Atoms

PYQ 01
Topic - 1 : Atomic Structure and Rutherford’s Nuclear Model

MCQs with One Correct Answer

1. e graph which depicts the results of Rutherford gold Y Y
foil experiment with [Main 8 Jan. 2020 I] (c) (d)
a-particles is:
q : Scattering angle 0 q p 0 q p
Y : Number of scattered a-particles detected
2. An alpha particle of energy 5 MeV is scattered through
(a) Plots are schematic and not to scale) 180∞ by a xed uranium nucleus. e distance of closest
approach is of the order of
[Main 1981-2 Marks]
(a) Y (b) Y (a) 1Å (b) 10–10 cm
(c) 10–12 cm (d) 10–15 cm
0 q p 0 q p

Topic - 2 : Bohr’s Model and the Spectra of the Hydrogen Atom

MCQs with One Correct Answer 4. e electron in a hydrogen atom rst jumps from the
third excited state to the second excited state and subse-
1. In a hydrogen atom the electron makes a transition from quently to the rst excited state. e ratio of the respec-
(n + 1)th level. If n >> 1, the frequency of radiation emit- tive wavelengths, l1/l2, of the photons emitted in this
ted is proportional to: [Main Sep. 02, 2020 (II)] process is: [Main 12 April 2019 II]
1 to n'th level 1 (a) 20/7 (b) 27/5
(a) (b)
n n3 (c) 7/5 (d) 9/7
1 1 ++
(c) (d) 5. In Li , electron in rst Bohr orbit is excited to a level by a
n2 n4 radiation of wavelength l. When the ion gets deexcited to
2. e energy required to ionise a hydrogen like ion in its the ground state in all possible ways (including interme-
ground state is 9 Rydbergs. What is the wavelength of diate emissions), a total of six spectral lines are observed.
the radiation emitted when the electron in this ion jumps What is the value of l ? [Main 12 April 2019 II]
from the second excited state to the ground state? (Given : h = 6.63 ¥ 10–34 Js; c = 3 ¥ 108 ms–1)
[Main 9 Jan. 2020 II] (a) 11.4 nm (b) 9.4 nm
(a) 24.2 nm (b) 11.4 nm (c) 12.3 nm (d) 10.8 nm
(c) 35.8 nm (d) 8.6 nm 6. Taking the wavelength of rst Balmer line in hydrogen
3. e time period of revolution of electron in its ground spectrum (n = 3 to n = 2) as 660 nm, the wavelength of
state orbit in a hydrogen atom is 1.6 ¥ 10–16 s. e fre- the 2nd Balmer line (n = 4 to n = 2) will be;
quency of revolution of the electron in its rst excited [Main 9 April 2019 I]
state (in s–1) is : [Main 7 Jan. 2020 I]
(a) 889.2 nm (b) 488.9 nm
(a) 1.6 ¥ 1014 (b) 7.8 ¥ 1014
(c) 642.7 nm (d) 388.9 nm
(c) 6.2 ¥ 1015 (d) 5.6 ¥ 1012
P.2 PHYSICS — XII

7. Radiation coming from transitions n = 2 to n = 1 of hydro- 3 1

gen atoms fall on He+ ions in n = 1 and n = 2 states. e (a) r= (b) r=
possible transition of helium ions as they absorb energy 4 3
from the radiation is : [Main 8 April 2019 I] 4 2
(c) r= (d) r=
(a) n=2n=3 (b) n=1n=4 3 3
(c) n=2n=5 (d) n=2n=4 14. According to Bohr’s theory, the time averaged magnetic f
8. A hydrogen atom, initially in the ground state is excited ield at the centre (i.e. nucleus) of a hydrogen atom due to
by absorbing a photon of wavelength 980Å. e radius of the motion of electrons in the nth orbit is proportional to
the atom in the excited state, in terms of Bohr radius a0, : (n = principal quantum number)
will be : [Main Online April 8, 2017] [Main Online April 8, 2017]
–4
(a) 25a0 (b) 9a0 (a) n (b) n–5
(c) 16a0 (d) 4a0 (c) n–3 (d) n–2
9. In a hydrogen like atom, when an electron jumps from the 15. A hydrogen atom makes a transition from n = 2 to n = 1
M-shell to the L-shell, the wavelength of emitted radia- and emits a photon. is photon strikes a doubly ionized
tion is l. If an electron jumps from N-shell to the L-shell, lithium atom (z = 3) in excited state and completely re-
the wavelength of emitted radiation will be: moves the orbiting electron. e least quantum number
[Main 11 Jan 2019 II] for the excited state of the ion for the process is :
27 16 [Main Online April 9, 2016]
(a) l (b) l
20 25 (a) 2 (b) 4
25 20 (c) 5 (d) 3
(c) l (d) l
16 27 16. As an electron makes a transition from an excited state to
10. An electron from various excited states of hydrogen atom the ground state of a hydrogen - like atom/ion :
emit radiation to come to the ground state. Let ln, lg be
[Main 2015]
the de Broglie wavelength of the electron in the nth state
and the ground state respectively. Let Ln be the wave- (a) kinetic energy decreases, potential energy increases
length of the emitted photon in the transition from the but total energy remains same
nth state to the ground state. For large n, (A, B are con- (b) kinetic energy and total energy decrease but poten-
stants) [Main 2018] tial energy increases
B (c) its kinetic energy increases but potential energy and
(a) L n ª A + 2 (b) L n ª A + Bl n
ln total energy decrease
(d) kinetic energy, potential energy and total energy
(c) L 2n ª A + Bl 2n (d) L 2n ª l
decrease
11. If the series limit frequency of the Lyman series is v1, 17. If one were to apply Bohr model to a particle of mass ‘m’
then the series limit frequency of the P-fund series is : and charge ‘q’ moving in a plane under the inuence of a
(a) 25 nL (b) 16 nL magnetic eld ‘B’, the energy of the charged particle in
(c) nL/16 (d) nL/25 the nth level will be : [Main Online April 10, 2015]
12. e energy required to remove the electron from a singly Ê hqB ˆ Ê hqB ˆ
(a) nÁ (b) nÁ
ionized Helium atom is 2.2 times the energy required to Ë 2pm ˜¯ Ë 8pm ˜¯
remove an electron from Helium atom. e total energy
required to ionize the Helium atom completely is: Ê hqB ˆ Ê hqB ˆ
(c) nÁ (d) nÁ
[Main Online April 15, 2018] Ë 4 pm ˜¯ Ë pm ˜¯
(a) 20 eV (b) 79 eV 18. e radiation corresponding to 3  2 transition of hy-
(c) 109 eV (d) 34 eV drogen atom falls on a metal surface to produce photo-
13. Some energy levels of a molecule are shown in the gure. electrons. ese electrons are made to enter a magnetic
e ratio of the wavelengths r = l1/l2, is given by eld of 3 ¥ 10–4 T. If the radius of the largest circular path
[Main 2017] followed by these electrons is 10.0 mm, the work function
-E of the metal is close to: [Main 2014]
l2 (a) 1.8 eV (b) 1.1 eV
-4E
3 (c) 0.8 eV (d) 1.6 eV
19. Hydrogen (1H ), Deuterium (1H2), singly ionised He-
1
l1 lium (2He4)+ and doubly ionised lithium (3Li6)++ all have
-2E
one electron around the nucleus. Consider an electron
-3E
ATOMS P.3
transition from n = 2 to n = 1. If the wavelengths of emit- (c) 2 photon of energy 10.2 eV
ted radiation are l1, l2, l3 and l4 respectively then ap- (d) One photon of energy 10.2 eV and another photon
proximately which one of the following is correct.? of 1.4 eV
[Main 2014] 26. If the atom 100Fm257 follows the Bohr model and the ra-
(a) 4l1 = 2l2 = 2l3 = l4 (b) l1 = 2l2 = 2l3 = l4 dius of 100Fm257 is n times the Bohr radius, then nd n.
(c) l1 = l2 = 4l3 = 9l4 (d) l1 = 2l2 = 3l3 = 4l4 [2003S]
20. e binding energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is (a) 100 (b) 200
13.6 eV, the energy required to remove the electron from (c) 4 (d) 1/4
the rst excited state of Li+++ is:
27. e electric potential between a proton and an electron
[Main Online April 9, 20174] r
is given by V = V0 ln , write r0 is a constant. Assuming
(a) 122.4 eV (b) 30.6 eV r0
(c) 13.6 eV (d) 3.4 eV Bohr’s model to be applicable, write variation of rn with n,
21. Ina hydrogen like atom electron make transition from n being the principal quantum number? [2003S]
an energy level with quantum number n to another with (a) rn μ n (b) rn μ l/n
quantum number (n - 1). If n >> 1, the frequency of radia- (c) rn μ n2
(d) rn μ l/n2
tion emitted is proportional to : [Main 2013]
28. A Hydrogen atom and Li++ ion are both in the second ex-
1 1 cited state. If lH and lLi are their respective electronic an-
(a) (b)
n n2 gular momenta, and EH and ELi theit respective energies,
1 1 then [2005S]
(c) (d)
n3 n3 (a) lH > lLi and |EH| > |ELi|
2
(b) lH = lLi and |EH| < |ELi|
22. In the Bohr’s model of hydrogen-like atom the force (c) lH = lLi and |EH| > |ELi|
between the nucleus and the electron is modied as
(d) lH < lLi and |EH| < |ELi|
e2 Ê 1 b ˆ
F= Á + ˜ , where b is a constant. For this atom, 29. e transition from the state n = 4 to n = 3 in a hydrogen-
4 pe 0 Ë r 2 r 3 ¯
like atom results in ultraviolet radiation. Infromed radia-
the radius of the nth orbit in terms of the Bohr radius tion will be obtained in the transition [2001S]
Ê e 0 h2 ˆ
21 32
ÁË a0 = mpe2 ˜¯ is : [Main Online April 23, 2013] (a) (b)
(c) 42 (d) 54
(a) rn = a0n - b (b) rn = a0n2+ b
30. e electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from
(c) rn = a0 n2 - b (d) rn = a0n + b an excited state to the ground state. Which of the follow-
23. e wavelength of the rst spectral line in the Balmer ing statements is true ? [2000S]
series atom is 6561 A∞. e wavelength of the second (a) Its kinetic energy increases and its potential and to-
spectral line in the Balmer series of singly-ionized helium tal energies decreases.
atom is [2011]
(b) Its kinetic energy decreases, potential energy in-
(a) 1215 A∞ (b) 1640 A∞ creases and its total energy remains the same.
(c) 2430 A∞ (d) 4687 A∞ (c) Its kinetic and total energies decrease and its poten-
24. e largest wavelength in the ultraviolet region of the tial energy increases.
hydrogen spectrum is 122 nm. e smallest wavelength (d) Its kinetic, potantial and total energies decrease
infraed region of the hydrogen spectrum (to the nearest
31. Imagine an atom made up of a proton and hypothetical
integer) is [2007]
particle of double the mass of the electron but having the
(a) 802 nm (b) 823 nm same charge as the electron. Apply the Bohr atom model
(c) 1882 nm (d) 1648 nm and consider all possible transitions of this hypothetical
25. A photon coollides with a stationary hydrogen atom in particle to the rst excited level. e longest wavelength
ground state inelastically. Energy of the colliding photon photon that will be emitted has wavelength l (given in
is 10.2 eV. After a time interval of the order of micro sec- terms of the Rydberg constant R for the hydrogen) atom
ond another photon collids with an energy of 15 eV. What equal to [2000S]
will be observed by the detector? [2005S] (a) 9/(5R) (b) 36/(5R)
(a) One photon of energy 10.2 eV and an electron of (c) 18/(5R) (d) 4/R
energy 1.4 eV 32. In hydrogen spectrum the wavelength of Ha line is 656
(b) 2 photon of energy of 1.4 eV nm, whereas in the spectrum of a distant galaxy, Ha line
P.4 PHYSICS — XII

wavelength is 706 nm. Estimated speed of galaxy with re- N

spect to earth is [1999S-2 Marks] e initial kinetic energy of the particle (in eV) is e
4
(a) 2 ¥ 108 m/s (b) 2 ¥ 107 m/s value of N is: [Main Sep. 05, 2020 (I)]
(c) 2 ¥ 106 m/s (d) 2 ¥ 105 m/s (Given the mass of the hydrogen atom to be 1 Ge V/c2)
33. As per Bohr model, the minimum energy (in eV) required 41. In the line spectra of hydrogen atom, dierence between
to remove and electron from the ground state of doubly the largest and the shortest wavelengths of the Lyman
ionized Li atom (Z = 3) is [1997-1 Marks] series is 304 Å. e corresponding dierence for the Pas-
(a) 1.51 (b) 13.6 chan series in Å is ______. [Main Sep. 04, 2020 (I)]
(c) 40.8 (d) 122.4 42. e rst number of Balmer series of hydrogen atom has
34. Consider the spectral line resulting from the transition n a wavelength of 6561 Å. The wavelength of the second
= 2  n = 1 in the atoms and ions given below. e short- member of the Balmer series (in nm) is _______.
est wavelength is produced by [1983-1 Marks] [Main 8 Jan, 2020 II]
(a) Hydrogen atom
(b) Deuterium atom Fill in the Blanks
(c) Singly ionized Helium 43. In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, the ratio of
(d) Doubly ionised Lithium the kinetic energy to the total energy of the electron in a
quantum state n is __________.
Integer Value Answer 44. e Bohr radius of the fth electron of phosphorous atom
(atomic number = 15) acting as a dopant in silicon (rela-
35. Consider a hydrogen-like ionized atom with atomic num- tive dielectric constant = 12) is __________
ber Z with a single electron. In the emission spectrum of
[1991 - 1 Marks]
this atom, the photon emitted in the n = 2 to n = 1 transi-
tion has energy 74.8 eV higher than the photon emitted
MCQ with One or More than One
in the n = 3 to n = 2 transition. e ionization energy of
the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. e value of Z is _____. Correct Answer
[Adv. 2018] 45. A particle of mass m moves in circular orbits with poten-
36. An electron in a hydrogen atom undergoes a transition tial energy V(r) = Fr, where F is a positive constant and r
from an orbit with quantum number n1 to another with is its distance from the origin. Its energies are calculated
quantum number nf. Vi and Vf are respectively the initial using the Bohr model. If the radius of the particle’s orbit
V is denoted by R and its speed and energy are denoted by
and nal potential energies of the electron. If i = 6.25,
Vf v and E, respectively, then for the nth orbit (here h is the
Plack’s constant) [Adv. 2020]
then the smallest possible nf is [Adv.2017]
(a) R μ n1/3 and v μ n2/3 (b) R μ n2/3 and v μ n1/3
37. A hydrogen atom in its ground state is irradiated by light 1/3 1/3
of wavelength 970 Å . Taking hc/e = 1.237 ¥ 10–6 eV m 3 Ê n2 h2 F 2 ˆ Ê n2 h2 F 2 ˆ
(c) E= Á (d) E = 2Á
and the ground state energy of hydrogen atom as -13.6 2 Ë 4 p 2 m ˜¯ Ë 4 p 2 m ˜¯
eV, the number of lines present in the emission spectrum
is [Adv.2016] 46. A free hydrogen atom after absorbing a photon of wave-
length la gets excited from the state n = 1 to the state
38. An electron is an excited state of Li2+ ion has angular mo-
n = 4. Immediately after that the electron jumps to n =
mentum 3h/2p. e de Broglie wavelength of the electron
m state by emitting a photon of wavelength le. Let the
in this state is pp a0 (where a0 is the Bohr radius). e
change in momentum of atom due to the absorption and
value of P is [Adv. 2015]
1
39. Consider a hydrogen atom with its electron in the nth the emission are Dpa and Dpe, respectively. If la / le = ,
5
orbital. An electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 90 which of the option(s) is/are correct?
nm is used to ionize the atom. If the kinetic energy of [Use hc = 1242 eV nm; 1 nm = 10–9 m, h and c are Planck’s
the ejected electron is 10.4 eV, then the value of n is (hc = constant and speed of light, respectively] [Adv. 2019]
1242 eV nm) [Adv. 2015]
1
(a) Dpa/Dpe =
2
Numeric Answer (b) e ratio of kinetic energy of the electron in the
40. A particle of mass 200 MeV/c2 collides with a hydrogen 1
state n = m to the state n = 1 is
atom at rest. Soon after the collision the particle comes 4
(c) m = 2
to rest, and the recoils and goes to its rst excited state.
(d) le = 418 nm
ATOMS P.5
47. Highly excited states for hydrogen-like atoms (also called 50 In Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom [1984 - 2 Marks]
Rydberg states) with nuclear charge Ze are dened by (a) the radius of the nth orbit is proportional to n2
their principal quantum number n, where n >> 1. Which
(b) the total energy of the electron in the nth orbit is
of the following statement(s) is (are) true? [Adv. 2016]
inversely proportional to n
(a) Relative change in the radii of two consecutive or-
(c) the angular momentum of the electron in an orbit is
bitals does not depend on Z
h
(b) Relative change in the radii of two consecutive or- an integral multiple of
2p
bitals varies as 1/n
(d) the magnitude of potential energy of the electron in
(c) Relative change in the energy of two consecutive or- any orbit is greater than its K.E.
bitals varies as 1/n3
(d) Relative change in the angular momenta of two con- Match the Following
secutive orbitals varies as 1/n
51. Some laws/processes are given in Column I. Match these
48. e radius of the orbit of an electron in a Hydrogen-like with the physical phenomena given in Column II and in-
atom is 4.5 a0, is the Bohr radius. Its orbital angular mo- dicate your answer by darkening appropriate bubbles in
3h the matrix given in the ORS. [2007]
mentum is . It is given that h is Planck constant. e
2p
possible wavelength(s), when the atom de-excites is (are) Column-I Column-II
[Adv. 2013] A. Transition between two p. Characteristic
9 9 atomic energy levels X-rays
(a) (b)
32R 16R B. Electron emission from a q. Photoelectric
9 4 material eect
(c) (d)
5R 3R
C. Mosley’s law r. Hydrogen
49. e electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition n1 
spectrum
n2 where n1 and n2 are the principal quantum numbers of
the two states. Assume the Bohr model to be valid. e D. Change of photon energy s. b-decay
time period of the electron in the initial states is eight into kinetic energy of
times that in the nal states. e possible values n1 and electron
n2 are [1998-2 Marks]
(a) n1 = 4, n2 = 2 (b) n1 = 8, n2 = 2
(c) n1 = 8, n2 = 1 (d) n1 = 6, n2 = 3

Comprehension/Passage Based Questions

Comprehension
e key feature of Bohr’s theory of spectrum of hydrogen atom is the quantization of angular momentum when an electron is revolving
around a proton. We will extend this to a general rotational motion to nd quantized rotational energy of a diatomic molecule assuming
it to be rigid. e rule to be applied is Bohr’s quantization condition. [2010]
52. A diatomic molecule has moment of inertia I. By Bohr’s quantization condition its rotational energy in the nth level (n = 0 is not
allowed) is

1 Ê h2 ˆ 1 Ê h2 ˆ
(a) (b)
n2 ËÁ 8p 2 I ¯˜ n ÁË 8p 2 I ˜¯

Ê h2 ˆ Ê h2 ˆ
(c) nÁ 2 ˜ (d) n2 Á 2 ˜
Ë 8p I ¯ Ë 8p I ¯
53. It is found that the excitation frequency from, ground to the rst excited state of rotation for the CO molecule is close to
4 –34
¥ 1011 Hz. en the moment of inertia of CO molecule about its center of mass is close to (Take h = 2p ¥ 10 J s)
p
(a) 2.76 ¥ 10–46 kg m2 (b) 1.87 ¥ 10–46 kg m2
(c) 4.67 ¥ 10–47 kg m2 (d) 1.17 ¥ 10–47 kg m2
P.6 PHYSICS — XII

5
54. In a CO molecule, the distance between C (mass = 12 a.m.u) and O (mass = 16 a.m.u.), where 1 a.m.u. ¥ 10 -27 kg, is close to
3
(a) 2.4 ¥ 10–10 m (b) 1.9 ¥ 10–10 m
–10
(c) 1.3 ¥ 10 m (d) 4.4 ¥ 10–11 m

Comprehension-2
When a paticle is restricted to move along x-axis between x = 0 and x = a, where a is of nanometer dimension, its energy can take
only certain specic values. e allowed energies of the particle moving in such a restricted region, correspond to the formation of
standing waves with nodes at its ends x = 0 and x = a. e wavelength of this standing wave is related to the linear momentum p of the
particle according to the de Broglie relation. e energy of the particle according to the de Broglie relation. e energy of the particle
p2
of mass m is related to its linear momentum as E = . us, the energy of the particle can be denoted by a quantum number ‘n’
taking values 1, 2, 3, ..... 2m
(n = 1, called the ground state)corresponding to the number of loops in the standing wave.
Use the model described above to answer the following three questions for a particle moving in the line x = 0 to x = a. Take h = 6.6 ¥
10–34 Js and e = 1.6 ¥ 10–19 C.
55. e allowed energy for the particle for a particular value of n is proportional to [2009]
–2 –3/2
(a) a (b) a
–1
(c) a (d) a2
56. If the mass of particle is m = 1.0 ¥ 10–30 kg and a = 6.6 nm. the energy of the particle in its ground state is closest to [2009]
(a) 0.8 meV (b) 8 meV
(c) 80 meV (d) 800 meV
57. e speed of the particle, that can take discrete values, is proportional to [2009]
–3/2 –1
(a) n (b) n
(c) n1/2 (d) n

Comprehension-3
+
In a mixture of H-He gas (He+ is singly ionized He atom), H atoms and He+ ions are excited to their respective rst excited states.
Subsequently, H atoms transfer their total excitation energy He+ ions (by collisions). Assume that the Bohr model of atom is exactly
valid. [2008]
58. e quantum number n of the state nally populated in He+ ions is-
(a) 1.2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) 5
59. e wavelength of light emitted in the visible region by H+ ions after collisions with H atoms is-
(a) 6.5 ¥ 10-7 m (b) 5.6 ¥ 10-7 m
(c) 4.8 ¥ 10-7 m (d) 4.0 ¥ 10-7 m
60. e ratio of the kinetic energy of the n = 2 electron for the H atom to that of He+ ion is-
(a) 1/4 (b) 1/2
(c) 1 (d) 2

Subjective Problems 63. A hydrogen-like atom (described by Bohr model) is ob-

served to emit six wavelengths, originating from all pos-
61. In hydrogen-like atom (z = 11), nth line of Lyman series sible transitions between a group of levels. ese levels
has wavelength l. e de-Broglie’s wavelength of electron have energies between -0.85 eV and -0.544 eV (including
in the level from which it originated is also l. Find the both these values) [2002 - 5 Marks]
value of n? [2006 - 6M]
(a) Find the atomic number of the atom.
62. e photons from the Balmer series in Hydrogen spec-
(b) Calculate the smallest wavelength emitted in these
trum having wavelength between 450 nm too 700 nm are
transitions.
incident on a metal surface of work function 2 eV. Find
the maximum kinetic energy of ejected electron. (Given (Take hc = 1240 eV-nm, ground state energy of hydrogen
hc = 1242 eV nm) [2004 - 4 Marks] atom = -13.6 eV)
ATOMS P.7
64. A hydrogen-like atom of atomic number Z is in an excited (i) Derive an expression for the radius of the nth Bohr
state of quantum number 2n. It can emit a maximum en- orbit.
ergy photon of 204 eV. If it makes a transition to quantum (ii) Find the value of n for which the radius of the orbit
state n, a photon of energy 40.8 eV is emitted. Find n, Z is approximately the same as that of the rst Bohr
and the ground state energy (in eV) that can be emitted orbit for the hydrogen atom.
by this atom during de-excitation. Ground state energy of
(iii) Find the wavelength of the radiation emitted when
hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV. [2000 - 6 Marks]
the mu-meson jumps from the third orbit of the
65. An electron, in a hydrogen-like atom, is in an excited rst orbit.
state. It has a total energy of -3.4 eV. Calculate (i) the
68. A double ionised Lithium atom is hydrogen-like with
kinetic energy and (ii) the de Broglie wavelength of the
atomic number 3. [1985 - 6 Marks]
electron. [1996 - 3 Marks]
(i) Find the wavelength of the radiation required to ex-
66. A hydrogen like atom (atomic number Z) is in a higher
cite the electron in Li++ from to the third Bohr or-
excited state of quantum number n. e excited atom can
bit. (Ionisation energy of the hydrogen atom equals
make a transition to the rst excited state by successively
13.6 eV.)
emitting two photons of energy 10.2 and 17.0 eV respec-
tively. Alternately, the atom from the same excited state (ii) How many spectral lines are observed in the emis-
can make a transition to the second excited state by suc- sion spectrum of the above excited system.
cessively emitting two photons of energies 4.25 eV and 69. e ionization energy of a hydrogen like Bohr atom is
5.95 eV respectively. [1994 - 6 Marks] 4 Rydbergs. (i) What is the wavelength of the radiation
Determine the values of n and Z. (Ionization energy of H- emitted when the electron jumps from the rst excited
atom = 13.6 eV) state to the ground state? (ii) What is the radius of the
rst orbit for this atom? [1984 - Marks]
67. A particle of charge equal to that of an electron, -e, and
mass 208 times the mass of the electron (called a mu-me- 70. Hydrogen atom in its ground state is excited by means of
son) moves in a circular orbit around a nucleus of charge monochromatic radiation of wavelength 975 Å. How many
+ 3e. (Take the mass of the nucleus to be innite). Assum- dierent lines are possible in the resulting spectrum? Cal-
ing that the Bohr model of the atom is applicable to this culate the longest wavelength amongst them. You may as-
system. [1988 - 6 Marks] sume the ionization energy for hydrogen atom as 13.6 eV.

Topic - 2 : Miscellaneous (Mixed Concepts) Problems

the stopping potential for the photoelectrons ejected by
Subjective Problems
the longer wavelength.
1. Light from a discharge tube containing hydrogen atoms (Rydberg constant = 1.094 ¥ 107 m–1) [1990 - 7 Marks]
falls on the surface of a piece of sodium. e kinetic en-
3. A gas of identical hydrogen-like atoms has some in
ergy of the fastest photoelectrons emitted from sodium is
the lowest (ground) energy level A and some atoms
0.73 eV. e work function for sodium is 1.82 eV. Find
in a particular upper (excited) energy level B and there
[1992 - 10 Marks] are no atoms any energy level. e atoms of the gas
(a) the energy of the photons causing the photoelectric make transtition to a higher energy 2.7 eV. Subse-
emission, quently, the atoms of only six dierent photon ener-
(b) the quantum numbers of the two levels involved in gies. Some of the emitted photons have energy 2.7 eV
the emission of these photons, some have energy more and some have less than 2.7 eV.
[1989 - 8 Marks]
(c) the change in the angular momentum of the elec-
tron in the hydrogen atom in the above transition, (i) Find the principal quantum number of the initially
and excited level B.
(d) the recoil speed of the emitting atom assuming it to (ii) Find the ionization energy for the gas atoms.
be at rest before the transition. (iii) Find the maximum and the minimum energies of
(Ionization potential of hydrogen is 13.6 eV) the emitted photons.
2. Electrons in hydrogen like atom (Z = 3) make transitions 4. A single electron orbits around a stationary nucleus of
from the fth to the fourth and from fourth to the third charge +Ze. Where Z is a constant and e is the magnitude
orbit. e resulting radiations are incident normally on of the electronic charge. It requires 47.2 eV to excite the
a metal plate and ejected by the shorter wavelength is electron from the second Bohr orbit to the third Bohr orbit.
3.95 volts. Calculate the work function of the metal and Find [1981 - 10 Marks]
P.8 PHYSICS — XII

(i) e value of Z. (iv) e kinetic energy, potential energy and the angular
(ii) e energy required to excite the electron from the momentum of the electron in the rst Bohr orbit.
third to the fourth Bohr orbit. (v) e radius of the rst Bohr orbit.
(iii) e wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation re- (e ionization energy of hydrogen atom = 13.6 eV, Bohr
quired to remove the electron from the rst Bohr radius = 5.3 ¥ 10–11 metre, velocity of light = 3 ¥ 108 m/
orbit to innity. sec. Planck,s constant = 6.6 ¥ 10–34 joules - sec).

Answer Key
Topic- 1 : Atomic Structure and Rutherford’s Nuclear Model

1. (c) d) 2. (c)

Topic- 2 : Bohr’s Model and the Spectra of the Hydrogen Atom

1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (d)

8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (a) 11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (d)
15. (b) 16. (c) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (b) 21. (d)
22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (d) 27. (a) 28. (b)
29. (d) 30. (a) 31. (c) 32. (b) 33. (d) 34. (d) 35. (3)
36. (5) 37. (6) 38. (2) 39. (2) 40. (51) 41. (10553.14)
42. (486.00) 43. (1) 44. (3.81) 45. (b, c) 46. (b, c) 47. (a, b, d) 48. (a, c)
49. (a, d) 50. (a, c, d) 51. A  p, r; B  q, s; C  p; Dq 52. (d) 53. (b)
54. (c) 55. (a) 56. (b) 57. (d) 58. (c) 59. (c) 60. (a)