Index Content page no

Introduction
1 1
The reserves of Oil and Gas
2 3
Main operating Companies
3 5
The biggest 10 oil fields
4 6
Exploration wells
5 7
Production and export of Oil
6 8
Production and export of gas
7 13
Major Pipelines to transfer Oil and gas
8 14
Major Ports
9 15

10 The Refineries 15
1. Introduction

Libya lies in Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between

Egypt and Tunisia.
Libya is Africa's major oil producer and one of Europe's biggest North
African oil suppliers, its economy is based on oil and exports contribute
between 75% and 90% of state revenues.
Oil exploration in Libya began in 1955 and the first oil fields were
discovered in 1959(At Amal and Zelten – now known as Nasser), and oil
exports began in 1961.
During 2004, Libyan oil production was estimated at nearly 1.6million
barrels per day, with consumption of 237,000bbl/d and net exports of about
1.34 million bbl/d.
Overall, Libya would like foreign company help to increase the country's oil
production capacity from 1.6 million bbl/d at present to 2 million bbl/d by
2008-2010, and to 3 million bbl/d 2015.
According to the Geological, Libya is consist of several sedimentary basins
And it covered about 1,382500km2.

Rank BASIN NAME COUNTRIES COVERED

1 Upper Egypt Egypt/Libya/Sudan
2 Sirte Libya
3 Pelagian Tunisia/Libya/Malta/Italy
4 Marmarica Egypt/ Libya
5 Ghadames Algeria/Libya /Tunisia
6 Cyrenaica Platform Egypt/Libya
7 Al Kufra Libya/Chad/Sudan/Egypt/Niger
8 D’jefara Libya/Tunisia
9 Murzuq Libya/Algeria
2. The reserves of Oil and Gas
2.1 The reserves of Oil
Libya’s proven oil reserves were officially estimated at 39 billion barrels as
at 1 January 2005, having been revised up by 3 billion barrels in 2004.
The estimate had last been revised in 2000, when it was increased to 36
billion barrels from 29 billion barrels before.
The Sirte basin ,which has been more extensively explored than the others,
accounts for about 80% of known recoverable oil reserves, while 3% are
located in the Murzuk basin, 3% in the Ghadames basin and 5% offshore.
Of the 21 oil fields in Libya with recoverable reserves of over 1 billion
barrels, 19 are located in the Sirte basin. Two hold over 4 billion barrels,
Amal(discovered in 1959) and Gialo (discovered in 1961), and another three
contain between 500 million and 1 billion barrels, including the Elephant
field, (discovered in 1997).
However, Libya remains “highly unexplored”, and has “excellent” potential
for more oil discoveries.
Table (1), show Libya rank of the Estimated Reserves in the world.

2.2 The reserves of Gas:

Libya’s proven natural gas reserves were generally estimated at 46.4 Tcf as
at 1 January 2005, having been revised up tothat level in 2003 from 44.99
Tcf, although its reserves are largely unexploited and unexplored and could
be as much as 70 Tcf, In 1971, Libya became only the second country in the
world to export liquefied natural gas (LNG). However due largely to
technical problems, the LNG exports have stagnated.
 The next table shows the rank of Libya’s reserves in the world:

Estimated reserves
Rank Country
( billion barrels,2006 )
1 Saudi Arabia 267
2 Canada 179
3 Iran 132
4 Iraq 115
5 Kuwait 104
6 United Arab Emirates 98
7 Venezuela 79
8 Former soviet union 60
9 Libya 39
10 Nigeria 36
11 USA 21
12 China 18
13 Mexico 13
14 Brazil 11
15 Norway 8
16 Oman 6
17 Egypt 4
18 Indonesia 4
19 United Kingdom 4

Table1

3. Main operating Companies

3.1 Companies owned by the Government
The next table shows the Companies owned by the
Government
Rank Name
1 Arabian Gulf Oil
2 Sirte Oil
3 Zawia
4 Ras lanuf
5 Brega petroleum marketing
6 Al Watania for drilling and repairing
7 Al Hamada for pipes
8 Al jawf for Oil technical
9 ALwatania for supporting fields and ports
10 Om Aljawabi
11 North Africa for Geophysics exploration
12 Oil searching center
13 Ttaining Center in Zawia
14 Training Institute
15 Mediterranean Sea The

3.2 Unitization Companies

The next table shows the Unitization Companies
Rank operator second party
1 Agip Oil Eni
2 viba Petrocanada
3 Zuetina Oil OMV
4 Waha Oil Conoco marathon Amerada
4. The biggest 10 oil fields
Production of 10 large fields equal 68% from total production.
Field Company Daily rate(Mb) API

Sarir Arabian Gulf 212 37.4

El Sharara 115 Ripsol 200 42.4

Defa Waha 142 36.6
Butiffel Agip 109 40.8
Galo Waha 98 35.7
Messla Arabian Gulf 97 39.7
Al Ssara Wentersial 95 41.2
El Bouri Agip 64 25.8
Nafora Arabian Gulf 57 35.8
El Ghani viba 45 40.4
1,119

Bouri field
Bouri field is located in Great Socialist People Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
offshore area of the Mediterranean Sea at about 130 kms North West of
Tripoli. it lies in water between 140 and 170 meters deep.
Offshore the El Bouri field discovered by Agip-ENI in 1976 is central to
Libyans plans.
It is the largest offshore field with recoverable reserves of 2 billion barrels of
oil and 2.5 Tcf of gas.
This figure shows the production of bouri field

160000

140000
120000

100000
bpd

80000 Series1

60000
40000

20000
0
1995 1998
Years

5. Exploration wells (1957-2004)

Drilling Wells 1740

Successful Wells 410
Percentage of successful 24%
6. Production and export of Oil
6.1 Oil production
Libya currently produces less than half the oil it did 35 years ago, since its
production averaged as much as 3.3 million b/d in 1970, its margin of
surplus production capacity amounted to no more than 50,000 b/d at the end
of 2004, though, since its total capacity was about 1.6 million b/d at this
time.

Libya crude oil production rose by a further 9% to an estimated 1.55 million

b/d in 2004, following a 19.2% surge to 1,431,900 b/d in 2003 from 1.2
million b/d in 2002. Production in 2004 thus exceeded the 1998 level of 1.45
million b/d.
Libya is a member of OPEC and as such is set a production quota – Libya's
quota on 16 March 2006 was set at 1,473 000 bpd compared to its
September 2004 quota of 1,446 000 bpd.
The vast majority (more than 90%) of Libya's exports are sold to European
countries as the following:
The next table shows the rank of Libya’s oil production in the world:

Production at
Rank Country
2004 (mb/d)
1 Former Soviet Union 9.1
2 Saudi Arabia 8.8
3 USA 5.4

4 I Iran 3.9

5 Mexico 3.8

6 China 3.3

7 Norway 2.9

8 Venezuela 2.7

9 Nigeria 2.5

10 United Arab Emirates 2.2

11 Kuwait 2.1

12 Oman 1.9

13 United Kingdom 1.8

14 Egypt 1.7

15 Canada 1.6

16 Brazil 1.5
17 Libya 1.5
18 Iraq 1.5
19 Indonesia 1.1
Crude Oil Production from 1994 to 2004:
Year Daily average (,000b/d) Cumulative (million bbl)
1994 1,389.8 18,971.2
1995 1,399.0 19,481.8
1996 1,394.0 19,992.0
1997 1,395.8 20,501.5
1998 1,449.0 21,030.4
1999 1,287.2 21,500.2
2000 1,347.2 21,993.3
2001 1,323.5 22,476.3
2002 1,200.9 22,914.7
2003 1,431.9 23,437.3
2004 1,550.0 24,003.1

The next histograms shows production through the years

1.8
1.6
Oil production (MM b/d)

1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Year

6.2 Crude Oil Export:

Over 90% of Libyan crude exports go to Western Europe.

Rank country Export (b/d)

1 Italy 545,000
2 Germany 274,000
3 Spain 153,000
4 France 94,000
5 United States 66,000

Oil production, consumption and export (2004)

Series1

1.8

1.6
1.6

1.4 1.34

1.2
Amount of oil (MMbbl/day)

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.237
0.2

0
prduction consumption export
 Oil Production of Libya from 1980 to 2004

7. Production and export of gas

Gas production consumption & export (2002)
 production m cu bil 6.18cu m

consumption cu m billion 5.41

export m cu million 770

Gas production, consumption and export (2002)

7
6.1
6 5.41
5
Amount of Gas(billioncum)

4
Series1
3

2
0.77
1

0
Production Consumption Export

8. Major Pipelines to transfer Oil and gas

8.1 Major Pipelines of Crud Oil
 From To Length(Miles) Diameter(inches)
Sarir Mina-El-Hariga 321 34
Messla Ras lanuf 298 36/42
Waha Es Sidra 256 24
Hamada Zawia 242 18
Amal Ras lanuf 170 30
Intisar Zueitina 137 40
Samah Dahara 114 32
Naser El Brega 107 36
Gialo Waha 94 30

8.2 Major Pipelines of Natural Gas

From To Length(Miles) Diameter(inches)

Intisar A Zueitina 1140 20
Naser El Brega 108 36/30
Buttifel Intisar A 85 34
Buttifel Zueitina 83 10
Intisar A Hatiba 74 24
Defa Naser 68 24/8

9. Major Ports
The major ports are shown in the map of lipya
 Rank Name
1 Es Sider
2 Marsa el-Brega
3 Tobruk
4 Ras Lanuf
5 Zawiya
6 Zuetina

10. The Refineries

No # Refineries Location Capacity (bbb/d)

1 Ras Lanuf Gulf of Sirt 220,000
2 Az Zawiya Northwestern 120,000
3 Tobruk Tobruk 20,000
4 Brega near Tobruk 10,000
5 Sarir Sarir   10,000

This figure shows the refine and important produced petrochemicals: