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Mechanics of Materials

ME 373

Presented by
Lt Col Md Altab Hossain, PhD, CEng (UK), FIEB
Associate Professor & Postgraduate Coordinator
Dept. of Nuclear Science & Engineering, MIST
Email: altab76@gmail.com; altab@nse.mist.ac.bd
Contact: +88-01769024180
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STRESS STRAIN DIAGRAM
• Note the critical status for strength specification
 proportional limit
 elastic limit
 yield stress
 ultimate stress
 fracture stress

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


STRENGTH PARAMETERS
• Modulus of elasticity (Hooke’s Law)

  E
U 1 1 2
Strain energy density, u   u
V 2 2E

• Modulus of Resilience
1  pl
2
1
ur   pl pl 
2 2 E

• Modulus of Toughness
– It measures the enter area
under the stress-strain diagram

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


EXAMPLE 1
The stress–strain diagram for an aluminum alloy that is used
for making aircraft parts is shown in Fig. 3–19. If a specimen
of this material is stressed to 600 MPa, determine the
permanent strain that remains in the specimen when the load
is released. Also, find the modulus of resilience both before
and after the load application.

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


EXAMPLE 1 (cont)
Solutions
• When the specimen is subjected to the load, the strain is approximately
0.023 mm/mm.

• The slope of line OA is the modulus of elasticity,

450
E  75.0 GPa
0.006
• From triangle CBD,

E
BD 600 106

 
 75.0 109  
CD CD
 CD  0.008 mm/mm

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


EXAMPLE 1 (cont)
Solutions
• This strain represents the amount of recovered elastic strain.

• The permanent strain is

 OC  0.023  0.008  0.0150 mm/mm (Ans)


• Computing the modulus of resilience,

ur initial   pl pl  4500.006  1.35 MJ/m3 (Ans)


1 1
2 2
ur  final   pl pl  6000.008  2.40 MJ/m3 (Ans)
1 1
2 2

• Note that the SI system of units is measured in joules, where 1 J = 1 N •


m.

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


POISSON’s RATIO


 long  '
L  lateral 
r

 lat
v
 long

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


EXAMPLE 2
A bar made of A-36 steel has the dimensions shown in Fig.
3–22. If an axial force of P = 80kN is applied to the bar,
determine the change in its length and the change in the
dimensions of its cross section after applying the load. The
material behaves elastically.

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


EXAMPLE 2 (cont)
Solutions
• The normal stress in the bar is

P
z  
80 103  
 16.0 106 Pa  
A 0.10.05

• From the table for A-36 steel, Est = 200 GPa

z 
z

16.0 106 
 6
 
Est 200 10 6
 80 10 mm/mm

• The axial elongation of the bar is therefore

 z   z Lz  80106 1.5  120m (Ans)

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


EXAMPLE 2 (cont)
Solutions
• The contraction strains in both the x and y directions are

 x   y  vst z  0.3280106   25.6 m/m

• The changes in the dimensions of the cross section are

 x   x Lx  25.6106 0.1  2.56m (Ans)


 y   y Ly  25.6106 0.05  1.28m (Ans)

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


SHEAR STRESS-STRAIN DIAGRAM
• Strength parameter G – Shear modulus of elasticity or the
modules of rigidity
• G is related to the modulus of elasticity E and Poisson’s
ratio v.

  G

E
G
21  v 

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd


Stress-strain-temperature relationships

Stress vs. strain


Thermal strain
Deformation of axially loaded members
Stress-strain-temperature relationships
Stress-strain-temperature relationships
Stress-strain-temperature relationships
Stress-strain: Effects of temperature
Thank You
&
Question!!

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