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    Korean War Notes

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    danae olivares
    The Cuban Missile Crisis occurred in October 1962 when the U.S. discovered that the Soviet Union had placed nuclear missiles in Cuba. This brought the two superpowers of the Cold War dangerously close to nuclear war. Through aerial surveillance photos, the U.S. found evidence of Soviet missile sites being constructed in Cuba. President John F. Kennedy imposed a naval blockade of Cuba and demanded the Soviets remove the missiles. After several tense days, the Soviets agreed to remove the missiles in exchange for an American pledge not to invade Cuba. The crisis highlighted the risks of the nuclear arms race between the U.S. and Soviet Union.

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    Korean War Notes

    Uploaded by

    danae olivares
    36 views6 pages
    The Cuban Missile Crisis occurred in October 1962 when the U.S. discovered that the Soviet Union had placed nuclear missiles in Cuba. This brought the two superpowers of the Cold War dangerously close to nuclear war. Through aerial surveillance photos, the U.S. found evidence of Soviet missile sites being constructed in Cuba. President John F. Kennedy imposed a naval blockade of Cuba and demanded the Soviets remove the missiles. After several tense days, the Soviets agreed to remove the missiles in exchange for an American pledge not to invade Cuba. The crisis highlighted the risks of the nuclear arms race between the U.S. and Soviet Union.

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    Korean War notes

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    The Cuban Missile Crisis occurred in October 1962 when the U.S. discovered that the Soviet Union had placed nuclear missiles in Cuba. This brought the two superpowers of the Cold War dangerously close to nuclear war. Through aerial surveillance photos, the U.S. found evidence of Soviet missile sites being constructed in Cuba. President John F. Kennedy imposed a naval blockade of Cuba and demanded the Soviets remove the missiles. After several tense days, the Soviets agreed to remove the missiles in exchange for an American pledge not to invade Cuba. The crisis highlighted the risks of the nuclear arms race between the U.S. and Soviet Union.

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    Download as KEY, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as key, pdf, or txt
    36 views6 pages

    Korean War Notes

    Uploaded by

    danae olivares
    The Cuban Missile Crisis occurred in October 1962 when the U.S. discovered that the Soviet Union had placed nuclear missiles in Cuba. This brought the two superpowers of the Cold War dangerously close to nuclear war. Through aerial surveillance photos, the U.S. found evidence of Soviet missile sites being constructed in Cuba. President John F. Kennedy imposed a naval blockade of Cuba and demanded the Soviets remove the missiles. After several tense days, the Soviets agreed to remove the missiles in exchange for an American pledge not to invade Cuba. The crisis highlighted the risks of the nuclear arms race between the U.S. and Soviet Union.

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    Korean War

    “The forgotten war”


    25 June 1950 - 27 July 1953
    Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the Republic of Korea
    Casualties: At least 2.5 million people died
    + Soviet Union, UN, USA and China

    CLAIMANTS TO THE EFFECTS OF JAPAN


    POWER Korea annexed to Japan since 1910
    Divided into 2 Collapse of the Japanese empire in 1945
    1. MARXIST Not have a native gov. Waiting to return the
    REVOLUTIONARIES war ended.
    Kim Il-sung 38th Parallel
    Major in the soviet army August, 1945.
    Fought the Japanese USA & USSR decided to divide the peninsula
    <Chinese-dominated for administrative purposes
    guerrilla armies
    2. ULTRANATIONALIST DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF KOREA
    Syngman Rhee
    Inspiration from USA KIM IL-SUNG as the head
    Europe and Japan. Supposed democratic socialism but it
    Studied in USA was a dictatorship.

    REPUBLIC OF KOREA
    Pushed for a democracy in South Korea
    July 1948 First elections - won with
    92.6 of pop. Vote
    Syngman Rhee US backed candidate

    SHARED OBJECTIVE
    Both administrations looked for reunite the
    two halves of the peninsula under their
    government.
    Conflict inevitable.
    Korean War
    “The forgotten war”
    AS FOR THE USA
    Forces evacuated late 49’ leaving the south defended by the Republic of Korea army
    1950 10 combat divisions, only 1 was considered combat ready

    RESPONSE OF THE US
    IDEAS OF AN
    INVASION Late response
    Truman ordered MacArthur to give
    Show of weakness on
    munition to ROK - Use aircover to
    side of the ROK
    evacuate US citizens
    Rapid invasion and
    No declaration of war (big mistake) and
    conquering
    looked for the UN for a sanction
    Excuse: righteous
    response to a surprise UN Sec.Co. RESOLUTION 82
    attack from the South (no
    evidence)
    25th of June 1950 Date: June 25th and 27th 1950
    The war began at the :D The resolution passed at the Security
    Council
    predawn when heavily
    :) Wait the invasion
    armed and well-trained Withdraw
    North Korean army Provided assistance
    crossed the 38th parallel ._. The North Koreans gave a f**** about the
    resolution

    BATTLE OF PUSAN
    AUGUST - SEPTEMBER 1950
    KPA assault on the perimeter around Pusan - battle of attrition
    Timely arrival of reinforcements

    BATTLE OF INCHEON
    MacArthur launched an invasion at the port of Incheon - the most heavy
    missile zone
    Chinese warned North Koreans to expect that
    Americans gained control and cut the North Korean supply lines
    Korean War
    “The forgotten war”
    UNC RECOGNITION
    The invasion of ROK was being defeated by American
    forces and coalition of nations. International response

    THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA


    TABLES TURN
    American and ROK forces CAPITALISTS NEAR US?! NO WAY
    broke out of the Pusan Moved troops closer
    Perimeter and chased the Almost 500,000 men at the Yalu river
    retreating enemy north PYONGYANG WAS CAPTURED, 300,000
    CHINESE CROSSED THE BORDER INTO
    Sept 27 MacArthur KOREAN TERRITORY
    receives permission to
    pursue the enemy
    USA Overconfidence
    Oct 1 ROK forces crossed Indian diplomats warned Americans
    the 38th parallel MISTAKES: Outgunned, Outmanned,
    FALL OF PYONGYANG Outplanned
    FIRST CHINESE OFFENSIVES
    Oct 19 the capital of SPRK
    falls
    KPA offered no resistance OCT 25th BATTLE OF UNSAN
    MacArthur was ordered to Easy victory, withdrawing back into the
    prepare the way of mountains
    unification of a free and North Korean winter: -22° + howling
    independent Korea winds. (Same mistake as the battle of
    THE SLEEPING GIANT Stalingrad)
    AWAKES! CHINA MacArthur orders- the offensive needed to
    2. ULTRANATIONALIST continue.
    BATTLE OF CHOSIN RESERVOIR
    Syngman Rhee
    Inspiration from USA
    Europe and Japan.
    Studied in USA NOV 27TH - 30,000 US troops were
    encircled by over 120,000 Chinese
    17 days of fight to escape the trap
    Survivors named the chosen few
    “An entirely new war” MacArthur
    Pyongyang abandoned on the 5th of
    December
    Korean War
    “The forgotten war”
    OPERATION KILLER

    January 15, Gen Ridgway led the UN in a slow advance


    northward, in what his troops were called the “meat grinder”
    March 15, Re-recaptured Seoul
    March 31, Patrols crossing the 38th parallel
    MacArthur was fired

    CALCULATIONS ARMISTICE
    AND JULY 27, 1953
    NEGOTIATIONS Established a demilitarized zone (DMZ) at the
    Renewed march on 38th parallel
    Pyongyang = 200,000 US Set up a neutral nations repatriation
    casualties commissions to settle the ongoing POW issue
    Officially, Both Koreas are still at war to this
    Push for a settlement
    very day.
    Mid 1951 peace talks
    began while battle US denied their war crimes in Korea for
    continued many years
    Hostile diplomats and 2005-2010 South Korean commission
    cultural misunderstandings conducted an investigation of war crimes:
    caused negotiation to stall 82% SK forces 18% NK forces
    multiple times
    PRISONERS OF WAR (POW)
    USA Missing In
    Action=11,500 Response
    3,198
    ROK MIA 88,000
    Response= 7,142
    DPRK= 170,000 UNC
    Response= 132,474
    The other= 40,000 - south
    Koreans or decided to stay
    Cuban Missile
    INTRODUCTION
    Crisis
    THE MOST INTENSE DAYS OF THE COLD WAR
    Cuba, USSR, USA
    Date: Oct 22, 1962 - Nov 20, 1962
    1 casualties
    Cameos: Fidel Castro, Nikita Khrushchev, JFK
    OPERATION MONGOOSE & CHIRST’S SECOND
    BAY OF PIGS COMING

    Bahía de Cochinos, Cuba Nov 30, 1962 - 2nd attempt to overthrow


    April 17, 1961 Castro
    1,500 exiles, trained and Plan by the CIA to convince Cubans that:
    financed by the CIA, Christ arrived again, Fidel Castro = anti-Christ,
    Jesus wanted cubans to overthrow the anti-
    invade Cuba in an attempt christ
    to overthrow Castro’s
    government = BIG FAIL NOW CASTRO REALLY LIKES USSR
    CUBA WITH CASTRO
    1959- Fidel Castro Unsuccessful tries to overthrow Castro
    overthrows Batistas Convinced cuba to seek help from the USSR
    dictatorship in Cuba Khrushchev secretly deployed nuclear
    Castro provided lots of missiles to the island To protect the island and
    things, but also he contract the threat from the us missiles in Italy
    executed political and Turkey
    opponents, banned AERIAL PHOTO ANALYSIS
    political parties and
    censored the press

    New surveillance arm of the CIA (National


    Photographic Interpretation Center
    Photogrammetry
    THE FAIL PLAN OCTOBER 15, 1962
    Military tent and trucks in soviet patterns
    April 18th, small forces sent to Launcher equipment
    Bahia Honda. As a diversion
    Rest of the army to Bay of
    Pigs:
    Immediate fire
    25,000 cuban soldiers defeated
    the army in a couple f days
    Officially, Both Koreas are
    still at war to this very day.
    US didn’t provide assistance
    Cuban Missile
    KENNEDY’S RESPONSE
    Crisis
    Advised to launch air strikes against the sites and invade
    Cuba
    Not the sedition he took

    UNANIMOUSLY DECISION BY 3 OFFICERS


    “QUARANTINE”
    INSTEAD OF Captain Valentin Grigorievic Savitsky👍
    Officer Ivan Semionovich Maslennikov👍
    NAVAL BLOCKADE 2nd in command Vasili Arkhipov 🚫
    Kennedy decided to
    impose a quarantine
    (ships) around Cuba to
    check if the USSR was
    sending nuclear missiles
    Khrushchev’s response
    THE MOST INTENSE 6 DAYS
    OF THE CW
    Oct 27th - Spy plane
    piloted by Major Rudolph DIPLOMACY
    Anderson was shot down Attorney General Robert Kennedy secretly met
    over Banes Cuba by a with soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin
    Soviet missile. Proposal: US would secretly remove their
    missiles (turkey & Italy) & promise to never
    invade Cuba
    Soviet withdrawal from Cuba under UN
    inspection

    OCT 27TH
    Nuclear-armed Sub was hit
    by a small depth charge
    vessel trying to signal it to
    come up
    Commander were too deep to
    communicate with the
    surface
    They thought war began and
    prepared to launch a nuclear
    torpedo

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