Semi Uts

Political Self Theories of Leadership (Psychological
Guide Questions: Needs)

1. Why is it easy for some people to convince
others to follow them? David McClelland believed that we have
2. Why is it easy for some people to get three psychological needs:
convinced?  Need for power (nPow)
3. Would a person’s trait and values impact  Need for affiliation (nAff)
his political self?  Need for achievement (nAch)
Normative influence – based on Theories of Leadership (Three Leadership

conforming to positive expectations of Motivation Patterns)
others; helps avoid punishment. © Chan and Drasgow, 2001
Informational influence – based on
accepting the information obtained from 1. Affective identity motivation – the
others as evidence of reality. motivation to lead as a result of a desire to
 Leadership is the process by which be in charge and lead others.
certain group members motivate and 2. Non calculative motivation – those who
guide the group. seek leadership positions because they will
 If we believe that certain people are result in personal gain.
“born leaders” because of their 3. Social – normative motivation – the
personal traits, needs, or orientation, desire to lead out of a sense of duty or
then leaders could be selected responsibility.
partially on the basis of their
achievements. Theories of Leadership (Types of Leaders
According to Path- Goal Theory)
 If we believe that leadership consists
of specific skills or behaviors, then 1. Instrumental – leaders who plan and
theoretically, we should be able to organizes for their subordinates.
train any person to become an 2. Supportive – leaders who show concern to
outstanding leader. their subordinates.
 If we believe that good leadership is 3. Participative – leaders who allow
the result of an interaction between subordinates to participate in decision
certain types of behaviors and making.
particular characteristics, then we 4. Achievement – oriented – sets challenges
might choose certain types of people and rewards achievement.
to be leaders at any given time, or we
might teach leaders how to adapt Theories of Leadership (McGregor: Task
their behavior to meet the situation. Orientation vs. Person Orientation)
 Certain types of people will become
 Person-Oriented Leaders (Theory Y
leaders and certain types will not.
Leaders): leaders high in
 People high in openness, consideration act in warm and
conscientiousness, extraversion, and supportive manner and show concern
low in neuroticism are more likely to for their members; believed that
emerge as leaders. members are intrinsically motivated;
 High self-monitors (people who adapt seek responsibility and are self-
their behavior to the social situation) controlled and do not necessarily
emerge as leaders more often than dislike work; tend to appreciate
low self-monitors. humor.
 More intelligent people are more likely  Task-Oriented Leaders (Theory X
to emerge as leaders than are less Leaders): leaders high in initiating
intelligent people. structure define and structure their
own rules and those of their members
to attain the group’s formal goals; see
members as lazy, extrinsically
motivated, wanting security,
undisciplined and shirking
responsibility; tend to produce
humor.
Theories of Leadership (Managerial Grid)
 Country Club Leaders = high PO;
lowTO
 Team Leaders = high PO &TO
 Impoverished Leaders = low PO & TO
 Task-centered Leaders = low PO;
highTO
 Middle-of-the-road Leaders = neutral
Rethinking Filipino Values from the

Perspective of Sikolohiyang Pilipino
The colonial influence
1. Do you know why Filipinos do not like to
sit in front or near the stage during events?
2. Do you know the difference between
afritada, mechado, menudo and caldereta?
What do you think about the following:

 Filipino time
 Crab Mentality
 Colonial Mentality
Rethinking Filipino Values

 Hiya is not the same with “shame” or
“guilt” but rather it is a sense of
propriety.
 Bahala na is not fatalism but it is
risk-thinking and determination.
 Utang na loob is not a debt or a
burden; it is gratitude and solidarity.

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Semi Uts

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Political Self Theories of Leadership (Psychological

Guide Questions: Needs)

Normative influence – based on Theories of Leadership (Three Leadership

Rethinking Filipino Values from the

What do you think about the following:

Rethinking Filipino Values

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