FINALRESEARCHOUTPUT
FINALRESEARCHOUTPUT
FINALRESEARCHOUTPUT
Presented to
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
TITTLE PAGE 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS 2
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
Research Design 22
Research Method 22
Respondents 22
Research Instruments 23
Data Gathering Procedure 23
Data Analysis 24
Statistical Treatment 26
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Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
In this day and age, where individuals are unaware of the waste they make in their homes
or workplaces, waste is a constant problem. Waste is a direct result of technical and social human
growth. Distinct wastes have different compositions that have changed over time and space, and
waste materials have a direct impact on industrial progress and innovation. Increased
industrialization and population would also result in an increase in environmental garbage. Solid
waste management is a perennial problem in the Philippines, and this can be due to a lack of
information dissemination on proper waste disposal. Waste segregation is the first step in having
The issue of proper waste disposal has become a significant concern in recent years as the
amount of waste generated by human activities continues to increase. One important aspect of
addressing this issue is raising awareness among the population, particularly among the youth,
who will be the future leaders and decision-makers of society. The purpose of this study is to assess
Nabua National High School seventh-grade students' awareness of proper waste disposal in order
to identify areas where education and awareness-raising efforts can be concentrated. This can also
help guide local government and school officials in their efforts to develop and implement
This study aims to know how seventh-grade students practice waste management at Nabua
National High School or if they implement it properly. According to the analysis, the nation's
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challenges with solid waste management include an increase in the volume of waste, lax
enforcement of the law, a dearth of hygienic landfills, and incorrect disposal. Proper disposal
means placement in a designated waste receptacle or other suitable container and disposal in a
refuse container. Proper management practices help minimize the garbage and scraps that need
handling. Poorly handled waste can end up in rivers, oceans, and other water sources, polluting
There are various laws concerning this matter, like, for example, the Republic Act No.
9003, or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, which aims to promote and
institutionalize an ecological solid waste management program in the Philippines. It requires local
government units to establish and implement solid waste management programs and also
establishes the National Solid Waste Management Commission to oversee the implementation of
the law. It encourages citizens to practice reduction, recycling, and reuse of solid waste materials.
Waste disposal and management can be done by applying the 3 Rs: reduce, reuse, and recycle. The
"3 Rs" stand for "reduce, reuse, and recycle" and are a framework for waste reduction and
management.
The concept of the 3 R's originated in Japan in the 1970s and was first formalized by the
government of Japan as a way to promote conservation of natural resources and reduce the
environmental impact of waste disposal. The 3Rs have been widely adopted by governments,
organizations, and individuals around the world as a way to promote sustainable waste
management and resource conservation. The 3Rs are widely used as a framework for solid waste
management, and have been integrated into laws, policies, and guidelines in many countries,
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"Reduce" means to create less waste by buying only what is needed, and avoiding products
with excessive packaging. "Reuse" means finding new uses for products or materials instead of
throwing them away. "Recycle" means to process used materials into new products, thus extending
the life of the materials. These three things need to be fully understood and learned. A child should
know how to properly implement waste disposal, especially in school. A lot of students are
Proper waste removal helps improve air and water quality and reduce greenhouse gas
emissions. It helps in minimizing the extraction of resources along with reducing pollution and
energy consumption, which are associated with manufacturing new materials. An effective way to
improve attitudes towards waste reuse and recycling is to integrate waste management education
into the school curriculum, particularly teaching children about the causes and consequences of
waste disposal and highlighting the importance of waste prevention, reuse, and recycling. Our
study underscores the need to continue to conduct an information and education campaign among
students and youth for proper waste disposal inside school campuses and in the immediate
surrounding communities.
The researchers developed the study "The Level of Awareness of Grade Seven Students of
Nabua National High School Towards Proper Waste Disposal" with the facts and information
gathered, with the aim of identifying or determining the level of awareness of grade seven students
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Statement of the Problem
Generally, the study entitled, “The Level of Awareness of Grade Seven Students of Nabua
National High School Towards Proper Waste Disposal,” aims to identify grade seven student’s
1. What are the level of awareness of grade 7 students on Garbage waste disposal?
2. What are factors affecting the level of awareness of grade 7 on garbage waste disposal?
How does the 3Rs affecting students’ implementation towards waste disposal?
3. How do the laws and the implementations against garbage waste affect the students in
Hypothesis
1. The grade 7 students at NNHS are aware of proper waste disposal and are putting it into practice.
2. The grade 7 students at NNHS are aware of proper waste disposal. But they are lazy in putting
it into practice.
3. The grade 7 students at NNHS are not aware of proper waste disposal. So, they don't implement
it.
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Significance of the Study
This study is designed to know the level of awareness of grade seven students of Nabua
National High School towards proper waste disposal. Thus, the study is set to be beneficial to the
following:
Students
This study helps students comprehend and determine how aware and if well they
Teacher
This research could help teachers assess how well-informed their students are regarding
proper waste disposal. This way, they can educate them about the potential outcomes or
consequences if the students have poor knowledge about this certain topic; otherwise, if the
students are already aware of it and implementing it, the teacher could encourage them to do it
more.
School
This study helps the school establish a good reputation using the conducted research that
will serve as evidence that their students are aware of proper waste disposal; otherwise, if the
majority of the students are unaware of this matter, the school will know if they should implement
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NDDRMC
The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) would
benefit from the findings of this study when determining the best methods for minimizing plastic
waste. The findings will assist in reducing the detrimental effects of plastic trash on the
environment and inform the creation of policies and standards for waste management. This study
could serve as a guide for what programs and activities they should implement.
This study can help LGU identify any gaps in knowledge and understanding among grade
seven students in the area, which can then be addressed through targeted educational initiatives.
This study could also help improve solid waste management programs in the community. The
study can provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of current solid waste management
Community
This study can provide valuable information for the community to improve their waste
management practices, promoting a cleaner and healthier environment and raising awareness and
understanding of proper waste disposal, which can lead to a more sustainable and resilient
community.
Future Researchers
This study could serve as the basis for future researchers on similar topics, and it can be
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Scope and Delimitation
The primary goal of this study is to determine the level of awareness of proper waste
disposal among grade seven students at Nabua National High School. It also seeks to compare the
data to see whether these students have a low, neutral, or high awareness of proper waste disposal
for a more informative study. This research was conducted from December 8, 2022, until February
6, 2023. The researchers conducted surveys with selected seventh-grade students in each section
in order to provide honest and reliable answers to their concerns and questions. The researchers
decided to conduct the study solely in all seventh-grade sections. In order to accurately depict the
population and collect comprehensive data, the researchers chose to include all sections in grade
seven at the NNHS. The survey will focus on evaluating students’ awareness and implementation
of proper waste disposal. The collected data from the students in each section will be compared.
The researchers expect that their respondents will respond honestly based on their personal
experiences. The researchers will keep the research subjects’ collected data private and
Definition of Terms
The key terms mentioned in the study were clearly outlined and defined.
Waste Disposal. Waste disposal is an activity that is directly responsible for much environmental
damage, and locating waste disposal sites, determining what waste materials were disposed of
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through time and exactly where, and determining ownership and whether disposal methods were
3R’s. 3Rs practicing is the fundamental element in the hierarchy of waste management, which
stands for Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle. This practice plays a vital role in reducing wastes, helping
Recycle. To sort and collect trash in order to treat it and produce useful materials that can be used
again
Reduce. To make something less in size, amount, degree, importance, or price: A low-fat diet can
Reuse. Reusing is the act of taking old items that you might consider throwing away and finding
a new use for them. Get the most mileage out of the materials you encounter.
Environment. An Environment is everything that is around us, which includes both living and
nonliving things such as soil, water, animals and plants, which adapt themselves to their
Health. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the
Environmental Litigation. Environmental Litigation means any claims, actions, suits, proceedings
respect to the ownership, use, condition, or operation of the Property in any court or before or by
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Chapter 2
This chapter includes the Review of Related Literature and Studies in order to provide
support and foundation to the researchers’ study. Furthermore, this chapter includes the Synthesis
of the State of the Art to identify the researchers’ gap to be bridged as well as the theoretical and
conceptual framework to provide further support and provide the flow of the study.
Level of Awareness
According to a website called Healthwise (2021) The phrase "level of consciousness" refers
to a person's awareness and comprehension of what is going on around them. According to Iser
(2020), there are three levels of awareness: low, moderate, and high. Your level of awareness is
the extent to which you are aware of what is going on around you, which will differ depending not
only on where you are and what you're doing but also on your entire environment. In any conflict,
Waste Disposal
In a glossary called Glossary of Statistical terms, waste disposal was defined as waste
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Famous and established dictionaries have defined what waste disposal is like; Britannica
define waste disposal as “the collection, processing, and recycling or deposition of the waste
materials of human society,” and Collins Dictionary which defined waste disposal as “the activity
of disposing of waste.”
Solid waste management is defined as the direct generation, collection, storage, transport,
source separation, processing, treatment, recovery and disposal of solid waste. It is a polite term
for garbage management. It is the response to the world’s stinking and escalating problem on the
garbage. The system of handling trash, be it municipal waste collection, recycling programs, open
dumping, incineration and gasification fall on the same category. Despite the years of attempting
to resolve the mounting waste problem, the problem still persist (Enriquez, 2011).
Despite the fact that not all of these collection system people seem to be unconcerned with
the amount of solid and semisolid waste they produce, solid waste management is one of the most
critical environmental problems today as reported by Guzman et al., (2010). Proper collection is a
solution to the country’s waste problem. Unfortunately, disposal would not be the most and sole
Until recently, the disposal of municipal solid waste does not attract much public attention.
From prehistory through the present day, the favored means of disposal was simply to dump solid
waste outside the city and village limits (Enger & Smith, 2006). According to the Aeckerman
continues to grow and economy expands, there is a need to ensure the waste generated is properly
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Review of Related Studies
FOREIGN
According to Kassie, K.E. (2016), the broad phrase "waste management" encompasses
otherwise rendering garbage permanently harmless, it also involves recycling waste material,
treating waste, and disposing of or dumping waste into the air, water, or land (Ward and Dubos,
1972).
In the study of Khan, F., et.al (2019), the necessity for effective waste management has
arisen as a result of the fast development in urbanization. Plastic garbage from municipal sources
is becoming a bigger problem and seriously harming our ecosystem. If not addressed, this issue
will endanger both people and wildlife. The theory of planned behavior variables was used to
examine how customers felt about recycling plastic garbage. The results of the current study show
that when it comes to garbage disposal, different consumer characteristics and attitudes lead to
as the rate of waste production, the location of the disposal site, the cost of the treatment, and their
relationships, might be unknown and have an impact on the optimization procedures that go along
with them. Different imprecise programming techniques were used to handle these waste
The investigation showed that by using these optimization strategies correctly, the effectiveness
of the waste management system may be maximized. Using the minimax regret optimization
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methodology, this method divides an uncertainty problem into multiple subproblems with
certainty.
LOCAL
Sumalde (2004) found out that the LGUs incurred a substantial fiscal gap from the income
obtained and the amount needed to finance the solid waste management system. However, the
LGUs has several funding arrangements and options for the establishment of the solid waste
management system.
Stated by ADB (2003) The sources of funds for the LGUs include the following: (a) general
budgetary appropriations; (b) external sources; (c) cost recovery mechanisms such as collection of
waste fees and fines from waste violations; and (d) National Solid Waste Management Fund. Since
the passage of RA 9003 in 2011, there is a slow development of the solid waste management
system in the Philippines. The system is facing several issues and challenges such as inadequacy
of funds, lack of political will from the local officials, improper segregation at source and lack of
According to Sumayao and de Guzman (2007), the knowledge of the households about
solid waste management is fairly high. As for the success of the waste management programs, the
households expect that the local officials will play proactive roles in implementing and monitoring
However, Cabañog (2008) found out that lack of environmental awareness of the
community hinders the success of the solid waste management programs. In addition to that, the
author stated that the inadequacy of funds and lack of political will from the local officials
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Also, Bernardo (2008) observed that the households did not recognize the importance of
waste segregation implying the lack of information dissemination regarding solid waste
management from the government. As such, the household failed to practice segregation for the
According to the study of Barloa, E., et.al (2016), the ongoing global issue of improper
garbage disposal is a result of the continued growth in human population and fast industrialization.
The main problems with waste management, particularly in developing nations, are inefficient
The researcher presented various related literature and studies regarding the research topic.
To have a clearer understanding of this literature and studies, the researchers made a synthesis in
the following discussion. One of the highlights centered on the students' level of awareness
improve attitudes towards waste reuse and recycling is to integrate waste management education
into the school curriculum, particularly teaching children about the causes and consequences of
waste disposal and highlighting the importance of solid waste management. Reducing waste will
not only protect the environment but will also save on costs or reduce expenses for disposal in the
same way that recycling and reusing the waste that is produced benefits the school environment
(IDEM 2018).
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According to Facilities Management (2020), poorly maintained waste facilities can pose
hazards to children. With regularly managed and maintained waste disposal facilities, your school
will be free from possible risks. Also, knowledge of waste disposal will be imparted to children. It
is beneficial for everyone to know how to dispose of their waste properly to contribute to the
In conclusion, the behavior of generating garbage is too dangerous not only for today's
generation but also for future generations. It is critical to educate children to encourage them to
practice recycling, reuse, and reduce instead of producing waste; therefore, waste disposal should
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Theoretical Framework
The theoretical framework of this investigation is anchored in the reasoned action theory
National High School (NNHS) towards proper waste disposal. According to the reasoned action
theory, which emphasizes the relationship between behavioral intention and behavior, behavioral
intention precedes action. Attitudes towards the action, as well as subjective norms, influence
behavioral intention, and the stronger the intention, the more likely the behavior will be carried
out.
Reinforcing the theoretical statement above, the Theory of Planned Behavior explains that
human actions are determined by a person's intention, which is influenced by their attitude in
combination with subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Both theories provide a
framework to help explain, understand, and predict human behaviors when an individual's
involvement is voluntary and self-controlled. In applying these theories to the study, the
researchers hypothesized that the level of awareness among Grade 7 students of the negative
consequences of indiscriminate waste disposal can positively influence their attitude toward
solving the waste problem, which will then be reflected in their actions of properly managing their
On the other hand, while it is true that human behavior may be driven by an individual's
intention and attitude, self-interest can also play a vital role in decision-making and behavior.
According to Cesare Beccaria's Rational Choice Theory, individuals act with prudence and logic,
and the decision to act or not act is based on rational calculation, based on available options that
will guarantee the greatest satisfaction or profit for the individual. In other words, individual
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human actions can be influenced by self-interest based on the pleasure and profit outcomes of
Thus, the theory implies that proper waste management may not always be altruistic, but
may be influenced by weighing the costs and benefits. Solid waste management awareness, on the
other hand, is an environmental campaign that aims to instill in people the right attitude that will
gently motivate them to adopt desirable waste disposal practices at home, school, and elsewhere.
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Conceptual Framework
The conceptual framework of the study is based on the input-process-output model, which
is a systematic approach to understanding how different variables may affect the findings of the
study. The inputs of the study are the various factors that may influence the results, such as: the
level of awareness of seventh-grade students on Garbage waste disposal, the factors affecting the
level of awareness of grade seven on garbage waste disposal, 3Rs’ effect on students’
implementation towards waste disposal, and the effect of laws and implementations against
To gather data for the study, we employed two methods, including conducting surveys and
statistical and scientific treatment. These tools were chosen because they allow us to obtain a
comprehensive understanding of the topic and gather a wide range of perspectives from the
participants.
The output of the study is the proposal, suggestions or possible solutions for the topic under
investigation. These outputs will be based on the data gathered through the input-process stages
and analyzed to provide valuable insights and recommendations for addressing the research
question.
Furthermore, this approach allows us to identify the potential causes and factors that may
influence the outcome of the research, and provide meaningful solutions that are based on a
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Figure 2. Conceptual Paradigm
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References
https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/Pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=not311&
https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=648#:~:text=Definition%3A,and%20all%20
other%20disposal%20methods.
Abdul, R. (2017) Awareness on the Policies on Solid Waste Management Among Senior High
https://robertbalinton143.wordpress.com/2017/03/10/review-or-related-
literature/?fbclid=IwAR1k4_x-f8N3FjETYLsa_-qdRo_n-ALzeqpL11-
v0qRVyrXynV0MbV1zvgI
Kassie, K.E. (2016). The problem of solid waste management and people awareness on appropriate
solid waste disposal in Bahir Dar City: Amhara region, Ethiopia. Retrieved from
https://academicjournals.org/journal/ISABB-JHE/article-full-text-pdf/5F8EE9559300
Khan, F., Ahmed, W., Najmi, A., & Younus, M. (2019). Managing plastic waste disposal by
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Singh, A. (2019). Managing the uncertainty problems of municipal solid waste disposal. Retrieved
from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479719303159.
Madriga, D., & Oracion. E. (2017). Solid Waste Management Awareness, Attitude, and Practices
https://rmrj.usjr.edu.ph/rmrj/index.php/RMRJ/article/view/312
Debrah, J.K., Vidal, D.G., & Dinis, M.A. (2021). Raising Awareness on Solid Waste Management
Barloa, E., Lapie, L., & Dela Cruz, C.P (2016). Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Solid
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Chapter 3
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
In this study, quantitative research method was used. The researchers employed descriptive
phenomenology method because the researchers surveyed and interviewed about their own
experiences to fulfill the information that were needed in conducting this study. The descriptive
phenomenology method was used in determining the level of awareness of G7 Students of NNHS
towards proper waste disposal. Face to face interview was conducted. Survey forms with open
ended questions were distributed. At the end of the study, the researchers aim to contextualize the
Research Method
This study used the descriptive research method, which can involve the use of a variety of
research methods to investigate the variables in a question. The researchers have no control over
or manipulation of any variable. Instead, the variables are only identified, observed, and measured.
Respondents
Selected five (5) seventh-grade students per section out of twenty-six (26) sections of
Nabua National High School will be the respondents of the study. There will be no gender
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preference in selecting participants to answer the survey forms and interviews. The selected
The sampling method used in the study is simple random sampling. In this method, the
researchers randomly select a subset of participants from the population of Grade 7 students at
Nabua National High School. The sample size will be determined based on the specific research
question, the research design, and the available resources. The sample size should be large enough
to be representative of the population and ensure that the results are statistically meaningful.
Research Instruments
A questionnaire was given to five students per section, selected randomly from each
section. The study was focused solely on seventh-grade students at Nabua National High School.
The purpose and method of the study were explained to the students and teachers to get their
consent. The instrument of research was a validated questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed
to assess students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice of proper waste disposal in school. The
questionnaire includes fifteen questions related to awareness and whether they are putting it into
action or not.
A letter of request to conduct the study was prepared. We secured permissions from the
selected Grade 7 students of Nabua National High School through a thorough and ethical process.
After obtaining approval, we scheduled a meeting with the students to inform them about the
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purpose of our study and how their responses to the questions would be treated confidentially and
We also met with the Grade 7 adviser to coordinate the schedule for conducting our study.
The survey and were conducted on January 27, 2023 We also took the time to explain the nature
of the checklist and answer any questions the students may have had. The survey itself took only
20 minutes to complete, making it convenient for the students to participate without disrupting
their regular class schedule. The researcher conducts the study at Nabua National High School
using a survey because the survey method allows the researcher to determine what the results
would be if they had a proper waste disposal system. The researcher explains to the respondents
the importance of their response to the study. The researcher clarifies some terms for the
respondents so that they can confidently answer the questionnaire as the subject of the study.
Overall, the process was well organized, respectful of the students' rights, and mindful of
the importance of obtaining informed consent. We were able to collect valuable data for our study
while also maintaining the trust and cooperation of the students and their teachers.
Data Analysis
The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of awareness of proper waste disposal
among Grade 7 students at Nabua National High School in the Philippines. The study was
conducted in light of the alarming amount of garbage generated daily in the country, which
includes plastic waste that poses a significant threat to the environment and marine life.
The researchers employed a descriptive phenomenology method. The survey questionnaire was
used as the main data gathering tool to gather information and data about the students' level of
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awareness of proper waste disposal. The survey questionnaires were distributed among a selected
The data collected from the survey questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics
such as percentage distribution and weighted mean. The findings of the study suggest that while
the students have a high level of awareness in terms of attitudes, practices, and disposal, there is
still a need to further clarify and educate them on these topics. The study found that there is a gap
in the students' understanding of the benefits of proper waste disposal and the consequences of not
doing so.
The researchers recommend implementing measures such as posting signage and posters
on trash cans to raise awareness and encourage proper waste disposal and recycling management
among the students. The study also suggests that regular seminars and workshops can be conducted
to educate the students about the importance of proper waste disposal and the impact of their
Overall, the study highlights the importance of proper waste disposal in promoting physical
and mental health and protecting the environment. It also suggests ways to improve awareness and
attitudes towards waste disposal among students, which can contribute to a cleaner and healthier
community. The study hopes to serve as a valuable resource for educators, policymakers, and
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Statistical Treatment
The researchers will use descriptive statistics for the statistical treatment. Descriptive
statistics, according to Bhandari (2020), define and categorize the aspects of a data set, which is a
collection of answers or views from a sample or the entire population. There are three types of
descriptive statistics: distribution, central tendency, and variability. However, descriptive statistics
do not allow us to draw inferences outside of the data we have examined or to draw judgments
about any potential hypotheses. They serve only as a means of describing our data. The researchers
will particularly apply the percentage technique under descriptive statistics to figure out and
compute the percentage of respondents who answered each question. The equation is shown
below:
𝑛 𝑥 100
𝑃=
𝑁
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