures do not have subjects, more so with dance, theater and
literature, which do not depict clear subjects/ representations but have themes, would help the
audience clarify their meanings and intentions.
 Non- Objective Art
× defines a type of abstract art that is usually, but not always, geometric and aims to convey a sense
of simplicity and purity.
× Artwork that have no resemblance to any real subject

What is Content?
A Content is not subject or things in the painting. Content is the communication of ideas, feelings
and reactions connected with the subject. When we look at a painting its content is what is sensed
rather than what can be analyzed. It is the ultimate reason for creating art. It is the theme which bears
the essence or substance of a thing or an object.
Kinds and Sources of Subject
The kinds and sources of subject enumerated below are explored and prevalent in any form of art
expression, either in any form of art expression, either in visual, auditory, or combined arts.

1. Nature
 Deals with the physical environment- the natural world. Landscapes are parts of nature.
 Mountains
 Hills
 Valleys

What is the difference between Natural and Artificial?

NATURAL ARTIFICIAL
Never modified and distorted Human Intervention/ Alteration
2. Animals
 Commonly used in any art forms.

3. Portrait or Human Figures

 Whole human figure or just a part of it can represent the self.
 The angle, the distance, and subject or model’s composure is considered.
 The measure of all things
4. History and Legends

 Subject that is inspired by history or legends

 Historical events are real stories. Legends are imaginary accounts.

Muslim Wedding 1958, Carlos Botong Fransisco

5. Still Life

 Refers to in- animating objects either in a form of a drawing, painting or photograph.

 Allows us to look into the beauty of a certain object and able to play in its representation.

 3D Approach

 One way of studying color, compositions, tones and shadows

6. Religion and Mythology

 Practiced by religious and tribal groups

 Usually done by an insider artist or a devoted member of a religious group. If not they are artisans
who followed a traditional practice
 7. Dreams and Fantasies

 Inspired by unconscious mind.

 Artworks inspired by dreams and fantasies are called SURREALISM.
 Subject-realistic, however, the imagery is distorted, and the setting becomes a dream world.

By looking at the photographs below, whom among these faces do you recognize? Would you consider
that person to be an Artist or an Artisan? Write your answer on the given space.
ARTIST
■ Defined as an art practitioner who produces or creates indirectly functional arts with aesthetic
values using imagination.
■ They provide us paintings, sculptures, dances, music, literary pieces, etc. as the means of provoking
our thoughts, ideas, and emotions that are necessary to discover ourselves and our being.
■ A formal art study would be an advantage, but it is not a requirement to practice art.
■ Acquiring or learning skills in art is not just taught and learned in a formal art school but also
acquired informally…
■ More artists feel free in making their art.
■ “An artist will do whatever it takes to make the work right.”

ARTISAN
■ People have different perceptions on the importance of artists and artisans in our society. They are
the same in the sense that they both develop works of art; hence, they are also different since they
address different needs of human beings.
■ Artisans works are also noticed and valued- only in different ways and levels.
■ The relevance and usefulness of the artisans works make them essential in our daily living.
■ Artisans are there to facilitate easy living.
■ A craftsman such as carpenter, carver, plumber, blacksmith, weaver, embroider, etc. who produces
directly functional and/or decorative arts.
■ They help us in meeting our basic needs such as food, clothing, dwelling, furniture, kitchen, utensils,
and everything that makes our life easy are crafted by artisans.
■ LANG DULAY (+2015)  ■ EDUARDO MUTUC
Textile Weaver Metalsmith
T’boli Kapampangan
Lake Sebu, South Cotabato Apalit Pampanga
1998 2004

■ TEOFILO GARCIA ■ MAGDALENA GAMAYO

Casque Maker Textile Weaver
Ilocano Ilocano
San Quintin, Abra Pinili, Ilocos Norte
2012 2012
Create a slogan that helps promote the cultural value of artisans in our country. Use a short sized bond
paper for this activity.

a. Giving Meaning
Critics are known to be experts in criticizing and interpreting Artworks. They are people who
professionally express a reasoned opinion on any matter especially involving a judgment of an artworks’
value, truth, righteousness, beauty or technique.
Examine carefully the Artwork below. Write down ideas or interpretations that you can make. Then
use these ideas or interpretations in writing a poem, song, or story.
 b. Who’s Who?
Check the appropriate column to tell whether the work/ form of art are that of an artist or artisan.

Work or Form Artist Artisan

1. Poem
2. Furniture
3. Pottery
4. Dance
5. Painting
6. Clothes
7. Shoes
8. Sculpture
9. Farming Tools
10. Paper Mache

c. Look for an artisan that can be found in your locality. Take a picture on what particular product the
artisan is selling/creating. Write a ten-sentence essay about the product the artisan is selling or creating on
how this product help him as an individual.
 Pts. Creativity/Originality Effort/Perseverance Craftsmanship/Skill Cooperation/Attitude

5 The student explored The project was continued The artwork was The student willingly
several choices before until it was complete as beautiful and participated in necessary
Selecting one, the student could make patiently done; it preparation or work for
generated many ideas, it; gave it effort far was as good as classroom, was sensitive
tried unusual beyond that required. hard work could to the feelings and
combinations or make it. knowledge of others,
changes, used exhibited a
problem-solving skills. positive attitude toward
assignment.
4 The student tried a few The student worked hard and With a little more effort, The student participated
ideas before selecting completed the project, the work could have enthusiastically,
one or based his/her but with a bit more effort been outstanding; performed more than
work on someone it might have been lacks the finishing adequately, assisted in
else’s idea, made outstanding. touches. preparation and
decision after referring
cleanup.
to one source.
2 The student tried an The student finished the The student showed The student was apathetic
idea but it lacked project, but it could have average toward the assignment,
originality, might have been improved with craftsmanship; complained, assisted in
copied work, more effort, chose an adequate, but not preparation and cleanup
substituted “symbols” easy project and did it as good as it could when asked.
for personal indifferently. have been, a bit
expression. careless.
2 The student fulfilled the The project was completed The student showed The student allowed others to
requirements of the with minimum effort average do most of his/her work,
assignment, but gave craftsmanship, lack participated minimally,
no evidence of trying of pride in finished exhibited no interest in
anything unusual work the project

1 The student showed no The student did not The student showed poor The student did almost
evidence of original finish the work craftsmanship; nothing toward
thought adequately evidence of laziness completing the
or lack of assignment, did
understanding minimum or no amount
of preparation or
cleanup, distracted
others.
Rubric for individual Art output

LESSON
 6
3 ELEMENTS AND
PRINCIPLES OF ART
HOURS

Looking at pictures or images, one pays attention to visual order. The eye and the mind explore and
in addition, understand the organization of visual variations by way of incorporating visual pieces into a
unified whole. Instinctively, the mind tries to create order amidst chaos. Here, the manner (visual order)
associates the sense of “stability or balance” to one’s visual experience or else it would be perplexing and
distorted.
The artist employs various visual qualities in creating a work of art and the elements of art are the
tools used to design. By learning and using the elements and principles of Art, you will increase your
understanding of how and why some things work together and some simply don’t look right.

 Learn how art communicates colors, symbolic quality of shape, line movement, quality of texture,
the drama of lighting and many others.
 Create an artwork that shows understanding of the concept of principles of design.
Examine the pictures below. Identify and describe the principles and elements present on each art work.
Write your answer on the spaces allocated.
What Element of art do you think is very crucial each artwork should have? Why do you think so?

Elements of Art

These are the visual qualities in creating a work of art.

1. Line

× This is a fundamental form of Visual Communication.

× A line is a path that a point takes through space. Lines can be thick, thin, dotted or solid. They
can make straight movements, zigzags, waves or curls.
× Lines can convey emotion as well. They may show excitement, anger, calmness, tension,
happiness and many other feelings. Because of this, some are said to be expressive.

Horizontal Lines are generally restful, like the horizon, where the sky meets land.

Vertical lines seem to be reaching, so they may seem inspirational like tall majestic trees or church
steeples.
Diagonal lines tend to be disturbing. They suggest decay or chaos like lightening or falling trees.

Expressive Lines tend to be found in nature and are very organic.

Other lines that are very measured, geometric, directional and angular are called Constructive
lines. They tend to appear to be human-made because of their precision.
2. Shape

Shape is created when a line becomes connected and encloses space. It is the outline or
outward appearance of something. Shapes are 2 Dimensional (2-D) which means there are 2 ways
they can be measured.
You can measure its HEIGHT and its WIDTH.

There are two basic types of shape.

× Geometric shapes have smooth even edges and are measurable. This includes the square,
the circle, the triangle and the rectangle.

× Organic shapes have more complicated edges and are usually found in nature. Leaves,
flowers, amoeba, etc.

3. Form

A Form is a shape that has become 3- Dimensional (3-D) Form has HEIGHT, WIDTH and
DEPTH--which is the 3rd dimension. Depth shows the thickness of the object. Forms are NOT flat like
shapes are.
How to turn shapes into form?
 × A triangle becomes a cone or a pyramid.

× A square becomes a cube.

× A rectangle becomes a box or a cylinder.

× In order to turn a circle into a sphere, you must shade it. You can’t add another side to it.

4. Color
Color can add interest and reality to artwork. The use of a 12-step color wheel will help us
understand color more effectively. When light is reflected through a prism, colors can be seen.
 These colors are: Red, Yellow, Orange, Green, Indigo, Blue and Violet
Remember the anagram: ROY G BIV

A long time ago, artists decided that these colors would be more useful to them if they were
placed in a wheel fashion. This became known as the color wheel.

Here are 3 primary colors:

Red, Yellow and Blue

These colors are primary for 2 reasons:

1. They can’t be mixed to be made
2. They make all the other colors on the color wheel
When you mix 2 primary colors together, you get a secondary color.
For example:
Red and Yellow= Orange

+ =

Red and Blue= Violet

+ =
 Yellow and Blue= Green

+ =

When you mix a primary and a secondary color together you get an intermediate color.
For example:

Red and Orange= Red-Orange

Yellow and Green= Yellow-Green
Blue and Green= Blue-Green
Red and Violet= Red-Violet
Yellow and Orange= Yellow-Orange
Blue and Violet= Blue-Violet

Color Schemes

Color is divided into groups based on the way they are placed on the color wheel:
3-4 colors “next-door-neighbors” to each other creates an analogous color scheme.

2 colors that are directly opposite each other (going across the center) create a
complementary color scheme.
 A Split-Complementary color scheme is a harmony of color and that features a base color
and two colors on either side of its complement.

A Triadic color scheme uses 3 colors that are equally spaced apart on the color wheel.
Temperature

Colors can convey emotion and feelings too.

Have you ever felt “blue?” Been “green’ with envy? Called a “yellow” coward?

It is important that artists understand the effects of color when they are trying to get the
viewers of their art to feel a particular way.

Warm colors are those that have Reds, Yellows and Oranges. Warm colors seem to advance
(or come forward) in an artwork.

Cool colors are those that have Blues, Greens and Violets. Cool colors seem to recede (or go
back into) an artwork.
Color can be described by its Properties:

Hue Intensity Value

• Value is the lightness or
darkness of a color. Value
• is the brightness or
makes objects appear more
• The actual color or the dullness of a color
real because it imitates
identity of a color. • is a color’s strength,
natural light. When showing
saturation, purity
value in a work of art, you
will need a LIGHT SOURCE.

A light source is the place where the light is coming from; the darkest areas are always on
the opposite side of the light.
In order to have a successful drawing, you will need to show a full value range, which means
that there are very light areas, middle tones, and very dark areas. This is a way of giving a work of art
Contrast. In drawing, value can be added several ways:

Color Value
When you use only one color plus its tints and shades, you are using a monochromatic color
scheme. A tint is a color plus white. A shade is a color plus black

5. Texture
Texture is
the way the
surface of
an object actually feels. In the artistic world, we refer to two types of texture---tactile and
implied.
Tactile or real

• This is the way the surface of an object actually feels. Examples would be sandpaper, cotton balls,
tree bark, puppy fur, etc.

Implied Texture is the way the surface of an object looks like it feels. This is the type of
texture that artists use when they draw and paint. Textures may look rough, fuzzy, gritty, or scruffy,
but can’t actually be felt.

6. Space

This is the distance around, between, above, below, and within an object.
 Positive and Negative space is a way that an artwork is divided. When planning a work of
art, both areas must be examined so that they balance one another. Drawing items running off the page
and zooming in on objects are ways to create visual interest within a work.

Space is basically divided into 3 parts: Foreground, Middle Ground and Background

Space can be shallow or deep

depending on what the artist wants to use.
Shallow space is used when the artist has
objects very close to the viewer.
 Deep Space may show objects up close but objects are shown far away too.

Perspective is also a way of showing space in a work of art. Perspective is when the artist
uses a vanishing point on the horizon and then creates a sense of deep space by showing objects getting
progressively smaller as they get closer to the vanishing point.

Objects may overlap as well. When objects are overlapped it is obvious that enough space had to
be in the picture to contain all the objects that have been included.
Principles of Design

1. Balance
This is the way the elements are arranged to create a feeling of stability in a work.

× Symmetrical Balance. The parts of an image are organized so that one side mirrors the
other.
× Asymmetrical Balance. When one side of a composition does not reflect the design of
the other.

× Radial Balance.  This is any type of balance based on a circle with its design extending
from center. 
2. Emphasis
This is the focal point of an image, or when one area or thing stands out the most.

× Contrast. A large difference between two things to create interest and tension.
3. Rhythm and Movement
This is a regular repetition of elements to produce the look and feel of movement.

× Pattern and Repetition. Repetition of Design.

4. Unity
This happens when all the elements and principles work together to create a pleasing image.
 5. Variety
This is the use of differences and change to increase the visual interest of the work.

6. Proportion

This is the comparative relationship of one part to another with respect to size, quantity, or
degree; SCALE.

Imagination is one of the sources of an artist’s masterpiece. It represents the artist’s desires and
expresses their feelings.
 Create your own masterpiece by using any kind of medium. Observe and identify the particular
principle of design found in your work.

A. Scheme it up!

Color is utilized and used in a lot of ways in producing artworks. It may be through creating a special
quality in a pictorial field, in creating a mood and express individual emotions, to attract the attention of its
viewers, or even used to identify objects through its superficial appearance.

Choose a theme or subject to plan an artwork. In a short sized bond paper, divide the plane in two
parts. In a different color scheme, complete each artwork. Identify and describe the differences in mood
created by each color scheme.

For example:

Pts. Creativity/Originality Effort/Perseverance Craftsmanship/Skill Cooperation/Attitude

5 The student explored The project was continued The artwork was The student willingly
several choices before until it was complete as beautiful and participated in necessary
Selecting one, the student could make patiently done; it preparation or work for
generated many ideas, it; gave it effort far was as good as classroom, was sensitive
tried unusual beyond that required. hard work could to the feelings and
combinations or make it. knowledge of others,
changes, used exhibited a
problem-solving skills. positive attitude toward
assignment.
4 The student tried a few The student worked hard and With a little more effort, The student participated
ideas before selecting completed the project, the work could have enthusiastically,
one or based his/her but with a bit more effort been outstanding; performed more than
work on someone it might have been lacks the finishing adequately, assisted in
else’s idea, made outstanding. touches. preparation and
decision after referring
cleanup.
to one source.
2 The student tried an The student finished the The student showed The student was apathetic
idea but it lacked project, but it could have average toward the assignment,
originality, might have been improved with craftsmanship; complained, assisted in
copied work, more effort, chose an adequate, but not preparation and cleanup
substituted “symbols” easy project and did it as good as it could when asked.
for personal indifferently. have been, a bit
expression. careless.
2 The student fulfilled the The project was completed The student showed The student allowed others to
requirements of the with minimum effort average do most of his/her work,
assignment, but gave craftsmanship, lack participated minimally,
no evidence of trying of pride in finished exhibited no interest in
anything unusual work the project

1 The student showed no The student did not The student showed poor The student did almost
evidence of original finish the work craftsmanship; nothing toward
thought adequately evidence of laziness completing the
or lack of assignment, did
understanding minimum or no amount
of preparation or
cleanup, distracted
others.
Rubric for Individual Art output