First Islamic Community

Wives of the Holy prophet (SAWW): (Mothers of the Believers)

This title is given to the Wives of the Holy prophet (SAWW). This status is derived from the Quran:
“The Prophet is closer to the believers than their selves, and his wives are their mothers” (Al-
Ahzab, 33:6) and it is applied to all of the wives. His wives were not allowed to marry any one after
the death of the Holy Prophet (SAWW).
Hazrat Khadija:
• Hazrat Khadija also known by the name of Tahira was daughter of Khawalid
bin Asad and Fatima bint Zaidah.
• She came of a noble and prosperous Quraish family.
• She had been married to Abu Hala bin Zurarah and was the mother of two
sons i.e., Hala and Hind.
• As such as she was also known as Umm-e-Hind.
• After the death of her first husband she was married to Ateeq bin Aabid
Makhzomi, who died leaving her a widow again. She had a daughter from him
who was named Hindah.
• She was twice widowed.
• She was a renowned female trader of her times.
• In 595 A.D she sent a marriage proposal to the Prophet.
• It was accepted on the Prophet’s behalf by his uncle Abu Talib.
• She married Holy Prophet (pbuh) in the age of 40and Holy Prophet (pbuh) was
25 years old.
• She died in the age of 65.
• 15 years older than the Prophet.
• Prophet’s first wife.
• She born to Holy Prophet (pbuh) 2 sons and 4 daughters. Both the sons died in
infancy.
• Mother of the only surviving children of the Prophet (SAWW).
• Holy Prophet (pbuh) did not marry as long she was alive.
• She was first convert to Islam.
• She suffered hard ships and persecutions.
• She gave Holy Prophet (pbuh) moral support when Holy Prophet (pbuh)
received first revelation and financial support by placing her wealth at his
disposal.
• She comforted and reassured the Prophet after he came home with his heart
beating severely after receiving the first revelation.
• She took him to her cousin and Christian scholar, Warqah Bin Naufil.
• She was a pure and pious lady.
• She used to help poors.
 • Holy Prophet (pbuh) once said: "Khadija's love is given to me by Allah".(Al
Hadith)
• Hired Prophet for a trade trip to Syria after hearing accounts of his
trustworthiness.
• Her slave Maisra, who accompanied the Prophet on the trip, told her how well
he had handled the affairs.
• She died in the 10th year of Prophet Hood on 11th Ramazan, three years before
Hijrat.
• She was then sixty –five.
• She was buried at Makkah.
Hazrat Sawdah Bint Zama’a:
• She was the second wife of Holy Prophet (pbuh) after Hazrat Khadija.
• She was once divorced.
• She has been married to Sakran bin Amr.
• She needed protection from her family which was against her.
• Holy Prophet (pbuh) married her to give her protection.
• She had narrated 5 traditions.
• She was early converts of Islam.
• Her dwelling and Hazrat Aisha’s were first the first to be built in the mosque.
• She loved Holy Prophet (pbuh) so much that at his last illness she did not went
for hajj or umrah.
• She also gave her turn when Holy Prophet (pbuh) met every wife in the favour
of Hazrat Aisha.
• Holy Prophet referred to her as the most generous and charitable of his wife’s.
• She was pious and god fearing.
• She got up before dawn for prayers and indulges in them till sun rise.
• She died in the 22 year of hijrat.
• She was buried in Jannat-ul-Baqi.
Hazrat Aisha:
• She was daughter of Hazrat Abu Bakr.
• Holy prophet married her before migration to Madinah.
• She was 10 at the marriage but it was solemnized at attaining maturity.
• They married 10 years after holy prophet received first revelation.
• At Holy Prophet (pbuh) death she was 25 years old.
• She spent rest 48 years as a widow.
• After the death of Holy Prophet (pbuh) she preached and propagated the
message of holy Quran and Hadis.
• She got more allowance than other wives because of her knowledge.
 • She used to convey decisions on religious matters even during the days of first
3 khalifas.
• She is ranked amongst prominent companions of Holy Prophet (pbuh).
• She had memorized 2 thousand, 200 and 10 traditions.
• Holy Prophet (pbuh) was buried in her apartment.
• She often used to purchase slaves and free them.
• She was known by the title of Humaira and Umm e Abdullah.
• She was a pious and god fearing lady.
• She fasted very often and was particular about the pilgrimage.
Hazrat Hafsa:
• Hazrat hafsa was daughter of second Khalifa, Hazrat Umar bin Khattab.
• She was born 5 year before prophet hood.
• She was once widowed.
• Holy prophet married her to strengthen ties with Hazrat Umar and his tribe.
• Hazrat Hafsa died in the month of Shaban 45 A.H and is buried in jannat-ul-
baqi.
• She was rank second to Hazrat Aisha for desire for knowledge.
• She has narrated about 60 traditions.
• She was the custodian of the original copy of the holy Quran compiled by Zaid
bin Sabit.
• She was an extremely religious lady, known for her devotion to prayer and
fasting.
• She gave her property to poor and needy.
Hazrat Zainab bint Khuzimah:
• She was the daughter of Khuzimah bin Harith.
• She was once divorced and was poor.
• Many people proposed her but she rejected them.
• Holy Prophet (pbuh) married her in the month of Ramzan, 3rd A.H.
• She died after 3 months and is buried in jannat-ul-baqi.
• She was 30 year old when she died.
• Holy Prophet (pbuh) led her funeral prayers.
• She used to help poor for which she was called Umm ul Masakin.
• She was a very kind lady.
• No poor returned empty handed from her house.
• She had no match in benevolence and generosity.
Hazrat Umm e Salmah:
• Her real name was Hind bint Abi Umayyah. But was called Umm e Salmah
because of her son Salamah from her first husband Abdullah bin Asad.
 • She belonged to house of makzoom a tribe of quraish.
• Her father was leader of tribe, who had taken part in the battle of Badr and
Uhad.
• They were rich and wealthy people.
• She was 84 at the time of her death, and as such she was born 9 years before
Prophet Hood (Nubuwwat).
• Her funeral was led by Hazrat Abu Hurairah and she was buried in jannat-ul-
baqi.
• She embraced Islam with her husband and is considered to have been one of
the earliest Muslims.
• She first migrated to Abissinia with her husband. From there she came to
Makkah.
• She was the first woman to migrate to Madinah.
• In Madinah her stay with her husband was short-lived.
• In the battle of Uhad, her husband received injuries that proved fatal ( bringing death.
Similar: Mortal: causing or capable of causing death. Disastrous,).
• After the completion of Iddat (waiting period), the Holy Prophet (SAWW) proposed
to marry her. She accepted the offer.
• She was married to Holy Prophet (pbuh) in the end of Shawwal, 4 A.H.
• She was second to Aisha in learning.
• She was very keen to learn traditions.
• She narrated 378 Ahadis.
• She was an impressive reader of the Holy Qur’an and her style of recitation
was identical (equal, equivalent) to Holy Prophet (pbuh).
• She was modest and generous.
• She used to lead a simple and pious life.
• She had intense love for the Holy Prophet (SAWW) and was extremely
devoted to him.
• She outlived all the wives of the Holy Prophet (SAWW).
• She died in 63 A.H. at the age of eighty-four.
• Hazrat Abu Hurairah led the funeral prayers and.
• She was buried in Jannat-ul- Baaqi.
Hazrat Zainab bint Jahsh:
• She was the Prophet Mohammad’s (pbuh) first cousin.
• She was daughter of Umaima bint Abdul Muttalib.
• She was first given in marriage by the Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) to his
adopted son Hazrat Zaid bin Hazrath (R.A).
 • When Hazrat Zaid divorced her, she was married to the Prophet Mohammad by
command of Allah, as mentioned in Surah Al Ahzab this took place in 5 A.H.
• At that time she was 35.
• She was born 17 years before Nubuwwat (Prophethood).
• She died in 20 and Umar (R.A) led the funeral service.
• She was 53 at the time of her death.
• Her house was used for extension for Holy Prophet (pbuh) mosque.
• She was the first to meet Holy Prophet (pbuh) in heaven.
• She was pious and generous lady.
• She used to help poor’s.
Hazrat Jawariyah bint Haris:
• She was a war captive and was distributed to another person but she did not
want to go with him and she told this to Holy Prophet (pbuh).
• So he proposed her to marry him so he could pay ransom to him.
• Hazrat Jawariyah agreed and they married.
• As a result many war captives were set free.
• She died in age of 65 during reign of muawiya and buried in jannat-ul-baqi.
• She was a woman of great learning and she quoted many traditions.
• She was a woman of religious mind and spent most of her time in prayers.
Hazrat Ramlah (Umm-e-Habibah):
• She was daughter of Abu Sufyan.
• She was once widowed.
• She was married to Holy Prophet (pbuh) to save her from her father who was
enemy of Islam.
• She died in the age of seventy three.
• She narrated 65 traditions.
• She wanted to help besieged people when Hazrat Usman was besieged in
35A.H in his house but she couldn’t.
• She migrated to another for the sake of Islam and suffered many hardships.
• She was a staunch believer in tenets of Islam.
• She was a devoted and loving wife of Holy Prophet (pbuh).
Hazrat Safiyah:
• She was born in madinah and belonged to a Jewish tribe of banu nazir.
• She was a divorced woman.
• She was captive of Khyber war.
• This made a great impact on the Jews, with the result that many accepted Islam.
• Safiyah died in 50 A.H, in the age of 60 and was buried in Jannat-ul-Baqi.
 • She wanted to help besieged people when Hazrat Usman was besieged in
35A.H in his house but she couldn’t.
• She has quoted a number of traditions.
• She was a wise and intelligent woman.
• She was generous and kind hearted.
Hazrat Maimunah bint Haris:
• She belonged to the tribe of Quraish.
• She was sister-in-law of Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib.
• She was once divorced and widowed.
• She married Holy Prophet (pbuh) in 7A.H.
• She died in 51A.H at the age of 73 and was buried in Jannat-ul-Baqi.
• She was found of freeing slaves and of advising Muslim women.
• Holy Prophet (pbuh) called her a “symbol of goodness”.
• 46 traditions are quoted from her.
• She was very pious and humble.
• She was also very learned.
Hazrat Rehana bint Sham’oon

Hazrat Maria Qibtia:

• She came from a respectable and wealthy family.
• She was a present from the Chief of Egypt.
• She embraced Islam before reaching Madinah.
• Later Holy Prophet (pbuh) married her.
• She passed away 5 years after her son passed away and is buried in Jannat-ul –
Baqi.
• She gave birth to the Holy Prophet’s son, Ibrahim by which she rose in esteem
and position among other wives.
• She was second lady after Hazrat Khadija to have son.
• She was respected by first two Khalifas of Islam and got pension.
• She was pious and religious minded.
• She was a kindhearted and charitable woman.
Hazrat Imama Husain:
• َ ‫ي ٱبْن أ َ ِبي‬
Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (Arabic: ‫طالِب‬ ّ ‫ع ِل‬
َ ‫سيْن ٱبْن‬ ْ was born to Hazrat Ali
َ ‫ٱل ُح‬,
and Hazrat Fatimah on Thursday,the third Sha’aban in the fourth year of Hijrah.
 • He was a grandson of the prophet Muhammad and a son of Ali ibn Abi Talib and
Muhammad's daughter Fatimah.
• He is an important figure in Islam as he was a member of the Household of Muhammad
(Ahl al-Bayt) and the People of the Cloak (Ahl al-Kisā'), as well as the third Shia Imam.
• Prior to his death, the Umayyad ruler Mu'awiya appointed his son Yazid as his successor,
contrary to the Hasan-Muawiya treaty.
• When Muawiya died in 680, Yazid demanded that Husayn pledge allegiance to him.
• Husayn refused to pledge allegiance to Yazid, even though it meant sacrificing his life.
• As a consequence, he left Medina, his hometown, to take refuge in Mecca in AH 60.
• There, the people of Kufa sent letters to him, asking his help and pledging their allegiance
to him.
• So he traveled towards Kufa, after getting some favorable indications along with a small
caravan of his relatives and followers, but near Karbala his caravan was intercepted by
Yazid's army.
• He was killed and beheaded in the Battle of Karbala on 10 October 680 (10 Muharram 61
AH) by Yazid, along with most of his family and companions, including Husayn's six-
month old son, Ali al-Asghar, with the women and children taken as prisoners.
• Anger at Husayn's death was turned into a rallying cry that helped undermine
the Umayyad caliphate's legitimacy, and ultimately its overthrow by the Abbasid
Revolution.
• The annual commemoration of Husayn and his children, family and companions occurs
during Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar, and the day he was martyred is
known as Ashura (the tenth day of Muharram, a day of mourning for Shi'i Muslims).
• Husayn's actions at Karbala fueled later Shi'a movements, and his death was decisive in
shaping Islamic and Shi'a history.
• The timing of Husayn's life and death were crucial as they were in one of the most
challenging periods of the seventh century.
• During this time, Umayyad oppression was rampant, and the stand that Husayn and his
followers took became a symbol of resistance inspiring future uprisings against
oppressors and injustice. Throughout history, many notable personalities, such as Nelson
Mandela and Mahatma Gandhi, have cited Husayn's stand against oppression as an
example for their own fights against injustice.

Companions of the Prophet or aṣ-ṣaḥābah

(Arabic: ُ‫ص َحا َبة‬
َّ ‫ اَل‬meaning "the companions", from the verb ‫ب‬
َ ِ‫صح‬
َ meaning "accompany", "keep
company with", "associate with") were the disciples and followers of Muhammad who "saw or met the
 prophet during his lifetime and were physically in his presence". "Al-ṣaḥābah" is definite plural; the
indefinite singular is masculine ‫ص َحا ِبي‬
َ (ṣaḥābiyy), feminine ‫ص َحا ِبيَّة‬
َ (ṣaḥābiyyah).
• While all the Sahabah were very important in the Islamic faith, there are some which are
especially notable and important.
Types: Muhajreen and Ansar.
• In Islām, companions of Muḥammad are classified into categories including the Muhajirūn who
accompanied Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, the Anṣār who lived in Medina, and
the Badriyyūn who fought at the Battle of Badr.

Ten Blessed Companions of the Holy Prophet (SAWW)

• Ten blessed companions of our holy prophet Muhammad (SAWW) who got the good news of
Jannah while they were alive.
• Four of them became caliphs of the Muslims and six of them became members of the committee
formed by Hazrat Umar which had the authority to select the caliph.
• Two from that committee (Hazrat Usman and Hazrat Ali) became caliphs of the Muslims.

HAZRAT ABU BAKR (RA)

SIGNIFICANCE OF ABU BAKR DURING THE
PROPHET’S LIFETIME:
Life before Khilafat
• Hazrat Abu Bakr was born in a noble and respectable Quraish family (Banu taym) of Quraish
in Makkah.
• He was two years and three months younger than the Holy Prophet (SAWW).
• His father was Usman, surnamed Abu Qahafa and.
• His mother was Salma, surnamed Umm-ul-Khair.
• The Holy Prophet (SAWW) and Hazrat Abu Bakr had a common ancestor- Murra.
• Abu Bakr, whose real name was Abdullah, was one of the Prophet’s closest friends.
• As a very young child, Hazrat Abu Bakr was taken to the Ka’abah, dedicated (Devoted,
Enthusiastic, Faithful, Sworn, Wholehearted, Zealous, and Purposeful) to the Gods and
named Abdul Ka’abah.
• In his early years, he played with the young ones of the camels which earned him the name of
Abu Bakr i. e., ‘the father of the foal of the camel’.
• He did not receive any formal education.
• Even before accepting Islam, he led a pious and chaste life.
• And never drank wine nor gambled.
• At the age of eighteen he adopted the profession of a cloth merchant, which was his family
business.
• Eventually he became one of the richest merchants of Makkah.
• After the Holy Prophet had received his first revelation he thought of approaching those
closest to him so he told Abu Bakr the whole story of his experience.
• Abu Bakr responded to his call and immediately embraced Islam.
• He was the first free adult male and the first person outside the family of the Prophet to
become a Muslim.
• The Qur’an describes his acceptance as: “and he who comes with the truth and he who
confirms it.....such are the people who do right’’ (Al-Zumur,39:33).
 • He was the first person to testify to the Messenger’s event of Miraj (Prophet’s ascension to
the heavens) and was given the title of “Al Siddique” due to his immediate belief of the
journey.
• After accepting Islam he devoted his life and wealth to preaching Islam.
• Abu Bakr’s acceptance proved to be a milestone in the prophet’s mission.
• Prominent companions like Usman, Talha and Zubair are said to have been persuaded by him
to accept Islam.
• He bought and freed a lot of slaves, Bilal being one of the prominent ones.
• When the Holy Prophet started preaching openly he faced fierce opposition.
• During all such hardships Abu Bakr stood by his side.
• The first public address of inviting people to offer allegiance to the Prophet’s message was
delivered by Abu Bakr.
• At this the youth of Quraish beat Abu Bakr till he fainted.
• In 620AD when the Prophet’s wife died, Abu Bakr’s daughter Ayesha was engaged to the
Prophet whom he married after his migration to Medina.
• In 622AD on the invitation from the Muslims of Medina, the Prophet ordered Muslims to
migrate.
• The migration took place in batches and the Prophet was the last one to leave accompanied by
Abu Bakr.
• Both remained in the cave of Saur for three days to hide from the Makkans who wanted to kill
the Prophet and his companion.
• This event is mentioned in the Qur’an: “he being the second of the two when they were in
the cave’’ (9:40).
• At Medina Abu Bakr continued his services to Islam.
• He paid for the piece of land selected by the Holy Prophet for the mosque of the Prophet
(Masjid-e-Nabvi).
• He rendered valuable services in all the battles.
• In the battle of Badr, he was in charge of the right wing of the troops and fought against his
own son Abdur Rahman.
• In the battle of Uhad, he negated the rumour of the Prophet’s death and acted as a shield to
save him.
• In the battle of Hunaian, he remained firm and reorganized the scattered troops that had
started running away.
• When the Holy Prophet began to raise funds for the Tabuk expedition, Abu Bakr placed all
his wealth at the disposal of the Holy Prophet.
• He was present at the time of the treaty of Hudaibiya and was one of the signatories.
• He was also one of the ten blessed companions who were given tidings of heaven during their
lifetime.
• He was appointed the first Ameer-e-Hajj (the chief guide of pilgrimage).
• Abu Bakr led the daily prayers during the last days of the Holy Prophet’s illness.
• Finally it was Abu Bakr who normalized the critical situation arising out of the death of the
Holy Prophet, as nobody was ready to believe this including Umar.
• Abu Bakr on this occasion recited these verses: “Mohammad is no more than a messenger:
many messengers that were before him passed away, if he died or were slain will you
then turn back on your heels?’’ (3:144).
• Nobody led the funeral prayers of the Holy Prophet, Abu Bakr and Umar were the first of
worshippers.
• He was unanimously elected the first Caliph of Islam.
• Abu Bakr continued to perform meritorious services for Islam even after the death of the Holy
Prophet.
HAZRAT UMAR BIN Khattab (R.A)
Life before Khilafat
• Hazrat Umer (R.A) son of Khattab, was born in Makkah twelve or thirteen years after the
birth of the Holy Prophet (SAWW).
• The Holy Prophet (SAWW) and Hazrat Umer (R.A had a common ancestors in Ka’ab.
• He belonged to Bani Adi tribe of Qurash.
• His father Al-Khattab was an influential leader of Makkah.
• Umar was tall, well built, a fierce fighter and well educated.
• He was taught reading and writing by his father who was an educated and well to do merchant
of Makkah.
• He was elected the spokesperson of Quraish.
• He was very learned, intelligent and studious.
• He was a poet and a very good orator (eloquent speaker, preacher).
• He remained a bitter enemy of Islam and the Holy Prophet before his conversion.
• He treated the early converts of low origin quite mercilessly and according to a tradition.
• In the 6th year of prophet hood the Holy Prophet had prayed to God for the conversion of
Umar bin Khattab or Umar bin Hisham (Abu Jahal).
• The prayer was soon granted.
• Umar one day decided to kill the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) and with that intention started
towards his house with a sword.
• On the way, he was informed by Nuaim bin Abdullah that his sister(Fatimah bint Khattab)
and her husband(Saeed bin Zaid) had embraced Islam.
• Infuriated (infuriate, aggravate) Umar changed his course and went to his sister’s house who
was reading the Holy Qur’an loudly.
• This enraged Umar so much that he attacked her and her husband.
• On Umar’s insistence his sister recited some verses from Surah Taha.
• The words of the Holy Qur’an softened his heart and tears began to fall from his eyes and he
immediately decided to embrace Islam.
• He approached the Holy Prophet (S.A.W) and embraced Islam.
• This was a great occasion as the morale of the Muslims boosted(boost, expand, extend,
amplify, escalate, augment) so much that now they started offering prayers openly in the
Kaabah after Umar took the bold step of entering the Kaabah with a small band of Muslims.
• The Holy Prophet was so pleased on hearing this that he gave him the title of ‘’Farooq’’ (one
who distinguishes between truth and falsehood).
• He started preaching Islam openly and boldly.
• He is counted amongst the 10 blessed companions and is also a scribe of the Divine
revelation.
• His daughter Hafsa was married to the Holy Prophet.
• He also migrated to Medina shortly after Ammar and Bilal had departed.
• It was Umar who gave the suggestion of summoning the believers for Daily prayers by
Adhaan (call for prayer).
• He also rendered remarkable services in all the battles including Badr, Uhad, Trench, Khyber
and Hunain.
• He was also present at the treaty of Hudaibiya and took part in Bait-e-Rizwan.
• He participated in the victorious march to Makkah.
• In the Tabuk expedition he donated half of his wealth.
 • And in the battle of Hunain, He was among those handfuls of Muslims who stood firmly by
the side of the Holy Prophet.
• Umar was not ready to believe in the death of the Holy Prophet till Abu Bakr called him
down by reciting the verse (Al-Imran, 3:144).
• Soon after, he started making arrangements for the Holy Prophet’s burial together with Abu
Bakr.
• In the meantime they heard of an Ansar meeting to discuss the issue of succession.
• Both reached the spot and finally, due to Umar’s wisdom and timely intervention, Abu Bakr
got elected as the first Caliph of Islam.
• Umar himself performed extra ordinary services for Islam during his Caliphate (634-644 AD).

Hazrat Usman (R.A)

• Hazrat Usman (R.T) was born in 579 A.D.
• Hazrat Usman (R.T) belonged to a noble family of Quraish (Umayyah) in Makkah.
• His father name was Affan and he was known as Usman bin Affan.
• His ancestral pedigree (dynasty, lineage, ancestry, progeny) joins with that of the Holy
Prophet (SAW)in the fifth generation.
• Hazrat Usman (R.T) was one of the few persons of Makkah who knew reading and writing.
• When he grew up, he started business in cloth which made him very rich.
• Hazrat Usman (R.T) was the third caliph of Muslims.
• Hazrat Usman (R.T) was a soft nature and kind hearted man.
• He became caliph after Hazrat Umar.
• He got married with two daughters of our holy prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) after
one another.
• It is because he is called Zun-noorain (the man with two lights).
• He was from a very rich family as he purchased a well after paying a heavy amount of money
and then made it possible for everyone to use the water of this well.
• He is the person who did two migrations. First towards Abyssinia and second towards the
Medina.
• He was famous for his decency (morality; the quality of being polite and respectable).
• Once our holy prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) said that even angels regard his
decency.
• One of his great achievements was a compilation of the Holy Quran.
• Though compilation had been done in the time of Hazrat Abu Bakar but he prepared the
authentic copies of the holy Quran and sent it to the different parts of the Islamic state.
• One another initiative of Hazrat Usman was to form the first Muslim Navy force.
• He got martyrdom in his home while he was reciting the Holy Quran.

HAZRAT Ali Bin Abi Talib (R.A)

Life before Khilafat
• Born 30 years after birth of Holy Prophet (SAW) in 600 A.D.
• He was first cousin of Prophet (SAW).
• Belonged to Banu Hashim Tribe and Abu talib was his father.
• When Ali came to know of the conversion of Khadijah (R.A) he hastened offer his allegiance
to the Holy prophet (SAW).
• Ali (R.A) was the first among the youth to be converted to Islam at the age of 11.
• Married to Hazrat Fatimah (Prophet’s daughter) who bore him 2 sons and 3 daughters?