Q4_Q5 19-12-2024

Question 5 (Bearing)
Always with the same following scheme:
At the bearing supports B and D, the rolling bearings sustain radial and axial loads as
calculated in Question 4a. These bearings are designed for a lifetime of 𝐻 = 3500 hours.
The shaft speed is derived from Question 2a, and the diameter of the shaft journals at the
bearing locations is determined in Question 4c. Given 𝐾𝜎 = 1 and 𝐾𝑡 = 1, calculate:
(a) The radial loads acting on bearings B and D.
(b) The bearing lifetime (in million revolutions) and the equivalent dynamic load 𝑄 (in kN).
(c) Select a standard bearing and determine its actual lifetime.
Bearing specifications table:
Bearing Code 𝐶 (kN) 𝐶0 (kN)

106 10.4 7.02
107 12.5 8.66
206 15.3 10.2
207 20.1 13.9
306 22.0 15.1
307 26.2 17.9
406 37.2 27.2
407 43.6 31.7
Solution
(a) Radial Loads Acting on Bearings B and D:
The radial loads are calculated using the support reaction forces from Question 4a :
• Radial load on bearing 𝐵:
2 2
𝐹𝑟𝐵 = √𝑅𝐵𝑥 + 𝑅𝐵𝑦 = √2963.7932 + 1945.5692
𝐹𝑟𝐵 = 3545.322 N
• Radial load on bearing 𝐷:
2 2
𝐹𝑟𝐷 = √𝑅𝐷𝑥 + 𝑅𝐷𝑦 = √2963.7932 + 1727.4782
𝐹𝑟𝐷 = 3430.488 N
Since 𝐹𝑟𝐵 > 𝐹𝑟𝐷 , the design will focus on 𝐹𝑟𝐵 .
(b) Bearing Lifetime and Equivalent Dynamic Load:
Lifetime in million revolutions (L): Using the formula for lifetime:

60 ⋅ 𝑛 ⋅ ℎ
L=
106
Substitute values:
60 ⋅ 580 ⋅ 3500
𝐿= = 121.8 million revolutions
106
Equivalent dynamic load (𝑄): The equivalent load is given by:
𝑄 = (𝑋 ⋅ 𝑉 ⋅ 𝐹𝑟 + 𝑌 ⋅ 𝐹𝑎 ) ⋅ 𝐾𝜎 ⋅ 𝐾𝑡
Where:
• 𝐹𝑟 = 3545.322 N, 𝐹𝑎 = 964.85 N,
• 𝑉 = 1 (inner ring rotates),
• 𝑋 = 0.56, 𝑌 = 1.63 (from bearing charts),
• 𝐾𝜎 = 1, 𝐾𝑡 = 1.
Substitute values:
𝑄 = (0.56 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 3545.322 + 1.63 ⋅ 964.85) ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1
𝑄 = 3558.082 N = 3.558 kN
(c) Selection of Standard Bearing and Actual Lifetime:
Dynamic Load Capacity (𝐶): For a bearing lifetime, the dynamic load capacity must satisfy:
3
𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑞 = 𝑄 ⋅ √𝐿
Substitute values:
𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑞 = 3.558 ⋅ 121.81/3 = 17.637 kN
From the table, select bearing 207 with 𝐶 = 20.1 kN, which satisfies 𝐶 ≥ 𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑞 .
Actual Lifetime:
𝐶 𝑚
𝐿𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 =( )
𝑄
Where 𝑚 = 3:
20.1 3
𝐿𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 =( ) = 180.277 million revolutions
3.558
Lifetime in hours:
106 ⋅ 𝐿𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙
𝐿=
60 ⋅ 𝑛
Substitute values:
106 ⋅ 180.277
𝐿= = 5180.373 hours
60 ⋅ 580
Question 4 (Shaft calculation)
Given:
The system contains Shaft I with forces acting due to a belt drive mechanism.
Calculate:
1. Reactions at the supports 𝐵 and 𝐷 due to radial force 𝐹𝑟𝑑 = 2147.787 𝑁.
2. Draw the bending moment diagrams for 𝑀𝑥 , 𝑀𝑦 , and the torsion diagram 𝑇,
annotating their values.
3. Compute the equivalent moment and determine the critical shaft diameter at the most
hazardous section.
Solution
(a) Reactions at Supports 𝐵 and 𝐷:
1. Moment at Gear 1:
𝑑𝑚1 50
𝑀𝑎1 = 𝐹𝑎1 ⋅ = 964.85 ⋅ = 24,121 Nmm
2 2
2. Sum of Moments about 𝐵 in the 𝑦𝑂𝑧 plane:
𝛴𝑀𝑥 /𝐵 = 𝐹𝑟1 ⋅ 125 − 𝑀𝑎1 + 𝐹𝑟𝑑 ⋅ 100 − 𝑅𝐷𝑦 ⋅ 250 = 0
1929.7 ⋅ 125 − 24,121 + 2147.787 ⋅ 100
𝑅𝐷𝑦 = = 1727.478 N
250
3. Sum of Forces in the 𝑦-direction:
𝛴𝐹𝑌 = 𝐹𝑟𝑑 − 𝐹𝑟1 − 𝑅𝐵𝑦 + 𝑅𝐷𝑦 = 0
𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 2147.787 − 1929.7 + 1727.478 = 1945.569 N
4. Sum of Moments about 𝐵 in the 𝑥𝑂𝑧 plane:

𝛴𝑀𝑌 /𝐵 = 𝐹𝑡1 ⋅ 125 − 𝑅𝐷𝑥 ⋅ 250 = 0
5927.59
𝑅𝐵𝑥 = = 2963.793 N
2
5. Sum of Forces in the 𝑥-direction:
𝛴𝐹𝑋 = −𝐹𝑡1 + 𝑅𝐵𝑥 + 𝑅𝐷𝑥 = 0
𝑅𝐷𝑥 = 5927.59 − 2963.793 = 2963.793 N
(b) Bending Moment and Torsion Diagrams:
The moments at critical position C:
o 𝑀𝑥 : 240.055 Nm
o 𝑀𝑦 : 370.474 Nm
o 𝑇: 148.190 Nm
(c) Critical Diameter and Shaft Design:
1. Equivalent Moment:
𝑀𝑒𝑞 = √𝑀𝑥2 + 𝑀𝑦2 + 0.75 ⋅ 𝑇 2
𝑀𝑒𝑞 = √240.0552 + 370.4742 + 0.75 ⋅ 148.1902 = 459.726 Nm

2. Critical Diameter:
The diameter at critical section C is deduced as:
𝑀𝑒𝑞 ⋅ 32 ⋅ 103
𝑑≥√
𝜋 ⋅ [𝜎]
or
𝑀𝑒𝑞 . 103
𝑑≥√
0.1 ⋅ [𝜎]
Substituting values of equivalent moment and the allowable stress of shaft material [𝜎] = 80 MPa,
we have:
459.726 ⋅ 32 ⋅ 103
𝑑≥√ ≈ 37.936 mm
𝜋 ⋅ 80
According to the standard of shaft body, diameter is selected as 𝑑 = 38 mm.
-End-

Q4_Q5 19-12-2024

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Question 5 (Bearing)

Always with the same following scheme:

Bearing Code 𝐶 (kN) 𝐶0 (kN)

(a) Radial Loads Acting on Bearings B and D:

Lifetime in million revolutions (L): Using the formula for lifetime:

(a) Reactions at Supports 𝐵 and 𝐷:

𝑅𝐵𝑦 = 2147.787 − 1929.7 + 1727.478 = 1945.569 N

4. Sum of Moments about 𝐵 in the 𝑥𝑂𝑧 plane:

The moments at critical position C:

𝑀𝑒𝑞 = √𝑀𝑥2 + 𝑀𝑦2 + 0.75 ⋅ 𝑇 2

𝑀𝑒𝑞 = √240.0552 + 370.4742 + 0.75 ⋅ 148.1902 = 459.726 Nm

According to the standard of shaft body, diameter is selected as 𝑑 = 38 mm.

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