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    Bufe Aaron A. Boiler Furnace

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    Arabia, Elmo C.
    The document summarizes the design calculations for key components of a steam boiler system, including: 1) The boiler is designed to have a rated horsepower of 116.31 HP and require 92 boiler tubes based on the specified heating surface area and tube dimensions. 2) The furnace is designed to have dimensions of 8.5 m width, 12.7 m length, and 4.1 m height to accommodate the total calculated heat input of 119,123,389 kcal/hr based on fuel and air heat values. 3) The stack is designed with a diameter of 4.16 m and height of 30.74 m to discharge the flue gases at 7.12 m/s based

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    Bufe Aaron A. Boiler Furnace

    Uploaded by

    Arabia, Elmo C.
    43 views6 pages
    The document summarizes the design calculations for key components of a steam boiler system, including: 1) The boiler is designed to have a rated horsepower of 116.31 HP and require 92 boiler tubes based on the specified heating surface area and tube dimensions. 2) The furnace is designed to have dimensions of 8.5 m width, 12.7 m length, and 4.1 m height to accommodate the total calculated heat input of 119,123,389 kcal/hr based on fuel and air heat values. 3) The stack is designed with a diameter of 4.16 m and height of 30.74 m to discharge the flue gases at 7.12 m/s based

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    Bufe Aaron a. Boiler Furnace

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    The document summarizes the design calculations for key components of a steam boiler system, including: 1) The boiler is designed to have a rated horsepower of 116.31 HP and require 92 boiler tubes based on the specified heating surface area and tube dimensions. 2) The furnace is designed to have dimensions of 8.5 m width, 12.7 m length, and 4.1 m height to accommodate the total calculated heat input of 119,123,389 kcal/hr based on fuel and air heat values. 3) The stack is designed with a diameter of 4.16 m and height of 30.74 m to discharge the flue gases at 7.12 m/s based

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    43 views6 pages

    Bufe Aaron A. Boiler Furnace

    Uploaded by

    Arabia, Elmo C.
    The document summarizes the design calculations for key components of a steam boiler system, including: 1) The boiler is designed to have a rated horsepower of 116.31 HP and require 92 boiler tubes based on the specified heating surface area and tube dimensions. 2) The furnace is designed to have dimensions of 8.5 m width, 12.7 m length, and 4.1 m height to accommodate the total calculated heat input of 119,123,389 kcal/hr based on fuel and air heat values. 3) The stack is designed with a diameter of 4.16 m and height of 30.74 m to discharge the flue gases at 7.12 m/s based

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    of 6

    Design of Steam Boiler

    Developed Boiler Horsepower


    (𝑚𝑠 + 𝑚𝑚 (3600)[(ℎ1 − ℎ12 )]
    𝐷𝐵𝐻 =
    35322
    1.02(54.49)(3600)[(2778.45 − 828.46)]
    =
    35322
    =11025.77 𝐵𝑜. 𝐻𝑝.
    Rated Boiler horsepower
    𝐷𝐵𝐻 11025.77
    𝐵𝑅 = 𝑋100% 𝑅𝐵𝐻 =
    𝑅𝐵𝐻 120

    = 116.3102396 𝐵𝑜. 𝐻𝑝.


    Where BR= Boiler rating (100% to 150% say use 150%)

    Heating Surface of Boiler Tubes


    𝐻. 𝑆.
    𝑅𝐵𝐻 =
    𝐾
    Where:
    H.S.= Boiler Heating Surface
    K = 0.91 for water Tube
    = 1.0 for fire tube
    From PPE by Morse page 295
    H.S. = 116.3102 (0.91)
    = 105.8423 𝑚2

    Total number of tubes


    From page 8-187 Table 8.t.23 of Mark’s Mechanical Engineering
    Handbook
    𝐷0 Schedule # Thickness (mm)
    2” = 0.060325m 40 3.91
    𝑈𝑠𝑒 𝐿 = 20 𝑓𝑡 = 6.098 𝑚
    𝐻. 𝑆. = 𝜋𝑑0 𝐿𝑡 𝑛𝑡

    105.842318
    𝑛𝑡 =
    𝜋(0.060325)(6.098)
    = 91.5915 𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑒𝑠 𝑆𝑎𝑦 92 𝑇𝑢𝑏𝑒𝑒𝑠
    Note: Lay-out the tube and choose best design fitted for the plant see page.

    Design of Furnace
    Computed heat of fuel Energy – in Make- up Water
    𝑄𝑎 = 2958.64kJ/S = 2,545,674.95 Kcal/hr
    Computed heat of fuel Energy – in Heat from Air.
    𝑄𝑓 = 135,489.21KJ/S = 116,577,714.15Kcal/hr
    Solving for Total Heat, 𝑄𝑡
    𝑄𝑡 = 𝑄𝑓 + 𝑄𝑎 = 116,577,714.15 + 2,545,674.95
    = 119,123,389.1 Kcal/hr

    Area of Furnace
    From page 314, PPE by Morse
    𝑄𝑡
    𝐴=
    𝐻𝑅𝑅
    HRR ranges from 675,000 to 1,350,000 Kcal/𝑚2 − ℎ𝑟
    Use 1,350,000 Kcal/𝑚2 − ℎ𝑟

    Substitute Value
    119,123,389.1
    𝐴= = 108.2940𝑚2
    1,100,000
    But A = L X W ; L = 1.25W then A = 1.25𝑊 2
    Solving for W,

    𝐴 108.29
    𝑊 = √1.50 = √ 1.50
    = 8.497 𝑚 ; 𝐿 = 12.7455 𝑚

    Volume of Furnace
    From page 314, PPE by Morse
    𝑄𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 & 𝐴𝑖𝑟
    𝐴= HRR ranges from 133,500 to 445,000 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙⁄𝑚2 − ℎ𝑟
    𝐻𝑅𝑅𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒

    Use 300,000 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙⁄𝑚2 − ℎ𝑟

    Substitute Value
    𝑄𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 + 𝑄𝑎𝑖𝑟 116,577,714.15 + 2,454,674.95
    𝑉= = = 440,781 𝑚3
    𝐻𝑅𝑅𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 270,255 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙⁄𝑚2 − ℎ𝑟

    Height of Furnace
    𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐹𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑐𝑒 440.781 𝑚3
    𝐻= = = 4.0701 𝑚
    𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝐹𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑐𝑒 108.29 𝑚2

    Design of Stack

    Solving for 𝑃𝐴𝐼𝑅 , 𝑃𝑎 and 𝑃𝐹𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑠 , 𝑃𝑔


    𝑡𝐷𝐵 = 32˚𝐶 ; 𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 305 𝐾
    𝑡𝑔𝐷 = 616.74˚𝐶 ; 𝑇𝑔𝐷 = 889.89 𝐾
    𝑃 101.325 𝑘𝑔
    𝑃𝑎 = = = 1.158 ⁄ 3
    𝑅𝑇 0.287(305) 𝑚

    𝑃𝑔=0.536 𝑘𝑔⁄ 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙


    𝑚3 ,

    Solving for Discharge of gas, 𝑉𝑔


    𝐾𝑔𝐹𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑔𝑎𝑠⁄
    𝑊𝑔 = 51.85 𝑠𝑒𝑐 ,
    From 3nd Checking, Superheater
    𝑊𝑔 51.85 3
    𝑉𝑔 = = = 96.735 𝑚 ⁄𝑠𝑒𝑐
    𝑃𝑔 0.536

    Tabulation for Economical Size of Stack


    x V H, m D, m HxD x V H, m D, m HxD
    1 1 33.29 10.25 341.20 9 9.15 41.90 4.47 187.18
    2 2 33.46 7.59 254.13 10 10.16 44.95 4.42 198.69
    3 3 33.80 6.43 217.24 11 11.18 48.96 4.43 216.74
    4 4 34.34 5.74 197.18 12 12.19 54.22 4.50 243.78
    5 5 35.10 5.29 185.66 13 13.21 61.47 4.65 285.64
    6 6.1 36.26 4.95 179.29 14 14.21 71.67 4.91 352.05
    7 7.12 37.68 4.72 177.92 15 15.21 87.23 5.37 468.7
    8 8.13 39.52 4.57 180.47
    Choose the Minimum H x D use 7.12 m/s se graph
    From the graph of Economical size of stack, page the actual velocity of gas at
    lowest point in the curve yield to
    𝐷𝑚 = 0.004 𝑉 𝑣 2 𝑃𝑔 , page 495 for Mechanical Draft
    Substitute value
    𝐷𝑚 = 0.004(7.12)2 (0.536) = 0.109𝑐𝑚
    𝐷𝑠 = 𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝐷𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑡 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑢𝑠𝑒 2 𝑐𝑚
    Solving for Total Draft, 𝐷𝑇
    𝐷𝑇 = 𝐷𝑆 + 𝐷𝑀 = 2 + 0.109 = 2.109 𝑐𝑚
    Solving for Draft for stack, 𝐷30

    𝑉𝑔2
    𝐷30 = 𝑘(𝑃𝑎 − 𝑃𝑔 ) – 0.007578 𝑃𝑎 √
    𝑉𝑔

    k for Steal Stack = 2.4


    Substitute Value

    (7.12)2
    𝐷30 = 2.4(1.158 − 0.536) − 0.007578(1.158)√
    96.735

    𝐷30 = 1.4928 − 0.008771535(13.7533) = 1.3721 𝑚

    Height of Stack
    The height should be higher than the tallest structure in the vicinity say use factor of 10
    𝐷𝑇 2.496
    𝐻= (20) = (20) = 30.74 𝑚
    𝐷30 1.3721
    Diameter of Stack
    𝛿𝑔 = 𝐴 𝑉𝑔 = 0.7854𝐷2 𝑉 𝑔
    96.735
    𝐷=√ = 4.16 𝑚
    7.12

    Assume 1˚ angle
    X = H tan 1˚ = 30.74 tan 1˚ = 0.54 m
    Solving for diameter of Base
    𝐷𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒 = 𝐷 + 2𝑋
    = 4.16 + 2 (0.54)
    = 5.24 m

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