Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter PDF

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 18

Phobn+ eleohoo

lec MSSÍO

Hi Ena9 Raiaia
hobele coic Undeyr'aled in Clenait
Liht u A p k obo Ts Chaeles neu
alD
Freld b_Magnehc Fielol
met
4 deintk Momdum
Sace ach Phobn h dotinlk

Hig& Eneg Rastiahon3 freqven oyTacit hon


planl onslant
plangtey Consant
G626 X/o5 TS hlaye longhm
Momeokum = 0N Hadiahbn
RegraCyolalaNe ashoHon)
ave leng h
Neu hon1anphy
E1940eV Momen kum tP) E
h
Cin nm)
hen Had/ahon hige requen OH loo Waveley4 uT 209
/SDOnm
1sindnt on aMeh Shte elec bow moy be A 2m asen operaes a ta Wavelegm
Bmittd no a/ hooyho Loll be e mttedhe Seond s.
66x lo3YTS C= 38 XI0ms_
Plonle onuhnt
IxId
Ohtle Natue 0 aht SX lo!
&) :5xto nop o onu peu Setond
D
i he hoahil O li9&t de Caltd bohons' or Cnegyfatke d) 2X1ol knegemted bes Setond 2 xl0Jh/
0rqyona n
he M ophoon Canotedolntd i Engrgo hhoho
Sense
Ne bi Mechontu h
EnagmiHed oo hRoh) heuy o 1phobn
11)Ahobon aluo o au a Speed 299,199 1S
3x10 m ieopecbve o rom Heente,
2lo nx
x10JE nxI240 ey
anfate
nxl 240 x :6X10J
mi3S to0 O e hom Met!
2X1o3

mehs ga (ess boundeod


n = xlo*SI V he eon he Sunfare
in ho buk mehl.
a omponed b he e
ee e- Or Sufae e 8 un ey
Such e a lled
n
-219
loo be efeched om mehk
90 2
meht

n e s Xlo5
Cwke-
Spate e

Photons lta&t f pauhculos alareleng h()


haNe Sam ene h Sam momenkn
lechonmi e heAtend
vi) he Goligion a bhohn wih a mnokeujol pouhik ' (tTheamioni'c mssson Mon
Heo
0 echy eloahc Collis ion.
ald Emissjon
Phoon Panon
Sony E9 dilechic bfaikdown.
T= + P ioniSa' Malo

Phoro elechic fm1ssion

M he Snengt oige a gliuon 0uNe leagh


inteoued n o _phobno w1t thue oeb he
en each hkoon is h1l Same.
loHk tocho.
=

Pney T09U°lel h fem0.Va KEma


h minim uro mDun (P) 0 h _ s Emor
is Calkd Mork funtha / Me hal
ene99 w
CSwtare e Can have an
emiHe
in ev Mah
eS1um Y.
*Lowes work kunchan
-2 Pota
Ssium TTHRESHO1D FRECUENC
E2 emay be emittro
4:S Coppe.
Cesiun or e embso

han worlg
Alo te: h a ubplled enegy is9eake ee
funcho evon hon S DD 9uaan ce
c
emission may l0ase en e hle (ollidh ny-
OTh LoN uhile Comng 0u
Jmin
Chveshetahold egunc

9o, Onco ho Supplied eneg han


OoH func he e- may Come Ow. alokAnt hk

p9 e make beat ue 0 Ineicken no


Come ut oh a Kineh'c nog9 E hp-h
Yhe

Kuman
our Ant)alaokKremki e emieoe

0 ev ev 6eN
loey
0 ev 1ey
6eN Cncidat radiuhn
fev X
hreshald klavelengh
e t0ftei by hanyi
may be emHec Mo
1ouo wil
KEaemtho

1 knst ncdlay hga2

nensily inaton lige


noohoh 1
oeathhhobon toll h1 b ho Sarma.
bor whieh no o e- emitted
macimum davelenm
mauy be tmiteol.

hrt shol d lalaveleng


KEmae (hcPonJ ant
K mae
Hema ne
CWoxk nctn.
e-emissin my nappe

me toknsthy ay sadtahin 1ncudont on a phohtell


K ma CBchons and
be 1ncieoyecd Fouu hrmy hen he ho o pkoh
emied Hesheobvel. be tom.
Ihe enegy phobelechong
kmax
a Fbu bme9, doube
b)_douderemaunu unchange
K oRmcuy unchangeclouble
tin 9 h t

hmy heneo
no ohoh 4hms Ina eouse
Rach_phobn remoim Sumi
KEnax Same
no0 phohe
2
1'c 4.0ey, he longe
hew0Mk knch oa SubeknteCawye_phow elechon emmin
13 lo
houCa0 1226
LOavelengh e lia&t TEE 199 P/
oo h Subsdane1S oxImakely. 5ey
2 X6
3x19 13XL
) 540n
3lon two
illuninctea ho t
220 n r Ametal ufare 1 s 4nd 3lb nm.
Ao to n 24Pn
c l i n hlaveleng h phonel0cho
orresponoling ho

m a x i m u mpledls
a he
HoHeech vely
and Htnc
o e h ds h
heje Wavelenghp_H he orlc
and he=12 yo ey
nm
A 31 ey
) 3:2ey
201931 C2feV
Win aphohdephi ect expeumeut, he hreshold ewelenl l25evV
liat 's 3fonm he LJavedegh ohcidau iges
Teo nmh maximum Kf emted eleahorgil
g o (ev) 93A Cion)
KE)n
2 hC
b 3 0ey
d) 4s ey 9

mH2 S
IKE) h
12o
Cno) Alio) 6-4pS-p 366ey
Mono cbomuh
feam ony S Quarh S Sotte lg
U-V Heu
PhobGurrent Lwindo0
tonez Corumn
Eyacusatcl tan imit the phoo Cultrent be
phob acuh g l o s hbe Aflea
on Inueot moca, o¬nhal a a
&donoE IncAease
plale bromC
DOL Yeach A Curen
e e
he jeched Satuuotidn umeot
e
mode S IUeN O 20 tenbo
on he oh hand
e
are repelled phohCurren
C0r Cauthodo
=pkoloQurenk dleceone
aShoHt o avelenqh 1s mado tall on Mehl Anoceonb'a (maan iE
CCaJnocleorEolte) M we keeh decroaoihg
Shage Com when ho e- Can
Plak C moHO-Ne a This Anocle
more Zou
HeaChA phoo ourren become mocle
elecrons e rmiHtd by nd ollecked e_pok A oenhal Lohi'ch gnps n g e rom
HecLchig
VOTENTAL 0y
n a d p o r Collech) Coule.cd SOPPING
Soppin Voltaqe (Vo)
el
loFenhal ditunte buo and A Can be_runune
wihe Exalernalbatey 4heo skt
0.rCouhode T v fmode knbal.
hmede s given Q hotihve bolenb' Loto phoo@urrent
e moN ouoouo Amnoo pesRe hruh uknc
C'HC' bacle b Calhodo.
* A Gurment laws Cauled bhoo Gurrent Phobarrent C)
Curren F
Satuchon

pishcoTEn
#heSpare bla Onol A Conhuirs a no a/e Molerhate moc ho knb's.y
chougehis hoagchd: res e ormin fop -Wo

Canade on 4nutais moda fo kenhal (tv) rmode ea.atouctod


FoxooudsA phoo6Cunren incaee
e
a ihciedud licsh
SpphingPoleahial Swale longn
p n oknhal
heSmallest magni'ku Q Anode oenhal which lus (KE)mac=f-p
No
dan4
is ealled he ohpoknhu.
ShAs he hhobouro
us eVo = hC hC
hminimum_ h0 Enhcd o Ohich ev0n fhe
Sbplnghoknb'al
uls b HeaCh hnocdes Caled
No oe
(KErar * he kE s used In
doing ulork dgaun
A- eleo shldc brce Cin olta)
a function o_rgtr
opping_poleobal Vo he kloe_
eEmaxAv he
o diu emIHe e Shownin he
be
Sbdium, fom he daa
ploHed tn h y or'
Hunchbg a s e=lkX10 c
(Cake plcnck's Gonsan ) 663 X/o3Y

o=kma lo 3
2-0

SFopping oenhal v hegutncy tnutdbot radiaboo 6

Spbing foku h'odl


d2-12ey
Kmr Vo
a) 2 ey C6ev )19sey

eNo - funD Vo
lo
6 6 3 xlo3 4mlo
fo
lev :SxloT
TElev
G16-19T
2oSAdv

im_ntlcoophoho ogvelesgh
fox_phob elechic e c va he Gorree Vouako
x4 xio e VoLdenh ty
63_ xl hhiàg_pokenhiol t's
6X lo-9 A he
\o oh aanc

663 x lo-3yt33

663 6 5 ey

A20
When a Ceuin phob Sensihve a t e to iliminat d o
mono chro mabc lig eqveny V he ohophng
whay ho uface
o leuhalr hepho burrenE L-Vo/2
' llum inckd by_monoehro mah'e lig& a fregven
N/2, he obing oknbal isVo hehregholet
reqveng for bhdhelecbnic Cmstoo k

a) d) o
eNo
NsVo

hourreo dSoppin Poenbial


No encit
2e
Tnknsih nueme no: hon Inueoe
)
3 2
h ho oy photoelechans incnesMo bc Currendh c n e e
P o b o t u r e n

alens
Raolsh bn
(2004,9 olh_nod
do
olenhil ? a h o o Gurrént
nknsi 1 2 hing helhe g hoas he
laulahn
hrre olfm
urfute
hotogens itn
ahokogensitivre
me rngihe an
a)Tnue bdecreane omuy Onyank po kenhepr Le L , .and Tc be he hfnntihes
ab,Ceshechvely
Hadr'a hy r he_CuOnN
behe Hegyen cies
taf, f
Shigolenhal Vo
Eheg eath phho
do kunck
Cornsant
Do not cloh end
on nkns

phoo
aurret

a) t a h and a fIp and h-


C dh and

Same phob auneot


b
Same mekad. Sae lnenth
mocle
Same obblha oknhal
SOme aynayfa h

(e Conshand

deptnd on gobhlng oknhal


Pauhtle Noa tue a Liel ovutomu:Worik
hob elechn eftot hoy e- lceeho abgoubing
enegy ulhmoe
Cmj'ted Por
Cmid e o
well eJa blisod y15/ Ftnchn& phoboelechry u
he klave na hut a higut 0 Eeheuimntallyuo nong.
PiPhathn eenttohith
inkeedteY AS-
Cenfuny a_henomama lik Oene
a
xpeujme tally Sho wn
folausahon a iat echan /es
u V
wel a mahe mahcally phoMkol eoon : nstnt epechan /phomeleobon.
ho hme Lelay).
Canno be Explarne coh_waCe
Gut _hhon elecat pe 0oudd be alishibuwed
nakue g is Loave ho nos e wa
Lh
Oe lauge ho o elechroh

KeaSon : (kEmac hobeleoheng io IDdehen dleot


Loknaily |eeeee
EM Wave hou On Incieasing Tnknoih
0 p Light is
light Armplhikuda i bscthens (Eo o),_ be ess will Fuke hme or
* Ehos9y hu e Loould le mekul
ane qbsorb &pcient eney ko us.
hen - on meal Suuate wr'l Sxhulenle 9Hece Calculohin Show hat his cer wrll ta
urface
Fote moye to h geae K (f=etfe=etu
V

9o KE)rmax o tnceme aih heaai(«A


Lighd whtch 1s xhulapntaly WNong KIave \a hue OMatteu a De eghie Hyjohecis V

Afk he_phofo-Clechmc e ffeot Wo weluenon mas


Ex1 tente hsieshold cd iahby Ctigh) hao dual nakue.

Alatuuw: nleapuence, 0fuchin Polasta


b'on
alave
tSincdr On mal unpate Pahcl Natue: (Phobelechat cflect,6latk bod
Hacliahn ompbn effec,
0 pauhdhna kue o lght
Wlbehe b Consid ale
1 S So
Small hot 9

dehend on Exeumeut O hea len ba bcu


CaonoF be meaSmecd.
tallepont moing OIh 20m[o is
while ewi np
Rehha
Fou Example, A for a ball mass to00
a ndbjeu 66X10-3 J
Les s absb, rmv OIX 20
P
3 3 XIOSYm
pholors au
eyelns absorbecl x I o 2 A°
a3:3
Pauhc Nakuy VayVey nal
measuned tolhpHesent echnoloqjes
Ccnnobe

So,in 1994 Oe Bhoglit put Hyjolnesis


Bat
oNahu is Symmemcal e-(masr=91X1o3I)and mouing 10m/s i
4aclia honsEght) Can behave a pouhtle
Pouhclo Can ato behoa a hlave : lo39
mV 91Xlo3x to

66 lo
oVing bouhte haue a waVo asociabed
ih_it Nlobel Puze to De &unglie 3 Xlo m
uch oae lleo Matesalaves.
T3 A
helovelengh C)0unh mouhg ouht lo.
Oavelemh Plank ly Con shant Canbe measued
lae Not onnouum poshit hake)

alsonou a De -o91e
lave le nyh
a at a a0 e hati he Samo Kineh
hree hmo and ohon
A uhile ts moving pahtle fo has -hashcle lie avelemh
ogle Oavelengn h e An elechronan
hee NaS ho Sho9I keyh cle Bg
hecho De- louled be. twhich o
s -813 X1ot.he_pauh ne
elechron
d)1uiHu aElechron
PHohbn )Deuteaium
aorahcle bMoron lony an
me Vo Np3Ve
e
K
me Ve
mp Vp d)AUlhave Sarme klavelengh
TmKna
813 X104 91xlo3 V
mp 3AM

e P
m 3L xIo lamu
XI8 Xlo LamuL
631

m 66 x lo-2

mp lamu
Elamu
A n fearn o
acelonabing polenbal,
puhle Uamu pHon.

Cteohroshht fonte do klo


Oeururu 20muu um 3am On e thS werk fs obtal
pin 1p+2n

Pemv KEWo1kdoe
In em K Av
k mv Jamk fe ev

J9mK mk
jint
ox anyhanhde. A2019 Mauw
Q_mass m and ehange s
pahctaA Anon hu krle
2m 90Ov polenhol ol ercnte / 5o
accaleyaled 1S_a0celeuak by a
and eha1ge are-
2oy houaho ay oe-katoglie
a
o enhal olffevene
eng hs^A 1 Close b
J2mey
bl000 C)O-09
62 6A|o3T
Na)4:4
h b
y:9:1 XI03
19 C.
e = - 6 xlo
Am, 2S 0D V J2mV
In A
JEm2x2 A0000 me
Clechroo associaed colh J too m9
find dt-Bxoglie AlatelengIm o ao dfP y lo V JO-ym 2juD
Jlo m9
acceleaked
poknhal
hrough
wh is
=414x lo 4 1 4

23A J2mev
P 2m J2mq
d3:1SR De-Bstoglie alavelen,h.0Cnas - Moleles
1s0
Monoabmic ga
93 2 A (1 Boltzman onskant
414 14 a 1 moleue

A L2A A
J2m
mass Absolate
rotuls emP
Soltman Co nsh n
m Mola MMass M
NA NA

alaetenghn meCayey o 4
3xM Tis .3MT ahlavelengn denean , 4
NA N NA De-Bxoie wwave
M
Molecude
Cons ant 2
- onshan
lA onj/ant
Moleculay Abss u
Mass
Tem
2
P
find hatahss Ae at 99°C AN
Conctduin pom gase ) monoalom'c Q09. A 1aecne b 2

)2 MT MN Te
ANg Mere M- tot thh'al Momentum be to

d4 JM Chanqe in = p-Ac

J9 33
At / 28xHio /2
ANa /3
Hnal momanum. = 9
A Ng 3 2

Po hoahi de0weaedb 2 Hhd chome in . Change =Change


t do-bxoglre OHiginal
2
laualeng Inciemase by 2 2%
b)alaveltngn deteant by 2k
hind Y hange
E oahathcle t incheape! b nohot)
(mac
in cle -Bioqlie

a)inotant by1
decuem by Jom
onyland

d)Adenfaa JE Ay-
C(K)%
AP

2
given

AAZ=_I

decutaue b
haueqeale P
2015 May

A pauhcle P is rnd due a lonmple lelynelauhe


he
Collt'sion pashcb x ndy having deog P
echechvely tond
kavelengin Ar and 2
ueo mocihg inophosike dtyeoh 2019 May
LOGNelenghoyP 9. lwo pauhte move at rgdt angle o ea0h o h he
"he
di-Broglie_toamelenghs oe A and g, Meshedhvely,
a) At pouh'tle Supe l inelash lollistan ch-Broglie
Callisfon OaNelengm re inal þauhtle 9/n by
Baod Sah Chalen SunSalh
AAtg Chouans
9
p22
MoMuum Conseyed.
aUisson henc0on rpuinHiqTensin(163up
V)
Rlickel

e e
Collimgo
Rungslen (indnice
Anocde
Bium
Loo tenson OX'de
Co ahng Circuu
6-1a) (Movable Galonornte) SCale

0 ermHed om Banluon oxiide Coahim elechrically


healed ung gken filammt

2 Othoe-ane accelesat througn a lokenhial (V) applled on Cylincty.


SAten@d 1n
he acceloabed e- ghilse Atckol Cnyskal and a

l oliuechsng tdhp.dngle)
L OAmouable (bllechy lon CiMcla &ale) %lleots SCattued e
Grenmao peiment Wave nakue aye cfuent angta (p).
Dei@so Conneched movablo Colle chor Phou/ reachg
ho a OaUe A goluomeken
De-oglre yggehel na tvey mo Uing pathce On HOCejuing
SCotio
hstoved ha mauho hoHeading alvantnoles ts cisrechy pxopohonct. b he.
DaNISson hera epeinental 9nenty
eleshnpabtbs)show digfracn Cpropy g lalava oltage ) ,

P.nornSn alo eeheuimentally Veulhed LOate naue a e


Ohe Exheuimat oa hefoumed toih dyee a0cee.alrg_polenhti(
but Stgnc Dh knth a e 0 obsesved ound 44V-6Ev.
DasrsCon G:P. ThomSon- obtehuize
h
he BetqaphV-SuN. diPfueshoo
2dSin=n>
obsenred ct

Masel ma fo Nickel: d O'91AYO.9IXIoOm,

As hObsernahon Maxima dbuned o =So:

8t 90 0
50 SCatteuing fg
i s t maxima at o1)
Cyshlcoteing Bxags
rd 9in0 =nA
ast6sA
r 0 91 A° x Sin&S*
Inuden expeimenBalguggesd afe
beam
Caccelerc Yhrougis S4N

Abm'C CHECK e-bxaglie hypoVha


Jmk 2m AV
n h Moxkima
Q318 n ner A
0 ate lengn
Calcudcwrel sExpenimeh
d isan te Anale blo /oLy lose
bo Armic heden nudn
beam begm
Cukomic loye

You might also like