Manual Ventilador HeinenLewenstein Leoni Plus

d`cljpdus
Jlstruggjcl`s k` usc
_`v. ?.0.7
k`sk` v`rsj÷l k` scntwbr` ?.0.;
^`rsj÷l ?520∟5;∟2;

Gclt`ljkc
Jlt`rnbg
Jlt`rnbg`s...................................................... ?0
`s......................................................
Gc
Gclk
lkjgjcl`
jgjcl`s
s k` `l
`ltcrlc
tcrlc....
.........
..........
.........
.........
.......... .... ?0
.........
2. Bg`rgb k` `stbs
jlstruggjcl`s k` usc................ .... >
usc... ................. ^jkb ýtjd k`d `qujpc ....................................... ?>
^ja`lgjb
^ja`lgjb k` dbs jlstruggjcl`s
jlstruggjcl`s k` usc ......
.........
...... ..>
..... Njdtrc k` r`spjrbgj÷l ...................................... ?>
@sp`gjnjgbgj÷l k` F÷kudc k` Cxjf`træb
[`fbs jltàrblt`s k` dbs jlstruggjcl`s
Fbsjfc W@[® ................................ ?1
uWpC?ℯ Fbsjfc
kùsc...................
......................................... .....................>
...........................................
@strugturb y prcp÷sjtc k` dbs Gcfpbtjoj djk bk `d`gtrcf balêtjgb ....
.......
..........?:
.......
jlstruggjc
jlstruggjcl`
l`s
s k` us
usc
c..........
...............
..........
..........
.........
......... .......>
.......... ^cdu f`l k` suf jljs
jl jstrc
trc .......
..............
..............
.................72
..........
_`gcf`lkbgjcl`s ` jlkjgbgjcl`s k` ^`rsjc l`s k` `quj pc .............
...................
.............
................72
.........
sàu
sàurjkb
rjkbk
k............................
.................................................. .......1
.............................
Cpgjcl`s ...................................................... 7?
K`
K`sgrjp
sgrjpgj÷l
gj÷l k` ddbs
bs cpgjcl`
cpgjcl`s
s..........
..............
.........
.......... .... 8
.........
Gcls`
Gcls`rvbgj÷l
rvbgj÷l k` dcs kcgu
kcguf
f`ltcs......
.........
......
...... .....8
......
Fbycr
bycr jlncrf
jlncrfbgj÷l
bgj÷l.........
..............
.........
.........
..........
...........
........... ....8
......... ;. ^jstb a`l`rbd k`d `qujpc ............ 77
@d r`sp jrbk cr ..............
....................
.............
.............
...................... 77
..............
?. Jlkjgbgjcl`s a`l`rbd`s k` ^jstb a`l
a`l`rb
`rbdd k`d
k`d `qujpc
`qujpc.....
..........
..........
..........
.........
......... .. 77
.......
sàurjkbk ................................. .... :
................... .................. B
Bg
gg`scrjc
rjcs ..
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
...... 70
....
Pscpr`vjstc
pr`vjstc...................................
....................................................
.................: Gclscd
Gcls cdb
b k` f
fblkc
blkc y p bltbddb
bltbd db ......
.............
..............
......... 70
Gc
Gcltrb
ltrbjlkjgb
jlkjgbgjcl
gjcl`s`s..........
...............
..........
..........
..........
.......... ..... 25
.......... Gclscdb k` fblkc........................................ 70
Fblt`ljfj`ltc y `stbkc kòjkbf`lt` Ubl
bltbddb
tbddb jljgjbd ............................................... 71
jljgjbd...............................................
pr`s
pr`sgrjtc
grjtc.................................................... .....22
......................................................... Ubltbddb prjlgjpbd .......................................... 78
D`vbltbfj`ltc bprcpjbkc y gclkjgjcl`s
k``ltcrl
`ltcrlc
c......................
............................................. ........22
...............................
0. Cp`rbgj÷l k`d `qujpc .................
............. .... 7:
B
Bg
gg`scrjc
rjcs y fbt`rj
t`rjb
bd`s
d`s k` gclsufc....
......
....
......2?
....
Cp`rbgj÷l
Cp` rbgj÷l gcl `d oct ÷l
[rbobmc sàurc gcl `d r`spjrbkcr .................. 2? pud sbkc r/aj rbtc rjc .............
....................
.............
....................7:
..............
Fcljtcrjzbg
cljtcrjzbgj÷l
j÷l k`d
k`d pbgj`l
pbgj`lt`
t`......
...........
.........
.........
.......... ..27
....... Gbfojbr dcs vbdcr`s k` pbrâf`trc gcl
Jlkjgbgjcl`s bkjgjclbd`s pbrb db `d oct÷l
oct÷l pudsbkc
pudsbkcr/ajrbtc
r/ajrbtcrjc
rjc .............
..................
.......... ..... 7:
..........
cxjf`
cxjf`træb
træb k` pudsc
pudsc Fbs
Fbsjfc
jfc .....
..........
..........
..........
..........
....... 2;
.. 2;
Cp`rbgj÷l gcl db pbltbddb tâgtjd .......
..........
............ ;5
.......
Gbfojbr dcs vbdcr`s k` pbrâf`trc gcl
7. Kbtcs têgljgcs y vcduf`l k` db pbltbddb
pbltbddb tâgtjd
tâgtjd .................................... ......... ;5
.............................................
sufjljstrc ..................................
.................... .............. 20 [`gdbs nu
nulgj
lgj clbd`s
cl bd`s .............
....................
..............
.............
...........
.....;2
Kbtcs têgljg
têgl jgcs
cs .............
....................
.............
.............
................... 20
............ ^jstb a`l`rbd k` dbs t`gdbs nulgjclbd`s ........ ;2
_blacs k` bmust` k` dcs pbrâf`trcs k`
r`sp
r`spjrbg
jrbgj÷l
j÷l........
............................. .........................20
............................................
>. Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc .....................
................... .. ;7
Kjspc
Kjspcsjtjvcs
sjtjvcs k` sàu
sàurjkbk
rjkbk ......
...........
..........
.........
.........
......... 2:
.... 2:
Jlst bdbgjcl
bdbgj cl`s
`s .......
..............
.............
.............
.............
...................... ;7
..............
^c
^cduf
duf`l
`l k`
k` bdbrfb ............
................
.........
..........
.........
......... ....2:
.........
@qujpc s` cp`rb gcl ulb pbltbddb
^b
^bdcr`
dcr`s
s gcfpd`f`ltbrjcs
`ltbrjcs.......
............
..........
.........
......... ....?5
.........
s`
s`pb
pbrbk
rbkb
b....................................... ................ ;7
.......................................................
^b
^bdcr`
dcr`s
s k` r`sjst`lg
r`sjst`lgjb
jb ........
............
.........
..........
.........
......... ....?2
.........
Gcl`gtbr dbs dæl`bs k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l
Ur`gjsjcl`s k` db jlkjgbgj÷l k` dcs (gcrrj`lt` `dêgtrjgb, abs) ............................... ;;
vbdcr`s k`
k` f`kjgj÷l
f`kjgj÷l (O[U
(O[UW)W)......
.........
......
......
......
......
...... ..?2
.....
Gcl`gtbr `d s`lscr WpC? .............................. ;;
Kjf`lsjcl
`lsjcl`s
`s / U`s
U`sc
c .....
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
......... ....??
.........
Gcdcgbgj÷l k` db f`forblb k` vbdvudb
^b
^bdcr`
dcr`s
s k` s`rv
s`rvjgjc
jgjc ..........
...............
..........
..........
..........
.......... ..... ?7
.......... k``spjrbg
`spjrbgj÷l
j÷l....................................... ......... ;0
................................................
Gc
Gcl`
l`xjcl
xjcl`s
`s k` abs..........
...............
..........
..........
..........
.......... ..... ?;
.......... Gcl`gtbr `d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb ..................... ;>

W`l
`lsc
scr`
r`ss ...........................................
.......................................................
............?; Bgtjtj vbgj÷
Bg vbg j÷ l ....................................................
.................................................. .. 0?
Fbt`rjbd
bt`rjbd.................
....................................... ...................?0
.........................................
_`v ?.0.7 2

Gclt`ljkc
B
Bg
gtj
tjv
vbr `d `qujpc
jpc ....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
........ 0?
.... GUBU ‗ _`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b gcl
pr`sj÷l pcsjtjvb k` væb r`spjrbtcrjb ............... 1?
lGUBU ‗ _`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b gcl
1. Ur`pbrbr db v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb ................................... 07 pr`sj÷l
jltuob
jltu pcsjtjvb
obgj÷
gj÷l k` væb r`spjrbtcrjb
l............................ sjl .... 17
..................................................
..........................
Gbdjor bgjc l`s ..............
....................
.............
.............
............. ...... 07
............. HNC ‗ ^`ltjdbgj÷l F`gâljgb csgjdbtcrjb
Gb
Gbdjorbr
djorbr `d s`lscr
s`lscr k k`` ndumc ..........
...............
..........
.......... .... 07
......... k` bdtb nr`gu`
nr`gu`lgjb
lgjb.....
.........
.........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
......... 1;
.... 1;
Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc kurblt` db lJUU
lJUU^....................
.......................................... .................. 10
........................................
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb .................................... 0; ^`ltjdbgj÷l F`gâljgb gcl djfjtbgj÷l k`
Gbdjorbgj÷l k`d s`lscr C? ...........................
.............................
.. 00
00 vc
vcduf
duf`l
`l....................
........................................... .............. 1>
.....................................
Gh`qu`c k` `quj pcs ................
......................
................... 01
............. Abrbltæb
brbltæb k` vcduf
vcduf`l
`l.....
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
........ 1>
... 1>
Djstb k` gh`qu`c k`d `qujpc ......................... 01 ^`ltjdbgj÷l
^`ltjdbgj÷l F`
F`gâljgb
gâljgb obgiu
obgiup
p...
......
......
......
......
......
...... ... 1>
......
[`st
[`st k` sjst`f
sjst`fb
b ‗ @stbkc
@stbkc k`d `qu
`qujpc
jpc......
......... ... 08
...... _`spjrbgj÷l gcl gcltrcd pudscxjfêtrjgc
(ougd`
(ougd` g`rrbk
g`rrbkc)
c).....
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
......... .. 11
.......
[`st k` sjst`fb ‗ [`sts nulgjclbd`s ............ 08
Kjspb
Kjspbrc
rc k` vcduf
vcduf`l
`l.....
.........
.........
..........
.........
.........
.......... ..... 18
..........
Gcltrcd k` db bdbrfb pbrb costruggj÷l
pb
pbrgjb
rgjbdd .......
............................
........................................... ......... 0:
............................... Kjsp
jspbr
brc
c k`ndumc................................... ..........18
.............................................
Gcltrcd
Gcltrcd blt`s k` ddb
b pu`stb
pu`stb `l s`rvjgjc...... ..... 0:
......... Dcs pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
Bmus .................... ....................... >5
Bm us t`s pr `vj cs ........................................... f`gâljgb ...................................................... 1:
Gjgdcs
Gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs
r`spjrbtcrjcs obgiup
obgiup.....
.........
.........
..........
......... .... 1:
........
B
Bmu
mus
st` k`d tj
tj`
`fpc k` ndu ......................... >5
ndumc C? .........................
GUBU...........................
................................................. ...........1:
.................................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr db gclg`ltrb
trbgj÷l ndumc C? .............. >5
j÷l k` ndu
Ndumc@sp / Ndumc / NdumcGUBU ........... .................. 85
.............................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr `d tj
tj`
`fpc fâxjfc pbrb `d gjgdc jgdc
........................................... 85
NdumcJlsp / Ndumcfbl ...........................................
r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd ....................................... >2
Nr`g
Nr`g......................................... .......................85
..............................................................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr nd
ndu
umc jau
jaubd k`
jlspjrbgj÷l/`spjrbgj÷l ................................... >2 Nr`gObgiup ..................................
.......................................................
..................... 82
82
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr `d fcljtc
jtcrjzb j÷l k` WpC? ................ >?
jzbgj÷l Nr`g_`g ......................................... .................. 82
...........................................................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr `d ougd` g`rr
rrb
bkc....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
...... >?
.... HN Bffâx....................................................... 82
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr db duf
dufjlc
jlcsjkb
jkbk k` pbltbdd
tbddb
b....
......
....
....
....
...... >7
.... HN Bfpd...................................... .................. 8?
........................................................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr fckc k` lcgh`....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
........ >7
.... ......................................................... 8?
HN Nr`g .........................................................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr vcduf
duf`l k` bdbrf
dbrfb....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
........ >;
.... J=@.........................................
..............................................................
......................... 8?
.... 8?
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr tj
tjp
pc k` tu
tuo
oc....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
........ >;
.... C? .........................................
.............................................................. .... 8?
.........................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr tj
tjp
pc k` kjspjspbrc.. ....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.. >0 U@@U............................................................
U..............................................................87
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr `d gcltrc
trcd k` ndu ndumc/n
mc/ndu
dumc
mc UJlsp ............................................................... 87
bu
butcf
tcfâtjgc
âtjgc ............................................ ........ >0
.................................................... Ufbl ..................................
....................................................... ........ 87
.............................
UFbx ............................................................... 8;
8. Fckcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l, Uf`kjc ............................................................. 8;
pbrâf`trcs y vbdcr`s k` U_`g ..........................................
...............................................................
....................... 8;
8;
f`kjgj÷l .................................... >> ............................................................ 80
UWcpcrt` ............................................................
Dcs fckcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l ......................... >> [ Bp
Bpl`b ...............................
...................................................... ....... 80
..............................
JUU^
JUU^/JF^
/JF^..
.......................
........................................... ......... >>
............................... [J Obgiup ......................................... .................. 80
...........................................................
W-JUU
-JUU^....................
.......................................... ................ >8
...................................... [jlsp ..........................................
...............................................................
....................... 8>
8>
W-JF
-JF^
^....................................................... ..... >:
............................................................ [jlsp fbx ......................................... .................. 8>
...........................................................
UW^-WJUU
-WJUU^........................................... ........ 15
................................................... [ _`g ......................................
........................................................... .... 8>
.........................
UW^-WJF
-WJF^
^..........................
................................................ ..... 12
........................... [rja^
[rja^cd
cd................................................ ........... 81
...........................................................
[rjaa
[rjaa`r
`r..................................
.......................................................
.........................
.... 81
? _`v ?.7.7

Gclt`ljkc
^[ Dæfjt (Djf
(Djfjtbgj÷l
jtbgj÷lk` vcduf
vcduf`l
`l)).......
............
.......... .....81
.......... Jljgjbr v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâ
f`gâljgb
ljgb.....
.........
.........
..........
......... ... :1
.......
^[A (A
(Abrb
brbltæb
ltæb k` vc
vcduf
duf`l
`l)) .......
............
..........
..........
.........
......
.. 88
88 Gbfojc k`d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l
Dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l (vbdcr`s
(vbdcr`s

lu
lufêrj
fêrj gcs ) ..............
....................
.............
.............
.............
..............
...........
.... 8: f`g
`gâl
âljgb
jgb..........................
................................................
............................
...... :8
%Wpclt
Wpclt Y%
Y%VV....................
........................................... ........8:
............................... [`rfjlbr v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb ..................... ::
G?5
?5/G
/G..........................
................................................ ............8:
.................................. Nulg jcl `s `sp`g jbd`s .............
...................
..................255
............
Gk
Gkyl
yl Yfd/fo
d/fobrV
brV..........
...............
.........
.........
..........
..........
.........
......... ...8:
........ K`
K`sbg
sbgtjvbr
tjvbr `d s`lscr
s`lscr k` ndumc............
ndumc................. ....... 255
..........
GUBU....................................... .......................8:
............................................................ ^`ltjdbgj÷l F`gâljgb `l gbsc k` nbddc
`l bdjf`l
bdjf`ltbgj÷
tbgj÷l
l k` abs.....
.........
.........
..........
.........
.........
........ 252
... 252
KGC? Yf
Yfd*f
d*fd/sV
d/sV ..
...................... .........................8:
...........................................
^`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb `l gbsc k` nbddc
Nr`g
Nr`g Wpcl
Wpcltt Y2/fjl
Y2/fjlVV ........
.............
..........
..........
..........
...........
........... ..8:
.......
`l bdjf`l
bdjf`ltbgj÷
tbgj÷l
l k` abs.....
.........
.........
..........
.........
.........
........ 25?
... 25?
Nr`g
Nr`gY2/f
Y2/fjlV
jlV ....................
...........................................
...............................
........: 5
:5
^`ltjdbgj÷l
^`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâ
f`gâljgb ljgb k` o ugd`
B
Bf
fpdjtu
djtuk
k HNC YfobrV....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
........:5
.... g`rrbkc ....................................................... 257
Nu
Nuab
abY%V..................................... ...................:5
........................................................ Jljgjbr `d ougd` g`rrbkc................................ 257
F^ Yd/fjlV
Yd/fjlV ..........................................
......................................................
............ :5
:5 Ub
Ubus
usbr
br `d ougd`
ougd` g`rrbkc
g`rrbkc.....
..........
..........
..........
.......... ...... 25;
.........
C? Y%
Y%VV .........................................
............................................................
................... :5
:5 Fckc k` r`tcrlc k` ougd` g`rrbkc
U@@UYf
Yfob
obrV
rV.......................
............................................. .....:5
........................... (Nbddo
(Nbddobg
bgi)
i)..................................
....................................................
.................. 25;
25;
UJ Y%
Y%VV .............................................
.............................................................
................ :
:5
5 [`rf
[`rfjlbr
jlbr `d ou
ougd`
gd` g`rrbkc
g`rrbkc.....
..........
..........
.........
.........
........
... 25;
25;
Uf`kjc Yf
Yfob obrVrV .......................................... ........:2
..................................................
Up`bi Yf
Yfob
obrV
rV................................................
....................................................
....: 2
:2 25. Nulgjcl`s `sp`gjbd`s .............. 250
Uudscs
udscs.............................
.................................................... ........:2
............................... Gjgdc
Gjgdc r`s
r`spjrbtc
pjrbtcrjc
rjc fblu
fblubd
bd .............
..................
.......... ...... 250
.........
_`
_`sjstbl
sjstblg`
g` _ Yfobr/d/sV
Yfobr/d/sV ....
.........
..........
..........
..........
.......... ....:2
......... Kjspbrbr ul ndumc k` C? (kughb k`
WJR ..........................
................................................
......................................
................ :?
:? cx
cxæa`
æa`lc
lc))...........................
..................................................
...........................
.... 25>
25>
WpC? Y% .........................................................:?
Y%VV ....................................................... Ubusbr db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb .................. 25>
[j Wpclt
Wpclt YsV
YsV ..............
.....................................
......................................
............... :?
:? Ubusbr abrbltæb k` vcduf`l ...................... 251
^t HNCYf
YfdVdV............................................ ........:?
.................................................... B
Bs
spjrb
jrbgj÷
j÷l
l g`rr
rrb
bkb..
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
...... 258
....
^[`YfdV...................
.......................................... ...............:?
......................................
^[j YfdV ..........
...............................
........................................... .....:?
........................... 22. Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l ......................... 25:
................. ........ 25:
Gclstblt` k` tj`fpc ϋ YfsV
YfsV..................
...........................
.........:7
:7
Jlkjgbgj÷l k` dbs nulgjcl`s / cpgjcl`s
^bdcr`s
^bdcr `s gcfp
gc fpd`f`lt
d`f`lt brjc s .............
............................ :;
............. bgtjvbkbs .................................................... 25:
J=@ ............................................................. .....:;
.................................................................. ^jsu
jsubdjz
bdjzbg
bgj÷l
j÷l....................................
...............................................
........... 25:
25:
[@WU YsV............................................ ...............:;
........................................................... bdbk b ..................................................... 225
@sgbdbk
@sg
[rja^
[rja^cd
cd Yf
YfdVdV .....................
............................................
...............................
........: ;
:; @d`f
@d`f`l
`ltcs
tcs k` fbl
blkc
kc.....
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
......... 225
..... 225
Ndu
Ndumc
mc obs`
obs` YD/f
YD/fjlV
jlV ..........
...............
..........
..........
.........
.........
.......... ...:;
........ Ptjdjzbgj÷l k` dcs `d`f`ltcs k` fblkc ...... 222
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjbs k` d cs pbrâf`trcs
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjbs pbrâf`trcs Arânjgcs ...................................................... 22?
k` v `ltj dbgj ÷l f`gâlj gb ..........
.................
................... :0
............
^jsubdjzbg
^jsubdjzbgj÷l
j÷l k` arânjgcs
arânjgcs.....
..........
..........
..........
..........
........ 22?
... 22?
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjb k` UJlsp y U@@U ............. ...:0
................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr `d tj
tjp
pc k` arâ
rânj
njg
gc ..
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
........ 227
....
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjb k` Ufbl y GUBU
GUBU .............
................
... :0
:0
B
Bk
kbptb
tbrr `d `m` k` tj
tj`
`fpc..
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
........ 227
....
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjb k` UJlsp y J-Ndumc.......... .......:0
...............
B
Bk
kbptb
tbrr `d lýf`rc k` arâ
rânj
njg
gcs..
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
...... 227
....
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjb k` nr`gu`lgjb, tj`fpc
J y tj`f
tj`fpc
pc @ ........................
............................................... ....:0
........................... Arânjgcs
Arânj gcs k` t`lk `lgj b ....
...........
.............
..................... 22;
.............
^jsubdjzbgj÷l k` arânjgcs k` t`lk`lgjb ...... 22;
B
Bk
kbptb
tbg
gj÷l
j÷l k` arâ
rânj
njg
gcs k` t`
t`l
lk`lgjb
:. _`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd ................
.. ................ :>
Nulg jcl `s oâsj gbs .............
...................
.............
................... :>
............ gcl `m` k` tj`fpc ....................................... 220
_`v ?.0.7 7

Gclt`ljkc
B
Bkkbptb
tbrr `d lýf`rc k` arânj rânjggcs k` @stbkc s Nbjdsbn`
Nbjds bn` y Ubtj`lt Wbn`................ 2;;
................
t`lk`
t`lk`lg
lgjbjb ..........................................
....................................................
.......... 220
220 Ubtj`
btj`lt
lt Wb
Wbn`..................................
n`.................................................
............... 2;;
2;;
[`lk`lgjb `l ncrfb k` tbodb ...................... 22> Fck
ckc
c b pruò
pruòb
b k` nbddcs.....
..........
..........
..........
.........
......... 2;;
....... 2;;
_`
_àjstrc
ajstrc k` `v`l
`v`ltcs
tcs.........
..............
.........
.........
..........
..........
........
... 22>
Ougd`s ........................................................ 228 2;. K`sbgtjvbr `d `qujpc ................
............. ... 2;0
^jsubdjzbg
^jsubdjzbgj÷l
j÷l k` oug
ougd`s
d`s ..........
...............
.........
.........
..........
....... 228
228 K`sbgtjvbr `d `qujpc `l db pbltbddb
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr tj
tjp
pc k` ougd` ....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
........ 22:
.... jljgjbd
jljgjbd ...........................................
........................................................... 2;0
................ 2;0
B
Bk
kbptb
tbrr `d lýf`rc k` ougd`s
d`s....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
...... 22:
.... K`sbgtjvbr `d `qujpc kurblt` db
B
Bdf
dfbg`lbr ougd` k` r`n`
r`n`r`
r`l
lgjb....
......
....
....
....
....
........ 22:
.... v`
v`ltjdbgj÷
ltjdbgj÷l
l f`gâl
f`gâljgb
jgb.....
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
......... 2;0
....... 2;0
^jsubdjzbgj÷l k` ougd`s `l pbltbddb
gcf
gcfpd`tb
pd`tb .....................
...........................................
................................
.......... 2?5
2?5 20. Ur`pbrbgj÷l / Djfpj`zb /
Lufêrjgc ................................................... 2?2 ............. .............. 2;>
@st`rjdjzbgj÷l ...........................
Gbfojbr vbdcr k` f`kjgj÷l vjsubdjzbkc ...... 2?2 Jlk
Jlkjgbg
jgbgjcl`
jcl`s s a`l`
a`l`rbd`
rbd`s s ..
.......
.........
.........
..........
.........
......... 2;>
....... 2;>
Gclfutbr b tbodb lufêrjgb ........................ 2?2 Djfpjbr
Djf pjbr `
`dd `qujpc
`qujpc.....
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
.......
.. 2 ;8
2;8
Dcs arupcs k` gcfpcl`lt`s ([JUC B, O
2?. Cp`rbgj÷l gcl obt`ræbs ........... 2?? y G)...................
G)..........................................
........................................... 2;:
.................... 2;:
Cp`rbgj÷
p`rbgj÷l
l gcl obt`ræbs
obt`ræbs ..........
...............
.........
.........
..........
....... 2?? Ur`pbrbgj÷l k` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d
[JUC
[JUC B .......
............................
............................................
............................ 2;:
..... 2;:
Cp`rbgj÷l k` r`k ........................................ 2?7
Ur`pbrbgj÷l k` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d
B
Bk
kv`rt`
rt`lgjbs
jbs `l gbsc k` gbra rabb obmb k` [JUC
[JUC O (s`l
(s`lscr
scr k` ndumc).....
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
....... 207
207
ob
obt`ræb
t`ræb...........................................
.........................................................
.............. 2?7
2?7
Ur`pbrbgj÷l k` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d
K`sbgtjvbgj÷l
K`sbgtj vbgj÷l k` `f`ra`lgjb
`f`ra`lgjb gcl [JUC
[JUCG.......
............................
............................................
............................ 200
.....200
ob
obt`ræb
t`ræbvbgæb
vbgæb..................................
...............................................
............. 2?;
2?;
B
Ba
a`lt`
t`s
s k` djf
djfpj`z
j`zb y k`sjln` jln`g ggj÷l
j÷l
bu
butcrjz
tcrjzbk
bkcs
cs...................
.........................................
...............................
......... 201
201
27. Bdbrfbs y `djfjlbgj÷l k` Djfpj`zb
Djfpj`zb k`d pudscxæf`
pudscxæf`trc
trc Fbsjfc
bsjfc...
......
...... ..... 208
......
nbddcs ........................................ 2?0
Bmus
Bm us t`s k` bd brfb 2?0
brf b ..................................... 2?0 2>. Fblt`ljfj`ltc y
_blac
_bl k` gâdgudc.................. 2?0
ac k` bmust` y fêtckc k` ...................... ..... 20:
gcls`rvbgj÷l ...........................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr fblubdf`lt` dcs
dcs dæf
dæfjt`
jt`s k` Jlt`rvbdcs k`
k` fblt`ljfj`l
blt`ljfj`ltc tc ...
......
......
......
......
......
...... .. 20:
.....
bdbrfb k` pbgj`lt` ..................................... 2?1 Gbfojbr db `st`rb k` njdtrc k`d v`ltjdbkcr....
v`ltjdbkcr......2> 5
2>5
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr butc
tcf
fâtj
tjg
gbf`lt` dcs
dcs dæf
dæfjt`
jt`s k` _``fpdbzbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc...................
ndumc..................... 2>2
..2>2
bdbrfb k` pbgj`lt` ..................................... 2?8
......................2>?
_``fpdbzbr `d s`lscr k` C? .......................
B
Bmu
mus
stb
tbrr vcduf
duf`l k` bdbrf
dbrfb....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
........ 2?8
....
_`
_``f
`fpdb
pdbzbr
zbr `d nusjod`
nusjod`.....
..........
.........
.........
..........
.........
......... 2>?
....... 2>?
F`lsbm`s k` bdbrfb
bdbrf b ................
......................
.................. 2?:
............
Urjcrjkbk
Urjcrjkbk`s
`s k` bdbrfb..........
...............
..........
..........
.........
........ 2?:
.... 2?:
21. @djfjlbgj÷l k` fbt`rjbd`s k`
^jsubdjzbg
^jsubdjzbgj÷l
j÷l k` bdbrfbs
bdbrfbs ..............
...................
..........
......... 275
.... 275
gclsufc .................................. 2>7
B
Bdb
dbrf
rfbs `l fukc....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
...... 272
....
^jsubdjzbr
^jsubdjzbr `d ràjstrc k` bdbrfb
bdbrfbs
s......
.........
......
...... .. 27?
.....
28. Bgg`scrjcs / Uj`zbs k`
@djf jl
jlbgj÷
bgj÷ l k`
k ` `rrcr`s
`rrc r`s .................
............................. 277
............
r`pu`stc ............................
.............. ..................... ....... 2>0
F`lsbm`s k` `rrcr ‗ Bdbrfbs k`
pb
pbgj`
gj`lt`
lt`.....................................
......................................................
................. 277
277 B
Bg
gg`scrjc
rjcs Njs
jsh
h`r & Ubyi`d .. ....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
......2>0
....
F`lsbm`s k` `rrcr ‗ Bdbrfbs k` B
Bg
gg`scrjc
rjcs Arôrôl 0
lkd`r
d`r ...........
.................................
........................ 2>1
2>1
sjs
sjst`f
t`fb ...................
.........................................
....................................
.............. 271
271 B
Bg
gg`scrjc
rjcs BJ_
J_ggcl0 ......
..........................
.............................. 2>8
.......... 2>8
F`lsbm`s k` `rrcr ‗ Bdbrfbs têgljgcs ....... 2;5 B

Bg rjcs Fbsjfc0 ....................................
gg`scrjc ...................................2>8
2>8
@rrcrr `l db pudsc
@rrc pudscxjf
xjf`træb
`træb..........
...............
..........
..........
......... 2;?
.... 2;?
; _`v ?.7.7

Gclt`ljkc
B
Bg ....................................2>:
rjcs lGUBU0 .....................................
gg`scrjc ?2. Bl`xc ........................... ............ 282
............. ..........................
B
Bg
gg`scrjc
rjcs k` `qujpc
jpcs ....
......
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
......215
.... F`kjgj÷l WpC? ‗ Nulgjclbfj`ltc .............. 282
@s
@squ
qu`f
`fb lùf
lùfâtjgc.....
.........
.........
..........
.........
.........
..........
....... 28;
.. 28;
2:. Adcsbrjc ..........................
............. .......................
.......... 21; Udbgbs
Udbgbs k
k`
` jk`ltjnj
jk`ltjnjgbg
gbgj÷l
j÷l.....
..........
..........
..........
.......... ...... 280
.........
?5. Jlstruggjcl`s bor`vjbkbs ........ 218 ??. Ælkjg` ......................................

........................ ................ 28>
Gcltrcd
Gcltrcd blt`s k` db pu`stb `l s`rvjgjc .....
........
... 218
218
_`v ?.0.7 0

Gbpætudc
`stbs jlstrugg jcl`s k` usc
Bg`rgb k` `stbs jlstrugg
2
2. Bg`rgb k` `stbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc
^ja`lgjb
^ja`lgjb k` dbs jlstruggjcl`s
jlstrugg jcl`s k` usc
@stbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc scl vja`lt`s pbrb dcs
sjauj`lt`s prckugtcs=
 D`cljUdus
[`fbs
[`fbs jltàrblt`s
jltàrblt`s k` dbs jls
jlstruggj
truggjcl`s
cl`s k` usc
@l `stbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc s` k`sgrjo`l dcs
gcfpcl`lt`ss k`d `qujpc y su nulgjclbfj`ltc.
gcfpcl`lt` nulgjclbfj`ltc.
Bquæ pu`k` `lgcltrbr=
 Jlncrfbgj÷l scor` dbs f`kjkbs k` sàurjkbk qu`

kò`l cos`rvbrs` `l `d fbl`mc k`d r`spjrbkcr.
 Plb vjstb a`l`rbd k` tckcs dcs gcfpcl`lt`s
gcfpcl`lt`s k`
`qujpc.
 Jlstruggjcl`s pbrb `d nulgjclbfj`ltc
nulgjclbfj`ltc k`d `qujpc.
 Plb k`sgrjpgj÷l k`tbddbkb k` dcs `d`f`ltcs k`
nulgjclbfj`ltc
nulgjclbfj`ltc k` pbltbddb.
 Jlncrfbgj÷l scor` `d fblt`ljfj`ltc,
fblt`ljfj`ltc, db djfpj`zb y
`st`rjdjzbgj÷l.
@strugturb y prcp÷sjtc
prcp÷sjt c k` dbs
dbs jlstruggjcl`s
jlstru ggjcl`s k` usc
Dbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc `stâl `strugturbkbs k` tbd fckc
qu` d` byukbl pbsc b pbsc b nbfjdjbrjzbrs` gcl `d
nulgjclbfj`ltc k` su r`spjrbkcr. W` k`sgrjo`l dbs
nulgjcl`s k` usc nr`gu`lt`.
D`b bt`ltbf`lt` dbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc blt`s k`

gcf`lzbr b trbobmbr gcl `d r`spjrbkcr.
Fâs tbrk`, gublkc yb s` sj`ltb nbfjdjbrjzbkc gcl `d
nulgjclbfj`ltc oâsjgc k`d r`spjrbkcr, utjdjg` dbs
jlstruggjcl`s k` usc gcfc djorc k` gclsudtb pbrb
gu`stjcl`s `sp`gænjgbs. @d ælkjg` y `d ràjstrc k` pbdborbs
gdbv`s d` byukbl hbddbr râpjkbf`lt` ul t`fb `sp`gænjgc.
> _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
2
_`gcf`lkbgjcl`s
_`gcf`lkbgjcl`s ` jlkjgbgjcl`s
jlk jgbgjcl`s k` sàurjk
sàurjkbk
bk
_`gcf`lkbgjcl`s
Dbs r`gcf`lkbgjcl`s gcfpd`f`ltbl
gcfpd`f`ltbl dbs jlstruggjcl`s k`
fblkc.
Dbs r`gcf`lkbgjcl`s prcpcl`l f`kjkbs pbrb qu`

`d s`rvjgjc k`d r`spjrbkcr s`b fâs `njgj`lt` y s`lgjddc.
Bt`lg
Bt `lgj÷
j÷ll
B[@LGJ×L jlkjgb ulb jlncrfbgj÷l jfpcrtblt`9 `l gbsc k` lc cos`rvbrdb,

B[@LGJ×L jlkjgb
! pu`k` prckugjrs` ul kbòc `l `d `qujpc.
B[@LGJ×L
Ur`gbugj÷l
U_@GBPGJ×L jlkjgb ul rj`sac lc jlfjl`lt`, p`rc sæ dbt`lt`, qu` pu`k`

U_@GBPGJ×L jlkjgb
prcvcgbr ulb d`sj÷l gcrpcrbd `l gbsc k` lc cos`rvbr db jlncrfbgj÷l.
U_@GBPGJ×L
Bkv`r
Bk v`rt`l
t`lgj
gjbb
BK^@_[@LGJB jlkjgb ul rj`sac jlfjl`lt` qu` pu`k` prcvcgbr ulb d`sj÷l

BK^@_[@LGJB jlkjgb
gcrpcrbd arbv` c jlgdusc db fu`rt` `l gbsc k` lc cos`rvbr db jlncrfbgj÷l.
jlncrfbgj÷l.
BK^@_[@LGJB
_`v ?.0.7 1

Gbpætudc
2
K`sgrjpg
K`sgrjpgj÷l
j÷l k
k`` dbs cpgjcl`s
@stbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc gcltj`l`l k`sgrjpgjcl`s k`d
`qujpbfj`ltc y k` nulgjcl`s `stâlkbr`s y cpgjclbdf`lt`
`qujpbfj`ltc cpgjclbdf`lt`
kjspcljod`s. Db k`sgrjpgj÷l k` ulb cpgj÷l lc kb fctjvc
pbrb ul k`r`ghc dàbd b `stb cpgj÷l. Dbs cpgjcl`s
kjspcljod`s `l su sjst`fb s` pu`k`l gclsudtbr gcl su
r`pr`s`ltblt` k` H`jl`l + Dþw`lst`jl.
Gcls`rvbgj÷l
Gcls`rvbgj÷l k` dcs kc
kcguf`ltcs
guf`ltcs
Gcls`rv` dcs kcguf`ltcs g`rgb k`d `qujpc `l ul duabr
nâgjdf`lt` bgg`sjod`.
Fbycr
Fbycr jlncrfbgj÷l
jln crfbgj÷l
@l gbsc k` t`l`r pràultbs u cos`rvbgjcl`s bg`rgb k`
`stbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc c lu`strc r`spjrbkcr, særvbs`
kjrjajrs` b su kjstrjoujkcr butcrjzbkc ràjclbd c oj`l
kjr`gtbf`lt` bd nborjgblt`.
8 _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
k` s àurjkb
Jlkjgbgjcl`ss a`l`rbd`s k` s
Jlkjgbgjcl` àurjkbk
k
?
?. Jlkjgbgjcl`s a`l`rbd`s k` sàurjkbk
Db r`spclsbojdjkbk pbrb `d nulgjclbfj`ltc k`d `qujpc

r`gb` `l tckc gbsc `l `d prcpj`tbrjc c db `fpr`sb
cp`rbkcrb gublkc `d `qujpc hb sjkc fblt`ljkc c
r`pbrbkc pcr pbrt` k` p`rsclbs qu` lc p`rt`l`g`l bd
Kptc k` W`rvjgjc k` H`jl`l + Dþw`lst`jl c lc hbl sjkc
butcrjzbkbs pcr H`jl`l + Dþw`lst`jl, c oj`l gublkc `d
usc lc gcrr`spclk` bd usc pr`vjstc.
H`jl`l + Dþw`lst`jl lc bsuf` db r`spclsbojdjkbk pcr

kbòcs a`l`rbkcs qu` s` k`rjv`l k` db làdja`lgjb `l `d
sàujfj`ltc k` dbs jlkjgbgjcl`s pr`vjbf`lt` jlkjgbkbs.
Dbs gclkjgjcl`s k` abrbltæb y r`spclsbojdjkbk k` dbs
gclkjgjcl`s k` v`ltb y sufjljstrc k` db H`jl`l +
Dþw`lst`jl lc s` gcfpd`f`ltbl gcl dbs sjauj`lt`s
jlkjgbgjcl`s.
Psc pr`vjstc
Gbfpc k` bpdjgbgj÷l _`spjrbkcr pbrb db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb jlvbsjvb y

lc jlvbsjvb k` pr`fbturcs, r`gjêl lbgjkcs y ljòcs
gcl ul p`sc gcrpcrbd hbstb 75 ia.
bdt`rlbtjvc k` Kurblt` `d usc k`d r`spjrbkcr kò` `stbr kjspcljod`

W÷dc gcl sjst`fb bdt`rlbtjvc
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb sj`fpr` ul sjst`fb bdt`rlbtjvc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb (p. `m. nu`dd` k` r`spjrbgj÷l fblubd).
Fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb @d r`spjrbkcr hb sjkc k`sbrrcddbkc pbrb `m`gutbr dcs

sjauj`lt`s fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb=
Jlt`rfjtt`lk Ucsjtjv` Ur`ssur` ^`ltjdbtjcl /
Jlt`rfjtt`lk Fblkbtcry
Fblkbtcry ^`ltjdbtjcl (JUU^ / JF^)
Wylghrcljz`k Jlt`rfjtt`lk Ucsjtjv` Ur`ssur`
^`ltjdbtjcl (W-JUU^)
Wylghrcljz`k Jlt`rfjtt`lk Fblkbtcry ^`ltjdbtjcl (W-
JF^)
Ur`ssur` Wuppcrt ^`ltjdbtjcl (UW^) `l gcfojlbgj÷l
gcl WJF^ c WJUU^
Gcltjlucuss Ucsjtjv` Bjrwby Ur`ssur` (GUBU)
Gcltjlucu
Lbsbd Gcltjlucus Ucsjtjv` Bjrwby Ur`ssur` (lGUBU)
Hjah Nr`qu`lgy Csgjddbtjcl (HNC)
Lbsbd Jlt`rfjtt`lt Ucsjtjv` Ur`ssur` ^`ltjdbtjcl
(lJUU^)
_`v ?.0.7 :

Gbpætudc
k` s àurjkb
k
?
U`rsclbd k` f blkc p`rfjtjkc @d `qujpc `s cp`rbkc pcr ul fêkjgc c oj`l obmc su

U`rsclbd
kjr`ggj÷l pcr pbrt` k` p`rsclbd gubdjnjgbkc y
`sp`gjbdf`lt` gbpbgjtbkc pbrb `stb bgtjvjkbk9 `s
l`g`sbrjc qu` gbkb usubrjc hbyb sjkc jlstrujkc `l `d
usc k`d `qujpc y qu` s` hbyb nbfjdjbrjzbkc gcl dbs
jlstruggjcl`s k` usc y `d fblkc k`d `qujpc.
Gcltrcdbr p`rj÷kjgbf`lt` db sbturbgj÷l Dcs pbrâf`trcs `rr÷l`cs k` r`spjrbgj÷l pu`k`l

k` cxæa`lc y db gclg`ltrbgj÷l
gclg`lt rbgj÷l k` GC? prcvcgbr b dbrac pdbzc ul bobst`gjfj`ltc `rr÷l`c k`
cxæa`lc k`d pbgj`lt`. Ucr dc tbltc kò`l gcltrcdbrs`
p`rj÷kjgbf`lt`
p`rj÷kjgbf` lt` dcs vbdcr`s k` cxæa`lc y GC ?.
Gcltrcd` p`rj÷kjgbf`lt`
p`rj÷kjgbf`lt` db sbturbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc y
db gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` GC ? f`kjblt` ulb pudscxjf`træb
y ulb gbplcf`træb, c oj`l f`kjblt` ul blâdjsjs k`d
abs sblauæl`c.
Psbr ul `qujpc k` fcljtcr jzbgj÷l

jzbgj÷l GC? `l @l gbsc k` ulb v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb lc jlvbsjvb
gbsc k` ulb v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb lc kò` usbrs` ul `qujpc k` fcljtcrjzbgj÷l GC ? pbrb
jlvbsjvb fcljtcrjzbr gcltjlubf`lt`
gcltjlubf`lt` db gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` GC ?.
Fckjnjgbgjcl`s `l `d `qujpc Lc s` p`rfjt`l fckjnjgbgjcl`s `l `d `qujpc sjl db

butcrjzbgj÷l pr`vjb k`d nborjgblt`.
Gcfojlbgj÷l gcl ctrcs `qujpcs Db gcfojlbgj÷l gcl `qujpcs qu` s` f`lgjclbl `l

`stbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc, scdc s` p`rfjtjrâ pr`vjb
gclsudtb bd nborjgblt`.
Abs`s bkfjtjkcs @d r`spjrbkcr `s bptc pbrb db gcl`xj÷l k` cxæa`lc y

bjr`. Lc s` kò` usbr gcl h`djc c f`zgdbs qu`
gcltj`l`l h`djc.
D`cljUdus `s jk÷l`c pbrb `d usc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l gcl
÷xjkc lætrjgc9 s` gclnjrfb db gclncrfjkbk gcl dcs
`qujpcs gcrr`spclkj`lt`s.
gcrr`spclkj`lt`s. Uu`k` gclsudtbr fâs
jlncrfbgj÷l scor` db gcfpbtjojdjkbk gcl gbkb `qujpc
gcl su kjstrjoujkcr ràjclbd butcrjzbkc c
kjr`gtbf`lt` gcl `d nborjgblt`.
Gcltrbjlkjgbgjcl`s
W` kò`l cos`rvbr tckbs dbs gcltrbjlkjgbgjcl`s qu`
sura`l k` dbs jlkjgbgjcl`s k` sàurjkbk k`d gbpætudc
"Jlkjgbgjcl`s a`l`rbd`s k` sàurjkbk". W`
k`sgclcg`l ctrbs gcltrbjlkjgbgjcl`s.
gcltrbjlkjgbgjcl`s.
25 _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
k` s àurjkb
k
?
Fblt`ljfj`ltc
Fblt`ljfj`ltc y `stbkc kòjkbf`lt` pr`sgrjtc
Fblt`ljfj`ltc @l `st` `qujpc s` trbtb k` ul r`spjrbkcr qu` hb sjkc

gdbsjnjgbkc `l db gdbs` k` `qujpcs JJo sàýl db
gdbsjnjgbgj÷l k` db Kjr`gtjvb @urcp`b.
Gbkb 2? f`s`s kò` r`bdjzbrs` ulb f`kjkb k`
fblt`ljfj`ltc y ul gcltrcd k` têgljgb k` sàurjkbk
qu` kò` r`bdjzbrs` kòjkc b dbs pr`sgrjpgjcl`s
pr`sgrjpgjcl`s k`d
nborjgblt`.
@d fblt`ljfj`ltc kò` s`r r`bdjzbkc `xgdusjvbf`lt`
pcr p`rsclbd têgljgc gubdjnjgbkc pcr lcsctrcs. @d
p`rsclbd kò` t`l`r b su kjspcsjgj÷l dcs
jlstruf`ltcs k` f`kjgj÷l y kjspcsjtjvcs k` gcltrcd
bprcpjbkcs.
@l dbs f`kjkbs k` gcls`rvbgj÷l kò`l utjdjzbrs`
`xgdusjvbf`lt`
`xgdusjvbf`lt` pj`zbs crjajlbd`s k`
H`jl`l+Dþw`lst`jl.
@stbkc kòjkc ¡@l gbsc k` k`t`gtbr ul `rrcr kurblt` db `m`gugj÷l k`

dcs butc`lsbycs c gcltrcd`s k` kjspcsjtjvc, lc kò`
gcl`gtbrs` `l ljlaýl gbsc `d kjspcsjtjvc gcl ul
pbgj`lt`!
D`vbltbfj`ltc
D`vbltbfj`ltc bprcpjbkc y gclkjgjcl`s
gclk jgjcl`s k` `ltcrlc
Lc d`vbltbr `l sbdbs gcl rj`sac k` @d r`spjrbkcr, dbs obt`ræbs y db `stbgj÷l k` gbrab

`xpdcsj÷l c g `rgb k` sustblgjbs jlgduy`lkc tckcs dcs bgg`scrjcs lc kò`l utjdjzbrs`
jlndbfbod`s `l `ltcrlcs gcl rj`sac k` `xpdcsj÷l c oj`l `l zclbs
gcl sustblgjbs jlndbfbod`s.
jlndbfbod`s.
`l sjtj cs gcl r j`sac k` @d r`spjrbkcr lc kò` usbrs` g`rgb k` dbvbocs,
Lc usbr `l
sbdpjgbkurbs k` baub kughbs u ctrcs sjtjcs gcl rj`sac k` sbdpjgbkurbs k`
baub.
Lc `l sbdbs
sbdbs g cl scor `pr`sj÷l
`pr`sj÷l @d r`spjrbkcr lc kò` usbrs` `l ulb gâfbrb k`
scor`pr`sj÷l.
Lc guorjr lj d`vbltbr obmc gclkjgjcl`s @d r`spjrbkcr lc kò` guorjrs` lj d`vbltbrs` k` tbd

pcgc nbvcrbod`s
nbvcrbod`s fckc qu` `d s`rvjgjc c fckc k` trbobmc s`
p`rmukjqu` làbtjvbf`lt`.
Wjl t`dênclcs
t`dênclcs f÷vjd`s Lc s` p`rfjt` `d usc k` t`dênclcs f÷vjd`s k`ltrc k`
ulb kjstblgjb k` 25 f`trcs k`d r`spjrbkcr. Dcs
t`dênclcs f÷vjd`s pckræbl p`rmukjgbr db nulgj÷l k`
`qujpcs `d`gtrcfêkjgcs.
`d`gtrcfêkjgcs.
_`v ?.0.7 22

Gbpætudc
k` s àurjkb
k
?
Bgg`s
Bg g`sc
c rjcs
rj cs y f
fbt`r
bt`rjbd
jbd`s
`s k
k`` gc
gcls
lsuf
ufcc
W÷dc bgg`scrjcs butcrjzbkcs

butcrjzbkcs @d r`spjrbkcr
bgg`scrjcs kò` cp`rbrs` `xgdusjvbf`lt` gcl dcs
butcrjzbkcs.
@d `fpd`c k` bgg`scrjcs lc p`rfjtjkcs pcl` `l
p`djarc b db sàurjkbk k`d pbgj`lt` y/c k`d usubrjc,
bsæ gcfc `d nulgjclbfj`ltc jfp`gbod` k`d `qujpc.
Wjl tuocs bltj`stâtjgcs c Dcs tuocs bltj`stâtjgcs c gcl gclkugtjvjkbk `dêgtrjgb

gcl gclkug tjvjkbk `dêgtrjgb
`dêgtrjgb pu`k`l prcvcgbr `d`gtrcgugjcl`s k`d pbgj`lt` y/c
usubrjc. @s pcr `ddc qu` `stcs tuocs lc s` kò`l
utjdjzbr lulgb.
Kjsfjlugj÷l fbycr k` pr`sj÷l b gbusb Db kjsfjlugj÷l k` pr`sj÷l b trbvês k`d sjst`fb

k` jltàrbgj÷l
jltàrbgj÷l k` bgg`scrjcs c ul tuoc r`spjrbtcrjc pu`k` buf`ltbrs` kòjkc b db
fuy dbrac jltàrbgj÷l k` bgg`scrjcs u ctrcs gcfpcl`lt`s
gcfpcl`lt`s `l `d
sjst`fb r`spjrbtcrjc. @d dbrac k`d tuoc lc kò`
scor`pbsbr dcs 2,8 f.
[rbobmc
[rbobmc sàurc gc
gcll `d r`spjrbkcr
Gcltrcd k`d `qujpc blt`s k`d s`rvjgjc Dbs nulgjcl`s `rr÷l`bs k`d `qujpc pu`k`l prcvcgbr
db fu`rt` c kbòcs p`rsjst`lt`s k`d pbgj`lt`.
Blt`s k` gbkb usc k`d r`spjrbkcr kò` r`bdjzbrs` ul
gcltrcd k`d `qujpc.
`lscr`s Dbs nulgjcl`s `rr÷l`bs k` dcs s`lscr`s pu`k`l

Gcltrcdbr p`rj÷kjgbf`lt` dcs s `lscr`s
prcvcgbr db fu`rt` c kbòcs p`rsjst`lt`s k`d
pbgj`lt`.
@d s`lscr k` ndumc kò` gbdjorbrs` p`rj÷kjgbf`lt`=
-- k`spuês
k`spuês k`
k` db bgtjvbgj÷l
gbkb gbfojc k` s`lscr
Abrbltjzbr
Abrbltjzbr db `st`rjdjkbk
`st`rjdj kbk @d `qujpc kò` pr`pbrbrs` blt`s k` su prjf`r usc y
k`spuês k` gbkb bpdjgbgj÷l `l ul pbgj`lt`.
Gcltrcdbr dcs bmust`s blt`s k` db Dcs pbrâf`trcs `rr÷l`cs k` r`spjrbgj÷l pu`k`l

gcl`xj÷l gcl `d pbgj`lt` prcvcgbr kbòcs p`rsjst`lt`s `l `d pudf÷l k`d
pbgj`lt`.
Gcltrcd` dcs pbrâf`trcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l blt`s k`
gcl`gtbr `d pbgj`lt` gcl `d r`spjrbkcr.
@vjtbr gcrrj`lt`s k` gcltbgtc Lc tcgbr sjfudtâl`bf`lt` `d pbgj`lt` y `d `qujpc.
2? _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
k` s àurjkb
k
?
Lc k`snjorjdbr kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l @d r`spjrbkcr lc gu`ltb gcl ulb prct`ggj÷l gcltrb db

f`gâljgb k`snrjorjdbgj÷l.
Ucl`r bt`lgj÷l `l db kurbgj÷l ýtjd k` K`spuês k` trblsgurrjr `d tj`fpc r`stblt` k` obt`ræb

obt`ræb s` k`sbgtjvb butcfâtjgbf`lt` `d `qujpc.
K`ltrc k` dc pcsjod` lc s` kò` cp`rbr `d `qujpc
hbstb bgbobrs` db kurbgj÷l ýtjd k` db obt`ræb.
Hby ulb kjn`r`lgjb `ltr` `d vcduf`l @l gbsc k` ulb r`spjrbgj÷l lc jlvbsjvb `s pcsjod`
`xhbdbkc y `d vcduf`l f`kjkc. qu` `d vcduf`l `xhbdbkc pcr `d pbgj`lt` s`b
kjn`r`lt` bd vcduf`l f`kjkc, kòjkc b nuabs `l db
fâsgbrb.
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l k`d
k `d pbgj`lt`
@d usubrjc k` D`cljUdus bsuf` `xgdusjvbf`lt` db
r`spclsbojd
r`spclsbojdjkbk
jkbk pbrb db s`d`ggj÷l
jk÷l`b k`d fcljtcrjzbgj÷l k` db yncrfb
k`d pbgj`lt` fâs
k`d sjst`fb
k` fcljtcrjzbgj÷l k` pbgj`lt` qu` prcpcrgjclb kbtcs
sjaljnjgbtjvcs scor` `d nulgjclbfj`ltc k`d `qujpc y
scor` `d `stbkc k`d pbgj`lt`.
Db sàurjkbk k`d pbgj`lt` pu`k` abrbltjzbrs` k`
kjn`r`lt`s fbl`rbs, pcr `m`fpdc f`kjblt` `d
fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
fcljtcrjzbgj÷l k` dcs sjalcs
s jalcs gdæljgcs pcr pbrt` k`d
p`rsclbd fêkjgc c oj`l b trbvês k` ul fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
`d`gtr÷ljgc k`d nulgjclbfj`ltc k`d `qujpc y k`d
`stbkc k`d pbgj`lt`.
_`v ?.0.7 27

Gbpætudc
k` s àurjkb
k
?
Jlkjgbgjcl`s bkjgjclbd`s pbrb db cxjf`træb k` pudsc

Fbsjfc
Psc pr`vjstc @d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc s` utjdjzb pbrb db f`kjgj÷l

k` WpC? y db tbsb k` pudsc kurblt` db r`spjrbgj÷l
r `spjrbgj÷l gcl
D`cljUdus.
Djfjtbgjcl`s @d pudscxæf`trc lc kò` utjdjzbrs` gcfc fcljtcr k`

bpl`b.
Db f`kjgj÷l k` db tbsb k` pudsc s` obsb `l `d
ràjstrc ÷ptjgc k` dcs jfpudscs p`rjnêrjgcs k` gbukbd,
pcr dc gubd lc pu`k` k`t`gtbr k`t`rfjlbkbs brrjtfjbs.
@d pudscxæf`trc lc kò` usbrs` pbrb `d jlt`rgbfojc c
gcfc sustjtutc k` ul blâdjsjs k` brrjtfjb obsbkc `l
ul @GA.
Pl pudscxæf`trc
k`t`ggj÷l pr`gcz.kò` gclsjk`rbrs`
Gublkc s` jlkjgb gcfc sjst`fb k`
ulb t`lk`lgjb
hbgjb ulb nbdtb k` cxæa`lc `l `d pbgj`lt`, kò`l
`xbfjlbrs` sus fu`strbs k` sblar` f`kjblt` `d
cxæf`trc GC k` dbocrbtcrjc pbrb ràjstrbr `d `stbkc
k`d pbgj`lt` æltàrbf`lt`.
Kurblt` `d `sgbl`c F_[ lc s` kò`l usbr `d dcs
s`lscr`s k`d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc lj dcs s`lscr`s
k` cxjf`træb. Db gcrrj`lt` k` jlkuggj÷l pckræb
prcvcgbr qu`fbkurbs. @d pudscxæf`trc pu`k` bdt`rbr
db jfba`l F_[ y `d `qujpc F_[ pu`k` p`rmukjgbr `d
ljv`d k` pr`gjsj÷l k` db f`kjgj÷l cxjfêtrjgb.
Wustblgjbs p`rturobkcrbs Gbrocxjh`fcadcojlb pu`k` `d`vbr `rr÷l`bf`lt` dcs

vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l. Gcdcrblt`s c sustblgjbs gcl
gcdcrblt`s qu` bdt`rbl db pjaf`ltbgj÷l brt`rjbd tæpjgb,
pu`k`l prcvcgbr vbdcr`s `rr÷l`cs k` f`kjgj÷l.
Fblkc @d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc kò` usbrs` s÷dc pcr pbrt`
k` p`rsclbd gubdjnjgbkc.
Ptjdjg` `xgdusjvbf`lt` dcs s`lscr`s k` cxjf`træb
Fbsjfc pbrb db f`kjgj÷l k`d ljv`d k` WpC ?. @xjst`
rj`sac k` prckugjr h`rjkbs kêrfjgbs `l gbsc k`
gcdcgbr `d s`lscr `rr÷l`bf`lt`.
`rr÷l`bf`lt`. D`b dbs
jlstruggjcl`s k` usc Fbsjfc k`d s`lscr.
@d gbod` k` pbgj`lt` kò` t`lk`rs` gujkbkcsbf`lt`
pbrb r`kugjr `d rj`sac k` ul `lr`kc c ulb
`strblaudbgj÷l k`d pbgj`lt`.
Lc utjdjg` s`lscr`s lj gbod`s kbòbkcs.
Blt`s k` gbkb usc k`d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc kò`
v`rjnjgbrs` `d dæfjt` k` bdbrfb pbrb bsàurbr `d bmust`
jk÷l`c pbrb `d pbgj`lt` fcljtcr`bkc.
2; _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
y vcduf`l k` sufjljst rc
Kbtcs têgljgcs y vcduf`l
7
7. Kbtcs têgljgcs y vcduf`l k` sufjljstrc
Kbtcs
Kbtcs têgljgcs
@d `qujpc hb sjkc gclgòjkc scor` db obs` k` dbs
kjr`gtjvbs k` db lcrfb @L>5>52-2-;. [ckcs dcs
pbrâf`trcs qu` pcl`l `l rj`sac bd pbgj`lt`, s`
sup`rvjsbl `l ncrfb r`kulkblt` f`kjblt` gcfpcl`lt`s
k` sàurjkbk k` hbrkwbr`.
Db kcguf`ltbgj÷l têgljgb pu`k` scdjgjtbrs` k`d

nborjgblt`.
_blacs
_blacs k` bmust` k` dcs pbrâ
pbrâf`trcs
f`trcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l
r`spjr bgj÷l
JUU^/JF^ W-JUU^ W-JF^
Ur`sj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l
0 .. >5 0 .. >5 0 .. >5
U Jlsp YfobrV
Ur`sj÷l k` bpcyc k` db r`spjrbgj÷l
`spcltâl`b - - K`sg. > .. >5
UWcpcrt` YfobrV
Ur`sj÷l pcsjtjvb, k` `spjrbgj÷l njlbd
5 .. 75 5 .. 75 5 .. 75
U@@U
U@@ U YfobrV
Yf obrV
Ndumc jlspjrbtcrjc
2 .. 7? 2 .. 7? 2 .. 7?
Ndumc Jlsp Yd/fjlV
Ndumc `spjrbtcrjc njlbd
? .. 25 ? .. 25 ? .. 25
Ndumc @sp Yd/fjlV
[rjaa`r k` vcduf`l
r`spjrbgj÷l pbrb k`t`rfjlbgj÷l k`
`spcltâl`b - 0 .. 75 0 .. 75
[rja ^cd Y% ^[jV
[rjaa`r k` ndumc pbrb k`t`rfjlbgj÷l k`
r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b - 5,2 .. 2 5,2 .. 2
[rjaa`r Yd/fjlV
Yd/fjlV
Nr`gu`lgjb r`spjrbtcrjb
> .. ?55 ? .. 255 2) ? .. 255
Nr`g / 2) Nr`g Obgiup Y2/fjlV
[j`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l
5,25 .. ?,55 5,25 .. ?,55 5,25 .. ?,55
[ jlsp Ys`gV
_`v ?.0.7 20

Gbpætudc
7
Abrbltæb k` vcduf`l `spjrbtcrjc

- K`sg9 5,2 .. ?55 K`sg9 5,2 .. ?55
^[A YfdV
Djfjtbgj÷l
^[ Dæfjt k` vcduf`l jlspjrbtcrjc
Dæfjt Y fdV K`sg9 2 ..?55 K`sg9 2 .. ?55 K`sg9 2 .. ?55
Gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` C?
Gclg`ltrbgj÷l
?2 .. 255 ?2 .. 255 ?2 .. 255
C? Y%V
UW^-WJF^ UW^-WJUU^
0 .. >5 0 .. >5
U Jlsp YfobrV
Ur`sj÷l k` bpcyc k` db r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b
K`sg, > .. >5 -
U Wcpcrt` YfobrV
5 .. 75 5 .. 75
U@@U
U@@ U Yfo brV
Ndumc jlspjrbtcrjc
2 .. 7? 2 .. 7?
Ndumc Jlsp Yd/fjlV
2 .. ?5 2 .. ?5
Ndumc @sp Yd/fjlV
[j`fpc fâxjfc k` jlspjrbgj÷l
5,25 .. ?,55 5,25 .. ?,55
[ jlsp fbx Ys`gV
[rjaa`r k` vcduf`l pbrb k`t`rfjlbgj÷l k`
r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b 0 .. 75 0 .. 75
[rja ^cd Y%
Y % ^[jV
^[jV
[rjaa`r k` ndumc pbrb k`t`rfjlbgj÷l
k`t`rfjlbgj÷l k` r`spjrbgj÷l 5,2 .. 2 5,2 .. 2
`spcltâl`b
`spcltâl`b
[rjaa`r Yd/fjlV
Yd/fjlV
Nr`gu`lgjb r`spjrbtcrjb ?)
? .. 255 ? .. 255
Nr`g / ?) Nr`g Obgiup Y2/fjlV
[j`fpc obgiup k` jlspjrbgj÷l
5,25 .. ?,55 5,25 .. ?,55
[ J Obgiup
Obgiup Y s`gV
K`sg9 5,2 .. ?55 K`sg9 5,2 .. ?55
^[A YfdV
Djfjtbgj÷l k` vcduf`l jlspjrbtcrjc
K`sg9 2 ..?55 K`sg9 2 .. ?55
^[ Dæfjt
Dæfjt Y fdV
Gclg`ltrbgj÷l
?2 .. 255 ?2 .. 255
C? Y%V
2> _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
7
GUBU lGUBU HNC

Ndumc fæljfc 7)
7) ? .. 2> ? .. ?5 -
Ndumc Yd/fjlV / Ndumc GUBU Yd/fjlV
Ndumc k` vcduf`l `spjrbtcrjc ncrzbkc
fblubd - ; .. 7? -
Ndumc Fbl Yd/fjlV
Ur`sj÷l GUBU
2 .. ?5 2 .. 20 -
GUBU YfobrV
Gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs obgiup
K`sg9 2 .. 0 - -
Obgiup Yd/fjlV
Ur`sj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l obgiup
> .. >5 - -
U Jlsp YfobrV
[j`fpc k` bpl`b
> .. ?5 - -
[ Bplcb Ys`gV
Ur`sj÷l k` vcduf`l `spjrbtcrjc
ncrzbkc fblubd - > .. 75 2 .. ;5
U Fbl
Fbl YfobrV
Yf obrV
Ur`sj÷l f`kjb
- - 5 .. ;5
U f`kjc YfobrV
Nr`gu`lgjb k` csgjdbgj÷l
- - 0 .. ?5
HN Nr`g YHzV
Bfpdjtuk k` pr`sj÷l, pultb ‗ pultb
- - 0 .. 255
HN Bfpd YfobrV
_`dbgj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l gcl
`spjrbgj÷l - - ?0=10 .. 05=05
J=@
Nr`gu`lgjb k` r`gdutbfj`ltc
Nr`g _`g
_`g Y2/stkV - - K`sg, 2 .. 0:
Y2/fjlV 2 .. >5
[j`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l k`d
r`gdutbfj`ltc - - 5,2 .. 0
[ _`g
_`g YsV
Ys V
Ljv`d k` pr`sj÷l kurblt` `d
r`gdutbfj`ltc - - 2 .. ;5
U _`g
_`g YfobrV
Yf obrV
- - K`sg9 5,2 .. 75
^[A YfdV
Yfd V
?2 .. 255 ?2 .. 255 ?2 .. 255
C? Y%V
_`v ?.0.7 21

Gbpætudc
7
lJUU^
U Jlsp YfobrV 0 .. 75

5 .. 20
U@@U
U@@ U YfobrV
Yf obrV
Ndumc jlspjrbtcrjc
; .. 7?
Ndumc Jlsp Yd/fjlV
? .. ?5
Ndumc @sp Yd/fjlV
Nr`gu`lgjb r`spjrbtcrjb Y2/fjlV
Y2/fjlV
> ..?55
Nr`g
[j`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l Ys`gV
Ys`gV
5,25 .. 20
[ Jlsp
?2 ..255
C? Y%V
28 _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
7
Kjspcsjtjvcss k` sàurjkbk
Kjspcsjtjvc
Djfjtbgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l
^âdvudb k` scor`pr`sj÷l
scor`pr`sj ÷l f`gâljgb UdjfFbx 6 255 fobr
Wcntwbr` k` djfjtbgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l < 25 fobr pcr scor` Ujlsp bmustbkc bor`
vâdvudb k` bjr` k` `f`ra`lgjb
^cduf`l k`
k ` bdb
bdbrfb
rfb
Bm
Bmus
ust`
t` k`
k ` vcdu
vc duf`l
f`l Ljv`d
Ljv `d k`
k ` pr
pr`sj
`sj÷l
÷l sc
sclc
lcrb
rb b 2 f k`
k ` kjst
kj st blgjb
blg jb
05% 0: ko (B)
255% 1: ko (B)
_`v ?.0.7 2:

Gbpætudc
7
^bdcr`s
^bdcr`s gcfpd`f`ltbrjcs
JUU^/JF^ W-JUU^ W-JF^
[j`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l
5,? .. :,:5 5,? .. 75 5,? .. 75
[@WU Ys`gV
_`dbgj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l gcl `spjrbgj÷l
:=2 .. 2=:: :=2 .. 2=?:: :=2 .. 2=?::
J=@
[rjaa`r k` vcduf`l pbrb k`t`rfjlbgj÷l k`
r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b - 5 .. 755 5 .. 755
[rja ^cd
^cd YfdV
UW^-WJF^ UW^-WJUU^
[j`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l
5,? .. 75 5,? .. 75
[@WU Ys`gV
_`dbgj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l gcl `spjrbgj÷l
:=2 .. 2=?:: :=2 .. 2=?::
J=@
[rjaa`r k` vcduf`l pbrb k`t`rfjlbgj÷l k` r`spjrbgj÷l
`spcltâl`b 5 .. 755 5 .. 755
[rja ^cd
^cd YfdV
GUBU lGUBU
lGUB U HNC lJUU^
[@WU Ys`gV
Ys`gV - - - 5,? .. 8
Ndumc oâsjgc
- > .. ?5 1 > .. ?5
Ndumc obs` YD/fjlV
_`dbgj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l gcl
`spjrbgj÷l - - - 25=2 .. 2=?::
J=@
?5 _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
7
^bdcr
^bdcr`s
`s k` r`sjst`lgjb
r`sjs t`lgjb
^bdcr`s k` r`sjst`lgjb
_`sjst`lgjb k` sjst`fb gcl 75 d/fjl 4 ?5 fobr/d/s
_`sjst`lgjb k` sjst`fb gcl 0 d/fjl 4 2? fobr/d/s
_`sjst`lgjb jlspjrbtcrjb 4 2? fobr/d/s
_`sjst`lgjb `spjrbtcrjb 4 8 fobr/d/s
Ur`gjsjcl`s
Ur`gjsjcl `s k` db jlkjgbgj÷l k` dcs vbdcr`s
v bdcr`s k`
f`kjgj÷l
f`kjgj ÷l (O[UW*)
Ur`gjsjcl`s k` db jlkjg bgj÷l k` dcs

Ur`gjsjcl`s
vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l
Ur`sj÷l k`
k ` pultb
pult b (Up`bi)
(Up`bi)
_blac k` f`kjgj÷l ->5 ‗ 255 fobr
_`scdugj÷l 5,2 fobr
Ur`gjsj÷l ²; % k`d vbdcr k` bmust` c 5,0 fobr9 rja` `d vbdcr fâs
arblk`
Ur`sj÷l f`kjb
f `kjb (Uf`kjc)
(Uf`kjc)
_blac k` f`kjgj÷l ->5 ‗ 255 fobr
_`scdugj÷l 5,2 fobr
Ur`gjsj÷l ²; % k`d vbdcr k` bmust` c 5,0 fobr9 rja` `d vbdcr fâs
arblk`
Ur`sj÷l k` `spjrbgj÷l pcsjtjvb (U@@U)

_blac k` f`kjgj÷l
_`scdugj÷l ->5 ‗ 255 fobr
Ur`gjsj÷l 5,2 fobr
²; % k`d vbdcr k` bmust` c oj`l 5,0 fobr, rja` `d vbdcr
fâs arblk`
^cduf`l Fjlutc
Fjlu tc (F^)
_blac k` f`kjgj÷l 5 ‗ ::,: d
_`scdugj÷l 25 fd
Ur`gjsj÷l
Ur`gjsj÷l ²8 %
* 71µG, pr`sj÷l bfoj`ltbd, 255% k` huf`kbk k`d bjr`
_`v ?.0.7 ?2

Gbpætudc
7
^cduf`l k` gjgdc r `spjrbtcrjc (^tj,

(^tj,
^[`)
_blac k` f`kjgj÷l 5 ‗ ::: fd
_`scdugj÷l 5,2 fd
Ur`gjsj÷l
Ur`gjsj÷l ²8 % k`d vbdcr k` bmust` c oj`l 5,0 fd, rja` `d vbdcr
fâs arblk`
Nuab k` tuoc
tuo c (Nuab)
_blac k` f`kjgj÷l 25 ‗ 255 %
_`scdugj÷l 2%
Ur`gjsj÷l ²25 %
Gcfpdjblgjb kjlâfjgb (Gkyl)

_blac k` f`kjgj÷l 5 ‗ 055 fd/fobr
_`scdugj÷l 5,2 fd/fobr
Ur`gjsj÷l ²8 %
_`sjst`lgj b k` væb r`spjrbtcrjb

_`sjst`lgjb r`spjrbtcrj b (_)
(_)
_blac k` f`kjgj÷l 5 ‗ 0555 fobr/d/s
_`scdugj÷l 2 fobr/d/s
Ur`gjsj÷l ²8 %
Gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc (C?)

_blac k` f`kjgj÷l 28 ‗ 255 %
_`scdugj÷l 2%
Ur`gjsj÷l ²7 % (^cd.)
F`kjgj÷l gcl gcfp`lsbgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l pbrgjbd
Kjf`lsjcl`s
Kjf`lsjcl `s / U
U`sc
`sc
Kjf`lsjcl`s / U`sc
Blghc x Bdtc x Urcnulkc 75,0 gf x 78,0 gf x 7: gf
U`sc ?? ia
?? _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
7
^bdcr`s
^bdcr`s k` ss`rvjgjc
`rvjgjc
^bdcr`s k` s`rvjgjc
Bd
Bdjf
jf`lt
`ltbgj
bgj÷l
÷l k` gcr
g crrj
rj`lt
`lt`
` 220 ^BG +25% / -20%, 05/>5 Hz
?75 ^BG +25% / -20%, 05 ‗ >5 Hz
Gclsufc k` gcr rj`lt`

gcl ?;5 ^ 5,80 B
gcl 225 ^ ?,5 B
Gclsufc k` pct `lgjb ?55 ^B
Nusjod`
gcl ?75 ^ [?,0B KJL ;2012 (?x)
gcl 220 ^ [?,0B KJL ;2012 (?x)
Gdbs` k` prct`ggj÷l
prct`ggj÷l
@qujpc Gdbs` k` prct`ggj÷l J
[jpc O
[jpc O= 6 Uj`zb k` bpdjgbgj÷l "Ocky" pbrb usc `l

gu`rpc, p`rc lc `l gcrbz÷l boj`rtc.
W`lscr WpC? [jpc ON
[jpc ON 6 Uj`zb k` bpdjgbgj÷l "Ocky ndcbtjla" pbrb usc

`l gu`rpc, p`rc lc `l gcrbz÷l boj`rtc9
abdvâljgbf`lt`
abdvâljgbf` lt` s`pbrbkc k`d gclkugtcr prct`gtcr.
sàýl KJL @L >5>52-2
Gdbsjnjgbgj÷l
Gdbsjnjgbgj÷l Gdbs` JJ o
Wàýl Kjr`gtjvb :7/;?/G@@ Bl`xc JX
Gdbsjnjgbgj÷l JU JUX2
Urct`ggj÷l gcltrb baub k` act`c
_`v ?.0.7 ?7

Gbpætudc
7
Gcl`xjcl`s
Gcl`xjcl `s k` abs
Gcl`xjcl`s
Bd
Bdjf
jf`lt
`ltbgj
bgj÷l
÷l k` bjr`
bj r` gcf
g cfpr
prjf
jfjk
jkcc
_blac k` pr`sj÷l ?,5 ‗ >,0 hUb x 2555 (obr)
Gbdjkbk Bjr` gcfprjfjkc fêkjgc, s`gc, djor` k` bg`jt` y
pbrtægudbs
Bd
Bdjf
jf`lt
`ltbgj
bgj÷l
÷l k` cxæa
c xæa`lc
`lc
_blac k` pr`sj÷l ?,5 ‗ >,0 hUb x 2555 (obr)
Gbdjkbk Cxæa`lc fêkjgc, s`gc, djor` k` bg`jt` y pbrtægudbs
W`lscr`s
W`lscr
W`lscr k ` ndumc
Urcg`kjfj`ltcc k` f`kjgj÷l
Urcg`kjfj`lt Bl`fcf`træb têrfjgb
Buf`ltc k`d `spbgjc fu`rtc 5,> fd
_blac k` f`kjgj÷l hbstb 7? d/fjl
Ur`gjsj÷l
Ur`gjsj ÷l ²8 % k`d vbdcr k` bmust` c oj`l 5,0 fd, rja` `d vbdcr
fâs arblk`
W`lscr k` cxæa`lc
[jpc Ujdb k` gcfoustjod`
[5..:5 42?s gcl gbukbd k` 2d/fjl

W`lscr`s WpC?
Fbsjfc DLGW® L`cUt butcbkh`sjvc, bpdjgbgj÷l

bpdjgbgj÷ l `l ul scdc pbgj`lt`, 42ia
Fbsjfc DLGW® L`c butcbkh`sjvc, bpdjgbgj÷l

bpdjgbgj÷ l `l ul scdc pbgj`lt`, 47ia ÷
<;5ia
Fbsjfc DLGW® Jln butcbkh`sjvc, bpdjgbgj÷l

bpdjgbgj÷ l `l ul scdc pbgj`lt`, 7-?5ia
?; _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
7
Fbt`rjbd
Gcfpcl`lt`
Gbmb Djor`s k` dât`x

Jlt`rjcr k`d `qujpc
[uo`ræb jlt`rlb
Jlt`rnbg`s
Jlt`rnbg`s
Gcl`xj÷l s`rjbd GCF 2 (_W ?7?) HPDOPW (gcl`xj÷l s`rjbd gcl db gubd pu`k`l `lvjbrs`
b gbkb ctrb uljkbk)
¡Wjab dbs jlstruggjcl`s
jlstruggjcl`s jlkjvjkubd`s k` jlstbdbgj÷l!
Gcl`xj÷l s`rjbd GCF ? (_W ?7?) û`Djli (gcl`xj÷l s`rjbd gcl db gubd pu`k` gcl`gtbrs`
ul f÷kudc û`Djli k` Uhjddjps)
¡Wjab dbs jlstruggjcl`s
jlstruggjcl`s jlkjvjkubd`s k` jlstbdbgj÷l!
gcl`xj÷l s`rjbd WpC? (_W ?7?) Fbsjfc WpC? (gcl`xj÷l s`rjbd gcl uWpC?ℯ Fbsjfc
W@[® Cxjf`try Fckud)
Jlt`rnbz @th`rl`t usbr s÷dc pbrb njl`s k` s`rvjgjc
Jlt`rnbz PWO usbr s÷dc pbrb njl`s k` s`rvjgjc
Gclkjgjcl`s k` `ltcrlc
`ltcrlc
Gclkjgjcl`s k` `ltcrlc
@l s`rvjgjc
[`fp`rbturb -25 ‗ ;5µG
Ur`sj÷l k` bjr` 155 ‗ 25>5 hUb
Huf`kbk r`dbtjvb 75 ‗ :5 %, sjl gclk`lsbgj÷l
@l bdfbg`lbfj`ltc y trblspcrt`
[`fp`rbturb -?5 ‗ 70µG
Ur`sj÷l k` bjr` 055 ‗ 25>5 hUb
Huf`kbk r`dbtjvb 25 ‗ 255 %, sjl gclk`lsbgj÷l
_`v ?.0.7 ?0

Gbpætudc
7
^jkb ýtjd k`d

k `d `qujpc
`qujpc
 8 bòcs
Njdtrc k` r`spjrbgj÷l
Njdtrc k` r`spjrbgj÷l
@spjrbgj÷l UBDD OO05

^cduf`l jlt`rlc :5 fd
_`sjst`lgjb Bprcx. 2 gfH?C gcl >5 d/fjl
k`s`ghbod`
Njdtrbgj÷l Obgt`rjbs/^jrus
Uct`lgjb k` s`pbrbgj÷l ::,::%
U`rf`bojdjkbk k` baub F`forblb hjkr÷ncob
Njdtrc H@UB
Gcl`xjcl`s ?? ff JWC
Njdtrc H@UB + Jlspjrbgj÷l

^cduf`l jlt`rlc 71 fd
_`sjst`lgjb 5,: fobr gcl 75 d/fjl
Njdtrbgj÷l Obgt`rjbs/^jrus
Uct`lgjb k` s`pbrbgj÷l ::,:%
Gcl`xjcl`s ??F/20N y ??N/20F
[jpc k` njdtrbgj÷l Njdtrc `d`gtrc`stâtjgc/f`gâljgc
`d`gtrc`stâtjgc/f`gâljgc
?> _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
7
@sp`gjnjgbgj÷l k` F÷kudc k` Cxjf`træb uWpC?ℯ

Fbsjfc W@[®
_blac
Wbturbgj÷l (%WpC?) 2 ‗ 255 ^cd%

[bsb k` pudsc (opf) ?0 ‗ ?;5
U`rnusj÷l 5,5? ‗ ?5 ^cd%
Ur`gjsj÷l
Wbturbgj÷l (% WpC
WpC?) ‗ Obmc
gclkjgjcl`s sjl fcvjfj`ltc 2
Bkudtcs, ljòcs 15 ‗255 ^cd% ² ? ^cd%
5 ‗ >: ^cd% lc `sp`gjnjgbkc
L`clbtcs 15 ‗ 255 ^cd% ² 7 ^cd%
Wbturbgj÷l (%WpC
(%WpC?) ‗ Obmc
?, 7
gclkjgjcl`s gcl fcvjfj`ltc
ljòcs ?
Bkudtcs, ljòcs 15 ‗ 255 ^cd% ² 7 ^cd%
L`clbtcss7
L`clbtc 15 ‗ 255 ^cd% ² 7 ^cd%
[bsb k` pudsc (opf) ‗ Obmc
fcvjfj`ltc 2
gclkjgjcl`s sjl fcvjfj`ltc
Bkudtcs, ljòcs, l`clbtcs ?0 hbstb ?;5 ² 7
2
@d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc W@[® FW ocbrk gcl s`lscr`s DLCU-Bkt hb sjkc vbdjkbkc `l `xâf`l`s k` sblar` hufblb `l
prcoblkcs bkudtcs sblcs `l r`dbgj÷l b db pr`gjsj÷l, obmc gclkjgjcl`s sjl fcvjfj`ltc, `l `stukjcs gcl hjpcxjb jlkugjkb `l `d
rblac k` 15 ‗ 255 % WpC?, `l gcfpbrbgj÷l gcl `d cxæf`trc GC k` dbocrbtcrjc y `d fcljtcr k` @GA. @stb v`rsj÷l
gcrr`spclk` bprcxjfbkbf`lt`
bprcxjfbkbf`lt` b ulb k`svjbgj÷l `stâlkbr. Bprcxjfbkbf`lt` ulb k`svjbgj÷l `stâlkbr bobrgb `d >8% k` db
pcpudbgj÷l.
?
@d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc W@[® FW ocbrk gcl s`lscr`s DLCU-Bkt hb sjkc vbdjkbkc `l `xâf`l`s k` sblar` hufblb `l
prcoblkcs bkudtcs sblcs `l r`dbgj÷l b db pr`gjsj÷l, obmc gclkjgjcl`s gcl fcvjfj`ltc, `l `stukjcs gcl hjpcxæb jlkugjkb `l
`d rblac k` 15 ‗ 255 % WpC?, `l gcfpbrbgj÷l gcl `d cxæf`trc GC k` dbocrbtcrjc y `d fcljtcr k` @GA. @l `stc s` r`bdjzbrcl
fcvjfj`ltcs k` nrjggj÷l y obtjkcs gcl ? ‗ ; Hz y 2 ‗ ? gf k` bfpdjtuk, bsæ gcfc ul fcvjfj`ltc ýljgc `ltr` 2 ‗ 0 Hz y ? ‗ 7
gf k` bfpdjtuk. @stb v`rsj÷l gcrr`spclk` bprcxjfbkbf`lt` b ulb k`svjbgj÷l `stâlkbr. Bprcxjfbkbf`lt`
Bprcxjfbkbf`lt` ulb k`svjbgj÷l
`stâlkbr bobrgb `d >8% k` db pcpudbgj÷l.
7
@d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc W@[® FW ocbrk gcl DLCU-L`c y s`lscr`s DLCU Ut hb sjkc vbdjkbkc `l `xâf`l`s k` sblar`
hufblb `l prcoblkcs bkudtcs sblcs `l r`dbgj÷l b db pr`gjsj÷l, obmc gclkjgjcl`s gcl y sjl fcvjfj`ltc, `l `stukjcs gcl
hjpcxjb jlkugjkb `l `d rblac k` 15 ‗ 255 % WpC?, `l gcfpbrbgj÷l gcl `d cxæf`trc GC k` dbocrbtcrjc y `d fcljtcr k` @GA.
@l `stc s` r`bdjzbrcl fcvjfj`ltcs k` nrjggj÷l y obtjkcs gcl ? ‗ ; Hz y 2 ‗ ? gf k` bfpdjtuk, bsæ gcfc ul fcvjfj`ltc ýljgc
`ltr` 2 ‗ 0 Hzgcrr`spclk`
@stb v`rsj÷l y ? ‗ 7 gf k` bfpdjtuk. B dcs r`sudtbkcs
bprcxjfbkbf`lt` s` suf÷
b ulb k`svjbgj÷l `d 2 % pbrb
`stâlkbr. gclsjk`rbr dcs `n`gtcs
Bprcxjfbkbf`lt` k` db h`fcadcojlb
ulb k`svjbgj÷l n`tbd.
`stâlkbr bobrgb
`d >8% k` db pcpudbgj÷l.
_`v ?.0.7 ?1

Gbpætudc
7
[bsb k` pudsc (opf) ‗ Obmc

fcvjfj`ltc ?, 7
gclkjgjcl`s gcl fcvjfj`ltc
Bkudtcs, ljòcs, l`clbtcs ?0 hbstb ?;5 ² 0
_`scdugj÷l
Wbturbgj÷l (% WpC?) 2 ^cd%

[bsb k` pudsc (opf) 2
Uct`lgjb gcl p`rnusj÷l obmb ;
< 5,5? % k` bfpdjtuk k` pudsc y % k` Wbturbgj÷l (%WpC?) ² ? ^cd%

trblsfjsj÷l < 0% [bsb k` pudsc ² 7
Wustblgjbss p`rturobkcrbs
Wustblgjb p`rturobkcrbs
Gbrocxjh`fcadcojlb pu`k` `d`vbr

`rr÷l`bf`lt`
`rr÷l`bf`l t` dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l. @d
buf`ltc gcrr`spclk` bprcxjfbkbf`lt`
bd vcduf`l k` gbrocxjh`fcadcojlb
pr`s`lt`. Gcdcrblt`s c sustblgjbs gcl
gcdcrblt`s qu` bdt`rbl db pjaf`ltbgj÷l
pjaf`ltbgj÷l
brt`rjbd tæpjgb, pu`k`l prcvcgbr vbdcr`s
`rr÷l`cs k` f`kjgj÷l.
;
@d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc W@[ ® FW ocbrk hb sjkc vbdjkbkc `l r`dbgj÷l b db pr`gjsj÷l, gcl p`rnusj÷l obmb, `l `lsbycs k`
pu`stcs k` pruòb, `l gcfpbrbgj÷l gcl ul Ojctì Jlk`x ? Wjfudbtcr y Fbsjfc‚s Wjfudbtcr gcl jlt`lsjkbk`s k` s`òbd
sup`rjcr`s b 5,5? % ybprcxjfbkbf`lt`
v`rsj÷l gcrr`spclk` ulb trblsfjsj÷l pcrg`ltubd sup`rjcr`stâlkbr.
b ulb k`svjbgj÷l bd 0 % pbrb sbturbgjcl`s `lulb
Bprcxjfbkbf`lt` ul rblac k` 15`stâlkbr
k`svjbgj÷l b 255 %.bobrgb
@stb `d
>8% k` db pcpudbgj÷l.
?8 _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
7
Gcfpbtjojdjkbk `d`gtrcfbalêtjgb
Kjr`gtjvbs y k`gdbrbgj÷l k`d nborjgblt`- Jlfuljkbk `d`gtrcfbalêtjgb
@d D`cljUdus hb sjkc gclgòjkc pbrb db cp`rbgj÷l `l ul
`ltcrlc `d`gtrcfbalêtjgc qu` s` k`sgrjo` b gcltjlubgj÷l.
@d gdj`lt` c usubrjc k`d D`cljUdus kò` bsàurbr qu` `d
`qujpc `s usbkc `xgdusjvbf`lt` `l `st` `ltcrlc.
@ltcrlc `d`gtrcfbalêtjgc - Kjr`gtjvb

Kjr`gtjvbss
Db kjstblgjb `ltr` `d D`clj Udus (jlgduy`lkc tuo`ræbs) y dcs
bpbrbtcs k` rbkjc pcrtâtjd`s, f÷vjd`s y p`rfbl`lt`f`lt`
jlstbdbkcs `l nulgjclbfj`ltc lc kò` s`r jln`rjcr b db
kjstblgjb k` prct`ggj÷l r`gcf`lkbkb sàýl db `gubgj÷l
qu` s` bpdjgb pbrb db nr`gu`lgjb k` trblsfjsj÷l.
Gcltrcd k` jlfuljkbk
jlfu ljkbk J@G >5>52
>5>52-- Ljv`d k` @ltcrlc `d`gtrcfbalêtjgc -
Ljv`d k` gclncrfjkbk Kjr`gtjvbs
gcltrcd
7 ^`nn
Fbaljtuk p`rturobkcrb 205 iHz b 85 Kjstblgjb k` prct`ggj÷l
_N gclkugjkb sàýl FHz 7 ^`nn r`gcf`lkbkb=
J@G >2555-;-> nu`rb k` oblkbs k 6 Y7,0/7V∝U 6 2,21∝U
JWFb
25 ^`nn Kjstblgjb k` prct`ggj÷l
205 iHz b 85 25 ^`nn r`gcf`lkbkb
FHz k`ltrc k`
k 6 Y2?/25V∝U 6 2,?∝U
dbs oblkbs JWFb
Kjstblgjb k` prct`ggj÷l
r`gcf`lkbkb=
Fbaljtuk k 6 Y2?/25V∝U 6 2,?∝U

_N rbkjbkbp`rturobkcrb
sàýl J@G 25
85 ^/f
FHz b ?,0 25^/f pbrb 85 FHz hbstb 855
>2555-;-7 AHz FHz
k 6 Y?7/25V∝U 6 ?,7∝U
pbrb ?,0 AHz b 855 FHz
Uruòb k` `fjsj÷l k` jlt`rn`r`lgjbs
jlt `rn`r`lgjbs Gcjlgj k`lgjb @ltcrlc `d`gtrcfbalêtjgc
`d`gtrcfbalêtj gc -
Kjr`gtjvbs
@d D`cljUdus `s jk÷l`c pbrb `d
usc `l tckbs dbs k`fâs âr`bs
nu`rb k`d âr`b hbojtbgjclbd y tbd`s
@fjsj÷l HN âr`bs qu` `stâl kjr`gtbf`lt`
Gdbs` B
sàýl GJWU_ 22 gcl`gtbkbss gcl db r`k pýodjgb k`
gcl`gtbkb
trblspcrt` y qu` bobst`g`
tbfojêl `kjnjgjcs utjdjzbkcs pbrb
njl`s hbojtbgjclbd`s.
hbojtbgjclbd`s.
_`v ?.0.7 ?:

Gbpætudc
7
U 6 pct`lgjb lcfjlbd fâxjfb k`d `fjscr `l vbtjcs (Q)

sàýl jlkjgbgjcl`s k`dr`gcf`lkbkb
nborjgblt` k`d`l
`fjscr k o
kjstblgjb k` prct`ggj÷l f`trcsy (f) gcfc

Db jlt`lsjkbk k`d gbfpc k` dbs rbkjc`fjscrbs

`stbgjclbrjbs kò` s`r jln`rjcr bd ljv`d k` gclncrfjkbk `l
tckbs dbs nr`gu`lgjbs, sàýl ulb jlv`stjabgj÷l jl sjtu .
@l `d `ltcrlc k` `qujpcs qu` dd`vbl `st` sæfocdc k`

r`dâfpbac, `s pcsjod` qu` s` pr`s`lt`l p`rturobgjcl`s.
COW@_^BGJ×L 2=
@l 85 FHz y 855 FHz rja` `d rblac k` nr`gu`lgjb fâs
bdtc.
COW@_^BGJ×L ?=
@v`ltubdf`lt` lc pu`k`l bpdjgbrs` `stbs kjr`gtjvbs `l
tckcs dcs gbscs. Db prcpbabgj÷l k` dbs fbaljtuk`s
`d`gtrcfbalêtjgbs `s jlndujkb pcr dbs boscrgjcl`s y
r`nd`xjcl`s k` `kjnjgjcs, com`tcs y p`rsclbs.
b) Dbs oblkbs k` nr`gu`lgjb JWF (pbrb bpdjgbgjcl`s

jlkustrjbd`s, gj`ltænjgbs y fêkjgbs) `ltr` 205 iHz y 85
FHz scl >,1>0 FHz b >,1:0 FHz9 27,007 FHz b 27,0>1
FHz9 ?>,:01 FHz b ?1,?87 FHz y ;5,>> FHz b ;5,15
FHz.
o) @d LJ^@D K@ GCLNC_FJKBK `l dbs oblkbs k`

nr`gu`lgjb JWF `ltr` 205 iHz y 85 FHz y `l `d rblac k`
nr`gu`lgjb k` 85 FHz y ?,0 AHz `stâl gclgòjkcs pbrb
r`kugjr
k` db prcobojdjkbk
gcfuljgbgj÷l pu`kblqu`prcvcgbr
dcs `qujpcs f÷vjd`s/pcrtâtjd`s
jlt`rn`r`lgjbs `l gbsc
k` s`r dd`vbkcs bggjk`ltbdf`lt` bd âr`b k` UBGJ@L[@.
Ucr `stb rbz÷l s` bpdjgb `d nbgtcr bkjgjclbd k` 25/7 `l `d
gâdgudc k` dbs kjstblgjbs k` prct`ggj÷l `l `stcs rblacs
k` nr`gu`lgjb.
75 _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
7
g) Db jlt`lsjkbk k`d gbfpc k` `fjscrbs `stbgjclbrjbs,

gcfc p. ` m. `stbgjcl`s obs` k` t`dênclcs f÷vjd`s y
kjspcsjtjvcs f÷vjd`s k` `fjsj÷l barægcdb, `stbgjcl`s k`
rbkjc k` bnjgjclbkcs,
t`d`vjsj÷l, lc pu`k`l `fjscrbs k` rbkjc
pr`k`njljrs` BF y NF ygcl
t`÷rjgbf`lt` k`
pr`gjsj÷l. W` r`gcfj`lkb `vbdubr db r`bdjzbgj÷l k` ul
`stukjc k` db uojgbgj÷l pbrb k`t`rfjlbr `d `ltcrlc
`d`gtrcfbalêtjgc `l r`dbgj÷l b dbs `fjscrbs
`stbgjclbrjbs. Gublkc db jlt`lsjkbk k`d gbfpc scor`pbsb
`d ljv`d k` gclncrfjkbk brrjob jlkjgbkc `l db uojgbgj÷l
kclk` s` utjdjzb `d D`cljUdus, kò` cos`rvbrs` `d
D`cljUdus pbrb gcfprcobr su nulgjclbfj`ltc sàýl `d
D`cljUdus
usc pr`vjstc. @l gbsc k` k`t`gtbr gbrbgt`ræstjgbs k`
trbobmc `xtrbòcs, pu`k`l r`qu`rjrs` f`kjkbs bkjgjclbd`s,
gcfc p. `m. ulb bkbptbgj÷l c ul gbfojc k` db uojgbgj÷l
k`d D`cljUdus.
k) Db jlt`lsjkbk k`d gbfpc kò` s`r jln`rjcr b 7^/f `l `d

rblac k` nr`gu`lgjb k` 205 iHz b 85 FHz.
^cduf`l k` sufjljstr
s ufjljstrc
c
 _`spjrbkcr D`cljUdus
 Gbod` k` r`k
 Uudf÷l k` pruòb
 Jlstruggjcl`s k` s`rvjgjc
 Jlstruggjcl`s k` s`rvjgjc bor`vjbkbs
 W`lscr k` ndumc + Gbod` k` s`lscr k` ndumc
 W`lscr k` ndumc bkjgjclbd
 ^âdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l bkjgjclbd
^`rsjcl
`rsjcl`s
`s k` `qujp
`qujpcc
Fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l HNC
@d `qujpc `stâ kjspcljod` gcl y sjl HNC (Hjah Nr`qu`lgy
Csgjddbtjcl).
_`v ?.0.7 72

Gbpætudc
7
Cpgjcl`s
WpC ?
Gcl db cpgj÷l —WpC?‖ s` p`rfjt` `d fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
gcltjluc k` db sbturbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc k`d pbgj`lt` kurblt`
db r`spjrbgj÷l.
Gcl `d gbod` k` cxæf`trc gcl`gtbkc —uWpC?ℯ Fbsjfc

W@[® Cxjf`try‖ gcl s`lscr k`d Fbsjfc s` fjk`l
gcltjlubf`lt` dcs vbdcr`s WpC? y s` jlkjgbl gcfc vbdcr
k` fcljtcrjzbgj÷l `l `d D`cljUdus.
Ougd` g`rrbkc
Gcl db cpgj÷l —Ougd` g`rrbkc‖ s` p`rfjt` ulb r`spjrbgj÷l
gcl ràudbgj÷l pudscxjfêtrjgb.
@d pbrâf`trc
qu` `d vbdcr k` r`spjrbgj÷l Ck`t`rfjlbkc
gcltjlubf`lt` ? s` bmustb k` tbd fbl`rb
k` WpC? s`
`lgu`ltr` k`ltrc k`d rblac com`tjvc `sp`gjnjgbkc pcr `d
usubrjc.
Db cpgj÷l —Ougd` g`rrbkc‖ jlgduy` db cpgj÷l —WpC?‖.
7? _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
k`d `qujpc
^jstb a`l`rbd k`d `qujpc
;
;. ^jstb a`l`rbd k`d `qujpc
@d r`spjrbkcr
1 > 0 ;
(2) [`gdbkc k` f`forblb

(?) Wæfocdc "D``r jlstruggjcl`s k` usc"
(7) Oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc
(;) Gcl`xj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l
(0) Gcl`xj÷l k` tuoc k` f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l
(>) Gcl`xj÷l HNC
(1) Gcl`xj÷l k` `spjrbgj÷l
_`v ?.0.7 77

Gbpætudc
k`d `qujpc
;
22
25
: ;
1 >
(2) Jlt`rnbg`s s`rjbd`s (_W?7?)

(?) Gcl`xj÷l k`d s`lscr WpC?
(7) Gcl`xj÷l b db r`k (255-?;5^,
(255-?;5^, BG)
(;) Gcl`xj÷l k`d s`lscr k` ndumc
(0) Bgg`sc bd s`lscr C?
(>) Gcl`xj÷l k` bjr` gcfprjfjkc (bjr)
(1) Gcl`xj÷l k` cxæa`lc (C?)
(8) Gcl`gtcr k` ddbfbkb b `ln`rf`rb
(:) [cfb k` tj`rrb
(25) Jlt`rnbz PWO
(22) Jlt`rnbz @th`rl`t
7; _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
k`d `qujpc
;
Bgg`s
Bg g`sc
c rjcs
rj cs
(2) [uoc k` f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l
(?) [uoc k` `spjrbgj÷l
(7) [uoc k` jlspjrbgj÷l
(;) Uj`zb `l Z
(0) W`lscr k` ndumc
(>) Uudf÷l k` pruòb
(1) Gbod` k`d s`lscr k` ndumc
Gclscdb
Gclscd b k` fblkc
fblkc y pbltbddb
Gclscdb k` fblkc
_`v ?.0.7 70

Gbpætudc
k`d `qujpc
;
(2) Ubltbddb
Ubltbddb
jltàrbkb.
Gcl pbltbddb tâgtjd jltàrbkb.
(?) Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Gbfojb `ltr` bfobs tbodbs lufêrjgbs
@l db pbltbddb jljgjbd= gbfojb `ltr` dbs `ltrbkbs
k` f`lý k` db obrrb k` f`lý.
(7) ^bdcr`s dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb
bdbrfb
Bor` y gj`rrb dcs vbdcr`s dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb.
(;) Arânjgcs
Arânjgcs
Gbfojb b db v`ltblb k` arânjgcs.
Ougd`s
(0) Ougd`s
ougd`s.
Bor` y gj`rrb db v`ltblb k` ougd`s.
(>) GCL / K@WG / Ubltbddb gj bd
Ubltbdd b jlj gjbd
Bgtjvb/k`sbgtjvb `d `qujpc y db pbltbddb jljgjbd.
(1) Gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
r`spjr btcrjc fblubd
fblubd
fblubd.
Jljgjb ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd.
(8) Ubusb
Ubusb
r`spjrbgj÷l.
Jljgjb ulb pbusb k` r`spjrbgj÷l.
(:) Jljgjc
Jljgjc
r `spjrbgj÷l.
Jljgjb db r`spjrbgj÷l.
(25) Fckc
Fckc
Gclfutb `d fbrgc k` s`d`ggj÷l b dcs fckcs k`
r`spjrbgj÷l.
(22)) Bd brfb sjd`lgjbkb
(22 sjd`lgjbkb
Wjrv` pbrb gclnjrfbr/`lfukbr
gclnjrfbr/`lfukbr dbs bdbrfbs.
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc
(2?) Oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc
@d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc gcfojlb ul pudsbkcr y
ulb ru`kb s`d`gtcrb. @d sæfocdc k` gblkbkc
jlkjgb db nulgj÷l k` sàurjkbk, dc gubd sjaljnjgb
qu` dcs gbfojcs k` dcs pbrâf`trcs lc s` bpdjgbl
gcl ul ajrc bggjk`ltbd, sjlc `xgdusjvbf`lt`
njlbd.
k`spuês k` su gclnjrfbgj÷l njlbd.
(27) D@K k` bdbrfb sjd`lgjbkb
sjd`lgjbkb
Wjrv` pbrb gclnjrfbr/`lfukbr dbs bdbrfbs. Orjddb
`l gcdcr bfbrjddc fj`ltrbs db bdbrfb bgýstjgb `stâ
fukc.
`l fukc.
(2;) D@K k` bdbrfb
bdbrfb
Orjddb `l gcdcr rcmc bd pr`s`ltbrs` ulb bdbrfb.
(20) D@K k` bdbrfb
bdbrfb
Orjddb `l gcdcr bfbrjddc gublkc s` trbobmb gcl
obt`ræbs.
(2>)) D@K
(2> D @K k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷ l pcr r`k
r `k
Orjddb `l gcdcr v`rk` gublkc s` trbobmb gcl
bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷ l pcr r`k.
7> _`v ?.7.7

Gbpætudc
k`d `qujpc
;
Ubltbddb jljgjbd
(2) W`lscr
U`rfjt` db bgtjvbgj÷l/k`sbgtjvbgj÷l k`d s`lscr k`
ndumc
(?) Gbdjorbgj÷l s`lscr k` ndum c
Fu`strb db pr`gjsj÷l y `d tj`fpc k` gbdjorbgj÷l.
(7) Octcl`s
Octc l`s k` gbdjor bgj÷l
bgj÷l
Jljgjb db gbdjorbgj÷l k`d s`lscr k` ndumc
(;) Obrrb
Obrr b k` f`lý
f`lý
Ucsjojdjtb db s`d`ggj÷l kjr`gtb k` ul suof`lý
_`v ?.0.7 71
Gbpætudc
k`d `qujpc
;
Ubltbddb
Ubltbddb pr
prjlgjp
jlgjpbd
bd
(2) Obrrb
Obrr b k` bdbrfb
bdbrfb
Jlkjgbgj÷l k` dbs bdbrfbs bgtjvbs.
(?) ^`ltblb k` arânjg cs
cs
^jsubdjzbgj÷l k` dcs arânjgcs `l tj`fpc r`bd.
(7) Fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjd bgj÷l f`gâljgb
f`gâljgb / Ubrâf`trcs
Ubrâf`trcs
f`gâljgb
k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
Fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb gcl pbrâf`trcs
bgtubd`s k` r`spjrbgj÷l
gcfpd`f`ltbrjcs.
gcfpd`f`ltbrjcs. y vbdcr`s
(;) Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Jlkjgbgj÷l lufêrjgb k` dcs vbdcr`s f`kjkcs k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
78 _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
`qujpc
Cp`rbgj÷l k`d `qujpc
0
0. Cp`rbgj÷l k`d `qujpc

@d `qujpc pu`k` s`r cp`rbkc k` kjn`r`lt`s fbl`rbs= b
trbvês k` db pbltbddb tâgtjd jltàrbkb, `d oct÷l
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc, dbs t`gdbs nulgjclbd`s c oj`l ulb
gcfojlbgj÷l k` `stcs `d`f`ltcs. @d `qujpc pu`k` s`r
cp`rbkc tbfojêl `xgdusjvbf`lt` gcl `d oct÷l
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc y dbs t`gdbs nulgjclbd`s.
¡Bdbrfbs sjd`lgjbkbs!
U`djarc
U`djarc k` sufj ljstrc jlsunj gj`lt` k` cxæa`lc
cxæa`lc
@l gbkb gbfojc k`d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb s` gclfutb db nulgj÷l
BK^@_[@LGJB k` bdbrfb kurblt` f`kjc fjlutc bd fukc.
 W` kò`
kò` fcljtcrjzbr
fcljtcrjzbr db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb fj`ltrbs dbs bdbrfbs
bdbrfbs `stâl
`l fukc.
Cp`rb
p`rbgj÷l
gj÷l gcl `d oct÷l
oct÷ l pudsbkcr/ajrb
pud sbkcr/ajrbtcrjc
tcrjc
Gcl `d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc `xjst` db pcsjojdjkbk k`
cp`rbr tckcs dcs f`lýs, pbrâf`trcs y octcl`s k`
pbltbddb.
Gbfojbr dcs vbdcr`s k` pbrâf`trc

Gbfojbr pbrâf`trc gcl `d oct÷l
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc
2.
2. Ajr` `d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc pbrb fbrgbr dcs
pbrâf`trcs r`qu`rjkcs
r`qu`rjkcs gcl `d fbrgc v`rk`.
?.
?. Uuds` `d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc pbrb `kjtbr `d
pbrâf`trc.
@d pbrâf`trc `stâ fbrgbkc bhcrb gcl ul nclkc
gcdcr`bkc.
7.
7. Ajr` `d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc pbrb gbfojbr `d
vbdcr k`d pbrâf`trc.
;.
;. Uuds` `d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc pbrb bg`ptbr `d
pbrâf`trc.
Wjl
vbdcrgclnjrfbgj÷l, s` r`tcrlb
blt`rjcr k`spuês butcfâtjgbf`lt`
k` trblsgurrjr 2 fjlutc. bd
_`v ?.0.7 7:
Gbpætudc
`qujpc
0
Cp`rbgj÷l gcl db pbltbddb

Cp`rbgj÷l pbltbddb tâgtjd
tâgtjd
Db pbltbddb
f`lýs tâgtjd d` k`
y gbfpcs p`rfjt` cp`rbr
bggj÷l tckcs pudsbgj÷l
f`kjblt` dcs pbrâf`trcs,
k` db
pbltbddb.
Gbfojbr dcs vbdcr`s k` pbrâf`trc gcl db pbltbddb tâgtjd
2.
2. Uuds` db pbltbddb pbrb `kjtbr `d pbrâf`trc
r`qu`rjkc.
@d pbrâf`trc `stâ fbrgbkc bhcrb gcl ul nclkc
gcdcr`bkc.
?.
?. Ajr` `d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc pbrb gbfojbr `d
vbdcr k`d pbrâf`trc.
7.
7. Uuds` `d pbrâf`trc s`d`ggjclbkc `l db pbltbddb
pbrb bg`ptbr `d vbdcr.
Uuds` ul âr`b vbgæb u ctrc pbrâf`trc pbrb lc
bg`ptbr `d vbdcr fckjnjgbkc y gcls`rvbr bsæ `d
vbdcr blt`rjcr.
Wjl gclnjrfbgj÷l, s` r`tcrlb butcfâtjgbf`lt` bd

vbdcr blt`rjcr k`spuês k` trblsgurrjr 2 fjlutc.
;5 _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
`qujpc
0
[`gdbs nulgj
nu lgjclbd`s
clbd`s
yDbs t`gdbs
râpjkc k`dnulgjclbd`s sjrv`lbdpbrb
`qujpc y byukbl `d gcltrcd
usubrjc fâs s`lgjddc
`l `d usc.
^jstb a`l`rbd k` dbs t`gdbs nulg

nulgjcl
jclbd`s
bd`s
Ougd`s
• Borjr db v`ltblb k` ougd`s
• Gcdcgbr `d fbrgc k` s`d`ggj÷l `l
`l db v`ltblb k` ougd`s
• G`rrbr db v`ltblb k` ougd`s
Arânjgcs
• ^jsubdjzbr db v`ltblb k` arânjgcs
`l db v`ltblb k` arânjgcs
^bdcr`s dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb

• Borjr db v`ltblb k` vbdcr`s dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb
• Gcdcgbr `d fbrgc k` s`d`ggj÷l `l db v`ltblb k` vbdcr`s dæfjt`s
k` bdbrfb
• G`rrbr db v`ltblb k` vbdcr`s dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
• Gclfutbr `ltr` bfobs tbodbs lufêrjgbs
• Gcdcgbr `d fbrgc k` s`d`ggj÷l `l db v`ltblb k` fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
• @l db pb
pbltbddb
ltbddb jljgjbd= gbfojb `ltr` dbs
dbs `ltrbkbs
`ltrbkbs k` f`lý
f`lý k` db
db
obrrb k` f`lý.
Gcl/K`sg
• `qujpc
Bgtjvbr `d `qujpc
• jljgjbd
[`rfjlbr db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb, gclfutbr b pbltbddb jljgjbd
• `qujpc
K`sbgtjvbr `d `qujpc
Gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblub

fblubdd
• fblubd
Kjspbrbr gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd
• K`t`l`r gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd bgtjvc
bgtjvc
Ubusb
• Jljgjbr pbusb k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb

_`v ?.0.7 ;2
Gbpætudc
`qujpc
0
Jljgjc
• f`gâljgb
Jljgjbr v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
• f`gâljgb
Gclnjrfbr gbfojc k`d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
• [`rfjlbr pbusb bltjgjpbkbf`lt`
bltjgjpbkbf`lt`
Fckc
`l dcs fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjdbgj ÷l
f`gâljgb
f`gâljgb/pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
f`gâljgb/pbrâf`trcs
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs sjd
s jd`lg
`lgjbk
jbkbs
bs
• Gclfutbr bdbfbs b fukc
• Gclnjrfbr bdbrfbs k` jlncrfbgj÷l
;? _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
>. Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
¡Hjaj`l` jlsunjgj`lt`!
U`djarc
U`djarc k` jln`ggj÷l
 Ur`pbr` `d `qujpc y `d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb blt`s k` su prjf`r usc
usc y
U_@GBPGJ×L k`spuês k` gbkb gbfojc k` pbgj`lt`.
Jlstbdbgjcl`s
[ckcs dcs trbobmcs k` jlstbdbgj÷l, gcl `xg`pgj÷l k` dbs
bgtjvjkbk`s k`sgrjtbs b gcltjlubgj÷l, kò`l `m`gutbrs`
`xgdusjvbf`lt` pcr p`rsclbd têgljgc gubdjnjgbkc pcr
lcsctrcs.
@qujpc s` cp`rb gcl ulb pbltbddb s`pbrbkb
pbltbddb!
¡Fcltbm` `rr÷l`c k` pbltbddb!
! Kbòc k`d `qujpc b gbusb k` sbdpjgbkur bs k` baub

 Db pbltbddb kò` fcltbrs` gcl ulb d`v` jlgdjlbgj÷l
jlgdjlbgj ÷l hbgjb btrâs. Lc kò`
B[@LGJ×L `stbr jlgdjlbkb hbgjb bk`dblt`, sjlc hbddbrs` gcfc fâxjfc `l pcsjgj÷l
v`rtjgbd.
Db pbltbddb y `d `qujpc `stâl gcl`gtbkcs f`kjblt` ul

gbod` k` kbtcs.
W` kò` utjdjzbr `xgdusjvbf`lt`
`xgdusjvbf`lt` `d gbod` sufjljstrbkc.
_`v ?.0.7 ;7
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
Gcl`gtbr b, dbs
`dêgtrjgb,
`dêgtrjg abs)dæl`bs
dæl`bs k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l (gcrrj
(gc rrj`lt`
`lt`
¡Gcl`xj÷l k`d `qujpc sjl gclkugtcr prct`gtcr!

_j`sac
_j`sac k` ul acdp` `dêgtrjgc
 @d `qujpc kò` gcl`gtbrs`
gcl`gtbrs ` s÷dc `l ulb r`k k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj ÷l gcl
BK^@_[@LGJB gclkugtcr prct`gtcr.
2 Ptjdjg` `xgdusjvbf`lt` ul gbod` k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l

k` gcrrj`lt` gcl ul dbrac fâxjfc k` 7 f.
2.
2. Gcl`gt` `d gbod` k` r`k `l `d `qujpc y ul
³`lghun`3 bprcpjbkc.
@d `qujpc pu`k` cp`rbrs` gcl 255 ^BG b ?;5
^BG y s` bkbptb butcfâtjgbf`lt`
butcfâtjgbf`lt` b db t`lsj÷l
? `xjst`lt` sjl l`g`sjtbr ulb gclfutbgj÷l
fblubdf`lt` `m`gutbkb.
0 ?.
?. Gcl`gt` `d s`lscr k` ndumc.
W` kò` bsàurbr ulb pr`sj÷l k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l k`

?,5 b >,0 iUb x 255 (obr).
; 7
Dbs `ltrbkbs `stâl gckjnjgbkbs `l ncrfb
gcrr`spclkj`lt` pbrb jfpcsjojdjtbr ulb gclnusj÷l
`l dbs gcl`xjcl`s.
7.
7. Gcl`gt` `d tuoc k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` bjr`
gcfprjfjkc.
;.
;. Gcl`gt` `d tuoc k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc.
0.
0. @l gbsc k` `stbr kjspcljod`,
kjspcljod`, gcl`gt` `d gbod` k`
ddbfbkb k` `ln`rf`rb.
Gcl`gtbr `d s`lsc
s`lscrr WpC?
2.
2. Gcl`gt` `d gbod` uWpC?ℯ Fbsjfc W@[®
Cxjf`try gcl `d fblaujtc WpC?.
?.
?. Gcl`gt` `d s`lscr WpC?.
Ubrb db gcl`xj÷l k`d s`lscr `l `d gbod` uWpC ?ℯ
Fbsjfc W@[® Cxjf`try y `l `d pbgj`lt`, v`b dbs
jlstruggjcl`s
jlstruggjcl`s k` usc pbrtjgudbr`s k`d s`lscr.
;; _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
Gcdcgbgj÷l k` db f`forblb k` vbdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l

¡Gcdcgbgj÷l `rr÷l`b k` db f`forblb k` vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l!
! Nulgj÷l `rr÷l`b k`d `qujpc

 Uclab bt`lgj÷l `l `d bmust` gcrr`gtc k` db f`forblb=
f`forblb=
B[@LGJ×L K`lcfjlbgj÷l [CU
[CU hbgjb
hbgjb brrjob.
 Gcltrcd` db f`forblb blt`s k` su gcdcgbgj÷l
gcdcgbgj÷l pcr
pcr su nulgj÷l
nulgj÷l gcrr`gtb.
gcrr`gtb.
2.
2. Bsàýr`s` k` qu` `xjstb ulb pdbqujtb k` f`tbd
(?) `l `d f`kjc k` db f`forblb k` vâdvudb k`
`spjrbgj÷l (2).
?
2
?.
?. Gcdcqu` db f`forblb (2) `l `d scpcrt` k`
f`forblb (?).
2
Db pbrt` sup`rjcr k` db f`forblb `stâ fbrgbkb
gcl "[CU".
7.
7. Bpdjqu` gcl ul k`kc pr`sj÷l `l db rctudbgj÷l
[CU. W` kò` `sgughbr ul scljkc k`
? `lablgh`.
;.
;. Gcdcqu` db vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l (2)
2 lu`vbf`lt` `l `d `qujpc y næm`dc f`kjblt` ul
d`v` ajrc `l `d s`ltjkc k` dbs baumbs k`d r`dcm
(hbstb `d tcp`).
0.
0. _`vjs` db f`forblb pcr su nulgj÷l gcrr`gtb.
↟ [`st k` sjst`fb ‗ [`sts nulgjclbd`s
nulgjclbd`s Uâa. 08
Uâa. 08
_`v ?.0.7 ;0
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
Gcl`gtbr `d sjst`fb
sjs t`fb k` tuo`ræb
¡Bgg`scrjcs lc butcrjzbkcs
_j`sac `dêgtrjgc k`d pbgj`lt`
_j`sac k` pr`sj÷l jlsun jgj`lt`
BK^@_[@LGJB  Ptjdjg` `xgdusjvbf`lt`
`xgdusjvbf`lt` bgg`scrjcs butcrjzbkcs.
butcrjzbkcs.
¡Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb sjl njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs `l `d dbkc k` jlspjrbgj÷l!

Jln`ggj÷l k` pbgj`lt`s
pbgj`lt`s gcls `gutjvcs
Gcltbfjlbgj÷l
Gcltbfjlb gj÷l k`d `qujpc
BK^@_[@LGJB  Ptjdjg` sj`fpr`
sj`fpr` ul njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs `l db gcl`xj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l.
jlspjrbgj÷l.
¡Gcdcgbgj÷l y r`tjrc jlbprcpjbkcs k` dcs tuocs!
! Kbòcs
Kbòcs k` dcs tuoc s
 Dcs tuocs
tuocs kò`l
kò`l sum`tbrs` sj`fpr` `l
`l `d fblaujtc bd gcdcgbrdcs
gcdcgbrdcs y
B[@LGJ×L r`tjrbrdcs, yb qu` pckræbl kbòbrs` `l gbsc gcltrbrjc.
;> _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
Gcl`xj÷l pbrb tckcs dcs f

Gcl`xj÷l fckcs
ckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâ
f`gâljgb
ljgb sjl HN
HNC
C (db
(dbkc
kc
k` `qujpc)
2.
2. Gcl`gt` `d tuoc k` `spjrbgj÷l (2).
?.
?. Gcl`gt` `d tuoc k` f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l (7).
Ubrb lGUBU= Gcl`gt` `d s`t k` bkbptbgj÷l k`
tuoc k` f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l.
7.
7. Gcl`gt` `d tuoc k` jlspjrbgj÷l gcl njdtrc
jlt`rgcl`gtbkc
jlt`rgcl`gtbkc k` obgt`rjbs (;).
_`v ?.0.7 ;1
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
Gcl`xj÷l p brb HN
HNC
C (dbkc k` `qujpc)
HNC sjl njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs

Gcltbfjlbgj÷l
Gcltbfjlb gj÷l k`d `qujpc
U_@GBPGJ×L  Ptjdjg` sj`fpr`
sj`fpr` ul njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs pbrb `d fckc k`
k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb HNC. W` l`g`sjtb ul trbtbfj`ltc pcst`rjcr `l gbsc k` trbobmbr
sjl njdtrc.
W` l`g`sjtb ul trbtbfj`ltc k`d HNC gublkc s` gcltbfjl÷

`d HNC k`spuês k` ulb r`spjrbgj÷l HNC sjl njdtrc k`
obgt`rjbs. @stb lc s` pu`k` r`bdjzbr pcr pbrt` k`d usubrjc.
Kjræm`s` bd s`rvjgjc `lgbrabkc.
2.
2. Gcl`gt` `d njdtrc (>) gcl ulb pj`zb `l [ (8) y `d
gcl`gtcr `l :5µ (0).
?.
?. @lghun` `d gcl`gtcr :5µ (0) `l db bdjf`ltbgj÷l
HNC (?).
7.
7. Gcl`gt` `d tuoc trblspbr`lt` k` sjdjgclb (1) gcl
db vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l (2) y db pj`zb `l [ (8).
;.
;. Gcl`gt` `d tuoc k` `spjrbgj÷l k`d sjst`fb
gclv`lgjclbdd k` tuo`ræb gcl db pj`zb `l [ (8).
gclv`lgjclb
0.
0. Gcl`gt` `d tuoc k` f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l (7).
>.
>. Gcl`gt` `d tuoc k` jlspjrbgj÷l gcl njdtrc
jlt`rgcl`gtbkc
jlt`rgcl`gtbkc k` obgt`rjbs (;).
;8 _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
Gcl`xj÷l
Gcl`xj÷l k` h uf`gtbkcr k`d abs r`spjrbtcrjc
2.
2. Cos`rv` `l `d sjauj`lt` pbsc db kcguf`ltbgj÷l
k`d nborjgblt`=
Ur`pbr` `d huf`gtbkcr k`d abs r`spjrbtcrjc y
gclêgt`dc gcl su sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb.
?.
?. Gublkc `d huf`gtbkcr k` abs r`spjrbtcrjc lc
gu`ltb gcl ulb gbd`nbggj÷l k` tuoc jlspjrbkcr=
Jlstbd` trbfpbs k` baub `l `d tuoc k` jlspjrbgj÷l
y `spjrbgj÷l.
W` hb k` bsàurbr qu` `d s`lscr k` ndumc lc `stê
`xpu`stc b ulb huf`gtbgj÷l `xg`sjvb.
_`v ?.0.7 ;:
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
B cos
c os`rv
`rvbr
br pbrb
p brb lòu
l òudjdjzbgj
zbgj÷l
÷l
Njdtrcs lc jk÷l`cs pbrb db lòudjzbgj÷l pu`k`l costrujrs` `l db rbfb k`
`spjrbgj÷l, prcvcgblkc bsæ ul buf`ltc gclsjk`rbod` k` db r`sjst`lgjb obmb
y costbgudjzblkc db r`spjrbgj÷l. Ucr ctrc dbkc, db cfjsj÷l k` ul njdtrc `l db
lòudjzbgj÷l `l lòudbgjcl`s gcl gclg`ltrbgjcl`s fâs `d`vbkbs k` LbGd
(p. `m. 7%) pu`k`l prcvcgbr
prcvcgbr s`kjf`ltbgjcl`s fbycr`s
fbycr`s k` sbd `l `d sjst`fb
k` tuo`ræb.
 K`sfclt` `d s`lscr k` ndumc blt`s k` db lòudjzbgj÷l.
lòudjzbgj÷ l.
 Ptjdjg` `xgdusjvbf`lt`
`xgdusjvbf`lt` `d njdtrc UBDD OO05
OO05 jk÷l
jk÷l`c
`c pbrb db lòudjzbgj÷l,
lòudjzbgj÷l,
`l `d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb k` r`spjrbgj÷l k`d pbgj`lt`. _`vjs` `d njdtrc
p`rj÷kjgbf`lt` pcr ulb `v`ltubd r`sjst`lgjb fbycr y odcqu`cs.
 Ubrb `vjtbr qu`
qu` db vâdvudb
vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l s` costruyb b gbusb k`
k` nârfbgcs
lòudjzbkcs,
lòudjzbkc s, kò`l usbrs` `xgdusjvbf`lt` bqu`ddcs nârfbgcs
butcrjzbkcs pbrb db lòudjzbgj÷l.
lòudjzbgj÷l.
 Db vâdvudb
vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l kò` gcltrcdbrs`
gcltrcdbrs` y djfpjbrs` p`rj÷kjgbf`lt`.
p`rj÷kjgbf`lt`.

gbusb
Cos`rv`
k`dqu`
qu` dbbaràbkc
abs pr`gjsj÷lpcr
k`d
k`d`dr`spjrbkcr
r`spjrbkc r s` pu`k`
lòudjzbkcr.pu`k` v`r p`rmukjgbkb b
Ptjdjzbgj÷l
Ptjdj zbgj÷l k` g âfbrbs
âfbrbs k` baub `l HNC
@l `d gbsc k` arblk`s gâfbrbs k` baub, `d vcduf`l gcfpr`sjod` `s fuy
arblk`, dc gubd p`rmukjgb `d r`lkjfj`ltc k`d HNC.
 @l gbsc k` bfpdjtuk`s
bfpdjtuk`s fuy arblk`s (fâs k` 85 fobr) kò` utjdjzbrs`
utjdjzbrs `
ulb gâfbrb k` baub pbrb ljòcs pbrb bprcv`ghbr `d r`lkjfj`ltc
gcfpd`tc k`d HNC.
05 _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
Gcl`xj÷l `l d bkc k` pbgj`

Gcl`xj÷l pbgj`lt`
lt` (pbrb tckcs dcs f
fckcs
ckcs k ` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb sj l GUBU y lJUU
lJUU^)
^)
2.
2. Gcl`gt` dc sjauj`lt` gcl db pj`zb `l Z (0)=
 [uoc k` pr`sj÷l (2)
 [uocs k` jlspjrbgj÷l/`spjrbgj÷l
jlspjrbgj÷l/`spjrbgj÷l (?)
 W`lscr k` ndumc (;)
?.
?. Gcl`gt` `d gbod` k` s`lscr k` ndumc (7) `l `d
s`lscr k` ndumc (;).
7.
7. Gcl`gt` `d pudf÷l k` pruòb `l `d s`lscr k`
ndumc.
Gcl`xj÷l `l dbkc k ` pbgj`lt` (pbrb lGUBU y lJUU^

lJUU^))
2.
2. Gcl`gt` dc sjauj`lt` gcl `d a`l`rbkcr lGUBU
(>)=
 W`t k` bkbptbgj÷l k` tuoc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjdbgj ÷l
f`gâljgb (7)
 W`t k` bkbptbgj÷l k` tuoc k` f`kjgj÷l k`
pr`sj÷l (;)
?.
?. Gcl`gt` dc sjauj`lt` gcl db pj`zb `l Z (0)=
 [uocs k` jlspjrbgj÷l/`spjrbgj÷l
jlspjrbgj÷l/`spjrbgj÷l (2)
 W`lscr k` ndumc (?) gcl s`t k` bkbptbgj÷l
bkbptbgj÷l k`
tuoc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb (7)
C OJ@L
s÷dc s`t k` bkbptbgj÷l k` tuoc k` r`spjrbgj÷l
r `spjrbgj÷l
brtjnjgjbd (7)
7.
7. Gj`rr` db gcl`xj÷l gclv`lgjclbd k`d tuoc k`
f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l `l db pj`zb `l Z gcl `d tbp÷l
sufjljstrbkc.
_`v ?.0.7 02
Gbpætudc
s`rvjgjc
Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
>
Bgtj vbgj÷l
Bgtjvbgj÷l
Bgtjtjvbr
Bg vbr `d `q
`quu jp
jpcc
K`spuês k` hbo`r t`rfjlbkc tckbs dbs pr`pbrbgjcl`s
pbrb db cp`rbgj÷l, pu`k` bgtjvbrs` `d r`spjrbkcr.
Bdbrfbs `l `d jljgjc k` sjst`fb= ¡Nulgjcl`s `rr÷l`bs k`d `qujpc!

Fu`rt` c kbòcs p`rfbl`lt`s k`d pbgj`lt`
 Bsàýr`s` qu` lc s` hbyb kjspbrbkc bdbrfbs kurblt` `d brrblqu`.
BK^@_[@LGJB
2.
2. Bgtjv` `d `qujpc gcl db t`gdb Gcl/K`sg
Gcl/K`sg..
@l `d brrblqu` k`d `qujpc s` vjsubdjzb ulb
pbltbddb jljgjbd, fj`ltrbs s` r`bdjzb ul gh`qu`c
prcpjc k`d `qujpc.
?.
?. Gcltrcd` `d `stbkc.
@l gbsc qu` s` jlkjqu` ul vbdcr kjn`r`lt` b
Butct`st CI , lc s` p`rfjt` sàujr utjdjzblkc
utjdjzblkc
`d `qujpc. @l `st` gbsc kò` kjrjajrs` bd
p`rsclbd têgljgc gubdjnjgbkc pcr lcsctrcs.
@d `qujpc r`bdjzb ul t`st k` sjst`fb k`spuês k`
hbo`r t`rfjlbkc `xjtcsbf`lt` ul butcgh`qu`c.
@l gbsc k` `rrcr`s s` vjsubdjzb db pbltbddb k`d
t`st k` sjst`fb qu` jlkjgb dcs r`sudtbkcs y
f`kjkbs buxjdjbr`s pbrb db `djfjlbgj÷l k`d `rrcr.
↟ [`st k` sjst`fb Uâa. 08
Uâa. 08
¡@l db cp`rbgj÷l b dbrac pdbzc, `d `stbkc gcrr`gtc k`d `qujpc s` r`vjsb gcl
nr`gu`lgjb jlsunjgj`lt`!
@fp`crbfj`ltc k` sbduk k`d pbgj`lt`
U_@GBPGJ×L  Bpbau` y `lgj`lkb `d `qujpc k`spuês k` gbkb gbfojc k` pbgj`lt` y
trbtbfj`ltc pbrb r`bdjzbr ul butct`st k`d `qujpc.
0? _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
Ur`pbrbr db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
1
1. Ur`pbrbr db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
Gbdjorbgjcl`s
Db gbdjorbgj÷l k`d s`lscr C? y db gbdjorbgj÷l k`d

s`lscr k` ndumc pu`k`l r`bdjzbrs` tbfojêl fj`ltrbs
s` r`bdjg` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
Gbdjorbr
Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc
¡Nulgj÷l `rr÷l`b k`d s`lscr!

U`djarc
U`djarc k` sufj ljstrc jlsunj gj`lt` c `xg`sjvc
`xg`sjvc k ` cxæa`lc
cxæa`lc
 Gbdjor` p`rj÷kjgbf`lt`
p`rj÷kjgbf`lt` `d s`lscr k` ndumc=
BK^@_[@LGJB
 k`spuês k` gbkb bgtjvbgj÷l
bgtjvbgj ÷l
 k`spuês k` gbkb gbfojc k` s`lscr
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `d f`lý Gbdjorbgj÷l
Gbdjorbgj÷l `l
`l db pbltbddb
jljgjbd.
?.
?. Uuds` `l db v`ltblb Gb
Gbdjorbgj÷l
djorbgj÷l s`lscr k`
ndumc `d
ndumc `d oct÷l Gbdjorbr .
7.
7. Bsàýr`s` qu` lc hbyb ljlaýl ndumc.
Uuds` Wjauj`lt`
Wjauj`lt`..
_`v ?.0.7 07
Gbpætudc
1
;.
;. W` jlkjgb ulb v`ltblb k` `stbkc.
@sp`r` hbstb qu` s` jlkjqu` `d `stbkc H`ghc
H`ghc..
0.
0. Uuds` G`rrbr pbrb
pbrb t`rfjlbr db gbdjorbgj÷l.
F`kjblt` db pudsbgj÷l k` Gblg`dbr s`

s` jlt`rrufp` `d
prcg`sc y dcs kbtcs k` gbdjorbgj÷l s` fbltj`l`l
jlbdt`rbkcs.
Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l

Gbdjorbr
f`gâljgb
¡K`t`l`r db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb kurblt` db gbdjorbgj÷l k`d s`lscr k` ndumc!

U`djarc k` kbòcs pudfclbr`s
 Ptjdjg` ul sjst`fb k`
k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb bdt`rlbtjvc
bdt`rlbtjvc (p.
(p. `m. nu`dd`
nu`dd` k`
BK^@_[@LGJB r`spjrbgj÷l fblubd) kurblt` db gbdjorbgj÷l kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb `l `m`gugj÷l.
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `d f`lý Bm
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
pbltbddb k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db p`stbòb Gb
Gbdjorbgj÷l
djorbgj÷l k`d n dumc.
dumc .
7.
7. Uuds` `d oct÷l Gbdjorbr .
Db bdbrfb bgýstjgb `stâ `l fukc.
;.
;. K`sgcl`gt` `d s`lscr k` ndumc k`d sjst`fb k`
tuo`ræb.
0.
0. Bsàýr`s` qu` lc hbyb ljlaýl ndumc.
Uuds` Wjauj`lt`
Wjauj`lt`..
0; _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
1
>.
>. W` jlkjgb ulb v`ltblb k` `stbkc.
H`ghc..
K`spuês k` db t`rfjlbgj÷l k` db gbdjorbgj÷l s`
`sgughb ul scljkc k` bkv`rt`lgjb y s` r`jljgjb
db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
Uuds` G`rrbr pbrb
@d sjst`fb r`tcrlb bd fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l
r `spjrbgj÷l
bgtjvbkc blt`s k` db gbdjorbgj÷l.
s` jlt`rrufp` `d
jlbdt`rbkcs.
@d s`lscr k` ndumc pu`k` gbfojbrs` sjl l`g`sjkbk k`

k`sbgtjvbr `d `qujpc.
↟ _``fpdbzbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc Uâa. 2>2
Uâa. 2>2
Gbdjorbgj÷l
Gbdjorbgj÷l k`d s`lscr C?
¡Nulgj÷l `rr÷l`b k` dcs s`lscr`s!

U`djarc
cxæa`lc
 Gbdjor` p`rj÷kjgbf`lt`
p`rj÷kjgbf`lt` dcs s`lscr`s C?=
BK^@_[@LGJB
 k`spuês k` gbkb gbfojc k` s`lscr
@d s`lscr k` C? s` gbdjorb butcfâtjgbf`lt` k`spuês

k` gbkb brrblqu` k` `qujpc (k`spuês k` 25
fjlutcs, k`spuês k` 75 fjlutcs, k`spuês k` 2 hcrb
y k`spuês k` > hcrbs) y gbkb ?; hcrbs. Db
gbdjorbgj÷l butcfâtjgb s` r`bdjzb gublkc `d usubrjc
lc hb jljgjbkc ljlaulb bggj÷l kurblt` fâs k` 0
fjlutcs.
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs `l db
cs `l
_`v ?.0.7 00
Gbpætudc
1
?.
Gbdjorbgj÷l
djorbgj÷l C?.
7.
7. Uuds` `d oct÷l Gbdjorbr .
;.
;. Plb v`ltblb k` `stbkc jlkjgb `d bvblg` k` db
gbdjorbgj÷l.
H`ghc..
0.
0. Uuds` G`rrbr pbrb

s` jlt`rrufp` `d
jlbdt`rbkcs.
W`lscr C? k`n`gtucsc
@l gbsc k` ul k`n`gtc k`d s`lscr pu`k` k`sbgtjvbrs` `d

s`lscr C? `l db v`ltblb vjsubdjzbkb.
2.
2. Bggjcl` Lc pbrb
Lc pbrb bpbabr `d s`lscr k` C?.
@l db jlkjgbgj÷l k`d vbdcr k` f`kjgj÷l s` jlkjgb
duàc `d vbdcr “-— `l C ?.
?. _``fpdbg` `d s`lscr k` C?.

?.
↟ _``fpdbzbr `d s`lscr k` C ? Uâa. 2>?
Uâa. 2>?
Bggjcl` Wæ
Wæ gublkc
gublkc k`s`b sàujr vjsubdjzblkc db
f`kjgj÷l k` C?. Lc costblt` `s pcsjod` qu` dcs
vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l lc `stêl gcrr`gtcs.
0> _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
1
Gh`qu`c k` `qujp
Gh`qu`c `qujpcs
cs
¡Nulgjcl`s `rr÷l`bs k`d `qujpc!

Fu`rt` c kbòcs p`rfbl`lt`s k`d pbgj`lt`
 Blt`s k` gbkb usc k`d r`spjrbkcr
r`spjrbkcr kò` r`bdjzbrs` ul gcltrcd k`d `qujpc.
BK^@_[@LGJB
@m`gut` dbs sjauj`lt`s

s jauj`lt`s f`kjkbs=
 Gcltrcd k` dbs gcl`xjcl`s y k`d brrblqu` gcrr`gtc k`d

`qujpc scor` db obs` k` db djstb k` gcltrcd k`d `qujpc.
 Gcltrcd k`d `stbkc k` `qujpc gcl ul t`st k` sjst`fb
y t`sts nulgjclbd`s
 Gcltrcd blt`s k` db pu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
Fbycr jlncrfbgj÷l scor` `d gh`qu`c k` `qujpc s`

`lgu`ltrb `l dbs jlstruggjcl`s bor`vjbkbs k`d
`qujpc.
Djstb k` gh`qu`c k`d `qujpc

Bprc
Bp rcobk
obkcc
Uruòb K`sgrjpgj÷l
Wæ Lc
@stbkc k` sjst`fb @s t b k c 6 Bu t c t ` s t CI3

↟ Bgtjvbgj÷l Uâa. 0?
Uâa. 0?
Bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs [uocs k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` bjr` gcfprjfjkc y cxæa`lc njmbf`lt`
btcrljddbkcs.
Wjst`fb r`spjrbtcrjc ^âdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l njmbf`lt` bs`ltbkb
[uocs k` r`spjrbgj÷l gcfpd`tcs
[rbfpbs k` baub `l pultc fâs obmc `l pcsjgj÷l v`rtjgbd
W`lscr k` ndumc gcrr`gtbf`lt` gcl`gtbkc
Uudf÷l k` pruòb gcl`gtbkc
Nulgj÷l k`d s`lscr Gbdjorbgj÷l k`d s`lscr k` C? (butcfâtjgc)
Gbdjorbgj÷l k`d s`lscr k` ndumc

_`v ?.0.7 01
Gbpætudc
1
[`st
[`st k` sjst`fb
sjs t`fb ‗ @stbkc k`d `qujpc
`qujp c
Kurblt` `d s`rvjgjc k`d `qujpc s` `m`gutb p`rj÷kjgbf`lt`
`l sàulkc pdblc ul t`st k` `stbkc qu` gcltrcdb dbs
gcl`xjcl`s y dcs s`lscr`s. Dcs r`sudtbkcs bgtubd`s, p. `m.
k`spuês k` f`lsbm`s k` bdbrfb, pu`k`l vjsubdjzbrs` `l
db pbltbddb k`d t`st k` sjst`fb.
@l gbsc k` ul nbddc k`d t`st k` `stbkc kurblt` `d

brrblqu` k`d `qujpc s` vjsubdjzb butcfâtjgbf`lt` `d
t`st k` sjst`fb. W` odcqu`b `d bgg`sc b db obrrb k`
f`lý k` db pbltbddb jljgjbd. Wjl `djfjlbgj÷l pr`vjb k`d
`rrcr scdbf`lt` pu`k` djo`rbrt` db obrrb k` f`lý b
trbvês k`d oct÷l Lc costblt`, sàujr jaubd.
jaubd .
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `d f`lý [`st k` sjst`fb `l
sjst`fb `l db
pbltbddb jljgjbd.
?.
?. Gcltrcd` dbs dug`s jlkjgbkcrbs k` `stbkc
uojgbkbs `l db pbrt` jzquj`rkb k` db pbltbddb.
 ^`rk`= @stbkc gcrr`gtc
 Bfbrjddc= @stbkc lc gcrr`gtc. ^`rjnjgbr db
gbusb y prcsàujr gcl `djfjlbgj÷l `l gbsc
l`g`sbrjc.
 _cmc= @stbkc lc gcrr`gtc. @djfjlbr `d `rrcr
blt`s k` sàujr trbobmblkc.
7.
7. Jlv`stjau` y `djfjl` dcs `rrcr`s a`l`rbkcs
tcfblkc `l gclsjk`rbgj÷l dcs t`xtcs k` byukb
vjsubdjzbkcs `l db pbrt` jln`rjcr k` db pbltbddb,
bsæ gcfc db djstb k` gcltrcd k`d `qujpc.
[`st
[`st k` sjst`fb
sjs t`fb ‗ [`sts
[`sts nulg
n ulgjcl
jclbd`s
bd`s
Dcs t`sts nulgjclbd`s s` brrblgbl fblubdf`lt`.
Gcltj`l`l ul t`st nulgjclbd k` db vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l y
ul t`st k` nuab k` dbs gcl`xjcl`s tuoudbr`s.
tuoudbr`s.
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `d f`lý [`st k` sjst`fb `l
sjst`fb `l db
pbltbddb jljgjbd.
?.
?. Gcl`gt` ulpruòb.
pudf÷l k` sjst`fb gcfpd`tc k` tuo`ræb gcl
08 _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
1
7.
7. Uuds` `d oct÷l Jljgjc
Jljgjc..
;.
;. Gclnjrf` db gclsudtb k` sàurjkbk qu` tckcs dcs
gcfpcl`lt`s `stêl gcrr`gtbf`lt` gcl`gtbkcs.
W` jljgjb `d t`st nulgjclbd (vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l),
sàujkc pcr `d t`st k` nuab. Dbs dug`s k` `stbkc
uojgbkbs `l db pbrt` k`r`ghb k` db pbltbddb
jlkjgbl dcs r`sudtbkcs.
0.
0. Jlv`stjau` y `djfjl` dcs `rrcr`s a`l`rbkcs
tcfblkc `l gclsjk`rbgj÷l dcs t`xtcs k` byukb
vjsubdjzbkcs `l db pbrt` jln`rjcr k` db pbltbddb.
Db duz orjddb `l v`rk` `l gbsc k` hbo`rs`
bprcobkc `d t`st nulgjclbd.
@l gbsc k` t`sts nulgjclbd`s nbddbkcs, db r`spjrbgj÷l
pu`k` jljgjbrs` scdbf`lt` bd gclnjrfbr `d f`lsbm`
"Bt`lgj÷l t`sts k` nulgj÷l".
Gcltrcd k` db bdbrfb pbrb

pbrb costrug
costruggj÷l
gj÷l pbrgjbd
@d `qujpc gu`ltb gcl kcs s`lscr`s k` pr`sj÷l uojgbkcs
`l kcs pcsjgjcl`s kjn`r`lt`s. K` `stb fbl`rb s` p`rfjt`
db k`t`ggj÷l k` ulb costruggj÷l k` db rbfb `spjrbtcrjb.
2.
2. K`sgcl`gt` `d tuoc k` `spjrbgj÷l.
?.
?. W` kò` vjsubdjzbr `d f`lsbm` k` `rrcr "Ur`sj÷l
`xg`sjvb `l tuoc `spjrbgj÷l".
Gcltrcd blt`s k` db pu`stb `l

`l s`rvjgjc
s`rvjgj c
Gcltrcd blt`s k` db pu`stb `l s`rvjgjc Uâa. 218
Uâa. 218
_`v ?.0.7 0:
Gbpætudc
1
Bmus t`s pr`vjcs

Bmust`s
Bmus
Bm ust`
t` k`d
k `d ttjj `fp
`fpcc k`
k ` ndu
nd u mc C?
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs `l db
cs `l
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db p`stbòb C? Ndush
Ndush..
7.
7. W`d`ggjcl` `d gbfpc k` pbrâf`trcs [j`fpc k`
C? Ndush
Ndush..
;.
;. W`d`ggjcl` `d tj`fpc k` ndumc r`qu`rjkc.
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr db ggcl
clg`l
g`ltr
trbgj
bgj÷l
÷l k ` ndndum
umcc C ?
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db p`stbòb C? Ndush
Ndush..
7.
7. W`d`ggjcl` `d gbfpc k` pbrâf`trcs
Gclg`ltrbgj÷l
Gclg`ltrb Ndush..
gj÷l C? Ndush
Hby kcs bdt`rlbtjvbs k` bmust` gcl dbs gubd`s
pu`k` k`t`rfjlbrs` db gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` ndumc k`
C? (`l pcr gj`ltc)=
vbdcr C? x 2,2 ≫ 255 %
vbdcr C? + fæl. ?% ≫ 255 %
;.
;. Bmust` db gclg`ltrbgj÷l r`qu`rjkb k` ndumc.
>5 _`v ?.7.7
Gbpætudc
1
Bm ustbr
Bmus tbr `d ttj`f
j`fpc
pc fâxjf
fâx jfc
cppbrb
brb `d gjgd
gj gdc
c r`sp
r `spjr
jrbtc
btcrj
rjcc
fblubd
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db p`stbòb Gclnjaurbgj÷l
Gclnjaurbgj÷l..
7.
7. W`d`ggjcl` `d gbfpc k` pbrâf`trcs [j`fpc
fâxjfc v`ltjdbgj÷l fblubd.
fâxjfc fblubd.
;.
;. W`d`ggjcl` `d [j`fpc fâxjfc pbrb `d gjgdc
r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd.
Gublkc s` bmustb ulb pr`sj÷l k`
! jlspjrbgj÷l sup`rjcr b 75 fobr

pbrb db r`spjrbgj÷l, `d gjgdc
r`spjrbtcrjc
0 sàulkcs.fblubd `stbfojêl
@stc rja` djfjtbkc `l
`l
B[@LGJ×L gbsc k` hbo`rs` s`d`ggjclbkc ul
fbycr tj`fpc fâxjfc k` gjgdc
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr ndndum
umcc jjau
aubd
bd k
k`` jl
jlsp
spjr
jrbgj
bgj÷l
÷l/`sp
/`spjr
jrbgj
bgj ÷l
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
?.
Gclnjaurbgj÷l..
7.
7. W`d`ggjclbr `d gbfpc k` pbrâf`trc Ndumc k`
jlsp./`sp. scl jaubd`s.
jaubd`s .
;.
;. W`d`ggjcl` db nulgj÷l r`qu`rjkb.
@d pbrâf`trc Ndumc k` jlspjrbgj÷l lc
jlspjrbgj÷l lc `stâ
kjspcljod` `l tckcs dcs fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb.
_`v ?.0.7 >2
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbr db v`ltjd bgj÷l f`gâljgb
1
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr `d f
fcc lj tc
tcrr jzbg
jzbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` WpC ?
@d gbod` k`d cxæf`trc gcl s`lscr kò` `stbr

gcl`gtbkc gcl `d D`cljUdus.
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db p`stbòb WpC?.
7.
7. W`d`ggjcl` `d gbfpc k` pbrâf`trcs W`lscr
WpC?.
;.
;. Bgtjv` c oj`l k`sbgtjv` db nulgj÷l.
@l gbsc k` bgtjvbr db nulgj÷l, `s pcsjod`
vjsubdjzbr dbs tbsbs k` WpC? y k` pudsc gcfc
gurvbs k` t`lk`lgjb `l `d fcljtcrjzbgj÷
fcljtcrjzbgj÷l.
l.
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr `d o
oug
ugdd ` g`r
g`rrbk
rbkc
c
@d s`lscr k` WpC ? kò` `stbr bgtjvbkc.
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
?.
7.
7. W`d`ggjcl` `d gbfpc k` pbrâf`trcs Ougd`
g`rrbkc..
g`rrbkc
;.
K`spuês k` db bgtjvbgj÷l k` db nulgj÷l s`
vjsubdjzbl dcs gbfpcs k` `ltrbkb pbrb `d rblac
k` ràudbgj÷l k`d ougd` g`rrbkc.
0.
0. Bmust` ul dæfjt` jln`rjcr y sup`rjcr pbrb `d rblac
com`tjvc k` WpC? (rblac fâxjfc= 85,5 ‗ ::,:%).
Kurblt` db r`spjrbgj÷l s` r`bdjzb ulb ràudbgj÷l
`l `d rblac com`tjvc k` db sbturbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc
f`kjblt` db bkbptbgj÷l butcfâtjgb k`d pbrâf`trc
C?.
>? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbrr db v`ltjdbgj÷l
Ur`pbrb v`ltjd bgj÷l f`gâljgb
1
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr db dduf
ufjl
jlc
c sjkbk
sj kbk k` pblt
p bltbdd
bddbb
2.
2. pbltbddb f`lý Bmus
W`d`ggjcl` `d f`lý Bm ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
cs `l
`l db
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db p`stbòb Gclnjaurbgj÷l k`
pbltbddb..
pbltbddb
7.
7. W`d`ggjcl` Orjddc
Orjddc..
;.
;. W`d`ggjcl` db dufjlcsjkbk r`qu`rjkb.
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr fc
fckc
kc k` lc
l c gh`
gh `
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db p`stbòb Gclnjaurbgj÷l k`
pbltbddb..
pbltbddb
7.
7. W`d`ggjcl` Fckc lcgturlc.
lcgturlc .
;.
0.
0. Gcl db nulgj÷l bgtjvbkb= W`d`ggjcl` `d vbdcr
r`qu`rjkc pbrb db Fckc lcgturlc orjddc.
orjddc .
Gublkc `d fckc k` lcgh` `stâ bgtjvbkc, s`
bt`lýb db jdufjlbgj÷l k` db pbltbddb k`spuês k` 2
fjlutc sjl `ltrbkb k`d usubrjc. @l gbsc k`
bdbrfbs c ul fblkc k`d `qujpc, db pbltbddb vu`dv`
b db dufjlcsjkbk lcrfbd.
_`v ?.0.7 >7
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbr db v`ltjd bgj÷l f`gâljgb
1
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr vc
vcdu
duf`l
f`l k` bdbrf
bd brfb
b
¡Gcl ul vbdcr k` vcduf`l bmustbkc k`fbsjbkc obmc sura` `d rj`sac k` lc

`sgughbr db bdbrfb bgýstjgb `l gbsc k` ul `ltcrlc rujkcsc!
Gclkjgj÷l k` bdbrfb lc s` k`t`gtb
U_@GBPGJ×L  Cos`rv` `d ljv`d
ljv`d k` rujkc
rujkc k`d `ltcrlc bd bmustbr `d vcduf`l k`
k` bdbrfb.
2.
2. @d D`cljUdus gu`ltb gcl ul vcduf`l bmustbod` k`
bdbrfb.
?.
?. @st` bmust` s` r`bdjzb `l `d f`lý k` s`rvjgjc y
kò` dd`vbrs` b gboc `xgdusjvbf`lt`
`xgdusjvbf`lt` pcr p`rsclbd
têgljgc butcrjzbkc.
butcrjzbkc.
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr tjtjpc
pc k` tuo
t uoc
c
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
?.
Gclnjaurbgj÷l..
7.
7. W`d`ggjcl` Wjst`fb k` tuocs.
tuocs .
@d tjpc k` tuoc pu`k` bmustbrs` scdbf`lt` gublkc
lc s` hb jljgjbkc db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
;.
;. W`d`ggjcl` tjpc k` tuoudbkurb.
 K`s`ghbod`=
K`s`ghbod`=
Ubrb tuocs k`s`ghbod`s
Db bfpdjtuk fâxjfb k` HN `s k` 85 fobr.
 Wjdjgclb=
Wjdjgclb=
Ubrb tuocs k` usc r`p`tjkc y huf`gtbkcr`s
huf`gtbkcr`s
k` gubdquj`r fbrgb. Db bfpdjtuk fâxjfb k`
HN `s k` 255 fobr.
 Wjdjgclb Arôlkd`r=
Arôlkd`r=
Ubrb tuocs k` usc r`p`tjkc y huf`gtbkcr`s
huf`gtbkcr`s
k` gubdquj`r fbrgb. Db bfpdjtuk fâxjfb k`
HN `s k` 255 fobr.
>; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbrr db v`ltjdbgj÷l
Ur`pbrb v`ltjd bgj÷l f`gâljgb
1
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr tjtjpc
pc k ` kjsp
kj spbrc
brc
2.
2. @d D`cljUdus gu`ltb gcl kcs tjpcs kjn`r`lt`s k`
kjspbrc.
 Kjspbrc k` vcduf`l
 Kjspbrc k` ndumc
?.
?. @d bmust` s` r`bdjzb `l `d f`lý k` s`rvjgjc y kò`
dd`vbrs` b gboc `xgdusjvbf`lt` pcr p`rsclbd
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr `d ggcl
cltr
trc
c d k`
k ` ndndum
umcc /nd
/ndum
umc
c butc
bu tcfât
fâtjg
jgc
c
2.
2. @d D`cljUdus gu`ltb gcl kcs fckcs kjn`r`lt`s k`
gcltrcd k` ndumc `l dcs fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb lGUBU
lGUBU y y lJUU^
lJUU^==
 Ndumc butcfâtjgc GCL=
GCL= `d ndumc `s gcltrcdbkc
butcfâtjgbf`lt` pcr `d `qujpc.
 Ndumc butcfâtjgc K@WG=
K@WG= `d ndumc pu`k`
bmustbrs` fblubdf`lt`.
?.
?. @st` bmust` s` r`bdjzb `l `d f`lý k` s`rvjgjc y
kò` dd`vbrs` b gboc `xgdusjvbf`lt` pcr p`rsclbd
_`v ?.0.7 >0
Gbpætudc
k` r`spjrbgj÷l, pbrâf`trcs y vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
8. Fckcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l, pbrâf`trcs y vbdcr`s k`

f`kjgj÷l
Dcs fckcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l
JUU^/JF^
@l `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb JUU^/JF^ s`
gclfutb bd fckc JUU^ c JF^, `l nulgj÷l k` dcs bmust`s
bpdjgbkcs. Gublkc s` cotj`l` ul tj`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l
sup`rjcr b 2,0 sàulkcs kòjkc bd tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l
bmustbkc y db nr`gu`lgjb k`d tj`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l, `d
`qujpc s` `lgu`ltrb `l `d fckc JF^, `l gbsc gcltrbrjc
gclfutb bd fckc JUU^.
B gcltjlubgj÷l s` k`sgrjo`l dcs kcs fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l

f`gâljgb.
JUU^
 [j`fpc
jlspjrbgj÷l bmustbkc @l `d fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l JUU^ ( Jlt`rfjtt`lk Ucsjtjv`
Ur`ssur` ^`ltjdbtjcl) s` r`bdjzb db r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd
 [j`fpc
[j`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l bmustbkc (4 2,0
2,0 s) sàýl `d pbtrcl bmustbkc y pr`k`njljkc `l `d `qujpc,
sjl gclsjk`rbgj÷l k` ulb `v`ltubd r`spjrbgj÷l
 Gjgdc r`spjrbt
r`spjrbtcrjc
crjc f`gâljgc
`spcltâl`b k`d pbgj`lt`. @l `stc s` a`l`rb ulb
scor`pr`sj÷l `l db `tbpb k` jlspjrbgj÷l kclk` db
`spjrbgj÷l s` r`bdjzb pbsjvbf`lt`
pbsjvbf`lt`..
>> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l, pbrâf`trcs
pbrâf`trcs y vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l
8
JF^
 [j`fpc
jlspjrbgj÷l bmustbkc @l `d fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l JF^ ( Jlt`rfjtt`lk
Fblkbtcry ^`ltjdbtjcl), `d pbgj`lt` tj`l` db
 [j`fpc
[j`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l bmustbkc (≠ 2,0 s) gcl pcsjojdjkbk k` r`spjrbr `spcltâl`bf`lt`
`spcltâl`bf`lt` `ltr` dcs
tj`fpc pbrb r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b kjn`r`lt`s gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs brtjnjgjbd`s.

Gjgdc r`spjrbt
r`spjrbtcrjc
crjc f`
f`gâljgc
gâljgc Ubrb `ddc kò`t`bmustbrs` `d tj`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l
(`v`ltubdf`lt`
(`v`ltubdf`l b trbvês k` db nr`gu`lgjb) k` tbd
fbl`rb qu` s` cotj`l` ul tj`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l k`
2,0 sàulkcs.
@d fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l JF^ `s ul gbsc

pbrtjgudbr k`d fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l JUU^.
_`v ?.0.7 >1
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
W-JUU^
 Jlspjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b @l `d fckc WJUU^ ( (W

Wylghrcljz`k Jlt`rfjtt`lk
Ucsjtjv` Ur`ssur` ^`ltjdbtjcl) bgtjvb gbkb gjgdc
 Jlt`rvbdc
Jlt`rvbdc gcl v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb r`spjrbtcrjc `spcltâl`b k`d pbgj`lt` ul gjgdc
kjspbrbkb, tj`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l t`rfjlbkc r`spjrbtcrjc f`gâljgc k`d r`spjrbkcr gcl dcs
pcr jlspjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b  pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb bmustbkcs pbrb `d
tj`fpc y db pr`sj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l.
 Jlt`rvbdc
Jlt`rvbdc gcl v`ltjdbgj÷l
kjspbrbkb, tj`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l t`rfjlbkc @d lýf`rc k` dcs gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs bpcybkcs
bpcybkcs pcr
pcr jlt`rvbdc k` tj`fpc bmustbkc fjlutc pcr `d r`spjrbkcr s` ràudb `spcltâl`bf`lt`
pcr `d pbgj`lt` y su r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b.
`spcltâl`b. @l `stc,
 Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
r`spjrbtcrjc gcltrcdbkc,
gcltrcdbkc,
`d tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l gcrr`spclk`
gcrr`spclk` bd tj`fpc
kjspbrbkc pcr scor`pbsc k` tj`fpc k`d
bmustbkc `l `d r`spjrbkcr. @d tj`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l `s
jlt`rvbdc 
vbrjbod` sàýl db nr`gu`lgjb k` db r`spjrbgj÷l prcpjb.
 Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
r`spjrbtcrjc gcltrcdbkc,
gcltrcdbkc,
@l gbsc qu` `d pbgj`lt` yb lc r`spjrb `l ncrfb
kjspbrbkc pcr scor`pbsc k` tj`fpc k`d
but÷lcfb, `d lýf`rc fæljfc k` dcs gjgdcs
jlt`rvbdc , tj`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l t`rfjlbkc
r`spjrbtcrjcs gcltrcdbkcs `s jkêltjgc gcl dcs vbdcr`s
pcr jlspjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b 
bmustbkcs `l `d r`spjrbkcr pbrb db nr`gu`lgjb.
>8 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
W-JF^

Jlspjrbgj÷l
Jlspjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`
`spcltâl`b b @lblkbtcry
F `d fckc^WJF^ (Wylghrcljz`k
`ltjdbtjcl Jlt`rfjtt`lk
), `d pbgj`lt` pu`k` r`spjrbr
 Jlt`rvbdc
Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgd
gjgdcc r`spjrbt
r`spjrbtcrjc
crjc kjspbrbkc  `spcltâl`bf`lt` `ltr` dcs gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs
`spcltâl`bf`lt`
UWcpcrt` K@WG
K@WG fblkbtcrjcss (bpcybkcs)
fblkbtcrjc (bpcybkcs) k`d r`spjrbkcr.
Bkjgjclbdf`lt`
Bkjgjclbdf`l t` s` sjlgrcljyb `d r`spjrbkcr gcl `d
 Jlt`rvbdc
Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgd
gjgdcc r`spjrbtcrjc kjspbrbkc 
r`spjrbtcrjc
pbtr÷l k` r`spjrbgj÷l k`d pbgj`lt`. @l `stc, dcs
UWcpcrt` K@WG
K@WG
jlt`rvbdcs k` tj`fpc scl k`t`rfjlbkcs
k`t`rfjlbkcs pcr db
 Jlt`rvbdc sjl g
gjgdc
jgdc r`spjrbtcrjc,
r`spjrbtcrjc, `l nulgj÷l k` nr`gu`lgjb bmustbkb `l `d r`spjrbkcr.
rbgjc J=@ UWcpcrt` K@WG
K@WG== Gublkc `d pbgj`lt` r`spjrb
`spcltâl`bf`lt` (), s` r`bdjzb ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
 Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
r`spjrbtcrjc gcl
gcltrcdbkc,
trcdbkc, f`gâljgc y sjlgrcljzbkc pcr jlt`rvbdc k` tj`fpc.
kjspbrbkc pcr bpl`b , bkjgjclbdf`lt` s` [ckcs dcs k`fâs gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs `spcltâl`cs
`spcltâl`cs yb
p`rfjt` ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc kjspbrbkc lc s`râl bpcybkcs f`gâljgbf`lt` y s` r`bdjzbl
 Jlt`rvbdc
Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgd
gjgdc
c r`spjrbtcrjc kjspbrbkc 
r`spjrbtcrjc scor` db obs` k`d ljv`d U@@U bmustbkc (,,).
y ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc `spcltâl`c, `l `d UWcpcrt` GCL
GCL== Gublkc `d pbgj`lt` r`spjrb
ljv`d U Wcpcrt` `spcltâl`bf`lt` (), s` r`bdjzb ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
f`gâljgc y sjlgrcljzbkc pcr jlt`rvbdc k` tj`fpc.
 Jlt`rvbdc
Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgd
r`spjrbtcrjc [ckcs dcs k`fâs gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs `spcltâl`cs
`spcltâl`cs ()
y ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc `spcltâl`c, `l `d `l `st` jlt`rvbdc scl bpczbkcs scor` `d ljv`d
ljv`d k` UWcpcrt`- UWcpcrt` (,). @stcs gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs scl
 Gjgdc r`spjrbt
r`spjrbtcrjc
crjc `spcltâl`
`spcltâl`c,
c, scor` db obs`
bpcybkcs sàýl `d pbtr÷l UW^. Db jlspjrbgj÷l `s
k`d ljv`d UWcpcrt`
jljgjbkc pcr `d `snu`rzc r`spjrbtcrjc k`d pbgj`lt`. Db
`spjrbgj÷l s` r`bdjzb gublkc `d ndumc jlspjrbtcrjc hbyb
obmbkc b ul ?0 % k`d vbdcr fâxjfc.
Gublkc `d pbgj`lt` lc r`spjrb `spcltâl`bf`lt`
(bpl`b) s` kjspbrb ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc gcltrcdbkc
k`spuês k` trblsgurrjr `d jlt`rvbdc gcfpd`tc (). @l
`st` gbsc pbrtjgudbr s` bpcyb f`gâljgbf`lt` tbfojêl
`d prjf`r gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc k`d pbgj`lt` ( ).
@l gbsc qu` `d pbgj`lt` yb lc r`spjrb `l ncrfb
but÷lcfb, `d lýf`rc fæljfc k` dcs gjgdcs
r`spjrbtcrjcs gcltrcdbkcs `s jkêltjgc gcl dcs vbdcr`s
bmustbkcs `l `d r`spjrbkcr pbrb db nr`gu`lgjb.
_`v ?.0.7 >:
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
UW^-WJUU^
 Jlspjrbgj÷l
Jlspjrbgj÷l `spcl
`spcltâl`b
tâl`b @l `d fckc UW^-WJUU^ ( Ur`ssur` Wuppcrt ^`ltjdbtjcl
‗ Wylghrcljz`k Jlt`rfjtt`lk Ucsjtjv` Ur`ssur`

?0
Jlj
Jljgjc
gjc
% k`
k`ddbndumc
`spjrbgj÷l
`spjrbgj÷l f`kjblt`
fâxjfc f`kjblt` r`kuggj÷l bd ^`ltjdbtjcl) s` kjspbrb tbltc ulb jlspjrbgj÷l gcfc ulb
`spjrbgj÷l kurblt` db r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b.
`spcltâl`b. Db
nr`gu`lgjb r`spjrbtcrjb y `d tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l y
 Jlspjrbgj÷l
Jlspjrbgj÷l t`rfjlbkb pcr `spjrbgj÷l
`spjrbgj÷l scl k`t`rfjlbkcs pcr `d pbgj`lt`.
kjspbrbkb
@l ncrfb blâdcab bd W-JUU^ s` bpcybl tckcs dcs
 @spjrbgj÷l t`rfjlbkb pcr jlspjr
jlspjrbgj÷l
bgj÷l
gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs f`gâljgbf`lt` tbfojêl `l
kjspbrbkb
gcfojlbgj÷l gcl UW^.
 Jlspjrbgj÷l
Jlspjrbgj÷l t`rfjlbkb pcr scor`pbsc
scor`pbsc k`
Db jlspjrbgj÷l `s jljgjbkb pcr `d `snu`rzc r`spjrbtcrjc
tj`fpc
() k`d pbgj`lt`. Db `spjrbgj÷l s` r`bdjzb gublkc `d
 @spjrbgj÷l t`rfjlbkb pcr scor`pb
scor`pbsc
sc k` ndumc jlspjrbtcrjc hbyb obmbkc b ul ?0 % k`d vbdcr
tj`fpc fâxjfc ().
 Fcvjfj`ltc
Fcvjfj`ltc r`spjrbtcrjc
r`spjrbtcrjc gcltrcdbkc, Gublkc `d tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`c
kjspbrbkc pcr scor`pbsc k` tj`fpc scor`pbsb `d tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l bmustbkc `l `d
r`spjrbkcr, s` jljgjb gcltrcdbkbf
gcltrcdbkbf`lt`
`lt` db `spjrbgj÷l
().
Gublkc lc s` r`bdjzb ul `snu`rzc r`spjrbtcrjc
`spcltâl`c k`d pbgj`lt` k`spuês k` trblsgurrjr `d
jlt`rvbdc k` tj`fpc bmustbkc b trbvês k` db nr`gu`lgjb,
s` jljgjb gcltrcdbkbf`lt` db jlspjrbgj÷l ( ).
15 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
UW^-WJF^
 Jlspjrbgj÷l
Jlspjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`
`spcltâl`b
b @l `d fckc UW^-WJF^ (Ur`ssur` Wuppcrt ^`ltjdbtjcl
‗ Wylghrcljz`k Jlt`rfjtt`lk Fblkbtcry ^`ltjdbtjcl) s`
 Jlj
Jljgjc
gjc k` db `spjrbgj
`spjrbgj÷l
÷l f`
f`kjblt`
kjblt` r`kuggj÷l bd kjspbrb tbltc ulb jlspjrbgj÷l gcfc ulb `spjrbgj÷l
?0 % k`d ndumc fâxjfc kurblt` db r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b. Db nr`gu`lgjb
r`spjrbtcrjb y `d tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l y `spjrbgj÷l scl
 Jlt`rvbdc
Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgd
r`spjrbtcrjc
k`t`rfjlbkcs
k`t`rfjlbk cs pcr `d pbgj`lt`.
UWcpcrt` K@WG
K@WG
@l ncrfb blâdcab bd W-JF^ s` scpcrtbl scdbf`lt`
 Gjgdc r`spjrbt
r`spjrbtcrjc
crjc `spcltâl`
`spcltâl`c,
c, scor` db obs` k`t`rfjlbkcs
k`t`rfjlbk cs gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs k`ltrc k` db
k`d ljv`d UWcpcrt` nr`gu`lgjb bmustbkb.
 Jlt`rvbdc
Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgd
gjgdcc r`spjrbt crjc kjspbrbkc 
r`spjrbtcrjc Db jlspjrbgj÷l `s jljgjbkc pcr `d `snu`rzc r`spjrbtcrjc
y ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc `spcltâl`c, `l `d k`d pbgj`lt` (). Db `spjrbgj÷l s` r`bdjzb
r `bdjzb gublkc `d
ljv`d k` UWcpcrt` (
(U
UWcpcrt` GCL)
GCL) ndumc jlspjrbtcrjc hbyb obmbkc b ul ?0 % k`d vbdcr
fâxjfc ().
 Jlt`rvbdc sjl g
gjgdc
jgdc r`spjrbtcrjc,
r`spjrbtcrjc, `l nulgj÷l k`
rbgjc J=@ UWcpcrt` K@WG
K@WG== Gublkc `d pbgj`lt` r`spjrb
 Jlt`rvbdc gcl gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
r`spjrbtcrjc gcl
gcltrcdbkc,
trcdbkc, f`gâljgc y sjlgrcljzbkc pcr jlt`rvbdc k` tj`fpc.
 [ckcs dcs k`fâs gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs `spcltâl`cs
`spcltâl`cs yb
kjspbrbkc
p`rfjt` ulpcr bpl`b
gjgdc , bkjgjclbdf`lt`
r`spjrbtcrjc kjspbrbkc s` lc s`râl bpcybkcs f`gâljgbf`lt` y s` r`bdjzbl
scor` db obs` k`d ljv`d U@@U bmustbkc ().
 Jlspjrbgj÷l
Jlspjrbgj÷l t`rfjlbkb pcr scor`pbsc
scor`pbsc k`
tj`fpc UWcpcrt` GCL
GCL== Gublkc `d pbgj`lt` r`spjrb
f`gâljgc y sjlgrcljzbkc pcr jlt`rvbdc k` tj`fpc.
[ckcs dcs k`fâs gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs `spcltâl`cs
`spcltâl`cs ()
`l `st` jlt`rvbdc scl bpczbkcs scor` `d ljv`d UWcpcrt`
().
Gublkc `d pbgj`lt` lc r`spjrb `spcltâl`bf`lt`
(bpl`b) s` kjspbrb ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc gcltrcdbkc
k`spuês k` trblsgurrjr `d jlt`rvbdc gcfpd`tc (). @l
`st` gbsc pbrtjgudbr s` bpcyb f`gâljgbf`lt` tbfojêl
`d prjf`r gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc k`d pbgj`lt` ( ).
Gublkc `d tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`c scor`-
pbsb
rbkcr,`ds`tj`fpc
jljgjb k` jlspjrbgj÷llt`
gcltrcdbkbf`lt`
gcltrcdbkbf` bmustbkc `l `d r`spj-
db `spjrbgj÷l ( ).
_`v ?.0.7 12
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
GUBU ‗ _`spjrbgj÷l
GUBU _`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b
`spcltâl`b gcl pr`sj÷l pcsjtjvb
pcsjtj vb
k` væb r`spjrbtcrj
r`spjr btcrjb
b
 Ur`sj÷l pcsjtjvb
pcsjtjvb (GUB
(GUBU)
U) @l `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb GUBU
(Gcltjlucus Ucsjtjv`
csjtjv` B jrwby Ur`ssur`) r`spjrb `d
Bjrwby
 Jlt`rvbdc sjl gjgdc r`
r`spjrbtcrjc
spjrbtcrjc (bpl`b)
(bpl`b) pbgj`lt` `spcltâl`bf`lt`.
 Gjgdc r`spjrbt
r`spjrbtcrjc
crjc f`gâljgc (kjspbrbkc pcr [bltc `l db jlspjrbgj÷l gcfc `l db `spjrbgj÷l s`
bpl`b , `l gbsc k` bgtjvbgj÷l k` a`l`rb scdbf`lt` ulb pr`sj÷l pcsjtjvb (sjfjdbr bd
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb obgiup) U@@U), kclk` s` r`kug` lctbod`f`lt`
lctbod`f`lt` `d trbobmc
r`spjrbtcrjc k`d pbgj`lt`.
@l gbsc qu` `d pbgj`lt` yb lc r`spjr`
`spcltâl`bf`lt`,
`spcltâl`b f`lt`, `d r`spjrbkcr
r `spjrbkcr jljgjb ulb r`spjrbgj÷l
r `spjrbgj÷l
brtjnjgjbd obgiup pbrb db `stjfudbgj÷l k` db r`spjrbgj÷l
prcpjb gcl dcs pbrâf`trcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l bmustbkcs,
`l gbsc k` hbo`rs` bgtjvbkc db cpgj÷l "Obgiup".
1? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
lGUBU
lGU
k` BUr`spjrbtcrjb
væb ‗ _`spjrbgj÷l
_`spjrbgj÷l
sjl `spcltâl`b
`spcltâl`
jl tuobgj÷lb gcl pr`sj÷l pcsjtjvb
jltuobgj÷l pcsjt jvb

Ur`sj÷l pcsjtjvb
pcsjtjvb (GUB
(GUBU)U) @lcltjlucus
G `d fckc Uk`csjtjv`
v`ltjdbgj÷l
csjtjv` B jrwbyf`gâljgb
Bjrwby Ur`ssur`lGUBU (l`dbsbd
) r`spjrb(l
 Jlt`rvbdc sjl gjgdc r`
r`spjrbtcrjc
spjrbtcrjc (bpl`b)
(bpl`b) pbgj`lt` k` fbl`rb `spcltâl`b. [bltc `l db
jlspjrbgj÷l gcfc `l db `spjrbgj÷l s` a`l`rb ulb
 Gjgdc r`spjrbt
r`spjrbtcrjc
crjc fb
fblubd
lubd (kjspbrbkc pcr
pr`sj÷l pcsjtjvb, sjfjdbr bd U@@U, kclk` s` r`kug`
usubrjc, gcl pr`sj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l
lctbod`f`lt`
lctbod`f` lt` `d trbobmc r`spjrbtcrjc k`d pbgj`lt`.
bmustbkb)
Gublkc s` hb bgtjvbkc db nulgj÷l lGUBU, `xjst`
scdbf`lt` db pcsjojdjkbk k` bmustbr db pr`sj÷l GUBU
bmustbkb. @l gbsc k` hbo`rs` bmustbkc Ndumc
butcfâtjgc GCL,
GCL, db pr`sj÷l bmustbkb s` a`l`rb
butcfâtjgbf`lt` gcl `d ndumc ràudbkc. W` bsjalb
butcfâtjgbf`lt` ul ndumc njmc b db pr`sj÷l bmustbkb qu`
s` jlkjgb kòbmc k`d vbdcr k` pr`sj÷l.
↟ Bmustbr `d gcltrcd
gcltrcd k` ndumc/ndumc
ndumc/ndumc butcfâtjgc Uâa. >0
Uâa. >0
Db bkbptbgj÷l k`d r`spjrbkcr `l `d pbgj`lt` s` r`bdjzb

b trbvês k` ulb gcl`xj÷l lbsbd `l `d sjst`fb k`
tuo`ræb (a`l`rbkcr).
(a`l`rbkcr).
Gublkc s` gclfutb bd fckc lGUBU, s`
k`sbgtjvb butcfâtjgbf`lt` `d s`lscr k` ndumc.
@l `d fckc lGUBU s` k`sbgtjvb `d s`lscr k` ndumc
butcfâtjgbf`lt` pcrqu` ul gcltrcd k` vcduf`l
gbusbræb jlncrfbgj÷l `rr÷l`b kòjkc b dbs nuabs qu`
prcobod`f`lt` s` a`l`rbræbl.
@d ndumc lc s` bdt`rb `l gbsc k` pr`s`ltbrs` ulb nuab.
Lc costblt`, `d `qujpc `s gbpbz k` fblt`l`r db
pr`sj÷l f`kjblt` ràudbgj÷l k` db vâdvudb k`
`spjrbgj÷l, jlgdusc `l gbsc k` ul fbycr ljv`d k`
nuabs.
_`v ?.0.7 17
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
HNC ‗ ^
HNC ^`ltjd
`ltjdbgj÷l
bgj÷l F`gâljgb
F`gâljgb csgjd
cs gjdbtcrj
btcrjbb k` bdtb
nr`gu`lgjb
 _`spjrbgj÷l
_`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b gcl HNC @l `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb HNC (Hjah
Nr`qu`lg
r`qu`lgyy Csgjddbtjcl) s` baràbl bd bjr` r`spjrbtcrjc
 _`spjr
_`spjrbgj÷l
bgj÷l `spcltâl`
`spcltâl`b
b HNC`xgdusjvb csgjdbgjcl`s k` bdtb nr`gu`lgjb qu` p`rfjt`l ulb
f`mcrbkb `djfjlbgj÷l k`d GC?. Gublkc `d pbgj`lt`
 Gjgdc r`spjrbt
r`spjrbtcrjc
crjc k` r`gdutbf
r`gdutbfj`ltc
j`ltc c fb
fblubd
lubd
r`spjrb `spcltâl`bf`lt`, lc s` bpcrtb trbobmc
(kjspbrbkc pcr usubrjc, gcl pr`sj÷l k`
r`spjrbtcrjc pcr `d r`spjrbkcr. [bltc `l db jlspjrbgj÷l
jlspjrbgj÷l bmustbkb)
gcfc `l db `spjrbgj÷l s` a`l`rb scdbf`lt` ulb
pr`sj÷l pcsjtjvb (sjfjdbr bd U@@U), kclk` s` r`kug`
lctbod`f`lt`
lctbod`f`l t` `d trbobmc r`spjrbtcrjc k`d pbgj`lt`.
Db pr`sj÷l k` r`spjrbgj÷l pu`k` s`r làbtjvb
kurblt` db nbs` k` `spjrbgj÷l (k`pr`sj÷l fâxjfb
-;5fobr).
@d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb HNC pu`k`
usbrs` tbfojêl gcl `d s`lscr k` ndumc
k`sbgtjvbkc.
Ubrb db k`t`ggj÷l k` nuabs kò` cos`rvbrs` `d
bmust` pr`gjsc k` db bdbrfb U f`kjc.
↟ Bmust`s k` bdbrfb
bdbrfb Uâa. 2?0
Uâa. 2?0
1; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
lJUU^
@l `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb lJUU^ (l bsbd

 [j`fpc
jlspjrbgj÷l bmustbkc
Jlt`rfjtt`lt Ucsjtjv` Ur`ssur` ^`ltjdbtjcl) s` r`bdjzb db
 [j`fpc
[j`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l bmustbkc (4 2,0 s)
2,0 r`spjrbgj÷l gcl `d pbtr÷l pr`sgrjtc y bmustbkc `l `d
`qujpc, sjl tcfbr `l gclsjk`rbgj÷l
gclsjk`rbgj÷l db r`spjrbgj÷l
 Gjgdc r`spjrbt
r`spjrbtcrjc
crjc f`
f`gâljgc
gâljgc `spcltâl`b
scor`pr`sj÷lk`d
`lpbgj`lt`. @l jlspjrbgj÷l
db `tbpb k` `stc s` a`l`rb ulb
kclk` db
`spjrbgj÷l s` r`bdjzb pbsjvbf`lt`. Db ncrfb k`
r`spjrbgj÷l hb sjkc gclgòjkb pbrb `d `fpd`c k`d
L`cm`t A`l`rbtcr, `l `d gubd `d pbgj`lt` tj`l` db
pcsjojdjkbk k` r`spjrbr `spcltâl`bf`lt` `l bfocs
ljv`d`s k` pr`sj÷l.
@l `d fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l lJUU^ `xjst` db pcsjojdjkbk
k` a`l`rbr butcfâtjgbf`lt` db pr`sj÷l bmustbkb
(Ndumc butcfâtjgc GCL)
f`kjblt` ul ndumc ràudbkc (Ndumc GCL) c
oj`l bmustbr bdt`rlbtjvbf`lt` dcs ndumcs
but÷lcfbf`lt`.
↟ Bmustbr `d gcltrcd
gcltrcd k` ndumc/ndumc
ndumc/ndumc butcfâtjgc Uâa. 07
Db bkbptbgj÷l k`d r`spjrbkcr `l `d pbgj`lt` s` r`bdjzb
b trbvês k` ulb gcl`xj÷l lbsbd `l `d sjst`fb k`
tuo`ræb (L`cm`t A`l`rbtcr).
Gublkc s` gclfutb bd fckc lJUU^, s` k`sbgtjvb
butcfâtjgbf`lt` `d s`lscr k` ndumc.
@l `d fckc lJUU^ s` k`sbgtjvb `d s`lscr k` ndumc
butcfâtjgbf`lt` pcrqu` ul gcltrcd k` vcduf`l
gbusbræb jlncrfbgj÷l `rr÷l`b kòjkc b dbs nuabs qu`
prcobod`f`lt`
prcobod`f` lt` s` a`l`rbræbl. @d ndumc lc s` bdt`rb `l
gbsc k` pr`s`ltbrs` ulb nuab. Lc costblt`, `d `qujpc
`s gbpbz k` fblt`l`r db pr`sj÷l f`kjblt` ràudbgj÷l
k` db vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l, jlgdusc `l gbsc k` ul
fbycr ljv`d k` nuabs.
_`v ?.0.7 10
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
^`ltjdbgj÷l
^`ltjdbgj÷l F`gâljgb
F`gâljgb gcl djfjtbgj÷l
dj fjtbgj÷l k`
k ` vcduf`l
Kòjkc bd `d`vbkc vcduf`l k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
pu`k` a`l`rbrs` nâgjdf`lt` ul kbòc `strugturbd k`d
pudf÷l. Gcl db r`spjrbgj÷l djfjtbkb `l su vcduf`l,
pu`k`l gcltrbrjbrs` dcs vcdufctrbufbs `l gbsc k`
ulb bdt`rbgj÷l k` db gclkjgj÷l pudfclbr. @l `stc s`
k`t`rfjlb `d vcduf`l fâxjfc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb.
Gublkc `d pudf÷l `xp`rjf`ltb ul gbfojc (p. `m.
f`kjblt` f`kjgbgj÷l) qu` prcvcgbræb ul fbycr
vcduf`l jlspjrbtcrjc, s` bpdjgb db nulgj÷l k` djfjtbgj÷l
k` vcduf`l.
@d usubrjc pu`k` r`kugjr `l `d gbsc k` qu` s`b
l`g`sbrjc db pr`sj÷l jlspjrbtcrjb pbrb lc scor`pbsbr `d
vcduf`l bmustbkc.
↟ ^[ Dæfjt (Djfjtbgj÷l k` vcduf`l)Uâa
vcduf`l)Uâa.81
.81
Abrbltæb
Abrbltæb k` vcdu
vcduf`l
f`l
Db abrbltæb k` vcduf`l bsàurb qu` bd pbgj`lt` s` d`
bpdjgb `l gbkb gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc pcr dc f`lcs ul
vcduf`l abrbltjzbkc.
↟ ^[A (Abrbltæb k` vcduf`l) Uâa.88
Uâa.88
^`ltjdbgj÷l F`gâljgb obgiup

Plb v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb obgiup s` bgtjvb sj`fpr`
gublkc `d `qujpc k`t`gtb ulb bpl`b.
F`kjblt` db nulgj÷l k` obgiup s` kjspbrbl
f`gâljgbf`lt`
f`gâljgbf` lt` ulc c vbrjcs gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs pbrb
abrbltjzbr db bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc k`d pbgj`lt`.
Gublkc s` kjspbrb db r`spjrbgj÷l obgiup, s` jlkjgb
`stc f`kjblt` ulb jlkjgbgj÷l vjsubdjzbkb `l db
pbltbddb.
Db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb k` obgiup `stâ
kjspcljod` scdbf`lt` `l dcs fckcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l
kjspbrbkcs
kjspbrbkc s y `l `d GUBU.
↟ Gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs obgiup Uâa. 1:
Uâa. 1:
↟ Nr`g Uâa.
Uâa. 82
82
Obgiup
↟ [J Obgiup Uâa.
Uâa. 80
80
1> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
_`spjrbgj÷l
_`spjrbgj÷l gcl
gc l gcltrcd
gcltrc d pudscxjfêtrjgc
pudsc xjfêtrjgc (ougd` g`rrbkc)
g`rrbkc)
Gcl db nulgj÷l bgtjvbkb k` ougd` g`rrbkc, `d
pbrâf`trc k` r`spjrbgj÷l C? s` bmustb k` tbd fbl`rb
qu` `d vbdcr WpC? gcltjlubf`lt` k`t`rfjlbkc s`
`lgu`ltr` k`ltrc k`d rblac com`tjvc k`njljkc pcr `d
usubrjc.
↟ Bmustbr `d ougd`
ougd` g`rrbkc Uâa. >?
Uâa. >?
Gâdgudc Gcl dcs vbdcr`s WpC? jlar`sblt`s s` gbdgudb
gcltjlubf`lt` db k`svjbgj÷l k`d rblac com`tjvc, bsæ
gcfc db t`lk`lgjb k` db gurvb k` vbdcr`s=
 Db k`svjbgj÷l k`d rblac com`tjvc s` gbdgudb
scor` db obs` k` dcs ýdtjfcs 285 kbtcs k`
f`kjgj÷l.
Gublkc `d 85% s` `lgu`ltrb kòbmc k`d dæfjt`
pbrb obmc/fuy obmc, s` gdbsjnjgb `d WpC ? bgtubd
gcfc "obmc/fuy obmc". Dc fjsfc s` bpdjgb
pbrb WpC? gcfc "bdtc/fuy bdtc" gublkc `d
85% scor`pbsb `d dæfjt` pbrb bdtc/fuy bdtc.
W` k`t`rfjlb ulb r`gtb gcl dcs ýdtjfcs >5 vbdcr`s k`
f`kjgj÷l. B pbrtjr k` ul buf`ltc k` +/- 5,2 (WpC?-%
gbfojc pcr sàulkc) s` gclsjk`rb db t`lk`lgjb `l
bsg`lsc/k`sg`lsc.
_àudbgj÷l k`d ougd` g`rrbkc @l nulgj÷l k` db gdbsjnjgbgj÷l k`d vbdcr WpC? bgtubd s`
fckjnjgb `d pbrâf`trc k` r`spjrbgj÷l C? `l
+0, +?, 5 (WpC? `l `d rblac com`tjvc), -2, -?.
@l dcs sjauj`lt`s gbscs lc s` bpdjgb ulb bkbptbgj÷l=
bkbptbgj÷l=
 @d ýdtjfc gbfojc s` r`bdjz÷ k`ltrc k` 7
fjlutcs.
 Dbgubd
t`lk`lgjb k` WpC ?
dc s` bpdjgbræb ulb `stâ `l k`sg`lsc,
r`kuggj÷l k` C ?. pcr
 Db t`lk`lgjb k` WpC? `stâ `l bsg`lsc, pcr dc
gubd s` bpdjgbræb ul buf`ltc k` C ?.
 @d vbdcr WpC? bgtubd lc `s vâdjkc c s`
`lgu`ltrb kòbmc k`d dæfjt` k` k`sbturbgj÷l.
 Db kjsp`rsj÷l k` dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l `s
fuy bdtb.
 F`lcs k`d 85 % k` dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l
k` dcs ýdtjfcs 7 fjlutcs `s vâdjkc.
 Db ràudbgj÷l s` susp`lk` pcr pbrt` k`d
usubrjc.
_`v ?.0.7 11
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
Dæfjt` k` k`sbturbgj÷l @d dæfjt` k` k`sbturbgj÷l `s `d dæfjt` jln`rjcr k` db

abfb k` ràudbgj÷l k` WpC ? (415%). Gublkc `d vbdcr
k` WpC gb` pcr kòbmc k` `st` dæfjt`, `d vbdcr lc `s
bsufjkc? pcr db ràudbgj÷l y `d ràudbkcr `sp`rb hbstb
qu` dcs vbdcr`s k` WpC? s` `lgu`ltr`l lu`vbf`lt`
pcr scor` `d dæfjt` k` k`sbturbgj÷l.
Ubsbr pcr kòbmc k`d dæfjt` k` sbturbgj÷l lc
gcrr`spclk` bd fckc nbddobgi. Db ràudbgj÷l s`
jlt`rrufp` scdc hbstb qu` dcs vbdcr`s k` WpC?
scor`pbs`l lu`vbf`lt` `d 15 %.
Jlk`p`lkj`lt`f`lt` k`d dæfjt` k` k`sbturbgj÷l,
D`cljUdus `fjt` ulb bdbrfb bd bdgblzbr dcs
dæfjt`s k`d rblac com`tjvc k` ?.
Uâa. >?
Kjspbrc k` vcduf`l
@l `d kjspbrc k` vcduf`l s` bpcyb ul `snu`rzc
r`spjrbtcrjc gublkc s` bdgblzb `d vcduf`l bmustbkc.
@d bmust` s` r`bdjzb `l % k`d vcduf`l tjkbd `spjrbtcrjc
f`kjkc.
↟ [rja^cd Uâa.8>.
Uâa.8>.
Kjspbrc k` ndumc
@l `d kjspbrc k` ndumc s` bpcyb ul `snu`rzc
r`spjrbtcrjc gublkc s` bdgblzb `d ndumc bmustbkc.
@d bmust` s` r`bdjzb `l D/fjl y lc k`p`lk` k` dcs
k`fâs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l.
↟ [rjaa`r Uâa.8>.
Uâa.8>.
18 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
f `gâljg
Dcs pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâ ljgbb
Gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs obgiup
¡'Wjl v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb obgiup!

U`djarc
U`djarc k ` sufjljstrc jlsunjg j`lt` k` cxæa`lc
cxæa`lc
 Bgtjv` db r`spjrbgj÷l obgiup obmc Gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs obgiup `l
obgiup `l `d
BK^@_[@LGJB fckc GUBU.
W÷dc pbrb fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb GUBU
Dcs gjgdcsr`spjrbtcrjcs
k` gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcsqu`
obgiup k`t`rfjlbl
k`t`rfjlbl `d lýf`rc
s` kjspbrbl
butcfâtjgbf`lt`
butcfâtjgbf `lt` k`spuês k` trblsgurrjr `d tj`fpc k`
BUL@B.
@d gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc obgiup s` r`bdjzb
r `bdjzb gcl db pr`sj÷l
jlspjrbtcrjb bmustbkb (UJlsp) y ul tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l
y `spjrbgj÷l njmbf`lt` bmustbkc.
GUBU
GUBU () k`t`rfjlb db pr`sj÷l gcltjlubf`lt`

pcsjtjvb k` db væb r`spjrbtcrjb
r `spjrbtcrjb pbrb `d fckc k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb GUBU.
GUBU `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb GUBU y lGUBU.
_`v ?.0.7 1:
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
Ndumc @sp / Ndumc / Ndumc GUBU

Ndumc@sp k`njl` `d ndumc `spjrbtcrjc. @st` ndumc gcltjluc
sjrv` pbrb `d dbvbkc k`d GC? k`d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb y
pbrb `stbod`g`r `d U@@U/GUBU.
Ndumc `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb GUBU.
NdumcGUBU `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb lGUBU
Ndumc Jlsp / Ndumc fbl
NdumcJlsp k`t`rfjlb `d ndumc jlspjrbtcrjc. @st` vbdcr

k`t`rfjlb `d buf`ltc k`d arânjgc k` r`spjrbgj÷l
kurblt` db jlspjrbgj÷l.
@l gbsc k` ul NdumcJlsp fuy obmc lc `s pcsjod`
bdgblzbr db pr`sj÷l jlspjrbtcrjb fâxjfb (U Jlsp).
Ndumcfbl `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb lGUBU
Nr`g
Nr`g () k`t`rfjlb db nr`gu`lgjb k` r`spjrbgj÷l.

Nr`g `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`
JF^ / JUU^, WJF^, UW^-WJF^ y lJUU^.
85 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
Nr`g Obgiup
Nr`gObgiup () k`t`rfjlb db nr`gu`lgjb k` obgiup.

Nr`gObgiup `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`
r`spjrbgj÷l
W-JUU^ y UW^-WJUU^.
Nr`g _`g
Nr`g_`g k`t`rfjlb db nr`gu`lgjb k` dcs gjgdcs

r`spjrbtcrjcs k` r`gdutbfj`ltc.
r`gdutbfj`ltc.
Nr`g_`g `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
r`spjrbgj÷l
r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd HNC.
HN Bf fâx
HNBffbx () `s `d vbdcr dæfjt` fâxjfc qu` pu`k`

bdgblzbr db bfpdjtuk.
HN Bffbx `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb HNC gublkc s` hb bgtjvbkc
`d pbrâf`trc ^[A.
_`v ?.0.7 82
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
HN Bfpd
Bfp d
HN Bfpd () k`t`rfjlb db bfpdjtuk k` db v`ltjdbgj÷l

f`gâljgb HNC (pultb ‗ pultb)
HN Bfpd `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
r`spjrbgj÷l HNC.
HN Nr`g
HN Nr`g () k`t`rfjlb db nr`gu`lgjb HNC.

HNNr`g `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb HNC.
J=@
J=@ k`t`rfjlb `d rbtjc k` db jlspjrbgj÷l gcl db

`spjrbgj÷l.
W` pu`k`l bmustbr dcs sjauj`lt`s vbdcr`s=
 05=05
 ;5=>5
 77=>>
 ?0=10
@d pbrâf`trc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb J=@ `xjst`
J=@ `xjst`
scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
HNC.
C?
C? k`t`rfjlb `d gclt`ljkc k` cxæa`lc k`d bjr`

r`spjrbtcrjc.
8? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
U@@U
U@@U () k`t`rfjlb db pr`sj÷l gcltjlubf`lt`

pcsjtjvb k` db væb r`spjrbtcrjb
r `spjrbtcrjb njlbd.
UJlsp
¡^bdcr UJlsp fuy bdtc!

U`djarc
U`djarc k` kbòcs pu dfclbr`s
dfclbr`s p`rsjst`lt`s
 Gcltrcd` db pr`sj÷l k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjdbgj ÷l f`gâljgb.
BK^@_[@LGJB
UJlsp k`t`rfjlb db pr`sj÷l jlspjrbtcrjb. @stb `s db

pr`sj÷l fâxjfb qu` pu`k` bdgblzbrs` `l db
jlspjrbgj÷l.
Ufbl
Ufbl k`t`rfjlb db pr`sj÷l k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb `l

ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd.
Ufbl `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb lGUBU y HNC.
_`v ?.0.7 87
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
UFbx
UFbx k`t`rfjlb db pr`sj÷l fâxjfb k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb qu` pu`k` bdgblzbrs` `l ulb v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb gcl abrbltæb k` vcduf`l.
UFbx `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`
r`spjrbgj÷l W-JUU^, W-JF^, UW^-WJUU^, UW^-
WJF^.
Uf`kjc
dbf`kjc
U væb k`t`rfjlb
r`spjrbtcrjbdbpbrb
pr`sj÷l gcltjlubf`lt`
`d fckc pcsjtjvb k`
k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb HNC.
Uf`kjc s` k`t`rfjlb butcfâtjgbf`lt` `l db
gclfutbgj÷l k`sk` ctrc fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l
brtjnjgbd bd HNC=
Uf`kjc (HNC) 6 (Uf`kjc (gclv`lgjclbd) + ?).
Uf`kjc `xjjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
U_`g
U k`t`rfjlb `d ljv`d k` pr`sj÷l bd gubd s` `d`vb `d

_`g
vbdcr f`kjc kurblt` ulb fbljcorb k` r`gdutbfj`ltc.
U_`g `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l

f`gâljgb HNC.
8; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
UWcpcrt`
UWcpcrt` k`t`rfjlb db pr`sj÷l pbrb `d bpcyc k` db

r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b.
`spcltâl`b.
@l gbsc k` gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs kjspbrbkcs nu`rb
k`d rjtfc WJF^ pu`k` s`d`ggjclbrs` `ltr` U@@U
y Ujlsp pbrb UWcpcrt` .
UWcpcrt` `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb W-JF^.
[ Bp l`b
Bpl`b
W÷dc pbrb fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb GUBU
[Bpl`b k`t`rfjlb `d tj`fpc p`rfjtjkc k` bpl`b ( ). W`

kjspbrb ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc obgiup butcfâtjgc
gublkc s` scor`pbsb `st` tj`fpc.
@d lýf`rc k` gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs kjspbrbkcs s`
k`t`rfjlb f`kjblt` `d pbrâf`trc Gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs
obgiup.
[J Obgiup
[J Obgiup () k`t`rfjlb `d tj`fpc pbrb db jlspjrbgj÷l k`

obgiup.
[ `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`
J Obgiup
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb UW^-WJUU^, UW^-WJF^.
_`v ?.0.7 80
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
[jlsp
[jlsp () k`t`rfjlb `d tj`fpc pbrb db jlspjrbgj÷l.

[jlsp `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`
f`gâljgb JF^ / JUU^, W-JUU^, W-JF^
y lJUU^.
[jlsp fbx
[jlsp fbx ()pbrb
jlspjrbgj÷l k`t`rfjlb `d tj`fpc
dcs gjgdcs fâxjfcgcltrcdbkcs
r`spjrbtcrjcs k`
pcr `d pbgj`lt`.
[jlsp fbx `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb UW^-WJUU^, UW^-WJF^.
[ _`g
[ _`g k`t`rfjlb `d tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l pbrb db

fbljcorb k` r`gdutbfj`ltc.
[ _`g `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb `d fckc k`
8> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
[rja^cd
[rja^cd (vcduf`l k` kjspbrc) jlkjgb `d vcduf`l b

pbrtjr k`d gubd s` r`gclcg` ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
`spcltâl`c.
@st` vbdcr s` k`t`rfjlb `l ul pcrg`ltbm` k`d vcduf`l
tjkbd f`kjkc.
[rja^cd `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`
r`spjrbgj÷l
W-JUU^, W-JF^, UW^-WJUU^, UW^-WJF^
[rja^cd `xjst` scdbf`lt` gcl bmust` k`d
kjspbrbkcr k` vcduf`l bmustbkc.
[rjaa`r
[rjaa`r jlkjgb `d ndumc b pbrtjr k`d gubd s` r`gclcg` ul

gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
r `spjrbtcrjc `spcltâl`c.
`spcltâl`c.
@st` vbdcr s` bmustb `l D/fjl k`d ndumc f`kjkc.
[rjaa`r `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`
W-JUU^, W-JF^, UW^-WJUU^, UW^-WJF^
[rjaa`r `xjst` scdbf`lt` gcl bmust` k`d trjaa`r k`
ndumc bmustbkc.
^[ Dæfjt (Djfjtbgj÷l k` vcduf`l)

vcdu f`l)
^[ Dæfjt k`t`rfjlb `d vcduf`l qu` s` pu`k` bdgblzbr

gcfc fâxjfc.
W` jlt`rrufp` db jlspjrbgj÷l bd bdgblzbr `st` vbdcr. @l
db pbltbddb s` jlkjgb `d f`lsbm` k` hbo`r bdgblzbkc
`st` vbdcr.
^[ Dæfjt `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`

JUU^ / JF^, W-JUU^, W-JF^, UW^-WJUU^, UW^-
WJF^.
_`v ?.0.7 81
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
^[A (Abrbltæb k` vcduf`l)
^[A k`t`rfjlb `d vcduf`l qu` kò` bdgblzbrs` gcfc
fæljfc `l db r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd (abrbltæb k`
vcduf`l).
Ubrb
Ubrb tckcs dcs fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb sjl
HNC=
Ubrb `ddc, `d `qujpc a`l`rb butcfâtjgbf`lt` db
pr`sj÷l l`g`sbrjb (U(^[A)) pbrb bdgblzbr `st` vcduf`l.
Db pr`sj÷l k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb lc kò`
scor`pbsbr `d vbdcr k` p fbx.
@l db k`sbgtjvbgj÷l k` db abrbltæb k` vcduf`l s`

bg`ptb `d vbdcr bgtubd k` pr`sj÷l gcfc p jlsp. W`
vjsubdjzb `d f`lsbm` "Gcltrcdbr bmust`s k` pr`sj÷l".
Ubrb HNC=
Ubrb `ddc, `d `qujpc ràudb butcfâtjgbf`lt` db
bfpdjtuk l`g`sbrjb pbrb bdgblzbr `st` vcduf`l.
Db bfpdjtuk lc kò` scor`pbsbr `d vbdcr k` HN
BFfbx.
@l gbsc k` bgtjvjkbk r`spjrbtcrjb `spcltbl`b fâs
jlt`lsb pu`k` pr`s`ltbrs` ul p`rmujgjc k` db
ràudbgj÷l k` bfpdjtuk.
@l `d gbfojc k` fckc
butcfâtjgbf`lt` k`/hbgjb
db abrbltæb k` HNC s` k`sbgtjvb
vcduf`l.
^[A `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`

v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb W-JUU^, W-JF^, UW^-
WJUU^, UW^-WJF^ y HNC.
88 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l, pbrâf`trcs y vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l
8
Dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l

f`kjgj÷l (vb
(vbdcr`s
dcr`s lufêrjgcs)
lufêrjgcs )
% Wpcl
Wpcltt Y%V
Ubrt` k`d trbobmc r`spjrbtcrjc `spcltâl`c, gcl r`dbgj÷l bd
trbobmc r`spjrbtcrjc tctbd k`d `qujpc.
G?5/G
F`kjkb pbrb scor`kjst`lgj÷l k`d pudf÷l
Gcfpdjblgjb kurblt` `d ýdtjfc ?5% k` db `tbpb k`

jlspjrbgj÷l, `l r`dbgj÷l b gcfpdjblgjb tctbd.
Gkyl Yfd/fobrV
Gcfpdjblgjb= @xpblkjojdjkbk
@xpblkjojdjkbk k`d pudf÷l (kjlâfjgc)
GUBU
GUBU= gcltjlcus pcsjtjv` bjrwby pr`ssur`
KGC? Yfd*fd/sV
@st` pbrâf`trc `s k`lcfjlbkc gcfc "gc`njgj`lt` k`
trblspcrt` k` abs" KGC?. Pl buf`ltc k` `st` gc`njgj`lt`
prcvcgb ulb r`kuggj÷l k`d vbdcr k` GC?.
Ubrb db r`spjrbgj÷l csgjdblt` s` hb gcfprcobkc qu` db

`djfjlbgj÷l k` GC? `s gcrr`dbtjvb gcl (^tHNC)? x n.
@l `stc, ^t gcrr`spclk` bd vcduf`l k` csgjdbgj÷l y n

gcrr`spclk` b db nr`gu`lgjb k` csgjdbgjcl.
Nr`g Wpcl
Wpcltt Y2/fjlV
Nr`gu`lgjb k`d pbgj`lt` qu` r`spjrb `spcltâl`bf`lt`
`spcltâl`bf`lt`
_`v ?.0.7 8:
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
Nr`g Y2/fjl
Y2/fjlVV
HNC=
Nr`gu`lgjb r`spjrbtcrjb
Ubrb HNC= YHzV
Nr`gu`lgjb k` csgjdbgj÷l
csgjdbgj÷l
Db nr`gu`lgjb k` csgjdbgj÷l s` jlkjgb `l h`rtzjcs (Hz) `

jlnduy` `d vcduf`l k` csgjdbgj÷l.
Bfpd
Bf pdjj tu
tukk HNC Yfo
Y fobrV
brV
Bfpdjtuk `n`gtjvbf`lt` f`kjkb, `l nulgj÷l k` db
gclnjaurbgj÷l k`d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb.
Nuab Y%V
Kjn`r`lgjb `ltr` vcduf`l jlspjrbtcrjc ` `spjrbtcrjc.
F^ Yd/fjl
Yd/fjlVV
^cduf`l Fjlutc= ^cduf`l jlspjrbtcrjc f`kjc pcr fjlutc.
C? Y%V
Gclt`ljkc k` cxæa`lc k`d bjr` r`spjrbtcrjc
U@@U YfobrV
Ur`sj÷l `spjrbtcrjb njlbd pcsjtjvb qu` kcfjlb bd njlbd k`d
gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc.
UJ Y%V
:5 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
@d ælkjg` k` p`rnusj÷l jlkjgb db jlt`lsjkbk k`d sjalc

brt`rjbd k` pudsc gcfc r`dbgj÷l pcrg`ltubd k` db s`òbd
pudsâtjd gcl db s`òbd lc pudsâtjd (s÷dc `l f`kjgjcl`s k`
WpC?).
@d UJ p`rfjt` bd fêkjgc gcdcgbr dcs s`lscr`s `l db

pcsjgj÷l ÷ptjfb (db pcsjgj÷l gcl `d vbdcr UJ fâs bdtc).
Uf`kjc YfobrV
HNC=
Ur`sj÷l f`kjb k` db væb r`spjrbtcrjb
Ubrb HNC=
Ur`sj÷l f`kjb k` væb r`spjrbtcrjb, gbdgudbkb gcfc vbdcr

f`kjc brjtfêtjgc scor` ulb csgjdbgj÷l.
Up`bi YfobrV
^bdcr pultb k` pr`sj÷l fbx. sup`rjcr
Uudscs
Db tbsb k` pudsc k`t`rfjlbkb f`kjblt` db cxjf`træb
uWpC ℯ Fbsjfc W@[®.
?
_`sjs
_`sjstblg`
tblg` _ Yfobr/d/sV
_`sjst`lgjb jlspjrbtcrjb `stâtjgb k`d pudf÷l y k`d sjst`fb
k` tuo`ræb/r`gjpj`lt`.
_`v ?.0.7 :2
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
WJR
W`òbd JR (vjsubdjzbgj÷l k` obrrb) jlkjgb db gbdjkbk k`

s`òbd bdgblzbkb y `d tjfjla k` dcs pudscs `l r`dbgj÷l
bd pd`tjsf÷arbnc (s÷dc `l db f`kjgj÷l k` WpC?).
WpC ? Y%V
Db sbturbgj÷l k` ÷xja`lc k`t`rfjlbkb f`kjblt` db
cxjf`træb uWpC?ℯ Fbsjfc W@[®.
[j Wpclt
Wpclt YsV
Ys V
[j`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b.
^t HNC
HNC YfdV
^cduf`l tjkbd f`kjkc k` ulb csgjdbgj÷l `l fd.
^[`
^[` YfdV
^cduf`l tjkbd `spjrbtcrjc (vcduf`l f`kjkc qu` `spjrb `d
pbgj`lt` gcl gbkb gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc)
^[j YfdV
^cduf`l tjkbd jlspjrbtcrjc (vcduf`l f`kjkc qu` jlspjrb `d
pbgj`lt` gcl gbkb gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc)
:? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
Gclstblt` k` tj`fpc YfsV

Db gclstblt` k` tj`fpc ϋ gbrbgt`rjzb tckbs dbs
r`sjst`lgjbs pr`s`ltbkbs `l db `spjrbgj÷l. W` gbdgudb
gcfc prckugtc k` "_`sjstblg`" y "Gcfpdjblg`".
Ubrb ulb `spjrbgj÷l gcfpd`tb s` r`quj`r` k` db kurbgj÷l

k` tj`fpc k` ul fæljfc k` 7 gclstblt`s k` tj`fpc.
Gublkc `d tj`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l `s f`lcr, buf`ltb `d
vcduf`l pudfclbr `lk`xpjrbtcrjc (Bjr trbppjla). @stc
jfpdjgb tbfojêl gcls`gu`lgjbs pbrb db têgljgb pudfclbr
(Gcfpdjblg`) qu` k`p`lk` k`d vcduf`l pudfclbr
`lk`xpjrbtcrjc.
_`v ?.0.7 :7
Gbpætudc
Fckcs k`
Fckcs
8
^bdcr`s gcfpd`f`ltbrjcs
gc fpd`f`ltbrjcs
Dcs vbdcr`s gcfpd`f`ltbrjcs s` cotj`l`l gcl dcs

pbrâf`trcs bmustbkcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb y
s` vjsubdjzb `ltr` dcs fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb y dcs pbrâf`trcs.
@d tjpc y lýf`rc k` vbdcr`s gcfpd`f`ltbrjcs
jlkjgbkcs k`p`lk` k`d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb.
J=@
_btjc `ltr` jlspjrbgj÷l y `spjrbgj÷l (gbdgudbkc scor` db
obs` k` db nr`gu`lgjb k` r`spjrbgj÷l y `d tj`fpc k`
jlspjrbgj÷l)
[@WU YsV
[j`fpc k` `spjrbgj÷l (gbdgudbkc scor` db obs` k` db
nr`gu`lgjb k` r`spjrbgj÷l y `d tj`fpc k` jlspjrbgj÷l)
[rja^cd YfdV
[rja^cd (vcduf`l k` kjspbrc) jlkjgb `d vcduf`l gbdgudbkc
b pbrtjr k`d gubd s` r`gclcg` ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
`spcltâl`c (gbdgudbkc k` [rja ^cd Y%V y k`d vcduf`l tjkbd
f`kjkc)
Ndumc obs` YD/fjlV

Ndumc oâsjgc
Ndumc obs` `xjst` scdbf`lt` pbrb dcs fckcs k`

v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb HNC, lGUBU y lJUU^.
:; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
8
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgj
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjbs
bs k` dcs pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjdbgj÷ l
f`gâljgb
Gublkc dcs pbrâf`trcs s` ràdbf`ltbl `l

ncrfb futub, ul pbrâf`trc pu`k` fckjnjgbrs`
`l ul prjf`r pbsc scdbf`lt` hbstb ddàbr bd
dæfjt` k`d rblac ràdbf`ltbkc. Plb nd`ghb
jlkjgbkb `l `d pbrâf`trc k`p`lkj`lt` fu`strb
db kjr`ggj÷l hbgjb db gubd kò` s`r fckjnjgbkc
blt`s k` sàujr gbfojblkc `d pbrâf`trc k`
sbdjkb.
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjb k` UJlsp y U@@U
@ltr` Ujlsp y U@@U kò` hbo`r sj`fpr` ulb

kjn`r`lgjb fæljfb k` ? fobr.
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjb k` Ufbl y GUBU
@ltr` GUBU y Ufbl kò` hbo`r sj`fpr` ulb

kjn`r`lgjb fæljfb k` ? fobr.
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjb k` UJlsp y J-Ndum

J-Ndumcc
Gublkc Ujlsp 4 25 fobr, lc `s pcsjod` bmustbr `d

vbdcr k` J-Ndumc gcl ul vbdcr sup`rjcr b 25 d/fjl.
Jlt`rk`p`lk`lgjb k` nr`gu`lgjb,
nr`gu`lgj b, tj`fpc J y tj`fpc @
Gcl dbs pcsjojdjkbk`s k` bmust` k` dcs tr`s kjn`r`lt`s
kjn`r`lt`s
pbrâf`trcs s` cotj`l`l kjn`r`lt`s
ràdbf`ltbgjcl`s `ltr` sæ.
_`v ?.0.7 :0
Gbpætudc
brtjnjgjbd
_`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd
_`spjrbgj÷l
:
:. _`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd
¡Gcl`xj÷l pr`fbturb k`d pbgj`lt`!

 Blt`s k`
k` gcl`gtbr
gcl`gtbr `d pbgj`lt`
pbgj`lt` gcl `d r`spjrbkcr=
r`spjrbkcr=
BK^@_[@LGJB
 _`bdjg` ul gcltrcd k`d `qujpc.
 Bkbpt` dcs pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l

v`ltjdbg j÷l f`gâljgb bd pbgj`lt`.
o âsjgbss
Nulgjcl`s oâsjgb
¡_`gclcgjfj`ltc r`strjlajkc k` k`sgcl`xj÷l gcl `d s`lscr k` ndumc

¡_`gclcgjfj`ltc
k`sbgtjvbkc!
U`djarc
U`djarc k` sufj ljstrc jlsunjg j`lt` k` cxæa`lc
cxæa`lc
BK^@_[@LGJB  Bsàýr`s` qu` lc hbyb ljlaulb k`sgcl`xj÷l.
¡Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb sjl njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs `l `d dbkc k` jlspjrbgj÷l!

Gcltbfjlbgj÷l k`d `qujpc
Gcltbfjlbgj÷l
BK^@_[@LGJB  Ptjdjg` sj`fpr`

sj`fpr` ul njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs `l db gcl`xj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l.
jlspjrbgj÷l.
HNC sjl njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs

Gcltbfjlbgj÷l k`d `qujpc
Gcltbfjlbgj÷l
U_@GBPGJ×L  Ptjdjg` sj`fpr`
sj`fpr` ul njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs pbrb `d fckc k`
k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb HNC.
:> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
_`spjrbgj÷l
:
Jljgjbr v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb

f`gâljgb
2.
2. Uuds` db t`gdb Jljgjc
Jljgjc c
c s`d`ggjcl` `d f`lý
^`ltjdbgj÷l F`gâljgb `l
F`gâljgb `l db pbltbddb jljgjbd.
W` vjsubdjzb `st` f`lsbm` gublkc s` jljgb pcr

prjf`rb v`z ulb v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb k`spuês k`
bgtjvbr `d `qujpc.
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` ul fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
(JUU^ / JF^,
JF^, W-JUU^
W-JUU^,, W-JF^
W-JF^,, GUBU
GUBU,, lGUBU
lGUBU,,
lJUU^ u
lJUU^ u cpgjclbdf`lt` HNC
HNC).).
Dcs bmust`s pr`vjcs s` jlkjgbl gcl ul nclkc
bfbrrjddc y lc `stâl bgtjvbkcs tckbvæb.
Kò` `stbr gcl`gtbkc `d njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs

gublkc jljgjb `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
HNC.
7.
7. W`d`ggjcl` db cpgj÷l UW^
UW^ pbrb
pbrb gclfutbr `ltr`
fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb gcl/sjl UW^
(WJUU^
WJUU^ / / UW^-WJUU^
UW^-WJUU^,, WJF^
WJF^ / / UW^-WJF^
UW^-WJF^))
;.
;. Bkbpt` dcs pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
k` dcs bmust`s pr`vjcs bd pbgj`lt`.
↟ Gbfojbr dcs vbdcr`s k` pbrâf`trc gcl `d Uâa.
7:
0.
0. Uuds` db t`gdb Jljgjc pbrb jljgjbr db r`spjrbgj÷l `l
Jljgjc pbrb
`d fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l pr`bmustbkc.
Gublkc jljgjb `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
HNC, kò` gclnjrfbr db gclsudtb k` sàurjkbk
qu` `d njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs `stâ gcl`gtbkc.
_`v ?.0.7 :1
Gbpætudc
brtjnjgjbd
_`spjrbgj÷l
:
Gbfojc k`d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâ

Gbfojc f `gâljgb
ljgb kurblt`
kur blt` db
f`gâljgb
¡Gclnusj÷l k` bmust`s pr`vjcs y pbrâf`trcs bgtubd`s k` v`ltjdbgj÷l

f`gâljgb!
BK^@_[@LGJB  Bsàýr`s` qu` lc hbyb ljlaulb `kjgj÷l `rr÷l`b k` pbrâf`trcs k`
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` ul fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
(JUU^ / JF^,
JF^, W-JUU^
W-JUU^,, W-JF^
W-JF^,, GUBU
GUBU,, lGUBU
lGUBU,,
u cpgjclbdf`lt` HNC
lJUU^ u
lJUU^ HNC).).
Dcs pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb qu`
kò`l s`r bmustbkcs pr`vjbf`lt`, s` `lgu`ltrbl
pcr scor` dcs pbrâf`trcs bgtjvcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb y s` jlkjgbl gcl nclkc bfbrjddc.
Ubrb dcs bmust`s pr`vjcs s` utjdjzbl dcs vbdcr`s k`
pbrâf`trcs
pbrâf`trc s k` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
bgtubdf`lt` `m`gutbkb. @l `d gbfojc k`/hbgjb
HNC s` k`sbgtjvb butcfâtjgbf`lt` db abrbltæb
k` vcduf`l (^[A K`sg).
W` r`bdjzb ulb r`pcsjgj÷l k` db s`d`ggj÷l pr`vjb
gublkc hbyb < 2 fjl. (tjf`cut) `ltr` db s`d`ggj÷l
k`d lu`vc fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb y db
gclnjrfbgj÷l k` `stb s`d`ggj÷l.
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db cpgj÷l UW^
UW^ pbrb
pbrb gclfutbr `ltr`
fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb gcl/sjl UW^
(WJUU^
WJUU^ / / UW^-WJUU^
UW^-WJUU^,, WJF^
WJF^ / / UW^-WJF^
UW^-WJF^))
7.
7. Bkbpt` dcs pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
k` dcs bmust`s pr`vjcs bd pbgj`lt`.
↟ Gbfojbr dcs vbdcr`s k` pbrâf`trc gcl `d
Uâa. 7:
oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc Uâa. 7:
Kò` `stbr gcl`gtbkc `d njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs
gublkc jljgjb `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
HNC.
:8 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
_`spjrbgj÷l
:
;.
;. Uuds` db t`gdb Jljgjc pbrb gclfutbr bd fckc k`
Jljgjc pbrb
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb pr`vjbf`lt` s`d`ggjclbkc.
Gublkc gclfutb bd fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb HNC, kò` gclnjrfbr db gclsudtb k`
sàurjkbk qu` `d njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs `stâ
gcl`gtbkc..
@d fckc pr`s`d`ggjclbkc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
s` bpdjgb bhcrb gclmultbf`lt` gcl dcs
pbrâf`trcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l
r `spjrbgj÷l pr`bmustbkcs.
[`rfjlbr v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
2.
2. Uuds` db t`gdb Gcl/K`sg
Gcl/K`sg..
?.
?. W` vjsubdjzb ulb gclsudtb k` sàurjkbk.
W`d`ggjcl` @l `sp`rb/[r`lkjl
`sp`rb/[r`lkjlaa.
Db r`spjrbgj÷l s` t`rfjlb y s` jlkjgb db pbltbddb
"@qujpc kjspcljod`"/Wtblkoy.
7.
7. Bggjcl` db t`gdb Fcljtcrjla
t`gdb Fcljtcrjla pbrb gclfutbr b db
pbltbddb jljgjbd c oj`l pbrb sbdtbr `l dbs `ltrbkbs
k` db obrrb k` f`lý.
F`kjblt` db pudsbgj÷l k` Gcltjlubr s`

s` jlt`rrufp` `d
prcg`sc y s` r`tcrlb b db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
_`v ?.0.7 ::
Gbpætudc
brtjnjgjbd
_`spjrbgj÷l
:
Nulgjc
Nulgjcl`s
l`s `sp`gjbd`s
`sp`gjbd`s
K`sbgtjvbr
K`sbgtjvbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs `l db
cs `l
?.
Gbdjorbgj÷l
djorbgj÷l k`d n dumc.
dumc .
Bdt`rlbtjvbf`lt` bd f`lý
Bdt`rlbtjvbf`lt` f`lý Bm Bm us
ust`s
t`s pr `vj
`vjcs
cs `s
pcsjod` gbfojbr db Ubltbddb jljgjbd pbrb
jljgjbd pbrb
k`sbgtjvbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc `l `stb pbltbddb
prcg`kj`lkc k`d fjsfc fckc.
7.
7. @l db v`ltblb k`d s`lscr kò` gclnjrfbrs` `d
oct÷l "@lg`lkjkc" .
;.
;. Bhcrb `s pcsjod` k`sbgtjvbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc
f`kjblt` ajrc k`d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc.
Db k`sbgtjvbgj÷l kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
lc `s pcsjod` gublkc `d fckc bgtubd k`
r`spjrbgj÷l r`quj`r` k` ul s`lscr k` ndumc. @stc
s` bpdjgb pbrb tckcs dcs fckcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l
sjlgrcljzbkcs.
K`spuês k` db k`sbgtjvbgj÷l k`d s`lscr k` ndumc
k`sbpbr`g` tbfojêl `d âr`b k` gbdjorbgj÷l.
0.
0. Gclfut` b db pbltbddb k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
>.
>. [rbs db k`sbgtjvbgj÷l k`d s`lscr k` ndumc `xjst`l
bhcrb scdbf`lt` dcs fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb JUU^ / JF^, GUBU, lGUBU, lJUU^ y
HNC.
1.
1. Bhcrb `stâ kjspcljod` scdbf`lt`
scdbf`lt` db sup`rvjsj÷l
k` pr`sj÷l.
255 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
_`spjrbgj÷l
:
^`ltjdbgj÷l
^`ltj dbgj÷l F`
F`gâljgb
gâljgb `l gbsc k` nbddc `l bdjf`ltbgj÷l
k` abs
¡Gclfutbgj÷l bd abs r`stblt` `l gbsc k` ulb jlt`rrupgj÷l `l db

¡Gclfutbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs!
U`djarc
U`djarc k` sufj ljstrc jlsunjg j`lt` c `xg`sjvc
`xg`sjvc k` cxæa`lc
BK^@_[@LGJB  Cos`rv` db bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷ l k` cxæa`lc k`d pbgj`lt`.
@l gbsc k` ul nbddc `l db bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs s`

gclfutb butcfâtjgbf`lt` bd abs r`stblt`.
2.
2. @d f`lsbm` k` bdbrfb "Nbddc `l sufjljstrc C?" c
oj`l "Nbddc `l sufjljstrc Bjr`" jlkjgb qu` s`
r`kug` db pr`sj÷l k` db bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs.
?.
?. W` vjsubdjzb `d f`lsbm` k` bdbrfb "Nbddc `l
sufjljstrc C?. Abs nr`sgc `s Bjr`" c oj`l "Nbddc
`l sufjljstrc C?. Abs nr`sgc `s Bjr` C ?" `l gbsc
k` ul nbddc k` abs.
W` gclfutb bd abs r`stblt`.
7.
7. Dcs pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb C? s`
vjsubdjzbl gcl nclkc arjs y lc pu`k` vbrjbr.
@d oct÷l C? s` bmustb `l ?2 % C ? `l gbsc k` ulb
jlt`rrupgj÷l k` C? y gclfutbgj÷l b BJ_, c oj`l `l
255 % C? `l gbsc k` ulb jlt`rrupgj÷l k` BJ_ y
gclfutbgj÷l b C?.
;.
;. Db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb pu`k` s`r gcltjlubkb
gcl `d abs r`stblt`.
0.
0. Cos`rv` db bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc k`d pbgj`lt`.
¡Gcl db r`gup`rbgj÷l k` db bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs s` r`tcrlb lu`vbf`lt` bd

bmust` k` cxæa`lc vja`lt`s blt`s k`d nbddc!
U`djarc
BK^@_[@LGJB  Cos`rv` db bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷ l k` cxæa`lc k`d pbgj`lt`.
_`v ?.0.7 252
Gbpætudc
brtjnjgjbd
_`spjrbgj÷l
:
¡Gcl db r`gup`rbgj÷l k` db bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs s`

r`tcrlb butcfâtjgbf`lt` b db gclg`ltrbgj÷l k`
cxæa`lc bmustbkc blt`s k`d nbddc.
2.
2. Db gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` C? s` bmustb `l nulgj÷l k` db
gclg`ltrbgj÷l
gclg`ltrbgj÷l utjdjzbkb blt`s k`d nbddc.
?.
?. @d oct÷l C? s` vjsubdjzb gcl ul ocrk` rcmc qu`
pbrpbk`b.
@d bmust` k` C? s` pu`k` fckjnjgbr gcl `d oct÷l
k` C?.
7.
7. W` vjsubdjzb `d f`lsbm` k` bdbrfb "W= Gcfprcobr
gclg`ltrbgj÷l C?".
@d f`lsbm` k` bdbrfb “W= Gcltrcdbr gclg`ltrbgj÷l
k` C?" gclnjrfbrs`
pu`k` jlkjgb db gclfutbgj÷l b bfocs
gcl db t`gdb abs`s y lc
k` bdbrfb
sjd`lgjbkb.
;.
;. F`kjblt` pudsbgj÷l k`d oct÷l C? s` gclnjrfb db
gclg`ltrbgj÷ll bmustbkb.
gclg`ltrbgj÷
0.
0. B gcltjlubgj÷l, `d f`lsbm` k` bdbrfb yb lc sjau`
bgtjvc.
^`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb `l gbsc k` nbddc `l bdjf`ltbgj÷l

k` abs
¡Nbddc `l bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs!

U`djarc
U`djarc k` suf jljstrc jlsunj gj`lt` k` cxæa`lc
cxæa`lc
 Bsàur` ulb
ulb v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb bdt`rlbtjvb (p. `m. nu`dd` k` r`spjrbgj÷l
BK^@_[@LGJB fblubd).
@l gbsc k` ulb jlt`rrupgj÷l k` bfocs abs`s

kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb s` vjsubdjzb `d
f`lsbm` "Nbddc nu`lt` C? y bjr`. Kcsjnjgb. abs
nr`sgc k`t`ljkb—.
2.
2. Bsàur` db bsjst`lgjb k`d pbgj`lt` gcl ul sjst`fb
bdt`rlbtjvc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb (p. `m. nu`dd`
k` r`spjrbgj÷l fblubd).
25? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
_`spjrbgj÷l
:
^`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb k` ougd` g`rrbkc

Jljgjbr `d ougd` g`rrbkc
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
?.
7.
7. Bgtjv` db cpgj÷l Ougd` g`rrbkc.
g`rrbkc .
Gublkc db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb yb `stâ
trbobmblkc, gclfutb bd fckc k` ougd` g`rrbkc.
Gublkc `d `qujpc `stâ `l fckc stblkoy, `d fckc
k` ougd` g`rrbkc s` bgtjvb multc gcl db bgtjvbgj÷l
k` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
;.
;. Kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb `l fckc k`
ougd` g`rrbkc s` vjsubdjzb `d oct÷l C? `l gcdcr
g`d`st`.
@d `stbkc k`d pbgj`lt` s` vjsubdjzb `l `d
fcljtcrjzbgj÷l gcl ulb djoêdudb.
@d vbdcr `l db ouroumb k` djoêdudb jlkjgb `d vbdcr

bgtubd k` WpC?. Db pcsjgj÷l k` db ouroumb k`
djoêdudb vjsubdjzb `d vbdcr r`bd `l r`dbgj÷l bd rblac
r blac
com`tjvc `sp`gjnjgbkc=
`sp`gjnjgbkc=
 ^`rk` 6 WpC? `l rblac com`tjvc
 Bfbrjddc 6 Lcrfcx`fjb
 _cmc 6 WpC? d`v`f`lt` nu`rb k` rblac
k`stjlc
(tcd`rblgjb fâx.= +/- 2 k`d vbdcr dæfjt` sup/jln)
 @l gbsc k` ulb kjv`ra`lgjb fbycr, db ouroumb
k` djoêdudb p`rfbl`g` `l `d ocrk`
jzquj`rkc/k`r`ghc.
@d vbdcr dæfjt`
com`tjvc k` WpC jln`rjcr y sup`rjcr pbrb
f`lý`d Bm
? s` bmustb `l `d f`lý Bm
rblac
us t`s .
Uâa. >?
_`v ?.0.7 257
Gbpætudc
brtjnjgjbd
_`spjrbgj÷l
:
Ubusbr
Ubusbr `d oug
ougd`
d` g`rrbkc
2.
2. Fckjnjqu` fblubdf`lt` `d bmust` pbrb C?.
@d vbdcr bmustbkc pbrb C ? s` bpdjgb
jlf`kjbtbf`lt` y s` jlt`rrufp` db ràudbgj÷l k`
ougd` g`rrbkc. Kurblt` db pbusb pbrpbk`b db t`gdb
C?. @d gcultkcwl vjsubdjzbkc gu`ltb `d tj`fpc k`
pbusb hbstb ddàbr b g`rc.
?.
?. K`spuês k` 285 sàulkcs brrblgb
butcfâtjgbf`lt` db ràudbgj÷l k` ougd` g`rrbkc.
Multc gcl `d kjspbrc k`d ndumc k` C? s` jljgjb `d
gcultkcwl k` db pbusb r`stblt` k` ougd` g`rrbkc
k`spuês k` trblsgurrjr `d tj`fpc bmustbkc k`
ndush.
Fckc k` r`tcrlc
r`tcrl c k` ougd`
ougd ` g`rrbkc
g`rrbkc (Nbddo
(Nbddobgi)
bgi)
Db r`spjrbgj÷l k` ougd` g`rrbkc s` jlt`rrufp`

gublkc lc s` r`gjo` ul vbdcr k`sk` `d s`lscr
WpC? kurblt` :5 sàulkcs. Db v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb `s gcltjlubkb gcl dcs pbrâf`trcs
pr`bmustbkcs,
pr`bmustbkc s, sjl db ràudbgj÷l k` ougd` g`rrbkc.
Plb bdbrfb k` prjcrjkbk f`kjb gbrbgt`rjzb `d
fckc k` r`tcrlc (“Gcltrcd C? bocrtbkc—).
Db t`gdb C? yb lc s` jlkjgb `l gcdcr g`d`st`.
[`rfjlbr `d ougd` g`rrbkc
2.
f`lý Bmus
ust`s
t`s pr
pr`vj
`vjcs
cs `l
`l db
?.
7.
7. K`sbgtjv` `d ougd` g`rrbkc.
g`rrbkc .
Db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb s` gcltjlýb `l `d fckc
lcrfbd k` r`spjrbgj÷l gcl dcs pbrâf`trcs
pr`bmustbkcs.
25; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Nulgjcl`s `sp`gjbd`s
25
25.. Nulgjcl`s `sp`gjbd`s
25
Gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd

fblubd
@l gbkb fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb `xjst` db
pcsjojdjkbk k` r`bdjzbr gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs fblubd`s.
Db kurbgj÷l k` ul gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd `s

djfjtbkb.
↟ pbrb `d gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd Uâa.>2
Uâa.>2
Pl lu`vc gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd s` pu`k` r`bdjzbr
scdbf`lt` k`spuês k` trblsgurrjr ul tj`fpc k`
odcqu`c k` 5,? s.
@l gbsc k` ul dæfjt` k` vcduf`l k` k`tj`l`

butcfâtjgbf`lt` `d gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd gublkc
s` bdgblzb `d dæfjt` k` vcduf`l.
v cduf`l.
@l ulb r`spjrbgj÷l fblubd s` utjdjzb UFbx gcfc pr`sj÷l k` r`spjrbgj÷l gcl

abrbltæb k` vcduf`l (^[A).
¡U`djarc k` kbòcs pudfclbr`s p`rsjst`lt`s!
BK^@_[@LGJB  Ucl`r bt`lgj÷l `l `d
`d bmust`
bmust` pr`gjsc
pr`gjsc k` UFbx.
2.
2. Uuds` db t`gdb FBL
FBL pbrb
pbrb jljgjbr ul gjgdc
Kurblt` db pudsbgj÷l k` t`gdb s` kjspbrb ul gjgdc
_`v ?.0.7 250
Gbpætudc
`sp`gjbd`s
Nulgjcl`s
25
Kjspbrbrr ul ndumc k` C? (kughb k` cxæa`lc)

Kjspbrb
@l tckcs dcs fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb s` p`rfjt`
ulb or`v` kughb k` cxæa`lc (ndumc k` C ?) gcl fbycr
gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` C?. @stb kughb s` t`rfjlb
butcfâtjgbf`lt` k`spuês k` pbsbr `d tj`fpc
pr`bmustbkc c oj`l pu`k` s`r jlt`rrufpjkb
bltjgjpbkbf`lt`
bltjgjpbkbf` lt` pcr `d usubrjc.
Db gclg`ltrbgj÷l k`d ndumc k` C? bmustbkb pcr k`n`gtc

`s k` :5 pcr gj`ltc.
↟ Bmustbr db gclg`ltrbgj÷l
gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` ndumc C? Uâa. >5
Uâa. >5
Db kurbgj÷l k`d ndumc k` C ? bmustbkb pcr k`n`gtc `s
k` >5 sàulkcs.
↟
tj`fpc k` ndumc C? Uâa. >5
Bmust` k`d tj`fpc Uâa. >5
2.
2. Uuds` C? Ndush
Ndush pbrb
pbrb kjspbrbr `d ndumc k` C?.
?.
?. F`kjblt` ulb lu`vb pudsbgj÷l s` jlt`rrufp`
bltjgjpbkbf`lt` `d ndumc k` C?.
Ubusbr db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
@l tckcs
pbusb `ldcsdb fckcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.`sDbpcsjod`
pbusbr`bdjzbr ulb
s` t`rfjlb
butcfâtjgbf`lt` k`spuês k` ul fâxjfc k` ? fjlutcs,
p`rc pu`k` s`r jlt`rrufpjkb tbfojêl bltjgjpbkbf`lt`
bltjgjpbkbf`lt` pcr
`d usubrjc.
¡Psc lc bprcpjbkc!
U`djarc
U`djarc k` sufj ljstrc jlsunjg j`lt` k` cxæa`lc
cxæa`lc
 Db nulgj÷l k` stblkoy lc hb sjkc gclgòjkb pbrb `d prcg`sc k`
BK^@_[@LGJB bspjrbgj÷l. Lc s` r`bdjzb ulb k`t`ggj÷l k` db k`sgcl`xj÷l c r`gcl`xj÷l.
Db nulgj÷l k`d stblkoy k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb

p`rfjt` db busgudtbgj÷l k`d pudf÷l c oj`l db tcfb
k` rbkjcarbnæbs.
25> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
25
2.
2. Uuds` `d oct÷l Ubusb
Ubusb..
?.
W`d`ggjcl` Wæ
Wæ..
Db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb s` jlt`rrufp` kurblt` ul
fâxjfc k` ? fjlutcs.
F`kjblt` db s`d`ggj÷l k` Lc s`
Lc s` jlt`rrufp` `d
prcg`sc y lc s` prcg`k` gcl db jlt`rrupgj÷l k` db
7.
7. Uuds` db t`gdb Jljgjc
Jljgjc pbrb
pbrb t`rfjlbr db pbusb
bltjgjpbkbf`lt`.
Duàc s` r`tcrlb b db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
Ubusbr
Ubusbr a
abrbltæb
brbltæb k` vcduf`l
vcd uf`l
Kurblt` db r`spjrbgj÷l gcl abrbltæb k` vcduf`l (^[A) s`
vjsubdjzb `d oct÷l ^[A Ubusb
Ubusb qu`
qu` p`rfjt` gclfutbr b db
r`spjrbgj÷l gcltjlub sjl ^[A.
Db nulgj÷l "Ubusbr sjl abrbltæb k` vcduf`l"

pu`k` hbojdjtbrs` `l `d f`lý k` s`rvjgjc pcr pbrt`
k` ul têgljgc k` s`rvjgjc butcrjzbkc.
2.
2. Bggjcl` ^[A Ubusb
Ubusb pbrb
pbrb pbusbr db abrbltæb k`
vcduf`l.
?.
W`d`ggjcl` Wæ
Wæ..
^[A s` jlt`rrufp` kurblt` ul fâxjfc k` 8 fjl.
Kurblt` db pbusb ^[A sjau` v`ltjdâlkcs` gcl
gcltrcd k` pr`sj÷l `l `d ýdtjfc Up`bi. @l `st`
fcf`ltc `stâl k`sbgtjvbkbs dbs bdbrfbs
“^cduf`l lc bdgblzbkc—, “F^ obmc—, “Nuab
k`fbsjbkc bdtb—, “ Upjgc k`fbsjbkc obmb —.
_`v ?.0.7 251
Gbpætudc
`sp`gjbd`s
Nulgjcl`s
25
7.
7. Bggjcl` lu`vbf`lt` ^[A Ubusb
Ubusb pbrb
pbrb vcdv`r b db
r`spjrbgj÷l gcl abrbltæb k` vcduf`l.
Bspj
Bs pj rbgj÷
rbg j÷l
l gg`r
`rrbk
rbkb
b
@l gbsc k` ul usbr ul sjst`fb g`rrbkc k` bspjrbgj÷l
kò` s`d`ggjclbrs` ul fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l lc
sjlgrcljzbkc pbrb `vjtbr ulb ràudbgj÷l cpu`stb `l dcs
gjgdcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l sjlgrcljzbkcs (butctrjaa`rjla).
Gcl db abrbltæb k` vcduf`l bgtjvbkb pu`k` usbrs` db

nulgj÷l ^[A Ubusb qu` jlt`rrufp` db ràudbgj÷l k`
pr`sj÷l kurblt` ul tj`fpc k`t`rfjlbkc y cfjt` db
ràudbgj÷l cpu`stb. Db r`spjrbgj÷l s` gcltrcdb kurblt` db
^[A Ubusb pcr pr`sj÷l gcl dcs ýdtjfcs vbdcr`s k` pr`sj÷l
f`kjkcs pbrb gcls`rvbr db gclstblgjb k` vcduf`l.
258 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
22.
22. Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
[ckcs dcs vbdcr`s r`d`vblt`s pbrb db r`spjrbgj÷l, gcfc p.
`m. `d ndumc, `d vcduf`l k`d gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc y db pr`sj÷l k`
væb r`spjrbtcrjb pu`k`l vjsubdjzbrs` gcl arânjgcs `l
nulgj÷l k` tj`fpc c oj`l gcl
g cl ougd`s.
Dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l k` væb r`spjrbtcrjb,

nr`gu`lgjb, gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc y vcduf`l fjlutc
pu`k`l vjsubdjzbrs` gbkb 0 fjlutcs `l ulb tbodb pbrb
bsàurbr ul fcljtcrjzbgj÷l k` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
Bk`fâs `s pcsjod` vjsubdjzbr lufêrjgbf`lt` ctrcs

vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l, gcfc p. `m. db pr`sj÷l pcsjtjvb, db
pr`sj÷l `spjrbtcrjb njlbd, db pr`sj÷l f`kjb, `d tj`fpc f`kjc
k` jlspjrbgj÷l, `tg. Ctrbs cpgjcl`s k` gcfpbrbgj÷l
p`rfjt`l bd usubrjc
k` v`ltjdbgj÷l r`bdjzbr
f`gâljgb ulbbkbptbgj÷l
y ulb `vbdubgj÷l÷ptjfb
k` db gbdjkbk
k` dcs
pbrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb `l nulgj÷l k` dcs
r`qu`rjfj`ltcs `sp`gænjgcs k`d pbgj`lt`.
¡Bmust`s jlbprcpjbkcs k` pbrâf`trcs!

U`djarc
U`djarc k` sufj ljstrc jlsunj gj`lt` k` cxæa`lc
cxæa`lc
 Gcltrcd` p`rj÷kjgbf`lt` db sbturbgj÷l
sbturbg j÷l k` cxæa`lc y db gclg`ltrbgj÷l
gclg`ltrbgj ÷l k`
BK^@_[@LGJB GC? f`kjblt` ulb pudscxjf`træb y ulb gbplcf`træb, c oj`l f`kjblt` ul
blâdjsjs k`d abs sblauæl`c.
Jlkjgbgj÷l
Jlkjgbgj÷l k` dbs nulgjcl`s
nulgjc l`s / cpgjcl`s bgtjvbkbs
^jsubdjzbgj÷l
@l `d sàulkc gbfpc k` db obrrb sup`rjcr k` v`ltblb

s` jlkjgbl dbs nulgjcl`s y cpgjcl`s bgtubdf`lt`
s`d`ggjclbkbs=
 Abrbltæb k` vcduf`l (Â Â))
 Ubusb abrbltæb k` vcduf`l (Â Ubus
Ubusb b)
 Dæfjt` k` vcduf`l (^D)^D )
 UWcpcrt` (UWcpcrt`
(UWcpcrt`))
 _`grujtf`lt HNC (_@G _@G))
 Gdcs`k Dccp (GD-C?
GD-C?))
 Fckc k` lcgh` (f`kjb dulb bfbrjddb)
_`v ?.0.7 25:
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
@sgbdbkb
Db vjsubdjzbgj÷l k` dcs ougd`s y gurvbs s` pu`k` `sgbdbr
pbrb su bkbptbgj÷l b sus r`qu`rjfj`ltcs
r`qu`rjfj`ltcs bgtubd`s.
@d`f`ltcs k` fblkc
@l dbs kjn`r`lt`s vjsubdjzbgjcl`s `stâl kjspcljod`s
kjn`r`lt`s `d`f`ltcs k` fblkc.
K`spdbzbfj`ltc
K`spdbzbfj`ltc
K`spdbzb `d sjst`fb k` gccrk`lbkbs hbgjb db kjr`ggj÷l gcrr`spclkj`lt`
k` nd`ghb.
]ccf
Buf`ltb c r`kug` `d âr`b k` cos`rvbgj÷l `l db kjr`ggj÷l

gcrr`spclkj`lt` k` nd`ghb.
gcrr`spclkj`lt`
Butc
Bu tc`sg
`sgbdbkb
bdbkb
Bkbptb dbs vjsubdjzbgjcl`s k` arânjgcs y ougd`s butcfâtjgbf`lt`
butcfâtjgbf`lt` b dbs
gjrgulstblgjbs y gclkjgjcl`s k` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb bgtubdf`lt`
r`bdjzbkb.
Ubltbddb gcfpd`tb
U`rfjt` `d buf`ltc k` db vjsubdjzbgj÷l s`d`ggjclbkb `l ulb v`ltblb
fâs arblk`.
G`rrbr
Gj`rrb db v`ltblb gcrr`spclkj`lt`.
gcrr`spclkj`lt`.
225 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
Ptjdjzbgj÷l
Ptjdjzbgj÷l k` dcs `d`f`ltcs
`d`f`ltcs k` fblkc
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `l db pbltbddb prjlgjpbd `d `d`f`ltc k`
fblkc r`qu`rjkc.
@d `d`f`ltc k` fblkc `stâ fbrgbkc bhcrb gcl

ul nclkc gcdcr`bkc.
?.
?. Ajr` `d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc pbrb gbfojbr db
vjsubdjzbgj÷l.
7.
7. Gclnjrf` db `ltrbkb f`kjblt` pudsbgj÷l k`d oct÷l
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc c oj`l f`kjblt` pudsbgj÷l k`d
`d`f`ltc k` fblkc.
@d bmust` s` bg`ptb tbfojêl f`kjblt` pudsbgj÷l
`l ctrb pbrt` k` db pbltbddb.
_`v ?.0.7 222
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
Arânjgcs @stâl kjspcljod`s gubtrc jlkjgbgjcl`s k` gurvb=
 Ndumc / ^cd
 Ubw
 ^cd
 Ud`th
^jsubdjzbgj÷l
^jsubdjzbgj÷l k` arânjgcs
(2) [jpc k` arânjg c

Gbfojc `ltr` kjn`r`lt`s vjsubdjzbgjcl`s k`
arânjgcs
(?) ^jsubdjzbgj÷l k`d trj
trjaa`r
aa`r
Wæfocdc k` pudf÷l dd`lc, gcl `v`ltc k` trjaa`r
Wæfocdc k` nd`ghb pbrb jk`ltjnjgbgj÷l k`
bspjrbgjcl`ss gcl trjaa`r
bspjrbgjcl`
(7) K`spdbzbr
@sgbdbkb `d sjst`fb k` gccrk`lbkbs
@sgbdbkb gccrk`lbkbs hbgjb
brrjob c bobmc
22? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
(;) ]ccf
]ccf
Buf`ltbr c r`kugjr `d âr`b k` vjsubdjzbgj÷l
(0) Butc`sgbdbkb
Butc`sgbdbkb
K`t`rfjlbgj÷l butcfâtjgb k`d rblac ÷ptjfc k`
vjsubdjzbgj÷l
vjsubdjzbgj÷l
(>) Lýf`rc k` arânjg cs
cs
vjsubdjzbkcs
Gbltjkbk k` dcs arânjgcs vjsubdjzbkcs
(1) @m` k` tj`fpc
tj `fpc
Bkbptbgj÷l k`d `m` k` tj`fpc
tj`fpc
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr `d ttjp
jpcck
k`` arânj
ar ânjgc
gc
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `d `d`f`ltc k` fblkc [jpc k`
arânjgc..
arânjgc
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` ul tjpc k` arânjgc=
Ndumc, Ubw c ^cd
^cd
Dbs r`spjrbgjcl`s gcl trjaa`r s` jk`ltjnjgbl gcl
ul sæfocdc k` nd`ghb.
Bkbp
Bk bptbr
tbr `d `m
`m`` k` ttj`f
j`fpc
pc
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `d `d`f`ltc k` fblkc @m` k` tj`fpc.
tj`fpc .
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db `sgbdbkb r`qu`rjkb k`d `m` k`
tj`fpc=
? ‗ 75s
75s
Bkbp
Bk bptbr
tbr `d l
lýf
ýf`rc
`rc k ` arânj
ar ânjgc
gcss
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `d `d`f`ltc k` fblkc Lýf`rc k`
gurvbs..
gurvbs
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` `d lýf`rc k` arânjgcs qu` kò`l
vjsubdjzbrs` sjfudtâl`bf`lt`=
sjfudtâl`bf`lt`=
2 - 7
7
_`v ?.0.7 227
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
Arânjg
Arânjgcs
cs k` t`lk`lgjb
Dcs sjauj`lt`s vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l s` vjsubdjzbl pbrb `d
fcljtcrjzbgj÷l k` ulb v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb gcfc
arânjgcs k` t`lk`lgjb=
 Ubw
 Nr`g
 F^
 C?
 KGC?
 WpC?
Wjfudtâl`bf`lt` pu`k`l vjsubdjzbrs` hbstb ; arânjgcs.

Db jlkjgbgj÷l sjfudtâl`b pu`k` bprcv`ghbrs` pbrb db
vjsubdjzbgj÷l k` gcrr`dbgjcl`s. Dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l
s` bdfbg`lbl gbkb 0 sàulkcs.
^jsubdjzbgj÷l
^jsubdjzbgj÷l k` arânjgcs k` t`lk`lgjb
22; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
(2) [jpc k` arânjg c

Gclfutbgj÷l
Gclfutbgj÷
arânjgcs l `ltr` kjn`r`lt`s vjsubdjzbgjcl`s k`
(?) @sgbdbkb
@sgbdbkb
K`spdbzbr `d sjst`fb k` gccrk`lbkbs hbgjb
brrjob c bobmc
(7) ]ccf
]ccf
Buf`ltbr c r`kugjr `d âr`b k` vjsubdjzbgj÷l
(;) Butc`sgbdbkb
Butc`sgbdbkb
K`t`rfjlbgj÷l butcfâtjgb k`d rblac ÷ptjfc k`
vjsubdjzbgj÷l
vjsubdjzbgj÷l
(0) @m` k` tj`fpc
tj `fpc
tj`fpc
Bkbptbgj÷l k`d `m` k` tj`fpc
(>) Lýf`rc k` arânjgcs
arânjg cs
Lýf`rc k` arânjgcs vjsubdjzbkcs
Bkbp
Bk bptbg
tbgj÷
j÷l
lkk`
` arânj
ar ânjgc
gcss k`
k ` t`lk`l
t`l k`lgj
gjbb gcl
gc l `m`
`m ` k` tj`f
t j`fpc
pc
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `d `d`f`ltc k` fblkc @m` k` tj`fpc.
tj`fpc .
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` db `sgbdbkb r`qu`rjkb k`d`m` k`
tj`fpc=
25 fjl ‗ 1?h 55fjl
55fjl
Bkbp
Bk bptbr
tbr `d l
lýf
ýf`rc
`rc k ` arânj
ar ânjgc
gcss k`
k ` t`lk
t`l k `lgjb
`lg jb
2.
gurvbs..
gurvbs
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` `d lýf`rc k` arânjgcs qu` kò`l
sjfudtâl`bf`lt`=
2 - ;
;
_`v ?.0.7 220
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
[`lk`lgj
[`lk`lgjbb `l ncrfb k` tbodb
Dcs sjauj`lt`s vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l s` vjsubdjzbl gbkb 0

fjlutcs `l ncrfb k` tbodb pbrb `d fcljtcrjzbgj÷l k` ulb
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb=
 N`ghb/[j`fpc
 @v`ltc (Jljgjc y pbrbkb k` ulb v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
y k` ul fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb)
 ^bdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l (Up`bi, Uf`kjc, U@@U, F^, C?,
Nr`g)
_àjstrc k` `v`ltcs
@l `d ràjstrc k` `v`ltc pu`k`l r`vjsbrs`, sup`rvjsbrs` y
blbdjzbrs` gcl `d ràjstrc k` `v`ltcs, tckcs dcs bmust`s
bpdjgbkcs, bdbrfbs a`l`rbkbs y `v`ltcs cgurrjkcs `l `d
D`cljUdus.
22> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
W` vjsubdjzbl dcs sjauj`lt`s `v`ltcs=

Bdbrfbs a`l`rbkbs
Bgtjvbgj÷l y k`sbgtjvbgj÷l k`d `qujpc
Jljgjc y pbrbkb k` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
Gbfojc k`d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
Gbfojc k` dcs pbrâf`trcs k` r`spjrbgj÷l
_`bdjzbgj÷l k` ulb gbdjorbgj÷l
Gbfojc k` dcs dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb

_`v ?.0.7 221
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
Ougd`s
@stâl kjspcljod`s tr`s jlkjgbgjcl`s k` ougd`=
 Ndumc / ^cd
 U / ^cd
 U / Ndumc
^jsubdjzbgj÷l
^jsubdjzbgj÷l k
k`` ougd`s
ougd `s
(2) [jpc k` ougd `

Gclfutbgj÷l
Gclfutbgj÷ l `ltr` kjn`r`lt`s vjsubdjzbgjcl`s k`
ougd`s
(?) G`rrbr v`ltblb
v`lt blb
Gj`rrb db v`ltblb k` ougd`
(7) Ubltbddb gcfpd`tb
gcfp d`tb
Fbxjfjzb db vjsubdjzbgj÷l gcrr`spclkj`lt` k`
ougd`
(;) ^jsubdjzbgj÷l k` ougd `
Gcl ulb pudsbgj÷l kjr`gtbf`lt` `l `d ougd`, êst`
gclfutb b db vjsubdjzbgj÷l k` jfba`l gcfpd`tb
(0) Lýf`rc k` ougd `s
`s
sjfudtâl`bf`lt`
Gbltjkbk k` ougd`s vjsubdjzbkcs sjfudtâl`bf`lt`
228 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr tjtjpc
pc k ` ougd
ou gd`
`
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` `d `d`f`ltc k` fblkc [jpc k` ougd`.
ougd`.
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` ul tjpc k` ougd`=
Ndumc / ^cd, U / ^cd c U / Ndumc
Ndumc
Bkbp
Bk bptbr
tbr `d l
lýf
ýf`rc
`rc k ` ougd
ou gd`s
`s
2.
ougd`s..
ougd`s
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` `d lýf`rc k` ougd`s qu` kò`l
sjfudtâl`bf`lt`=
2 ÷ ?
Bdfbg
Bd fbg`lbr
`lbr ou
ougd
gd ` k` r`n`r
r `n`r`lg
`lgjj b
@s pcsjod` bdfbg`lbr ul ougd` y vjsubdjzbrs` gcfc

ougd` k` r`n`r`lgjb.
2.
2. Uuds` Ubusb
Ubusb `l
`l db vjsubdjzbgj÷l k` ougd`s.
W` gcla`db db vjsubdjzbgj÷l k` arânjgcs.
?.
?. Uuds` Aubrkbr .
W` bdfbg`lb `d ougd`.
7.
7. Uuds` Bgtjtj vbr .
Uuds` Bg
@d arânjgc bdfbg`lbkc s` vjsubdjzb gcfc ougd` k`

r`n`r`lgjb.
_`v ?.0.7 22:
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
^jsubdjzbgj÷l k` ougd`s `l pbltbddb gcfpd`tb
(2) [jpc k` ougd `

Gclfutbgj÷l `ltr` kjn`r`lt`s vjsubdjzbgjcl`s k`
ougd`s
(?) ]ccf hcrjzcltbd
hcrj zcltbd
Buf`ltb c r`kug` `d âr`b k` vjsubdjzbgj÷l `l
kjr`ggj÷l hcrjzcltbd
(7) K`spdbzbfj`ltc
K`spdbzb
K`spdbzb fj`ltc hcrjzcltbd
hcrjk`zcltbd
`d sjst`fb
gccrkjlbkbs
gccrkjlbkbs `l kjr`ggj÷l
hcrjzcltbd
(;) ]ccf v`rtjg bd
bd
Buf`ltb c r`kug` `d âr`b k` vjsubdjzbgj÷l `l
kjr`ggj÷l v`rtjgbd
(0) K`spdbzbfj`ltc
K`spdbzbfj`ltc v`rtjg bd
bd
K`spdbzb `d sjst`fb k` gccrkjlbkbs
gccrkjlbkbs `l kjr`ggj÷l
v`rtjgbd
(>) Butc`sgbdbkb
Butc`sgbdbkb
Bmustb butcfâtjgbf`lt` `d âr`b ÷ptjfc k`
vjsubdjzbgj÷l
(1) G`rrbr v`ltblb k` pbltbddb gcfpd`tb
gcfp d`tb
û`dv` b db vjsubdjzbgj÷l lcrfbd
2?5 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
22
Lufêrjgc
@l db vjsubdjzbgj÷l LPFÊ_JGC
LPFÊ_JGC s` vjsubdjzb
lufêrjgbf`lt` ulb arbl gbltjkbk k` vbdcr`s k`
f`kjgj÷l. Db bgtubdjzbgj÷l k` `stcs "vbdcr`s f`kjcs
bt`lu`bkcs" s` r`bdjzb k`spuês k` gbkb gjgdc
r`spjrbtcrjc, p`rc gcfc fâxjfc gbkb sàulkc.
@d bdgblg` k` dcs vbdcr`s lufêrjgcs gbdgudbkcs vbræb

`ltr` dcs kjn`r`lt`s fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
Db vjsubdjzbgj÷l LPFÊ_JGC lc s` pu`k` cfjtjr.

LPFÊ_JGC lc
Jlncrfbgj÷l scor` dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l=

↟ Dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l (vbdcr`s lufêrjgcs)
Uâa.8:
Uâa .8:
Gbfojbr
Gbfojbr vbdcr k` f`kjgj÷l vjsubdjzbkc
vjsubdjzbkc
2.
2. W`d`ggjcl` ul ^bdcr k` f`kjgj÷l `l
f`kjgj÷l `l db tbodb
lufêrjgb.
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` ul vbdcr k` f`kjgj÷l qu` k`s`b
vjsubdjzbr.
^bdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l qu` yb s` vjsubdjzbl, lc
pu`k`l s`r vjsubdjzbkcs lu`vbf`lt`.
Gclfutbr
Gclfut br b tbodb lufêrjgb
lufêrj gb
2.
2. Uuds` db t`gdb Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l c
c oj`l `d oct÷l
Gbfojbr tbodb `l
tbodb `l db tbodb lufêrjgb.
_`v ?.0.7 2?2
Gbpætudc
gcl obt`ræbs
Cp`rbgj÷l gcl
Cp`rbgj÷l
2?
2?
2?.. Cp`rbgj÷l gcl obt`ræbs
Cp`rbgj÷l gcl
gc l obt`ræbs
obt`ræbs
@l db cp`rbgj÷l k` obt`ræb orjddb `d D@K k` obt`ræb `l
gcdcr bfbrjddc.
W` vjsubdjzb ul f`lsbm` k` jlncrfbgj÷l. @st` pu`k`

t`gdb Bdbrf
gclnjrfbrs` f`kjblt` pudsbgj÷l k` db t`gdb Bd brfb
b
sjd`lgjbkb..
sjd`lgjbkb
@d sæfocdc k` cp`rbgj÷l k` obt`ræb s` jlkjgb `l gcdcr

v`rk` `l db obrrb k` tætudc.
Db kurbgj÷l ýtjd k` db obt`ræb pu`k` vbrjbr `l nulgj÷l

k`d tjpc k` obt`ræb jlstbdbkb.
Gcl r`spjrbgj÷l lcrfbd, `d tj`fpc k` obt`ræb bdgblzb
>5-?55 fjlutcs c fâs.
@l `d fckc HNC, db kurbgj÷l ýtjd k` db obt`ræb vbræb
`ltr` 20 y 2?5 fjlutcs y k`p`lk` k`d bmust`
bpdjgbkc.
Cos`rv` `d tj`fpc r`stblt` k` obt`ræb vjsubdjzbkc.

@st` s` gbdgudb pbrb `d fckc k` s`rvjgjc bgtubd.
¡_`kuggj÷l k` db kurbgj÷l ýtjd k` db obt`ræb `l gbsc k` ul gbfojc k`d fckc

k` cp`rbgj÷l!
K`sbgtjvbgj÷l
K`sbgtjvbgj÷l butcfâtjgb
butcfâtjgb k`d r`spjrbkcr
U_@GBPGJ×L @l ul gbfojc k`d fckc k` cp`rbgj÷l p. `m. b HNC, pu`k` r`kugjrs`
lctbod`f`lt` db kurbgj÷l ýtjd k` db obt`ræb.
 Db kurbgj÷l
kurbgj÷l ýtjd r`stblt`
r`stblt` k` db obt`ræb kò`
kò` sup`rvjsbrs`
sup`rvjsbrs` `l `d gbfojc k`
dcs bmust`s.
 @d `qujpc y pbgj`lt` kò`l `stbr gcltjlubf`lt` fcljtcr`bkcs kurblt` db
cp`rbgj÷l gcl obt`ræb.
 Db bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷ l k` gcrrj`lt`
gcrrj`lt ` k` r`k kò` r`stbod`g`rs`
r`stbod`g `rs` b tj`fpc.
2?? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Cp`rbgj÷l gcl obt`ræbs
2?
Cp`rbgj÷l k` r`k
@d D@K k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` r`k orjddb `l gcdcr v`rk`.
@d sæfocdc k` cp`rbgj÷l k` r`k s` jlkjgb `l gcdcr

v`rk` `l db obrrb k` tætudc.
K`spuês k` bprcx. 25 sàulkcs s` jlkjgb bquæ `d

`stbkc bgtubd k` gbrab k` db obt`ræb.
Bkv`r
Bk v`rt`l
t`lgj
gjbs
bs `l gbsc
gbs c k
k`` gbra
gbr a b obmb
obm b k` obt`r
o bt`ræb
æb
@l gbsc k` ul tj`fpc r`stblt` k` obt`ræb k` ?5, 25 y

0 fjlutcs s` vjsubdjzb ul kjâdcac qu` scdjgjtb
cos`rvbr `d tj`fpc r`stblt` k` db obt`ræb.
¡@l `st` gbsc kò` r`stbod`g`rs` ulb

bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` gcrrj`lt` pcr r`k `l gbsc k` s`r
pcsjod`!
B pbrtjr k` ulb kurbgj÷l ýtjd r`stblt` k` obt`ræb k` 25

fjlutcs s` jlkjgb `d sæfocdc k` obt`ræb `l bfbrjddc.
B pbrtjr k` ul tj`fpc r`stblt` k` obt`ræb k` 0 fjlutcs

s` jlkjgb `d tj`fpc r`stblt` gcl “40 fjl—.
Db bdbrfb Obt`ræb gbsj k`sgbrabkb s` vjsubdjzb

y s` `fjt` ulb bdbrfb bgýstjgb qu` bkvj`rt` bd
usubrjc scor` db jlfjl`lt` k`sbgtjvbgj÷l k`d `qujpc.
¡@l `st` gbsc kò` r`stbod`g`rs`

jlf`kjbtbf`lt` ulb bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` gcrrj`lt`
pcr r`k!
_`v ?.0.7 2?7
Gbpætudc
gcl obt`ræbs
Cp`rbgj÷l gcl
Cp`rbgj÷l
2?
K`sbgtjv
K`sbgtjvbgj÷l
bgj÷l k` `f`ra`lgjb gcl obt`ræb vbgæb
vbgæb
Gublkc `d tj`fpc r`stblt` k` obt`ræb bdgblzb `d vbdcr k`
5 fjlutcs, `d `qujpc s`òbdjzb `st` h`ghc bkjgjclbdf`lt`
gcl `d `fjscr k` bdbrfb k` r`spbdkc. @d `qujpc sjau`
trbobmblkc scdbf`lt` hbstb bdgblzbr ul uforbd grætjgc k`
t`lsj÷l y gclfutb duàc b ul `stbkc pbsjvc y sàurc. @d
`qujpc s` bpbab butcfâtjgbf`lt` k`spuês k` ctrcs kcs
fjlutcs pbrb `vjtbr ulb k`sgbrab tctbd.
¡Obmb pcr kòbmc k` tj`fpc r`stblt` k` obt`ræb!

K`sbgtjvbgj÷l
K`sbgtjvbgj÷l butcfâtjgb
butcfâtjgb k`d r`spjrbkcr
 @d `qujpc y pbgj`lt` kò`l `stbr gcltjlubf`lt` fcljtcr`bkcs kurblt` db
U_@GBPGJ×L cp`rbgj÷l gcl obt`ræb.
 Db bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷ l k` gcrrj`lt`
gcrrj`lt ` k` r`k kò` r`stbod`g`rs`
r`stbod`g `rs` b tj`fpc.
Gublkc db obt`ræb bdgblzb db kurbgj÷l r`sjkubd k` 5

fjlutcs, s` jlkjgb `d sæfocdc k` obt`ræb `l rcmc.
r cmc.
W` vjsubdjzb db bdbrfb Obt`ræb k`sgbrabkb y s`

`fjt` ulb bdbrfb bgýstjgb.
@d `qujpc t`rfjlb bhcrb tckbs dbs bgtjvjkbk`s k`

v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb y gclfutb b ul `stbkc pbsjvc y
sàurc qu` lc sjau` jlnduy`lkc bd pbgj`lt` `l ulb
`v`ltubd r`spjrbgj÷l prcpjb.
@st` `stbkc pu`k` r`pcl`rs` scdbf`lt`

f`kjblt` ul lu`vc brrblqu`. ¡W` kò`
r`stbod`g`r jlf`kjbtbf`lt` db bdjf`ltbgj÷l k`
gcrrj`lt` pcr r`k pbrb brrblgbr duàc
lu`vbf`lt` `d `qujpc!
¡Nulgj÷l ncrzbkb k`d `qujpc k`spuês k` k`sbgtjvbgj÷l butcfâtjgb!
! U`djarc k` k`sg brab tctbd k` db obt`ræb

 K`spuês k` db k`sbgtjvbgj÷l butcfâtjgb sjl bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` gcrrj`lt`
gcrrj`lt`
B[@LGJ×L pcr r`k lc kò` ncrzbrs` ulb lu`vb nulgj÷l k` `qujpc.
2?; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
27.. Bdbrfbs y `djfjlbgj÷l k` nbddcs

27
@d r`spjrbkcr kjstjlau` tr`s tjpcs k` bdbrfbs= Bdb
Bdbrfb
rfbss k`
pbgj`lt`, Bdb
Bdbrf
rfbs
bs k` sjs
sjst`f
t`fb b y Bdb
Bdbrfb
rfbs têgljgbs. @stbs
s têgljgbs
bdbrfbs s` bsjalbrcl gcl kjn`r`lt`s prjcrjkbk`s `l
nulgj÷l k` su ura`lgjb y s` vjsubdjzbl `l db v`ltblb k`
bdbrfbs sàýl su ljv`d k` ura`lgjb.
@d usubrjc pu`k` bmustbr dcs dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb pbrb dcs

bdbrfbs k` pbgj`lt`.
Pst`k tj`l` db pcsjojdjkbk k` r`vjsbr tckbs dbs bdbrfbs

a`l`rbkbs `l `d ràjstrc k` bdbrfbs.
Bmus t`s k` bdb

Bmust`s bdbrfb
rfb
_blac
_blac k` bmust` y fêtckc k` gâdgudc
_blacs k` bmust` k` dcs dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb
F^ YdV
YdV = 5,50 ‗ 25,5
^cduf`l gbdgudbkc k` fjlutcs = 5,55 ‗ ;,::
^[` YfdV
YfdV = ? ‗ ?05
Dæfjt` k` vcduf`l (dæfjt` sup`rjcr k`d pcsjod`
vcduf`l k` gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc)
Nuab Y%V
Y%V = 8 ‗ 255
Uêrkjkb pcrg`ltubd k` abs r`spjrbtcrjc `l tuocs k`
r`spjrbgj÷l
Y2/fjlV
Nr`g Y2/fjlV = 25 ‗ ??5
Lýf`rc k` gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs
r `spjrbtcrjcs pcr fjlutc
(nr`gu`lgjb r`spjrbtcrjb)
Bp l`b Ys`gV
Bpl`b Ys`gV = K@WG, > ‗ >5
Kurbgj÷l k` tj`fpc `l sàulkcs, k`spuês k` db
gubd ulb bpl`b kjspbrb ulb bdbrfb (nulgj÷l
pu`k` s`r k`sbgtjvbkb)
UU`bi YfobrV
YfobrV = 0 ‗ :5
Dæfjt`s `ltr` dcs gubd`s s` kò` bmustbr db pr`sj÷l = -25 ‗ ?5
k` jlspjrbgj÷l
_`v ?.0.7 2?0
Gbpætudc
y `djfjlbgj÷l k` nbddcs
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
_blacs k` bmust` k` dcs dæfjt`s k`

k ` bdbrfb
bdbrfb
Uf`kjc YfobrV
YfobrV = 2 ‗ 05
Dæfjt`s `ltr` dcs gubd`s s` kò` bmustbr db pr`sj÷l = -0 ‗ ;5
f`kjb `l `d HNC
GUBU YfobrV = ? ‗ 05
Dæfjt`s `ltr` dcs gubd`s kò` bmustbrs` `d ljv`d =5‗>
GUBU
GUBU
_blac k` C? Y%V
Y%V = 0 ‗ 75 % pcr scor` `d C? bmustbkc
`l `d gubd kò` csgjdbrs` db gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` = 0 ‗ 75 % kòbmc k`d C ? bmustbkc
cxæa`lc.
(Bmustbod` sj hb sjkc gclnjaurbkc `l `d s`rvjgjc.)
C? W`t Y%V
Y%V = ?> ‗ 255
_blac `l `d gubd s` pu`k` fcv`r `d bmust` C ? = 2> ‗ ?7
ràudbkc pcr `d ougd` g`rrbkc.
WpC? Y%V = 2,5 ‗ 255
_blac `l `d gubd s` pu`k` fcv`r `d vbdcr WpC ? = 5,5 ‗ ::,5
f`kjkc.
(Bmust`s pr`vjcs k` ougd` g`rrbkc= dæfjt` sup`rjcr
` jln`rjcr k`d rblac com`tjvc k` WpC?).
Gâdgudc
Gâdgudc k` dcs dæfjt`s butcfâtjgcs k` bdbrfb=
F^ YdV
YdV = 80 % pcr scor` `d vcduf`l f`kjkc k` fjlutcs
^cduf`l gbdgudbkc k` fjlutcs = 05 % pcr kòbmc k`d vcduf`l f`kjkc k` fjlutcs
^[` YfdV
YfdV = 75 % pcr scor` `d vcduf`l f`kjkc k` gjgdc
dæfjt` sup`rjcr k`d pcsjod` vcduf`l `sp. r`spjrbtcrjc
k` gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
r `spjrbtcrjc
Nuab Y%V
Y%V = 05 % pcr scor` db nuab f`kjkb k` tuoc, hbstb `d
Uêrkjkb pcrg`ltubd k` abs r`spjrbtcrjc `l vbdcr fâxjfc k` 05 % k` db nuab k` tuoc
tuocs k` r`spjrbgj÷l
Y2/fjlV
Nr`g Y2/fjlV = 05 % pcr scor` db nr`gu`lgjb f`kjkb
Lýf`rc k` gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs
r `spjrbtcrjcs pcr fjlutc
(nr`gu`lgjb r`spjrbtcrjb)
Bp l`b Ys`g

Bpl`b Y s`gVV = 25 s
Kurbgj÷l k` tj`fpc `l sàulkcs,
k`spuês k` db gubd ulb bpl`b kjspbrb
ulb bdbrfb
2?> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
Gâdgudc
Gâdgudc k` dcs dæfjt`s butcfâtjgcs k` bdbrfb=
UU`bi YfobrV
YfobrV = 7 pultcs pcr scor` db pr`sj÷l bmustbkb
Dæfjt`s `ltr` dcs gubd`s kò` bmustbrs` db = 7 pultcs pcr kòbmc k` db pr`sj÷l bmustbkb
pr`sj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l
YfobrV
Uf`kjc YfobrV = ?5 % pcr scor` `d U f`kjc bmustbkc
Dæfjt`s `ltr` dcs gubd`s kò` bmustbrs` db = ?5 % pcr kòbmc k`d Uf`kjc bmustbkc
pr`sj÷l f`kjb `l `d HNC
GUBU YfobrV = 7 fobr pcr scor` `d GUBU bmustbkc

Dæfjt`s `ltr` dcs gubd`s kò` bmustbrs` `d = 7 fobr pcr kòbmc k`d GUBU bmustbkc
ljv`d GUBU
C? Y%V = 0 % pcr scor` `d C? bmustbkc

_blac `l `d gubd pu`k` fcv`rs` db = 0 % pcr kòbmc k`d C? bmustbkc
gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc.
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr fbl
fblubd
ubd f`l
f`lt`
t` ddcs
cs dæfjt
dæf jt`s
`s k
k`` bdbrfb
bdbr fb k`
k ` pbgj`l
pbg j`lt`
t`
2.
2. Uuds` db t`gdb Dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb pbrb
bdbrfb pbrb vjsubdjzbr `d
dæfjt` k` vbdcr`s k` bdbrfb `l gbsc k` lc `stbr
vjsjod`s.
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` `d vbdcr dæfjt` r`qu`rjkc.
r `qu`rjkc.
7.
7. Bmust` `d vbdcr dæfjt` r`qu`rjkc.
;.
;. Gclnjrf` db `ltrbkb.
Ubrb `d bmust` k` dcs dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb pu`k` usbrs`
tbfojêl `d oct÷l pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc.
↟ Gbfojbr dcs vbdcr`s k` pbrâf`trc gcl `d oct÷l
pudsbkcr/ajrbtcrjc Uâa.72
_`v ?.0.7 2?1
Gbpætudc
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
Bm ustbr
Bmus tbr butcf
but cfâtj
âtjgbf
gbf`lt
`lt`` dcs
dc s ddæfj
æfjt`s
t`s k` bdbr
bd brfb
fb k`
k`
pbgj`lt`
2.
2. Uuds` db t`gdb Dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb pbrb
bdbrfb pbrb vjsubdjzbr `d
dæfjt` k` vbdcr`s k` bdbrfb `l gbsc k` lc `stbr
vjsjod`s.
?.
?. Uuds` Butc
Uuds` Bu tc-Bm
-Bmus
ust`
t`..
7.
7. W` vjsubdjzb ulb gclsudtb k` sàurjkbk.
W`d`ggjcl` Wæ
Wæ..
Dcs dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb s` gbdgudbl y bmustbl
butcfâtjgbf`lt` pbrb `d `stbkc bgtubd.
↟ _blac k` bmust` y fêtckc k` gâdgudc Uâa. 2?0
Uâa. 2?0
F`kjblt` db s`d`ggj÷l k` Lc s`
Lc s` jlt`rrufp` `d
prcg`sc y lc s` prcg`k` gcl `d gbfojc k` dcs
dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb.
Bmus
Bm ustbr
tbr vc
vcdu
duf`l
f`l k` bdbrf
bd brfb
b
↟ Bmustbr vcduf`l
vcduf`l k` bdbrfb
bdbrfb Uâa. >7
Uâa. >7
2?8 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
F`
F`ls
lsbm`s
bm`s k` bdbrfb
Urjcrjkbk`s
Urjcr jkbk`s k` bdbrfb
bdbrfb
@l nulgj÷l k` db ura`lgjb k` dcs f`lsbm`s k` bdbrfb,
kjstjlau` `d `qujpc `ltr` kcs tjpcs k` prjcrjkbk`s. @stbs
s` jk`ltjnjgbl pcr ulb s`gu`lgjb `sp`gænjgb k` scljkcs y
ulb bsjalbgj÷l k` gcdcr`s k` dcs f`lsbm`s k` bdbrfb.
Urjcrjkbk bdtb=
_`quj`r` ulb bggj÷l jlf`kjbtb pbrb r`f`kjbr ul
`stbkc gcl p`djarc k` fu`rt` (p. `m. tuocs
k`sgcl`gtbkcs).
@d tclc k` bdbrfb su`lb gcl s`gu`lgjb râpjkb.
Urjcrjkbk f`kjb=
_`quj`r` ulb bggj÷l pr÷xjfb pbrb pr`v`ljr ul `stbkc
gcl p`djarc k` fu`rt` (p. `m. bdbrfbs k` pbgj`lt`).
@d tclc k` bdbrfb su`lb gcl s`gu`lgjb d`ltb.
F`lsbm` k` jlncrfbgj÷l=
Dcs f`lsbm`s k` jlncrfbgj÷l sjrv`l gcfc
jlncrfbgj÷l pbrb `d usubrjc. @stcs lc r`quj`r`l k`
ulb jlt`rv`lgj÷l jlf`kjbtb.
jlf`kjbtb. Lc costblt`, `d usubrjc
kò` tcfbr `v`ltubdf`lt` dbs f`kjkbs k` pr`gbugj÷l
p`rtjl`lt`s c oj`l jljgjbr f`kjkbs bprcpjbkbs.
Dcs f`lsbm`s k` jlncrfbgj÷l pu`k`l gclnjrfbrs` gcl
t`gdb Bdbrf
db t`gdb Bd brfb
b `l fukc
fu kc..
_`v ?.0.7 2?:
Gbpætudc
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
^jsubdjzbgj÷l k`
k ` bdbrfbs
bdbrfbs
Dbs bdbrfbs p`lkj`lt`s s` vjsubdjzbl `l db obrrb k`

bdbrfbs. @stc s` r`bdjzb `l db s`gu`lgjb k` su prjcrjkbk.
@l gbsc k` pr`s`ltbrs` fâs k` tr`s bdbrfbs

sjfudtâl`bf`lt`, s` s`òbdjzb `stc `l db obrrb k` bdbrfbs
gcl ul sæfocdc bfbrjddc k` nd`ghb. F`kjblt` pudsbgj÷l k`d
sæfocdc k` nd`ghb pu`k` vjsubdjzbrs` ulb djstb gcl tckbs
dbs bdbrfbs bgtubdf`lt` p`lkj`lt`s.
p`lkj`lt`s.
Dbs bdbrfbs s` s`òbdjzbl bkjgjclbdf`lt` tbfojêl gcl

(D@K k` bdbrfb)
ulb jlkjgbgjcl dufjlcsb rcmb (D@K bdbrfb) y ul tclc
k` bkv`rt`lgjb.
bkv`rt`lgjb.
2.
2. Bggjcl` `l db obrrb k` bdbrfb `d sæfocdc k` nd`ghb
pbrb borjr ulb djstb gcl dbs bdbrfbs bgtubd`s.
?.
?. W` vjsubdjzb ulb djstb `l db gubd s` `lgu`ltrbl
tckbs dbs bdbrfbs bgtjvbs.
Gcl dcs `d`f`ltcs k` fblkc `s pcsjod` hcm`br `l
db djstb hbgjb bk`dblt` y btrâs.
7.
7. Bggjcl` `l db obrrb k` bdbrfb `d sæfocdc k` nd`ghb
pbrb g`rrbr db djstb.
;.
;. K`spuês k` db pudsbgj÷l k`d sæfocdc _àjstrc k`
bdbrfbs s`
bdbrfbs s` bor` `d ràjstrc k` bdbrfbs.
@d ràjstrc k` bdbrfbs gcltj`l` tckbs dbs bdbrfbs
a`l`rbkbs hbstb `st` fcf`ltc, gdbsjnjgbkbs `l
crk`l grclcd÷ajgc.
275 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
0.
0. @d sæfocdc bfbrjddc k` jlkjgbgj÷l scdjgjtb bd usubrjc
r`vjsbr dbs bdbrfbs `l `d ràjstrc k` bdbrfbs.
W` vjsubdjzb `d sæfocdc k` jlkjgbgj÷l `l gbsc k`
r`pcl`r ulb bdbrfb gcl bdtb prjcrjkbk, sjl qu` `d
usubrjc hbyb r`bggjclbkc kurblt` db a`l`rbgj÷l k`
`stb bdbrfb.
@d sæfocdc s` r`pcl` lu`vbf`lt` k`spuês k` borjr
`d ràjstrc k` bdbrfbs.
Bdbr
Bd brfbs
fbs `l fuk
f ukc
c
2.
2. Uuds` db t`gdb Bd
t`gdb Bdbrf
brfb
b `l fukc
fu kc..
Dbs bdbrfbs k` pbgj`lt` s` k`mbl kurblt` kcs
fjlutcs `l fukc.
@stc lc bn`gtb b dbs bdbrfbs têgljgbs k` bdtb
prjcrjkbk y dcs bdbrfbs k` sjst`fb.
Kurblt` `st` tj`fpc orjddb `d D@K `l db t`gdb `l
bfbrjddc, fj`ltrbs `d D@K k` bdbrfb sjau`
bdbrfb sjau` orjddblkc
p`rfbl`lt`f`lt` `l rcmc.
@st` sæfocdc jlkjgb `l db pbltbddb db kurbgj÷l k` db

gclfutbgj÷l bd fckc fukc.
Gcl db pudsbgj÷l k` db t`gdb Bd

t`gdb Bd brfb
brf b `l fu kc
pu`k`l k`mbrs` dbs bdbrfbs bltjgjpbkbf`lt` `l
fukc kurblt` ? fjlutcs.
@stc lc bn`gtb b dbs bdbrfbs têgljgbs k` bdtb
prjcrjkbk y dcs bdbrfbs k` sjst`fb.
_`v ?.0.7 272
Gbpætudc
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
^jsubdjzbr `d ràjstrc k` bdbrfbs

bdbrfbs
@l `d ràjstrc k` bdbrfb s` ràjstrbl grclcd÷ajgbf`lt` y
bdfbg`lbl tckcs dcs f`lsbm`s k` bdbrfb. Dcs kbtcs s`
fbltj`l`l `l gbsc k` ulb k`sbgtjvbgj÷l gcrr`gtb k`d
`qujpc y `stâl kjspcljod`s k`spuês k` ul r`jljgjc.
[bfojêl s` ràjstrb `d tj`fpc k` k`sbgtjvbgj÷l k`d
`qujpc. @l gbsc k` nbddb k` r`k jltàrbd s` pj`rk`l dcs
kbtcs qu` s` bgufudbrcl k`sk` db ýdtjfb k`sbgtjvbgj÷l
gcrr`gtb.
W` prcg`k` gcl db `djfjlbgj÷l k` dcs kbtcs fâs bltjaucs

gublkc s` bdgblzb `d dæfjt` k` gbpbgjkbk k` db f`fcrjb
k`d ràjstrc k` bdbrfbs.
2.
2. Uuds` db t`gdb Dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb,
bdbrfb, pbrb vjsubdjzbr
dcs vbdcr`s k` dæfjt` k` bdbrfb `l gbsc k` lc `stbr
vjsjod`s.
?.
?. W`d`ggjcl` _àjstrc.
_àjstrc.
W` bor` db v`ltblb k` ràjstrc k` bdbrfb.
7.
7. Gcl dcs `d`f`ltcs k` fblkc `s pcsjod` hcm`br `l
db djstb hbgjb bk`dblt` y btrâs.
@d ràjstrc k` bdbrfb pu`k` vjsubdjzbrs` `l db obrrb

k` bdbrfbs tbfojêl gcl `d sæfocdc _`_àjstrc
ajstrc k`
bdbrfbs..
bdbrfbs
27? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
@djfjlbgj÷l
@djfjlbgj÷l k` `rrcr`s
F`lsbm`s
F`lsbm`s k` `rrcr ‗ Bdbrfbs k` pbgj`lt`
F`lsbm` k`
Urjcrjkbk Njdtrc Ucsjod`s gbusbs Ucsjod`s r`f`kjcs
r`f`kjcs
bdbrfb
Bpl`b
Bp l`b Bdtc ̾  Zb lc s` k`t`gtb ulb  Gbfojbr fckc k`
r`spjrbgj÷l v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
`spcltâl`b k`d  @djfjlbr `st`lcsjs
pbgj`lt`
 @st`lcsjs
`l/k`spuês k`
sjst`fb k` tuoc
Ur`sj÷l F`kjc ? gjgdcs  U`rf`bojdjkbk
U`rf`bojdjk bk `l  Gcltrcdbr tuoc k`
`stbod`gjkb r`spjrbtcrjcs sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb jlspjrbgj÷l y
lc sàujkcs `l dbkc k` `qujpc gcl`xj÷l k`
bdgblzbod` (blt`s k` s`lscr k` jlspjrbgj÷l
ndumc, `l pj`zb `l Z)  Gcltrcdbr tuoc
 U`rf`bojdjkbk
U`rf`bojdjk bk `l  Buf`ltbr ndumc
vâdvudb k` jlspjrbgj÷l
 Nuab `l tuoc
 Ndumc fuy obmc
Nr`gu`lgjb F`kjc 7 gjgdcs  Hjp`rv`ltjdbgj÷l  Bkbptbr dæfjt`s k`

k`fbsjbkc r`spjrbtcrjcs  _`spjrbgj÷l bdbrfb
bdtb sàujkcs `spcltâl`b bkjgjclbd  _àudbr bmust` k`
k`d pbgj`lt` nr`gu`lgjb

r`spjrbtcrjb
 Bkbptbr `d fckc k`
F^ obmc Bdtc 7 gjgdcs  Gbfojc k`  Buf`ltbr UJU c

r`spjrbtcrjcs gcfpdjblgjb gbfojbr vbdcr dæfjt`
sàujkcs pudfclbr
F^ bdtc
bdtc F`kjc 7 gjgdcs  Gbfojc k`  _`kugjr UJU c
r`spjrbtcrjcs gcfpdjblgjb buf`ltbr vbdcr dæfjt`
sàujkcs pudfclbr
_`v ?.0.7 277
Gbpætudc
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
F`lsbm` k`
r`f`kjcs
bdbrfb
U@@U bdtb F`kjc 7 gjgdcs  [uoc k` `spjrbgj÷l  Gcltrcdbr `d sjst`fb

r`spjrbtcrjcs odcqu`bkc, kcodbkc k` tuo`ræb
sàujkcs  F`forblb U@@U  Buf`ltbr `d ndumc k`
kbòbkb `spjrbgj÷l
 F`forblb k` vâdvudb
k` `spjrbgj÷l fbd
bs`ltbkb
 W`lscr k` ndumc
k`n`gtucsc
Ur`sj÷l F`kjc 7 gjgdcs  Lc s` pu`k`  Gcltrcdbr `d sjst`fb

U@@U lc r`spjrbtcrjcs bdgblzbr `d bmust` k` k` tuo`ræb
bdgblzbkb sàujkcs pr`sj÷l U``p.  Buf`ltbr `d ndumc k`
 Nuab fuy arblk` `spjrbgj÷l
^cduf`l lc Bdtc < 20s  Bmust` k` pr`sj÷l k`  Fckjnjgbr bmust` k`

bdgblzbkc jlspjrbgj÷l pr`sj÷l k`
pr`fbturbf`lt` jlspjrbgj÷l
bdgblzbkc  Buf`ltbr tj`fpc k`
jlspjrbgj÷l
 Gbfojbr vbdcr
pr`k`njljkc k`
vcduf`l
Dæfjt` k` Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  Gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc  Fckjnjgbr bmust` k`

vcduf`l jlt`rrufpjkc, yb qu` pr`sj÷l k`
bdgblzbkc s` bdgblz÷ `d dæfjt` jlspjrbgj÷l
k` vcduf`l  Gbfojbr vbdcr
`sp`gjnjgbkc pr`k`njljkc k`
vcduf`l
Upjgc Bdtc HNC= < 7 s  Bmust` k` pr`sj÷l k`  Bkbptbr dæfjt` k`
k`fbsjbkc [ckcs dcs jlspjrbgj÷l sup`rjcr bdbrfb Up`bi
bdtb k`fâs fckcs bd dæfjt` k` bdbrfb
k` v`ltjdbgj÷l Up`bi
f`gâljgb= 7
gjgdcs
r`spjrbtcrjcs
sàujkcs
27; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
F`lsbm` k`
r`f`kjcs
bdbrfb
Upjgc Bdtc HNC= < 2 s  Lc s` pu`k`  Fckjnjgbr bmust` k`

k`fbsjbkc [ckcs dcs bdgblzbr `d bmust` k` pr`sj÷l k`
obmb k`fâs fckcs pr`sj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l
k` v`ltjdbgj÷l jlspjrbgj÷l, tj`fpc  Bkbptbr dæfjt` k`
f`gâljgb= 7 k` jlspjrbgj÷l fuy bdbrfb Up`bi
gjgdcs gcrtc
r`spjrbtcrjcs
sàujkcs
`xg`sc k` Bdtc <2s  ^âdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l  Gcltrcdbr db

Uf`kjb k`n`gtucsb f`forblb k` db
vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l
Uf`kjb Bdtc <2s  Nbdtb ndumc k`  Gcltrcdbr `d tuoc k`

jlsunjgj`lt` jlspjrbgj÷l jlspjrbgj÷l
Nuab F`kjc 7 gjgdcs  U`rf`bojdjkbk
U`rf`bojdjk bk `l  Gcltrcdbr db tuo`ræb
k`fbsjbkc r`spjrbtcrjcs sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb `l `d s`lscr k` ndumc
bdtb sàujkcs `ltr` s`lscr k` ndumc k`d pbgj`lt`
y pbgj`lt`  _``fpdbzbr `d tuoc
 [uoc fuy p`qu`òc  Gcltrcdbr `d odcqu`c
 Nuab k` bjr` `l tuoc
Ur`sj÷l Bdtc ̾  [uoc k` jlspjrbgj÷l

jlspjrbgj÷ l  Gcltrcdbr `d tuoc k`
`xg`sjvb `l odcqu`bkc, kcodbkc jlspjrbgj÷l
tuoc
jlspjrbgj÷l
Ur`sj÷l Bdtc ̾  [uoc k` `spjrbgj÷l  Gcltrcdbr `d tuoc k`

`xg`sjvb `l odcqu`bkc, kcodbkc `spjrbgj÷l
tuoc
`spjrbgj÷l
Bf pdjtjtuk
Bfpd uk Bdtc ̾  Lc s` pu`k`  Bkbptbr `d bmust` k`
HNC lc bdgblzbr db bfpdjtuk bfpdjtuk HNC
bdgblzbkb HNC bmustbkb.
Gcfprcobr Jlncrfbgj÷l Kurblt`  Bmust` k` pr`sj÷l k`  Gcltrcdbr `d bmust`

bmust`s k` pbusb ^[A jlspjrbgj÷l s` k` pr`sj÷l k`
pr`sj÷l fckjnjg÷ `l jlspjrbgj÷l
k`sbgtjvbgj÷l k`
abrbltæb k` vcduf`l
_`v ?.0.7 270
Gbpætudc
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
F`lsbm` k`
r`f`kjcs
bdbrfb
K`sgcl`xj÷l Bdtc ̾  [uoc k` jlspjrbgj÷l

jlspjrbgj ÷l  Gcltrcdbr `d sjst`fb
k`sgcl`gtbkc k` tuo`ræb
 [uoc k` `spjrbgj÷l
k`sgcl`gtbkc
 [uoc k` pr`sj÷l
k`sgcl`gtbkc
 [uoc k`sgcl`gtbkc
[uocs Bdtc _`sjst`lgjb= 7  [uoc  Gcltrcdbr `d tuoc

costrujkcs gjgdcs costrujkc/kcodbkc
r`spjrbtcrjcs
_`sjst`lgjb
HNC= 25 s
Ndumc= 70 s
C? Bdtc >s  Db gclg`ltrbgj÷l
gclg`ltrbg j÷l k`  Kjræm`s` bd p`rsclbd
jlsunjgj`lt` C? s` k`svæb k`d têgljgc.
`xg`sc k` vbdcr `sp`gjnjgbkc.
`sp`gjnjgbkc.  Gcltrcdbr db
C? bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs.
 Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr k`
cxæa`lc.
WpC? fuy Bdtc 25 s  Wbturbgj÷l k`  Gcltrcdbr `d bmust`

obmc cxæa`lc fuy obmb k` C?
 W`lscr WpC? lc  Gcltrcdbr `d s`lscr
gcrr`gtbf`lt` k` WpC?
gcdcgbkc
WpC? fuy Bdtc 25 s  Wbturbgj÷l k`  Gcltrcdbr `d bmust`

bdtc cxæa`lc fuy bdtb k` C? /
 Bmust` k` C? fuy gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` C?
bdtc
C? Bmt fuy F`kjc >s  Bmust` k` C? fuy  Gcltrcdbr `d bmust`

obmc obmc k` C?
C? Bmt fuy F`kjc >s  Bmust` k` C? fuy  Gcltrcdbr `d bmust`

bdtc bdtc k` C?
^t` bdtc F`kjc 7 gjgdcs  Ur`sj÷l k`  Gcltrcdbr db pr`sj÷l

r`spjrbtcrjcs jlspjrbgj÷l fuy bdtb k` jlspjrbgj÷l
sàujkcs
^t` obmc F`kjc 7 gjgdcs  Ur`sj÷l k`  Gcltrcdbr db pr`sj÷l

r`spjrbtcrjcs
sàujkcs 
jlspjrbgj÷l fuy obmb
W`lscr k` ndumc 
k` jlspjrbgj÷l
Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr k`
k`n`gtucsc ndumc
27> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
F`lsbm` k`
r`f`kjcs
bdbrfb
GUBU fuy Bdtc ̾  Ur`sj÷l GUBU fuy  Gcltrcdbr db pr`sj÷l

bdtc bdtb GUBU
 Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb  Gcltrcdbr `d sjst`fb
lc gcrr`gtbf`lt`
g crr`gtbf`lt` k` tuo`ræb
gcl`gtbkc
GUBU fuy Bdtc ̾  Ur`sj÷l GUBU fuy  Gcltrcdbr db pr`sj÷l

obmc obmb GUBU
 Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb  Gcltrcdbr `d sjst`fb
lc gcrr`gtbf`lt`
g crr`gtbf`lt` k` tuo`ræb
gcl`gtbkc
 Nuab k`t`gtbkb
^[ F`kjc 25 gjgdcs  Ur`sj÷l k`  Gcltrcdbr db pr`sj÷l

k`fbsjbkc r`spjrbtcrjcs jlspjrbgj÷l fuy bdtb k` jlspjrbgj÷l
bdtc
^[ F`kjc 25 gjgdcs  Ur`sj÷l k`  Gcltrcdbr db pr`sj÷l

k`fbsjbkc r`spjrbtcrjcs jlspjrbgj÷l fuy obmb k` jlspjrbgj÷l
obmc
F`lsbm`s
F`lsbm`s k` `rrcr ‗ Bdbrfbs k` sjs
sjst`fb
t`fb
F`lsbm` k`
r`f`kjcs
bdbrfb
Nbddc `l Bdtc ?s  Ur`sj÷l fuy bdtb c fuy  Gcltrcdbr db

sufjljstrc C? obmb `l bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l g`ltrbd
cxæa`lc k` abs
Nbddc `l Bdtc ?s  Ur`sj÷l fuy bdtb c fuy  Gcltrcdbr db

sufjljstrc Bjr` obmb `l bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l g`ltrbd
cxæa`lc k` abs
¡Nbddc `l bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs!

Gclfutbgj÷l bd abs r`stblt`
 Cos`rv` `d ljv`d
ljv`d k` sbturbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc.
U_@GBPGJ×L
↟ ^`ltjdbgj÷l F`gâljgb `l gbsc k` nbddc `l bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs Uâa. 252
Uâa. 252
_`v ?.0.7 271
Gbpætudc
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
F`lsbm` k`
r`f`kjcs
bdbrfb
W`lscr
W`lscr k ` ndumc Bdtc ;,5 s  @d s`lscr k` ndumc  Gcltrcdbr `d s`lscr k`
gcltbfjlbkc (NQ) `stâ sugjc c ndumc
k`n`gtucsc.  _``fpdbzbr
_``fpdbzbr `d s`lscr
k` ndumc
@qujpc Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  Bdjf`ltbgj÷l k`  _`stbod`g`r db

nulgjclblkc gcl gcrrj`lt` lc bdjf`ltbgj÷ll k`
bdjf`ltbgj÷
obt`ræbs kjspcljod` gcrrj`lt`
Cos`r rultjf`
Cos`r Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  Kurbgj÷l ýtjd  _`stbod`g`r db
obt`ræb r`stblt` k` obt`ræb bdjf`ltbgj÷ll k`
bdjf`ltbgj÷
`s jln`rjcr b ?5 gcrrj`lt`
fjlutcs
Obt`ræb gbsj F`kjc + ̾  Fuy prcltc s` db  _`stbod`g`rldbk`

k`sgbrabkb Bdtc < ?5 s hborâ bdgblzbkc bdjf`ltbgj÷
bdjf`ltbgj÷l
kurbgj÷l ýtjd gcrrj`lt`
fâxjfb k` db
obt`ræb.
Obt`ræb Bdtc ̾  Db obt`ræb `stâ  _`stbod`g`r db

k`sgbrabkb bactbkb. bdjf`ltbgj÷ll k`
bdjf`ltbgj÷
^`ltjdbgj÷l gcrrj`lt`
f`gâljgb
k`t`ljkb.
Obt`ræb Bdtc < ?5 s  Db obt`ræb `stâ  _`stbod`g`r db

k`sgbrabkb bactbkb. bdjf`ltbgj÷ll k`
bdjf`ltbgj÷
Bd
Bdjf
jf`lt
`ltbgj
bgj÷l
÷l k` gcrrj`lt`
gcrrj`lt` fuy
obmb.
Gcfprcobr F`kjc ̾  Gclg`ltrbgj÷l
Gclg`ltrbgj ÷l k`  Gcltrcdbr db
gclg`ltrbgj÷l C? C? s` fckjnjg÷ pcr gclg`ltrbgj÷l
gclg`ltrbgj÷ l k` C?
`d sjst`fb
Nbddc `l Bdtc 0s  Nbddc `l  Gcltrcdbr db

sufjljst rc C?. bdjf`ltbgj÷l bdjf`ltbgj÷l
bdjf`ltbgj÷ l g`ltrbd k`
Abs nr`sgc `s Bjr` g`ltrbd k` cxæa`lc abs
Nbddc `l Bdtc 0s  Nbddc `l  Gcltrcdbr db

sufjljstrc Bjr`. bdjf`ltbgj÷l bdjf`ltbgj÷l
Bj
Bjr`
r` nr`s
n r`sc
c `s C?. g`ltrbd k` bjr` abs
Nbddc nu`lt` C? y Bdtc 0s  Nbddc `l  Gcltrcdbr db

bjr`. Kcsjnjgb. abs bdjf`ltbgj÷l bdjf`ltbgj÷l
?
nr`sgc k`t`ljkb. g`ltrbd
bjr` k` C y abs
278 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
F`lsbm` k`
r`f`kjcs
bdbrfb
Gbod` k` F`kjc 75 s  Gbod` k` s`lscr  Gcltrcdbr `d s`lscr y

cxjf`trjb lc k`sgcl`gtbkc gbod`
gcl`gtbkc
W`lscr WpC? lc F`kjc ̾  Gbod` k` s`lscr  Gcltrcdbr `d s`lscr y

gcl`gtbkc k`sgcl`gtbkc gbod`
@rrcr k` F`kjc ̾  Gbod` k` s`lscr  Gcltrcdbr `d s`lscr y

gcfuljgbgj÷l k`sgcl`gtbkc gbod`
WpC?
Nbddc k`d s`lscr F`kjc 25 s  Gbod` k` s`lscr  Gcltrcdbr `d s`lscr y

WpC? k`sgcl`gtbkc gbod`
 
Nbddc gbod`
cxjf`trjb F`kjc ̾ k`sgcl`gtbkc
Gbod` k` s`lscr gbod`
Gcltrcdbr `d s`lscr y
C? gcltrcdbk Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  Nulgj÷l k` ougd` ̾

g`rrbkc bgtjvbkb.
C? s` ràudb
butcfâtjgbf`lt`.
C? gcltrcd F`kjc :5 s  Nulgj÷l k` ougd`  Gcltrcdbr pcr obmb

bocrtbkc g`rrbkc s`òbd k` WpC?
jlt`rrufpjkb.. C?
jlt`rrufpjkb  Gcltrcdbr pcr obmb
lc s` ràudb jlt`lsjkbk k` s`òbd
butcfâtjgbf`lt`.
 Gcltrcdbr pcr fbd
bsj`ltc k`d s`lscr
Ubusb k` dbzc Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  Ubusb `l nulgj÷l ̾

k` ougd` g`rrbkc.
@d bmust` k` C? s`
fckjnjg÷
fblubdf`lt`.
U`rnusj÷l obmb F`kjc ̾  W`lscr  Gcltrcdbr pcr fbd

k`sgcl`gtbkc bsj`ltc k`d s`lscr
WpC?= W`lscr F`kjc ̾  W`lscr  Gcltrcdbr pcr fbd

nu`rb k` pbgj`lt` k`sgcl`gtbkc bsj`ltc k`d s`lscr
WpC?= Gbod` lc F`kjc ̾  Gbod` k` s`lscr  Gcltrcdbr `d gbod`

gcl`gtbkc k`sgcl`gtbkc
WpC?= W`lscr F`kjc ̾  W`lscr  Gcltrcdbr `d s`lscr

bkh`sjvc
bkh`sjvc lc k`sgcl`gtbkc
gcl`gtbkc
_`v ?.0.7 27:
Gbpætudc
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
F`lsbm` k`
r`f`kjcs
bdbrfb
Oýsqu`kb k` Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  W`òbd k` pudsc  @sp`rbr pcr s`òbd

pudsc gcrr`gtb k` pudsc
WpC?= Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  Gcltrcdbr pcr fbd

Jlt`rn`r`lgjb bsj`ltc k`d s`lscr
k`t`gtbkb
WpC?= K`fbsjbkb
K`fbsjbkb Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  Fughb duz k`  Gcltrcdbr pcr fbd
duz bfoj`ltbd `ltcrlc gb` `l `d bsj`ltc k`d s`lscr
s`lscr
W`òbd JR obmb Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  Obmc ljv`d k`  Gcltrcdbr pcr fbd

gclnjk`lgjb k` bsj`ltc k`d s`lscr
WpC? y vbdcr`s k`  _`kugjr dbs
tbsb k` pudsc
jlt`rn`r`lgjbs
`ltcrlc k`d
WpC?= Fckc k`fc Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  W`lscr WpC? `stâ  K`t`l`r `d fckc k`

`l fckc k` k`fcstrbgj÷l
k`fcstrbgj÷l
F`lsbm`s
F`lsbm`s k` `rrc
`rrcrr ‗ Bdbrfbs têgljgcs
têgljgc s

U`djarc
cxæa`lc
 Gbdjor` `d s`lscr k`spuês k` gbkb gbfojc.
BK^@_[@LGJB
F`lsbm` k` bdbrfb Urjcrjk bk Njdtrc Ucsjod `s gbusbs Ucsjod

Ucsjod`s
`s r`f`kjcs
Nb
Nbddc
ddc t êgljgc Bdtc ̾  W` k`t`gt÷ ul `rrcr  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd
jlt`rlc k`d `qujpc. têgljgc.
Nbddc k`
k ` obt`ræb F`kjc ̾  Dbs obt`ræbs `stâl  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd
bt`ræb lc gcl`gtbkb k`n`gtucsbs. têgljgc.
 Dbs obt`ræbs lc scl  Urcg`kb gcl `d
bprcpjbkbs c hbl sjkc r``fpdbzc k` dbs
gcl`gtbkbs obt`ræbs.
`rr÷l`bf`lt`.
2;5 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
F`lsbm` k` bdbrfb Urjcrjk bk Njdtrc Ucsjod `s gbusbs Ucsjod`s

Ucsjod `s r`f`kjcs
K`svjbgj÷l Bdtc ̾  @d tuoc k` f`kjgj÷l  Gcltrcdbr `d tuoc k`

s`lscr`s k` k` pr`sj÷l lc `stâ f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l.
pr`sj÷l gcrr`gtbf`lt`  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd
gcl`gtbkc. têgljgc.
 Dcs s`lscr`s k`
pr`sj÷l `stâl
k`n`gtucscs.
Nbddc v`ltjd.= _j`sac F`kjc ̾  @d v`ltjdbkcr tj`l` ul  K`sbgtjvbr `d `qujpc

k` scor`gbdt nbddc.  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd
têgljgc.
Nb
Nbddc
ddc f`kjgj÷l Bdtc @l  @d s`lscr k` cxæa`lc  Urcg`kb gcl `d
Cxæa. UJG tj`l` ul nbddc. r``fpdbzc k`d s`lscr
 @d s`lscr k` cxæa`lc k` cxæa`lc.
`stâ bactbkc.  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd
têgljgc.
Bd
Bdtbv
tbvcz
cz rct
r ctc.
c. F`kjc ̾  Nbdd÷ db s`òbdjzbgj÷l  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd
bgýstjgb k` bdbrfb. têgljgc.
Fckc b pruòb k` Bdtc ̾  @d `qujpc gclfut÷ b  Lu`vc brrblqu`

nbddcs ul `stbkc pbsjvc y  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd
sàurc pbrb prctà`r têgljgc.
bd pbgj`lt`.
W`lscr
W`lscr k` ndumc rctc Bdtc 2;,5  W` k`s`lghun÷ `d  Gcltrcd` `d s`lscr k`
W`lscr
W`lscr k` ndum c s s`lscr k` ndumc. ndumc.
k`n`gtucsc (NQ)  @d s`lscr k` ndumc `stâ  Urcg`kb gcl `d
k`n`gtucsc. r``fpdbzc k`d s`lscr
k` ndumc.
Gclsufc k` Bdtc <2s  W` k`t`gt÷ ul `rrcr  Brrblgbr lu`vbf`l

lu`vbf`lt` t`
gcrrj`lt` jlt`rlc k`d `qujpc. `d `qujpc
k`fbsjbkc bdtc  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd
têgljgc.
^`rsjcl`s lc Bdtc ̾  W` k`t`gt÷ ul `rrcr  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd

gcfpbtjod`s jlt`rlc k`d `qujpc. têgljgc.
Udbgb gcltrcdbkcrb Bdtc ̾  W` k`t`gt÷ ul `rrcr  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd

nbddc gh`gisuf jlt`rlc k`d `qujpc. têgljgc.
@@U_CF Udbgb Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  W` k`t`gt÷ ul `rrcr  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd

gcltrcdbkcrb lc jlt`rlc k`d `qujpc. têgljgc.
prctàjkc gcltrb
`sgrjturb
_`v ?.0.7 2;2
Gbpætudc
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
F`lsbm` k` bdbrfb Urjcrjk bk Njdtrc Ucsjod `s gbusbs Ucsjod

Ucsjod`s
`s r`f`kjcs
Gbdjorbgj÷l C? F`kjc ̾  Nbddc `l gbdjorbgj÷l  Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr k`

nbddjkb k`d s`lscr k` cxæa`lc cxæa`lc.
Gbdjorbr s`lscr k` Jlncrfbgj÷l ̾  W` r``fpdbz÷ `d  Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr k`

ndumc s`lscr k` ndumc ndumc
 W` k`sgcl`gt÷ y
gcl`gt÷ lu`vbf`lt`
`d s`lscr k` ndumc
Gh`gisuf
Gh`gisuf `rrcr Bdtc ̾  W` k`t`gt÷ ul `rrcr  Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd
jlt`rlc k`d `qujpc. têgljgc.
@rrcr `l db
d b pudscxjf`træb
pudscx jf`træb
@l gbsc qu` bdaýl r`sudtbkc k` f`kjgj÷l lc pbr`zgb

pdbusjod`, kò`l gcltrcdbrs` prjf`rc dcs sjalcs vjtbd`s k`d
pbgj`lt` gcl ctrcs fêtckcs, pbrb duàc gcltrcdbr `d
cxæf`trc uWpC?ℯ Fbsjfc W@[® pcr su nulgjclbfj`ltc
gcrr`gtc.
kjgjcl`s jfpr`gjsbs Ucsjod`s gbusbs pbrb f`kjgjcl`

F`kjgjcl`s
F` f`kjgjcl`ss jfpr`gjsbs=
 Bpdjgbgj÷l c usc `rr÷l`cs k`d s`lscr.
 Bdtc ljv`d k` h`fcadcojlbs kjsnulgjclbd`s,
kjsnulgjcl bd`s, p.` m.
gbrocxjh`fcadcojlb (GCHo) c f`tbh`fcadcojlb
(F`tHo).
Gublkc s` scsp`ghb ul gclt`ljkc `d`vbkc k`
GCHo c F`tHo, kò` r`bdjzbrs` ul blâdjsjs k`
dbocrbtcrjc (cxjf`træb GC) k` ulb fu`strb k`
sblar`.
 Gcdcrblt`s jltrbvbsgudbr`s
jltrbvbsgudbr`s gcfc v`rk`
jlkcgjbljlb c bzud f`tjd`lc.
 Jdufjlbgj÷l pbrtjgudbrf`lt`
pbrtjgudbrf`lt` jlt`lsb k` nu`lt`s
dufjlcsbs gcfc dâfpbrbs k` qujr÷nblc, dâfpbrbs
k` nctct`rbpjb c duz scdbr (`d s`lscr pu`k`
guorjrs` gcl ul fbt`rjbd csgurc ` jfp`rf`bod` b
db duz pbrb prctà`rdc gcltrb db duz nu`rt`).
 Fcvjfj`ltc `xg`sjvc k`d pbgj`lt`.

Uudscs v`lcscs
`rr÷l`cs vbdcr`spu`k`l prcvcgbr
k` f`kjgj÷l obmcs
(p. `m. y
ràurajtbgj÷l
k` db vâdvudb trjgýspjk`).
2;? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bd
Bdbrf
brfbs
bs y `djfj
`dj fjlbg
lbgj÷
j÷l
l k`
k ` nbddc
nbd dcss
27
 ^bdcr`s buf`ltbkcs k` db ojdjruojlb

ojdjruoj lb jltàrbd.
 Gcdcgbgj÷l k`d s`lscr `l `xtr`fjkbk`s gcl
orbzbd`t` k` pr`sj÷l brt`rjbd, gbtêt`r brt`rjbd c
actb b actb jltrbvbsgudbr.
Uêrkjkb
Uêrkjkb k`d sjalc k` pudsc Plb pêrkjkb k`d sjalc k` pudsc pu`k` pr`s`ltbrs` `l
dbs sjauj`lt`s sjtubgjcl`s=
 @d s`lscr `stâ bs`ltbkc fuy njmbf`lt`.
 Hby ulb jdufjlbgj÷l fuy nu`rt` k`sk` nu`lt`s
jdufjlbrjbs gcfc dâfpbrbs k` qujr÷nblc,
dâfpbrbs k` nctct`rbpjb c duz scdbr.
 Pl orbzbd`t` k` pr`sj÷l brt`rjbd s` jlndb `l db
`xtr`fjkbk `l db pcsjgj÷l kclk` s` `lgu`ltrb `d
s`lscr WpC?.
 @d pbgj`lt` sunr` k` hjp`rt`lsj÷l,
hjp`rt`lsj÷l,
vbscgclstrjggj÷l arbv`, bl`fjb arbv` c
hjpct`rfjb.
 Hby ulb costruggj÷l brt`rjbd g`rgb k`d s`lscr.
 @d pbgj`lt` sunrj÷ ulb pbrbkb gbrkjbgb c s`
`lgu`ltrb `l `stbkc k` ghcqu`.
_`v ?.0.7 2;7
Gbpætudc
Bdbrfbs y
Bdbrfbs
27
@stbkcs Nbjds
Nbjdsbn`
bn` y Ubtj
Ubtj`lt
`lt Wbn`
Gublkc `d r`spjrbkcr yb lc trbobmb sàurbf`lt` b gbusb
k` ulb nbddb têgljgb, gclfutb b ul `stbkc pbsjvc pbrb
abrbltjzbr `d `stbkc sàurc k`d pbgj`lt`.
2.
2. Bsàur` db bsjst`lgjb k`d pbgj`lt` gcl ul sjst`fb
bdt`rlbtjvc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb (p. `m. nu`dd`
k` r`spjrbgj÷l fblubd).
?.
?. K`sbgtjv` `d `qujpc pbrb duàc bgtjvbrdc
lu`vbf`lt`.
7.
7. Kjræmbs` bd p`rsclbd têgljgc.
Ubtj`lt Wbn`
@l gbsc k` ul `rrcr bg`ptbod`/lc grætjgc qu` lc s`
pu`k` `djfjlbr pcr `d scntwbr`, s` gclfutb bd `stbkc
"Ubtj`lt Wbn`".
W` t`rfjlb db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb gcl dcs ýdtjfcs
pbrâf`trcs bgtjvcs.
Lc s` p`rfjt` ulb fckjnjgbgj÷l k` dcs pbrâf`trcs sjl
lu`vc brrblqu` k`d `qujpc.
Fckc b pruòb k` nbddc

nbddcss
@l gbsc k` ul `rrcr grætjgc qu` lc s` pu`k` `djfjlbr
pcr `d scntwbr`, s` gclfutb bd `stbkc "Fckc b pruòb
k` nbddcs".
W` k`tj`l` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
Lc s` p`rfjt` ul fblkc k`d `qujpc sjl lu`vc
brrblqu`.
2;; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
K`sbgtjvbr `d `qujpc
2;
2;.
2;. K`sbgtjvbr `d `qujpc
¡[rbobmcs `l pj`zbs obmc t`lsj÷l!

_j`sac
_j`sac k` d`sj÷l b gbusb k` gcrtcgjrgujt c y `d`gtrcgugj÷ l
 Ubrb jlt`rrufpjr `d `qujpc gcfpd`tbf`lt` k` db r`k, kò` k`s`lghunbrs`
BK^@_[@LGJB `d `lghun` k` r`k.
K`sbgtjv
K`sbgtjvbr
br `d
`d `qujp
`qujpcc `l db pbltbdd
pbltbddbb jljgjbd
2.
Gcl/K`sg..
?.
Uuds` Wæ
Wæ..
@d `qujpc s` k`sbgtjvb bhcrb.
F`kjblt` db s`d`ggj÷l k` Lc
Lc s`
s` jlt`rrufp` `d
prcg`sc y s` vjsubdjzb db pbltbddb jljgjbd.
K`sbgtjvbr `d `qujpc kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
2.
Gcl/K`sg..
?.
Bpbabr
W`d`ggjcl` Bp
W`d`ggjcl` babr .
@d `qujpc s` k`sbgtjvb bhcrb.
F`kjblt` db pudsbgj÷l k` Gcltjlubr s` jlt`rrufp` `d

prcg`sc y s` r`tcrlb b db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb.
_`v ?.0.7 2;0
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbgj÷l / / Djfpj`zb / @st`rjd
Ur`pbrbgj÷l @st`rjd jzbgj÷l
20
20. Ur`pbrbgj÷l / Djfpj`zb / @st`rjdjzbgj÷l

20.
Jlkjgbgjcl`s a`l`rbd`s
¡Hjaj`l` jlsunjgj`lt`!
U`djarc
 Ur`pbr` `d `qujpc y `d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb blt`s k` su prjf`r usc
usc y
U_@GBPGJ×L k`spuês k` gbkb gbfojc k` pbgj`lt`.
 Lulgb utjdjg`
utjdjg` r`p`tjkbf`lt`
r`p`tjkbf`lt` dcs prckugtcs
prckugtcs k`s`ghbod`s
k`s`ghbod`s (`m`fpdc= db
nulgj÷l k`d njdtrc k`s`ghbod`
k`s`ghbod` s` p`rmukjgb k`spuês k` su trbtbfj`ltc).
¡Nbdtbs `l djfpj`zb y `st`rjdjzbgj÷l!
! U`djarc k` kbòcs k`d `qujpc

 Lulgb `st`rjdjzbr `d r`spjrbkcr.
B[@LGJ×L  Plb k`sjln`ggj÷l
k`sjln`ggj÷l k`
k` nràbkc
nràbkc kò`
kò` r`bdjzbrs` scdbf`lt` gcl dcs ba`lt`s
k` djfpj`zb butcrjzbkcs.
butcrjzbkcs.
[ckcs dcs prckugtcs fêkjgcs gcltbfjlbkcs gcl

ba`lt`s pbt÷a`lcs pu`k`l gclv`rtjrs` `l ulb nu`lt`
k` jln`ggjcl`s pbrb dbs p`rsclbs.
Db rùtjdjzbgj÷l y `d fbl`mc k` `stcs prckugtcs fêkjgcs
r`quj`r`l
sufbf`lt`pcrgujkbkcsb.
dc tbltc Dbs
ulb f`kjkbs
pr`pbrbgj÷l hjajêljgbb
k`sgrjtbs
gcltjlubgj÷l r`sudtbl bptbs pbrb `stbod`g`r ul `stbkc
hjajêljgbf`lt` jfp`gbod` k`d `qujpc y pbrb fjljfjzbr dc
fâs pcsjod` dcs rj`sacs k` ulb jln`ggj÷l.
_`qujsjtc `s `d gufpdjfj`ltc k` dcs prcg`scs

k`sgrjtcs b gcltjlubgj÷l, pcr pbrt` k` p`rsclbd
gbpbgjtbkc
gbpbgjtbkc y gubdjnjgbkc.
D`b `d sjauj`lt` pârrbnc gcfpd`tbf`lt` blt`s k`
prcg`k`r gcl db `m`gugj÷l k` dcs kjn`r`lt`s pbscs k`
trbobmc.
2;> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbgj÷
Ur`pbrbgj÷ll / Djfpj`zb / @st`rjdjzbgj÷l
@st`rjdj zbgj÷l
20
Db pr`pbrbgj÷l k`d `qujpc y k` sus gcfpcl`lt`s s`

gcfpcl` sj`fpr` k` dcs sjauj`lt`s pbscs k` trbobmc=
 K`sbrfbr (s÷dc pbrb gcfpcl`lt`s)

gcfpcl`lt`s)
 [rbtbfj`ltc pr`vjc
 Djfpj`zb pr`vjb
 Djfpj`zb
 Dbvbkc, s`gbkc
 K`sjln`ggj÷l
 Gcltrcd pcr djfpj`zb y `stbkc p`rn`gtc k` dbs
sup`rnjgj`s
 Gcltrcd nulgjclbd
 @st`rjdjzbgj÷l
 [rblspcrt`/Bdfbg`lbfj`ltc
 Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
Dbs `sp`gjnjgbgjcl`s bquæ k`sgrjtbs s` crj`ltbl `l dc
prjlgjpbd `l dbs r`gcf`lkbgjcl`s k`d _IJ y k`d OnBrF
"_`qujsjtcs k` hjaj`l` pbrb `d trbtbfj`ltc k` prckugtcs
fêkjgcs" obmc cos`rvbgj÷l k` dcs r`qujsjtcs pbrtjgudbr`s
pbrb v`ltjdbkcr`s f`gâljgcs, dbs r`gcf`lkbgjcl`s k` db
bscgjbgj÷l WU@G[B_JW f`k y pbrtjgudbrf`lt` k` dcs
fbt`rjbd`s usbkcs `l `st` `qujpc.
_`v ?.0.7 2;1
Gbpætudc
20
Djfpjbr
Djfpj br `d
`d `qujpc
¡[rbobmc obmc t`lsj÷l!

_j`sac k` d`sj÷l b gbusb k` `d`gtrcgugj÷l
 Blt`s k` db djfpj`zb y k`sjln`ggj÷l
k`sjln`ggj÷l k`d `qujpc
`qujpc kò`
kò` k`sbgtjvbrs`
k`sbgtjvbrs` êst` y
BK^@_[@LGJB k`s`lghunbrs` `d `lghun` k` r`k k`d tcfbgcrrj`lt`.
¡Baub `l `d jlt`rjcr k`d `qujpc!
! U`djarc k` kbòcs k`d `qujpc

 @d jlt`rjcr k`d `qujpc lc kò` p`l`trbrs` gcl baub.
B[@LGJ×L  @d `qujpc kò` nrctbrs`/djfpjbrs

nrctbrs `/djfpjbrs`
` s÷dc gcl ul pbòc qu` lc act`b.
Db pbrt` `xt`rjcr k` su `qujpc pu`k` trbtbrs` gcl ba`lt`s

k` djfpj`zb gclv`lgjclbd`s. Lc costblt`, lc s` kò`l
usbr ba`lt`s nu`rt`s, rbspbkcr`s c gâustjgcs.
Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`sfcltbod`s k`d D`cljUdus kò`l

pr`pbrbrs` `l nulgj÷l k` sus fbt`rjbd`s y k`d gcltbgtc
gcl `d pbgj`lt`, gcl fêtckcs bprcpjbkcs pbrb su lu`vc
usc.
@l `stc `xjst`l tr`s arupcs k` gcfpcl`lt`s ([JUC B9

[JUC O Z [JUC G), `l dcs gubd`s db pr`pbrbgj÷l kjv`ra`
`l pbrt` `s`lgjbdf`lt`=
`s`lgjbdf`lt`=
2;8 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbgj÷
@st`rjdj zbgj÷l
20
Dcs arupcs
aru pcs k` gcfpcl`lt`s
gcfp cl`lt`s ([JUC
([JUC B, O y G)
[JUC B=
@ltr` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s `st`rjdjzbod`s k`d [JUC B gcl
uojgbgj÷l k` bpdjgbgj÷l g`rgblb bd pbgj`lt` y gcltbgtc
jlkjr`gtc gcl dbs fugcsjkbk`s `stâl=
 ^âdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l (^B, sjdjgclb)

 [uocs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
 [rbfpb k` baub
 Uj`zb `l Z
[JUC O=
@ltr` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s `st`rjdjzbod`s k`d [JUC O gcl
uojgbgj÷l
pr`pbrbrs`k`bkjgjclbdf`lt`
bpdjgbgj÷l g`rgblb bd pbgj`lt`,
gcl ba`lt`s qu` qu` kò`l
r`fu`v`l
dbs prct`ælbs, `stâl=
 W`lscr k` ndumc (pcdjsudnclc)
[JUC G=
@ltr` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s `st`rjdjzbod`s k`d [JUC G gcl
uojgbgj÷l k` bpdjgbgj÷l g`rgblb bd pbgj`lt` y sup`rnjgj`s
s`lsjod`s `stâl=
 Kubd Bjrwby t`fp`rbtur` prco`

 Gbod` k` gcl`xj÷l k`d s`lscr k` ndumc
 Gbod` uWpC?ℯ Fbsjfc W@[® Cxjf`try
 W`lscr`s rùtjdjzbod`s k` cxjf`træb Fbsjfc
Ur`pbrbgj÷
Ur`pbrbgj÷ll k` dcs gcfpcl`lt
gcfp cl`lt`s
`s k`d [JU
[JUC
CB
2.
2. K`sbrfbr
@xtrbjab dcs gcfpcl`lt`s
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC B
gujkbkcsbf`lt` k`d `ltcrlc k` pbgj`lt`.
?.
?. [rbtbfj`ltc pr`vjc
@djfjl` dbs gcltbfjlbgjcl`s sup`rnjgjbd`s gcl ul
pbòc k`s`ghbod`. B gcltjlubgj÷l kò`l dbvbrs` dcs
gcfpcl`lt`s gcl baub.
Ubrb `vjtbr db ncrfbgj÷l k` ulb gcstrb, s`
r`gcfj`lkb r`bdjzbr db lu`vb pr`pbrbgj÷l k` dcs
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC B jlf`kjbtbf`lt` k`spuês
k` su usc.
_`v ?.0.7 2;:
Gbpætudc
20
7.
7. Djfpj`zb pr`vjb
Lc s` r`quj`r` ctrb djfpj`zb pr`vjb k` dcs
gcfpcl`lt`s.
Dbs pj`zbs bdtbf`lt` gcltbfjlbkbs pu`k`l
dbvbrs` pr`vjbf`lt` `l ul obòc udtrbs÷ljgc (fâx.
7 - 0 fjl.).
Ubrtjgud
Ubrtjgud brjkbk
brjkbk k` dcs t uocs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb=
Djfpj` `d duf`l jlt`rjcr k`d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb y `d
dbkc `xt`rjcr gcl baub tjojb baràblkc ul ba`lt`
k` dbvbkc (scdugjcl`s gcl ba`lt`s t`lsjcbgtjvcs
sup`rnjgjbdf`lt`,
sup`rnjgjbdf` lt`, sjl ncrfbgj÷l k` `spufb). B
gcltjlubgj÷l kò`l dbvbrs` dcs tuocs gcl baub
gdbrb. K`spuês kò`l `sgurrjrs` y s`gbrs` dcs
tuocs.
;.
;. Djfpj`zb
b. Djfpj`zb
Djfp j`zb f`gâljgb=
Db pr`pbrbgj÷l f`gâljgb kò` pr`n`rjrs` b db
pr`pbrbgj÷l fblubd pcr fctjvcs k` sàurjkbk k`
trbobmc y db r`prckugjojdjkbk k`d prcg`sc k` trbobmc.
 Gcdcqu` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC B k` tbd
fbl`rb `l `d `qujpc k` djfpj`zb/k`sjln`ggj÷l
qu` `d f`kjc k` djfpj`zb pu`kb bdgblzbr
tbfojêl `d duf`l jlt`rjcr, p`rc gcl pcsjojdjkbk
k` purab pcst`rjcr.
 Bmustbr `d gjgdc @l `stc kò` bdgblzbrs` ulb
t`fp`rbturb k`≠ :5µG gcl ulb kurbgj÷l k`
djfpj`zb fæl. k` 0 fjlutcs (vbdcr B5 ≠ 7555
sàýl JWC 20887-2). Cos`rv` dbs
pr`sgrjpgjcl`s k` db vbdjkbgj÷l r`n`rjkbs b db
kurbgj÷l k` dbvbkc.
 Gcltrcd` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s
gcfpcl`lt`s kurblt` su r`tjrc pcr
r`stcs vjsjod`s k` sugj`kbk.
Db s`d`ggj÷l k`d prcarbfb butcfâtjgc bprcpjbkc

kò` r`bdjzbrs` sàýl `d gclg`ptc B5 (pr@L 20887-
2, Bl`xc, s`ggj÷l ;).
;).
205 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbgj÷
@st`rjdj zbgj÷l
20
o. Djfpj`zb
Djfp j`zb fblubd=
Cos`rvbgj÷l=
Ubrb db djfpj`zb k` dbs p`rncrbgjcl`s y dcs hu`gcs
kò` utjdjzbrs` ul g`pjddc bprcpjbkc pbrb pck`r
bdgblzbr gbkb pcsjgj÷l qu` kò` s`r djfpjbkb, p`rc
sjl kbòbr db sup`rnjgj`.
Cos`rvbr dbs jlkjgbgjcl`s k` sàurjkbk k` trbobmc,
yb qu` db djfpj`zb s` r`bdjzb blt`s k` db
k`sjln`ggj÷l.
 B gcltjlubgj÷l
gcltjlubgj ÷l kò`l dbvbrs` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s
gujkbkcsbf`lt` pbrb `djfjlbr dbs sugj`kbk`s
sup`rnjgjbd`s.
 Db vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l
`spjrbgj ÷l kò` dbvbrs` gcl
ba`lt`s k` djfpj`zb t`lsjcbgtjvcs
sup`rnjgjbdf`lt`,
sup`rnjgjbdf`l t`, sjl ncrfbgj÷l k` `spufb,
utjdjzblkc ul g`pjddc odblkc.
Bsàýr`s` k` djfpjbr tbfojêl dcs hu`gcs.
hu`gcs.
 Db vâdvudb kò` dbvbrs` k`spuês k` su djfpj`zb
kurblt` ? fjlutcs gcl baub gcrrj`lt`. @d duf`l
jlt`rjcr y dbs p`rncrbgjcl`s kò`l dbvbrs`
boulkbf`lt`f`lt` (`l ncrfb r`p`tjkb).
W` hb k` bsàurbr k` `djfjlbr tckcs dcs r`sjkucs
k` dcs ba`lt`s k` djfpj`zb.
djfpj`zb.
0.
0. K`
K`sjln`gtbr
sjln`gtbr (`l g bsc l`g`sbrjc tbfojêl
`st`rjdjzbgj÷l)
 Gcdcqu` `d gcfpcl`lt` k`spuês k` db djfpj`zb
`l ulb scdugj÷l k` k`sjln`ggj÷l.
Gcfc ba`lt` k` k`sjln`ggj÷l pu`k` usbrs`
"W@GPW@U[— c "W@GPW@U[ NC_[@ W— k` db
fbrgb @GCDBO.
W` hb k` bsàurbr qu` `l `d duf`l jlt`rjcr lc
qu`k`l ouroumbs k` bjr`. [ckbs dbs sup`rnjgj`s
kò`l huf`gtbrs`. Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC B
kò`l dbvbrs` c dd`lbrs` gcfpd`tbf`lt` gcl
ba`lt` k` k`sjln`ggj÷l.
W` hb k` bsàurbr `d gufpdjfj`ltc k` dcs tj`fpcs
k` bggj÷l pr`sgrjtcs pcr `d nborjgblt` k`d ba`lt` k`
k`sjln`ggj÷l.
 Ubrb `d dbvbkc njlbd kò` utjdjzbrs` baub
gcfpd`tbf`lt` k`sbdjljzbkb.
>.
>. W`gbkc
@d s`gbkc k` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s s` r`quj`r`
l`g`sbrjbf`lt` pbrb bsàurbr qu` lc p`rfbl`zgb
baub r`sjkubd `l dcs gblbd`s y tuocs k` gcltrcd.
@d s`gbkc gcfc pbrt` k`d gjgdc k`
djfpj`zb/k`sjln`ggj÷l lc kò` scor`pbsbr dcs :7µG.
_`v ?.0.7 202
Gbpætudc
20
1.
1. Gcltrcd pcr djfpj`zb y `stbkc p`rn`gtc
p`rn`gtc k` dbs
sup`rnjgj`s
 K`spuês k` dcs pbscs k` djfpj`zb y
k`sjln`ggj÷l kò`l gcltrcdbrs`
gujkbkcsbf`lt`
gujkbkcsbf `lt` dbs sup`rnjgj`s pcr su djfpj`zb
y `stbkc p`rn`gtc.
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC B pcr
kbòcs vjsjod`s.
 Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s kbòbkcs k`d [JUC B kò`l
s`r k`sgbrtbkcs.
8.
8. @fobdbm`
 Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC B kò`l `fobdbrs`
jlkjvjkubdf`lt` gcl `lvbs`s k` pbp`d/dâfjlb c
fbt`rjbd sjfjdbr, sàýl KJL @L JWC 22>51-
2=?55> `l gcfojlbgj÷l gcl KJL @L 8>8. @d
tbfbòc k`d fbt`rjbd k` `fobdbm` kò` gcjlgjkjr
gcl `d tbfbòc k`d gcfpcl`lt`.
 Ucr dc a`l`rbd, ul `lvbs` s` gcfpcl` - sjl
jfpcrtbr `d tjpc k` `st`rjdjzbgj÷l - k`d sjauj`lt`
fckc
- `fobdbm` k` prct`ggj÷l f`gâljgb
- `l gbsc kbkc gcl `lvcdturb.
 Ubrb prckugtcs k`sjln`gtbkcs
k`sjln`gtbkc s lc kò` usbrs`
ul `fobdbm` k` prckugtc `st`rjdjzbkc.
Cos`rv` dcs pdbzcs k` bdfbg`lbfj`ltcs pbrb
prckugtcs `st`rjdjzbkcs sàýl KJL 08:07 Ubrt` 8.
:.
:. @st`rjdjzbgj÷l
 @st`rjdjg` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC B gcl
vbpcr (sàýl l`g`sjkbk) `l ul butcgdbv` gcl.
 ≠2?2µG, ≠20 fjl., (?5 fjl.)
 ≠27;µG, ≠0 fjl., (25 fjl.)
25. [rblspcrt` / Bdfbg`lbfj`ltc
25.
 Bdfbg`l` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC B `l ul
duabr s`gc y prctàjkc k` db duz.
22. Gcltrcd k` db nulgj÷l
22.
 Gcltrcd` db nulgj÷l sàýl db k`sgrjpgj÷l, blt`s
k` db sjauj`lt` bpdjgbgj÷l.
bpdjgbgj÷l.
↟ Gbdjorbgjcl`s Uâa. 07,
Uâa. 07, Gh`qu`c
Gh`qu`c k` `qujpcs
Uâa. 01
Uâa. 01
2?. Uu`stb `l s`rvjgjc
2?.
20? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbgj÷
@st`rjdj zbgj÷l
20
Ur`pbrbgj÷
Ur`pbrbgj÷ll k` dcs gc
gcfpc
fpcl`lt`s
l`lt`s k`d [JUC
[JUC O (s`lscr
k` ndumc)
¡Djfpj`zb jlbprcpjbkb k`d s`lscr k` ndumc!
! K`struggj
K`struggj ÷l k` dcs bdbfor`s
bdbfor`s k` s`lscr
 @d s`lscr lc kò` djfpjbrs` lulgb
lulgb gcl
gcl bjr` gcfprjfjkc c ul ghcrrc kurc
B[@LGJ×L k` baub.
 @d s`lscr lc kò` trbtbrs` lulgb
lulgb `l
`l `d but÷fbtb k` djfpj`zb c
k`sjln`ggj÷l.
 @d s`lscr lc kò` djfpjbrs` lulgb
lulgb `l
`l ul obòc udtrbs÷ljgc.
2.
2. K`sbrfbr

gcfpcl`lt`
gujkbkcsbf`lt` s k`dk`
k`d `ltcrlc [JUC O
pbgj`lt`.
?.
@djfjl` gujkbkcsbf`lt` dcs r`sjkucs arblk`s `l db
sup`rnjgj` k`d s`lscr gcl ul pbòc odblkc y hýf`kc
c oj`l gcl ul pbòc k`s`ghbod`.
7.
7. Djfpj`zb pr`vjb
_`tjr` tckbs dbs dæl`bs `dêgtrjgbs.
@l gbsc gcltrbrjc s` ncrfbl `v`ltubdf`lt`
gcstrbs, gcl dbs gubd`s yb lc s` pckræb abrbltjzbr db
nulgjclbdjkbk k`d s`lscr.
 Dbv` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC O
jlf`kjbtbf`lt` k`spuês k` su usc.
;.
;. Djfpj`zb
 Kòjkc b su g`rgblæb gcl `d pbgj`lt`, dcs
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC O kò`l trbtbrs` gcl
gcfpcl`lt`s
ba`lt`s qu` `djfjlbl dbs prct`ælbs (scdugjcl`s
qu` gcltj`l`l adutbrbdk`hjkb,
adutbrbdk`hjkb, p. `m. Adutbr`x k`
db fbrgb H`li`d).
 Lc s` r`quj`r` ctrb djfpj`zb pr`vjb k` dcs
gcfpcl`lt`s
gcfpcl`l t`s k`d [JUC O (s`lscr k` ndumc).
Lc utjdjg` ul ba`lt` njmbkcr.
0.
0. Dbvbkc, s`gbkc
Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC O kò`l djfpjbrs`
k`spuês k` db djfpj`zb gcl ul pbòc s`gc9 `l `stc
kò`l s`gbrs` gcfpd`tbf`lt` tckcs dcs
gcfpcl`lt`s pbrb qu` db k`sjln`ggj÷l pu`kb
bgtubr.
_`v ?.0.7 207
Gbpætudc
20
>.
>. K`sjln`gtbr (bdt`rlbtjvbf`lt` `st`rjdjzbr, sàujr
gcl pult c 1)
Gcdcqu` `d gcfpcl`lt` k`spuês k` db djfpj`zb `l
ulb scdugj÷l k` k`sjln`ggj÷l.
k`sjln`ggj÷l.
Gcfc ba`lt` k` k`sjln`ggj÷l pu`k` usbrs`
“W@GPW@U[— c “W@GPW@U[ NC_[@ W— k` db
fbrgb @GCDBO.
(@l gbsc k` usbr ctrcs ba`lt`s k` k`sjln`ggj÷l
kò` gcltrcdbrs` db gcfpbtjojdjkbk gcl pcdjsudnclc y
bsàurbrs`
bsàurbr s` su bggj÷l bltjvjrbd, obt`rjgjkb y
nulajgjkb.)
1.
p`rn`gtc k` dbs
sup`rnjgj`s
ygujkbkcsbf
gujkbkcsbf`lt`
`lt` dbs sup`rnjgj`s pcr su djfpj`zb
`stbkc p`rn`gtc.
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC O pcr
kbòcs vjsjod`s.
 Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s kbòbkcs k`d [JUC O kò`l
s`r k`sgbrtbkcs.
8.
8. @st`rjdjzbgj÷l
@st`rjdjg` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC O gcl vbpcr
`l ul butcgdbv` gcl=
Fjl.
27;µG, 7 obr, 0 Fjl.
:.
:. @fobdbm`l
 Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC O kò`l `fobdbrs`
fbt`rjbd sjfjdbr, sàýl KJL @L JWC 22>51-
2=?55> `l gcfojlbgj÷l gcl KJL @L 8>8. @d
tbfbòc k`d fbt`rjbd k` `fobdbm` kò` gcjlgjkjr
gcl `d tbfbòc k`d gcfpcl`lt`.
fckc
Cos`rv` dcs pdbzcs k` bdfbg`lbfj`ltcs pbrb
prckugtcs `st`rjdjzbkcs sàýl KJL 08:07 Ubrt`
8.
25.
 Bdfbg`l` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC O `l ul
duabr s`gc y prctàjkc k` db duz.
duz.
20; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbgj÷
@st`rjdj zbgj÷l
20
22.
Gcltrcd` db nulgj÷l sàýl db k`sgrjpgj÷l, blt`s k`
db sjauj`lt` bpdjgbgj÷l.
Uâa. 07, Gh`qu`c
Gh`qu`c k` `qujpcs
Uâa. 01
Uâa. 01
2?.
Ur`pbrbgj÷
Ur`pbrbgj÷ll k` dc
dcss gcfpc
gc fpcl`lt`s
l`lt`s k`d [JUC
[JUC G
2.
2. K`sbrfbr
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC G
gujkbkcsbf`lt` k`d `ltcrlc k` pbgj`lt`.
?.
@djfjl` dbs gcltbfjlbgjcl`s sup`rnjgjbd`s gcl ul
pbòc k`s`ghbod`.
Ubrb `vjtbr db ncrfbgj÷l k` ulb gcstrb, s`
r`gcfj`lkb r`bdjzbr db lu`vb pr`pbrbgj÷l k` dcs
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC G jlf`kjbtbf`lt` k`spuês
k` su usc.
7.
7. Djfpj`zb pr`vjb
Lc s` r`quj`r` ctrb djfpj`zb pr`vjb k` dcs
gcfpcl`lt`s.
;.
;. Djfpj`zb
0.
0. K`sjln`ggj÷l
Djfpj` gujkbkcsbf`lt` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC
G gcl ul pbòc k`s`ghbod` gcl scdugj÷l k` bdgchcd
c oj`l r`bdjg` ulb k`sjln`ggj÷l gcl ul ba`lt`
pudv`rjzbkcrr k` k`sjln`ggj÷l.
pudv`rjzbkc k`sjln`ggj÷l.
Lc utjdjg` ul ba`lt` njmbkcr.
>.
>. W`gbkc
Bsàýr`s` qu` `d gcfpcl`lt` s` hbyb s`gbkc
gcfpd`tbf`lt`,
gcfpd`tbf` lt`, blt`s k` vcdv`r b utjdjzbrdc.
1.
1. @st`rjdjzbgj÷l
Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC G LC s` `st`rjdjzbl.
_`v ?.0.7 200
Gbpætudc
20
8.
p`rn`gtc k` dbs
sup`rnjgj`s
gujkbkcsbf`lt`
gujkbkcsbf `lt` dbs sup`rnjgj`s pcr su djfpj`zb
y `stbkc p`rn`gtc.
gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC G pcr
kbòcs vjsjod`s.
 Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s kbòbkcs k`d [JUC G kò`l
s`r k`sgbrtbkcs.
:.
:. @fobdbm`
 Dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC G kò`l `fobdbrs`
fbt`rjbd sjfjdbr, sàýl KJL @L 8>8. @d tbfbòc
k`d fbt`rjbd k` `fobdbm` kò` gcjlgjkjr gcl `d
tbfbòc k`d gcfpcl`lt`.
fckc
`lvcdturb.
25.
Bdfbg`l` dcs gcfpcl`lt`s k`d [JUC G `l ul duabr
s`gc y prctàjkc k` db duz..

22.
Gcltrcd` db nulgj÷l sàýl db k`sgrjpgj÷l, blt`s k`
db sjauj`lt` bpdjgbgj÷l.
Uâa. 07, Gh`qu`c
Gh`qu`c k` `qujpcs
Uâa. 01
Uâa. 01
2?.
20> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Ur`pbrbgj÷
@st`rjdj zbgj÷l
20
Ba`l
Ba `lt`s
t`s k` djf
d jfp
p j`zb y k`sjl
k`s jln`g
n`ggj
gj÷l
÷l butc
but c rjzbkc
rj zbkcss
Ucr ràdb oâsjgb s` r`gcfj`lkb `xgdusjvbf`lt` `d
usc k` dcs ba`lt`s k` djfpj`zb y k`sjln`ggj÷l
lcforbkcs `l `stb kcguf`ltbgj÷l.
K`sjln`ggj÷l
K`sjln`ggj÷l sup`rnjgjbd=
 Jlgjkjl @xtrb L (fbrgb H`li`d @GCDBO)
Cos`rv` dbs pr`sgrjpgjcl`s k` bpdjgbgj÷l k`d
nborjgblt`.
@l gbsc k` usbr
gclsjk`rbgj÷l ctrc ba`lt`, kò`l
dbs r`gcf`lkbgjcl`s tcfbrs`y `l
k` KAHF db
gcfpbtjojdjkbk k` fbt`rjbd`s sjltêtjgcs gcl `st` ba`lt`.
K`sjln`ggj÷l [JU
[JUC
C B=
 W@GPW@U[ c W@GPW@U[ NC_[@ W k` db fbrgb
@GCDBO
nborjgblt`.
@l gbsc k` usbr ctrc ba`lt`, kò`l tcfbrs` `l

gclsjk`rbgj÷l dbs r`gcf`lkbgjcl`s k` KAHF y db
K`sjln`ggj÷l [JU
[JUC
C O=
 W@GPW@U[ c W@GPW@U[ NC_[@ W k` db fbrgb
@GCDBO
 Adutbr`x k` db fbrgb H`li`d
nborjgblt`.
@l gbsc k` usbr ctrc ba`lt`, kò`l tcfbrs` `l

gclsjk`rbgj÷l dbs r`gcf`lkbgjcl`s k` KAHF y db
_`v ?.0.7 201
Gbpætudc
20
Djfpj`z
Djfpj `zb
b k`d pudscxæf`trc
pud scxæf`trc Fbsjfc
Fbsjfc
Cos`rv` dbs sjauj`lt`s cos`rvbgjcl`s scor` db djfpj`zb
k`d pcdscxæf`trc Fbsjfc=
 @l `st`
`st` cxæf`trc
cxæf`trc lc kò` r`bdjzbrs` ljlaýl
trbtbfj`ltc `l butcgdbv`, `st`rjdjzbgj÷l gcl pr`sj÷l c
abs.
 Ubrb db djfpj`zb k`d cxæf`trc lc kò`l usbrs`
scdugjcl`s obsbkbs `l p`tr÷d`c c bg`tclb u ctrc tjpc
k` scdugjcl`s bar`sjvbs. @stbs sustblgjbs bn`gtbl `d
fbt`rjbd k`d `qujpc y pu`k`l prcvcgbr ulb bv`ræb k`d
`qujpc.
208 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fblt`ljfj`ltc
Fblt`ljfj`ltc y gcls`rvbgj÷l
2>
2>.. Fblt`ljfj`ltc y gcls`rvbgj÷l
2>
Jlt`rvbdcs
Jlt`rvbdcs k` fblt`ljfj`ltc
¡Gcls`rvbgj÷l,, rr`pbrbgj÷l
¡Gcls`rvbgj÷l `pbrbgj÷l y r`tcrlc k` `qujpcs gcltbfjlbkcs!
U`djarc
 @d `qujpc c oj`l pbrt`s k`d `qujpc kò`l djfpjbrs` y k`sjln`gtbrs` blt`s
U_@GBPGJ×L k` r`bdjzbr ulb f`kjkb k` gcls`rvbgj÷l ‗ tbfojêl `l gbsc k` r`tcrlc
k`d `qujpc pbrb njl`s k` r`pbrbgj÷l.
¡Fblt`ljfj`ltc k`n`gtucsc!
! U`djarc
U`djarc k` nulgjcl`s k `n`gtucsbs
 @d fblt`ljfj`ltc
`n`gtucsbs y kbòcs k` `qujpc
fblt`ljfj`ltc y gcltrcd k` sàurjkbk
sàurjkbk kò`l
kò`l s`r r`bdjzbkcs
B[@LGJ×L `xgdusjvbf`lt`
`xgdusjvbf`lt` pcr p`rsclbd têgljgc gubdjnjgbkc pcr lcsctrcs.
 Kò`l `stbr
`stbr kjspcljod`s
kjspcljod`s dcs
dcs jlstruf`ltcs
jlstruf`ltcs k` f`kjgj÷l y kjspcsjtjvcs
kjspcsjtjvcs k`
gcltrcd bprcpjbkcs.
bprcpjbkcs.
 W` kò`l utjdjzbr `xgdusjvbf`lt` pj`zbs crjajlbd`s k`
H`jl`l+Dþw`lst`jl.
 Dj`fpr` db `st`rb k` njdtrc k`d v`ltjdbkcr
v`ltjdbkcr p`rj÷kjgbf`lt`
p`rj÷kjgbf`lt` pbrb qujtbr
qujtbr sus
gcltbfjlbgjcl`s.
 _`lu`v` db `st`rb
`st`rb k`
k` njdtrc
njdtrc gbkb
gbkb 7 f`s`s.
Gbkb 7 f`s`s Wjauj`lt` fblt`ljfj`ltc=

fblt`ljfj `ltc=
@st`rb k` njdtrc k`d v`ltjdbkcr
Gbkb 2? f`s`s Wjauj`lt` fblt`ljfj`ltc=

fblt`ljfj`lt c=
Fblt`ljfj`ltc y gcltrcd k` têgljgb k` sàurjkbk sàýl

Brt. > FUO`tr`jo^
@m`gutbr
@m`gutbr dcs sjauj`lt`s trbobmcs=
 Gcltrcdbr dbs nulgjcl`s k` bdbrfb y vbdcr dæfjt`
 Gcltrcdbr dbs gcl`xjcl`s k` pr`sj÷l
 Gcltrcdbr dbs gcl`xjcl`s

gcl`xjcl`s `dêgtrjgbs
 Gcltrcdbr dbs k`sbgtjvbgjcl`s
k`sbgtjvbgjcl`s k` sàurjkbk
 Gbdjorbgj÷l
_`v ?.0.7 20:
Gbpætudc
y gcls`rvbgj÷l
Fblt`ljfj`ltc y
Fblt`ljfj`ltc
2>
_``fpdbzbr dcs sjauj`lt`s gcfpcl`lt`s=

 W`lscr k` cxæa`lc
 Njdtrc k` bjr` gcfprjfjkc y cxæa`lc
 F`forblb k` vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l
Gbkb 7 bòcs Wjauj`lt` fblt`ljfj`ltc=

fblt`ljfj `ltc=
_``fpdbzbr db obt`ræb k` djtjc `l db tbrm`tb k` gcltrcd

_``fpdbzbr
pbrb db sbdvbaubrkjb k` kbtcs (`djfjlbgj÷l k` obt`ræb
vj`mb)
_``fpdbzbrr dbs obt`ræbs.
_``fpdbzb
Gbkb 25 bòcs Wjauj`lt` fblt`ljfj`ltc=

fblt`ljfj `ltc=
_``fpdbzbrr sjst`fb gcfpd`tc k` tuo`ræb jlt`rjcr

_``fpdbzb
Gbfojbr
Gbfojbr db `st`rb k` njdtrc k`d v`ltjdbkcr
2.
2. @djfjl` db guoj`rtb k`d v`ltjdbkcr (2).
?.
?. Urcg`kb gcl `d r``fpdbzc k` db `st`rb k` njdtrc
k`d v`ltjdbkcr.
2>5 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Fblt`ljfj`ltc
Fblt`ljfj`ltc y gcls`rvbgj÷l
2>
_``fpdbzb
_``fpdbzbrr `d s`lscr
s`lsc r k` ndumc
ndu mc
¡W`lscr lc gbdjorbkc!
U`djarc
U`djarc k ` sufjljstrc jlsunjg j`lt` c `xg`sjvc
cxæa`lc
 Gbdjor` `d s`lscr k`spuês k`d gbfojc.
BK^@_[@LGJB
2.
2. K`sgcl`gt` `d gbod` k`d s`lscr k` ndumc k`d
s`lscr k` ndumc.
?.
?. @l db pbltbddb
bdbrfb k` bdbrfb
Nb d d c s ` l
s` jlkjgb ul f`lsbm` k`
k`` n d u m c .
lss c r k
7.
7. Urcg`kb dc fâs prcltc pcsjod` gcl `d r``fpdbzc
k`d s`lscr k` ndumc.
@l gbsc k` lc hbo`r
hbo`r kjspclj od` ul s`lscr k`
r``fpdbzc=
r``fpdbzc=
Gcl`gt` `d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb `l `d dbkc k` tuoc,
kjr`gtbf`lt` gcl db pj`zb `l Z. K`sbgtjv` `d
s`lscr k` ndumc.
↟ K`sbgtjvbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc Uâa. 255
Uâa. 255
;.
;. K`spuês k`d gbfojc `xjtcsc s` jlkjgb `l db
pbltbddb k` bdbrfb `d f`lsbm` Gb d j o r b r
s ` ls k`` n d u m c .
ls c r k
0.
0. Gbdjor` `d s`lscr.
s`lscr.
↟ Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc Uâa. 07
Uâa. 07
_`v ?.0.7 2>2
Gbpætudc
y gcls`rvbgj÷l
Fblt`ljfj`ltc y
Fblt`ljfj`ltc
2>
`fpdbzbrr `d s`lscr k` C?

_``fpdbzb
_`
U`djarc
cxæa`lc
 Gbdjor` sj`fpr`
sj`fpr` `d s`lscr blt`s
blt`s k` su gcl`xj÷l
gcl`xj÷l gcl `d pbgj`lt`.
pbgj`lt`.
BK^@_[@LGJB
 W` hb k` bsàurbr
bsàurbr k` t`rfjlbr gcrr`gtbf`lt` db gbdjorbgj÷l.
gbdjorbgj÷l.
2.
2. Wu`dt` dcs tcrljddcs k` gbo`zb rblurbkb gcl ul
btcrljddbkcr pbrb borjr db tbpb k`d s`lscr k` C?.
?.
?. @xtrbjab `d gbod` k`d s`lscr k` C ?.
7.
7. K`sbtcrljdd` `d s`lscr k` C?.
;.
;. Urcg`kb gcl su r``fpdbzc pcr ul s`lscr lu`vc.
0.
0. Gcl`gt` `d s`lscr k` C? gcl ul `lghun`.
>.
>. Gj`rr` db tbpb k`d s`lscr k` C? y bprj`t`
lu`vbf`lt`
lu`vbf`lt` dcs tcrljddcs.
_``fpdbzb
_``fpdbzbrr `d nus
nusjod
jod`
`
Dcs nusjod`s kò`l s`r r``fpdbzbkcs scdbf`lt` pcr
ul têgljgc gbpbgjtbkc.
Nusjod`= ?
Nusjod`= ? x [?,0B
2>? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
@djfjlbgj÷l k` fbt`rjbd`s
fbt`rjbd`s k` g clsufc
21
21
21.. @djfjlbgj÷l k` fbt`rjbd`s k` gclsufc
[ckcs dcs fbt`rjbd`s k` gclsufc kò`l `djfjlbrs`
gcrr`gtbf`lt`.
¡@djfjlbgj÷l lc bprcpjbkb!
U`djarc
U`djarc k` `xpdcsj÷l, p`djarc k` gbustjg bgj÷l
 Dcs s`lscr`s k` C? lc kò`l tjrbrs` bd nuàc.
BK^@_[@LGJB
 Dcs s`lscr`s k` C? lc kò`l borjrs` gcl nu`rzb.
W`lscr k` C?
 @djfjl` dcs s`lscr`s k` C? obmc cos`rvbgj÷l k` dbs
pr`sgrjpgjcl`s dcgbdf`lt` vja`lt`s pbrb db
`djfjlbgj÷l k` r`sjkucs.
Fbycr jlncrfbgj÷l `ltràbl dbs `ltjkbk`s dcgbd`s k`
f`kjc bfoj`lt` y crk`l pýodjgc, bsæ gcfc dbs
`fpr`sbs p`rtjl`lt`s k`d ruorc k` `djfjlbgj÷l k`
r`sjkucs.
W`lscr k` ndumc
 @l gbsc k` lc t`l`r ul kbòc jrr`pbrbod`, pu`k`
r`tcrlbrs` êst` pbrb njl`s k` r`pbrbgj÷l. Kjræmbs` b ul
r`pr`s`ltblt` k` db `fpr`sb H`jl`l + Dþw`lst`jl
AfoH.
F`forblb k` vâdvudb
vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷ l
 Db f`forblb k` vâdvudb pu`k` `stbr gcltbfjlbkb gcl
abs k` pbgj`lt` y lc kò` `djfjlbrs` `l ljlaýl gbsc
gcl db obsurb lcrfbd. Urcg`kb sàýl dbs pr`sgrjpgjcl`s
hjajêljgbs k` su gdæljgb.
Obt`ræb
 @st` fbt`rjbd kò` `djfjlbrs` - `l gbsc k` hbo`r ulb
rctudbgj÷l - sàýl dbs pr`sgrjpgjcl`s. @l gbsc k` kukbs
prcg`kb sàýl dbs pr`sgrjpgjcl`s hjajêljgbs k` su
gdæljgb c oj`l kjræmbs` b ul r`pr`s`ltblt` k` db `fpr`sb
H`jl`l + Dþw`lst`jl.
Gcfpcl`lt`s `dêgtrjgcs y `d`gtr÷ljgcs

 @l a`l`rbd scl scdbf`lt` gcfpcl`lt`s `dêgtrjgcs y
`d`gtr÷ljgcs qu` kò`l `djfjlbrs` `l `d fbrgc k` dbs
f`kjkbs k` s`rvjgjc. @st` fbt`rjbd kò` `djfjlbrs` - `l
gbsc k` hbo`r ulb rctudbgj÷l - sàýl dbs
pr`sgrjpgjcl`s. @l gbsc k` kukbs prcg`kb sàýl dbs
pr`sgrjpgjcl`s hjajêljgbs k` su gdæljgb c oj`l kjræmbs` b
ul r`pr`s`ltblt` k` db `fpr`sb H`jl`l + Dþw`lst`jl.
_`v ?.0.7 2>7
Gbpætudc
k` fbt`rjbd`s k` gclsufc
@djfjlbgj÷l k`
@djfjlbgj÷l
21
Njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs HNC

 @d njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs
obgt`rjbs k`d HNC pu`k` `stbr
gcltbfjlbkc gcl abs k` pbgj`lt` y lc kò`
`djfjlbrs` `l ljlaýl gbsc gcl db obsurb lcrfbd.
Urcg`kb sàýl dbs pr`sgrjpgjcl`s hjajêljgbs k` su
gdæljgb.
@st`rb
@st`rb k` njdtrc k`d v`ltjdbkcr
 @djfjl` db `st`rb
`st`rb k` k` njdtrc k`d v`ltjdbkcr obmc
cos`rvbgj÷l k` dbs pr`sgrjpgjcl`s dcgbdf`lt`
vja`lt`s pbrb db `djfjlbgj÷l k` r`sjkucs.
Fbycr jlncrfbgj÷l `ltràbl dbs `ltjkbk`s dcgbd`s k`
f`kjc bfoj`lt` y crk`l pýodjgc, bsæ gcfc dbs
`fpr`sbs p`rtjl`lt`s k`d ruorc k` `djfjlbgj÷l k`
r`sjkucs.
2>; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bgg`s
Bg g`scr
crjc
jcss / Uj`zbs
Uj `zbs k`
k ` r`pu `stc
`st c
28
28
28.. Bgg`scrjcs / Uj`zbs k` r`pu`stc
Bgg`s
Bg g`sc
c rjcs
rj cs Njs
Njsh Ubyi `d 0
h `r & Ubyi`d
Lýf`rc k` brtægudc K`sgrjpg j÷l Njaurb
5?21520-7 Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb k` pbgj`lt` pbrb

Njsh`r & Ubyi`d F_805, k`s`ghbod`,
k`s`ghbod`,
gcl gâfbrb huf`gtblt` F_?:5
5?21520-0 Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb gbd`ltbod` D`clj? /

D`clj pdus, rùtjdjzbod`, pbrb usc gcl
F_805 y gâfbrb k` baub k`
k`s`ghbod` F_?:5`
5?21520-; Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb D`clj @qujpcs k`

v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb sjl gbd`ltbfj`ltc
k` tuo`ræb, pbrb usc sjl huf`gtbkcr
5?21520-8 Wjst`fb k` rùtjdjzbod`,

D`clj pdus, tuo`ræb gbd`ltbod` D`clj?
pbrb usc gcl /
F_805 y gâfbrb k` baub rùtjdjzbod`
F_7;5
_[?70` Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb k` pbgj`lt` kubd,

gbd`ltbkc, pbrb Njsh`r & Ubyi`d
F_805, usc ýljgc, jlgduy` gâfbrb k`
baub F_ ?:5
?:5
5?2122? Bkbptbkcr HNC y njdtrc HNC, usc ýljgc
5?21227 ^âdvudb k` r`t`lgj÷l HNC
F_805BAF Huf`gtbkcr Njsh`r & Ubyi`d

F_ 805
0
Fbycr jlncrfbgj÷l scor` dbs sustblgjbs s` `lgu`ltrb `l dbs jlkjgbgjcl`s k`d nborjgblt`.
_`v ?.0.7 2>0
Gbpætudc
Bgg`scrjcs / / Uj`zbs
Bgg`scrjcs Uj`zbs k`
k ` r`pu`stc
28
F_??0@ Gâfbrb k` baub F_ ??0 (pbrb

v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb HNC, k`s`ghbod`)
k`s`ghbod`)
F_?:5@ Gâfbrb k` baub F_?:5, usc ýljgc,

tbfojêl pbrb v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
HNC
F_7;5 Gâfbrb huf`gtbkcrb, rùtjdjzbod`

rùtjdjz bod`
(p`kjbtræb))
(p`kjbtræb))
Wufjljstrc ýljgc `l prjf`r ``qujpc
qujpc
Wcpcrt` pbrb F_805 y vbrjddb k`

:55F_588 jlnusj÷l
5;55571oa Wcpcrt` pbrb huf`gtbkcr y vbrjddb k`

jlnusj÷l
:55F_?:5 ^brjddb k` jlnusj÷l
:55F_588 Uj`zb k` sum`gj÷l (scpcrt` pbrb F_805

y hcrgb k` baub)
:55F_808
:55F_808 (2) Bkbptbkcr
Bkbptbkcr `dêgtrjgc pbrb sjst`fbs
rùtjdjzbod`s k` tuo`ræb (pbrb F_805)
:55F_ 80: (?) Bkbptbkcr

Bkbptbkcr `dêgtrjgc pbrb sjst`fbs
k`s`ghbod`s k` tuo`ræb (pbrb F_805)
:55F_ 8>: (7) Wclkb kubd k` f`kjgj÷l k`
t`fp`rbturb y ndumc
2>> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bgg`s
Bg g`scr
crjc
jcss / Uj`zbs
Uj `zbs k`
k ` r`pu `stc
`st c
28
Bgg`s
Bg g`sc
c rjcs
rj cs Arô
Arôlk
lkd` r 0
d`r
Ubrb huf`gtbkcr HG?55

Lýf`rc
Lýf`rc k` brtægudc
brtægudc K`sgrjpgj
K`sgrjpgj ÷l
555?55 Arôlkd`r Hufjgbr` HG?55
555?57 Gâfbrb huf`gtbkcrb, rùtjdjzbod`,

rùtjdjz bod`, pbrb HG?55
555;;1 Gâfbrb huf`gtbkcrb G?55W, usc ýljgc, pbrb HG?55, 75k tj`fpc k`
fbrghb
[5;05252: [uoc k` gcl`xj÷l, rùtjdjzbod`

rùtjdj zbod`
555151 [uoc k` jlspjrbgj÷l

jlspjrbgj ÷l jlgd. s`lscr k` t`fp., rùtjdjzbod`
rùtjdjz bod`
555158 [uoc k` `spjrbgj÷l jlgd. s`lscr k` t`fp., rùtjdjzbod`

rùtjdj zbod`
552;77 Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb L`c k` usc ýljgc, pbrb `qujpcs k` t`rfct`rbpjb

t`rfct`rb pjb jlgd.
dæl`b k` f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l y gcfpcl`lt`s HNC^, kubdf`lt`
gbd`ltbkcs, jlgd. njdtrc k` jlspjrbgj÷l pbrb `d`f`ltc gbd`ltbkcr k` njdtrc
(s÷dc `l gcfojlbgj÷l gcl `d`f`ltc gbd`ltbkcr k` njdtrc 552510)
552510)
Ubrb tjpc
tjp c huf
huf`gtbkcr
`gtbkcr HG K`
K`dtb
dtb
Lýf`rc
brtægudc K`sgrjpgj
K`sgrjpgj ÷l
55??55` Gâfbrb huf`gtbkcrb, k` usc ýljgc, kurbgj÷l fâx. k` `fpd`c 75 kæbs
55??5?` Gâfbrb huf`gtbkcrb, k` usc ýljgc, kurbgj÷l fâx. k` `fpd`c 2; kæbs
55270; Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb L`c pbrb jlguobkcr y gbfb gbd`nbggjclbkb

gbd`nbgg jclbkb jlgd. dæl`b
k` f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l, kubdf`lt` gbd`ltbkb
552;87 W`k k` bkbptbkcr`s uljv`rsbd`s,

uljv`rsbd `s, p. `m. pbrb bgcpdbfj`ltc k` f`kjgj÷l
LC c k` pj`zb B`rclò `l [
Wufjljstrc ýljgc `l prjf`r ``qujpc

qujpc
Lýf`rc
brtægudc K`sgrjpgj
K`sgrjpgj ÷l
55505: Wcpcrt` F?55NU pbrb N&U
_`v ?.0.7 2>1
Gbpætudc
k ` r`pu`stc
28
Bgg`s
Bg g`sc
c rjcs
rj cs BJ_g cl 0
BJ_gcl
Lýf`rc
brtægudc K`sgrjpgj
K`sgrjpgj ÷l
Bg255.:25 Wclkb k` t`fp`rbturb,

t`fp`rbtur b, rùtjdjzbod`
rùtjdjzb od`
Bg255.:?: Gbod` kjstrjoujkcr k` bdbfor` k` gbd`nbggj÷l (j+`)
5?2152>-: Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb kcod` D`clj Udus, k` usc ýljgc, gcl bkbptbkcr HNC
(bprcx. 7:5 fd)
5?2152>-25 Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb kcod` D`clj Udus, rùtjdjzbod`

rùtjdjz bod` (bprcx. 710 fd)
?15.>18 Wjst`fb k` tuo`ræb kcod`, ?? ff JK
Bgg`s
Bg g`sc
c rjcs
rj cs Fbsj fc 0
Fbsjfc
Lýf`rc k` K`sgrjpgj÷l Njaurb

brtægudc
25-7720 Gbod` uWpC?ℯ Fbsjfc W@[® Cxjf`try
25-?7?: Fbsjfc DLGW® L`c= W`lscr`s WpC?

butcbkh`sjvcs pbrb l`clbtcs (bpdjgbgj÷l `l
ul scdc pbgj`lt`)
25-?7?8 Fbsjfc DLGW® Jln= W`lscr`s WpC?

butcbkh`sjvcs pbrb ljòcs (bpdjgbgj÷l `l ul
scdc pbgj`lt`)
2>8 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bgg`s
Bg g`scr
crjc
jcss / Uj`zbs
Uj `zbs k`
k ` r`pu `stc
`st c
28
Lýf`rc k` K`sgrjpgj÷l Njaurb

brtægudc
25-?775 Fbsjfc DLGW® L`cUt= W`lscr`s WpC?
butcbkh`sjvcs pbrb l`clbtcs (bpdjgbgj÷l `l
ul scdc pbgj`lt`)
5?2:885 Fbsjfc Ijt
Bgg`s
Bg g`sc rj cs l GUBU0
c rjcs
Lýf`rc
brtægudc K`sgrjpgj
K`sgrjpgj ÷l
LM2055-52 Urcla / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= fjgrc
LM2055-?2 Urcla / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= p`qu`òc
LM2055-5? Urcla / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= f`kjc
LM2055-?? Urcla / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= arblk`
LM2055-57 Urcla / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= `xtrb-arblk`
LM2055-5; Fâsgbrb / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= p`qu`òc
LM2055-50 Fâsgbrb / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= f`kjc
LM2055-5> Fâsgbrb / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= arblk`
LM2055-51 Fâsgbrb / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= `xtrb-arblk`
LM2055-77 Urcla / P^ 25 pzs. `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc= Bsjb
LM202;-25 Acrrc, usc ýljgc / P^ 25 pzs. lc `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc XW, gcdcr odblgc
LM2020-25 Acrrc, usc ýljgc / P^ 25 pzs. lc `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc W, gcdcr bfbrjddc
LM202>-25 Acrrc, usc ýljgc / P^ 25 pzs. lc `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc F, gcdcr rcmc
LM2021-25 Acrrc, usc ýljgc / P^ 25 pzs. lc `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc D, gcdcr g`d`st`
LM2028-25 Acrrc, usc ýljgc / P^ 25 pzs. lc `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc XD, gcdcr lbrblmb
_`v ?.0.7 2>:
Gbpætudc
k ` r`pu`stc
28
Lýf`rc
brtægudc K`sgrjpgj
K`sgrjpgj ÷l
LM202:-25 Acrrc, usc ýljgc / P^ 25 pzs. lc `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc XXD, gcdcr v`rk`
gdbrc
LM20?5-25 Acrrc, usc ýljgc / P^ 25 pzs. lc `st`r. jlkjv., tbfbòc XXXD, gcdcr
odblgc / làrc
LM2??2 Acrrc, acrrc k` njmbgj÷l, rùtjdjzbod`, xxxx dbra`
LM2005 W`t k` acrrcs, 1 tbfbòcs, P^ 2 uljkbk, jlkjv., lc `st`r., usc ýljgc
LM?555HD A`l`rbkcr lGUBU / P^= 2 pz., `st`r., usc ýljgc
LM2?;5 W`t k` tuoc k` bkbptbgj÷l D`clj, P^ 2 pz., usc ýljgc
Bgg`s
Bg g`sc
c rjcs
rj cs k ` `qujp
`qu jpcs
cs
Bgg`s
Bg g`scr
crjc
jcss HNC
52??575-2
52??575-2 Njdtrc k` obgt`rjbs HNC
(k`s`ghbod`)
55;0550 Uj`zb `l [ (bdjf`ltbgj÷l HNC,

rùtjdjzbod`)
5?21222 gcl
bkbptbkcr (20 BK, rùtjdjzbod`)
55;055: Uj`zb k` ulj÷l :5µ ( 20BK / ??JK,

rùtjdjzbod`, pbrb HNC gcl
huf`gtbgj÷l)
215 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bgg`s
Bg g`scr
crjc
jcss / Uj`zbs
Uj `zbs k`
k ` r`pu `stc
`st c
28
5522578 [uoc HNC ?05ff (K68ff,

rùtjdjzbod`)
gcl
5?21222 Bkbptbkcr pbrb pj`zb `l [ (20 BK,
rùtjdjzbod`)
5?21521 Gcl`xj÷l HNC gcfpd`tb,

rùtjdjzbod` (njdtrc + pj`zb `l [ +
tuoc HNC k` ?05 ff + bkbptbkcr)
5?2122? Bkbptbkcr HNC y njdtrc HNC, usc

ýljgc
Ctrcs bgg`scrjcs
5522515-2 [uoc k` pr`sj÷l C? gcl `lghun` k`

r`tjrc, lcrfb lùtrb, làrc
5522512-2 [uoc k` pr`sj÷l Bjr` gcl `lghun`

k` r`tjrc, lcrfb lùtrb, làrc
5522515-? [uoc k` pr`sj÷l C? gcl `lghun` k`

r`tjrc, JWC7?, odblgc
5522512-? [uoc k` pr`sj÷l Bjr` gcl `lghun`

k` r`tjrc, JWC7?, làrc/odblgc
làrc/odblgc
5?21525-2 [ræpck` k` k`spdbzbfj`ltc

D`cljUdus
5?21525-0 [ræpck` f÷vjd D`clj pdus jlgd.

scpcrt` pbrb huf`gtbkcr y hcrgb
k` baub
5?215?2 Orbzc k` scpcrt` k` tuoc D`clj

5?5:117-? Gbrrjd k`pbrb
tcrljddcs `qujpc 205ff,
orbzc gpd. gcl
k` scpcrt` k`
tuoc D`clj
_`v ?.0.7 212
Gbpætudc
k ` r`pu`stc
28
5?215?7-2oa Wcpcrt` k` tuoc/gbod` D`clj gcl

bgg`scrjcs k` fcltbm`
5?2157;-2oa G`stb pbrb træpck` f÷vjd D`clj gcl

5;5552>oa Gbrrjd k` `qujpc ?55ff, gpd. gcl

5?215?>-2 ^âdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l

`spjrbgj ÷l D`clj? /
D`cljUdus
5?21578 F`forblbs pbrb vâdvudb k`

`spjrbgj÷l
5?21572 Gêdudb k` f`kjgj÷l k` cxæa`lc
5?51201 Njdtrc k` sjlt`rjzbgj÷l pbrb

gcl`xj÷l Ljst
5?21100 @st`rb k` njdtrc pbrb v`ltjdbkcr

(85x85 ff)
5?215;7oa Uudf÷l k` pruòb oòê H+D

21? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bgg`s
Bg g`scr
crjc
jcss / Uj`zbs
Uj `zbs k`
k ` r`pu `stc
`st c
28
5?21522 W`lscr k` ndumc
5?2152? Gbod` k` gcl`xj÷l k`d s`lscr k`

ndumc
:25BA 278 Uj`zb `l Z
5?21220 W`lscr k` ndumc k` usc ýljgc
825BA205 [uoc k` f`kjgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l
5?211:; Gbod` k` gcl`xj÷l pbrb pbl`d k`

fblkc k`sfcltbod`, 7f
52;55;8 Wcpcrt` k` tuoc y rj`d pbrb pbl`d k`

fblkc
:25OF 525 Bkbptbkcr k` tuoc
Muàcs k` fblt`ljfj`ltc
Lýf`rc
brtægudc K`sgrjpgj
K`sgrjpgj ÷l
5?2:155 Ijt k` fblt`ljfj`ltc D`clj pdus gpd.
5?2:155-2 Ijt k` fblt`ljfj`ltc D`clj pdus sjl g`dkb C?
5?2:150 Ijt k` fblt`ljfj`ltc k` tuo`ræb jlt`rlb (25 bòcs)

_`v ?.0.7 217
Gbpætudc
Adcsbrjc
Adcsbrjc
2:
2:. Adcsbrjc
2:.
K`njljgj cl`s a`l`rbd`s K`sgrjpgj÷l
K`sgrjpg j÷l
BF^ ^cduf`l r`spjrbtcrjcj pcr fjlutc

@d BF^ s` gbdgudb gcfc prckugtc k`d vcduf`l k` gjgdc
r`spjrbtcrjc fudtjpdjgbkc pcr db nr`gu`lgjb.
Bt`d`gtbsjs [rbfc gcdbpbsbkc k`d pudf÷l qu` gcltj`l` pcgc c ljlaýl

bjr`, gcl dbs pbr`k`s bdv`cdbr`s multbs
Ndumc butcfâtjgc [jpc k` gcltrcd k` ndumc `l dcs fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l

f`gâljgb GUBU y lJUU^
Gublkc s` bgtjvb `d ndumc butcfâtjgc, s` gcltrcdb êst`
butcfâtjgbf`lt` pcr `d r`spjrbkcr.

Ndumc obs` Ndumc fæljfc qu` gjrgudb kurblt` db `tbpb k` `spjrbgj÷l `l
`d sjst`fb k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
O[UW Gclkjgjcl`s k` pr`sj÷l/t`fp`rbturb gcful`s `l db

njsjcdcaæb k` r`spjrbgj÷l, obmc dbs gubd`s s` fjk` `d vcduf`l
k` abs.
Dcs vbdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l lcrfbdjzbkbs sàýl dbs
gclkjgjcl`s O[UW (Ocky [`fp`rbtur`, Ur`ssur`,
Wbturbt`k) s` r`nj`r`l b 71µG (t`fp`rbturb k`d gu`rpc),
pr`sj÷l lùfâtjgb bgtubd k`d bfoj`lt` y 255% k`
sbturbgj÷l k` vbpcr k` baub.
G?5/G Gcfpdjblgjb kjlâfjgb kurblt` `d ýdtjfc ?5 % k` db `tbpb

k` jlspjrbgj÷l, `l r`dbgj÷l b db gcfpdjblgjb kjlâfjgb tctbd
Gcfpdjblgjb @xpblkjojdjkbk k`d pudf÷l

Db gcfpdjblgjb k`p`lk` k`d arbkc k` dd`lbkc k`d pudf÷l.
W` fjk` gcfc buf`ltc k` vcduf`l `l nulgj÷l k` gbkb
buf`ltc k` db pr`sj÷l bpdjgbkb k` dd`lbkc Yfd/fobrV.
Plb r`kuggj÷l k` db gcfpdjblgjb prcvcgb ul buf`ltc k`d
`snu`rzc r`spjrbtcrjc l`g`sbrjc.
Numc k`sbg`d`rbkc @d vcduf`l k` bjr` pcr tj`fpc s` r`kug` gcl `d bvblg` k`d
tj`fpc (@m`fpdc= 2`r sàulkc= 75 d/fjl, ?kc. sàulkc=
?5 d/fjl)
Gcfpdjblgjb kjlâfjgb @xpblkjojdjkbk k`d pudf÷l, f`kjkc scor` db obs` k` db

pr`sj÷l pultb k` db væb r`spjrbtcrjb kurblt` ul gjgdc
r`spjrbtcrjc.
B trbvês k` db kjn`r`lgjb `ltr` db gcfpdjblgjb `stâtjgb y
kjlâfjgb pu`k` `vbdubrs` db r`sjst`lgjb k` db vjb
r`spjrbtcrjb `l nulgj÷l k`d ndumc.
[j`fpc @ Kurbgj÷l k` tj`fpc k` db `spjrbgj÷l
`spjrbgj÷ l
21; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Adcsbrjc
2:

K`sgrjpg j÷l
Ndumc Gbukbd k` bjr` Yd/fjlV (tbfojêl ndumc k` abs r`spjrbtcrjc)
HNC Csgjdbgj÷l k` bdtb nr`gu`lgjb, fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l

f`gâljgb
Jlsp`ggj÷l K`t`rfjlbgj÷l k`d `stbkc r`bd
Gcls`rvbgj÷l Jlsp`ggj÷l, fblt`ljfj`ltc, r`pbrbgj÷l
_`pbrbgj÷l F`kjkbs pbrb db r`gup`rbgj÷l k`d `stbkc lcfjlbd
[j`fpc J Kurbgj÷l k` tj`fpc k` db jlspjrbgj÷l
Nuab Uêrkjkb k`d abs r`spjrbtcrjc `l tuocs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l

f`gâljgb
F^ tctbd Wufb k`d vcduf`l fjlutc, a`l`rbkc gcl `d r`spjrbkcr y

gcl db r`spjrbgj÷l `spcltâl`b k`d pbgj`lt`.
C? Nrbggj÷l k`d cxæa`lc 6 Ubrt` fcd`gudbr k`d cxæa`lc `l tckc

`d gclt`ljkc fcd`gudbr pcr vcduf`l (`l `d bjr` k` `ltcrlc=
C? 6 ?2 %)
Cxæa`lc Gclg`ltrbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc
p Ur`sj÷l btfcsnêrjgb tctbd

scor` ljv`d k`d fbr (LL)= p 6 2577 fobr
U Jlsp Ur`sj÷l k` jlspjrbgj÷l
U fâx Ur`sj÷l fâxjfb k` jlspjrbgj÷l
U f`kjc Ur`sj÷l f`kjb k` db væb r`spjrbtcrjb
pbGC? Ur`sj÷l pbrgjbd k` kj÷xjkc k` gbroclc brt`rjbd
pBGC? Ur`sj÷l pbrgjbd k` kj÷xjkc k` gbroclc bdv`cdbr

Gâdgudc= p B GC? p Nj B GC? , kclk` NjBGC? k`sgrjo`
6 ⋀
db pbrt` k` GC? (nrbggj÷l) `l db pbrt` bdv`cdbr kurblt` db

`spjrbgj÷l. Bquæ s` bsuf` ul vbdcr k` Nj BGC? 6 0 %.
@m`fpdc `l LL= pBGC? 6 2577 fobr * 5,50 6 02,> fobr
pbC? Ur`sj÷l pbrgjbd k` cxæa`lc brt`rjbd

_`v ?.0.7 210
Gbpætudc
Adcsbrjc
Adcsbrjc
2:

K`sgrjpg j÷l
pBC? Ur`sj÷l pbrgjbd k` cxæa`lc bdv`cdbr

Bquæ s` gclsjk`rb, bd jaubd qu` `l `d pjC?, bkjgjclbdf`lt` db
nrbggj÷l k` GC? qu` s` baràb `l db pbrt` bdv`cdbr.
2 ∟ NjC?

Gâdgudc= p BC? 6 pjC? ∟ p BGC? ⋀ ( NjC?) +
_
@m`fpdc `l LL, pjC? 6 ?5? fobr, pBGC? 6 02,> fobr=
pBC? 6 ?5? fobr ‗ 02,> fobr * (5,?2+ 5,:7) 6 2;7,? fobr
U@@U (pcsjtjv` `lk`xpjrbtcry pr`ssur`) Ur`sj÷l btfcsnêrjgb

pcsjtjvb qu` s` a`l`rb brtjnjgjbdf`lt` kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l
f`gâljgb qu` `xjst` k`spuês k` t`rfjlbr db `spjrbgj÷l.
Pl U@@U pr`vj`l` ul gcdbpsc k` dcs bdv`cdcs pudfclbr`s,
dcs bdv`cdcsc y pr`vj`l` bsæ ulb bt`d`gtbsjs. K` `stb
fbl`rb pu`k` f`mcrbrs` bk`fâs `l fughcs gbscs db
sbturbgj÷l k` cxæa`lc k` db sblar`.
Ud`tjsf÷arbnc @d vcduf`l brt`rjbd k` sblar` `l `d t`mjkc y db duz boscrojkb
pcr db sblar` s` bdt`rbl gcl `d pudsc.
pjC? Ur`sj÷l pbrgjbd k` cxæa`lc jlspjrbtcrjb

Bquæ s` gclsjk`rb bk`fâs db pr`sj÷l pbrgjbd k`d vbpcr k`
baub qu` s` a`l`rb gublkc s` huf`gtb `d bjr` k`
jlspjrbgj÷l. @st` kò` sustrb`rs` pcr dc tbltc pr`vjbf`lt`
`l `d gâdgudc k`d pC? k` db pr`sj÷l btfcsnêrjgb tctbd.
Gâdgudc= p j C ? 6 ∟
? C) NjC?
( p pH ⋀
@m`fpdc `l LL y 1 % k` nrbggj÷l k` vbpcr k` baub= pjC?6

Y2577 fobr - (2577 fobr * 5,51)V * 5,?2 6 ?5? fobr
pC? Ur`sj÷l pbrgjbd k` cxæa`lc 6 Ur`sj÷l prcpcrgjclbd k` db

pr`sj÷l
cxæa`lc.tctbd qu` `s a`l`rbkb pcr dbs fcdêgudbs k`
Gâdgudc= pC? 6 p ⋀ NjC?
@m`fpdc `l `d bjr` k` `ltcrlc b ljv`d k`d fbr= pC? 6 2577
fobr * 5,?2 6 ?2?,17 gfH?5
UJ @d ælkjg` k` p`rnusj÷l jlkjgb db jlt`lsjkbk k`d sjalc brt`rjbd

k` pudsc gcfc r`dbgj÷l pcrg`ltubd k` db s`òbd pudsâtjd gcl
db s`òbd lc pudsâtjd.
_ Gucgj`lt` r`spjrbtcrjc
@d gucgj`lt` r`spjrbtcrjc k`sgrjo` db r`dbgj÷l k` db
prckuggj÷l k` GC? gcl `d gclsufc k` C?.
^bdcr lcrfbd bprcx. 5,80
21> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Adcsbrjc
2:

K`sgrjpg j÷l
_`gdutbfj`ltcc
_`gdutbfj`lt @d r`gdutbfj`ltc
r`gdutbfj `ltc fu`strb ul buf`ltc gægdjgc k` db
pr`sj÷l f`kjkb (Uf`kjc). Wu obs` ncrfbl Nr`g_`g, U_`g y
[J _`g.
Pl `n`gtc njsjcd÷ajgc k`gjsjvc k` `stb pr`sj÷l
jlt`rfjt`lt` bpdjgbkb
bpdjgbkb `s db bo`rturb k` dbs âr`bs
pudfclbr`ss kjst`d`gtâtjgbs. @stc prcvcgb ul
pudfclbr`
r`gdutbfj`ltc
r`gdutbfj`lt c lctbod` k`d vcduf`l y pcr dc tbltc ulb
f`mcr cxja`lbgj÷l.
_`sjst`lgjb F`kjkb pbrb db r`sjst`lgjb k` ndumc (r`sjst`lgjb k` væb

r`spjrbtcrjb)
Fj`ltrbs fâs `str`ghbs scl dbs væbs r`spjrbtcrjbs,
fbycr `s db r`sjst`lgjb (p. `m. buf`ltc k` db r`sjst`lgjb
pcr `d tuoc). Plb fbycr r`sjst`lgjb s` pr`s`ltb `l gbsc
k` ul btbqu` baukc k` bstfb, `l `ln`rf`kbk`s
costrugtjvbs gr÷ljgbs y k`spdbzbfj`ltcs k` dbs væbs
r`spjrbtcrjbs b gbusb k` s`gr`gjcl`s c gu`rpcs
`xtrbòcs. @l gbsc k` ulb r`sjst`lgjb fbycr pbtcd÷ajgb
s` hbodb tbfojêl k` ul k`scrk`l k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
costrugtjvb.
Db r`sjst`lgjb pu`k` gbdgudbrs` f`kjblt` f`kjgj÷l k` db
pr`sj÷l r`spjrbtcrjb qu` s` r`quj`r`
r `quj`r` pbrb ul
k`t`rfjlbkc ndumc. Db uljkbk k` f`kjgj÷l `s Yfobr/d/sV.
WJR W`òbd JR jlkjgb db gbdjkbk k` s`òbd bdgblzbkb y `d tjfjla

k` dcs pudscs `l r`dbgj÷l bd pd`tjsf÷arbnc.
WpC? Db sbturbgj÷l
sbturbgj ÷l k` ÷xja`lck`t`rfjlbkb
÷xja`lck`t`rfj lbkb f`kjblt` db
cxjf`træb uWpC?ℯ Fbsjfc W@[®.
Gcfpdjblgjb `stâtjgb
`stâtjg b @xpblkjojdjkbk
@xpblkjojdj
f`s`tb kbk k`
bd njlbd k`dul
pudf÷l, f`kjkc `l db
gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc, r`spjrbgj÷l
r`spjrbg
gublkc j÷l gcl
`xjstb
ulb gcfp`lsbgj÷l k` pr`sj÷l `ltr` `d sjst`fb k`
v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb y dcs bdv`cdcs.
^cduf`l tjkbd ^cduf`l k` gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc,

r`spjrbt crjc, vcduf`l (gbltjkbk k` bjr`
pcr gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc)
Ljv`d [rja W`lsjojdjkbk k` kjspbrc k`d kjspbrbkcr
^cd [rja ^bdcr k`d vcduf`l jlspjrbtcrjc k` gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc b

pbrtjr k`d gubd kò` r`bdjzbrs` ul kjspbrc.
^[` ^cduf`l r`spjrbtcrjc k` `spjrbgj÷l
^[` f`kjc ^cduf`l r`spjrbtcrjc

r`spjrbt crjc k` `spjrbgj÷l f`kjc
^[j ^cduf`l r`spjrbtcrjc
r`spjrbt crjc k` jlspjrbgj÷l
jlspjrbgj÷ l
Fblt`ljfj`ltc F`kjkbs pbrb db gcls`rvbgj÷l

gcls`rvbg j÷l k`d `stbkc lcfjlbd
_`v ?.0.7 211
Gbpætudc
bor`vjbkbs
Jlstruggjcl`s bor`vjbkbs
Jlstruggjcl`s
?5
?5. Jlstruggjcl`s bor`vjbkbs
?5.
Gcltrcd blt`s k` db pu`stb `l

`l s`rvjgjc
s`rvjgj c
Gcl `d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb gcl`gtbkc y `d pudf÷l k`
pruòb gcl`gtbkc (Lrc. Brt. 5?215;7oa) kò` bgtjvbrs`
`d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb JUU^.
Bm
Bmus
ust`s
t`s `st
`stâlk
âlkbr`s
br`s
Ubrâf`trcs
Ubrâf`trcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l
v`ltjd bgj÷l f`gâljgb Dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb
UJlsp ?5 fobr F^ bdtc= 2,55 D
U@@U= 0 fobr F^ obmc= 5,5? D
Ndumc jlsp.= 2? D/fjl Nuab= >5%
@sp. jlsp.= ; D/fjl Nr`gu`lgjb= 15 2/fjl
Nr`gu`lgjb= ;0 2/fjl Bpl`b= ?5
[j`fpc J= 5,0 s`g U bdtb= 75 fobr
Cxæa`lc= 75 % U obmb= 5 fobr
Gcltrcd k` gcl`xjcl`s y gbdjorbgj÷l

@stbkc k` sjst`fb @stbkc 6 Butct`st CI3
Bd
Bdjf
jf`lt
`ltbgj
bgj÷l
÷l k` abs
a bs ³[uocs k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` bjr` gcfprjfjkc y cxæa`lc
njmbf`lt` btcrljddbkcs3
btcrljddbkcs3
Gcl`xjcl`s k`d sj st`fb
Gcl`xjcl`s ³^âdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l njmbf`lt` bs`ltbkb3 ³F`forblbs
r`spjrbtcrjc gcrr`gtbf`lt` jls`rtbkbs3
³[uocs k` r`spjrbgj÷l gcfpd`tcs3
³[rbfpbs k` baub `l pultc fâs obmc `l pcsjgj÷l v`rtjgbd3
³W`lscr k` ndumc gcrr`gtbf`lt` gcl`gtbkc3
³Uudf÷l k` pruòb gcl`gtbkc3
Nulgjcl`s k`d s`lscr Gbdjorbgj÷l k`d s`lscr k` C? (s` r`bdjzb butcfâtjgbf`lt`)
butcfâtjgbf`lt`)
Gbdjorbgj÷l k`d s`lscr k` ndumc
218 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Jlstruggjcl`s bor`vjbkb
bor`vjbkbss
?5
[`st k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb

[`
[`st
st k` v`ltjdbgj÷l Bm
Bmus
ust`
t` _`sudt
_`su dtbkc
bkc
f`gâljgb
H`rf`tjgjkbk UJlsp= >5 fobr Ufâx= >5 ² 7 fobr
[j`fpc J= 2 s`g Nuab= 5 + 2 %
_`bmustbr dcs vbdcr`s `l
`stâlkbr k`spuês k`d t`st.
U@@U / GUBU U@@U= 2 fobr ^jsubdjzbgj÷l U@@U= 2 ² 2 fobr
U@@U / GUBU U@@U= 25 fobr ^jsubdjzbgj÷l U@@U= 25 ² 2 fobr
Nr`gu`lgjb r`spjrbtcrjb Nr`gu`lgjb= >5 2/fjl ^jsubdjzbgj÷l= >5 ² ? 2/fjl
Cxæa`lc 75 % ^jsubdjzbgj÷l= 75 ² ? %
^cduf`l tjkbd @lsbybr gcl bmust`s `stâlkbr`s ^[@= 25 fd ² ? fd
Uruòb k` bdbrfb
Uruòb k` bdbrfb Bmus t` _`sudtbkc
Ur`sj÷l UJlsp= ;5 fobr K`spuês k` bprcx. 25 sà=
_`pcl`r `l ?8 fobr  Bdbrfb k` pr`sj÷l
^cduf`l Fjlutc Nr`gu`lgjb= 85 2/fjl K`spuês k` bprcx. 25 sà=

_`pcl`r `l >5 2/fjl  Bdbrfb F^
Nr`gu`lgjb  Bdbrfb k` nr`gu`lgjb
K`sgcl`xj÷l K`sgcl`gtbr gubdquj`r tuoc k`d  Bdbrfb k` k`sgcl`xj÷l

`qujpc
Bpl`b
Bp l`b Bdbrfb k` bpl`b= 8 Wà. K`spuês k` bprcx. 8 sà=
Nr`gu`lgjb= > 2/fjl  Bdbrfb k` bpl`b
Jlt`rrupgj÷l k` `l`raæb K`sgcl`gtbr `lghun` k` r`k k`d  Bdbrfb k` jlt`rrupgj÷l k`

`qujpc r`k
Ur`sj÷l
Ur`sj÷l gcltjlub K`sgcl`gtbr tuoc k` f`kjgj÷l Bdbrfb k` sjst`fb=
k` pr`sj÷l  K`svjbgj÷l k` s`lscr k`
pr`sj÷l
_`v ?.0.7 21:
Gbpætudc
bor`vjbkbs
Jlstruggjcl`s bor`vjbkbs
Jlstruggjcl`s
?5
@d`f`ltcs k` fblkc
(7) ^bdcr`s dæfjt`s k`
bdbrfb
(;) gurv`l
(0) ougd`s
(>) GCL / K@WG
(8) Ubusb
(:) Jljgjc
(25) Fckc (27) D@K Bdbrfbs
Bdbrfbs fukc (20) D@K k` cp`rbgj÷l k`
(22) Bdbrfbs fukc (2;) D@K Bdbrfb obt`ræb
(2>) D@K k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l
k` r`k
2) @lghun` k` r`k
(?) Gcl`xj÷l k`d s`lscr k`
ndumc
7) Gcl`xj÷l k` pr`sj÷l C?
;) Gcl`xj÷l k` pr`sj÷l
BJ_@
0) Bgg`sc b g`dkb k`
f`kjgj÷l C?
(>) Ddbfbkb b `ln`rf`rb
(1) [cfb k` tj`rrb
(8) Gcl`xj÷l HNC^
:) Gcl`xj÷l k` `spjrbgj÷l
25) Gcl`xj÷l k` f`kjgj÷l
k` pr`sj÷l
22) Gcl`xj÷l k`
jlspjrbgj÷l
285 _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bl`xc
Bl `xc
?2
?2. Bl`xc
?2.
F`kjgj÷
F`kjgj÷ll WpC? ‗ Nulgjclbfj`ltc
@d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc W@[® FW ocbrk s` obsb `l dcs
sjauj`lt`s nulkbf`ltcs=
nulkbf`ltcs=
 Cxjh`fcadcojlb
Cxjh`fcadco jlb y h`fcadcojlb k`scxja`lbkb s`
kjstjlau`l `l db boscrgj÷l k` db duz rcmb ` jlnrrbrrcmb
(`sp`gtrcf`træb).
 @d vcduf`lpcr
brt`rjbd k` sblar` `l `d t`mjkc
boscrojkb db sblar` s` bdt`rbl gcl `dy db duz
pudsc
(pd`tjsfcarbnæb).
 @d gcrtcgjrgujtc brt`rjcv`lcsc vbræb fughc y db
boscrgj÷l csgjdblt` k` db sblar` v`lcsb kurblt` `d
pudsc `s db gbusb prjlgjpbd pbrb `d rujkc.
@d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc W@[® FW ocbrk y tbfojêl db
pudscxjf`træb gclv`lgjclbd k`t`rfjlbl `d vbdcr k` WpC ?
gclkugj`lkc ulb duz rcmb ` jlnrbrrcmb hbgjb ul d`ghc
gbpjdbr y fjkj`lkc db bdt`rbgj÷l k` db boscrgj÷l k` duz
kurblt` `d pudsc. Gcfc nu`lt` k` duz sjrv`l kjckcs `l dcs
s`lscr`s cxjfêtrjgcs qu` `fjt`l ulb duz rcmb ` jlnrbrrcmb
(D@Ks). Gcfc k`t`gtcr k` duz sjrv` ul nctckjckc.
@l db pudscxjf`træb gclv`lgjclbd s` gclsjk`rb qu` tckbs

dbs vbrjbgjcl`s `l db s`òbd k` boscrgj÷l k` duz scl
prckugtc k` dbs vbrjbgjcl`s k`d vcduf`l brt`rjbd k` db
sblar`. @l `stc s` gclsjk`rb qu` `d gbukbd k` sblar` `l
db zclb k`d s`lscr gclkug` `xgdusjvbf`lt` pcr `d d`ghc
gbpjdbr y lc b trbvês k` bdaulcs gcrtcgjrgujtcs
brt`rjcv`lcscs. @l db pudscxjf`træb gclv`lgjclbd s`
gbdgudb db r`dbgj÷l k` db boscrgj÷l pudsâtjd (BG) gcl db
boscrgj÷l f`kjb (KG) kurblt` ? dbracs k` clkb
r`sp`gtjvbf`lt`, >>5 lf y :50 lf=
W(>>5) 6 BG(>>5)/KG(>>5)
W(:50) 6 BG(:50)/KG(:50)
B gcltjlubgj÷l, `d cxæf`trc gbdgudb db r`dbgj÷l k` bfobs

s`òbd`s k` boscrgj÷l qu` jlgduy`l `d pudsc brt`rjbd=
br t`rjbd=
_ 6 W(>>5)/W(:50)
_`v ?.0.7 282
Gbpætudc
Bl`xc
Bl`xc
?2
Gcl `st` vbdcr _ s` k`t`rfjlb db sbturbgj÷l WpC? scor`

db obs` k` db tbodb k` gclsudtb qu` `stâ jfpd`f`ltbkb `l
`d scntwbr` k`d cxæf`trc. Dcs kbtcs `l db tbodb k` gclsudtb
s` obsbl `l `xâf`l`s k` sblar` hufblb `l prcoblkcs
sblcs bkudtcs `l `stukjcs gcl hjpcxjb jlkugjkb, `l
gcfpbrbgj÷l gcl ul cxæf`trc GC k` dbocrbtcrjc.
@l `d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc W@[® FW ocbrk s` gclsjk`rb

qu` `d gcrtcgjrgujtc brt`rjcv`lcsc vbræb fughc y db
boscrgj÷l csgjdblt` k` db sblar` v`lcsb kurblt` `d pudsc
`s db gbusb prjlgjpbd pbrb `d rujkc. @d FW ocbrk
k`sgcfpcl` W(>>5) y W(:50) `l ulb sjalc brt`rjbd fâs
ul gcfpcl`lt` k` rujkc y gbdgudb db r`dbgj÷l k` dbs
sjalcs brt`rjbd`s sjl `d rujkc.
W(>>5) 6 W2 + L2
W(:50) 6 W? + L?
_ 6 W2/W?
_ pcr ctrc dbkc r`nd`mb db r`dbgj÷l k` kcs sjalcs k`

boscrgj÷l gcl pudsc brt`rjbd sufbkc y su vbdcr s` utjdjzb
pbrb db k`t`rfjlbgj÷l k` db sbturbgj÷l WpC ? scor` db
obs` k` ulb `gubgj÷l `fpærjgbf`lt` k`rjvbkb `
jltàrbkb `l `d scntwbr` k`d cxæf`trc. Dcs pbrâf`trcs `l
db `gubgj÷l `fpærjgbf`lt` k`rjvbkb s` obsbl `l
`xâf`l`s k` sblar` hufblb `l prcoblkcs sblcs
bkudtcs `l `stukjcs gcl hjpcxjb jlkugjkb, `l gcfpbrbgj÷l
gcl ul cxæf`trc GC k` dbocrbtcrjc.
Dbs `gubgjcl`s brrjob jlkjgbkbs s` gcfojlbl `ltr` sæ

pbrb k`t`rfjlbr bsæ ulb r`n`r`lgjb k` rujkc (L‘)=
L‚ 6 W(>>5) - W(:50) x _
Gcl ljlaýl rujkc L‚65= rja` W(>>5) 6 W(:50) x _ y pcr dc

tbltc db fjsfb r`dbgj÷l gcfc `l pudscxæf`trcs
gclv`lgjclbd`s.
Db `gubgj÷l pbrb db r`n`r`lgjb k` rujkc s` obsb `l _, `s

k`gjr `l bqu`d vbdcr qu` s` ousgb pbrb db k`t`rfjlbgj÷l
k` WpC?. @d scntwbr` k` FW ocbrk r`vjsb dcs pcsjod`s
vbdcr`s pbrb _ qu` gcrr`spclk`l b dcs vbdcr`s k` WpC?
`ltr` 2% y 255% y a`l`rb ul vbdcr L‘ pbrb gbkb ulc k`
`stcs vbdcr`s _. Ubrb dcs sjalcs W(>>5) y W(:50) s`
bpdjgb ulb supr`sj÷l gcrr`dbtjvb bkbptbtjvb (BGG) gcl
gbkb pcsjod` r`n`r`lgjb k` rujkc L , k` fckc qu` pbrb
gbkb ?
255%)pcsjod` vbdcrpct`lgjb
r`sudtb ulb _ (gbkbk`pcsjod`
sbdjkb. WpC `ltr` 2% y
28? _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bl`xc
Bl `xc
?2
W` cotj`l` ul kjbarbfb k` db trblsncrfbgj÷l kjsgr`tb k`

sbturbgj÷l (KW[ℯ) gcl db pct`lgjb r`dbtjvb k` sbdjkb
gcltrb dcs pcsjod`s vbdcr`s WpC?, gcfc s` jlkjgb `l db
sjauj`lt` njaurb. _ gcrr`spclk` b WpC? 6 :1%.
Bdac
Bd acrjrj tfc
tf c p
pbrb
brb db
d b ttrbl
rblsn
sncr
crfbg
fbgjj ÷l kj
kjsg
sgr`t
r`tbb k` ssbtu
bturr bgj ÷l (KW[ℯ)
bgj÷l
^`lcsc
b
k
j
d
b
s

`
k

d
b
ò
`
s
Br
Brt`r
t`rjbd
jbd
`
k

k
b
k
j
s
l
`
t
l
J
WpC ? %
@d kjbarbfb KW[ fu`strb kcs p`bis= `d p`bi qu`

gcrr`spclk` b db sbturbgj÷l fbycr, `s s`d`ggjclbkc
gcfc vbdcr WpC?. [ckc `d prcg`sc s` r`pjt` ulb v`z gbkb
kcs sàulkcs gcl dcs kbtcs orutcs k` dcs ýdtjfcs gubtrc
sàulkcs. @d WpC? k`d FW ocbrk gcrr`spclk` pcr dc
tbltc b ul vbdcr f`kjc gcltjluc pbrb db sbturbgj÷l brt`rjbd
k` h`fcadcojlbs qu` s` bgtubdjzb gbkb kcs sàulkcs.
_`v ?.0.7 287
Gbpætudc
Bl`xc
Bl`xc
?2
@squ`fb lùfâtjgc
D`y`lkb
2 Njdtrc
Njdtrc k` sjlt`rjzbgj÷l
? _àudbkcr k` pr`sj÷l
pr`sj÷l
7 [rblskugtcr
[rblskugtcr k` pr`sj÷l
; Bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` bjr` /
cxæa`lc
0 F`zgdbkcr
F`zgdbkcr k` vâdvudb
fbalêtjgb (25 x Bjr`, 25
x Cxæa`lc)
> [co`rbs
[co`rbs k` zbnjrc
zbnjrc (25 x
Bjr
Bjr`
`, 25 x Cxæa
æa`
`lc)
1 ^âdvudb k` r`t`lgj÷l (`l

gbsc l`g`sbrjc, p. `m.
ulb jlt`rrupgj÷l k` abs,
`d pbgj`lt` pu`k`
r`spjrbr b trbvês k` `stb
vâdvudb9 yb lc `stâ
kjspcljod` `l v`rsjcl`s
fâs r`gj`lt`s k`d
hbrkwbr`)
8 ^âdvudb
^âdvudb k` purab
: ^âdvudb
^âdvudb lùf
lùfâtj
âtjgb
gb k`
scor`pr`sj÷l (Ucpp-Cnn)
25 Gêdudb kcod` k`
f`kjgj÷l C? (f÷kudc
pbrb gbdjorbgj÷l butcf.
k` C?)
22 [rblskugtcr
`l rbfb k` jlspjrbgj÷l
2? [rblskugtcr
prcxjfbd `l pj`zb Z
27 ^âdvudb
^âdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l
2; Fjgrcnjdtrc
20 ^âdvudb k` gj`rr` HNC
2> F÷kudc HNC
28; _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Bl`xc
Bl `xc
?2
Udbgbs
Udbgbs k` jk`ltjnjgbgj÷l
jk`ltjn jgbgj÷l
Udbgb k` jk`ltjnjgbgj÷l k` `qujpc k`d nborjgblt`
Fbsjfc W@[® Udbgb k` jk`ltjnjgbgj÷l k` prckugtc

_`v ?.0.7 280
Gbpætudc
Ælkjg`
Ælkjg`
??
??. Ælkjg`
??.
% Wpclt 8: G?5/G 8:, 21;
Bgtjvbgj÷l 0? Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr k` ndumc 07
Ba`lt`s k` k`sjln`ggj÷l
k`sjln`ggj ÷l 201 Gbdjorbr `d s`lscr C? 00
Ba`lt`s k` djfpj`zb 201 Gbfojbr db `st`rb k` njdtrc k`d
Bmustbr fckc k` lcgh` >7 v`ltjdbkcr 2>5
Bdbrfbs Gbfojbr pbrâf`trcs 7:
Bmustbr butcfâtjgbf`lt` dcs Gkyl 8:
dæfjt`s k` bdbrfb
bdbrfb 2?8 Gh`qu`c k`d `qujpc 01
Bmustbr fblubdf`lt` dcs dæfjt`s Gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd
fblubd 250
k` bdbrfb k` pbgj`lt` 2?1 Gjgdcs r`spjrbtcrjcs
r`spjrbtcrjcs obgiup
obgiup 1:
Bmustbr vcduf`l 2?8 Gcfpdjblgjb 21;
`l fukc 272 kjlâfjgb 21;
Ubgj`lt`s 277 `stâtjgb 211
Urjcrjkbk`s 2?: Gcl`gtbr `d sjst`fb k` tuo`ræb ;>
_blac k` bmust` y fêtckc k` Gcl`gtbr dbs dæl`bs k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l
gâdgudc 2?0 ;;
W`lscr 2;5 Gclscdb k` fblkc
fblkc 70
Wjst`fb 271 Gclstblt` k` tj`fpc :7
^jsubdjzbr `d ràjstrc
ràjstrc 27? Gcltrcd k` ndumc
Bfpdjtuk HNC :5 Bmustbr >0
BF^ 21; GUBU 1:, 8:, :0
Bpl`b 2?0, 2?> Fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd 1?
Bt`d`gtbsjs 21; KGC? 8:
Obt`ræb K`sbgtjvbr 2;0
Gbrab jlsunjgj`lt` 2?7 Kughb k` k` cxæa`lc 25>
K`sbgtjvbgj÷l k` `f`ra`lgjb @m` k` tj`fpc
2?;
Bkbptbr 227
O[UW 21;
@d`f`ltcs k` fblkc 225
Ougd` g`rrbkc 11
@qujpc
bmustbr >?
Djfpjbr 2;8
^`ltjdbgj÷l
^`ltjdbgj ÷l f`gâljgb 257
@squ`fb lùfâtjgc 28;
Ougd`s
@stbkc k`d `qujpc 08
Bmustbr 22:
@st`rjdjzbgj÷l
Bdfbg`lbr ougd` k` r`n`r`lgjb
22: Jlkjgbgjcl`s a`l`rbd`s 2;>
Lýf`rc 22: Ndumc 210
k`sbg`d`rbkc 21;
^jsubdjzbgj÷l 228
Ndumc butcfâtjgc 21;
^jsubdjzbgj÷l
gcfpd`tb 2?5`l pbltbddb Bmustbr >0
Ougd`s k`
k` r`n`r`lgjb
r`n`r`lgjb 22: Ndumc obs` 21;
Ndumc k` jlsp./`spjr.
28> _`v ?.0.7
Gbpætudc
Ælkjg`
Ælkjg`
??
Bmustbr >2 Djfpjbr `d pudscxæf`trc

pudscxæf`trc 208
Ndumc C? 25> Djfpj`zb

Bmustbr >5 Jlkjgbgjcl`s a`l`rbd`s 2;>
Ndumc@xsp 85 Dufjlcsjkbk k` pbltbddb >7
NdumcJlsp 85 Fblt`ljfj`ltc 210, 211
Nr`q 85, :5 F`forblb k` vâdvudb k` `spjrbgj÷l
Nr`q Wpclt 8: gcdcgbgj÷l ;0
Nr`qObgiup 82 F`lsbm`s k` `rrcr
Nr`q_`g 82 Bdbrfbs k` pbgj`lt` 277
Nuab :5, 210 Bdbrfbs k` s`lscr
s`lscr 2;5
Nusjod` Bdbrfbs k` sjst`fb 271
_``fpdbzbr 2>? Fcvjfj`ltc r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd
Abrbltæb k` vcduf`l 1>, 88 Bmustbr tj`fpc >2
Ubusbr 251 F^ :5
Arânjgcs F^ tctbd 210
Bkbptbr lýf`rc 227 lGUBU
Bmustbr tjpc 227 Fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd 17
^jsubdjzbgj÷l 22? Lòudjzbgj÷l 05
Arânjgcs k` t`lk`lgjb lJUU^
Bkbptbr lýf`rc 220 Fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
@m` k` tj`fpc 220 10
^jsubdjzbgj÷l 22; Ljv`d [rja 211
HN Bffbx 82 C? 8?, :5, 210
HN Bfp 8? Cp`rbgj÷l gcl obt`ræbs 2??
HN Nr`q 8? Cp`rbgj÷l k` r`k 2?7
HNC U Jlsp 210
Fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb U fâx 210
1; U f`kjc 210
Huf`gtbkcr k`d abs r`spjrbtcrjc ;: p Ur`sj÷l 210
J-Ndumc :0 pbGC? 210
JF^ pBGC? 210
Fckc k`k` r`spjrbgj÷l
r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd >> Ubltbddb jljgjbd 71
Jlkjgbgj÷l Ubltbddb prjlgjpbd 78
nulgjcl`s bgtjvbs 25: pbC? 210
Jlsp`ggj÷l 210 pBC? 21>
Jlt`rrupgj÷l k` bdjf`ltbgj÷l k` abs Ubtj`lt Wbn` 2;;
252, 25? U@@U 87, :5, :0, 21>
Jlt`rvbdcs
Jlt`rvbd cs k` fblt`ljf`jltc 20: UJ :5, 21>
JUU^ UJlsp 87, :0
Fckc k` r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd >> pjC? 21>
Djfjtbgj÷l k` vcduf`l
vcduf`l 1>, 81 Udbgbs k`
k` jk`ltjnjgbgj÷l
jk`ltjnjgbgj÷l 280
Djfpjbr Ud`th 21>
Djfpjbr `d `qujpc 2;8 Ufbl 87, :0
_`v ?.0.7 281
Gbpætudc
Ælkjg`
Ælkjg`
??
UFbx 8; Urjlgjpjc k` f`kjgj÷l 282
UF`bl 8;, :2 Wàurjkbk 2;

pC? 21> W`lscr ;;
Up`bi :2 [Bpl`b 80
U_`g 8; [`gdbs nulgjclbd`s ;2
Ur`pbrbgj÷l [`lk`lgjb
Jlkjgbgjcl`ss a`l`rbd`s
Jlkjgbgjcl` a`l`rbd`s 2;> ^jsubdjzbgjcl `l ncrfb k` tbodb
UWcpcrt` 80 22>
UW^-WJF^ [`st k`k` sjst`fb
sjst`fb 08
Fckc k` k` r`spjrbgj÷l
r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd
brtjnjgjbd 12 [`sts nulgjclbd`s
nulgjclbd`s 08
UW^-WJUU^ [J Obgiup 80
Fckc k` k` r`spjrbgj÷l
r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd 15 [J _`g 8>
Uudscs :2 [j Wpclt :?
Uudscxjf`træb [j`fpc @ :0, 21;
@djfjlbgj÷l k` `rrcr`s
`rrcr`s 2;? [j`fpc
[Jlsp 8> J :0, 210
Jlkjgbgjcl`s
Jlkjgbgj cl`s k` djfpj`zb 208
Urjlgjpjc k` f`kjgj÷l
f`kjgj÷l 282 [jlsp fbx 8>
_ Gucgj`lt` 21> [jpc k` kjspbrc
_btjc J/@ 8?, :; Bmustbr >0
_`gdutbfj`ltc 211 [jpc k` tuoc
_``fpdbzbr Bmustbr >;
W`lscr k` ndumc 2>2 [rjaa`r 81
W`lscr k` C? 2>? [rja^cd 81, 211
_àjstrc k` `v`ltcs
`v`ltcs 22> [uoc k` `spjrbgj÷l ;1
_`pbrbgj÷l 210 ^bdcr`s k` f`kjgj÷l
_`sjstblgjb
_`sjstblg jb :2, 211 Gbfojbr vjsubdjzbkcs 2?2
_`spjrbgj÷l Gclfutbr b tbodb lufêrjgb 2?2
Gbdjorbr s`lscr
s`lscr k` ndumc 0; ^`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
Gbfojbr `d fckc k` v`ltjdbgj÷l Ougd` g`rrbkc 257
f`gâljgb :8 ^`ltjdbgj÷l F`gâljgb
W`lscr C? s`lscr k` ndumc 00 Gjgdc r`spjrbtcrjc
r`spjrbtcrjc fblubd
fblubd 250
W`lscr k` ndumc Jljgjbr :1
K`sbgtjvbr 255 Ubusbr 25>
W`lscr C? [`rfjlbr v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb
k`n`gtucsc 0> ::
W-JF^ ^jstb a`l`rbd k`d `qujpc 77
Fckc k`
k` r`spjrbgj÷l
r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd
brtjnjgjbd >: ^cduf`l k` bdbrfb >;
W-JUU^ ^t HNC :?
Fckc k`
k` r`spjrbgj÷l
r`spjrbgj÷l brtjnjgjbd >8 ^[ Djfjt 1>, 81
WJR :?, 211 ^[` :?, 211
WpC? :?, 211 f`kjc 211

@djfjlbgj÷ll k` `rrcr`s 2;?
@djfjlbgj÷ ^[A 1>, 88
Fcljtcrjzbgj÷l >? ^[j :?, 211
288 _`v ?.0.7

Fckjnjgbgjcl`s r`s`rvbkbs
^`rsj÷l ?520∟5;∟2;
H`jl`l+Dþw
H`jl`l+Dþw `lst`jl AfoH & Gc. IA
Brzobgh`r Wtrbss` 85
85
0>275 Obk @fs/Bd`fbljb
[`d= +;: ?>57/:>55∟5

?>57/:>55∟5
Nbx= +;: ?>57/:>55∟05
Jlt`rl`t= www.hud.k`
Jlstruggjcl`s k` W`rvjgjc d`cljpdus

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F`lsbm`s k` `rrcr ‗ Bdbrfbs têgljgcs ....... 2;5 B

?5. Jlstruggjcl`s bor`vjbkbs ........ 218 ??. Ælkjg` ......................................

2. Bg`rgb k` `stbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc

Bquæ pu`k` `lgcltrbr=

 Jlncrfbgj÷l scor` dbs f`kjkbs k` s`aurjkbk qu`

D`b bt`ltbf`lt` dbs jlstruggjcl`s k` usc blt`s k`

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Dbs r`gcf`lkbgjcl`s prcpcl`l f`kjkbs pbrb qu`

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! pu`k` prckugjrs` ul kbòc `l `d `qujpc.

U_@GBPGJ×L jlkjgb ul rj`sac lc jlfjl`lt`, p`rc sæ dbt`lt`, qu` pu`k`

BK^@_[@LGJB jlkjgb ul rj`sac jlfjl`lt` qu` pu`k` prcvcgbr ulb d`sj÷l

?. Jlkjgbgjcl`s a`l`rbd`s k` s`aurjkbk

Db r`spclsbojdjkbk pbrb `d nulgjclbfj`ltc k`d `qujpc

H`jl`l + Dþw`lst`jl lc bsuf` db r`spclsbojdjkbk pcr

Gbfpc k` bpdjgbgj÷l _`spjrbkcr pbrb db v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb jlvbsjvb y

bdt`rlbtjvc k` Kurblt` `d usc k`d r`spjrbkcr k`o` `stbr kjspcljod`

Fckcs k` v`ltjdbgj÷l f`gâljgb @d r`spjrbkcr hb sjkc k`sbrrcddbkc pbrb `m`gutbr dcs

U`rsclbd k` f blkc p`rfjtjkc @d `qujpc `s cp`rbkc pcr ul fêkjgc c oj`l obmc su

Gcltrcdbr p`rj÷kjgbf`lt` db sbturbgj÷l Dcs pbrâf`trcs `rr÷l`cs k` r`spjrbgj÷l pu`k`l

Psbr ul `qujpc k` fcljtcr jzbgj÷l

Fckjnjgbgjcl`s `l `d `qujpc Lc s` p`rfjt`l fckjnjgbgjcl`s `l `d `qujpc sjl db

Gcfojlbgj÷l gcl ctrcs `qujpcs Db gcfojlbgj÷l gcl `qujpcs qu` s` f`lgjclbl `l

Abs`s bkfjtjkcs @d r`spjrbkcr `s bptc pbrb db gcl`xj÷l k` cxæa`lc y

25 _`v ?.7.7

Fblt`ljfj`ltc @l `st` `qujpc s` trbtb k` ul r`spjrbkcr qu` hb sjkc

@stbkc k`ojkc ¡@l gbsc k` k`t`gtbr ul `rrcr kurblt` db `m`gugj÷l k`

Lc d`vbltbr `l sbdbs gcl rj`sac k` @d r`spjrbkcr, dbs obt`ræbs y db `stbgj÷l k` gbrab

Lc guorjr lj d`vbltbr obmc gclkjgjcl`s @d r`spjrbkcr lc k`o` guorjrs` lj d`vbltbrs` k` tbd

W÷dc bgg`scrjcs butcrjzbkcs

Wjl tuocs bltj`stâtjgcs c Dcs tuocs bltj`stâtjgcs c gcl gclkugtjvjkbk `dêgtrjgb

Kjsfjlugj÷l fbycr k` pr`sj÷l b gbusb Db kjsfjlugj÷l k` pr`sj÷l b trbvês k`d sjst`fb

`lscr`s Dbs nulgjcl`s `rr÷l`bs k` dcs s`lscr`s pu`k`l

Gcltrcdbr dcs bmust`s blt`s k` db Dcs pbrâf`trcs `rr÷l`cs k` r`spjrbgj÷l pu`k`l

@vjtbr gcrrj`lt`s k` gcltbgtc Lc tcgbr sjfudtâl`bf`lt` `d pbgj`lt` y `d `qujpc.

2? _`v ?.7.7

Lc k`snjorjdbr kurblt` db v`ltjdbgj÷l @d r`spjrbkcr lc gu`ltb gcl ulb prct`ggj÷l gcltrb db

Ucl`r bt`lgj÷l `l db kurbgj÷l ýtjd k` K`spuês k` trblsgurrjr `d tj`fpc r`stblt` k` obt`ræb

Jlkjgbgjcl`s bkjgjclbd`s pbrb db cxjf`træb k` pudsc

Psc pr`vjstc @d pudscxæf`trc Fbsjfc s` utjdjzb pbrb db f`kjgj÷l

Djfjtbgjcl`s @d pudscxæf`trc lc k`o` utjdjzbrs` gcfc fcljtcr k`

Wustblgjbs p`rturobkcrbs Gbrocxjh`fcadcojlb pu`k` `d`vbr `rr÷l`bf`lt` dcs

2; _`v ?.7.7

7. Kbtcs têgljgcs y vcduf`l k` sufjljstrc

Db kcguf`ltbgj÷l têgljgb pu`k` scdjgjtbrs` k`d

Abrbltæb k` vcduf`l `spjrbtcrjc

2> _`v ?.7.7

GUBU lGUBU HNC

Ur`sj÷l pcsjtjvb, k` `spjrbgj÷l njlbd

28 _`v ?.7.7

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_`sjst`lgjb k` sjst`fb gcl 75 d/fjl 4 ?5 fobr/d/s

_`sjst`lgjb k` sjst`fb gcl 0 d/fjl 4 2? fobr/d/s

_`sjst`lgjb jlspjrbtcrjb 4 2? fobr/d/s

_`sjst`lgjb `spjrbtcrjb 4 8 fobr/d/s

Ur`gjsjcl`s k` db jlkjg bgj÷l k` dcs

Ur`sj÷l k` `spjrbgj÷l pcsjtjvb (U@@U)

* 71µG, pr`sj÷l bfoj`ltbd, 255% k` huf`kbk k`d bjr`

^cduf`l k` gjgdc r `spjrbtcrjc (^tj,

Gcfpdjblgjb kjlâfjgb (Gkyl)