CHELSEA INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY

Cambridge International AS & A Level

* 3 0 8 6 0 4 6 2 3 4 *

PHYSICS 9702/2
Paper 2 AS Level Structured Questions Sept 2023
TRIAL EXAMINATION 1 hour 15 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 60.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].

This document has 16 pages.

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Data

acceleration of free fall g = 9.81 m s–2

speed of light in free space c = 3.00 × 108 m s–1

elementary charge e = 1.60 × 10–19 C

unified atomic mass unit 1u = 1.66 × 10–27 kg

rest mass of proton mp = 1.67 × 10–27 kg

rest mass of electron me = 9.11 × 10–31 kg

Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1

molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K–1 mol–1

Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 × 10–23 J K–1

gravitational constant G = 6.67 × 10–11 N m2 kg–2

permittivity of free space ε0 = 8.85 × 10–12 F m–1

1
( = 8.99 × 109 m F–1)
4rf0

Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10–34 J s

Stefan–Boltzmann constant σ = 5.67 × 10–8 W m–2 K–4

Formulae

uniformly accelerated motion s = ut + 12 at 2

v2 = u 2 + 2as

hydrostatic pressure ∆p = ρg∆h

upthrust F = ρgV

fs v
Doppler effect for sound waves fo = v!v
s

electric current I = Anvq

resistors in series R = R1 + R2 + ...

1 1 1
resistors in parallel = + + ...
R R1 R2
 3
1 A uniform rectangular beam has negligible thickness and weight 850 N. Its length is 5.000 m and it
is in contact with the top of a support at point P. The middle point of the base of the support is Q.
The support acts as a pivot at P.

Fig. 1.1 shows that P is 0.800 m from one end of the beam.

rope

T
60.0°

5.000 m
30.0°

beam

P 0.800 m

support
Q

Fig. 1.1 (not to scale)

The beam is held stationary, at an angle of 30.0° to the horizontal, by a rope that is attached to the
bottom corner of the other end of the beam.

(a) Calculate the moment of the weight of the beam about point P.

moment = .................................................. N m [2]

(b) The rope is at an angle of 60.0° to the horizontal, as shown in Fig. 1.1.

(i) Show that the perpendicular distance between the line of the rope and P is 2.100 m.

[1]
 4

(ii) Calculate the magnitude of the force T on the beam due to the tension in the rope.

T = ..................................................... N [2]

(c) Point Q on the base of the support is vertically below P. The resultant of the weight of the
beam and the force on the beam due to the tension in the rope is R.

(i) By drawing, determine the magnitude of R and the angle between R and the vertical line
PQ.

magnitude of R = ........................................................... N

angle between R and PQ = ............................................................. °

[4]

(ii) Hence determine the magnitude of the force exerted by the support on the beam and
comment on the direction of this force relative to R.

magnitude of force exerted by the support = ........................................................... N

direction of force exerted by support: ...............................................................

[1]

[Total: 10]
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2 A pulley system is a device that consists of wheels (pulleys) and a rope which is used to lift loads.

Fig. 2.1 shows a system of two pulleys with one pulley fixed to the ceiling but free to rotate.
The other pulley is attached to a load.

ceiling

fixed pulley
rope

11.5°
force
11.5°
moving pulley

load

Fig. 2.1 (not to scale)

A force is used to pull the free end of the rope and this lifts the load at a constant speed. The air
resistance and friction are negligible.

The moving pulley has a mass of 2.40 kg and the load is a box of weight 960 N.

(a) The tension T in the rope is constant along its length.

Calculate:

(i) the combined weight of the moving pulley and load

combined weight = ..................................................... N [1]

(ii) tension T.

T = ..................................................... N [2]
 6

(b) The load is lifted, at a constant speed, through a distance of 3.50 m.

(i) Calculate the gravitational potential energy gained by the load.

gravitational potential energy gained = ...................................................... J [2]

(ii) As the load moves upwards, the tension in the rope changes.

Explain how the tension changes.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) A graph of force applied against the distance moved by the force is plotted.

State how the work done by the force can be deduced from the graph.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) When the pulley system is used, the work done by the force pulling the rope is greater than
the gravitational potential energy gained by the load.

(i) Suggest one reason for this.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Suggest one reason for using the pulley system.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 10]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows a firefighter standing on an elevated platform directing water upwards and towards
a burning building.

nozzle

15.0°

Fig. 3.1 (not to scale)

Water leaves the nozzle with a velocity of 13.1 m s–1 at 15.0° to the horizontal.

(a) State how velocity differs from speed.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) (i) Calculate the vertical component of the velocity of the water.

vertical component = ................................................ m s–1 [2]

(ii) Calculate the vertical distance travelled by the water from when it leaves the nozzle until
it reaches its maximum height.

vertical distance travelled = ...................................................... m [2]

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(c) State, in terms of momentum, Newton’s second law of motion.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) The density of water is 1000 kg m–3 and the diameter of the circular hole in the nozzle at the
end of the hose is 4.00 cm.

(i) Determine the momentum of the water that emerges from the nozzle in one second.

momentum = ............................................ kg m s–1 [2]

(ii) Explain why the value calculated in (d)(i) is not numerically equal to the force on the
nozzle due to the momentum change of the water.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 9]

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4 When subjected to forces, objects can undergo deformation.

(a) State how elastic deformation differs from plastic deformation.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) A wire of length 7.65 m and cross-sectional area 3.51 × 10–2 cm2 is made from a material of
Young modulus 1.86 × 1011 Pa.

One end of the wire is fixed to a ceiling. A load of mass 12.8 kg is attached to the lower end of
the wire.

Calculate

(i) the extension of the wire,

extension = ...................................................... m [3]

(ii) the energy stored in the stretched wire.

energy = ....................................................... J [2]

[Total: 6]
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5 A transmitter produces microwaves of wavelength 0.0310 m.

Fig. 5.1 shows the transmitter in front of a vertical aluminium sheet which reflects the microwaves
incident on it.

microwave aluminium
transmitter sheet

Fig. 5.1

(a) The microwaves produced by the transmitter create a standing wave in the region between
the transmitter and the aluminium sheet.

(i) Describe what is meant by standing wave.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) State why a standing microwave is set up between the transmitter and the aluminium
sheet.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Determine the distance between a node and an adjacent antinode in the standing wave.

distance = ..................................................... m [1]

(b) The microwaves produced by the transmitter are plane-polarised.

(i) Explain why microwaves can be plane-polarised but sound waves cannot be.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(ii) The aluminium sheet in Fig. 5.1 is removed and replaced with the arrangement of
thin, vertical conducting rods shown in Fig. 5.2.

plastic block
conducting rods
transmitter
detector

A B
rotation
direction

Fig. 5.2

The arrangement of rods is held in place by two plastic blocks. A microwave detector is
placed behind the rods.

The arrangement acts as a polarising filter for the microwaves and with the rods vertical,
no microwaves are detected.

The arrangement of rods is rotated by 90° about the axis AB to the position
shown in Fig. 5.3.

plastic block
conducting rods
transmitter
detector

A B
rotation
direction

Fig. 5.3
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On Fig. 5.4, sketch a graph to show how the amplitude of the waves detected
changes as the arrangement of rods is rotated from 0 to 360° from the original, vertical
position.

maximum
amplitude

0
0 90 180 270 360
angle of rotation from vertical / °

Fig. 5.4 [2]

[Total: 8]

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6 A 12.0V battery, which has a negligible internal resistance, is used to power a 24.0 W, 12.0 V
filament lamp.

(a) Calculate the resistance of the lamp when powered by the battery.

resistance = ..................................................... Ω [1]

(b) (i) The 12.0 V battery is the power source of a circuit that is used to obtain results for a
voltage–current graph for the filament lamp. The circuit ensures all values of voltage
from 0 to 12.0 V inclusive can be supplied to the lamp.

Draw the circuit diagram and describe how the circuit is used.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [4]

(ii) The resistance of the filament lamp increases as its temperature increases.

On Fig. 6.1, sketch a voltage–current graph for the lamp. Include a value for I O,
the operating current.

12.0

voltage / V

0
0 IO = ............... A
current / A
Fig. 6.1
[2]
 14

(c) The 12.0 V battery is used to power the circuit shown in Fig. 6.2.

12.0 V

X 15.0 Ω

20.0 Ω

Fig. 6.2

The resistance of X is set at 30.0 Ω.

(i) Calculate the current in the 15.0 Ω resistor.

current = ...................................................... A [3]

(ii) The resistance of X is gradually decreased.

Explain what happens to the current in the 15.0 Ω resistor.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 12]

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8 Almost all of the mass of an atom is in its nucleus.

(a) It is possible to conclude, from two observations in an experiment, that

• the nucleus has an extremely small volume compared with that of the atom
• the nucleus is electrically charged.

(i) Describe, with the help of a diagram, an experiment in which the two observations are
made.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [3]

(ii) Explain how the observations made in the experiment suggest each of the two
conclusions.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]