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    Cam and Follower Mechanism

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    Malik Taimoor
    The document discusses the cam and follower mechanism. It describes how a cam follower rides on the path of a cam to convert rotational motion into linear motion. It then discusses different types of cams and followers. Graphs are presented showing the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of a follower at various angles as the cam rotates. The conclusion states that the motion of the follower had three regions - rise, linger, and fall - and that cam-follower mechanisms are widely used in applications like engine valves, barrels, saws, and machines.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Cam and Follower Mechanism

    Uploaded by

    Malik Taimoor
    57 views7 pages
    The document discusses the cam and follower mechanism. It describes how a cam follower rides on the path of a cam to convert rotational motion into linear motion. It then discusses different types of cams and followers. Graphs are presented showing the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of a follower at various angles as the cam rotates. The conclusion states that the motion of the follower had three regions - rise, linger, and fall - and that cam-follower mechanisms are widely used in applications like engine valves, barrels, saws, and machines.

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    The document discusses the cam and follower mechanism. It describes how a cam follower rides on the path of a cam to convert rotational motion into linear motion. It then discusses different types of cams and followers. Graphs are presented showing the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of a follower at various angles as the cam rotates. The conclusion states that the motion of the follower had three regions - rise, linger, and fall - and that cam-follower mechanisms are widely used in applications like engine valves, barrels, saws, and machines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    57 views7 pages

    Cam and Follower Mechanism

    Uploaded by

    Malik Taimoor
    The document discusses the cam and follower mechanism. It describes how a cam follower rides on the path of a cam to convert rotational motion into linear motion. It then discusses different types of cams and followers. Graphs are presented showing the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of a follower at various angles as the cam rotates. The conclusion states that the motion of the follower had three regions - rise, linger, and fall - and that cam-follower mechanisms are widely used in applications like engine valves, barrels, saws, and machines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 7

    CAM AND FOLLOWER MECHANISM

    OBJECTIVE
    Understanding the operation of the cam-follower system and the relationship between cam
    and follower kinematics.

    THEORY
    A cam follower is a mechanical component that rides following the path of a cam, which is a
    device that converts rotational motion into linear motion. Cam followers are commonly found
    in systems requiring accurate placement or controlled movement, such as conveyor systems,
    machine tools, and other mechanical systems.
    The illustration depicts a push rod cam follower mechanism with a rocker arm on top, which
    incorporates all of the components that may be included in various system versions. This cam
    follower system includes a detailed depiction of its components.
    TYPES OF CAMS

    • Disc or Plate Cam


    The disc or plate cam is a form of cam where the follower
    travels radially from the cam's centre of rotation. This cam is
    particularly popular because of its simple design and
    compactness, which allows it to be installed in remote areas.
    Disc and plate cams are used in IC engines and machine
    machines.

    • Cylindrical Cam
    The cylindrical cam is a type of cam in which the cylinder is
    rotated about its axis and circumferential outlines are
    carved on the cylinder's surfaces. They are also divided
    into two sorts. In the first kind, a positive oscillating
    groove is carved on the surface of the cam and roller.

    • Translating Cam
    A translating cam is a kind of cam that can revolve in
    the horizontal plane. The follower is likewise connected,
    and the motion is halted by a spring. Groove cams are
    sometimes utilized to create follower motion without
    the need of a spring.
    • Wedge Cam
    We call a cam a wedge cam if it has linear motion.
    Wedge cams have a four-link system, with the first being
    a fixed link and the second looking like a cam wedge. It is
    determined by the outlines of this wedge; while this cam
    oscillates horizontally, the follower will oscillate
    vertically together with this prismatic pair or this guide.

    FOLLOWER
    The cam's movement is followed by the follower, which is a translating or oscillating mechanical
    part. It might be spring-loaded or contact the cam's surface profile. It might have uniform
    velocity or uniform acceleration. Complex output motion may be generated via trailing motion.

    TYPES OF FOLLOWERS

    • Oscillating Follower
    The cam spins as previously, but it is the follower that oscillates due
    to the geometry of the cam, and the follower is hinged at this point.
    As a result, it is known as an oscillatory follower.

    • Knife-Edged Follower
    If the follower just has a knife-edge with the cam, it is referred as as
    a knife-edge follower. Due of the extremely high wear rate, a knife-
    edge follower is never deployed, hence the knife-edge is merely
    theoretical. The contact tension will be excessive.
    • Flat Face Follower
    A flat face follower is the follower surface that makes contact with
    the cam as a flat surface. Instead of a flat, the trailing surface might
    be curved. Because the cam rotates and the follower that rests here
    oscillates, this is referred to as a curved face. If space is restricted,
    like in the case of autos, we can employ a flat face follower if the
    force involved is not particularly significant.

    • Roller Follower
    The follower is hinged to a roller and is in contact with the roller
    cam; this is called a roller follower. It is the cam that spins, and the
    follower that is on here oscillates. It is used when a large power has
    to be transmitted like in stationary IC engines.

    If there is not enough room to use a larger roller because this pin
    must be sufficiently large to transmit force between the cam and
    the follower, and the roller must be at least twice as large as the
    pin, then the roller requires a lot of space.
    RESULTS

    Angle Displacement Velocity Acceleration


    (degrees) (mm) (mm/s) (mm/s2)
    0 0.00 0.00 0.00
    15 2.23 1.98 -0.48
    30 4.45 1.92 0.50
    45 6.86 2.09 -0.29
    60 8.74 1.88 -0.17
    75 10.92 2.17 0.22
    90 13.20 2.35 0.05
    105 15.41 2.13 -0.01
    120 17.49 2.07 -0.20
    135 19.58 2.09 -1.00
    150 21.87 2.20 2.28
    165 25.85 2.53 1.28
    180 27.39 1.10 -0.13
    195 27.44 -0.18 -0.05
    210 27.45 -0.05 -0.02
    225 27.36 0.00 -0.08
    240 27.21 0.02 0.35
    255 27.11 0.11 4.00
    270 26.18 -0.24 0.17
    285 21.76 -4.24 -0.22
    300 17.34 -4.42 0.61
    315 13.14 -4.20 -0.89
    330 8.32 -4.18 0.47
    345 4.40 -3.92 -4.40
    360 0.00 0.00 0.00

    CALCULATIONS

    𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 Ɵ2 − 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑎𝑡 Ɵ1
    𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
    𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑏/𝑤 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠
    6.86 − 4.45
    𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
    1
    𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 2.09 𝑚/𝑠

    𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑎𝑡 Ɵ2 − 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑎𝑡 Ɵ1
    𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
    𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑏/𝑤 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠
    2.09 − 1.82
    𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
    1
    𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 0.27 𝑚/𝑠 2

    GRAPHS

    Angle vs. Displacement


    30

    25
    Displacement (mm)

    20

    15

    10

    0 360, 0
    0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
    Angle (Ɵ)

    Angle vs. Velocity


    3
    2
    1
    Velocity (m/s)

    0 360, 0
    -30 20 70 120 170 220 270 320 370
    -1
    -2
    -3
    -4
    -5
    Angle (Ɵ)
    Angle vs. Acceleration
    5
    4
    3
    Accleration (mm/s^2) 2
    1
    0 360, 0
    -1 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
    -2
    -3
    -4
    -5
    Angle (Ɵ)

    CONCLUSION AND APPLICATIONS


    In the experiment, the displacement of the cam was measured at various angles ranging from 0
    to 360 degrees, demonstrating that the motion of the follower had three regions: rise, linger,
    and fall.
    The velocity and acceleration of the follower varied as the cam rotated. These graphs may be
    used to evaluate the performance of the cam and follower system and detect any design or
    operational flaws. Wear and tear, friction, misalignment, and inaccurate data capture are all
    possible reasons of reading irregularities. During the rotation of the cam, the velocity of the
    follower changed, going forward at times and backward at others. Similarly, the follower's
    acceleration fluctuated, sometimes rising and sometimes decreasing.
    Cam-follower mechanisms are widely used. Some of their everyday-life
    applications include:• Combustion engine valve trains (critical to engine performance)
    • Barrels for shift control
    • Self-locking applications
    • Reciprocating saws
    • Worm type gears
    • Automatic lathe machines

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