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    PSA Lab9

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    BlindGuy McSqueezy
    This document describes a MATLAB code and output for analyzing a symmetrical fault in a three bus power system. The code calculates the bus impedance matrices during sub-transient and transient conditions. It also calculates fault currents, bus voltages, line currents, and currents through buses B1 and B2 during sub-transient and transient conditions. The output shows the results of running the MATLAB code on a sample three bus power system with a three-phase fault at bus 3.

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    PSA Lab9

    Uploaded by

    BlindGuy McSqueezy
    16 views4 pages
    This document describes a MATLAB code and output for analyzing a symmetrical fault in a three bus power system. The code calculates the bus impedance matrices during sub-transient and transient conditions. It also calculates fault currents, bus voltages, line currents, and currents through buses B1 and B2 during sub-transient and transient conditions. The output shows the results of running the MATLAB code on a sample three bus power system with a three-phase fault at bus 3.

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    PSA lab9

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    This document describes a MATLAB code and output for analyzing a symmetrical fault in a three bus power system. The code calculates the bus impedance matrices during sub-transient and transient conditions. It also calculates fault currents, bus voltages, line currents, and currents through buses B1 and B2 during sub-transient and transient conditions. The output shows the results of running the MATLAB code on a sample three bus power system with a three-phase fault at bus 3.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views4 pages

    PSA Lab9

    Uploaded by

    BlindGuy McSqueezy
    This document describes a MATLAB code and output for analyzing a symmetrical fault in a three bus power system. The code calculates the bus impedance matrices during sub-transient and transient conditions. It also calculates fault currents, bus voltages, line currents, and currents through buses B1 and B2 during sub-transient and transient conditions. The output shows the results of running the MATLAB code on a sample three bus power system with a three-phase fault at bus 3.

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    of 4

    Roll No: 107120082 Name: Paavendan J M Experiment No.

    : 9

    SYMMETRICAL FAULT ANALYSIS

    The one-line diagram of a simple three bus power system is shown in Fig. 1. Each generator is represented
    by an emf behind the transient reactance. The ratio of transient to sub-transient reactance is 2.0. All
    impedances are expressed in per unit on a common base of 100 MVA. The resistances and shunt
    capacitances are neglected. All generators are running at their rated voltage and rated frequency with their
    emfs in phase. A three-phase fault occurs at bus 3 through a fault impedance of 𝑍𝑓=𝑗0.19per unit. Write a
    MATLAB code to compute the following.
    a) Bus Impedance Matrix during sub-transient condition
    b) Bus Impedance Matrix during transient condition
    c) Fault current, bus voltages, line currents and current flowing through B1 and B2 during
    sub-transient condition
    d) Fault current, bus voltages, line currents and current flowing through B1 and B2 during
    transient condition

    EELR17 Power Systems Laboratory 1


    MATLAB CODE:
    A=[1 1 .05i;
    1 2 .75i;
    1 3 .3i;
    2 2 .075i;
    2 3 .45i];

    % A = input("Enter the input matrix");

    n=max(A(:,2));
    n_c=numel(A(:,1));

    Ybs=complex(zeros(n));
    Yb=complex(zeros(n));

    for i=1:n_c
    f=A(i,1);
    t=A(i,2);
    X=A(i,3);
    if(f~=t)
    Ybs(f,t)=-Ybs(f,t)-1/X;
    Ybs(t,f)=-Ybs(t,f)-1/X;
    Ybs(f,f)=Ybs(f,f)+1/X;
    Ybs(t,t)=Ybs(t,t)+1/X;
    Yb(f,t)=-Yb(f,t)-1/X;
    Yb(t,f)=-Yb(t,f)-1/X;
    Yb(f,f)=Yb(f,f)+1/X;
    Yb(t,t)=Yb(t,t)+1/X;
    end
    if(f==t)
    Ybs(f,f)=Ybs(f,f)+2/X;
    Yb(f,f)=Yb(f,f)+1/X;
    end
    end

    Zbs=inv(Ybs);
    Zb=inv(Yb);
    Z_fault=0.19i;

    V1=1*exp(1i*0);
    V2=1*exp(1i*0);
    V3=1*exp(1i*0);

    I_f=[V3/(Zbs(3,3)+Z_fault);
    V3/(Zb(3,3)+Z_fault )];
    V1_f=[V1-Zbs(1,3)*I_f(1,1);
    V1- Zb(1,3)*I_f(2,1)];
    V2_f=[V2-Zbs(2,3)*I_f(1,1);
    V2- Zb(2,3)*I_f(2,1)];
    V3_f=[V3-Zbs(3,3)*I_f(1,1);
    V3- Zb(3,3)*I_f(2,1)];
    I12=[(V1_f(1,1)-V2_f(1,1))/A(2,3);
    (V1_f(2,1)- V2_f(2,1))/A(2,3)];
    I13=[(V1_f(1,1)-V3_f(1,1))/A(3,3);
    (V1_f(2,1)- V3_f(2,1))/A(3,3)];
    I23=[(V2_f(1,1)-V3_f(1,1))/A(5,3);
    (V2_f(2,1)- V3_f(2,1))/A(5,3)];
    I_B1=[I12(1,1)+I13(1,1);
    I12(2,1)+I13(2,1)];
    EELR17 Power Systems Laboratory 2
    I_B2=[-I12(1,1)+I23(1,1);
    -I12(2,1)+I23(2,1)];

    fprintf("\n 1. Bus Impedance Matrix during subtransient condition:\n")


    disp(Zbs);
    fprintf("\n 2. Bus Impedance Matrix during transient condition:\n")
    disp(Zb);
    fprintf("\n\n 3. DURING SUBTRANSIENT CONDITIONS:")
    fprintf("\n a)Fault current %.3fj pu",imag(I_f(1,1)))
    fprintf("\n b)Voltage at bus-1 %.3f pu",V1_f(1,1))
    fprintf("\n c)Voltage at bus-2 %.3f pu",V2_f(1,1))
    fprintf("\n d)Voltage at bus-3 %.3f pu",V3_f(1,1))
    fprintf("\n e)Line current(1,2) %.3fj pu",imag(I12(1,1)))
    fprintf("\n f)Line current(1,3) %.3fj pu",imag(I13(1,1)))
    fprintf("\n g)Line current(2,3) %.3fj pu",imag(I23(1,1)))
    fprintf("\n h)Current flowing through B1 is %.3fj pu",imag(I_B1(1,1)))
    fprintf("\n i)Current flowing through B2 is %.3fj pu",imag(I_B2(1,1)))

    fprintf("\n\n 4. DURING TRANSIENT CONDITIONS:")


    fprintf("\n a)Fault current %.3f pu",imag(I_f(2,1)))
    fprintf("\n b)Voltage at bus-1 %.3f pu",V1_f(2,1))
    fprintf("\n c)Voltage at bus-2 %.3f pu",V2_f(2,1))
    fprintf("\n d)Voltage at bus-3 %.3f pu",V3_f(2,1))
    fprintf("\n e)Line current(1,2) %.3fj pu",imag(I12(2,1)))
    fprintf("\n f)Line current(1,3) %.3fj pu",imag(I13(2,1)))
    fprintf("\n g)Line current(2,3) %.3fj pu",imag(I23(2,1)))
    fprintf("\n h)Current flowing through B1 is %.3fj pu",imag(I_B1(2,1)))
    fprintf("\n i)Current flowing through B2 is %.3fj pu",imag(I_B2(2,1)))

    MATLAB OUTPUT:
    1. Bus Impedance Matrix during subtransient condition:
    0.0000 + 0.0236i 0.0000 + 0.0021i 0.0000 + 0.0150i
    0.0000 + 0.0021i 0.0000 + 0.0343i 0.0000 + 0.0150i
    0.0000 + 0.0150i 0.0000 + 0.0150i 0.0000 + 0.1950i

    2.Bus Impedance Matrix during transient condition:


    0.0000 + 0.0450i 0.0000 + 0.0075i 0.0000 + 0.0300i
    0.0000 + 0.0075i 0.0000 + 0.0638i 0.0000 + 0.0300i
    0.0000 + 0.0300i 0.0000 + 0.0300i 0.0000 + 0.2100i

    3. DURING SUBTRANSIENT CONDITIONS:


    a)Fault current -2.597j pu
    b) Voltage at bus-1 0.961 pu
    c) Voltage at bus-2 0.961 pu
    d) Voltage at bus-3 0.494 pu
    e) Line current(1,2) 0.000j pu
    f) Line current(1,3) -1.558j pu
    g) Line current(2,3) -1.039j pu
    h) Current flowing through B1 is -1.558j pu
    i)Current flowing through B2 is -1.039j pu

    4. DURING TRANSIENT CONDITIONS:


    a)Fault current -2.500 pu
    b) Voltage at bus-1 0.925 pu
    c) Voltage at bus-2 0.925 pu
    d) Voltage at bus-3 0.475 pu

    EELR17 Power Systems Laboratory 3


    e) Line current(1,2) 0.000j pu
    f) Line current(1,3) -1.500j pu
    g) Line current(2,3) -1.000j pu
    h) Current flowing through B1 is -1.500j pu
    i)Current flowing through B2 is -1.000j pu

    OBSERVATIONS:
    • Symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults are the two types of faults we encounter in power systems.
    Faults are abnormal behaviours in power systems due to technical failures. Insulation failures,
    lighting strike flash overs and faulty operations are some of the reasons for occurrence of faults.
    • When a fault occurs due to short circuit, there will be a sudden surge of short circuit current in the
    system which has the potential to damage the electrical equipment.
    • When a short circuit occurs, the generator goes through three states. They are sub-transient,
    transient, and steady states. Current in armature of a 3-phase synchronous generator when
    terminals are short circuited is like current in RL series circuit when sinusoidal input is applied. But
    the synchronous generator offers a time-varying reactance which results in the above three states
    of a generator.

    EELR17 Power Systems Laboratory 4

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