Roots Sessional AS Physics

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(a) By reference to two waves, state:

1. (i) the principle of superposition

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[2]

2. (ii) what is meant by coherence.


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[1]

(b) Two coherent waves P and Q meet at a point in phase and superpose. Wave P has an
amplitude of 1.5 cm and intensity I. The resultant intensity at the point where the waves
meet is 3I.

Calculate the amplitude of wave Q.

amplitude = .................................................... cm [2]

(c) The apparatus shown in Fig. 5.1 is used to produce an interference pattern on a screen.

Fig. 5.1 (not to scale)


Light of wavelength 680nm is incident on a double-slit. The slit separation is a. The
separation between adjacent fringes is x. Fringes are viewed on a screen at distance D from
the double-slit.

Distance D is varied from 2.0 m to 3.5 m. The variation with D of x is shown in Fig. 5.2.

Fig. 5.2

(i) Use Fig. 5.2 to determine the slit separation a.

a = ...................................................... m [3]
(ii) The laser is now replaced by another laser that emits light of a shorter wavelength.

On Fig. 5.2, sketch a possible line to show the variation with D of x for the fringes that are
now produced. [2]

A long tube, fitted with a tap, is filled with water. A tuning fork is sounded above the top of
the tube as the water is allowed to run out of the tube, as shown in Fig. 6.1.

Fig 6.1 Fig 6.2

A loud sound is first heard when the water level is as shown in Fig. 6.1, and then again when
the water level is as shown in Fig. 6.2.

Fig. 6.1 illustrates the stationary wave produced in the tube.


(a) On Fig. 6.2,

(i) sketch the form of the stationary wave set up in the tube, [1]

(ii) mark, with the letter N, the positions of any nodes of the stationary wave. [1]

(b) The frequency of the fork is 512 Hz and the difference in the height of the water level for
the two positions where a loud sound is heard is 32.4 cm.

Calculate the speed of sound in the tube.

speed = ........................ m s–1 [3]

(c) The length of the column of air in the tube in Fig. 6.1 is 15.7 cm.

Suggest where the antinode of the stationary wave produced in the tube in Fig. 6.1 is likely
to be found.

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A spring having spring constant k hangs vertically from a fixed point. A load of weight L,
when hung from the spring, causes an extension e. The elastic limit of the spring is not
exceeded.

(a) State

(i) what is meant by an elastic deformation,


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(ii) the relation between k, L and e.


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(b) Some identical springs, each with spring constant k, are arranged as shown in Fig. 4.1.
Fig. 4.1

The load on each of the arrangements is L.

For each arrangement in Fig. 4.1, complete the table by determining


(i) the total extension in terms of e,

(ii) the spring constant in terms of k.

[5]

(a) A source of sound has frequency f. Sound of wavelength ë is produced by the source.

(i) State

1. what is meant by the frequency of the source,


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2. the distance moved, in terms of ë, by a wavefront during n oscillations of the source.

distance = ..................................................[1]

(ii) Use your answers in (i) to deduce an expression for the speed v of the wave in

terms of f and l.

[2]
(b) The waveform of a sound wave produced on the screen of a cathode-ray oscilloscope
(c.r.o.) is shown in Fig. 5.1.

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