Industrial Electronics N3 Question-Memo

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T640(E)(N18)T
NOVEMBER EXAMINATION
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS N3
(8080613)
18 November 2016 (X-Paper)

09:00–12:00
Calculators may be used.
This question paper consists of 8 pages and 1 formula sheet.
Copyright reserved Please turn over

(8080613) -2- T640(E)(N18)T
DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
TIME: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Read ALL the questions carefully.
3. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this question
paper.
4. Use only BLUE or BLACK ink.
5. ALL the final answers must be approximated accurately to THREE decimal

places.
6. Use  = 3,142.
7. Write neatly and legibly.

(8080613) -3- T640(E)(N18)T
QUESTION 1
1.1 Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Choose the
answer and write only 'true' or 'false' next to the question number
(1.1.1–1.1.7) in the ANSWER BOOK.
1.1.1 The collector current of a transistor will increase when the base/
emitter forward-bias voltage is increased.
1.1.2 The direct-current bias point is a point on the load line which
represents the currents in a transistor and the voltage across it
when no signal is applied.
1.1.3 Current can flow through a Zener diode in both directions.
1.1.4 An electron has a negative charge of approximately 1,602 × 10-19

coulombs.
1.1.5 The algebraic sum of the voltages across the series components in
an alternating-current circuit is equal to the supply voltage.
1.1.6 In positive temperature coefficient thermistors the resistance

increases with an increase in temperature.
1.1.7 The larger the delay angle in a speed-control circuit, the higher the
speed.
(7 × 1) (7)
1.2 Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–C) next to the question
number (1.2.1–1.2.7) in the ANSWER BOOK.
1.2.1 An SCR can be switched off by …
A a negative pulse on the gate.

B increasing the current to above the holding current.
C making the anode negative with respect to the cathode.
1.2.2 The smallest change in measured value to which an instrument will

respond is called the …
A resolution.
B sensitivity.
C precision.
1.2.3 The number of electrons that pentavalent atoms have in their outer
shell is …
A 3.
B 4.
C 5.

(8080613) -4- T640(E)(N18)T
1.2.4 A transistor has an emitter current of 22 mA and a collector current

of 21 mA. The base current is …
A 43 mA.
B 1 mA.
C 22 mA.
1.2.5 The main characteristics of an operational amplifier are:
A Very high output impedance, low input impedance, high

voltage gain, ability to handle both AC and DC signals
B Very high voltage gain, high input impedance, low output
impedance, ability to handle both AC and DC signals
C Very high voltage gain, high current gain, low output
impedance, high input impedance
1.2.6 Which ONE of the following statements is WRONG?
A An inductive reactance results in a lagging phase angle.

B Reactance is resistance to electron flow in an alternating-
current circuit.
C Resistance varies as the frequency of the supply is varied.
1.2.7 Resonance can occur only in a circuit which contains …
A resistance and capacitance.

B resistance and inductance.
C inductance and capacitance.
(7 × 1) (7)
[14]

(8080613) -5- T640(E)(N18)T
QUESTION 2
2.1 Study FIGURE 1 below and determine the following with the aid of Kirchhoff's
laws:
R2 R3
F I1-I2 AI 2
15 Ω
B
20 Ω
I1
R1
25 Ω
R4
R5
5Ω
10Ω
Loop 2 Loop 1
+
10V
-
C
E D
FIGURE 1
2.1.1 The equation for Loop 1 (ABCDA) – set up the equation by starting
at point A and proceed in the direction of Loop 1 (thick arrow) (2)
2.1.2 The equation for Loop 2 (AFEDA) – set up the equation by starting
at point A and proceed in the direction of Loop 2 (thick arrow) (2)
2.1.3 The magnitude of the currents I1 and I 2 by making use of the

equations in QUESTION 2.1.1 and QUESTION 2.1.2 (4)
2.2 If the current is at minimum, calculate the capacitor when the coil with the
resistor of 12 Ω and the inductor of 32 mH is connected in parallel to the
unknown capacitor. This circuit diagram is then connected to a 240 V/50 Hz
supply. (10)
[18]

(8080613) -6- T640(E)(N18)T
QUESTION 3
3.1 An SCR can be controlled by making use of four different methods. The
statements below are descriptions or definitions of these methods.
Name the method that best describes the given statement:
3.1.1 This method of control is achieved by switching the control device

on for a number of full cycles and then switching the control device
off for a number of full cycles.
3.1.2 This method of control is a combination of phase control and cycle

control.
3.1.3 This method of control is achieved by controlling the time at which

the gate of the SCR is triggered.
3.1.4 This method of control is used when the SCR performs simple
switching.
(4 × 1) (4)
3.2 Show, by means of a labelled circuit diagram, how two SCRs connected to
form an SCR diode bridge can be used for full-wave control. (4)
3.3 Choose the correct word(s) from those given in brackets. Write only the
word(s) next to the question number (3.3.1–3.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.
3.3.1 Crystal transducers make use of the (a) (photoelectric effect/piezo-

electric effect) and they develop voltage when (b) (subjected to a
force/exposed to light). (2)
3.3.2 A common-emitter amplifier has a phase shift of (a) (0°/180°), a

(b) (high/low) current gain and a (c) (high/low) voltage gain. (3)
3.3.3 The output of a series clipper is measured across the

(a) (diode/resistor) and the output of a parallel clipper is measured
across the (b) (diode/resistor). (2)
3.3.4 A (a) (dual-beam/dual-trace) oscilloscope has two electron guns

and a (b) (dual-beam/dual-trace) oscilloscope has two modes of
operation. (2)
3.3.5 The (JFET/MOSFET) has its gate terminal insulated from the
channel. (1)
[18]

(8080613) -7- T640(E)(N18)T
QUESTION 4
4.1 Draw a neat, labelled circuit diagram of a push-pull amplifier. Indicate on the
circuit ALL relevant waveforms and bias polarities. (7)
4.2 Briefly describe the operation of each of the following amplifiers:
4.2.1 Class A
4.2.2 Class B
(2 × 2) (4)
4.3 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches an item in COLUMN A.

Write only the letter (A–C) next to the question number (4.3.1–4.3.3) in the
ANSWER BOOK.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
4.3.1 BJT A insulated-gate field-effect transistor
4.3.2 MOSFET B voltage-controlled device
4.3.3 FET C current-operated device

(3 × 1) (3)
4.4 Name TWO applications of an LED. (2)
4.5 A varactor diode can be used as a (4.5.1) and it can act as a (4.5.2) -biased
diode. (2)
[18]
QUESTION 5
5.1 Name the FOUR main characteristics of operational amplifiers. (4)
5.2 Draw neat, labelled circuit diagrams of an operational amplifier used in the
following modes:
5.2.1 Summing
5.2.2 Integrator
(2 × 3) (6)
5.3 Define the term Fermi level. (2)
5.4 Draw neat, labelled sketches of the following bonds:
5.4.1 Covalent bond
5.4.2 Ionic bond

(2 × 2) (4)
(8080613) -8- T640(E)(N18)T
5.5 Give an explanation for VF in terms of diode parameters. (2)

[18]
QUESTION 6
6.1 Refer to FIGURE 2 below and answer the questions.
Diaphragm
Applied Movable plate

pressure Direction
of motion Fixed plate
To electronic/bridge
circuit/read out
FIGURE 2
6.1.1 Identify the transducer in FIGURE 2. (1)
6.1.2 Briefly explain the operating principle of the transducer in

FIGURE 2. (2)
6.1.3 Name ONE area of application. (1)
6.2 Describe how a selenium photovoltaic cell is used as a transducer by

providing the following:
6.2.1 A labelled sketch of the construction (4)
6.2.2 The basic principle of operation (2)
6.3 With reference to an oscilloscope describe the purpose of the following:
6.3.1 Deflection plates
6.3.2 Delay line

(2 × 2) (4)
[14]
TOTAL: 100
Copyright reserved
(8080613) T640(E)(N18)T
FORMULA SHEET
Direct-current theory
V2
V IR P V  I P
R
P  I2  R
Alternating-current theory
1
X L  2fL XC  Z  R2  (X L ~ X C )2
2fC
VT R
VT  VR2  (VL ~ VC )2 I   cos1
Z Z
V IR V  I  XL V  I  XC
1 VT VT
fr  IR  IL 
2 LC R XL
VT
IC  IT  I R2  I X2 I X  I L ~ IC
XC
IX IR V
  tan 1   cos1 Z
IR IT IT
L V 1 1 R2
ZD  IT  fr   2
RC ZD 2 LC L
I C  I RL Sin L IT  I RL Cos L IT  ITH 2  ITV 2
Transistors
VCC
IC 
RL
Transducers
 l k  A  Eo
R C
a d
Copyright reserved
MARKING GUIDELINE
NOVEMBER EXAMINATION
18 NOVEMBER 2016
This marking guideline consists of 7 pages.

MARKING GUIDELINE -2- T640(E)(N18)T
QUESTION 1
1.1 1.1.1 True

1.1.2 True
1.1.3 True
1.1.4 True
1.1.5 False
1.1.6 True
1.1.7 False
(7 × 1) (7)
1.2 1.2.1 C
1.2.2 A
1.2.3 C
1.2.4 B
1.2.5 B
1.2.6 C
1.2.7 C
(7 × 1) (7)
[14]
QUESTION 2
2.1 2.1.1 Loop ABCDA

RsI2 +R1I1 = 10
20I2 + 25I1 = 10
25I1 + 20I2 = 10 ------------(1) (2)
2.1.2 Loop AFEDA

Rs(I1 – I2) + R1I1 = 10
30I1 – 30I2 + 25 I1 = 10
55I1 – 30I2 = 10 --------------(2) (2)
2.1.3 (1) x -55 : -1 375I1 -1 100I2 = -550

(2) x 25 : 1 375I1 - 750I2 = 250
-1 850I2 = -300
I2 = 300/1 850
I2 = 0,162 A
(2)
Substitute I2 in Equation 1
25I1 + 20(0,162) = 10
25I1 = 10 – 3,24
I1 = 6,76/25
I1 = 0,27 A (2)

2.2 XL = 2πfL
= 2 × π × 50 × 32 × 10-3
= 10,053 Ω
ZRL = R2 + XL2
= 122 + 10,0532 
= 15,564 Ω
Cos ƟL = R/ZRL
ƟL = Cos-1(12/15,564)
= 39,952°
IRL = V/ZRL
= 240/15,654
= 15,332 A
IC = IRL SinƟ
= 15,332 × 0,642
= 9,845 A
XC= V/IC
= 240/9,845
= 24,378 Ω
C = 1/2πfXc
= 1/(2πx 50 × 24,378) 
= 130,573 µF (10)
[18]

QUESTION 3
3.1 3.1.1 Cycle control

3.1.2 Cyclotronic control
3.1.3 Phase control
3.1.4 Static control
(4 × 1) (4)
3.2 Load
^
SCR1 D1
^  ^ ^
Control
circuit
^ ^
SCR2 D2
(ONE mark for diagram and THREE marks for correctness) (4)
3.3 3.3.1 (a) piezo-electric effect (b) subjected to a force (2)
3.3.2 (a) 180° (b) high (c) high (3)
3.3.3 (a) resistor (b) diode (2)
3.3.4 (a) dual-beam (b) dual-trace (2)
3.3.5 MOSFET (1)

[18]

QUESTION 4
4.1 
Q1 ^ ^
^
^ T1
R1 T1
^ VOUT
VIN - VCC +
RL
R2 ^
^
^
^ Q2 ^

(7)
4.2 4.2.1 In class A amplifiers the bias point corresponds to the midpoint of
the active region of the characteristic curve and is selected so
that the current flows during the whole of the input cycle.
4.2.2 In class B amplifiers the bias point corresponds to the cut-off

region of the characteristic curve and the current flows only
during the positive half cycles of the signal voltage.
(2 × 2) (4)
4.3 4.3.1 C
4.3.2 A
4.3.3 B
(3 × 1) (3)
4.4  Seven-segment
 Dot Mix
 Bar-graph displays (Any 2 × 1) (2)
4.5 4.5.1 capacitor

4.5.2 reverse
(2 × 1) (2)
[18]

QUESTION 5
5.1  Low output impedance

 High input impedance
 High voltage gain
 Wide band width (4 × 1) (4)
5.2 5.2.1 R1 Rf
V1 R1, R2, R3 and Rf = 1
R2 Correct connections = 1
V2
R3 VO Correctness = 1
V3
5.2.2 R1 C1 R1 and C1 =1

Correct connections
Vin VO Correctness
(2 × 3) (6)
5.3 Fermi level is a convenient way of showing the relative distribution of charge
carriers in different materials. (2)
5.4 5.4.1 Covalent bond

5.4.2 Ionic bond

(2 × 2) (4)
5.5 VF – static forward voltage. This is the maximum voltage level necessary to
produce the desired forward-current level. (2)
[18]

QUESTION 6
6.1 6.1.1 Capacitive pressure transducer (1)
6.1.2 The distance between the plates is varied by the externally applied
force or pressure which causes change in capacitance. (2)
6.1.3  Displacement
 Pressure
 Force (Any 1 × 1) (1)
RING-SHAPED
6.2 6.2.1 ELECTRODES
LIGHT
GLASS COVER
GOLD +
SELENIUM DEPOSIT V
ON METAL BASE
-
Drawing = 2 marks
Labels = 2 marks (4)
6.2.2 A voltage is generated in a semiconductor junction device when

the incident light activates the cell. (2)
6.3 6.3.1 Deflection plates position the CRT spot anywhere on the screen
by simultaneous application of appropriate vertical and horizontal
voltage inputs. (2)
6.3.2 The delay line delays the arrival of the input waveform at the
vertical deflection plates until the trigger and time-base circuits
have had a chance to start the sweep of the beam. (2)
[14]
TOTAL: 100
Copyright reserved
EKURHULENI TECH COLLEGE.
No. 5 Mogale Square, Krugersdorp.
Website: www.ekurhulenitech.co.za
Email: info@ekurhulenitech.co.za
TEL: 011 040 7343 CELL: 073 770 3028
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EKURHULENI TECH COLLEGE.

No. 5 Mogale Square, Krugersdorp.

PAST EXAM PAPER &

ABOUT REGISTERING WITH OUR COLLEGE

ABOUT VIDEO MATERIAL

Website: www.ekurhulenitech.co.za Email: info@ekurhulenitech.co.za

18 November 2016 (X-Paper)

Calculators may be used.

This question paper consists of 8 pages and 1 formula sheet.

Copyright reserved Please turn over

DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer ALL the questions.

2. Read ALL the questions carefully.

4. Use only BLUE or BLACK ink.

5. ALL the final answers must be approximated accurately to THREE decimal

7. Write neatly and legibly.

Copyright reserved Please turn over

1.1.3 Current can flow through a Zener diode in both directions.

1.1.4 An electron has a negative charge of approximately 1,602 × 10-19

1.1.6 In positive temperature coefficient thermistors the resistance

1.2.1 An SCR can be switched off by …

A a negative pulse on the gate.

1.2.2 The smallest change in measured value to which an instrument will

Copyright reserved Please turn over

1.2.4 A transistor has an emitter current of 22 mA and a collector current

1.2.5 The main characteristics of an operational amplifier are:

A Very high output impedance, low input impedance, high

1.2.6 Which ONE of the following statements is WRONG?

A An inductive reactance results in a lagging phase angle.

1.2.7 Resonance can occur only in a circuit which contains …

A resistance and capacitance.

Copyright reserved Please turn over

2.1.3 The magnitude of the currents I1 and I 2 by making use of the

Copyright reserved Please turn over

Name the method that best describes the given statement:

3.1.1 This method of control is achieved by switching the control device

3.1.2 This method of control is a combination of phase control and cycle

3.1.3 This method of control is achieved by controlling the time at which

3.3.1 Crystal transducers make use of the (a) (photoelectric effect/piezo-

3.3.2 A common-emitter amplifier has a phase shift of (a) (0°/180°), a

3.3.3 The output of a series clipper is measured across the

3.3.4 A (a) (dual-beam/dual-trace) oscilloscope has two electron guns

Copyright reserved Please turn over

4.2 Briefly describe the operation of each of the following amplifiers:

4.3 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches an item in COLUMN A.

4.3.2 MOSFET B voltage-controlled device

4.3.3 FET C current-operated device

4.4 Name TWO applications of an LED. (2)

5.1 Name the FOUR main characteristics of operational amplifiers. (4)

5.3 Define the term Fermi level. (2)

5.4 Draw neat, labelled sketches of the following bonds:

5.4.1 Covalent bond

5.4.2 Ionic bond

5.5 Give an explanation for VF in terms of diode parameters. (2)

6.1 Refer to FIGURE 2 below and answer the questions.

Applied Movable plate

6.1.1 Identify the transducer in FIGURE 2. (1)

6.1.2 Briefly explain the operating principle of the transducer in