Reaction Paper - Video 13A and 13B
Reaction Paper - Video 13A and 13B
Reaction Paper - Video 13A and 13B
Duat
COURSE/YEAR: BSCE – 2nd Year
Subject/Offer Number: BES 12_24324
REACTION PAPER
In the video, we learned how wastewater that comes from our cities, homes, hotels, factories,
towns, and other establishments’ drains have a sewerage system in place to carry the wastewater
out to a sewage treatment plant where the wastewater is treated and then safe to release into other
water sources. The treatment of wastewater goes through different stages. Wastewater is treated
to remove the physical, chemical, and biological contaminants present through various processes.
The pretreatment process involves the sewage being sent thru grids or vertical bars that can
remove large solid substances like metal, cans, papers, and plastic materials. In the primary
treatment process, the sewage flows through the grit chambers very slowly so that the sand,
pebbles, and soil settle down at the bottom. The sewage flows into the settling tank or
sedimentation tank where the solid wastes like feces are allowed to settle down waste such as
soaps, oils, and grease rise to the top of the wastewater. The waste material that settles down at
the bottom is called sludge. And the floatable material is called scum. Scum is then removed
using a skimmer and sludge is removed with a scraper every few days the water that is left out is
called the clarified water. In the secondary treatment process, biological or organic wastes are
removed. it is a biological process. This is done by transferring the clarified water into an
aeration tank where air blowers bubble air which helps the aerobic bacteria to grow and feed on
the organic contaminants such as food waste, feces, and other organisms. The mixture then
flows from the aeration tank into the clarifier where activated sludge settles out by gravity. The
activated sludge so produced along with the sludge produced in the primary process is
transferred to the digester where it is decomposed by anaerobic bacteria. Biogas is produced in
this process which can be used as fuel or can be used to produce electricity. The activated sludge
is then left in the sand-drying beds. Some quantity of water in the activated sludge evaporates
and the remaining quantity drains through the sand beds. This leaves behind the remaining dried
sludge which can be used for making fertilizers or compost in the tertiary treatment process. The
leftover wastewater is treated with chlorine to remove the phosphorus compounds, nitrogen
compounds, and bacteria. It is a chemical process where chlorine tablets are added to kill germs.
This process is called chlorination then this is let off into the water bodies.
The processes employed for water treatment depend on the quality of the water supply. In all
cases, water has to be disinfected in order to deactivate any existing microorganisms present in
water. So far, this technique was proven to be the most important for the protection of human
life. Water treatment is increasingly necessary due to drinking water shortages and the growing
needs of the global population. The major aim of wastewater treatment is to remove as much of
the suspended solids as possible before the remaining water, called effluent, is discharged back
into the environment. As solid material decays, it uses up oxygen, which is needed by the plants
and animals living in the water.