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Science Activity Sheet

Quarter 3-MELC 5
Week 5
Series and Parallel Circuit

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

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Science - Grade 5
Activity Sheet No. 5- Series and Parallel Circuit
First Edition, 2021

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6- Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: “No copyright shall subsist in
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This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region VI-Western Visayas.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical without written
permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6- Western Visayas.

Development Team of Science Activity Sheet

Writers: Donna Mae V. Sajonia, Edna Rose P. Gueco

Illustrators: Donna Mae V. Sajonia, Edna Rose P. Gueco
Layout Artist: Donna Mae V. Sajonia, Edna Rose P. Gueco

Schools Division Quality Assurance Team:

Osward P. Acebedo
Vivian Tiguelo
Ellen G. De la Cruz

Division of Bacolod City Management Team

Gladys Amylaine D. Sales
Peter J. Galimba
Janalyn B. Navarro
Edna Rose P. Gueco
Ellen G. De la Cruz

Regional Management Team

Ramir B. Uytico
Pedro T. Escobarte, Jr
Elena P. Gonzaga
Donald T. Genine
Rovel R. Salcedo
Moonyeen C. Rivera,
Anita S. Gubalane
Minda L. Soldevilla
Daisy L. Lopez
Joseph M. Pagalaran
Introductory Message
Welcome to Science 5!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Bacolod City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas
through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is
developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible adults)
in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic Education
Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed to

guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using the
contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Science 5 Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the leaching-learning
activities specified in each Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) with minimal
or no face-to-face encounter between you and learner. This will be made available to
the learners with the references/links to ease the independent learning .

For the learner:

The Science 5 Activity Sheet is developed to help you continue learning even
if you are not in school. This learning material provides you with meaningful and
engaging activities for independent learning. Being an active learner, carefully read
and understand the instructions then perform the activities and answer the
assessments. This will be returned to your facilitator on the agreed schedule.

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Name of Learner: ____________________________________________________
Grade and Section: _______________________________ Date: ______________

SCIENCE ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 5

Series and Parallel Circuit

I. Learning Competency with Code

Determine the effects of changing the number or type of component in a
circuit (S5FE-IIIg-7).

II. Background Information for Learners

In the previous lesson, a simple circuit was defined as the arrangement of
electrical components that permit current to flow from the source or battery to the load
or bulb and back to the source. A simple circuit is composed of a source/battery, load
like a light bulb, connecting wire, and switch. In your home, several light bulbs and
appliances are being used. Do you know how these bulbs and appliances are
connected and function?

This learning activity enables you to discover the effect of changing the number
or type of components in a circuit.

III. Activity Proper

Directions: Gather all the materials and perform this activity. Seek help from an adult
at home. Read and follow the procedure carefully. Write your answers in your Science
notebook.

Activity 1: Light Me Up? ( If materials are available)

Materials: 4- flashlight bulbs (1.5-V) in a socket
2- new 1.5-V dry cells (size D), electrical tape,
10 pcs- 30cm long connecting wires (alligator clips- optional)

Procedure
1. Take note of the symbols used in the circuit diagram shown in Table 1.
2. Record all your observations in Table 2.

Table 1. Electrical symbols for components of a simple circuit.

Name of Component Actual Drawing Symbol

Dry Cell
- +
Light Bulb

Connecting Wire

Switch

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 3. Assemble the simple circuit (Figure 1) consisting of a dry cell, connecting wires,
and light bulbs. Close the circuit by connecting all the components and observe
closely the brightness of the bulb.

- +
`.
Figure 1. A Simple Circuit

4. Add one identical bulb connecting it in series with the first bulb in the circuit
(Figure 2). Observe the brightness of the bulbs. Compare the brightness with
a set-up having 1 bulb.

- +

Figure 2. A simple series circuit

5. While glowing, remove one of the bulbs from the circuit. Observe what
happens to the other bulb.

6. This time the added identical bulb is connected parallel with the first bulb in
the circuit (Figure 3). Observe the brightness of the bulbs. Compare its
brightness with that of 1 bulb only.

- +

Figure 3. A simple parallel

circuit
7. While glowing, remove one of the bulbs from the circuit. Observe what
happens to the other bulb.

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 Table 2. Observation table.

Circuit Number Describe the brightness of the Describe how the other bulb
of bulbs bulbs behaved when 1 bulb is
removed from the circuit
Simple
Series
Parallel

Answer the following

1. Compare the brightness of bulbs when in series and in parallel circuit?

Explain your answer.
Series circuit: __________________________________________________
Parallel circuit: _________________________________________________

2. How do a series circuit and parallel circuit work?

Series Circuit: __________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Parallel Circuit: _________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

The electric circuit is an arrangement or connection of electrical components

that permits current to flow. There are two types of electric circuits – series and parallel
circuit. Table 3 below differentiates the series from the parallel circuit.

SERIES CIRCUIT PARALLEL CIRCUIT

-all components are connected end-to-end, -all components are connected across each
forming a single loop. other, it has two sets of electrically common
- current flows in a single path points, forming two loops
- when one bulb is loosened or busted all -current flows in two or more paths
other bulbs will not light up - when one bulb is burned out, the other
-loosened bulb breaks and opens the bulb will still light up.
pathway so electricity cannot flow through -bulbs still light up because each bulb has
its pathway or direct connection to the
source

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Activity 2.

Directions. Determine the proper circuit connection that should be applied to the
following situations and explain your answer. You may ask help from your parents to
answer this activity.
Situation Type of Circuit Reason
1. Connection of
appliances at home.
2. Street lights
3. Lighting system at
home, schools or offices
4. Christmas lights

IV. Reflection

Why is it important to understand the principle of a series and parallel circuit?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

VI. Other References

Larisma, E.T., Mariano, J.J. M., and Apolinario, N. A.; RBS Science and
Technology Series; The New Science Links Worktext in Science and Technology
pp. 272-277; Year Published & Copyrighted: 2017; Main Office at 856 Nicanor Reyes
Sr. St., Sampaloc Manila; Distributed by: Rex Book Store Inc. (RBSI)

Sarte, E. T., Garcia, E. R. Lopez, E. E., Dela Cruz, M.J.G., & Arradaza, H. A.;
Science Beyond Borders Textbook, pp. 144-147; Year Published & Copyrighted:
2016, Main Office at 1235 G. Araneta Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines; Distributed
by: Vibal Group Inc.

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VI. Answer Key
Activity 1: Light Me Up

Table 2: Observation Table

Circuit Number Describe the brightness of the Describe how the other bulb
of bulbs bulbs behaved when 1 bulb is
removed from the circuit
Simple 1 glow brightly (not applicable)
Series 2 dimmer compared with 1 bulb the other bulb did not light up
The other bulb continued to
Parallel 2 the same brightness as with 1 bulb
light up

Guide Questions:

1. How the brightness changes when the number of bulbs increase?

Series circuit: In a series circuit, as the number of bulb increases, the bulbs glow
dimmer than that of the single bulb.
Parallel circuit: In a parallel circuit, as the number of bulb increases, the brightness
of each bulb is the same as the brightness of a single bulb.

2. Why bulbs connected in series glow the way they do?

The bulbs connected in series glow dimmer because all the bulbs in the circuit
shared the total voltage of the circuit given by battery. For example, the total
voltage of the circuit is 1.5V (voltage of the battery), the bulbs connected in series
then gets 0.75V each. The smaller the voltage the lesser the current that flows in
the circuit.

3. Series Circuit: Loads in series divide the total voltage of the circuit. There is only
one current flowing throughout the circuit from the source to the loads and back to
the source.
Parallel Circuit: Every Load has a direct connection to the source, therefore each
load consumed a voltage equal to the total voltage of the circuit. Current flows
from the source branched out to different paths to the loads .

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Practice Exercise

Situation Type of Reason

Circuit
1. Connection of Parallel Every appliance needs a fixed required voltage in order to
appliances at home. Circuit operate properly. When one is disconnected other appliances
will not be affected. Each has its own switch and connection
direct to the voltage source.
2. Street lights Series Street lights will light up together with only one switch. This
Circuit helps us save time and effort from turning all the lights on.
This saves us electricity.
3. Lighting fixtures at Parallel Lighting fixtures at home, schools or offices are connected
home, schools or Circuit parallel to give us the brightness that we need.
offices
4. Christmas lights Series Christmas lights are connected in series to prevent each bulb
Circuit from overheating because voltage is divided into all bulbs.
Small voltage produces less current and less current
produces less heat. It saves electricity.

Reflection

KnowingHow thewill
principles of series
you describe and parallel
a series and acircuits arecircuit?
parallel necessary for us to understand
because it helps us and guides us on the proper ways of connecting our appliances and
lighting fixtures at home safely. Applying an appropriate circuit connections at home,
offices, schools and malls prevents accidents to happen. It enable us to learn how to
save energy and money from paying our electric bills.