KINE-311-4 Neuromuscular Clase 4
KINE-311-4 Neuromuscular Clase 4
KINE-311-4 Neuromuscular Clase 4
NEUROMUSCULARES AL
EJERCICIO
Sarkomere
Schwann
cell
Motor End-plate
Mitochondrion Nerve 100–1000 µm 10–100 µm 1µm
Vesicle ending Finger 1 Bundle of fibers 2 Muscle fiber (myocyte) 3 Myofibril
B. Sarcomere structure
2 Postsynaptic
Basement 6
membrane nm
folds
Plate 2.9
∼1.2µm
Actin
Plate 2.11
Tropomyosin
Troponin
Muscle fiber Sarcomere
H zone Actin filament
3 Acetylcholine
Actin
Z disk filament
vesicle Presynaptic membrane
Titin
Synaptic cleft with basement membrane
Nerve
ending Postsynaptic membrane (sarcolemma) Myosin
filament Z disk
M disk
4 K+
ACh
A band 1.6µm
Active Cholinergic γ
zone N-receptors Myosin filament
Myosin head
α α
Myosin molecule 10nm
I band
Muscle fiber 6nm
2+ +
(Ca ) Na M disk
(Partly after Akert and Peper)
binding
400 nA
P
4 nA
domain
Nucleotide-
KINE-311 Prof. MCs. NÉSTOR JOFRÉ
2 HERMOSILLA P
pocket 3
nm (ATP or ADP)
Regulatory light chain
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3
CONTRACCIÓN MUSCULAR
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4fmTtO
1bbo&t=1s
LA CONTRACCIÓN MUSCULAR
Sarcolemma
(cell membrane)
Triads
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion
– 90 mV High [Ca ]i
2+
DHPR
3 Myocardium RYR1
1 Ca2+ release
Rest AP Sarco-
plasmatic
High [Ca2+]i
Ca2+ reticulum 3 Myocardium
C. Sliding
Low [Ca filaments
2+]
i Actin-myosinII binding 1 Ca2+ release
Strong Weak Strong
Stimulus C. Sliding filaments
[Ca2+]i 2 Skeletal Cytosol
Actin-myosin II binding
Pi
AP Myosin II Pi ATP muscle Strong Weak Strong
Contraction
ADP ATP
DHPR
with Ca2+ Myosin II ATP Pi
0 10 a 20 30 ms
a a b Pi
channel
RYR2
AP ADP ATP
Actin 4nm 36nm or multiple
+30 mV Ca2+ 63
1 Strong binding 2 Work phase 3 Resting phase (ca. 90% of time; other a a a b
(ca.10% of time) myosin heads are meanwhile active)
muscle force
LA CONTRACCIÓN MUSCULAR
Single contractions Tetanus
Isometric
0 2 4 6 8 10 Time (s)
B. Types of contractions
A. Muscle strength at increasing and decreasing stimulus frequencies
Isometric Isotonic
Force
Resting
tension
Range of summation
0
0
Single contractions
Length
Tetanus
Range of summation
Isometric
force
Plate 2.14
Single contractions Tetanus isometric
Auxotonic
loaded
Isometric
muscle
0 2 4 6 8 10 Time (s)
0 2 4 6 8 10 Time (s)
Isometric Isotonic
Rest Rest
contraction contraction
B.B.Types
Types of contractions
of contractions C. Isometric muscle force relative to sarcomere length
100
80
(% of maximum)
Isometric Isotonic
Force
40 muscle
tension
20 curve Resting
0
0
tension
Length
0 curve
0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6
Isotonic, then 0 Auxotonic
Length After-
Lmax
isometric loaded
2.05 2.20
Plate 2.14
Auxotonic
isometric
1.90 Actin Myosin loaded
Sarcomere
working range
Total force
200 200
LA CONTRACCIÓN MUSCULAR
Normal
Active Resting
Normal
force tension
force
0 0
65 100 135 80 100 120
Relative muscle length Relative muscle length
(length at max. force, L max= 100 %) (length at max. force, L max= 100 %)
light
Shortening velocity
Fast
Power with
Load
(% of Vmax)
small load
Shortening
Slow
large load heavy
Time
0
Load = muscle force 69
• FACTORES SUPRAESPINALES.