MAsample

Mathematics Advanced Higher School Certificate Examinations by Topics compiled by projectmaths.com.
au page 1
MATHEMATICS ADVANCED v2021.1
HSC Exam* Questions by Topic Licensed

from NESA
2020 - 2016
Complete Papers
Year 11 Course Year 12 Course 2020 HSC Paper
Functions Functions 2020 NESA Sample Paper
F1.1 Algebraic techniques F2 Graphing techniques Question

F1.2 Introduction to functions Trigonometric Functions Difficulty
Easy
F1.3 Linear, quadratic & cubic functions T3 Trig functions and graphs
F1.4 Further functions & relations Calculus Mid-range
Trigonometric Functions C2.1 Diff of trig, exp & log fns
Difficult
T1.1 Trigonometry C2.2 Rules of differentiation
T1.2 Radians C3.1 The first & second derivs
T2 Trigonometric functions & identities C3.2 Applications of the deriv
Calculus C4.1 The anti-derivative
C1.1 Gradients of tangents C4.2 Areas & the definite integral
C1.2 Difference quotients Financial Mathematics
C1.3 The derivative function & its graph M1.1 Modelling investments & loans
C1.4 Calculating with derivatives M1.2 Arithmetic sequences & series
Exponential & Logarithmic Functions M1.3 Geometric sequences & series
E1.1 Introducing logarithms M1.4 Financial apps of sequences & series
E1.2 Logarithmic laws & applications Statistical Analysis
E1.3 Exponential function & natural logs S2.1 Data and summary statistics
E1.4 Graphs & apps of exp & log functions S2.2 Bivariate data analysis
Statistical Analysis S3.1 Continuous random variables
S1.1 Probability & Venn diagrams S3.2 The normal distribution
S1.2 Discrete probability distributions
Mathematics Advanced, Ext 1, Ext 2 Reference Sheet (2020 HSC)

HSC Examination Papers Mathematics
Questions by Topic from … Advanced (2020), Mathematics
Standard 2 (2020, 2019),
• 2020 Mathematics Advanced HSC and 2019 – 2016 Mathematics HSC Mathematics General 2 (including
• NESA Sample Examination Paper[MA SP] and other examination questions [MA SQ] Maths General from 2016-2018);
Mathematics (2016-2019),
• Selected NESA Topic Guidance questions [TG] Mathematics Extension 1 (2016-
2020), and Mathematics Standard 1
• Selected NESA Maths Stand 2 Sample exam questions [MS SQ] (common topics) (2020, 2019) © NSW Education
Standards Authority for and on behalf
• Selected Qs from 2020 – 2016 Maths Extension 1 and 2020 – 2016 Maths Stand 2/General HSCs of the Crown in right of the state of
• NESA’s Mathematics Standard 2 Sample exam questions [MS SQ] New South Wales.
HSC exam papers © NSW Education Standards Authority for and on behalf of the Crown in right of State of NSW
Mathematics Advanced Higher School Certificate Examinations by Topics compiled by projectmaths.com.au page 2
Year 11: Trigonometric Functions

T1.1 Trigonometry Back
Syllabus: updated November 2019. Latest version @

https://educationstandards.nsw.edu.au/wps/portal/nesa/11-12/stage-6-learning-areas/stage-6-mathematics/mathematics-advanced-2017
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Sheet 2
20 15 Mr Ali, Ms Brown and a group of students were camping Solution
MA at the site located at P.

Mr Ali walked with some of the students on a bearing of Not to
035o for 7 km to location A. scale
20 31 Ms Brown, with the rest of the students, walked on a
MS bearing of 100o for 9 km to location B.
2
(a) Show that the angle APB is 65o. 1
(b) Find the distance AB. 2
(c) Find the bearing of Ms Brown’s group from Mr Ali’s group. 2

Give your answer correct to the nearest degree.
COMMON QUESTION: NESA 2020 Mathematics Standard 2 and Advanced HSC Examinations
20 22 The diagram shows a regular decagon (ten-sided shape with all 4 Solution
MA sides equal and all interior angles equal).

The decagon has centre O.
The perimeter of the shape is 80 cm.
By considering triangle OAB, calculate the area of the ten-sided
20 32 shape.
MS Give your answer in square centimetres, correct to one decimal
2 place.
MA 12 The diagram shows a triangle with sides of length x 3 Solution
SP Band
cm, 11 cm and 13 cm and an angle of 80o.
2-4
Use the cosine rule to calculate the value of x,

19 17 correct to two significant figures.
MS
2
NESA Mathematics Advanced Sample Examination Paper (2020)

NESA 2019 Mathematics Standard 2 HSC Examination
MA 21 The diagram shows the distances of four towns 3 Solution
Band
SP A, B, C and D from point O.
3-5
The true bearings of towns A, B and D from point
O are also shown.
The area of the acute-angled triangle BOC is
198 cm2.
Calculate the true bearing of town C from point O,
correct to the nearest degree.

MA 12 The diagram shows the three towns X, Y and Solution
SQ Band
Z. Town Z is due east of Town X. The NOT TO
2-5 o SCALE
2019
bearing of Town Y from Town X is N39 E and
o
the bearing of Town Z from Town Y is S51 E.
The distance between Town X and Town Y is
1330 km.
A plane flies between the three towns.
(a) Mark the given information on the 2
diagram and explain why  XYZ is 90o.
(b) Find the distance between Town X and Town Z to the nearest kilometre. 2
(c) The plane is going to fly from Town Y to Town X, stopping at Town Z on the 3
way. Leaving Town Y, the pilot incorrectly sets the bearing of Town Z to
S50oE. The pilot flies for 1650 km before realising the mistake, then changes
course and flies directly to Town X without going to Town Z.
Which is closer to Town X: Town Z or the point where the pilot changes
course? Justify your answer.
NESA Mathematics Advanced Sample examination materials (2019)
TG 1 In the diagram, OAB is a sector of the circle with Solution
centre O and radius 6 cm, where  AOB = 30o.

Determine the exact value of the area of the
triangle OAB.
NESA Mathematics Advanced Year 11 Topic Guide: Trigonometric functions

TG 2 Find the value of x in the following diagram. Solution
17 13
M a

NESA 2017 Mathematics HSC Examination
TG 3 Chris leaves island A in a boat and sails Solution
142 km on a bearing of 078o to island B.

14 13 Chris then sails on a bearing of 191o for
M d 220 km to island C, as shown in the diagram.
(a) Show that the distance from island C to
island A is approximately 210 km.
(b) Chris wants to sail from island C directly to
island A. On what bearing should Chris
sail? Give your answer correct to the
nearest degree.

TG 4 Determine the possible dimensions for triangle ABC given AB = 5.4 cm,  BAC = 32o Solution
and BC = 3 cm.
TG 5 A person walks 2000 metres due north Solution
along a road from point A to point B.

The point A is due east of a mountain
OM, where M is the top of the
mountain. The point O is directly
below point M and is on the same
horizontal plane as the road. The
height of the mountain above point O
is h metres.
From point A, the angle of elevation to
the top of the mountain is 15o. From point B, the angle of elevation to the top of the
mountain is 13o.
Determine the height of the mountain
TG 6 The Eiffel Tower is located in Paris, a city built on a flat floodplain. Three tourists Solution
A, B and C are observing the Eiffel Tower from the ground. A is due north of the
tower, C is due east of the tower, and B is on the line-of-sight from A to C and
between them. The angles of elevation to the top of the Eiffel Tower from A, B
and C are 26o, 28o and 30o, respectively. Determine the bearing of B from the
Eiffel Tower.
MS ME Which of the following expresses S20oW as a true bearing? 1 Solution
SQ 4 A. 020o B. 070o C. 160o D. 200o

NESA Mathematics Standard 2 Sample examination materials
MS ME Abbey walks 2 km due west from home to a coffee shop. 1 Solution
SQ 7 She then walks on a bearing of 148o to school, which is due south of her home.
How far south, to the nearest 0.1 km, is Abbey from home?
A. 1.1 km B. 1.2 km C. 3.2 km D. 3.8 km
MS ME Paul travels from A to B on a bearing of 1 Solution
SQ 8 150o.
He then turns and walks to C on a
bearing of 055o.
What is the size of  ABC?
A. 85o B. 90o
o
C. 95 D. 115o
NOT TO SCALE
MS ME The angle of depression from a window to 1 Solution
SQ 9 a car on the ground is 40o.

The car is 50 metres from the base of the
building.
How high above the ground is the
window, correct to the nearest metre?
A. 32 m
B. 38 m
C. 42 m
D. 48 m
MS ME The diagram shows the radial survey of a Solution
SQ 24 piece of land.
(a) B is south west of O. 2
What is the true bearing of C from O?
(b) What is the area of angle of  AOB, to 3
the nearest m2?
NOT TO SCALE

MS ME Lisa owns a piece of land as shown in the diagram. 4 Solution
SQ 25 The length of BC is 230 metres.

The size of angle BCA is 87o and of angle BAC
is 47o.
Lisa wants to build a fence along AC.
Fencing can be purchased in metre lengths at a
cost of $65 per metre. NOT TO
Calculate the cost of the fencing required. SCALE

MS ME Find the area of triangle PQR, correct to the 4 Solution
SQ 26 nearest square metre.
NOT TO SCALE
MS ME The diagram shows triangle XYZ. 3 Solution
SQ 27 The area of the triangle 43 m2 and  YXZ is acute.

What is the size of  YXZ, to the nearest degree?
NOT TO SCALE
MS ME The scale diagram shows the 3 Solution
SQ 28 aerial view of a block of land DIAGRAM TO SCALE

bounded on one side by a
road. The length of the block,
AB, is known to be
45 metres.
Calculate the approximate
area of the block of land,
using three applications of
the trapezoidal rule.
[A note to students from

projectmaths: Use a ruler to
measure AB as 4.5 cm]

19 11 Using the sine rule, find the value of x correct to one 2 Solution
M a decimal place.

19 14 The regular hexagon ABCDEF has sides of length 1. 3 Solution
M c The diagonal AE and the side CD are produced to

meet at the point X.
Copy or trace the diagram into your writing booklet.
Find the exact length of the line segment EX,
justifying your answer.

19 4 Which compass bearing is the same as a true bearing of 110o? 1 Solution
MS A. S20oE B. S20oW C. S70oE D. S70oW
2
19 12 An owl is 7 metres above ground level, in a tree. The owl sees a mouse on the 1 Solution
MS ground at an angle of depression of 32o. How far must the owl fly in a straight line
2
to catch the mouse, assuming the mouse does not move?
A. 3.7 m B. 5.9 m C. 8.3 m D. 13.2 m
19 22 Two right-angled triangles, ABC and ADC, are 3 Solution
MS shown.
2
Calculate the size of angle , correct to the

nearest minute.
19 35 A compass radial survey shows the positions of 3 Solution

MS four towns A, B, C and D relative to the point O.
2
The area of the triangle BOC is 198 km2.
Calculate the bearing of town C from point O,

correct to the nearest degree.

18 12 A ship travels from Port A on a bearing of Solution
M a 050o for 320 km to Port B. It then travels on

a bearing of 120o from 190 km to Port C.
(i) What is the size of  ABC?
1
(ii) What is the distance from Part A to
2
Port C?
Answer to the nearest kilometre.
NOT TO SCALE

18 14 In  KLM, KL has length 3, LM has length 6 Solution
M a and  KLM is 60o. The point N is chosen on

side KM so that LN bisects  KLM.
The length LN is x.
(i) Find the exact value of the area of  KLM. 1
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, find the exact value 2
of x.
18 30 The diagram shows two triangles. 3 Solution
MG c Triangle ABC is right-angled, with

2 AB = 13 cm and  ABC = 62o.
In triangle ACD, AD = x cm and
 DAC = 40o.
The area of triangle ACD is 30 cm2.
What is the value of x, correct to
one decimal place?
NESA 2017 Mathematics General 2 HSC Examination
17 30 The diagram shows the location of three Solution
MG c schools. School A is 5 km due north of school

2 B, school C is 13 km from school B and  ABC
is 135o.
(i) Calculate the shortest distance from school 2
A to school C, to the nearest kilometre.
(ii) Determine the bearing of school C from 3
school A, to the nearest degree.

16 1 7 24 1 Solution
For the angle , sin  = and cos  = – .
M 25 25
Which diagram best shows the angle  ?
(A) (B) (C) (D)

16 12 Square tiles of side length 20 cm are 3 Solution
M c being used to tile a bathroom.

The tiler needs to drill a hole in one of the
tiles at a point P which is 8 cm from one
corner and 15 cm from an adjacent
corner.
To locate the point P the tiler needs to
know the size of the angle  shown in the NOT TO
diagram. SCALE
Find the size of the angle  to the nearest
degree.
16 25 The diagram shows towns A, B and C. Town B 1 Solution
MG is 40 km due north of town A. The distance

2 from B to C is 18 km and the bearing of C from
A is 025o. It is known that  BCA is obtuse.
What is the bearing of C from B?
(A) 070o
(B) 095o
(C) 110o
(D) 135o
16 30 A school playground consists of part of a circle, 5 Solution
MG c with centre O, and a rectangle as shown in the

2 diagram. The radius OB of the circle is 45 m, the
width BC of the rectangle is 20 m and  AOB is
100o.
What is the area of the whole playground, correct

to the nearest square metre?

15 13 The diagram shows  ABC with sides Solution
M a AB = 6 cm, BC = 4 cm and AC = 8 cm.

7
(i) Show that cos A = .
8 1
(ii) By finding the exact value of 2
sin A, determine the exact value
of the area of  ABC.
Not to scale
Year 12: Calculus Back
C4.2 Areas and the Definite Integral

Reference
Sheet
20 7 The diagram shows the graph y = f(x), 1 Solution
MA which is made up of line segments and a

semicircle.
12
What is the value of  f (x) dx?
0
A. 24 + 2 B. 24 + 4
C. 30 + 2 D. 30 + 4
NESA 2020 Mathematics Advanced HSC Examination
20 13 
4
2 Solution
MA
 sec
2
Evaluate x dx.
0
20 20 Kenzo is driving his car along a road while 2 Solution
MA his friend records the velocity of the car,

v(t), in km/h every minute over a 5-minute
period. The table gives the velocity v(t), at
time t hours.
The distance covered by the car over the
5
60
5-minute period is given by  v (t ) dt.
0
Use the trapezoidal rule and the velocity at each of the six time values to find the
approximate distance in kilometres the car has travelled in the 5-minute period.
Give your answer correct to one decimal place,
20 30 The diagram shows two parabolas y = 4x – x2 Solution
MA and y = ax2, where a > 0.

The two parabolas intersect at the origin, O,
and at A.
4 2
(a) Show that the x-coordinate of A is .
a+1
(b) Find the value of a such that the shaded 4
16
area is .
3
MA 18 The diagram shows a continuous Solution

Band
SP function y = f(x) defined in the domain
2-5
[–2, 10].
The function consists of a quarter of a
circle centred at (0, 0) with radius 2,
a straight line segment and a
logarithmic function f(x) = ln (x – 2) in
the domain [3, 10].
(a) Find the exact area bounded by the 2
function y = f(x) and the x-axis in
the domain [–2, 3].
10 10
(b) Hence, find the exact value of  ln( x − 2) dx, given that  f (x) dx = 8 ln 8 – 10 – . 2
3 −2
NESA Mathematics Advanced Sample HSC Examination Paper (2020)
MA 35 The diagram shows the curves y = sin x 4 Solution
SP Band
and y = 3 cos x.
3-6
Find the area of the shaded region.

MA 38 A cable is freely suspended Solution
Band
SP between two 10 m poles, as
3-6
shown. The poles are 100 m apart
and the minimum height of the
cable is 8 metres.
The height of the cable is given as
y = c(ekx + e–kx), where c and k
are positive constants.
(a) Show that the value of c is 4. 1
ln2
(b) Use the result in part (a) to show that one value of k is . 4
50
(c) Hence find the area between the poles, the cable and the ground. 3
MA 11 (a) Sketch the graph of y = ln x in the space provided. 1 Solution
Band
SQ (b) Use the trapezoidal rule with three function values to find an approximation 2
2019 2-5
3
to  ln x dx.
1
(c) State whether the approximation found in part (b) is greater than or less 1
3
than the exact value of  ln x dx. Justify your answer.
1
TG 1 The graph represents the function y

Solution
y = f(x).
10
8
Use the graph to evaluate the 6
10 4
integral  f (x) dx. 2
0
0 x
0 5 10
NESA Mathematics Advanced Year 12 Topic Guide: Calculus

TG 2 The graph represents the function y
Solution
y = g(x).
3
Use the formula for the area of a

3
circle to find  g(x) dx.
0
O 3 x
TG 3 The following table shows the velocity Solution
(in metres per second) of a moving object Time 30 40 50 60 70

evaluated at 10-second intervals.
Velocity 0 4.6 5.7 8 9.9
Use the trapezoidal rule to obtain an estimate
of the distance travelled by the object over
the time interval 30  t  70.
TG 4 An object is moving on the x-axis. Solution
dx
The graph shows the velocity, , of the
07 10 dt
M a object as a function of time t.
The coordinates of the points shown on the
graph are A(2, 1), B(4, 5), C(5, 0) and
D(6, –5 ).
The velocity is constant for t  6.
(a) Use the trapezoidal rule to estimate the
distance travelled between t = 0 and
t=4
(b) The object is initially at the origin.
When is the displacement of the object decreasing?
(c) Estimate the time at which the object returns to the origin. Justify your answer.
(d) Sketch the displacement x as a function of time.
TG 5 Find the area bounded by the graph of y = 3x2 + 6, the x-axis, and the lines Solution
x = –2 and x = 2.
TG 6 2 Solution
x
3
(a) Show that dx = 0.
−2
(b) Explain why this is not representative of the area bounded by the graph of y = x3,
the x-axis, and the lines x = –2 and x = 2.
TG 7 Find the area bounded by the line y = 5 and the curve y = x2 – 4. Solution
TG 8 Solution
Given Q(x) =  8x 3 dx, and Q(0) = 5, determine Q(x).

TG 9 Sketch the region bounded by the curve y = x2 and the lines y = 4, y = 9. Solution
Evaluate the area of this region.

19 11 1 3 Solution
1
M e
Evaluate  (3x + 2)
0
2
dx.

19 12 3x 2 Solution
The diagram shows the graph of y = .
M d 2
x +1
The region enclosed by the graph, the x-axis
and the line x = 3 is shaded.
Calculate the exact value of the area of the
shaded region.

19 16 A particle moves in a straight line, starting at the origin. 3 Solution
M b Its velocity, v ms–1, is given by v = ecos t – 1, where t is in

seconds.
The diagram shows the graph of the velocity against time.
Using one application of Trapezoidal rule*, estimate the
position of the particle when it first comes to rest. Give your answer correct to two
decimal places. *Changed from Simpson’s rule by projectmaths.
19 16 The diagram shows the region R, bounded by the curve Solution
M c y = xr, where r  1, the x-axis and the tangent to the

curve at the point (1, 1).
(i) Show that the tangent to the curve at (1, 1) meets 2
r −1
the x-axis at ( , 0).
r
(ii) Using the result of part (i), or otherwise, show that 2
r −1
the area of the region R is .
2r (r + 1)
(iii) Find the exact value of r for which the area of R is a 3
maximum.
18 7 The diagram shows 1 Solution
M the graph of y = f(x)

with intercepts at
x = –1, 0, 3 and 4.
The area of shaded
region R1 is 2.
The area of shaded
region R2 is 3.
4 3
It is given that y =  f ( x ) dx = 10. What is the value of  f (x) dx?
0 −1
A. 5 B. 9 C. 11 D. 15
18 10  2 1 Solution
M A trigonometric function f(x) satisfies the condition  f (x) dx   f (x) dx.

0 
Which function could f(x) be?
x x
A. f(x) = sin (2x) B. f(x) = cos (2x) C. f(x) = sin   D. f(x) = cos  
2 2
18 11 3 2 Solution
e
5x
M e Evaluate dx.
0
18 15 The diagram shows the region bounded by 3 Solution
M b 1 NOT TO SCALE
the curve y = and the lines x = 0,
x +3
x = 45 and y = 0. The region is divided
into two parts of equal area by the line
x = k, where k is a positive integer. What
is the value of the integer k, given that
the two parts have equal area?
18 15 The shaded region is enclosed by the Solution
M c curve y = x3 – 7x and the line y = 2x as

shown in the diagram. The line y = 2x
meets the curve y = x3 – 7x at O(0, 0)
and A(3, 6). DO NOT prove this.
(i) Use integration to find the area of 2
the shaded region.
(ii) Verify that one application of 2
Simpson’s rule gives the exact area
of the shaded region. Not in Maths A NOT TO SCALE
The point P is chosen on the curve
y = x3 – 7x so that the tangent at P is
parallel to the line y = 2x and the x-coordinate of P is positive.
(iii) Show that the coordinates of P are ( 3 ,–4 3 ). 2
(iv) Find the area of  OAP. Not in Maths A 2
17 14  Solution
3
M b
(i) Find the exact value of  cos x
0
dx. 1
(ii) Using Trapezoidal rule* with three function values, find an approximation to the 2

3
integral  cos x dx, leaving your answer in terms of  and
0
3.
*Changed from Simpson’s rule by projectmaths.

(iii) deleted
17 14 The shaded region shown is 3 Solution
M d enclosed by two parabolas, each

with x-intercepts at x = –1 and
x = 1.
The parabolas have equations
y = 2k(x2 – 1) and y = k(1 – x2),
where k > 0.
Given that the area of the shaded
region is 8, find the value of k.

16 9 2 1 Solution
M What is the value of  | x + 1 | dx?

−3
5 11 13 17
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2
16 11 1 2 Solution
M d Evaluate 
0
(2x + 1)3 dx.

3x
16 12 (i) Differentiate y = xe . 1 Solution
M d 2
e
3x 2
(ii) Hence find the exact value of (3 + 9x) dx.
0
16 13   3 Solution
M d The curve y = 2 cos  x  meets the line

4 
y = x at P(1, 1), as shown in the diagram.
Find the exact value of the shaded area.

16 14 The diagram shows the cross-section of a tunnel and a proposed enlargement. 3 Solution
a The heights, in metres, of the

existing section at 1 metre intervals
are shown in Table A.
The heights, in metres, of the

proposed enlargement are shown in
Table B.
Use the Trapezoidal rule* with the measurements given to calculate the
approximate increase in area. *Changed from Simpson’s rule by projectmaths.
Year 12: Financial Mathematics Back
M1.4 Financial Applications of Sequences and Series

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20 26 Tina inherits $60 000 and invests it in an account earning interest at a rate of 0.5% Solution
MA per month. Each month, immediately after the interest has been paid, Tina
withdraws $800.
The amount in the account immediately after nth withdrawal can be determined
20 34 using the recurrence relation An = An–1(1.005) – 800, where n = 1, 2, 3, … and
MS A0 = 60 000.
2 (a) Use the recurrence relation to find the amount of money in the account 2
immediately after the third withdrawal. *
(b) Calculate the amount of interest earned in the first three months. * 2
(c) Calculate the amount of money in the account immediately after the 94th 3
withdrawal.
* COMMON QUESTION: NESA 2020 Mathematics Standard 2 and Advanced HSC Examinations
MA 36 An island initially has 16 100 trees. The number of trees increases by 1% per Solution
Band
SP annum. The people on the island cut down 1161 trees at the end of each years.
2-6
(a) Show that after the first year there are 15 100 trees. 1
(b) Show that at the end of 2 years the number of trees remaining is given by the 2
expression T2 = 16 100 × (1.01)2 – 1161(1 + 1.01).
(c) Show that at the end of n years the number of trees remaining is given by the 2
expression Tn = 116 100 – 100 000 × (1.01)n .
(d) For how many years will the people on the island be able to cut down 1
1161 trees annually?
MA 2 What amount must be invested now at 4% per annum, compounded quarterly, so 1 Solution
Band
SQ that in five years it will have grown to $60 000?
2019 3-6
A. $8919 B. $11 156 C. $49 173 D. $49 316
TG 1 A gardener develops an eco-friendly spray that will kill harmful insects on fruit trees Solution
16 14 without contaminating the fruit. A trial is to be conducted with 100 000 insects. The
M b gardener expects the spray to kill 35% of the insects each day and exactly 5000
new insects will be produced each day.
The number of insects expected at the end of the nth day of the trial is An.
(i) Show that A2 = 0.65(0.65 × 100 000 + 5000) + 5000. 2
(1 − 0.65n ) 1
(ii) Show that An = 0.65n × 100 000 + 5000 .
0.35
(iii) Find the expected insect population at the end of the fourteenth day, correct 1
to the nearest 100.
NESA Mathematics Advanced Year 12 Topic Guide: Financial mathematics
TG 2 At the start of a month, Joe opens a bank account and makes a deposit of $500. At Solution
14 16b the start of each subsequent month, Joe makes a deposit which is 1% more than
M the previous deposit. At the end of each month, the bank pays interest of 0.3%
(per month) on the balance of the account.
(i) Explain why the balance of the account at the end of the second month is 2
$500(1.003)2 + $500(1.01)(1.003).
(ii) Find the balance of the account at the end of the 60th month, correct to the 3
nearest dollar.
NESA Mathematics Advanced Year 12 Topic Guide: Financial mathematics
MS FM Mia wants to invest $42 000 for a total of 5 years. She has three investment 5 Solution
SQ 11 options.
Option A – simple interest is paid at the rate of 6% per annum
Option B – compound interest is paid at a rate of 5.5% per annum, compounded
annually
Option C – compound interest is paid at a rate of 4.8% per annum, compounded
quarterly
Determine Mia’s best investment option. Support your answer with calculations.
MS FM A house was purchased at the start of 1986 for $45 000. 2 Solution
SQ 19 Assume that the value of the house has increased by 8% per annum since then.
What is the value of the house at the end of 2019, to the nearest $1000?
19 16 A person wins $1 000 000 in a competition and decides to invest this money in an Solution
M a account that earns interest at 6% per annum compounded quarterly. The person
decides to withdraw $80 000 from this account at the end of every fourth quarter.
Let A be the amount remaining in the account after the nth withdrawal.
(i) Show that the amount remaining in the account after the withdrawal at the end 2
of the eighth quarter is A2 = 1 000 000 × 1.0158 – 80 000(1 + 1.0154).
(ii) For how many years can the full amount of $80 000 be withdrawn? 3
18 16c Kara deposits an amount of $300 000 into an account which pays compound Solution
M interest of 4% per annum, added to the account at the end of each year.
Immediately after the interest is added, Kara makes a withdrawal for expenses for
the coming year. The first withdrawal is $P. Each subsequent withdrawal is 5%
greater than the previous one. Let $An be the amount in the account after the nth
withdrawal.
(i) Show that A2 = 300 000(1.04)2 – P[(1.04) + (1.05)] 1
(ii) Show that A3 = 300 000(1.04)3 – P[(1.04)2 + (1.04)(1.05) + (1.05)2]. 1
n
 105  3000
(i) Show that there will be money in the account when   <1+ . 3
 104  P
17 15b Anita opens a savings account. At the start of each month she deposits $X into the Solution
M savings account. At the end of the month, after interest is added into the savings
account, the bank withdraws $2500 from the savings account as a loan repayment.
Let Mn be the amount in the savings account after the nth withdrawal.
The savings account pays interest at 4.2% per annum compounded monthly.
(i) Show that after the second withdrawal the amount in the savings account is 2
given by M2 = X(1.00352 + 1.0035) – 2500(1.0035 + 1).
(ii) Find the value of X so that the amount in the savings account is $80 000 after 3
the last withdrawal of the fourth year.
2020 HSC Paper HSCtwenty

Back
20 1 Which inequality gives the domain of 2x − 3 ? 1 Solution
MA
3 3 3 3
A. x < B. x > C. x  D. x 
2 2 2 2
3
20 2 The function f(x) = x is transformed Horizontal translation Vertical translation 1 Solution
MA to g(x) = (x – 2)2 + 5 by a of 2 units of 5 units

horizontal translation of 2 units
followed by a vertical translation of
A. Left Up
5 units. B. Right Up
Which row of the table shows the
C. Left Down
directions of the translations? D. Right Down
20 3 John recently did a class test in each of John's Standard 1 Solution
MA three subjects. The class scores on each Subject score Mean deviation
test are normally distributed. French 82 70 8
The table shows the subjects and John’s Commerce 80 65 5
20 8 scores as well as the mean and standard Music 74 50 12
MS deviation of the class scores on each test.
2 Relative to the rest of the class, which Strongest subject Weakest subject
row of the table below show’s John’s A. Commerce French
strongest subject and his weakest
B. French Music
subject?
C. Music French
D. Commerce Music
20 4
 ( e + e ) dx? 1
3x Solution
What is
MA
1 3x 1 3x
A. ex + 3e3x + c B. ex + e +c C. e + 3e3x + c D. e + e +c
3 3
20 5 Which of the following could represent the graph of y = –x2 + bx + 1, where b > 0? 1 Solution
MA
20 6 Which interval gives the range of the function y = 5 + 2 cos 3x? 1 Solution
MA A. [2, 8] B. [3, 7] C. [4, 6] D. [5, 9]

20 7 The diagram shows the graph y = f(x), 1 Solution
MA which is made up of line segments and a

semicircle.
12
What is the value of  f (x) dx?
0
A. 24 + 2 B. 24 + 4
C. 30 + 2 D. 30 + 4
20 8 The graph of y = f(x) is shown. 1 Solution
MA
Which of the following inequalities is correct?
A. f’’ (1) < 0 < f’ (1) < f(1)
B. f’’ (1) < 0 < f(1) < f’ (1)
C. 0 < f’’ (1) < f’ (1) < f(1)
D. 0 < f’’ (1) < f(1) < f’ (1)
20 9 Suppose the weight of melons is normally distributed with a mean of  and a 1 Solution
MA standard deviation of  .
A melon has a weight below the lower quartile of the distribution but NOT in the
bottom 10% of the distribution.
Which of the following most accurately represents the region in which the weight of
this melon lies?
20 10 The graph shows two functions y = f(x) and 1 Solution
MA y = g(x).
Define h(x) = f (g(x)).
How many stationary points does y = h(x) have
for 1  x  5?
A. 0 B. 1
C. 2 D. 3
20 11 There are two tanks on a Solution
MA property, Tank A and Tank B.

Initially, Tank A holds
1000 litres of water and
Tank B is empty.
20 24
MS (a) Tank A begins to lose water 1
at a constant rate of 20
2
litres per minute.
The volume of water in
Tank A is modelled by
V = 1000 – 20t where V is
the volume in litres and t is
the time in minutes from
when the tank begins to
lose water.
On the grid below, draw the
graph of this model and
label it as Tank A.
(b) Tank B remains empty until t = 15 when water is added to it at a constant rate 2
of 30 litres per minute.
By drawing a line on the grid on the previous page, or otherwise, find the value
of t when the two tanks contain the same volume of water.
(c) Using the graphs drawn, or otherwise, find the value of t (where t > 0) when 1
the total volume of water in the two tanks is 1000 litres.
20 12 Calculate the sum of the arithmetic series 4 + 10 + 16 + … + 1354. 3 Solution
MA
20 13 
4
2 Solution
MA
 sec
2
Evaluate x dx.
0
20 14 History and Geography are two subjects students may decide to study. Solution
MA For a group of 40 students, the following is known.

• 7 students study neither History nor Geography
• 20 students study History
• 18 students study Geography
(a) A student is chosen at random. By using a Venn diagram, or otherwise, find the 2
probability that the student studies both History and Geography.
(b) A student is chosen at random. Given that the student studies Geography, what 1
is the probability that the student does NOT study History?
(c) Two different students are chosen at random, one after the other. What is the 2
probability that the first student studies History and the second student does
NOT study History?
20 15 Mr Ali, Ms Brown and a group of students were camping Solution
MA at the site located at P.

Mr Ali walked with some of the students on a bearing of Not to
035o for 7 km to location A. scale
20 31 Ms Brown, with the rest of the students, walked on a
MS bearing of 100o for 9 km to location B.
2
(a) Show that the angle APB is 65o. 1
(b) Find the distance AB. 2
(c) Find the bearing of Ms Brown’s group from Mr Ali’s group. 2

Give your answer correct to the nearest degree.
20 16 Sketch the graph of the curve y = –x3 + 3x2 – 1, labelling the stationary points and 4 Solution
MA point of inflection. Do NOT determine the x intercepts of the curve.

20 17 x 2 Solution
MA
Find 4+x 2
dx.

2x
20 18 (a) Differentiate e (2x + 1) 2 Solution
MA
 (x + 1) e
2x
(b) Hence, find dx. 1
20 19 Prove that sec  – cos  = sin  tan  2 Solution
MA
20 20 Kenzo is driving his car along a road while 2 Solution
MA his friend records the velocity of the car,

v(t), in km/h every minute over a 5-minute
period. The table gives the velocity v(t), at
time t hours.
The distance covered by the car over the
5
60
5-minute period is given by  v (t ) dt.
0
Use the trapezoidal rule and the velocity at each of the six time values to find the
approximate distance in kilometres the car has travelled in the 5-minute period.
Give your answer correct to one decimal place,
20 21 Hot tea is poured into a cup. Solution
MA The temperature of tea can be modelled by T = 25 + 70(1.5)–0.4t, where T is the

temperature of the tea, in degrees Celsius, t minutes after it is poured.
(a) What is the temperature of the tea 4 minutes after it has been poured? 1
(b) At what rate is the tea cooling 4 minutes after it has been poured? 2
(c) How long after the tea is poured will it take for its temperature to reach 55 3
20 22 The diagram shows a regular decagon (ten-sided shape with all 4 Solution
MA sides equal and all interior angles equal).

The decagon has centre O.
The perimeter of the shape is 80 cm.
By considering triangle OAB, calculate the area of the ten-sided
20 32 shape.
MS Give your answer in square centimetres, correct to one decimal
2 place.
20 23 A continuous random variable, X, has the following probability density functions. Solution
MA
f(x) =  sin x for 0  x  k
for all other values of k
0
(a) Find the value of k. 2
(b) Find P(X  1). Give your answer correct to four decimal places. 2
2 2
20 24 The circle x – 6x + y + 4y – 3 = 0 is reflected in the x-axis. 3 Solution
MA
Sketch the reflected circle, showing the coordinates of the centre and the radius.
20 25 A landscape gardener wants to build a Solution
MA garden bed in the shape of a rectangle

attached to a quarter-circle.
Let x and y be the dimensions of the
rectangle in metres, as shown in the
diagram.
The garden bed is required to have an area of 36 m2 and to have a perimeter which
is as small as possible. Let P metres be the perimeter of the garden bed.
72
(a) Show that P = 2x + . 3
x
(b) Find the smallest possible perimeter of the garden bed, showing why this is the 4
minimum perimeter.
20 26 Tina inherits $60 000 and invests it in an account earning interest at a rate of 0.5% Solution
MA per month. Each month, immediately after the interest has been paid, Tina
withdraws $800.
The amount in the account immediately after nth withdrawal can be determined
20 34 using the recurrence relation An = An–1(1.005) – 800, where n = 1, 2, 3, … and
MS A0 = 60 000.
2 (a) Use the recurrence relation to find the amount of money in the account 2
immediately after the third withdrawal. *
(b) Calculate the amount of interest earned in the first three months. * 2
(c) Calculate the amount of money in the account immediately after the 94th 3
withdrawal.
COMMON QUESTION: NESA 2020 Mathematics Standard 2* and Advanced HSC Examinations
20 27 A cricket is an insect. The male cricket produces a chirping sound. 5 Solution
MA A scientist wants to explore the relationship between the temperature in degrees

Celsius and the number of cricket chirps heard in a 15-second time interval.
Once a day for 20 days, the scientist collects data.
Based on the 20 data points, the scientist provides the information below.
20 36 • A box-plot of the temperature data
MS is shown.
2
• The mean temperature in the
dataset is 0.525oC below the
median temperature in the
dataset.
• A total of 684 chirps was counted when collecting the 20 data points.
The scientist fits a least-squares regression line using the data (x, y), where x is the
temperature in degrees Celsius and y is the number of chirps heard in a 15-second
time interval. The equation of this line is y = –10.6063 + bx, where b is the slope of
the regression line.
_ _ _
The least-squares regression line passes through the point ( x , y ) where x is the
_
sample mean of the temperature data and y is the sample mean of the chirp data.
Calculate the number of chirps expected in a 15-second interval when the
temperature is 19o Celsius. Give your answer to the nearest whole number.
20 28 In a particular country, the hourly rate of pay for adults who work is normally Solution
MA distributed with a mean of $25 and a standard deviation of $5.

(a) Two adults who both work are chosen at random. 3
Find the probability that at least one of them earns between $15 and $30 per
hour.
(b) The number of adults who work is equal to three times the number of adults 2
who do not work.
One adult is chosen at random.
Find the probability that the chosen adult works and earns more than $25 per
hour.
20 29 The diagram shows the graph of y = c ln x, Solution
MA c > 0.
(a) Show that the equation of the tangent to 2
y = c ln x, at x = p, where p > 0 is
c
y= x – c + c ln p.
p
(b) Find the value of c such that the tangent 2

from part (a) has a gradient of 1 and
passes through the origin.
20 30 The diagram shows two parabolas y = 4x – x2 Solution
MA and y = ax2, where a > 0.

The two parabolas intersect at the origin, O,
and at A.
4 2
(a) Show that the x-coordinate of A is .
a+1
(b) Find the value of a such that the shaded 4
16
area is .
3
20 31 The population of mice on an isolated island Solution
MA can be modelled by the function

  
m = a sin  t  + b, where t is the time in
 26 
weeks and 0  t  52. The population of mice
reaches a maximum of 35 000 when t = 13
and a minimum of 5000 when t = 39.
The graph of m(t) is shown.
(a) What are the values of a and b? 2
(b) On the same island, the population of cats can be modelled by the function 3
  
c(t) = –80 cos  (t − 10)  + 120.
 26 
Consider the graph of m(t) and the graph of g(t).

Find the values of t, 0  t  52, for which both populations are increasing.
(c) Find the rate of change of the mice population when the cat population reaches 2
a maximum.

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Mathematics Advanced Higher School Certificate Examinations by Topics compiled by projectmaths.com.

MATHEMATICS ADVANCED v2021.1

HSC Exam* Questions by Topic Licensed

Functions Functions 2020 NESA Sample Paper

F1.1 Algebraic techniques F2 Graphing techniques Question

Mathematics Advanced, Ext 1, Ext 2 Reference Sheet (2020 HSC)

Year 11: Trigonometric Functions

Syllabus: updated November 2019. Latest version @

20 15 Mr Ali, Ms Brown and a group of students were camping Solution

MA at the site located at P.

(c) Find the bearing of Ms Brown’s group from Mr Ali’s group. 2

MA sides equal and all interior angles equal).

MA 12 The diagram shows a triangle with sides of length x 3 Solution

Use the cosine rule to calculate the value of x,

NESA Mathematics Advanced Sample Examination Paper (2020)

NESA Mathematics Advanced Sample Examination Paper (2020)

centre O and radius 6 cm, where  AOB = 30o.

NESA Mathematics Advanced Year 11 Topic Guide: Trigonometric functions

NESA Mathematics Advanced Year 11 Topic Guide: Trigonometric functions

TG 3 Chris leaves island A in a boat and sails Solution

142 km on a bearing of 078o to island B.

NESA Mathematics Advanced Year 11 Topic Guide: Trigonometric functions

along a road from point A to point B.

SQ 4 A. 020o B. 070o C. 160o D. 200o

MS ME The angle of depression from a window to 1 Solution

SQ 9 a car on the ground is 40o.

NESA Mathematics Standard 2 Sample examination materials

SQ 25 The length of BC is 230 metres.

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SQ 26 nearest square metre.

SQ 27 The area of the triangle 43 m2 and  YXZ is acute.

NESA Mathematics Standard 2 Sample examination materials

MS ME The scale diagram shows the 3 Solution

SQ 28 aerial view of a block of land DIAGRAM TO SCALE

[A note to students from

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M c The diagonal AE and the side CD are produced to

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Calculate the size of angle , correct to the

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19 35 A compass radial survey shows the positions of 3 Solution

The area of the triangle BOC is 198 km2.

Calculate the bearing of town C from point O,

NESA 2019 Mathematics Standard 2 HSC Examination

M a 050o for 320 km to Port B. It then travels on

NESA 2018 Mathematics HSC Examination

M a and  KLM is 60o. The point N is chosen on

MG c Triangle ABC is right-angled, with

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17 30 The diagram shows the location of three Solution

MG c schools. School A is 5 km due north of school

NESA 2017 Mathematics General 2 HSC Examination

NESA 2016 Mathematics HSC Examination

M c being used to tile a bathroom.

MG is 40 km due north of town A. The distance

NESA 2016 Mathematics General 2 HSC Examination

16 30 A school playground consists of part of a circle, 5 Solution

MG c with centre O, and a rectangle as shown in the