English for Academic and

Professional Purposes
English for Academic and Professional Purposes – Grade 12
Quarter 3 – Module 6: Creating Visual Aids
First Edition, 2020

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Editor: Julius Cezar D. Napallatan
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Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
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Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
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Ma. Teresita E. Herrera, Ed. D., Filipino
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English for Academic
and Professional
Purposes

Module 16
Creating Visual Aids
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the English for Academic and Professional Purposes (Grade 12) Self
Learning Module on Creating Visual Aids!

This Self Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership
with the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis
N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the English for Academic and Professional Purposes (Grade 12) Self
Learning Module on Creating Visual Aids!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after

completing the lessons in the module

Pretest - This will measure your prior knowledge and the

concepts to be mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills

that you understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson - This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

applications of the lessons.

Valuing - This part will check the integration of values in the

learning competency.

Posttest - This will measure how much you have learned from
the entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This is your self-instructional module in English for Academic and

Professional Purposes. All the activities provided in this lesson will help you learn
and understand the: Creating Visual Aids

PRETEST

Identify the information being described by the following statements. Choose

your answers from the box below.

bar graphs flip charts handouts

pie graphs video clips visual aids

1. These are items or objects that present information visually.

2. These are large sheets of paper, usually positioned on a tripod.
3. These are papers that contain important information from your presentation.
4. These are short parts cut from longer videos.
5. These show proportions and percentages.

RECAP
All the writing skills that you have learned in this subject will prove to be
useful for your school works and in your future professional life. However, there
will come a time when writing would not be enough to convey ideas and
information. Sometimes, in school and at work, we would need to present and show
our ideas visually to a number of people. This is where visual aids would be
beneficial.

LESSON

What are visual aids?

Visual aids are items or objects that present information visually (by being
seen) such as graphs, charts, photos, videos, etc. They are used primarily to help
the audience understand spoken information better, hence the word aid. Apart
from that, visual aids also:

• Summarise information;
• Reduce the number of spoken words;
• Clarify concepts and show examples;
• Maintain the interest of your audience; and
• Create an impact, for instance, if you are presenting the health risks of
smoking, you may show photos of the different complications on the body
caused by smoking.

What are the different types of visual aids?

There are several kinds of visual aids, and these kinds are unique from each
other. One may suit your presentation and your audience than the others.
However, some may be combined to use in presentations.
1. PowerPoint
Microsoft PowerPoint is the most popular computer application used for
presentations in school or at work because it is easy to use. You can attach a lot
of visual items into the slides, such as pictures, texts, links and even
animations, videos and audio.

2. Instructional Writing Boards

Whiteboards and blackboards are the most convenient visual aids
because they need the least preparation. They are also interactive because the
concepts written or drawn on the board depend on the flow of the spoken
presentation. These concepts could be the keywords, diagrams, and audience
responses and suggestions.

3. Handouts
Handouts are papers that contain important information from your
presentation or provide further information. They prevent you from
overwhelming the audience as there will be less information on the slides. They
are also good in presenting very detailed concepts as the audience will have the
information on hand.

4. Video Clips
Video clips are short parts cut from longer
videos. They are a great way to increase the interest
of your audience. Use video clips to bring motion,
images and audio into your presentation.

5. Flipcharts
Flip charts are large sheets of paper, usually
positioned on a tripod, to be used with thick, colored
markers. These are more suitable for smaller
audiences and can be used as a smaller whiteboard. A flipchart
https://commons.wikimedia.org/
They can also be used to immediately record input, wiki/File:Flipchart1-Asio.JPG
 feedback and ideas from your audience.

6. Posters
Posters are often used to present visual devices, such as graphs and
images. Common materials used for posters are Manila paper and cartolina.

7. Realia
Realia are real-life products, objects or artefacts that are presented to the
audience to have an actual view of what is being discussed. For instance, if you
are discussing the parts of a flower, you may show a real flower and its parts to
your audience.

How do we create visual aids?

STEP 1: Understand the audience and your purpose

To make your presentation effective, you need to understand the audience

who will watch and listen to your presentations. Then, you need to decide what you
want to impart to them. Are you going to inform them, or persuade them? When
informing, you should have a clear idea of what exactly you are trying to inform
about. When persuading, you should think of how your point benefits your
audience.

STEP 2: Identify key message or story

Almost everything that you are asked or need to present consists of a lot of
detailed contents. Therefore, you need to simplify everything down to the core
message for you to be able to organize and present your thoughts visually later on.

In this step, the framework of “Problem -> Solution -> Impact” is a good one
to follow. The problem shows what is something that people need to know, pay
attention to, and solve. It helps to frame the rest of the story. The solution is the
details of what happens, or how something works. The impact is the end result or
outcome that your audience will achieve. For example, if you are make an
informative presentation about COVID-19, the problem would of course be the
virus, the solutions would be the vaccine or anything that could help in stopping
the spread of the virus, and the impact would be what would happen to everyone
once this pandemic is finally over.

STEP 3: Identify key objects

The next step is to know which elements are crucial in telling the story.
These elements are the following:

1. Person, role or company

2. Object or product
3. Quote
4. Location
5. Measurable data

If we are to follow our earlier example of the COVID-19 pandemic, one of the
significant persons or roles could be the frontliners such as doctors, nurses,
policemen, security guard, delivery personnel, grocery staff, etc. The significant
objects could be the disease and the virus that caused it. Quotes could be any
important and impactful statements from interviews of significant and reliable
persons in the pandemic, such as virologists, medical professionals from the WHO
(World Health Organization) and world leaders. An important location could be
Wuhan, China, where the virus was said to have originated. And lastly,
measurable, quantifiable and countable data could be how high the number of
active cases, recoveries and deaths in and out of the country are, how fast the virus
could infect a person, and how long should lockdowns last to become effective in
preventing the spread of the virus according to research.

STEP 4: Establish relationships

After you are done identifying the key

message and elements of your presentation,
it is now time to observe the relationships of
those elements and how they interact,
because this will give you a layout of the
slides that you will create afterwards.

There are lots of graphics or visuals

that may help you and your audience to
understand your topic better. Some of these
are:

1. Bar graph – compares data among

categories (X, Y, Z, etc.)
2. Line graph – visualizes the value of
something/s over time
3. Pie chart – shows
proportions/percentages
4. Matrix arrangement – shows where
Kinds of visuals
elements are placed in different regions
https://www.brightcarbon.com/blog/how-to-
5. Timeline – presents sequence of dates create-visual-presentations-and-elearning/
6. Flowchart – shows processes
7. Hierarchy – shows how elements are ranked in layers
8. Mind map – shows connections between one big idea and other related ideas
9. Venn diagram (cluster) – shows similarities and differences between ideas
10. Jigsaw – shows things that fit together to form a larger concept
11. Balance diagram – shows a push-pull relationship between two things
Following our earlier example, the best way to present the rate of infection of
COVID-19 across countries within a period of time is by using the line graph, as
shown below:

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:New_cases_daily_for_Covid-
19_in_world_and_top_5_countries_Jan-Mar.png

STEP 5: Organize

At this point, you are to decide on the order you want the story to be told by
determining the sequence in which you will want how the individual elements will
show up in your slides. This is also where you will decide how you start or
introduce your presentation, what the body of your presentation will include , and
how you are going to conclude or end it.

STEP 6: Design

Now is the time to put all the information and decisions that you have come
up in Steps 1-5 together. This final step will be dictated by how you want your
presentation to appear to your audience. Do you want it simple? Or maybe you
want it to be attractive or interesting? How about picking a theme? Your design will
affect the final look.

The PowerPoint or any slideshow application is the best visual aid that can
be designed freely. However, writing boards, posters, flipcharts and handouts may
also be designed intricately. Video clips and realia can just be used to complement
primary visual aid that you choose to use.
 ACTIVITIES

Activity 1

Assume you are to make a presentation based on the article below. Read the
article thoroughly and identify the key elements by completing the information
sheet that follows.
Coronavirus (COVID-19): How You Can Make a Difference

Just a few months ago, people were at school, playing sports, going to events, and hanging
out with friends. Now, all that's on pause. People are adjusting to a new normal.
In many parts of the world, people are staying home. We're not going to school,
restaurants, sports events, or getting together with others. We're limiting our contact with others.
Doing all this is called social distancing. It's one of the ways coronavirus has changed our
everyday lives.

What Is Social Distancing?

Social distancing means keeping enough space between people to avoid the spread of
germs. Experts say the right amount of space is 6 feet (2 meters).
We all try not to get too close to people when they (or we) are sick with any
contagious virus. But social distancing is more than staying away from people who are sick or
coughing, or who don't feel well. It means keeping a safe distance from everyone for now, even
people who look and feel perfectly healthy. Even though we feel perfectly healthy.
Social distancing is a new idea for most of us. But it's not new to scientists who study the
spread of diseases. They know it's something we all can do to make a big difference in the spread of
coronavirus (COVID-19).

How Does Social Distancing Help?

When everyone in a community does it, social distancing slows the spread of the
coronavirus. The result is that fewer people get sick at the same time.
When fewer people are sick, doctors and hospitals are better able to keep up with taking
care of people. Scientists have time to work on vaccines that can help prevent people from getting
sick.

Why Is Social Distancing so Important Now?

A few things about this new coronavirus make social distancing so important:
• The new coronavirus is very contagious. It spreads quickly and easily from person to person. It
can spread when someone who has the virus coughs, sneezes, or just breathes too close to
someone else.
• Coronavirus can cause some people to become seriously sick.
• People can have the virus and pass it on even before they know they have it, even if they don't
show symptoms or become sick.
• This is a new virus for humans, and there's no vaccine yet to help us become immune to it.

What Can I Do?

Social distancing means we need to keep our distance from friends, classmates, teammates,
neighbors, and even people in our family (except the ones we live with). That's a big change from
the way we normally interact.
And it's not easy. No one wants to be apart from the people they like to be with and
missing the things they like to do. With school closed and sports events canceled, people are
missing things they looked forward to, like prom, graduation, tournaments, trips, parties, and
performances. Or just missing each other. It's a lot to ask, but it's also a huge way to help others.
Social distancing is something we can each do to protect lots of people, including people we
don't know. Some scientists say that by social distancing, one person could save as many as 45
lives. It's hard, but it's worth it. And it won't last forever. We will get back to normal again.
For now, we can give and receive support from each other while we're social distancing.
 What Can I Do?
Social distancing means we need to keep our distance from friends, classmates,
teammates, neighbors, and even people in our family (except the ones we live with). That's a big
change from the way we normally interact.
And it's not easy. No one wants to be apart from the people they like to be with and
missing the things they like to do. With school closed and sports events canceled, people are
missing things they looked forward to, like prom, graduation, tournaments, trips, parties, and
performances. Or just missing each other. It's a lot to ask, but it's also a huge way to help others.
Social distancing is something we can each do to protect lots of people, including people
we don't know. Some scientists say that by social distancing, one person could save as many as 45
lives. It's hard, but it's worth it. And it won't last forever. We will get back to normal again.
For now, we can give and receive support from each other while we're social distancing.
We can stay connected even while we're apart.

MY VISUAL PRESENTATION INFORMATION SHEET

Topic: Coronavirus (COVID-19): How You Can Make a Difference

Purpose (to inform, to persuade, or both?): (1)______________________

Possible audiences: teenagers, (2)_______________________

Problem: Solution: Impact:

COVID-19 (3)______________ (4)______________

Key persons: the general public

Key objects: coronavirus, cloth face covering

Measurable data: (5) ___________________

Mind map:
Continue the mind map below with concepts that relate to social distancing. You
may add as many concepts (circles) as you can.
ACTIVITY 2

Assume that you decided to use Microsoft PowerPoint to present the article that
you read earlier. How do you plan your slides to look like? Draw your planned
slides on the boxes below:

Title Slide: Slide 1:

Coronavirus (COVID-19): How You Can

Make a Difference

Slide 2: Slide 3:

Slide 4: Slide 5:
 WRAP-UP

The following are the things that I have learned from the lesson:
1. _________________________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________________
5. _________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

Although this pandemic hindered many of our usual day-to-day activities

and prevents us to see each other personally, we may still allow our relationships
with others to flourish by other means, such as online, calls, texts, etc. We should
not look at this negatively, but rather grab the opportunity to reconnect with loved
ones at the comfort of our homes.

POSTTEST

Identify the information described by the following questions. Choose the

letter of your answer and write it before the number.
1. Which of the following is the purpose of visual aids?
a. Clarify concepts and show examples
b. Reduce the amount of spoken words
c. Summarise information
d. All of the above
2. What shows the end result or outcome that your audience will achieve?
a. Impact c. Problem
b. Location d. Solution
3. Which of the following is a key object in your presentation?
a. Object c. Quote
b. Person d. All of the above
4. Which graphic shows things that fit together to form a larger concept?
a. Balance diagram c. Venn Diagram
b. Jigsaw d. None of the above
5. Which graphic shows sequence of dates?
a. Bar graph c. Matrix arrangement
b. Line graph d. Timeline
 KEY TO CORRECTION

REFERENCES
“Bar Graph.” Bar Graph - Learn About Bar Charts and Bar Diagrams,
www.smartdraw.com/bar-graph/.

Beqiri, Gini. Using Visual Aids during a Presentation or Training Session. 21 June
2018, virtualspeech.com/blog/visual-aids-presentation.

“Coronavirus (COVID-19): How You Can Make a Difference (for Teens) - Nemours
KidsHealth.” Edited by D'Arcy Lyness, KidsHealth, The Nemours Foundation,
Apr. 2020, kidshealth.org/en/teens/coronavirus-calm.html.

Goring, Richard. “How to Create Visual Presentations and ELearning.”

BrightCarbon, www.brightcarbon.com/blog/how-to-create-visual-
presentations-and-elearning/.

“Line Graph.” Line Graph - Everything You Need to Know About Line Graphs,
www.smartdraw.com/line-graph/.

Salm, Mundie. “Flip Charts.” BetterEvaluation, 24 June 2014,

www.betterevaluation.org/en/evaluation-options/flipcharts.

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