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    Micro Controller

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    Muhammod Sajeeb
    A microcontroller is a programmable digital processor that has a CPU, memory, and input/output ports integrated into a single chip. It is smaller and less versatile than a microprocessor but is optimized for applications where cost, power, and space are critical constraints. When choosing a microcontroller, key factors include meeting computing needs efficiently and cost-effectively, availability of development tools, and reliable sources. The 8051 microcontroller architecture features 4 I/O ports, 2 timers/counters, a serial port, and interrupt control integrated onto a single chip.

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    Micro Controller

    Uploaded by

    Muhammod Sajeeb
    32 views9 pages
    A microcontroller is a programmable digital processor that has a CPU, memory, and input/output ports integrated into a single chip. It is smaller and less versatile than a microprocessor but is optimized for applications where cost, power, and space are critical constraints. When choosing a microcontroller, key factors include meeting computing needs efficiently and cost-effectively, availability of development tools, and reliable sources. The 8051 microcontroller architecture features 4 I/O ports, 2 timers/counters, a serial port, and interrupt control integrated onto a single chip.

    Original Description:

    Microcontroller with basic 8051 diagram

    Original Title

    MicroController

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    A microcontroller is a programmable digital processor that has a CPU, memory, and input/output ports integrated into a single chip. It is smaller and less versatile than a microprocessor but is optimized for applications where cost, power, and space are critical constraints. When choosing a microcontroller, key factors include meeting computing needs efficiently and cost-effectively, availability of development tools, and reliable sources. The 8051 microcontroller architecture features 4 I/O ports, 2 timers/counters, a serial port, and interrupt control integrated onto a single chip.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views9 pages

    Micro Controller

    Uploaded by

    Muhammod Sajeeb
    A microcontroller is a programmable digital processor that has a CPU, memory, and input/output ports integrated into a single chip. It is smaller and less versatile than a microprocessor but is optimized for applications where cost, power, and space are critical constraints. When choosing a microcontroller, key factors include meeting computing needs efficiently and cost-effectively, availability of development tools, and reliable sources. The 8051 microcontroller architecture features 4 I/O ports, 2 timers/counters, a serial port, and interrupt control integrated onto a single chip.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    A Microcontroller is a programmable digital processor

    The necessary tools for a


    microprocessor/controller
    • CPU: Central Processing Unit
    • I/O: Input /Output
    • Bus: Address bus & Data bus
    • Memory: RAM & ROM
    • Timer
    • Interrupt
    • Serial Port
    • Parallel Port
    Microprocessors:
    General-purpose microprocessor
    • CPU for Computers
    • No RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself
    • Example：Intel’s x86, Motorola’s 680x0

    Many chips on mother’s board


    Data Bus
    CPU
    General-Pur
    pose Serial
    RAM ROM I/O Timer
    Micro-proc COM
    Port
    essor Port

    Address Bus

    General-Purpose Microprocessor System


    Microcontroller :

    • A smaller computer
    • On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...
    • Example：Motorola’s 6811, Intel’s 8051, Zilog’s Z8 and PIC
    16X

    CPU RAM ROM


    A single chip
    Serial
    I/O Timer COM
    Port
    Port
    Microcontroller
    Microprocessor vs. Microcontroller
    Microcontroller
    Microprocessor • CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and
    • CPU is stand-alone, RAM, timer are all on a single chip
    ROM, I/O, timer are
    separate • fix amount of on-chip ROM,
    RAM, I/O ports
    • designer can decide on the
    amount of ROM, RAM and • for applications in which cost,
    I/O ports. power and space are critical
    • expansive • single-purpose
    • versatility
    • general-purpose
    Three criteria in Choosing a Microcontroller

    1. meeting the computing needs of the task efficiently and cost


    effectively
    • speed, the amount of ROM and RAM, the number of I/O
    ports and timers, size, packaging, power consumption
    • easy to upgrade
    • cost per unit
    2. availability of software development tools
    • assemblers, debuggers, C compilers, emulator, simulator,
    technical support
    3. wide availability and reliable sources of the microcontrollers.
    Block Diagram 8051
    External interrupts
    Archeticture
    On-chip Timer/Counter

    Interrupt ROM for


    On-chip Timer 1 Counter
    Control program
    code RAM Timer 0 Inputs

    CPU

    Bus Serial
    4 I/O Ports
    OSC Control Port

    P0 P1 P2 P3 TxD RxD
    Address/Data
    8051 Architecture
    • 32 I/O pins arranged as four 8 bit ports (P0 – P3)
    • 2 16-bit timer/counters: T0 and T1
    • Full duplex serial data receiver/transmitter: SBUF
    • Control registers: TCON, TMOD, SCON, PCON, IP
    and IE
    • 2 external and 3 internal interrupt sources
    • Oscillator and clock circuits

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