CMSC 21: Laboratory Exercise on Structured Programming Outline of Steps: 1. Structured Walk-through (Requirement Analysis) 2.
Step-wise refinement (Top-down Design) 3. Modular Design 4. Bottom-up Coding (Implementation) 5. Testing using Stubs 6. White Box & Black Box Testing 7. Structured Documentation A. Structured Walk-through (Reqt Analysis) Problem: Create a program that computes for the surface area and volume of the 3D geometric figure below:
Input: R, L, W, H1, H2 Output: Surface Area, Volume Constraints: 1. Ready-made formula that should NOT be used (should be derived instead) a. Surface Area of Cylinder b. Volume of Cylinder c. Surface Area of Rectangular Prism d. Volume of Rectangular Prism Page 1 of 4
2.
Ready-made formula that are allowed to be used a. Area of Circle b. Area of Rectangle c. Circumference of Circle (to be guessed by the designer)
B. Step-wise refinement (Top-down Design; Interaction Diagram) Main
Surface Area of Object
Volume of Object
Surface Area Cylinder
Surface Area of Rectangular Prism
Volume of Cylinder
Volume of Rectangular Prism
Area of Circle Circumference of Circle Area of Rectangle
C. Modular Design (I/O Specification, Description, Algo) 1. Module: Main Description: Given R, L, W, H1, H2 values, display on the screen the surface area & volume of the 3D object Input: Output: Algo: read values from the keyboard, call Modules 2 & 3 2. Module: Surface Area of Object Description: (implied) Input: R, L, W, H1, H2 Output: Surface Area Page 2 of 4
3. Module: Volume of Object Description: (implied) Input: R, L, W, H1, H2 Output: Volume 4. Module: Surface Area of Cylinder Description: (implied) Input: radius, height Output: Surface Area 5. Module: Surface Area of Rectangular Prism Description: (implied) Input: length, width, height Output: Surface Area 6. Module: Volume of Cylinder Description: (implied) Input: radius, height Output: volume 7. Module: Volume of Rectangular Prism Description: (implied) Input: length, width, height Output: volume 8. Module: Circumference of Circle Description: (implied) Input: radius Output: circumference 9. Module: Area of Rectangle Description: (implied) Input: length, width Output: area 10. Module: Area of Circle Description: (implied) Input: radius Output: area D. Bottom-up Coding Constraint: No global variable See source code: 1. write prototypes (bottom-up) 2. define modules (bottom-up) Page 3 of 4
E. Testing using Stubs (hands-on) F. White Box/Black Box Testing (hands-on) G. Structured Documentation - finalize interaction diagram, module description, source code document ------------------------------------Comments: improvement - reusability of Area of Rectangle Module (note: called more than once, w/ different parameters) - (drawback) Area of Circle Module, called more than once, yet w/ same parameter (hence, not a manifestation of code reuse): resolution call once, then pass result to needing module (advance topic, due to the use of pointers when a module needs to return more than one value; use of global variable isnt a preferred solution) - Implementation may be combination of top-down & bottom up strategy (stubbing is crucial here) - The steps above may not represent the standard (if any) SoftEngg approach
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