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    Solutions CHEMHACK

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    Muhammed Nehan
    This document contains answers to questions about solutions and colligative properties. It defines key terms like ppm, molarity, molality, and ideal/non-ideal solutions. It provides examples of ideal solutions and positive/negative deviations from Raoult's law. The document also summarizes equations for calculating changes in vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point, and osmotic pressure due to the presence of solutes.

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    Solutions CHEMHACK

    Uploaded by

    Muhammed Nehan
    2K views4 pages
    This document contains answers to questions about solutions and colligative properties. It defines key terms like ppm, molarity, molality, and ideal/non-ideal solutions. It provides examples of ideal solutions and positive/negative deviations from Raoult's law. The document also summarizes equations for calculating changes in vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point, and osmotic pressure due to the presence of solutes.

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    This document contains answers to questions about solutions and colligative properties. It defines key terms like ppm, molarity, molality, and ideal/non-ideal solutions. It provides examples of ideal solutions and positive/negative deviations from Raoult's law. The document also summarizes equations for calculating changes in vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point, and osmotic pressure due to the presence of solutes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views4 pages

    Solutions CHEMHACK

    Uploaded by

    Muhammed Nehan
    This document contains answers to questions about solutions and colligative properties. It defines key terms like ppm, molarity, molality, and ideal/non-ideal solutions. It provides examples of ideal solutions and positive/negative deviations from Raoult's law. The document also summarizes equations for calculating changes in vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point, and osmotic pressure due to the presence of solutes.

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    Chapter 8

    SOLUTIONS
    INTRODUCTION

    1. German silver is mixture of - (3) (JEE)


    2. Bronze is a mixture of - (2) (JEE)
    3. ____ ppm of fluoride ions prevents tooth decay.
    4. ____ ppm of fluoride ions mottling of tooth.
    5. In chloroform mixed with nitrogen gas, what is the physical state of solute and solvent ?
    6. ____% (V/V) solution of ______ is used as antifreeze in cars for cooling the engine. (NEET)
    7. Unit commonly used in medicine and pharmacy is -
    8. Define Volume percentage (V/V).
    9. Define Mass by volume percentage (w/V).
    10. Define ppm.
    11. Define Molarity.
    12. Molality (m) = Moles of solute/Mass of solution in kg. T/F
    13. Molality is dependent on temperature. T/F (NEET)
    14. Molarity is independent of temperature. T/F (NEET) (JEE)

    SOLUBILITY & VAPOUR PRESSURE

    15. A polar solvent dissolves a nonpolar solute very easily. T/F


    16. Some solute particles in solution collide with the solid solute particles and get separated out of solution. This
    process is known as -
    17. With rise in temperature, solubility can decrease. T/F
    18. Higher the value of Kₕ, higher is the solubility at a given pressure. T/F
    19. Why are aquatic species more comfortable in cold waters rather than in warm waters ?
    20. When dissolved in a solution, the gas molecules are converted to liquid phase. T/F
    21. Write Henry Law. (JEE)
    22. Write Raoult's law.
    23. Henry law is a special case of Raoult’s law. T/F

    IDEAL & NON-IDEAL SOLUTIONS

    24. The 2 important properties of ideal solutions are - (NEET) (JEE)


    25. Ex. of ideal solutions are - (3) (NEET)

    ANSWERS 1
    32 CHEMHACK

    26. Vapour pressure of non-ideal solution can be higher than predicted. T/F
    27. The solutions which show negative deviation have stronger solute-solute and solvent-solvent interaction than
    solute-solvent interaction. T/F (NEET) (JEE)
    28. Ethanol and acetone mixture show positive/negative deviation. (NEET)
    29. NCERT ex. of positive deviation are - (2) (NEET) (JEE)
    30. NCERT ex.. of negative deviation are - (2) (NEET)
    31. Phenol-aniline & CHCl₃-acetone show negative deviation because -
    32. What are azeotropes ?
    33. Solutions which show large negative deviations from Raoult’s law form maximum boiling azeotrope/minimum
    boiling azeotrope. (NEET)
    34. Azeotrope of HNO₃-water has ___% HNO₃ and ___% water with a boiling point of ____ K.

    COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES

    35. What are colligative properties ?


    36. Freezing point and boiling point are colligative properties. T/F
    37. Equation of relative lowering of vapour pressure -
    38. Equation of elevation of boiling point -
    39. Equation of depression of freezing point -
    40. Equation of osmotic pressure -
    41. Cryoscopic constant is -
    42. Ebullioscopic constant is -
    43. Unit of Kf is -
    44. Kf (in terms of M, Tf, ΔfusH) =
    45. Kb (in terms of M, Tf, ΔvapH) =
    46. Process of flow of the solvent is called -
    47. Technique of osmotic pressure for determination of molar mass is particularly useful for molecules like - (2)
    48. Membranes used in reverse osmosis are made up of -
    49. Van’t Hoff factor, i = Abnormal molar mass/Normal molar mass. T/F
    50. Pure water can be obtained from sea water by - (NEET)
    51. If the molality of the dilute solution is doubled, the value of Kf becomes half. T/F (NEET)

    ANSWERS 1 ANSWERS 2
    SOLUTIONS 33

    ANSWERS
    • INTRODUCTION • IDEAL & NON-IDEAL SOLUTIONS
    1. Cu, Zn, Ni 24. ΔₘᵢₓH = 0, ΔₘᵢₓV = 0
    2. Cu, Sn 25. n-hexane and n-heptane, bromoethane and
    3. 1 ppm chloroethane, benzene and toluene
    4. 1.5 ppm 26. T
    5. Solute - Liquid, Solvent - Solid 27. F
    6. 35%, ethylene glycol 28. Positive
    7. w/V 29. Ethanol-acetone, CS₂-acetone
    8. Volume % = (Volume of the component/Total volume 30. Phenol-aniline, CHCl₃-acetone
    of solution) × 100 31. They form hydrogen bonds with each other
    9. mass of solute dissolved in 100 mL of the solution 32. binary mixtures having the same composition in
    10. Number of parts of the component × 10⁶/ Total liquid and vapour phase and boil at a constant
    number of parts of all components of the solution temperature
    11. Molarity = Moles of solute/Volume of solution in 33. Maximum boiling azeotrope
    litre 34. 68%, 32%, 393.5 K
    12. F • COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES
    13. F 35. Properties which depend on the number of solute
    14. F particles irrespective of their nature.
    • SOLUBILITY, VAPOUR PRESSURE 36. False, depression in freezing and elevation in
    15. F boiling point are colligative properties, i.e. that change
    16. Crystallisation (ΔTb or ΔTf) is colligative property, not the temp
    17. T (Tb or Tf) itself. Same is true for vapour pressure.
    18. F 37. Δp₁/p₁ = i n₂/n₁
    19. Because solubility of O₂ is more in cold water than 38. ΔTb = i Kb m
    warm water 39. ΔTf = i Kf m
    20. T 40. π(P) = CRT
    21. P = KₕX 41. Kf
    22. p₁ = pᵒ₁ x₁ . Hence by using Dalton’s law of 42. Kb
    partial pressure, we arrive at equation 43. K kg/mol
    Pₜ = pᵒ₁ x ₁ + pᵒ₂ x ₂ 44. R x Molar mass of solvent x Tf₂/(1000 x ΔfusH)
    23. F 45. R x Molar mass of solvent x Tb₂/(1000 x ΔvapH)
    46. Osmosis

    QUESTIONS 1 QUESTIONS 2
    34 CHEMHACK

    47. Biomolecules - proteins, polymers etc 50. Reverse osmosis


    48. Cellulose acetate 51. F, it remains unchanged
    49. F

    QUESTIONS 2

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