Revised Syllabus for 2022-23 Board Examination

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SECTION A
1. Relations and Functions

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(i) Types of Relations

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Reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto
functions, composite functions, inverse of a function. Binary operahons.

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• Relations as:

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- Relation on a set A.

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- Identity relation, empty relation, universal relation.

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- Types of Relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relation.
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(v)
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 • Binary operation: all axioms and properties
• Functions:
- As �l'ccinl re/at ion.'-, (01tcept of writing "y is a function of x" as Y ==- (x).
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- Types: one lo v11c, 111a11y to 011c, int-a, onto.
- Real pa/ued fimcl io11.
- Domain a11d range of a function.

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- Co11ditio11s of i11vcrtibility.
- Composite fu11ctio11s and invertible functions ( algebraic functions only).

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(ii) Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Definition, domain, range, principal value branc h . Graph s of inverse

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tri onometric functions. Elementary properties of inverse trigon ometri
c
functions.

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- Principal values.
- sin- 1x, cos- 1 x, tan- 1x etc. and their graphs.

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sin-1 x = cos -1 .J 1-x 2 = tan -1 .J X
1-x 2
_ sin-ix = cosec-1 : ; sin-1 x + cos-1 x = ; and similar relations for cot-1 x,
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tan- 1 x, etc.
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sin-1 x±sin-1 y=sm-1 (xJ1-y 2 ±y l-x 2 ) ✓

✓ 1-x
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cos-1 x±cos- 1 y=cos- 1 (xy + J1-y 2 2

)
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-1 x+ y
Similarly tan-1 x + tan-1 y = tan -�, xy < 1
1-xy
-1 - x y
tan-1 x-tan-1 y = tan ---'-- , xy >-1
l+xy
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- Formulae for 2 sin-1 x, 2 cos-1 x, 2 tan- 1 x, 3 tan- 1 x etc. and application of

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these formulae.
2. Algebra
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Matrices and Determinants

(i) Matrices
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matriX,
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transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Operation

o� matrices. Addition and multiplication and multiplication with a scalar.
Simple properties of addition, multiplication and scala mul iplicati 011•
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Non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices and
existence of n on-zero

(vi)
 matrices whose roduct is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of
order upto 3), Concept of elementary row and colurnnope.r..abons. lnvertible
matrices and proof of the w1iqueness of inverse, if it exists (here alJ matrices
will have real entries).
(ii) Determinants
Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 x 3 matrices), properties of
determinants, minors, co-factors and applications of determinants in finding
the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. Consistency,
inconsistency and number of solutions of system o inear equations by

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examples, so lving system of linear equations in two or three variables

- Types of matrices(m x n; m,n � 3),order; Identity matrix, Diagonal matrix.

(having unique solution) us�g inverse of a matrix.

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- Symmetric,Skew symmetric.

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- Operation - addition, subtraction, multiplication of a matrix with scalar,
multiplication of two matrices(the compatibility).

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E.g. [� � ][� �] = AB (say) but BA is not possible.

- Singular and non-singular matrices.

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- Existence of two non-zero matrices whose product is a zero matrix.
Ad'A
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- Inverse(2x2,3x3)A-1 = ,1,
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• Martin's Rule (i.e., using matrices)

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a2x + b2y + c2z = d2

a1 x + b1y + c1 z = d1

a3x +[� ,z d3
\: ;

A = a2 b2 c2 ] B = [d2 ] X = [Xy]
dl
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a3 b3 c3 d3 z
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AX= B ⇒ X = A-1 B
Problems based on above.
Note 1: The conditions for consistency of equations in two and three variables,
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using matrices, are to be covered.

Note 2: Inverse of a matrix by elementary operations to be covered.

- Order
• Determinants

- Minors
- Cofactors
(vii)
 - r,7,1ms1n11
� ',f,1 r1t1n11:, of d<'ll'r111i11m1fs in fi11di11s tlTC area off rinngle and collinearity.
- Propcrf,c.-. of ,frtcr111111m1fs. Problems hnsed 011 properties of determinants.
J. akulus
(i) ·ontmuity, Differentiability and Differentiation. Contin uity a nd
Jiftcrcnti,1bility, deri,·ativc of cnmposite functions, chain rule, deri vative
s
o� inn'r�c trigonometric functions, derivative of implicit functions. Con cept
(1t c\.poncnti.11 and logarithmic functions.

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Dcri,·ati,·cs of logarithmic and exponential functions. Log arit h mic
dttforcntiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric fo r ms.

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St--cond order derivatives, Rolle's and Lagrange's Mean Value Theo rems
\\ ithout root1 and their geometric interpretation.

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• Continuity
-
Continuity of a function at a point x = a.
-

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Continuity of a function in an interval.
-
Algebra of continuous function.

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Removable discontinuity.
• Differentiation
- Concept of continuity and differentiability of Ix I, [x], etc.
- Derivatives of trigonometric functions.
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Derivatives of exponential functions.
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- Derivatives of logarithmic functions.

- Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions-differentiation by means of
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substitution.
- Derivatives of implicit functions and chain rule for composite functions.
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- Derivatives of Parametric functions.

- Differentiation of afunction with respect to anotherfunction e.g., differentiation
of sinx 3 with respect to x3.
- wgarithmic Differentiation-Finding dy/dx when y = x x
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- Successive differentiation up to 2nd order.

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.Note 1: Derivatives of composite functions using chain rule.

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Note 2: Derivatives of determinants to be covered.

• L'Hospital's theorem
0 rr..,
- - form, - form, 00 from, 00 form etc.
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00

0 00

• Rolle's Mean Va]ue Theorem - its geometrics interpretation.

• Lagrange's Mean Value Theorem - its geometrical interpretation.

(VIII)
(i) Application of Derivative
pp li_ �ti on of dcr i vt1li es: r..itc of hang of bodi
es, in rea ing/ d •cre;:i iog
fun tions, lang�n t and norma l s, use of derivatives in appr
_ _ oximation,
ma ima an_d 1�m1ma (fir t derivative te t motivat d geometrical l y c1nd
ond den ahv� t st given as a provab le tool). Simp l e problems (that
�e _ �
11lustrilt� ba •1c principles and understandjng of the ubject as wel l a real­
life situations).
• Equation of Tangent and Normal
• A roximation

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• Rate measure

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• Increasing and decreasing functions
• Maxima and minima

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- Stationary/turning points
- Absolute maxima/minima

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- Local maxima/minima
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-
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First derivatives test and second derivatives test
Point of inflexion
- Application problems based on maxima and minima.
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(ii) Integrals
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Integration as inverse process of differentitation. Integration of a variety of

functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, Evaluation of
simple integrals of the following types and problems based on them.
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Definite integrals as a limit of a sum, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

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(without proof). Basic properties of defini�e integrals and evaluation of

definite integrals.
• Indefinite integral
- Integration as the inverse of differentiation.
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- Anti-derivatives of polynomials and functions (ax + b)", sinx, cosx, sec2x,

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cosec2x, etc.
- Integrals of the type sin2 x, sin3 x, sin4 x, cos2 x, cos3 x, cos4 x
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- Integration of 1/x, ex .
- Integration by substitution.
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- Integrals of the type f'(x) [f(x)]", '(x
(x) ·
f
- Integration of tanx, cotx, secx, cosecx.
- Integration by parts.

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- /11/cgmfion using pnrfialfu11ctio11s. Expre. s,on f(x)
of the form whende
,z(x):,,_, ree
o f(x) degr<'r ofg(x).

Eg., --- x+2 A

-- = --+--
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(x - 3)(x + 1) x -3 x + 1

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x+2 A 8 +-- C
------ ---+---
(x - 2)(x -1) 2 - x -1 (x -1)
2
x-2

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x+l Ax+B C
x-1

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------=---+--
(x +3)(x-1)
2 2
x +3
When degree of f(x) � degree of g(x),

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x2 +1 3x+1
x + 3x + 2 x + 3x + 2 J
=1- (

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e.g., 2 2

• Integrals of the type:

f 2 dx 2 I f-,- -
dx -, f 2px + q dx, f-,---�
+
px q dX
x ±a Jx ± a ax + bx + c
2 2
R Jax + bx + c
2

and ffa 2 ± x 2 dx, f)x2 -a 2 dx,

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fJax2 +bx+c dx, f(px+q) ax2 +bx+c dx, ✓
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integrations reducible to the above forms.

dx
fa cos x + b sin x '
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f dx f dx dx
a + b cos x ' a + b sin x ' facosx + bsinx + c'
(acosx + bsinx)dx
,
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f ccosx + dsinx
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dx
facos2 x + bsin x+c
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J + x2
_ 4 dx,
I1+x
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dx
f1+x4, fJtanxdx, f.Jcotxdx etc
 • D efinite integral
- D�fi'11ite i11te ml as n lirnit of the sum.
- Fundamental theorem of calculus (without pro
of)
- Properties of definite integrals.
- Problems based on the following properties of definite integrals are
to be covered.
f: f(x)dx = f: f(t)dt
f: f(x)dx = - f: f(x)dx
f: f(x)dx = J: f(x)dx + { f(x)dx where a< c < b

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J:

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J: f(a b-x)dY
f(x)dx = +

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J; f(x)dx = J; f(a-x)dx
{2 J: f(x)dx, if f(2a -x)- f (x)

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a
: f(x)dx =
J
0
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, 1f f(2a-x) =- f(x)

2 J; f(x)dx, iff is an even function

r f(x)dx = {
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-a O, if f is an odd function
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(iv) Differential Equations

Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential
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equation. Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given.

Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables,
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solutions of homogeneous differential equation of first order and first degree.

dy
Solutions of linear differential equation of the type: + py = q, where p
dx
dx
and q are functions of x or constants. + px = q, where p and q are functions
dy
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of y or constants.
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- Differential equations, order and degree.

- Formation of differential equation by eliminating arbitran; constant(s).
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- Solution of differential equations.

- Variable separable.
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- Homogeneous equations.
dy
- Linear form +Py= Q where P and Qare functions ofx only. Similarly for
dx
dx/dy.
- Solve problems of application on growth nnd decay.
 ....,,1h y ,,,,1,,t1,11,m, /,,1.,,,t f 1,rnt,/,•m,;; 01111pl'lirnfio11 of diffcrntial ,·quafion
...._c>/;1t· p,1/1/cm-. of t11'f1lict1f ion on, nord111alc Xl'ometry.
ote t: Equ.ill m� rcdu ible to ariablc separable type are included.
Not 2: Tiw :--ccnnd order differential equations are excluded.
4. Probabi I ity
onditi )nal probability, multiplication theorem on p�obability independ
� en t
c\· �n�, t tat probability, Bayes' theorem, Rando� vanable and •� probabi
Jity
distrit uti n, mean and variance of random variable. Repeated mdepen d

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( fkn1ou lli) trial - and Binomial distribution.

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- l11dependent and dependent events, conditional events.
- Liw • of Probability, addition theorem, multiplication theorem, condition
al

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probability.
- Theorem of Total Probability.

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- Baye's theorem.
- Theoretical probability distribution, probability distributionfunction; mean and

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variance ofrandom variable, Repeatea independent (Bernoulli trials), binomial
di tribution - its mean and variance.
SECTION B
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5. Vectors
Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines
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and direction ratios of a vector. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel
and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector,
components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by
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a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio.

Definition, Geometrical interpretation, properties and application of scalar
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(dot) product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors, scalar triple

product of vectors.
- As directed line segments.
- Magnitude and direction of a vector.
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- Types: equal vectors, unit vectors, zero vector.

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- Position vector.
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- Components of a vector.
- Vectors in two and three dimensions.
- i , J, k as unit vectors along the
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x, y and the z axes; expr essing a vector in terms

of the unit vectors.
- Operations: Sum and Diff
erence of vectors; scalar multiplication of a vector.
Section formula.

(xii)
-
- Trim,�/ in<'qunlilirs.
afar (d ot) product of vectors and its geometrical significance.
ros' µroduct-its properties-area ofa triangle, area of parallelogram, collinear
1,rctors.
- Sca/m' triple pmduct-volume of a parallclopiped co-planarit
Note: Proofs of geometrical theorems by using Vector algebra are excluded.
6. Three-dimensional Geometry
Direction cosines and direction ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian

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equation and vector equation of a line, co lanar and skew Jines, shortest
ditanccs between two lines. Cartesian and vector equation of a plane. Angle

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between (i) two lines, (-ii- ) two planes, (iii) a line and a plane. Distance of a
point from a plane.

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- Equation of x-axis, y-axis, z-axis and lines parallel to them.
- Equation of xy-plane, yz-plane, zx-plane.

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- Direction cosines, direction ratios.
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- Angle between two lines in terms of direction cosines/direction ratios.
- Condition for lines to.be perpendicular/parall�l.
• Lines
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- Cartesian and vector equations of a line through one and two points.
- Coplanar and skew lines.
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- Conditions for intersection of two lines.

- Distance of a point from a line.
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- Shortest 'iiistance between two lines.

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Note : Symmetric and non-symmetric forms of lines are required to be covered.

• Planes
- Cartesian and vector equation of a plane.
- Direction ratios of the normal to the plane.
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- One point form.

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- Normal form.
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- Intercept form.
- Distance of a point from a plane.
- Intersection of the line and plane.
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- Angle between two planes, a line and a plane.

- Equation of a plane through the intersection of two planes i.e., P1 + kP2 = 0.

(xiii)
 7. Application of Integrals W
App Ii ati n in finding the area bounded by �imple curves an
d coor .
axes. Arc.1 en I s d between two curve . dtriat�
- App1�·calio11 of dcfi11itc i11tcgrals-nrca bounded by curves, lines and coor
_
axes ,s rcqu,r<'d to be couen·d. di
nates
- impl c cu rues: lines, circles/pambolns/ellip e , polynomialsfunctions, rn0
d
- fun ·tio11, t ri�o11nml'I
' ric 1111ctio11, cxpo11c11tialf1111ctions, logarithmic ru, �Ills
ns
Jl 1Cf10:

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SECTION C
8. Application of Calculus

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Application of Calculus in Commerce and Economics in the followin
g:
- Co�t f1111ctio11

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- zrginnl cost and its interpretation
111

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- de111a11dfu11ction
- r Lenue fimction

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- marginal revenue function and its interpretation,
- Profitfunction and breakeven point.
- Rough sketching of the following curves: AR, MR, R, C, AC, MC and
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their mathematical interpretation using the concept of maxima & minima
and increasing-decreasing functions.
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Self-explanatory.
Note: Application ir1 volving differentiation, integration, increasing and
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decreasing function and maxima and minima to be covered.

9. Linear Regression
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- Lines of regression of x and y on x.

- Scatter diagrams
- The method of least squares.
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- Lines of best fit.

- Regression coefficient of x ori yand yon x.
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- bxy x byx = r2I 0 � bxy x byx � 1

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- Identification of regression equations

- An le between regression line and properties of regression lines.
- Estimation of the value of one variable using the value of other variablefr0111
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appropriate line of regresssion.

Self-explanatory.

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10. Linear Programming

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Introd uction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function,

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optimization, different types of linear programming (L.P.) proble1ns,·
mathematical formulation of L.P. problems, graphical method of solution

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for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions (bounded and

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unbounded), feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up
to three non-trivial constraints).

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Introduction, definition of related terminology such as constraints, objective
Junction, optimization, advantages of linear programming; limitations of linear

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programming; application areas of linear programming ; different types of lin�ar

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programming (L.P.) problems, mathe1natical formulation of L.P problems, graphical
method of solution for problems in tivo variables, feasible and infeasible regions,
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feasible and infeasible solutions, optimum feasible solution.

tt o� � ,, CMt5 fnto.,� on e ">1)blefl1 j s e.x c_1.u.Jul •

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StCTI0N A
KELATTONS AND FUNCTLONS
Chaf. 2. Funttion Excntise. 2(b) : Ertist to orGR. n0t

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Sum no. 1s Cito iv)

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Exetise 2 () :-

nob veAuir

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haf 3. 8inary O(roti ons Entre dhafteis nob oeluir

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Fun ctions
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IALGEGRA
hal. 9. Dettominants Exertise SCC) Sum no. 2 C,i,
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3,4 amd S ore nott

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Arrea thetbiange
Exerise 6CL):- Entre Exeise notr
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Exextise 6 ) : - Sumno. 11,12, 18,4,19,

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6,1tand19 are not

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CALCULUS
Chal 9.Indettrsninate Forms-Gntire halter not
OLimits

2 Chaf. 1l0. Mean Value Theovem5 - Entirthafteor no

sRAuire
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4 Chaf 12. Maxima nd -
:-

no irt
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SChal 16 Deknite mtetrls:-Exertise 16Ca):- Etire

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 SECTION-8
VECTO3s
has 22 Vectos Continued) Eestise 22.C):. 6tr
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L:THREE DIMENTDNAL GEoETRY

Chal:23. Three Dimensional Exerise 23(e) :- Sum no 5, 9Pna

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Eeise 23 G):- Entre B«eis

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not reu

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Exertise 24 CA)Entire bxUrtise
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Sum:no.
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22 and 23
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Exeotise 28 ():-Sum no. 14
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