A Research Presented to the Faculty of

Institute of Computer Studies

Holy Cross College

Sta. Ana, Pampanga

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree

Bachelor of Science in Information Technology

Title

MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale and Inventory Management

System with Data Analytics

Submitted by:

Carpizo, Lyca G.

Ramos, Jimuelle

Reyes, Joanna Marie A.

 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

POS systems are advanced technologies that are widely used by many businesses

today. Every now and then, a brand-new technological advancement arises and promises to

improve our lives. Either it enhances our performance by allowing us to operate more quickly

and simply, or it opens up alternatives and choices that weren't previously available. Computer

technology is one such example. Calculations that humans can't possibly accomplish are

tirelessly carried out by computers. By using these computations to interpret information, they

also provide new opportunities for social interaction and open up new worlds for engagement.

Information and communication technologies including computers have developed into a

significant force for change in the information age (Castells, 2000)

The most significant social advancement and a requirement for progress as we

advance in this computerized age is technology. Nowadays, a significant aspect in how

businesses and other organizations transact with their customers is the use of computers. Since

technology is a result of human discoveries, it can be used with both simple and highly

sophisticated tools and working methods. People were able to increase the scope of their labor as

quickly as possible thanks to inventions and technological development. People now use the

computer, the most significant and sophisticated machine that man has ever created, with the aid

of technology.
Background of the Study
The MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale and Inventory Management System with

Data Analytics faces several operational challenges, including data accuracy, integration

complexities, scalability, user training, technical support, security, and data privacy. Accurate

data verification and validation procedures are essential to ensure data accuracy and reliability.

Integration with various software systems and systems can be complex, requiring customization

and integration efforts. Scalability is another challenge, as inefficient architecture or hardware

limitations can hinder the system's ability to handle increased data volumes and user loads. User

training and adoption are also crucial, as resistance to change and inadequate training can impede

successful implementation. Technical support and maintenance are essential for smooth

operation, while security measures like encryption, access controls, and regular security audits

are crucial. Data analytics can pose challenges, as it requires skilled personnel and the right tools

to analyze and interpret the vast amount of data generated. To address these challenges, careful

planning, stakeholder engagement, thorough testing, regular system updates, performance

monitoring, and continuous improvement efforts are essential.

Statement of the Problem

MB Construction and Trading sales and inventory is updated, maintained and controlled without

using a technical or computer-based system. The business updates the inventory by physically

counting the inventory items on a regular basis. In this kind of system, sales and inventory

management are time consuming as the staff must keep track of inventory and sales daily while

updating all the records at the end of the day. This results in slow and inconsistent flow of

products from them up to the customer.

Specific Problem

The study specifically seeks to:

1. Misplacement of Reports/Item Records. Inventory goods that are misplaced, lost, or

stolen can lead to higher labor and inventory costs, as well as lower profitability.

2. Difficulty in Accessing Reports. It takes hours to access reports in MB Construction

and Trading. It is a drawback in a business. The organization cannot easily obtain reports

containing information like transaction summaries, sales figures, and inventory levels.

These documents are meant to make it easier to assess the present state of the company.

3. Slow Flow of Transactions. The business performance, availability, data integrity, and

growth are demonstrated by transaction processing. Due to time-consuming transactions

that increase traffic to the front desk, slow billing processes can result in lost sales and

clients, which is bad for business.

4. Manual Accounting. The company lacks an appropriate method for manually computing

an accurate sales total.

5. Hard time in Monitoring the Business Operation. The business might be at risk

without knowing by the owner, due to not having an idea about what is happening in the

operation of the business when he/she is not around.

Objectives

General Objective

The Proponents endorse the proposal which can help to implement good and accurate system

to the company and to satisfy the current needs of the business by making, developing and
implementing computerized sales and inventory management system that will help and enhance

the company’s operation.

Specific Objectives

1. Making Record Easily Accessible. Every bit of information that is recorded by the

company is crucial for planning and decision making. A systematic data management of

inventory helps in increasing the total productivity of the entire business operation and

minimizes the time consumed when accessing the information.

2. Eliminating the risks of stock-out and over-stocking of products. With appropriate

information about the stock condition of every single product, there would be proper

room allocation for each product, increasing the storage capacity products that are

becoming exhausted must be replenished immediately to accommodate customer

demand.

3. To reduce losses, damages and misappropriation of products. Knowing when was the

last time the product went into transaction, and who was accountable in selling the

product, is beneficial for the company in keeping an uninterrupted operation. The

management would be safe to know that its product flow is monitored accordingly.

4. Making the transaction fast and reliable. With the help of the new computerized sales

and inventory system it would result in an increased profitability and growth for the

company it can also reduce the loss of client due to consuming a lot of time which is bad

to the business.

5. Online Monitoring of Business Transactions. The business could run more efficiently if

managers can get access to company operation details even when they’re outside the
 business premises. With wireless network technology, valuable information is almost

always within reach.

Significance of the Study

With the development of the proposed computerized system, MB Construction and

Trading will benefit considering computer technology plays an important role in business

nowadays, it will make all operations fast and convenient. With the implementation of the

system, the following will improve and be more productive:

To the Employee. The proposed system is provided with a user friendly interface which easy to

use by the employee. It also can lessen the time consuming transactions, can enhance the level of

work, can help its processes more reliable and efficient, and provide accuracy and security of

data and information. Furthermore, the proposed system will lessen the work of employees or the

stock-in-charge in the inventory and monitoring process and provides faster access of inventory’s

information. It will also reduce or eliminate the percentage of human error in tallying in the

inventory process. Monitoring and updating of inventory records can be easily accommodated.

To the Customers. Customers will enjoy a better service process with the help of the

computerized system; ordering and payment method is made easy for the costumers which help

them to stay away from manhandling confusion during abundant-customers situation.

To the Admin/Owner. Fast and accurate of sales will help the admin to be more productive

moreover saves a lot of time computing with the traditional, with the computerized system, total

proceeds and other expenses will be automatically calculated, which helps the management to

easily determine the profitability of the business.

To Researchers. The study will help the researchers to achieve the knowledge and

understanding on how important is Information Technology to business and accomplish the

given task successfully.

To Future Researchers. The system would benefit the future researchers by means of this study;

they would have an idea on how to conduct their own study. This study could be a source of

information for them and would be the foundation of a new improve system.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

Scope

The study is all about the development of a desktop-based application system. The proponents

formulated the scope of this project to identify the boundaries of this study. The scopes of this

project are the following:

● File Management

This will handle the files, records and important data of the business. It includes item, category,

users, transaction history and inventory which contain all the record of adding and deleting of it.

● User Account Management

Under the account management, the following functionalities were developed and implemented,

registration of system users and assigning usernames and passwords and deleting when needed.

Assigning the users privileges according to the different roles they would perform within the

system.

● Inventory Management
Control stocks by automatically deducting items at the time of selling and generate reports for

the item stocks. This contains critical level which is used for items that are low on stock will be

monitored by the system to have sufficient stock. This system provides sales transaction for the

company. It holds information data regarding their sales operation it will be computed and

updated automatically during every transaction and recording of product will be made accurate,

fast and reliable due to the reduction of human error.

● Automatic Report Output

The system can automatically show a report that is ready to print out in no time.

● Online Dashboard and Inventory Management

It a website that is linked to a database which allows the report to be constantly updated which is

use for monitoring the business transactions.

● Discounts on Costumer

The system also includes an option if there would be a discount for each transaction but with the

administrator’s permission.

● Report Management

It generate sales report for a certain period of time. Specifically, for the sales report, the system

will compute the total sales for the indicated period of time like daily, monthly or yearly.

● Automatic computation in Billing Process

It the computerized system it includes an automation of computing the price. Wherein, the other

discount are included and automatically computed by the system.

 ● System Security

● The system can only be accessed by authorized personnel with valid username and

password to protect the business data stored in the database obliging users to login and

open their specific account.

Limitation

The limitations of this project are the following:

● The system will be used only for point of sale, inventory management, and analytic

processes.

● The inventory management will only show the list of stocks and highlight the row with

less stock.

● Only the Admin is capable to edit or modify the records of the employees, customers, and

goods.

● The system is not capable of processing payroll of the employees.

● It does not include the processes of bar code scanning, SMS notification, customer

management, supplier management, online transactions, or accepting payment through

checks, credit cards, or debit cards.

Definition of Terms
 Business Growth: Business growth refers to the expansion and development of a

company's operations, market share, and financial performance over time. The implementation of

the MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale and Inventory Management System with Data

Analytics is expected to contribute to business growth by improving sales and inventory

management processes, enabling data-driven decision-making, and enhancing customer

relationships.

Business Intelligence: Business Intelligence (BI) refers to the tools, technologies, and

practices used to collect, analyze, and present business data for decision-making purposes. It

involves transforming raw data into actionable insights through data aggregation, reporting, and

visualization. BI enables organizations to monitor key performance indicators (KPIs), assess

business performance, and gain a deeper understanding of their operations.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) System: A Customer Relationship

Management system is a software application that helps businesses manage interactions and

relationships with customers. It allows for the storage and organization of customer data, such as

contact information, purchase history, and preferences. A CRM system facilitates personalized

customer interactions, targeted marketing campaigns, and improved customer service.

Data Analytics: Data Analytics involves the process of examining and interpreting large sets

of data to uncover meaningful patterns, trends, and insights. It employs statistical techniques,

machine learning algorithms, and visualizations to extract valuable information from raw data.

Data analytics enables businesses to make informed decisions, identify opportunities for

improvement, and gain a competitive advantage.

 Inventory Management System: An Inventory Management System refers to the software

and processes employed by a company to effectively monitor, track, and control inventory levels.

It encompasses activities such as stock tracking, order management, and stock replenishment.

The system enables businesses to optimize inventory levels, avoid stockouts or overstocking, and

improve overall supply chain efficiency.

Point of Sale (POS) System. A Point of Sale system refers to the hardware and software

combination used to facilitate sales transactions and process payments. It typically includes a

cash register, barcode scanner, receipt printer, and software that records sales data, calculates

totals, and manages inventory. The POS system streamlines the sales process and provides real-

time transaction data for analysis.

Operational Efficiency: Operational efficiency refers to the ability of a company to

maximize output while minimizing input, resources, and time required to achieve desired

outcomes. In the context of the thesis, the MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale and

Inventory Management System with Data Analytics aims to streamline processes, reduce manual

errors, eliminate paperwork, and optimize resource utilization, ultimately enhancing operational

efficiency.

By providing clear definitions of these terms, readers and stakeholders can better

understand the concepts and principles underlying the thesis, ensuring a common

understanding throughout the document.

Foreign Literature
Tim Bajarin (Jun, 2013) writes on his article 'Bringing the Checkout Counter to You' that

station or aisle wherein people delivery and area merchandise they have selected to buy from the
place is a checkout counter or cashier stand. The typical technique that happens at checkout is

that cashier scans and earrings up every object at the cash sign up and obtains the total. The

transactions on the checkout are technique the use of POS machine that the retail keep adopts

consistent with its needs. According to Kaplan, Karen in his article on Los Angeles Times entitle

of "Do-It- Yourself Solution: Small Grocery Chain Has Big Plans for Its Retailing Software",

said that POS time period is relevant for are tail keep or keep, the checkout counter in the shop

wherein transactions between patron and keep can occur. The time period Point of Sale is

frequently utilized in connection or relative with the hardware and software program for

checkouts POS structures are being applied in many distinctive industries given that its

generation merge starting from restaurants, hotels & hospitality businesses, casinos, salons and

in addition to retail environments. Tim Crosby (2012), in his study How Inventory Management

Systems Work, notes that inventory management systems are the standard for knowing what

products are on sale, not only for businesses, but also for small businesses and vendors on which

shelves. It states that it is the standard for knowing if space is occupied. The system balances the

goal of always having enough of what customers want and the economic need of retailers to keep

inventory as low as possible (Tim Zierden, 2009). Therefore, a modern inventory management

system should have the ability to track sales and on- hand inventory, communicate with suppliers

in near real time, and receive and consolidate other data such as seasonal his demand. According

to Anton Dolinsky (2010), in his article on " Bar codes , Sales, and Inventory Management",

traders wrote down purchases early in inventory management to anticipate future demand, or Or

find out how many units were. The end of the day. However, since the industrial revolution of,

mass production and improving the customer experience at the point of sale have become the

main goals of his company, so this practice seems difficult to implement. In the early 1930s, his
team at Harvard University designed the first modern his POS system using his punch cards

corresponding to catalog items. In the 1960s, the development of his affordable laser technology

brought hope for a revival of this concept. Then came the modern bar code or Universal Product

Code (UPC), which came into force shortly before the 1970s. The result is an exponential

increase in the performance of the UPC code for tracking and managing assets, as well as

increased computational power.

Local Literature
Online sales monitoring and inventory (Jan 2001) the issue with the research is with the

company's inventory and sales monitoring system. The company's present procedure is to

manually keep track of sales and inventories. Due to the company's existing style of inventory

management, there are a number of issues with monitoring and stock checking. The management

of Konek.Com once stated that the manual approach of inventory control is particularly

troublesome and time-consuming. It has numerous flaws since it frequently messes up when

recording big amounts of data and causes disruptions to crucial transactions. In response to this,

the researchers created a system that will assist management in maintaining systematic records of

inventories and in producing reports about the inventory or stock that is now accessible in their

business in an automated manner. This would save time and prevent errors from being made

when recording big amounts of data. Additionally, the management's workload and time

commitment during inventory will be minimized. A hardware store called KONEK.COM may be

found on Mabini Street in Molave, Kamboanga del Sur. Mr. and Mrs. Roy Megapatan owned and

operated it. They got their start in a very small company that sold cell phone accessories. The

very small hardware store, however, becomes one of those who are trusted when it comes to
supplying electronic devices such as computers, computer accessories, cell phones, cell phone

accessories, flash drives, and other items in its community as a result of the company's

dedication to hard work and determination to rise among others. Today KONEK.COM, having

three branches with in the municipality, boasts its tag as one of its community’s leading hardware

store. According to SybexInc (1999), Visual Basic offers a graphical environment in which users

typically develop the forms and controls that serve as the foundation of the program. Numerous

practical tools that will increase productivity are supported by Visual Basic. The hardware of the

POS system is likewise different and significant. A typical system includes a computer running

the POS software, a display screen for the clerk, a customer display, a cash drawer, a credit card

swipe system, a printer, and a bar code scanner. Lewis (2002) stated that the reason for using

computers vary from person to person. Some of the computers is business are to perform

accuracy, to increase productivity, to decrease bottle necks or hassles, to alter cash flows or to

simply elevate your status.

Local Studies

Analysis and Design of Sales and Inventory Management System for Yochang General

Merchandise

The traditional way retailer keeps their sales and inventory details is in spreadsheets which are

not effective anymore when the size of the shop gets bigger. This is because more items will be

made available in a larger quantity, thus tracking the sales made with inventory level in the shop

would be complicated and time consuming for the retailer. this project will provide solution for

retailers that are still using traditional way in keeping their inventory data like ‘Yochang Store’ in

Ising Carmen Davao del Norte by creating inventory system. Sales and Inventory Management
System is a computer- based system that provides the shop structure for maintaining and

controlling goods to be stocked. The approach of Sales and Inventory Management System is

commonly used to avoid product overstock or outrages by integrating daily ‘Point of Sales’ with

store’s inventory level.

Conceptual Framework

Conceptual Framework: MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale and Inventory

Management System with Data Analytics. The conceptual framework for the MB Construction

and Trading Point of Sale and Inventory Management System with data analytics encompasses

the interconnected components and concepts that underpin the successful implementation and

utilization of the system. This framework outlines the key elements involved in achieving the

objectives of streamlining sales and inventory management, leveraging data analytics for

informed decision-making, and driving business growth.

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework

CHAPTER II

METHODOLOGY

Research Design
This section gives a precise presentation of the research design used on how to gather relevant

data for the study; the sources of data, the respondents’ and location where the study has been

conducted, the instrument used in gathering data and the tools for data analysis. The MB

Construction and Trading will be the site of the study. The administrator will need to be

contacted by the researchers because she is likely in charge of all the store's paperwork or
records. She will be questioned by them regarding their current system and the challenges they

face in maintaining all the records of the goods/products and items that have been sold in the

store. Therefore, the researchers will be able to develop a system that will address their current

operational problem. To ensure that everything was transparent, especially when it came to the

needs of the consumers, the researchers had outlined and recorded each aspect of this system.

Respondents

The respondents for the thesis "MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale and Inventory

Management System with Data Analytics" will typically include individuals and stakeholders

involved in the operations and management of MB Construction and Trading. The following are

the potential participants and respondents for the study:

1. Management and Owners:

● Key decision-makers and managers responsible for overseeing the operations of

MB Construction and Trading.

● Individuals who can provide insights into the company's goals, requirements, and

expectations from the proposed system.

2. Employees and Staff:

● Sales personnel involved in point of sale activities, including processing

transactions, managing inventory, and generating reports.

 ● Inventory managers responsible for monitoring stock levels, tracking shipments,

and managing supplier relationships.

● Data analysts or IT personnel involved in data collection, preprocessing, analysis,

and visualization.

3. Customers:

● Customers who interact with the point of sale system during their purchasing

transactions.

● Customers who have experienced the inventory management processes and may

provide feedback on the system's usability and effectiveness.

4. Suppliers and Distributors:

● Suppliers who collaborate with MB Construction and Trading for the procurement

of goods and materials.

● Distributors who are involved in the supply chain processes and interact with the

inventory management system.

The selection of participants and respondents will depend on the specific objectives and

scope of the study. It is crucial to ensure representation from different roles within the

organization to gather comprehensive insights into the existing system's limitations and

requirements. Additionally, feedback and input from customers, suppliers, and distributors will

provide valuable perspectives on the usability and effectiveness of the proposed system.

Instrument
 The instruments used in the thesis "MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale and

Inventory Management System with Data Analytics" will depend on the specific research

objectives and the data to be collected.

1. Observations:

● Observe and document the current point of sale and inventory management

processes within MB Construction and Trading.

● Identify bottlenecks, inefficiencies, and areas where data analytics can potentially

improve operations.

● Take note of user interactions with the existing system and any difficulties

encountered.

2. Data Collection Tools:

● Utilize data collection tools within the point of sale and inventory management

system to capture transactional data, inventory data, and other relevant

information.

● These tools may include barcode scanners, RFID readers, sensors, and other

hardware or software components used to track and record data.

3. Prototypes and User Testing:

● Develop prototypes or mock-ups of the proposed system's user interface and

functionalities.
 ● Conduct usability testing sessions with selected participants to gather feedback on

the system's intuitiveness, ease of use, and effectiveness in performing various

tasks.

● Document user feedback, suggestions, and areas for improvement.

Data Collection

The data collection for the thesis "MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale and

Inventory Management System with Data Analytics" will involve gathering relevant information

to address the research objectives and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system. The

data collection methods chosen should align with the research objectives, provide comprehensive

insights into the current system's limitations, and help evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed

system with data analytics capabilities. It is important to ensure data accuracy, privacy, and

compliance with ethical considerations throughout the data collection process.

Data Analysis

In the process of examining data sets to find trends and draw conclusions about the

information they contain.

Liker-Scale Description Likert-Scale Likert Scale

Strongly disagree 1 1.00 - 1.80

Disagree 2 1.81 -2.60

Neutral/Uncertain 3 2.61 -3.40

Agree 4 3.41 4.20

 Strongly agree 5 4.215.00

the primary analysis, we calculated descriptive statistics (means, standard deviation, and

frequencies) for the SPCILS aggregate database. The means were interpreted as follows:

Strongly disagree in the point range of 1.00 - 1.80, Disagree 1.81 -2.60, Neutral 2.61-3.40, Agree

3.41 - 4.20, and Strongly agree 4.21 -5.00 (see Table 3) (Pimentel, 2010).

System Development Methodology

For the thesis "MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale and Inventory Management

System with Data Analytics" involves identifying and documenting the specific needs and

objectives of the system. is a crucial phase in system development as it lays the foundation for

the design and implementation stages. It helps ensure that the developed system meets the needs

and expectations of MB Construction and Trading, resulting in an effective and efficient point of

sale and inventory management system with integrated data analytics capabilities.
Figure 3 Agile in SDLC

Agile

has been

derived

from project
management, so using agile in SDLC means SDLC makes strong project management to make a

process agile. It uses the application of skills, knowledge, tools, and techniques to project to

deliver the product to the customer successfully.

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REQUIREMENT DOCUMENTATION

Requirement documentation for the thesis "MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale

and Inventory Management System with Data Analytics" involves capturing and organizing the

gathered requirements in a clear and structured format. Here's an example template for

documenting the requirements:

  Client Requirements

 Business Case

 Project Brief

 Feasibility Study

 Project Budgets / Cost Plans

DESIGN OF SOFTWARE, SYSTEMS, PRODUCT AND/OR PROCESS

The design of the software, systems, product, and/or process for the thesis "MB

Construction and Trading Point of Sale and Inventory Management System with Data Analytics"

involves creating a detailed plan and architecture for the development and implementation of the

system.

Construction involves the use of 3D System Design Software to design and analyze the
construction of building systems such as formwork, glazing, and tie-backs to improve the
planning for the construction process the use of 3D System Design Software to design and
analyze the construction of building systems such as formwork, glazing, and tie-backs to
improve the planning for the construction process.
 Development

Throughout the implementation process, regular communication and collaboration with

key stakeholders at MB Construction and Trading will be maintained to ensure that the system

meets their requirements and expectations. Timely progress reports and milestone reviews will

be conducted to track the project's progress and address any potential deviations from the plan.

By following this implementation plan, the MB Construction and Trading Point of Sale

and Inventory Management System with Data Analytics can be successfully deployed, enabling

the organization to streamline their sales and inventory processes, optimize decision-making

through data analysis, and enhance overall operational efficiency.

Implementation Plan Table

Table 2. Implementation Plan Table

Strategy Activities Person’s Involved

Approval from the MB Letter for the Researchers,

Construction & Trading Administrator
Administrators

System Installation Installation of the system Researchers,

and required software and
Administrators
hardware

Information Manual Company,

 Distribution

Administrator,

Employee

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