O Encontro (remake):

grammar summary
adverbs of place: longe & perto
far from = longe de
close to = perto de

 longe (far)
 perto (close)

If the de is followed by an o, a (articles) or an ele, ela (pronouns) you

must combine (contract) the de with it. For example,

de + a = da >  Eu estou longe da cidade. (I'm far from the city.)

de + ele = dele >  Nós moramos perto dele. (We live close to him.)

 Post: Portuguese adverbs of position (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/portuguese-adverbs-of-position-19286/)

 Video
affirmations
There are specific ways that agreement is expressed. All use the
words certeza (certainty) and razão (reason).

 Você tem certeza? (Are you sure?)

 Você tem razão! (You're right!)
 Você está certo! (You're right!)

 Post: Você tem certeza? (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/voce-tem-certeza-9327/)

 Video

articles o & a
The gender of the: o or a, depends on the subject. Masculine nouns
usually end in o, feminine in a. But it’s not a firm rule — there are
exceptions.

masculine:  o barco (the boat)

feminine:  a feira (the fair)

 Post: Portuguese Articles: the The (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/portuguese-articles-21004/)

 Video
contractions ao & à
a (to) always combines (contracts) with “the”: o & a.

With o and a: (the)

a + o = ao >  Vamos ao cinema? (Let’s go to the movies?)

a + a = à >  Vamos à praia. (Let’s go to the beach.)

 Post: Common Contractions (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/common-portuguese-contractions-21620/)

contractions do & da
De (of) combines (contracts) with ‘the”: o & a.

With o and a: (the)

de + o = do >  É a casa do Marcelo. (It’s Marcelo’s house.)

de + a = da >  Eu sou da Bahia. (I’m from Bahia.)

 Post: Common Contractions (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/common-portuguese-contractions-21620/)

 Video
contractions no & na
Em always combines (contracts) with “the”: o & a.

With o and a: (the)

em + o = no >  Ela está no cinema. (She’s at the movies.)

em + a = na >  Ela está na praia. (She’s at the beach.)

 Post: Common Contractions (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/common-portuguese-contractions-21620/)

demonstrative pronouns
There are three different words for saying this and three for that.
Which one you use depends on the gender of the thing you’re talking
about.

This & That (conversational)

m=masculne, f=feminine, n=neutral

this (m) > esse:  Esse carro é seu? (Is this your car?)
that (m) > aquele:  Aquele prédio é alto. (That's a tall building.)
this (f) > essa:  Adoro essa loja! (I love this store!)
that (f) > aquela:  Quero aquela roupa. (I want that shirt.)
this (n) > isso:  O que é isso? (What is this?)
that (n) > aquilo:  Tem nada a ver com aquilo. (It has nothing to do
with that.)

*All of these contract (combine) with any other prepositions or articles

that come before them (contractions with em
(https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/portuguese-
grammar/contractions-with-em/), with de (https://www.semantica-
portuguese.com/portuguese-grammar/contractions-with-de/))

em esse = nesse
de esse = desse
em aquele = naquele
de aquele = daquele

 Post: THIS & THAT: Demonstrative Pronouns

(https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/demonstrative-pronouns-
24160/)

 Video

double negative
It’s not required to use a negative (não) twice in a sentence. However,
Brazilians love to use the double negative.

 Eu não quero não. (I don't want any.)

 Eu não quero nada não. (I don't want anything.)
 Não quero nada disso não! (I don't want any of this!)

 Video

estar
Use estar to talk about temporary, passing things.

 Eu estou atrasado. (I'm late.)

 Onde você está? (Where are you?)
 Ela estava ocupada. (She was busy.)

 Posts: Ser and Estar (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/ser-and-estar-25977/) | ESTAR-the definitive
reference (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/estar-the-
definitive-reference-27511/)

 Video

formal address
When you want to address someone that’s older or, in a formal
situation use: o senhor and a senhora.
 O senhor é brasileiro? (Sir, are you Brazilian?)
 a senhora gosta de viajar? (Do you like to travel, ma'am?)

using ir
You can use ir (to go) to say where you’re going right now, or what
you’re going to do later on. Either way you just need to know how to
conjugate ir in the present tense. It’s (very) irregular.

present tense of ir

I go eu vou 
you/he/she go(es) você/ele/ela vai

 Eu vou à praia. (I'm going to the beach.)

 Eu vou ao supermercado. (I'm going to the supermarket.)
 Você vai no banco? (Are you going to the bank?)

Use ir in the present together with any verb to talk about what you’re
going to be doing.

 Eu vou correr. (I'm going to run.)

 Você vai comer? (Are you going to eat?)
 Nós vamos viajar. (We're going to travel.)
 Post: The future with IR (https://www.semantica-
portuguese.com/the-future-with-ir-19626/)

 Video

indefinite pronouns: algo, nada, tudo, cada

Called indefinite pronouns because they refer to things that are
indefinite.

algo = something
nada = nothing
tudo = everything
cada = cada

algo >  Algo para beber? (Something to drink?)

nada >  Nada faz sentido. (Nothing makes sense.)
tudo >  Ele quer tudo! (He wants everything!)
cada >  Ela sabe cada palavra. (She knows each word.)

You don’t need to modify these to agree with gender — they don’t
change.

 Posts: Something in Portuguese (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/something-in-portuguese-5705/) | tudo vs. todo
(https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/tudo-and-todo-in-
portuguese-35792/)

 Video

indefinite pronouns: algum, nenhum

algum(a) = some
nenhum(a) = no one

algum >  Vamos para algum lugar. (Let's go somewhere.)

alguma >  Mais alguma coisa? (Something more?)
nenhum >  Nenhum carro me interessa. (No car interests me.)
nenhuma >  Nenhuma dessas coisas. (None of these things.)

mais
To express things like newer, older, prettier, more expensive etc., use
mais.

 O carro é mais novo. (The car is newer.)

 É mais caro. (It's more expensive.)
 Ele é mais velho. (He's older.)
muito prazer
The proper way to say this is, muito prazer em conhecer você >> very
pleased to meet you.

But, that’s a mouthful. Brazilians usually shorten this to, muito prazer
or even, prazer.

What about saying, how do you do? Brazilians don’t say that! You can
say, como vai? or, tudo bem? instead.

normal >  Muito prazer!

formal >  Muito prazer em conhecer você.

 Post: Modern Brazilian introductions (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/modern-portuguese-introductions-42021/)

 Video

para
Para has two meanings.

(1) to (a place)
You can use either a, or para to express to. In general, using para
implies that you are going to somewhere in order to be there a
while. Usually that’s to your home, to work etc. But don’t get hung up
on this – time is relative

to >  Eu vou para o brasil. (I'm going to Brazil.)

to >  Você vai para a praia? (Are you going to the beach?)

(2) in order to
in order to >  Eu estou aqui para estudar. (I'm here to study.)
in order to >  Trabalho para ganhar dinheiro. (I work to earn money.)

 Post: POR and PARA in Portuguese (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/por-and-para-27606/)

 Video

possessive pronouns
mine & yours
mine = meu / minha
yours = seu / sua

 Eu amo meu namorado! (I love my boyfriend!)

 É minha música favorita. (It's my favorite song.)
 Seu carro é differente. (Your car is different.)
 Como está sua mãe? (How's your mom?)

his & hers

his = dele
hers = dela

 É o carro dele.
 A casa dela é enorme.

 Post: Mine & Yours, His & Hers: Portuguese possessive

pronouns (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/portuguese-
possessive-pronouns-19252/)

 Video

de
The meaning of de varies depending on the context but, it generally
means of, from & by.

from >  De onde você é? (from where are you?)

by >  Vamos de carro. (Let's go by car.)
of >  É de madeira. (It's made of wood.)
 Post: Portuguese preposition de (https://www.semantica-
portuguese.com/portuguese-preposition-de-36722/)

 Video

present tense
There are three main verb groups in Portuguese.

Verbs ending in -ar

falar to speak 
I speak eu falo
you/he/she speaks você/ele/ela fala

Verbs ending in -er

entender to understand 
I understand eu entendo
you/he/she understands você/ele/ela entende

Verbs ending in -ir

 
partir to depart

I depart eu parto
you/he/she departs você/ele/ela parte

primeiro, primeira
Primeiro(a) means, first. The ending has to agree with the subject
gender.

 O primeiro beijo. (The first kiss.)

 A primeira vez. (The first time.)

 Post: primeiro, primeira in Portuguese (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/primeiro-primeira-in-portuguese-40686/)

ser & estar

Ser is for somewhat permanent characteristics. Don’t take this too
literally – nothing is truly permanent

very permanent >  Meu nome é Raquel. (My name is Raquel.)

somewhat permanent >  Eu sou brasileira. (I'm Brazilian.)
not so permanent >  Ele é casado. (He's married.)
Estar is for temporary passing things.

 Eu estou cansado. (I'm tired.)

 Como você está? (How are you?)

 Posts: Ser and Estar (https://www.semantica-

portuguese.com/ser-and-estar-25977/) | ESTAR-the definitive
reference (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/estar-the-
definitive-reference-27511/) | To SER or not to ser.
(https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/to-ser-or-not-to-ser-
21374/)

 Video

ser & ficar: location

Ser & ficar can be used interchangeably to talk about the location of
something:

When talking about something permanent – a bank, the park, etc, you
can use either ser or ficar to describe where it is.

 O hotel é no final da rua. (It's at the end of the street.)

 O hotel fica no final da rua. same
 Posts: Portuguese verb FICAR (https://www.semantica-
portuguese.com/portuguese-verb-ficar-24200/) | To SER or not to
ser. (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/to-ser-or-not-to-ser-
21374/)

 Video

todo mundo
Use todo mundo to express everyone. It literally means: the entire
world.

tudo bem
tudo bem = everything good. It can be a question as well as an
answer. Brazilians will also say, tudo bom. It’s the same thing, though
it translates to literally: everything good.

 Tudo bem? (All good?)

 Está tudo bem! (everything is ok!)

 Video
What’s your name?
In Portuguese, there are two common ways to ask someone what
their name is.

Como se chama?

In, Como se chama? you are literally saying, “How are you, yourself
called?” – and the se is the part that says you, yourself.

 Como se chama? (How are you called?)

 Eu me chamo Gabriela. (I call myself Gabriela.)

Qual é seu nome?

When you say, Qual é seu nome? you’re saying, “Which is your
name?”

 Qual é seu nome? (Which is your name?)

aprender: to learn

to learn aprender 
I learn eu aprendo
you/he/she learn(s) você/ele/ela aprende
 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-
aprender)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

chamar: to call, be named

to call chegar 
I call eu chamo
you/he/she call(s) você/ele/ela chama

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-

chamar)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

entender: to understand

to understand entender 
I understand eu entendo
you/he/she understand(s) você/ele/ela entende

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-

entender)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

estar: to be (temporary)

to be (temporary) estar (irregular) 

I am eu estou
you/he/she are/is você/ele/ela está

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-estar)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

falar: to speak

to talk, speak falar 

I speak eu falo
you/he/she speak(s) você/ele/ela fala

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-falar)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

fechar: to close

to close fechar 
I close eu fecho
you/he/she close(s) você/ele/ela fecha

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-

fechar)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

ficar: to remain, stay, become

to remain, stay,
ficar 
become

I stay eu fico
you/he/she stay(s) você/ele/ela fica

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-ficar)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

ligar: to call, connect

Use ligar to talk about calling or connecting – almost always when
talking about modern technology: telephones, computers, networks.

to call, connect ligar 

I call eu ligo
you/he/she call(s) você/ele/ela liga

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-ligar)

 Eu vou ligar para você. (I'm going to call you.)

 Você quer ligar à Internet? (Do you want to go online?)

Ligar can also be used to express caring or, connectedness.

 Eu não ligo. (I don't care.)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

pagar: to pay

to pay pagar 
I pay eu pago
you/he/she pay(s) você/ele/ela paga

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-pagar)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

precisar: to need

to need precisar 
I need eu preciso
you/he/she need(s) você/ele/ela precisa
 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-
precisar)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

querer: to want

to want querer (irregular) 

I want eu quero
you/he/she want(s) você/ele/ela quer

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-

querer)

eu quero  Eu quero ir. (I want to go.)

ele/ela quer  Ele quer um táxi. (He wants a taxi.)
você quer  Você quer viajar? (Do you want to travel?

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

ser: to be (permanent)
to be (permanent) ser (irregular)

I am eu sou
you/he/she are(is) você/ele/ela é

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-ser)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

ter: to have

to have ter (irregular) 

I have eu tenho
you/he/she have(has) você/ele/ela tem

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-ter)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

trabalhar: to work
to work trabalhar

I work eu trabalho
you/he/she work(s) você/ele/ela trabalha

 Complete conjugation. (http://www.conjuga-me.net/verbo-

trabalhar)

 verbs (https://www.semantica-portuguese.com/grammar-
tags/verbs/)

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