Quest Journals

Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Volume 7 ~ Issue 9 (2022) pp: 34-43
ISSN(Online) : 2321-8193
www.questjournals.org
Research Paper

Design &Analysis of G+12 Multistorey Building Introducing With

Belt Truss and Outrigger System using Software-approach.
Anupam Ashok Bundhe Prof. Kunal R. Ghadge Er. Alok Kumar
MTech Research ScholarAssistant Professor, Guide Project Manager, Co-Guide
Department of Civil EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering Construction Department,
Sanmati Engineering College,Sanmati Engineering College, DPPL & OCPL JV,Washim, Maharashtra, India.
Washim, Maharashtra, India Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.

Abstract— The rapid growth of infrastructure to accommodate modern civilization is demanding tall structures
in cities. As structures are becoming gigantic, their lateral stability and undulation have to be tackled by
engineering judgment. Structural system evolution has evolved without interruption to surmount the
complications related to lateral stability and undulation, There are many strategies to flourish and adopted now
these days to surmount this. One such structural system is the outrigger and belt truss structural system also in
this project we are adopting the Shear wall method. The outrigger and belt truss structural system has proved to
be the most promising structural system in resisting lateral stability and sway problems. The present study is
conducted on 14 storied high-rise buildings with shear walls in the centre of the building’s outer periphery.
High-rise building with a floor plan of 35m x 28m in addition to the shear wall of 5 m x 4 m is considered on
both sides of the building. Static Earthquake analysis is accomplished to study parameter’s maximal storey
displacement, Base shear, Base moment, Axial Force, and Bending Moment to compare the building with the
application of concrete and steel outrigger at various positions varying with the height of the building and the
software used for this analysis is staad-pro V8i version.
Keywords— Tall building, outrigger, belt truss, shear wall, lateral stability, sway, displacement, Base shear,
Base moment, Axial Force and Bending Moment.

Received 02 Sep., 2022; Revised 13 Sep., 2022; Accepted 15 Sep., 2022 © The author(s) 2022.
Published with open access at www.questjournals.org

I. Introduction
In today’s modern era it has become a need to undertake development in tall structuresto
accommodatethepresentpopulationasthecities are growing fast and land availability is becoming lesser for
human beings, so there is a need for the development of tall structures, but with development of tall structures,
there is need to tackle the problems related to it. Outrigger and belt truss structural system has proved to be an
efficient and economical solution for the problems related to tall structure development. Ductility towards lateral
deformation refers to the ratio of the maximum deformation and the idealized yield deformation theductility of a
building is its capacity to accommodate large lateral deformations along with the height. Itisquantified as the
ratio of maximum deformation that can be sustained just before collapse (or
failure,orsignificantlossofstrength)totheyield deformation. Thus, a ductile building exhibits large inelastic
deformation capacity without significant loss of strength capacity. In a ductile building, the structural members
and the materials used therein can stably withstand inelastic actionswithout collapse and undue loss of strength
at deformation levels wellbeyond the elastic limit. Ductility helps in dissipating input earthquake energy through
hysteretic behaviour. Earthquake-resistant design of buildings relies heavily on ductility for accommodating the
imposeddisplacement loading on thestructure.

Outrigger (OT) and belt truss (BT) Structural System

Theoutriggerandbelttrusssystemcomprisesa main concrete core connected to exterior columns by
relatively stiff horizontal members such as bracings termed outriggers. The bracing can be of different shapes.
The basic structural response of the system is based on a very simple concept. When the structure is subjected to
lateral loads, the columns on which the outriggers rest combining the column restrained by the outrigger resist
the rotation of the core, causing the mitigation in the magnitude of lateral deflections and moments in the core in
comparison to the freestanding core alone resisted the loading. The external moment is now resisted by the
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 Design &Analysis of G+12 Multistorey Building Introducing With Belt Truss ..

combined action of bending the core and the axial tension and compression of the exterior columns connected to
theoutriggers.

Concept of Outrigger
Outriggers have been effectively used in the sailing ship industry for a long-time which was used to
resist wind. The outriggers like the spreaders and the exterior columns like theshrouds or stays. Engineers had
observed this behaviour of sailboats in resisting wind and so it wasimplementedinbuildingswhichfurtherwas
studied and used as outrigger and belt truss system in building especially in high rise buildings. The basic
concept of the outrigger and belt truss system was a coin from the arrangement of mast, spreaders and shrouds
in sailboats.

Fig.1. Sailboat with mast, spreader and shroud.

Classification of Outrigger structuralsystem

Based on connection to the core there are two types of outrigger truss;
1) Conventional Outriggersystem
2) Virtual Outriggersystem

1.Conventional Outrigger System

In the conventional outrigger system, the outrigger bracings are connected directly to shear walls at the
core and with columns at the periphery of the building. The intermediate columns between the external and
shear walls are connected with outrigger bracings. The outrigger can be applied simultaneously on multiple
floors. The outrigger bracings connected to the core and external columns convert the MO convert core to a
vertical couple in columns. The problem of axial shortening and elongation of the columns and deformation
ofthe trussescausesrotationofthecoreattheoutrigger ata minor level, maximum times it is found that there is
reverse curvature due to small rotation in the core.

2. Belt Trusses as Virtual Outriggers

Thefloordiaphragmactionrestrictstherotationof the core and is resisted by the floor diaphragms atthe
topandbottomofthebelttrusseswhichresultsin the conversion of the moment in the core into a horizontal couple in
the floor, which in turn is transferredto the inclined bracings which then shift theirforces to the vertical columns
supporting it. A three-dimensional elastic analysis is used to determine forces and moments created in all
components. The lateral load resisting system consists ofashear wall core, external columns, belt truss bracings
and floor diaphragm action. The belt truss is connected to the external columns; the belt truss is bracing
connected to the external column that ties down the periphery of thebuilding.

Simplified mathematical model of outriggers

Fig 2. Simplified mathematical model of outriggers.

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 Design &Analysis of G+12 Multistorey Building Introducing With Belt Truss ..

ShearWall
A shear wall is a structural member positioned atdifferent places in a building from foundation level to
top parapet level, used to resist lateral forces i.e., parallel to the plane of the wall. When lateral displacement is
large in a building with moment frames only, structural walls, often commonly called shear walls, can be
introduced to help reduce the overall displacement of buildings, because these vertical plate-like structural
elements have large in-plane stiffness and strength. There are different materialsby

Fig 3. Position of shear walls in a moment-resisting frame building.

Which shear wall can be constructed but reinforced concrete (RC) buildings often have vertical plate-like
Reinforced concrete walls (Figure 1.4) in addition to slabs, beams and columns. Their thickness can be as low as
150mm, or as high as 400mm in high rise buildings.
Shear walls are usually provided along both the length and width of buildings.Shear walls arelike vertically-
oriented wide beams that carry earthquake loads downwards to the foundation. Therefore, the structural system
of the building consists of moment frames with specific bays in each direction having structural walls
(Figure1.4.1).

Classification of shear walls

1) Simple rectangular types and flanged walls (barbell type)
2) Coupled shearwalls
3) Rigid frame shearwalls
4) Framed walls with infilledframes
5) Column supported shearwalls
6) Core type shearwalls

Types of shear walls based on the materials used forconstruction:-

Based on materials used for construction shear walls are classified as follows,
1) RCC ShearWall.
2) Plywood ShearWall.
3) RC Hollow Concrete Block MasonryWall.
4) Steel Plate ShearWall.

II. Objectives
1) To study the effect of the introduction of Outrigger astall structures are subjected to Static seismic
loading.
2) To study the influence of braced core divider with X braced outriggers.
3) To study the effect of Outriggers with Peripheral Belt Truss.
4) To study the different configurations of the buildingunderConventionalconcretematerial, withX-braced
5) Analyze the results of all models as their axial force, Bending Moment, Base Shear, Base Moment &
Nodal Displacement parameters.

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Composite structure
In the past structural engineershave d the choice of masonry buildings and multi-storiesbuildings with
RCC framed structures or steel structures. Recently thetrend of going towards composite structure has started
going.
Nowadays in India to fulfil the requirements and needs of high rise buildings the composite is best
suited for infrastructural growth other than the RCC and steel structures, and steel-concrete compositesystems
have becomequitepopular in recent times because of their advantages against conventionconstruction, composite
construction combines the better properties of both material such as concrete andsteel.

Advantages of Composite structure

1) Increased strength for a given cross-sectional dimension.
2) Increased stiffness, leading to reduced slenderness and increased buckling resistance.
3) Good fire resistance in the case of concrete encased.
4) Corrosion protection in encasedmembers.

2. Models

Fig 4. Conventional Concrete Structure

Fig 5. Structure With Belt Truss Of Outrigger

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 Design &Analysis of G+12 Multistorey Building Introducing With Belt Truss ..

Fig 6. Structure With Belt Truss Of Outrigger Introducing With Shear Wall.

III. Methodology
The proposed work is planned to be carried out inthe following manner
1) Create computer models of building with fixed base Using Belt Truss And Outrigger System in Staad-
pro Software.
2) To study and analyse conventional concrete method, the same building with belt truss and outrigger
system & another model with the shear wall. For the results parameter of Deflection, Truss, 3D Analysis
3) For the study reinforced concrete structure is considered, having G+12 stories. Each floor is considered
as 3 m in height.
4) A regular reinforced concrete moment resisting bare frame model is considered for the reference base
model. One Structure is modelled with Fixed support and the other concerningthe base model by using STADD
PRO Software.
5) The floor height is kept constant for all models to get consistent results.
6) Model without Belt truss and Outrigger.
7) Model with belt truss and outrigger.
8) Model with belt truss and outrigger introducing with the Shear wall.
9) These three models are analysed for all seismic zones.
10) Discuss the comparative result and find the conclusion.

IV. Results & Discussion

A G+12 Multi-storied RCC building for all Seismic Zones is modelled using STADD-Pro software and
the results are computed. The configurations of all the models are discussed in the previous chapter. Three types
of models were created to analyse the structure of all seismic zones. Model Type I - A regular reinforced
concrete moment resisting bare frame model is considered for the reference base model. Model Type II – The
base model introduces the Model with a belt truss as an outrigger. And Model Type III – Model with belt truss
and outrigger introducing Shear wall. Equivalent Static Earthquake analysis is carried out to study parameter’s
maximum storey displacement, Base shear, Base moment, Axial Force and Bending Moment to compare the
building with the application of a concrete outrigger at various positions varying with the height of the building
and the software used for this analysis is Staad-pro V8i version. These models are analyzed and designed as per
the specifications of Indian Standard codes IS1893, IS 13920, IS 875 and IS 456: 2000. The equivalent static
method or seismic coefficient method hadbeen used to find the design lateral forces along with the storey in the
X and Z direction of the building since the building is unsymmetrical. All the results parameters are mentioned
in graphical form enlisted below:

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 Design &Analysis of G+12 Multistorey Building Introducing With Belt Truss ..

MAX. BASE SHEAR

Base Shear Base Shear

3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Model 3 Model 7 Model 11

Fig 7. Lateral force or Base shear along X & Z direction for Zone IV.

MAX. BASE SHEAR

3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Model 4 Model 8 Model 12

Base Shear Base Shear

Fig 8. Lateral force or Base shear along X & Z direction for Zone V

MAX. BASE MOMENT

Base Moment Base Moment

250
200
150
100
50
0
Model 3 Model 7 Model 11

Fig 9. Lateral force or Base Moment along X & Z direction for Zone IV.

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 Design &Analysis of G+12 Multistorey Building Introducing With Belt Truss ..

MAX. BASE MOMENT

400
300
200
100
0
Model 4 Model 8 Model 12

Base Moment Base Moment

Fig 10. Lateral force or Base Moment along X & Z direction for Zone V.

MAX. AXIAL FORCE

Axial Force Axial Force

10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
Model 3 Model 7 Model 11

Fig.11. Axial force in X & Z direction for Zone IV.

MAX. AXIAL FORCE

Axial Force Axial Force

10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Model 4 Model 8 Model 12

Fig 12. Axial force in X & Z direction for Zone V.

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MAX. BENDING MOMENT

Bending Moment Bending Moment

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
Model 3 Model 7 Model 11

Fig 13. Bending Moment in X & Z direction for Zone IV.

MAX. BENDING MOMENT

Bending Moment Bending Moment

400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Model 4 Model 8 Model 12
Fig 14. Bending Moment in X & Z direction for Zone V.

Fig 15. Maximum Node displacement for ZIV.

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 Design &Analysis of G+12 Multistorey Building Introducing With Belt Truss ..

Fig 16. Maximum Node displacement for ZV.

V. Conclusion
This study is conducted for 12 storied high risebuildings with the shear wall in the centre of the
building’s outer periphery. High rise building with a floor plan of 35m x 28m in addition tothe shear wall of 35
m x 41 m is considered on both sides of the building. Three types of models were decided to analyse the
structure of all seismic zones. Model Type I - A regular reinforced concrete moment resisting bare frame model
is considered for the reference base model. Model Type II – The base model introduces the Model with a belt
truss as an outrigger. And Model Type III – Model with belt truss and outrigger introducing Shear wall. Static
Earthquake analysis is carried out to study parameters - maximum storey displacement, Base shear, Base
moment, Axial Force and BendingMoment to compare the building with the application of a concrete outrigger
at various positions varying with the height of the building and the software used for this analysis is Staad-pro
V8i version and the results obtained were satisfactory and following are the concluded remarks that can be
established from the results.
1) Lateral force or storey shear at each consecutive storey level for model 1 is more as compared to model
2 and model 3.Model 3 has the least lateral force on consecutive storeys as compared to model 1 and model 2.
2) Approximately an average 10% lateral force or storey shear is decreased by introducing a Shear wall
for the same configuration as model 1. Model 2 and Model 3 have 10% less storey shear as compared to Model
1.
3) Base shear for model 1 is higher than for model 2 and model 3. Approximately 10% decrease in base
shear is calculated after introducing the shear wall (Model 2) and belt truss of the outrigger (model 3).
4) Storey shear and base shear in both the directionsi.e., along X-direction and Z-direction for model 2
and model 3 are decreased by nearly the same amount i.e., approximately 10% when compared to model 1.
5) There is a pattern of reduction in node displacement for model 2 and model 3 when compared with
model 1. This briefly states that the building is stiff with shear walls and belt truss of the outrigger. Whereas
model 3becomes economical as the concrete is reduced beingapproximatesimilar stiffness is acquired due to less
consumption of concrete.

Future Scope
The present study is conducted for G+12 storied high rise buildings. High rise building with a floor
plan of 35m x 28m of building. Three types of models were decided to analyse the structure of all seismic zones.
Static Earthquake analysis is carried out to study parameters -maximum storey displacement, Base shear, Base
moment, Axial Force andBending Moment to compare buildings with the application of concrete outrigger at
various positions varying with the height of the building. Later all models are generated in STADD-Pro and
analyzed and compared. This study can be further extended inthe following broad sense,
1) The position of the shear wall can be moved and placed at corners and on the other side i.e., along Z-
Direction and then the results shall be compared.
2) The positions of the Shear-wall shall be changed to the inner core of the building for finding a relation
between the outer and inner comparison of the shear wall for the same configuration buildings.

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 Design &Analysis of G+12 Multistorey Building Introducing With Belt Truss ..

3) This work can be further extended to design the same buildings and compare the concrete quantity and
steel quantity. For further experimentation, a relation can be established between the strength and stiffness along
with the economic structure.
4) In this present work belt truss of the outrigger is on the outer periphery of the structure at a specific
Storey. Experiments can be conducted by introducing on either side at some different specific Storey for more
stiffness to the structure.
5) The present study is based on the Equivalent static load method, this work can be further extended to
the Response spectrum method, time history analysis etc. for further comparison among the models and
establishing a relation between the strength and stiffness and stability of the models.

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*Corresponding Author: Anupam Ashok Bundhe 43 | Page