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    Smooth Muscle Tissue Lines The Inside of Hollow Organs Like The Stomach, Intestines

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    Meanie Mansz
    This document discusses the structure and function of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissues. It describes the key characteristics of each type of muscle, including that skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle resembles skeletal muscle but is involuntary, and smooth muscle lines organs and pathways. The document also discusses the proteins that make up muscle fibers, how neurons function at rest and during action potentials, and the process of muscle contraction initiated by motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction.

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    Smooth Muscle Tissue Lines The Inside of Hollow Organs Like The Stomach, Intestines

    Uploaded by

    Meanie Mansz
    16 views2 pages
    This document discusses the structure and function of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissues. It describes the key characteristics of each type of muscle, including that skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle resembles skeletal muscle but is involuntary, and smooth muscle lines organs and pathways. The document also discusses the proteins that make up muscle fibers, how neurons function at rest and during action potentials, and the process of muscle contraction initiated by motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction.

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    This document discusses the structure and function of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissues. It describes the key characteristics of each type of muscle, including that skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle resembles skeletal muscle but is involuntary, and smooth muscle lines organs and pathways. The document also discusses the proteins that make up muscle fibers, how neurons function at rest and during action potentials, and the process of muscle contraction initiated by motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Smooth Muscle Tissue Lines The Inside of Hollow Organs Like The Stomach, Intestines

    Uploaded by

    Meanie Mansz
    This document discusses the structure and function of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissues. It describes the key characteristics of each type of muscle, including that skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle resembles skeletal muscle but is involuntary, and smooth muscle lines organs and pathways. The document also discusses the proteins that make up muscle fibers, how neurons function at rest and during action potentials, and the process of muscle contraction initiated by motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction.

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    1.

    )   Skeletal muscle tissue develops into skeletal muscles, which attach to bones or


    skin and mediate locomotion and any consciously directed movement. Skeletal muscle
    is also known as a voluntary muscle since it can be controlled by the mind. Skeletal
    muscles are long and cylindrical; when examined under a microscope, skeletal muscle
    tissue appears striped or striated. The orderly arrangement of contractile proteins
    causes the striations (actin and myosin). Actin is a globular contractile protein that
    works with myosin to contract muscles. Skeletal muscle has many nuclei in a single cell
    as well. 
     
    As a striated appearance, cardiac muscle resembles skeletal muscle; but, because it
    cannot be consciously controlled, it is referred to as involuntary muscle. The heart is the
    only organ in the body where cardiac muscle tissue is found, and cardiac contractions
    are what pump blood throughout the body and regulate blood pressure. Branching, a
    solitary nucleus per cell, and the presence of intercalated disks are its defining
    characteristics. 
     
    Smooth muscle tissue lines the inside of hollow organs like the stomach, intestines,
    and urinary bladder as well as the regions around major pathways like the blood vessels
    and respiratory system. The characteristics of involuntary muscle are described as
    lacking striations, being elastic, spindle-shaped, having just one nucleus per cell, being
    tapered at both ends, and possessing gap junctions enabling the propagation of
    depolarization. These qualities also apply to smooth muscle. 

     
     
    2.) Myofibrils are the building blocks of myofilaments, which are filaments. Actin and
    myosin, which are the two proteins, make up myofilaments. The muscle fiber is created
    when myofilaments affix to one another. Myofibrils are a term used to describe the
    many rod-like structures seen in cardiac and skeletal muscle. consisting of myocytes as
    well. Within myofibrils are sarcomeres. 

     
     
    3.) The state of a neuron while it is "at rest" is characterized by a negative internal
    potential compared to its external potential. Even while the concentrations of the various
    ions seek to balance out on both sides of the membrane, they are unable to do so
    because only some ions can move through channels in the cell membrane (ion
    channels). The K+ that leaks out of the cell via leak K+ channels and creates a negative
    charge on the inside of the membrane as opposed to the outside is what causes the
    membrane potential to be at rest. All of the Na+ channels are closed when the
    membrane is at rest, making it impermeable to Na+.
     
    4.) The stimulation of the excitable cell results in an action potential. The resting
    membrane potential is reversed by the action potential, making the interior of the cell
    membrane more positively charged than the exterior. The quick, abrupt, and spreading
    alteration of the resting membrane potential is known as an action potential. A neuron's
    action potential is triggered by either threshold or suprathreshold stimuli. It consists
    mostly of the stages of depolarization, overshoot, and repolarization. A current flow via
    the gap junctions depolarizes the neighboring cells when an action potential is initiated
    in a cell. Action potentials that self-propagate affect adjacent cells as well if
    depolarization causes the membrane potential to be more positive than the threshold.
    To start a contraction in the cardiac muscles as well as the skeletal muscles, an action
    potential must be generated.
      
    5.) Muscle contraction starts as a result of a signal sent by the nervous system. A
    particular kind of nerve cell called a motor neuron transmits the signal, an impulse
    known as an action potential. A neuromuscular junction is created when a motor neuron
    attaches to a muscle cell. Skeletal muscle tissue is made up of cells called muscle
    fibers. The motor neuron releases a chemical signal upon the arrival of the nervous
    system signal at the neuromuscular junction. The chemical communication is
    communicated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which binds to receptors outside
    of the muscle fiber. The muscle starts a chemical process in this way. A multistep
    molecular cascade is triggered within the muscle fiber when acetylcholine binds to
    receptors on the membrane. The lengthy chains of proteins that make up muscle fibers
    can interact with one another and reorganize to shorten and relax. The mechanism that
    contracts relaxed muscle fibers starts when acetylcholine binds to receptors on the
    membranes of muscle fibers. The chemical reaction that causes the rearranging of the
    proteins in the muscle fibers is interrupted when the stimulation of the motor neuron
    giving the impulse to the muscle fibers ceases. As a result, the chemical reactions in the
    muscle fibers are reversed, causing the muscle to relax.

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