English-11 q1 m4 Problem-Solution-And-Persuasion v1

READING AND WRITING SKILLS
SECOND SEMESTER
QUARTER 3– MODULE 4
Patterns of Paragraph Development in Writing

Wilma E. Pamittan
Learning Competency: Compare and contrast patterns of written texts

across disciplines focusing on problem – solution and persuasion.
Learning Objective: At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. Distinguish common patterns of development (problem – solution and

persuasion) used in written works;
2. Use these patterns of development effectively in your own writing.
Lesson Proper
In this lesson, we will focus on the two patterns of paragraph development,
the problem- solution and persuasion patterns.
Patterns of Paragraph Development
1. Problem -solution
A problem/solution essay presents a problem, usually discussing several
aspects of the problem, then concludes by discussing solutions to the
problem. The problem may be addressed in the following ways:
Effects only
Describe the problem only in terms of its effects. Use examples.
Causes and effects
Outline the causes of the problem. Discuss solutions in terms of preventive
measures.
Extended example
After a topic sentence, illustrate the problem by using an extended example
(through a story or an anecdote from your introduction).
The solutions may be presented in various ways and you have to think
about which way would be the most appropriate for the particular problem
you are discussing.
Here are some ways to present solutions:
Preventive measures
Ways to prevent the problem from occurring in the first place.
For example: How to prevent Covid-19
A series of steps suggest the easiest and most obvious solution first, but I
that doesn’t work, try something else, etc. For example: if you have a
neighbor who does not wear mask nor practice social distancing, you might
first talk to him/her; if that doesn’t work, arrange for a mediator; etc. (a last
resort might be to call the police).
Advice
Give some advice and helpful hints. A choice of solutions Include solutions
that have already been tried, have been unsuccessful, and new solutions
which you are proposing.
The following transitional devices can also help you develop your text.
Introduction Middle Conclusion
Nowadays… For instance… To conclude…
It is a common trend Such as/like… In conclusion…
that…
Society is becoming Namely… To sum up…
increasingly concerned
about…
Read the essay below. Identify the problem/s and solution/s cited in
the passage by underlining the problem and encircling the solution.
Healing a Child’s Stitches and Burns

By Emerson T. Armero
There can be no doubt that a large number of CIFL or children in
conflict with the law may commit more juvenile crimes despite the intense
effort of teachers, the barangays, the police and the guidance offices. This
poses a huge challenge to government authorities and the whole society as
well since these minors are protected by law and should not be harmed by
all means. Basically, while being interrogated upon, these child offenders do
not take their case seriously. They sometimes treat their offense as a
practical joke similar to an amusing snapchat or a Tiktok moment. Others
consider their waywardness as part of their growing up years – their being
young, wild and free. And they blend with the other CIFL regulars, thereby
establishing an organization of future gangsters. Unfortunately, they are not
given the chance to reform their character because they cannot go to jail
and should be with their parents’ custody within 24 hours. Additionally,
some of them turn to substance abuse. There might be two doable solutions
to overcome the problem mentioned in the previous paragraphs. The first
step would be to give them the opportunity to intensely rehabilitate and
provide educational programs suited to their needs and abilities which will
prepare them in the harsh realities of life. It is also equally important that
they get the full support and encouragement of their parents and fellow
learners. It is reasonable to conclude that education still paves the way for
CIFL learners to mend their ways. Furthermore, it is still everybody’s
responsibility to help them change, to motivate them to change and stay
away from temptations that may inevitably arise.
2. PERSUASION -can be in the form of an argument, discussion,
exposition, review or even an advertisement.
In developing your own persuasive text, a writer must first state the
issue. This will serve as a background information about the topic. Then, it
should be followed by a clear, strong and specific argument.
An argument is one’s claim or position that can either support or
reject the issue previously stated. Arguments shall be supported with a
well-researched evidences, which will give details on how and why it
supports the argument. Evidences can be factual, logical, statistical or
anecdotal in nature. It can also explain counterarguments not because the
writer wants to prove which claims are wrong or right but to enlighten the
readers about other positions.Lastly, a conclusion restating the main
argument of the text will be the end of the text. This will be your final
statement to persuade your readers.
Some guide questions in constructing a persuasive text include:
1. What is the issue?
2. What is your position or opinion?
3. What is the opposing position/opinion?
4. What are some reasons for your position/opinion?
5. What are some cases or examples that support this?
Read the text below and identify it by highlighting the issue (use
crayons or highlighter), underlining the argument/s and encircling the
conclusion.
When we consider the ubiquity of cellphones, iPods, personal
computers and the internet, it’s easy to see how science (and the technology
to which it leads) is woven into the fabric of our day-to-day activities. When
we benefit from CT scanners, M.R.I. devices, pacemakers and arterial
stents, we can immediately appreciate how science affects the quality of our
lives. When we assess the state of the world, and identify looming
challenges like climate change, global pandemics, security threats and
diminishing resources, we don’t hesitate in turning to science to gauge the
problems and find solutions. And when we look at the wealth of
opportunities hovering on the horizon— stem cells, genomic sequencing,
personalized medicine, longevity research, nanoscience, brain-machine
interface, quantum computers, space technology—we realize how crucial it
is to cultivate a general public that can engage with scientific issues; there’s
simply no other way that as a society we will be prepared to make informed
decisions on a range of issues that will shape the future. (From "Argumentative Essay,"
Literary Devices, last modified May 22, 2020, https://literarydevices.net/argumentative-essay/.)
Analysis: Read the paragraph below. Tell whether it is a problem - solution
or a persuasion paragraph.
1. Is iPhone 11 worth spending? One of the company’s recent novelties is
the iPhone 11 – a newer and more advanced version of the most popular
phone in the world. However, the previous model – iPhone XR – seemed
to have been satisfying people’s needs just fine as well. So, what is the
difference?
2. Malnutrition is a big health issue in Niger. Niger is located in Africa close
to the Equator. It has extremely high daytime temperatures and very little
rainfall. Yearly droughts threaten food production. As a result, many people
starve. With 10 million people to feed, they need a more reliable food
supply. The challenge of people living in Niger to develop hardly drought
resistant crops. With ample food supplies, the people in Niger, would
experience better health.
Application
TASK A
Choose a specific problem in your place and try to propose solutions
for it. Write your insights in a short paragraph following the problem-and-
solution pattern of development. Make use of correct transitional devices in
your text.
TASK B
Write a persuasive text to encourage incoming senior high school to
choose the strand you are enrolled in.
Evaluation:
Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before the
number.
________1. Which text focuses on presenting points of view and seeks
on encouraging its readers to accept a particular argument or act in a
particular way?
A. Persuasive C. Cause and Effect
B. Problem-solution D. Comparison and Contrast
________2. What is the purpose of persuasive writing?
A. To inform C. To persuade
B. To tell a story D. To tell 'how-to'
________3. Every year, thousands of car accidents occur because of

drivers distracted by their phones. Safe drive Corporation developed a
product that will disable cell phones inside a car, and many people feel
this product will help save lives. What is the problem and solution?
A. ignore it i will go away
B. no problem no solution
C. order & sequence
D. car accidents are a problem and a possible solution is to not use cell
phones in the car
________4. In this type of writing the reader will find words/phrases
such as a problem is solve, or solution.
A. cause & effect C. problem & solution
B. order & sequence D. compare & contrast
_______5. Which type of text structure describes an issue and at least
one way to solve it?
A. Chronological C. Cause & Effect
B. Problem & Solution D. Compare/Contrast
PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING IN THIS MODULE. USE SEPARATE

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READING AND WRITING SKILLS

Patterns of Paragraph Development in Writing

Learning Competency: Compare and contrast patterns of written texts

1. Distinguish common patterns of development (problem – solution and

Healing a Child’s Stitches and Burns

________3. Every year, thousands of car accidents occur because of

PLEASE DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING IN THIS MODULE. USE SEPARATE

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