Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VIII
Division of Samar
CLARENCIO CALAGOS MEMORIAL SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
Sta. Margarita, Samar

MAPEH 9 – MUSIC LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET QUARTER 4

DINHE KAM MAG-AANSWER. 😊

NAME: ____________________________________________ Grade/Section: ______________________

ASSESSMENT:
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on
the space before each number.
____1. German composer who developed lieder.
a. F. Schubert b. F. Lizst c. Bizet d. G. Puccini
____2. The following opera were written by Giuseppi Verdi except for;
a. Tristan and Isolde b. Rigolleto c. Aida d. La Traviata
____3. French composer who became famous for his opera “Carmen”.
a. G. Bizet b. G. Verdi c. G. Puccini d. R. Wagner
____4. Solo singing part in an opera.
a. Act b. Aria c. Prelude d. Postlude
____5. Romantic vocal forms like the art song and operas were mostly about;
a. Resurrection b. Fantasy c. Advent d. Halloween
____6. Filipino singer that won international awards like the Olivier and Tony for her exemplary performance in “Miss
Saigon.”
a. Sarah Geronimo b. Leah Salonga c. Imelda Papin d. Pilita Corrales
____7. The book that the composer and librettist put together is called a _________.
a. Piece b. Script c. Score d. Sheet
____8. The highest soprano voice.
a. Tenor b. Mezzo-soprano c. Coloratura d. Contralto
____9. A rapidly repeated slight pitch variation during a sustained note, to give a richer & more varied sound.
a. Glissando b. Tessitura c. Falsetto d. Vibrato
____10. A Declamatory singing, used in the prose parts and dialogue of opera.
a. Libretto b. Cantabile c. A Capella d. Recitative

II. IDENTIFICATION. Identify the Type of Voice (For Male Voice: Tenor / Baritone / Bass and For Female Voice: Soprano
/ Mezzo-soprano / Contralto) of the following Filipino Artists. If possible, search them in youtube.com so you can listen
to their voice. Write only ONE TYPE OF VOICE FOR EACH ITEM. Write your answers on the space provided.

1. Jaya - _______________________________ 6. Regine Velasquez - ________________________

2. Martin Nievera - _______________________ 7. Ogie Alcasid - _____________________________
3. Toni Gonzaga - _______________________ 8. Morisette Amon - __________________________
4. Jed Madela - _________________________ 9. Richard Poon - ____________________________
5. Clarisse De Guzman - __________________ 10. Sarah Geronimo - _________________________

III. TRUE OR FALSE. Write true if the statement is correct; false if it is wrong. Write your answers on the space before
each number.
_______ 1. Training to sing for opera usually requires a long process of voice lessons or study.
_______ 2. The aria or solo singing part is what the public will remember best when leaving the opera house.
_______ 3. For opera, the performance is about the quality of sound that the singer makes.
_______ 4. Opera singing requires one to sing loud enough to be heard over an orchestra in large halls.
_______ 5. An opera is usually accompanied by a band or musical ensemble.
_______ 6. Bel canto literally means beautiful singing.
_______ 7. Different roles in Operas are created taking into account different types of voices.
_______ 8. The entire length of an opera can be one to two hours.
_______ 9. The focus of the performance in an opera is in acting ability of the performer.
_______10. Training for opera singing does not necessarily entail starting early in life.
 Republic of the Philippines FOR 1 WEEK ONLY
Department of Education
Region VIII
Division of Samar
CLARENCIO CALAGOS MEMORIAL SCHOOL OF FISHERIES
Sta. Margarita, Samar

MAPEH 9 – MUSIC MODULE QUARTER 4

AYAW ANAY INI IBALIK SA ENVELOPE. 😊
PERFORMANCE STANDARD: The learner sings and performs themes of selected songs from the Romantic
Period.
OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe how an idea or story in a musical play is presented by watching a live performance or video
excerpt (MU10MM-IIIa-h-1)
2. Explain how theatrical elements in a selected part of a musical play are combined with music and media
to achieve certain effects (MU10MM-IIIa-h-2)
3. Create appropriate sounds, music, gestures, movements, and costume using media and technology for a
selected part of a musical play (MU10MM-IIIc-h-4)
4. Perform an excerpt from a 20th or 21st century Philippine musical and highlight its similarities and
differences to other western musical play. (MU10MM-IIIg-h-5)

Vocal Music of the Romantic Period

Vocal music is one of the best tools for expressing one’s feelings. This form of expression became more
evident during the Romantic period. Romanticism coincided with the Industrial Revolution in Western Europe that
brought about the rise of socialism and capitalism. The Romantic Period’s basic quality is emotional subjectivity.
Composers explore feelings of grandiosity, intimacy, unpredictability, sad, rapture and longing.
Romantic vocal forms like the art song and operas were about fantasy, supernatural, romance and the
nature as mirror of the human heart. Virtuoso performers are not only instrumentalists but also singers. One
singer sometimes sounds like several characters by use of different vocal register. To fully understand and
appreciate vocal music of the Romantic Period, this unit will let you experience the cultural developments and
artistic forms of expression of the period. By understanding the past, we learn to appreciate the things we enjoy
today.

What to know?

The parallelisms of music and literature were clearly evident in almost all forms of vocal music during the
Romantic period. Composers interpret poems, mood, atmosphere and imagery into music. Musical compositions
suc as the art song was written for solo voice and piano. Like all program music, art song has its inspiration from
poetry in this period. Mood is often set at the beginning with piano introduction and concluded with a piano
postlude.

1. MELODY: Long, lyrical melodies with irregular phrases. Extensive use of chromaticism; vivid contrasts
and has a variety of melodic ideas within one movement.
2. RHYTHM: Frequent changes in both tempo and time signature.
3. TEXTURE: Homophonic
4. TIMBRE: Great variety of tone color; woodwind and brass sections of the orchestra increased; rich and
colourful orchestration.

Romantic artists found inspiration in landscapes. Their subjects were traditional myths, legends and folklore
usually dealing with the supernatural, grotesque, and less ordinary.
Vocal music in this period requires singers to perform a greater range of tone color, dynamics and pitch.
Because of this, Opera became an important source of musical expressions. The birth of the opera houses
came. It was the place where all the arts converged: not only music, but poetry, painting, architecture and the
dance as well.

Composer of Vocal during the Romantic Period

Franz Peter Schubert
The proper name for Franz Schubert songs is actually lieder, which is the German word
for song. Schubert developed lieder so that they had a powerful dramatic impact on the
listeners. He tapped the poetry of writers like Johann Goethe. He is considered the last of
the classical composers and one of the first romantic ones. His famous vocal music works/
Lieder were: “Gretchen am Spinnrade”, “Erlkonig”, “Ellens Gesang III” (“Ave Maria”) and
“Schwanenge sang” (“Swan Song”). He also wrote piano pieces, string quartets, operetta
and the Symphony No.8 in B minor (“Unfinished Symphony”) Schubert was born on the
31st of January 1797 in Himmelpfortgrund, Austria and died in 1828 in Vienna, Austria at
31.

Giuseppe Verdi
A name associated with Romantic opera is that of Verdi. His characters are neither stock
roles nor symbols like those found in German operas. They are more like real persons. He
insisted on a good libretto. He wrote operas with political overtones and for middle-class
audience. Verdi was born in Parma, Italy on October 9, 1813. He studied in Busseto and
later went to Milan where his first opera “Oberto” was performed in La Scala, the most
important opera house at the time. Almost all of his works are serious love story with
unhappy ending. Expressive vocal melody is the soul of a Verdi opera. He completed 25
operas throughout his career. His final opera ends with “All the world‟s a joke.”Some of his
famous operas are still being produced and performed worldwide. His much acclaimed
works are; La Traviata, Rigoletto, Falstaff, Otello and Aida were he wrote for the opening
of the Suez Canal. He died in Milan, Italy on January 27,1901.
Giacomo Puccini
He was born in a poor family on December 22, 1858 in Lucca, Italy. He studied at the
Milan Conservatory. He belonged to a group of composers who stressed realism;
therefore, he drew material from everyday life, rejecting heroic themes from mythology
and history. Puccini‟s famous operas were: “La Boheme”, “Tosca”, “Madame Butterfly”,
and “Turandot”.

Richard Wagner
Wilhelm Richard Wagner was born in Leipzig, Germany on May 22, 1813. He attended
Leipzig University. He was very much inspired by Ludwig van Beethoven. Wagner
introduced new ideas in harmony and in form, including extremes of chromaticism. He
also explored the limits of the traditional tonal system that gave keys and chords their
identity pointing the way to the rise of a tonality in the 20th century.
Wagner exerted a strong influence on the operatic medium. He was an advocate of a new
form of opera which he called “music drama” where musical and dramatic elements were
fused together. He developed a compositional style in which the orchestra has of equal
importance in dramatic roles as the singers themselves. The expressiveness is aided by
the use of “leitmotifs” or musical sequences standing for a particular character/plot
element.
His famous works are; Tristan and Isolde, Die Walkure, Die Meistersinger, Tannhauser
and Parsifal. His work would later influence modern film scores, including those of the
Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings film series. Wagner died of a heart attack on February
13,1883 at age of 69.
Georges Bizet
Georges Bizet was registered with the legal name Alexandre-Cesar-Leopold Bizet, but
was baptized Georges Bizet and was always known by the latter name. He was born
October 25, 1838 in Paris, France. He entered the Paris Conservatory of music at a very
young age.
Bizet became famous for his operas. His most famous opera is “Carmen”. However, when
“Carmen” first opened in Paris, the reviews were terrible. The shows were criticized in
horrible ways that resulted in poor audience attendance.
During the first round of “Carmen” performances, Bizet diesterpieced (June 3, 1875). He
was only 36. Four months later, “Carmen” opened in Vienna, Austria, and was a smash
hit. It is now one of the most popular operas ever written. Bizet never knew that audiences
would come to consider it as his masterpiece.
 ROMANTIC OPERA
Opera became increasingly popular during the Romantic period. It is a story (libretto) told by the composers through
music while using the words of the librettist. They work closely together to tell the story. The book that the composer and
librettist put together is called a score. The score has all the musical notes, words and ideas to help the performers tell the
story. Often, there are operas with overtures, preludes, prologues, several acts, finales and postludes. During each Act, the
story unfolds through the music that the singers sing. Sometimes there is spoken dialogue without music. Different roles in
Operas are created taking into account different types of voices. Each role requires a different type of singer, not only able
to sing a given vocal range but also with certain voice characteristics, color and power. Most dialogues are sang or in
recitative style. Certain Aria or solo singing part is what the public will remember best when leaving the opera house.
Properly and well sung, a beautiful aria can bring an audience to its feet and decide the fate of an entire opera.

Components of an Opera
 Libretto - the texts of an opera. Librettist and the composer work closely together to tell the story.
 Score - the book that the composer and librettist put together. The score has all the musical notes, words and ideas
to help the performers tell the story. Often, there are operas with overtures, preludes, prologues, several acts,
finales and postludes.
 Recitative - Declamatory singing, used in the prose parts and dialogue of opera. Different roles in operas are
created taking into account different types of voices. Each role requires a different type of singer, not only able to
sing a given vocal range but also with certain voice characteristics, color and power.
 Aria – an air or solo singing part that the public will remember best when leaving the opera house. Properly and well
sung, a beautiful aria can bring an audience to its feet and decide the fate of an entire opera.

Voice Classification
It is also important to know the types of voices of singers. This will serve as a guide for singers on their choice of
songs and vocal quality expected of a singer or opera character.
For the Male Voice:
 Tenor- highest male voice
 Baritone- Middle male voice, lies between Bass and Tenor voices.
It is the common male voice.
 Bass- lowest male voice
For the Female Voice:
 Soprano- highest female voice
 Coloratura-highest soprano voice
o Lyric-bright and full sound
o Dramatic- darker full sound
 Mezzo-Soprano- most common female voice; strong middle voice,
tone is darker or deeper than the soprano
 Contralto- lowest female voice and most unique among female
 Duet, trio, and other small ensemble
 Chorus
 Orchestra
 Acts- main divisions of an opera
 Scene- setting or place
Composers like Verdi, Puccini and Wagner saw the opportunity to
explore ways to develop the vocal power of a singer. Greater range
of tone color, dynamics and pitch were employed.
Dynamics and vocal embellishments were used to further affect the
way singers sing. Some musical terms are used like:
 A Capella - one or more singers performing without
instrumental accompaniment.
 Cantabile - In a singing style
 Capo - Head, the beginning
 Coda - closing section appended to a movement or song.
 Dolce - sweetly
 Falsetto - a weaker and more airy voice usually in the higher
pitch ranges.
 Glissando - sliding quickly between 2 notes
 Passagio - parts of a singing voice where register transitions
occur.
 Rubato - slight speeding up or slowing down of the tempo of a
piece at the discretion of the soloist.
 Tessitura - the most comfortable singing range of a singer.
 Vibrato - rapidly repeated slight pitch variation during a
sustained note, to give a richer & more varied sound.
 Vocal Techniques
Training to sing for opera usually requires a long process of voice lessons or study. It also requires a lengthy time of
practice for you to master your voice.
For many singers, the long process of studying also means starting early in life. The list below shows you the
different aspects that you need to learn as you train for opera.
 Sound: For opera, the performance is about the quality of sound that the singer makes. Singing opera requires you
to sing long phrases and to sing loud enough to be heard over an orchestra in large halls.
 “Bel Canto” technique: When singing opera, the focus of the performance is on the singing technique. Opera
technique is called bel canto, which literally means beautiful singing. This is done by singing with your mouth and
throat wide open and used with the proper breath support to project the voice through the entire hall. Endurance for
long operas is an issue for singers. You have to practice a lot so that you can sing well for the entire length of the
opera, which can be two to four hours.
 Language: Opera singers often sing in Italian, French, German, or Russian. You don’t have to be fluent in all these
languages, but you want to be familiar enough with them that you can easily sing and sound like you are fluent in
these languages. You can work with a teacher or coach when training for each aria or opera, or you can take
classes (called diction classes) to help you see the words and pronounce them correctly. You also want to be able
to translate what your scene partner says and react appropriately if you don’t know what your scene partner said

Fundamentals of Singing
A. Breathing
- There are two sides of breathing-inhaling and exhaling- and both play an important role in singing. Breathing is
a natural biological function but you can control how you breathe in order to develop your best singing voice.
Learn how to expand your lung capacity, control your exhalation, and release air without making breathing
noises.
B. Controlling Tone Quality
- The timbre of the voice describes its tone quality. Some singer’s refer to “head” and “chest” voice. Generally, the
lower the pitch, the lower it resonates. The voice often “breaks” and the tone quality changes on certain pitches.
The key is to realize that the registers are not actually separate mechanism, just have different levels on a
continuous scale.
 Chest Voice - This part of our voice is the most easily developed and recognized because it is used in
everyday speech. It is termed chest voice because of the sound resonating and vibrating in the chest
cavity. Take a moment to put your hand on your chest and speak as if you are in a conversation. Being
the most natural and common register there is a tendency for novice singers to take their chest voice
too high. This will result in a yelling sound and will cause vocal fatigue. A “changing of gears” is required
to allow the voice to freely ascend into higher singing.
 Head Voice - In order for the voice ascend into higher singing a “gear change” needs to occur. Your
chest voice will eventually change as you take the chest voice up. There will be a point where you
cannot sing any higher. This point is where you need to switch to your “head voice”. It is termed head
voice because the vibrating sensation moves from your chest cavity to the cavities in the face and nose.
It is a much thinner sound and feels lighter.
C. Posture
- Proper posture promotes efficient breathing which is essential to projection, tone quality, and vocal range. The
ideal posture for singing is erect yet relaxed. Overall good health and physical fitness are also important. D.
D. Vocal Range
- One major goal of every singer is to have a well-developed and impressive singing range. In order to achieve
this, a singer should establish good vocal habits in the most comfortable placement of the voice and then slowly
expanding the range.
E. Endurance
- Singers are expected to perform well even it will take an hour or more to perform. Endurance is expected from
singers who also practice long hours to give a good and memorable performance

Chromaticism- The use of notes foreign to the mode or diatonic scale upon which composition is based.
Postlude- a closing piece of music.
Overtures- An instrumental composition intended especially as an introduction to an extended work, such as an
opera.
Preludes- Usually brief generally played as an introduction to another larger musical piece.

RESOURCES (READING MATERIALS):

Readings: Wright, Craig (2010) Listening to Music 5th Edition Kamien, Roger (2008)
Music An Appreciation 9th Edition Yudkin, Jeremy ( 2012)
Understanding Music 7th Edition Machlis, Joseph and Forney, Kristine (2011)
The Enjoyment of Music 9th Edition

Answers Key. MUSIC QUARTER 4

I.
1. A
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. B
6. B
7. C
8. C
9. D
10. D

II.
1. Contralto
2. Tenor
3. Contralto
4. Tenor
5. Contralto
6. Soprano
7. Baritone
8. Soprano
9. Baritone
10. Soprano

III.
1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. TRUE
4. TRUE
5. TRUE
6. TRUE
7. TRUE
8. FALSE
9. FALSE
10. FALSE